180 lines
17 KiB
XML
180 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5584836" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b9f36fb1-1c9d-4af8-96ca-d57973b94862" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192710730" ID-ISSN="1997-3500" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5584836" approvalRequired="1" checkinTime="1619623649741" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Seifert, Bernhard" docDate="2021" docId="F52B87F65E2D615AFC9FDAAEFC261C39" docLanguage="en" docName="myrmecNews.31_133-179_printable.pdf" docOrigin="Myrmecological News 31" docSource="http://zoobank.org/0e55c0d7-531a-48d7-a078-148b96bd461d" docTitle="Formica angusticeps STARCKE 1947" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="160" masterDocId="0912FF8E5E366141FFC9DA41FF91193E" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic members of the Formica rufa group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) - the famous mound-building red wood ants" masterLastPageNumber="179" masterPageNumber="133" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" updateTime="1643400318318" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic members of the Formica rufa group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) - the famous mound-building red wood ants</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Seifert, Bernhard</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Myrmecological News</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-04-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>133</mods:start>
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<mods:end>179</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://zoobank.org/0e55c0d7-531a-48d7-a078-148b96bd461d</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.25849/myrmecol.news_031:133</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">b9f36fb1-1c9d-4af8-96ca-d57973b94862</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1997-3500</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5582216</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">0E55C0D7-531A-48D7-A078-148B96BD461D</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5584836" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192710730" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5584836" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F52B87F65E2D615AFC9FDAAEFC261C39" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F52B87F65E2D615AFC9FDAAEFC261C39" lastPageNumber="160" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">
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<subSubSection box="[854,1322,239,264]" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="27.[816,1438,177,2023]" box="[854,1322,239,264]" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">
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<treatmentCitation box="[854,1322,239,264]" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">
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<taxonomicName authority="STARCKE, 1947" authorityName="STARCKE" authorityYear="1947" box="[854,1322,239,264]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angusticeps">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[854,1322,239,264]" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[854,1128,239,262]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">Formica angusticeps</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="STARCKE" box="[1134,1322,240,264]" firstAuthor="STARCKE" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" pagination="144 - 146" part="12" refId="ref47363" refString="STARCKE, A. 1947: De boreale form van de roode boschmier (Formica rufa rufa) op de Hooge Veluwe. - Entomologische Berichten 12: 144 - 146." title="De boreale form van de roode boschmier (Formica rufa rufa) op de Hooge Veluwe" type="journal article" year="1947">STÄRCKE, 1947</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="160" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="27.[816,1438,177,2023]" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">
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<treatmentCitation pageId="27" pageNumber="160">
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<taxonomicName authority="STARCKE, 1947" authorityName="STARCKE" authorityYear="1947" box="[816,1330,272,296]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rufa" variety="angusticeps">
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<emphasis box="[816,967,273,294]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">Formica rufa</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis box="[1024,1158,273,294]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">angusticeps</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="STARCKE" box="[1166,1330,272,296]" firstAuthor="STARCKE" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" pagination="144 - 146" part="12" refId="ref47363" refString="STARCKE, A. 1947: De boreale form van de roode boschmier (Formica rufa rufa) op de Hooge Veluwe. - Entomologische Berichten 12: 144 - 146." title="De boreale form van de roode boschmier (Formica rufa rufa) op de Hooge Veluwe" type="journal article" year="1947">STÄRCKE, 1947</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[description, zoogeography]
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</treatmentCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="160" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="27.[816,1438,177,2023]" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">
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The taxon was described from
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<collectingCountry box="[1193,1374,337,359]" name="Netherlands" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectionCode box="[1384,1436,337,358]" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">BOL-</collectionCode>
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TON (1995) considered the name as available. The title of the paper “De boreale form van de roode boschmier (
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<taxonomicName authority="rufa" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rufa" subSpecies="rufa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">Formica rufa rufa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)” suggests that
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<bibRefCitation author="STARCKE" box="[1158,1332,432,456]" firstAuthor="STARCKE" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" pagination="144 - 146" part="12" refId="ref47363" refString="STARCKE, A. 1947: De boreale form van de roode boschmier (Formica rufa rufa) op de Hooge Veluwe. - Entomologische Berichten 12: 144 - 146." title="De boreale form van de roode boschmier (Formica rufa rufa) op de Hooge Veluwe" type="journal article" year="1947">STÄRCKE (1947)</bibRefCitation>
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intended to introduce the new name at infrasubspecific rank. Yet, the main text did not make it clear what his intention was. If the name is available, we can assume a synonymy with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="RETZIUS" authorityYear="1783" box="[816,1018,561,582]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
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<emphasis box="[816,1018,561,582]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">Formica pratensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on the following argumentation. The
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<typeStatus box="[866,915,593,614]" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">type</typeStatus>
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locality is in Hoge Veluwe (
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<geoCoordinate box="[1231,1333,592,614]" degrees="51.08" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" precision="555" value="51.08">51.08° N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[1345,1432,592,614]" degrees="5.83" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" precision="555" value="5.83">5.83° E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity box="[816,868,625,646]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" unit="m" value="38.0">38m</quantity>
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) – a sand dune area with interspersed moister parts. We have only four species of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="LINNAEUS" authorityYear="1761" box="[1169,1242,657,678]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa">
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<emphasis box="[1169,1242,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">F. rufa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group potentially occurring in that region:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="LINNAEUS" authorityYear="1761" box="[1100,1176,689,710]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa">
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<emphasis box="[1100,1176,689,710]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">F. rufa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="FOERSTER" authorityYear="1850" box="[1191,1402,689,710]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polyctena">
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<emphasis box="[1191,1402,689,710]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">Formica polyctena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="RETZIUS" authorityYear="1783" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">F. pratensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName box="[980,1202,721,742]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncorum">
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<emphasis box="[980,1202,721,742]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">Formica truncorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName box="[1214,1437,721,742]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncorum">
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<emphasis box="[1214,1437,721,742]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">Formica truncorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is extremely rare in
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<collectingCountry box="[1034,1210,753,775]" name="Netherlands" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="STARCKE" box="[1264,1438,752,776]" firstAuthor="STARCKE" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" pagination="144 - 146" part="12" refId="ref47363" refString="STARCKE, A. 1947: De boreale form van de roode boschmier (Formica rufa rufa) op de Hooge Veluwe. - Entomologische Berichten 12: 144 - 146." title="De boreale form van de roode boschmier (Formica rufa rufa) op de Hooge Veluwe" type="journal article" year="1947">STÄRCKE (1947)</bibRefCitation>
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would have noted the diagnostic pigmentation. Therefore, he would have referred to one of the other three species. The reported presence on extensor profile of tibiae of 5 - 11 setae which are erected by 30 - 45° clearly speaks against
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<taxonomicName authorityName="LINNAEUS" authorityYear="1761" box="[816,894,913,934]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa">
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<emphasis box="[816,894,913,934]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">F. rufa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="FOERSTER" authorityYear="1850" box="[910,1051,913,934]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polyctena">
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<emphasis box="[910,1051,913,934]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">F. polyctena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, or
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<taxonomicName authorityName="FOERSTER" authorityYear="1850" box="[1099,1240,913,934]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polyctena">
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<emphasis box="[1099,1240,913,934]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">F. polyctena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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×
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<taxonomicName authorityName="LINNAEUS" authorityYear="1761" box="[1273,1322,913,934]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa">
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<emphasis box="[1273,1322,913,934]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">rufa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="STARCKE" firstAuthor="STARCKE" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" pagination="144 - 146" part="12" refId="ref47363" refString="STARCKE, A. 1947: De boreale form van de roode boschmier (Formica rufa rufa) op de Hooge Veluwe. - Entomologische Berichten 12: 144 - 146." title="De boreale form van de roode boschmier (Formica rufa rufa) op de Hooge Veluwe" type="journal article" year="1947">STÄRCKE (1947)</bibRefCitation>
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gave no data on pilosity on back of head but he compared his
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<taxonomicName authorityName="STARCKE" authorityYear="1947" box="[974,1135,977,998]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angusticeps">
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<emphasis box="[974,1135,977,998]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">F. angusticeps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with specimens of “
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<taxonomicName authority="rufa" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rufa" subSpecies="rufa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">F. rufa rufa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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” from the Norwegian coast near the Lofoten (
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<geoCoordinate box="[1364,1429,1008,1030]" degrees="68" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" precision="55555" value="68.0">68° N</geoCoordinate>
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) and of “
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<taxonomicName authority="Santschi" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1911" box="[903,1158,1040,1062]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rufa" subSpecies="alpina">
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<emphasis box="[903,1057,1040,1062]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">F. rufa alpina</emphasis>
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Santschi
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</taxonomicName>
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” from the high Alps. For zoogeographical and morphological reasons, his specimens from the Lofoten obviously belonged to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="ZETTERSTEDT" authorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lugubris">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">Formica lugubris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and those from the high Alps to either
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<taxonomicName authorityName="ZETTERSTEDT" authorityYear="1838" box="[1319,1436,1137,1158]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lugubris">
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<emphasis box="[1319,1436,1137,1158]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">F. lugubris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName authorityName="SEIFERT" authorityYear="1996" box="[845,1092,1169,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paralugubris">
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<emphasis box="[845,1092,1169,1190]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">Formica paralugubris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. These data implicate
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<taxonomicName authorityName="STARCKE" authorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angusticeps">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">F. angusticeps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to have a rich overall pilosity as it is typical for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="RETZIUS" authorityYear="1783" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">F. pratensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and to be hairier than in the hairiest
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<taxonomicName authorityName="LINNAEUS" authorityYear="1761" box="[1359,1436,1233,1254]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa">
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<emphasis box="[1359,1436,1233,1254]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="160">F. rufa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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phenotypes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |