treatments-xml/data/F5/2B/87/F52B87F65E28615EFF5EDCDFFEFB1D58.xml
2024-06-21 12:57:59 +02:00

338 lines
31 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4725632" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b9f36fb1-1c9d-4af8-96ca-d57973b94862" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189107704" ID-ISSN="1997-3500" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4725632" approvalRequired="1" checkinTime="1619623649741" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Seifert, Bernhard" docDate="2021" docId="F52B87F65E28615EFF5EDCDFFEFB1D58" docLanguage="en" docName="myrmecNews.31_133-179_printable.pdf" docOrigin="Myrmecological News 31" docSource="http://zoobank.org/0e55c0d7-531a-48d7-a078-148b96bd461d" docTitle="Formica kupyanskayae Bolton 1995" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="164" masterDocId="0912FF8E5E366141FFC9DA41FF91193E" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic members of the Formica rufa group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) - the famous mound-building red wood ants" masterLastPageNumber="179" masterPageNumber="133" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" updateTime="1643400285664" updateUser="diego">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic members of the Formica rufa group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) - the famous mound-building red wood ants</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Seifert, Bernhard</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Myrmecological News</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-04-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>133</mods:start>
<mods:end>179</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://zoobank.org/0e55c0d7-531a-48d7-a078-148b96bd461d</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.25849/myrmecol.news_031:133</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">b9f36fb1-1c9d-4af8-96ca-d57973b94862</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1997-3500</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5582216</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">0E55C0D7-531A-48D7-A078-148B96BD461D</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4725632" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189107704" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4725632" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F52B87F65E28615EFF5EDCDFFEFB1D58" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F52B87F65E28615EFF5EDCDFFEFB1D58" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
<subSubSection box="[151,729,1694,1722]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="30.[151,729,1694,1722]" box="[151,729,1694,1722]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
<heading bold="true" box="[151,729,1694,1722]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" reason="0">
<treatmentCitation box="[151,729,1694,1722]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton, 1995" authorityName="Bolton" authorityYear="1995" box="[151,729,1694,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kupyanskayae">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,729,1694,1722]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,516,1694,1722]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Formica kupyanskayae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="BOLTON" bookContentInfo="504 pp." box="[524,729,1695,1722]" firstAuthor="BOLTON" journalOrPublisher="Harvard University Press, Cambridge &amp; London, UK" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" refId="ref44924" refString="BOLTON, B. 1995: A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. - Harvard University Press, Cambridge &amp; London, UK, 504 pp." title="A new general catalogue of the ants of the world" type="book" year="1995">
<collectingRegion box="[524,643,1695,1721]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bolton" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">BOLTON</collectingRegion>
, 1995
</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="163" type="reference_group">
<paragraph blockId="30.[151,772,1745,2023]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
<treatmentCitation box="[151,586,1745,1767]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton, 1995" authorityName="Bolton" authorityYear="1995" box="[151,586,1745,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kupyanskayae">
<emphasis box="[151,421,1745,1766]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Formica kupyanskayae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="BOLTON" bookContentInfo="504 pp." box="[429,586,1745,1767]" firstAuthor="BOLTON" journalOrPublisher="Harvard University Press, Cambridge &amp; London, UK" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" refId="ref44924" refString="BOLTON, B. 1995: A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. - Harvard University Press, Cambridge &amp; London, UK, 504 pp." title="A new general catalogue of the ants of the world" type="book" year="1995">
<collectingRegion box="[429,519,1745,1766]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bolton" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">BOLTON</collectingRegion>
, 1995
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
[
<typeStatus box="[601,652,1745,1766]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">type</typeStatus>
investigation]
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="30.[151,772,1745,2023]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
Replacement name for
<treatmentCitation pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName authority="KUPYANSKAYA, 1980" authorityName="KUPYANSKAYA" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opacus">
<emphasis box="[415,599,1809,1830]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Formica opacus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation pageId="30" pageNumber="163">KUPYANSKAYA, 1980</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
that is a junior primary homonym of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kupyanskaya" authorityYear="1980" box="[629,724,1841,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaca">
<emphasis box="[629,724,1841,1862]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">F. opaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
NY-
<bibRefCitation box="[151,305,1873,1895]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">LANDER, 1856</bibRefCitation>
(now in
<treatmentCitation box="[398,680,1873,1895]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName authority="MAYR, 1861" authorityName="MAYR" authorityYear="1861" box="[398,680,1873,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[398,540,1873,1894]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Camponotus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation box="[546,680,1873,1895]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">MAYR, 1861</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="163" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="30.[151,772,1745,2023]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3387574308" collectedFrom="lehmiger Hangschutt, Sandboden mit Pioniervegetation" collectingDate="1975-12-07" collectingDateMax="1999-09-14" collectingDateMin="1999-09-03" collectionCode="T, SMN" collectorName="L. Kanter" country="Russia" county="Mt. Lysaya Sopka" elevation="770" latitude="43.24" location="Primorye" longLatPrecision="686" longitude="133.39" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-queen="1" specimenCount-worker="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode box="[189,256,1905,1926]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Type</collectionCode>
material.
<specimenCount box="[422,469,1905,1927]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Five</specimenCount>
<typeStatus box="[477,576,1905,1926]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">paratype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount box="[584,672,1905,1927]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" type="worker">workers</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount box="[730,771,1905,1926]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">two</specimenCount>
<typeStatus box="[151,249,1937,1958]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">paratype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount box="[258,322,1937,1958]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" type="queen">gynes</specimenCount>
from the holotype sample labelled “
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F52B87F65E28615EFF5EDCDFFEFB1D58:785D603B5E28615FFD10DDD0FF4E1EF8" name="Primorye" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Primorye</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F52B87F65E28615EFF5EDCDFFEFB1D58:785D603B5E28615FFF21DDF0FEFF1EF9" box="[232,366,1969,1991]" name="Anisimovka" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Anisimovka</location>
,
<date box="[375,479,1969,1991]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" value="1975-12-07">
<collectingDate box="[375,479,1969,1991]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" value="1975-12-07">12.7.1975</collectingDate>
</date>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F52B87F65E28615EFF5EDCDFFEFB1D58:785D603B5E28615FFE2DDDF0FDE61EF9" box="[484,631,1969,1991]" name="Kupyanskaya" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Kupyanskaya</location>
”, “Paratypus
<taxonomicName authority="Kupyanskaya" authorityName="Kupyanskaya" authorityYear="1980" box="[151,466,2001,2023]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaca">Formica opaca Kupyanskaya</taxonomicName>
”; depository
<collectionCode box="[608,664,2001,2022]" collectionName="SMN" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">SMN</collectionCode>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F52B87F65E28615EFF5EDCDFFEFB1D58:785D603B5E28615FFD57DD90FD7F1ED9" box="[670,750,2001,2023]" name="Gorlitz" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Görlitz</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="30.[816,1438,177,2023]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
All material examined. Numeric phenotypical data were recorded in 10 nest samples with
<specimenCount box="[1314,1436,209,231]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" type="worker">41 workers</specimenCount>
and two gynes plus one isolated gyne. All these originated from Russian Far East. For details, see SI1, SI2, and SI3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="163" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="30.[816,1438,177,2023]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
Geographic range. Known are 10 sites in the Ussuri River / Sichote Alin region and one site in
<collectingRegion box="[1333,1433,337,359]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
. These eleven sites are situated at altitudes of only 180 ± 150 [40, 530] m which is clearly lower than in sympatric
<taxonomicName authority="Seifert, 2021" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2021" box="[816,1043,433,454]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ussuriensis" status="sp.n.">
<emphasis box="[816,1043,433,454]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Formica ussuriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1049,1101,433,454]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<collectionCode box="[1113,1200,433,454]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">ANOVA</collectionCode>
F
<subScript attach="left" box="[1221,1254,442,456]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1,19</subScript>
30.6, p &lt;0.001).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="163" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="30.[816,1438,177,2023]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
Diagnosis of worker (
<tableCitation box="[1177,1263,465,487]" captionStart="Tab" captionStartId="12.[151,191,177,199]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,288,1992]" captionTargetId="graphics-52@12.[151,1437,281,2018]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Tab.2: Workers of species and hybrids similar to Formica rufa and Formica aquilonia; head size and RAV-corrected data for the assumption of each individual having a head size of 1750µm; data given as arithmetic mean ± standard deviation (lower extreme, upper extreme) number of individuals." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/29FD66685E3A614DFF5EDAF0FDB11839" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Tab. 2</tableCitation>
, key). Large, mean and maximum
<collectionCode box="[1060,1090,497,518]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">CS</collectionCode>
over all social
<typeStatus box="[1264,1325,497,518]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">types</typeStatus>
1745 and
<quantity box="[816,914,529,551]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.068" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="2068.0">2068 µm</quantity>
. Scape rather long but less slender than in
<taxonomicName authority=", SL" authorityName="SL" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Formica pratensis</emphasis>
, SL
</taxonomicName>
/
<collectionCode box="[1039,1068,561,582]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">CS</collectionCode>
<subScript attach="left" box="[1067,1105,570,584]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
0.917, SL / Smax
<subScript attach="left" box="[1286,1324,570,584]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
9.78. Petiole width medium, PeW /
<collectionCode box="[1093,1122,593,614]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">CS</collectionCode>
<subScript attach="left" box="[1122,1160,602,616]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
0.476. Setae on eyes long, EyeHL
<subScript attach="left" box="[891,929,634,648]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
<quantity box="[934,1003,625,647]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="35.0">35µm</quantity>
; setae on dorsal plane of scape absent or very few, nSc
<subScript attach="left" box="[959,997,666,680]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
0.68; setae on head margin behind eyes less numerous than in
<taxonomicName box="[1053,1179,689,710]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis box="[1053,1179,689,710]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">F. pratensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but rather long, nCH
<subScript attach="left" box="[1399,1436,698,712]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
5.8, OccHL
<subScript attach="left" box="[944,983,730,744]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
<quantity box="[991,1074,721,742]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="118.0">118 µm</quantity>
; gular setae always present and long, nGu
<subScript attach="left" box="[919,957,762,776]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
7.0, GuHL
<subScript attach="left" box="[1070,1109,762,776]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
<quantity box="[1111,1191,753,774]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.17" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="217.0">217µm</quantity>
; pronotal setae moderately numerous and rather long, nPn
<subScript attach="left" box="[1211,1249,794,808]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
18.9, mPnHL
<subScript attach="left" box="[1398,1436,794,808]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
<quantity box="[816,886,817,838]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="98.0">98µm</quantity>
, number of mesopleural, propodeal, and metanotal setae clearly smaller than in
<taxonomicName box="[1116,1241,849,870]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis box="[1116,1241,849,870]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">F. pratensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but of comparable length, nMes
<subScript attach="left" box="[958,996,890,904]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
6.6, nPr
<subScript attach="left" box="[1088,1126,890,904]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
9.0; mMet
<subScript attach="left" box="[1243,1281,890,904]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
3.4, Methl
<subScript attach="left" box="[1398,1436,890,904]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
<quantity box="[816,899,913,934]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="198.0">198 µm</quantity>
. Pigmentation without specific characters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="30.[816,1438,177,2023]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
Diagnosis of gyne (
<tableCitation box="[1159,1247,945,967]" captionStart="Tab" captionStartId="16.[151,191,177,199]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,256,2005]" captionTargetId="graphics-28@16.[151,1437,249,2018]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Tab.6: Gynes of species and hybrids with sparse pilosity; data given as arithmetic mean ± standard deviation (lower extreme, upper extreme) number of individuals." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/29FD66685E266151FF5EDAF0FDB119D9" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Tab. 6</tableCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[1275,1375,945,967]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="9.[151,197,1753,1775]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,170,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-11@9.[594,1146,882,1245]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs.5-13: (5-ussu) Formica ussuriensis sp.n., worker, holotype, head. (6-ussu) Formica ussuriensis sp.n., worker, holotype, lateral.(7-ussu) Formica ussuriensis sp.n., gyne, head; note the more trapezoid headshape.(8-aqui) Formica aquilonia, gyne, head; note the more rounded head shape.(9-prat) Formica pratensis, worker, neotype, head; note the more reticulate microsculpture of central vertex compared with Formica lugubris (Figs.14, 15), producing a matt surface appearance.(10-prat) Formica pratensis, worker, neotype, lateral aspect. (11-prat) Formica pratensis, gyne, P morph, lateral; almost no setae on head, mesosoma, and first gaster tergite. (12-prat) Formica pratensis, gyne, N morph, lateral; many setae on head, mesosoma, and first gaster tergite. (13-kupy) Formica kupyanskayae, gyne, head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5582236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5582236/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). In many characters similar to
<taxonomicName box="[1108,1309,977,998]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis box="[1108,1309,977,998]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Formica pratensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Very large, mean and maximum
<collectionCode box="[1056,1086,1009,1030]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">CS</collectionCode>
2348 and
<quantity box="[1207,1305,1009,1031]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.386" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="2386.0">2386 µm</quantity>
. Scape very long and slender, SL /
<collectionCode box="[1058,1088,1041,1062]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">CS</collectionCode>
0.903, SL / Smax 9.66, absolute scape length&gt;
<quantity box="[981,1078,1073,1094]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.09" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="2090.0">2090 µm</quantity>
, exceeding data in other species. Setae on eyes long, EyeHL
<quantity box="[1115,1186,1105,1126]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="44.0">44 µm</quantity>
; setae on head margin behind eyes much fewer and shorter than in
<taxonomicName box="[1300,1429,1137,1158]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis box="[1300,1429,1137,1158]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">F. pratensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, nCH 4.8, OccHL
<subScript attach="left" box="[991,1029,1178,1192]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
<quantity box="[1033,1102,1169,1190]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="87.0">87µm</quantity>
; gular setae always present and long, nGu 9.3, GuHL
<quantity box="[1044,1128,1201,1223]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.58" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="258.0">258µm</quantity>
; setae on pronotum very few and short, PnHL
<quantity box="[1011,1082,1232,1254]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="56.0">56 µm</quantity>
; setae number on mesopleuron, metapleuron, petiole above spiracle, frontal face of first gaster tergite, and flexor profile of hind tibia lower than in
<taxonomicName box="[847,983,1329,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis box="[847,983,1329,1350]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">F. pratensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, nMes 2.7, nMet 4.8, nPe 0.2, nGfr 2.3, nHT 2.5; setae length on metapleuron and frontal face of first gaster tergite shorter than in
<taxonomicName authority=", MetHL" authorityName="MetHL" box="[1215,1436,1393,1414]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis box="[1215,1345,1393,1414]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">F. pratensis</emphasis>
, MetHL
</taxonomicName>
<quantity box="[816,899,1424,1446]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="125.0">125 µm</quantity>
, GfrHL
<quantity box="[986,1056,1425,1446]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="44.0">44 µm</quantity>
. All body surfaces matt; dorsum of first gaster tergite with dense pubescence, well-developed transverse microripples, and narrowly spaced foveolae as bases of pubescence hairs, sqPDG 3.6, FodG
<quantity box="[1342,1433,1520,1542]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="20.5">20.5 µm</quantity>
. Most surfaces light reddish brown; posterior dorsum of head and mesonotum dark reddish brown; scutellum, metanotum, and gaster blackish brown, except for light reddish brown frontal face of first gaster tergite.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="30.[816,1438,177,2023]" lastBlockId="31.[151,771,849,1126]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">
Taxonomic comments and clustering results.
<taxonomicName box="[935,1192,1712,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kupyanskayae">
<emphasis box="[935,1192,1712,1734]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Formica kupyanskayae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is obviously the closest known relative of
<taxonomicName box="[1016,1222,1745,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis box="[1016,1222,1745,1766]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Formica pratensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but well separable. The 10 nest samples of
<taxonomicName box="[1082,1274,1776,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kupyanskayae">
<emphasis box="[1082,1274,1776,1798]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">F. kupyanskayae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be clearly separated from 76 nest samples of
<taxonomicName box="[1196,1326,1809,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis box="[1196,1326,1809,1830]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">F. pratensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by all five exploratory data analyses considering the characters
<collectionCode box="[1399,1432,1841,1862]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">CS</collectionCode>
, CL / CW
<subScript attach="right" box="[908,946,1882,1896]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
, SL /
<collectionCode box="[1005,1034,1873,1894]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">CS</collectionCode>
<subScript attach="left" box="[1034,1072,1882,1896]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
, nCH
<subScript attach="right" box="[1133,1171,1882,1896]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
, OccHL
<subScript attach="right" box="[1257,1295,1882,1896]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
, mPnHL
<subScript attach="left" box="[1392,1430,1882,1896]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
, nMet
<subScript attach="left" box="[875,913,1914,1928]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
, MetHL
<subScript attach="left" box="[1008,1046,1914,1928]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
, PeW /
<collectionCode box="[1139,1169,1905,1926]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">CS</collectionCode>
<subScript attach="left" box="[1169,1207,1914,1928]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
, SL / Smax
<subScript attach="left" box="[1341,1379,1914,1928]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
, and nSc
<subScript attach="left" box="[856,894,1946,1960]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">1750</subScript>
(
<figureCitation box="[907,983,1937,1959]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[151,187,657,679]" captionTargetBox="[199,740,175,597]" captionTargetId="graphics-846@31.[199,740,175,597]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig.30: Principal component analysis of 10 nest samples of Formica kupyanskayae (white rhombs) and of 76nest samples of Formica pratensis (black dots). Ten phenotypic characters were considered." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5582275" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5582275/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="163">Fig.30</figureCitation>
). The classification error by an LDA using the same character set was 0.7% in
<specimenCount box="[1216,1341,1969,1991]" pageId="30" pageNumber="163" type="worker">301 worker</specimenCount>
individuals. Gynes of the two species can be strongly separated by a PCA considering the characters SL /
<collectionCode box="[597,630,849,870]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="31" pageNumber="164">CS</collectionCode>
, GfrHL, nPe, nMet, and
<collectionCode box="[269,307,881,902]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="31" pageNumber="164">ML</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode box="[330,363,881,902]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="31" pageNumber="164">CS</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph box="[175,179,505,515]" pageId="31" pageNumber="164">-</paragraph>
<paragraph box="[175,179,547,557]" pageId="31" pageNumber="164">-</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5582275" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5582275" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5582275/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="164" startId="31.[151,187,657,679]" targetBox="[199,740,175,597]" targetPageId="31">
<paragraph blockId="31.[151,772,657,775]" pageId="31" pageNumber="164">
Fig.30: Principal component analysis of 10 nest samples of
<taxonomicName box="[151,391,689,710]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kupyanskayae">
<emphasis box="[151,391,689,710]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="164">Formica kupyanskayae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(white rhombs) and of 76 nest samples of
<taxonomicName box="[176,366,721,742]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis box="[176,366,721,742]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="164">Formica pratensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(black dots). Ten phenotypic characters were considered.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="164" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="31.[151,771,849,1126]" pageId="31" pageNumber="164">
Habitat and biology. There are no data on habitat selection available except for one record reporting a probably monogynous nest found in a bushy grassland with groups of trees. This selection of an open habitat and distribution at low altitudes suggests that it is a rather thermophilous species another character it shares with
<taxonomicName box="[151,355,1105,1126]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis box="[151,355,1105,1126]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="164">Formica pratensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>