148 lines
19 KiB
XML
148 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="5F9FAFD5E19ED9E0F5ECAEA12821CE58">Additions to the taxonomy of New World Pheidole (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7CC0F211BD8B12F76680C7E520666719">Longino, J. T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="504FD798F498813624E7057B14FFA952">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="3062BC813B894747B8CBE34637C40743">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="03660ADBC3083ED39D18379201942E0C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="477DB035F965391F6BACBC60DAE1A074">2181</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="B3484A7C277A973F5B9C47F490930B33">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="90CB761E001749066F141D0E2568BA84" type="HNS-PUB">22820</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D4D72E0DD2414E766414B02B2C05C388" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6222896" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100121415" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6222896" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D4D72E0DD2414E766414B02B2C05C388" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D4D72E0DD2414E766414B02B2C05C388" lastPageNumber="80" pageNumber="79">
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<subSubSection id="6811764343E880B2E2D3374EEEDBDFFE" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5BD7F0442C762AD15C5268707D8F50BC" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="F1F642D095BB24E79783A6ACFF37EF4B" ID-CoL="4FYM9" ID-ENA="2841175" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole susannae Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="susannae">Pheidole susannae</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="05547E65E36442871527AC6F89683DFD" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="829BC7C50BAC99D5BA58057553062E80" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="21BCAD24642F0883B5621342DA6922D1" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole susannae Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="susannae">
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Pheidole susannae
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<bibRefCitation id="2995F07B4E3FFBEB62181D47FD06206F" author="Forel, A." refId="ref45454" refString="Forel, A. (1886) Especes nouvelles de fourmis americaines. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 30, xxxviii-xlix." type="book" year="1886">Forel, 1886</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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: xliii. Syntype major, minor worker: Guatemala, Retalhuleu (Stoll) [
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<collectionCode id="135EDE5C727E5518E74EF7C919B196E3" collectionName="Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle">MHNG</collectionCode>
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] (examined).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8C0880F404A09D5CC64507BC15A0F4E3" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="DCEA3B56A577B4FAC2DA77B19F252AF0" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:151595" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole susannae obscurior Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="susannae" subSpecies="obscurior">
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Pheidole susannae r. obscurior
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<bibRefCitation id="C9C3A813DBA42A3B5FE227CB66507F2D" author="Forel, A." refId="ref45454" refString="Forel, A. (1886) Especes nouvelles de fourmis americaines. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 30, xxxviii-xlix." type="book" year="1886">Forel, 1886</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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: xliv. Lectotype major worker (here designated, labeled with unique pin code
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<collectionCode id="CDF1821F2A2E68A087138DD07A9ADDF1" collectionName="John T. Longino">JTLC</collectionCode>
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000015316) and associated paralectotype minor worker: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Naegeli) [
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<collectionCode id="7428DFEB01FC9004717533BF717EEFB9" collectionName="Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle">MHNG</collectionCode>
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] (examined).
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<bibRefCitation id="64F8B985505631F1B0E4B8444A66CD88" author="Forel, A." pagination="333 - 418" refId="ref45479" refString="Forel, A. (1893) Formicides de l'Antille St. Vincent, recoltees par Mons. H. H. Smith. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1893, 333 - 418." type="journal article" year="1893">Forel, 1893: 410</bibRefCitation>
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: description of queen, male.
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<bibRefCitation id="AFE227C5BF6E89EDA5FD61B5913C4F9E" author="Wilson, E. O." refId="ref46471" refString="Wilson, E. O. (2003) Pheidole in the New World: A Dominant, Hyperdiverse Ant Genus. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 794 pp." type="book" year="2003">Wilson, 2003: 330</bibRefCitation>
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: raised to species, senior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="265C548C23B58699F782AB75F3AD61D8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33918" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="7" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole partita Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partita">P. partita</taxonomicName>
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. New Synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0998F5621398213B371DCFCE5DECDD53" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="B4192BA8EBB0C3631B45E20117FB4528" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33918" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole partita Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partita">
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Pheidole partita
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<bibRefCitation id="7245785F8FD6A3CFB5FE155F94071791" author="Mayr, G." pagination="511 - 632" refId="ref46040" refString="Mayr, G. (1887) Sudamerikanische Formiciden. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-botanishen Gesellschaft in Wein, 37, 511 - 632." type="journal article" year="1887">Mayr, 1887: 590</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(major worker), 604 (minor worker): Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Naegeli).
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<bibRefCitation id="9A9EF89CFCACE5A18426A1CB8FD7D4E0" author="Wilson, E. O." refId="ref46471" refString="Wilson, E. O. (2003) Pheidole in the New World: A Dominant, Hyperdiverse Ant Genus. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 794 pp." type="book" year="2003">Wilson, 2003: 330</bibRefCitation>
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: junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="0CD9611EDC3DA9F707D7AC3741766D19" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181812" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="34652" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole obscurior Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurior">P. obscurior</taxonomicName>
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. New Synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E4394DE2EAEB9688201C8AF2CD517A7C" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="535A883084132D0EA7B85CAA69A2EAFC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:151593" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole susannae atricolor Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="susannae" subSpecies="atricolor">
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Pheidole susannae r. atricolor
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<bibRefCitation id="8E28BF7A0244450C790A4036521A107E" author="Forel, A." pagination="334 - 382" refId="ref45542" refString="Forel, A. (1901 a) Varietes myrmecologiques. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 45, 334 - 382." type="journal article" year="1901">Forel, 1901a: 356</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Syntype major,minor worker, gyne, male: Colombia, Magdalena, San Antonio (Forel) [
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<collectionCode id="39D5B80945F45FD0407E80385F9777EE" collectionName="Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle">MHNG</collectionCode>
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] (examined).
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<bibRefCitation id="952DFF15B2B7FC94A26F0B128FAC2342" author="Wilson, E. O." refId="ref46471" refString="Wilson, E. O. (2003) Pheidole in the New World: A Dominant, Hyperdiverse Ant Genus. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 794 pp." type="book" year="2003">Wilson, 2003: 351</bibRefCitation>
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: junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="A5CD16F01272181AABC4C1389C5171DA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="141" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole susannae Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="susannae">P. susannae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="09EA45C3C53786DFF0A16E0AC5B9DB48" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="FCB4C94113B968DCE2D29DDABE85930B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33796" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole incisa Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incisa">
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Pheidole incisa subsp. evoluta
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<bibRefCitation id="96BE2A659248AF95D5E70EAA104A9481" author="Borgmeier, T." pagination="195 - 214" refId="ref44938" refString="Borgmeier, T. (1929) Zur Kenntnis der brasilianischen Ameisen. EOS - Revista Espahola de Entomologia, 5, 195 - 214." type="journal article" year="1929">Borgmeier, 1929: 204</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 6, fig. 3. Syntype major, minor worker: Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 30 Nov 1924 (Buck).
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<bibRefCitation id="D24E6E75A90C75DC013103237981B6DF" author="Kempf, W. W." pagination="45 - 71" refId="ref45695" refString="Kempf, W. W. (1964) Miscellaneous studies on Neotropical ants. III. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 7, 45 - 71." type="journal article" year="1964">Kempf, 1964: 63</bibRefCitation>
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: junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="AA79DA2E8EF5BE2D4BF3A1DB0AD2ED2B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="209" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole susannae Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="susannae">P. susannae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A203696F0E0E1B511FD31402590FED83" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="F838EF8E7EC4BD68897E9E72A8E5B82C" pageNumber="79">Geographic Range</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="24A764470706FEA288B151E5D064C3B0" pageNumber="79">Southern Mexico to southern Brazil.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8278E3709948B6945A1E81D9C745D1" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="83F006357B4787F02C79EE62AF2B7742" pageNumber="79">Biology</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B13540267B72CFED6ED8331ACDD3F54D" pageNumber="79">This species occurs in various habitats, including highly disturbed areas (city parks), seasonal dry forest, mature lowland rainforest, and second growth rainforest. It can occur on the ground or in the canopy. Workers readily recruit to baits, and major workers often recruit along with minor workers. Nests are in small cavities and appear to be somewhat opportunistically inhabited.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="700413268FE5052A4780D63780DDF0F7" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="760AEA448A0540823A6EB35C927CD98C" pageNumber="79">Comments</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B469BD618821E3C3D9C22C8E055510AB" pageNumber="79">
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Although
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<bibRefCitation id="E8D700766C96B42A2AB5A5680D7249B8" author="Wilson, E. O." refId="ref46471" refString="Wilson, E. O. (2003) Pheidole in the New World: A Dominant, Hyperdiverse Ant Genus. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 794 pp." type="book" year="2003">Wilson (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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illustrated a "Lectotype major worker," among the type material of
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<taxonomicName id="4326581EEC5AE5DB2DE01BDA8C4E92BF" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="108" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole susannae Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="susannae">P. susannae</taxonomicName>
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borrowed from
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<collectionCode id="443E54C4CAAA6762002207A347F78D06" collectionName="Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle">MHNG</collectionCode>
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for this study, none was labeled Lectotype.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F38C7DCD9EC53C8701EB801F02C21025" pageNumber="79">
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The syntypes of
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<taxonomicName id="1CA6195115DCFC3E471F3CD8A1182401" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="90" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole susannae Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="susannae">P. susannae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="DE63ED8767978FED4FD62DA8DA0712BF" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181812" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="34884" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole obscurior Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurior">P. obscurior</taxonomicName>
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are very similar in all respects but color. The syntypes of
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<taxonomicName id="62F95582FBD3165700FECA20BDC0104A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="71" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole susannae Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="susannae">P. susannae</taxonomicName>
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are yellow; those of
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<taxonomicName id="CB1AF1DD8AA16DCF82CF50D2BB85301D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181812" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="34907" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole obscurior Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurior">P. obscurior</taxonomicName>
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are dark brown. The key in Wilson separates the species on relative scape length in the major, with
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<taxonomicName id="F499C62C0E50B7C392ECABAD255E9046" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181812" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="34930" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole obscurior Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurior">P. obscurior</taxonomicName>
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purported to have relatively longer scapes. However, measurements of the types reveal that the lectotype of
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<taxonomicName id="B546EC70EF5CE60D2F418F5472474712" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181812" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="34951" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole obscurior Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurior">P. obscurior</taxonomicName>
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has a SI that is actually lower than that of syntypes of
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<taxonomicName id="99349E37ED8AEA763BCB19B769BD69CB" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="4" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole susannae Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="susannae">P. susannae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="10A6C6B2262CC3D1199B5A888C2D076A" pageNumber="80">
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<taxonomicName id="A43ACABC9D961CD6CAC36650ABE10391" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole susannae Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="susannae">
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<pageBreakToken id="1BDD8967490BF1C3B3B7B7E9E72E1385" pageNumber="80">Pheidole</pageBreakToken>
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susannae
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</taxonomicName>
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is a relatively common species found in disturbed habitats throughout the Neotropics. It appears quite uniform in morphology across its range. With the exception of the type series, all the material examined to date has been dark red brown. The types are inexplicably yellow. A yellow form may be discovered in Guatemala (the type locality), but given that the types were collected in the nineteenth century with uncertain methods of preservation, there is the possibility that the coloration is a preservation artifact.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |