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<mods:title>New Species Of Praepusa (Carnivora, Phocidae, Phocinae) From The Netherlands Supports East To West Neogene Dispersal Of True Seals</mods:title>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[176,254,1542,1568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Genus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Kretzoi, 1941" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1941" box="[260,537,1542,1569]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Praepusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[260,373,1542,1568]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Praepusa</emphasis>
Kretzoi, 1941
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<treatmentCitation author="Blainville, H. M. D. de" box="[229,517,1588,1610]" page="42" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" year="1840">
<taxonomicName authority="Blainville, 1840: 41 - 42" authorityName="Blainville" authorityPageNumber="41 - 42" authorityYear="1840" box="[229,517,1588,1610]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[229,287,1588,1610]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Phoca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Blainville, H. M. D. de" box="[292,517,1588,1610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" refId="ref5846" refString="Blainville, H. M. D. de. Osteographie ou description iconographique comparee du squelette et du systeme dentaire des mammiferes recent et fossiles pour servir de base a la zoologie et a la geologie // Atlas; Tome deuxieme. - Paris: J. B. Bailliere et fils-Libraires de l'Academie Imperiale de Medicine, 1839 - 1864. - 19 (part 7. Phoca [= Pinnipeds] published 1840)." type="book" year="1840">Blainville, 1840: 4142</bibRefCitation>
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, pl.10,
<figureCitation box="[585,631,1588,1610]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[166,199,1720,1742]" captionTargetBox="[167,1226,975,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-368@2.[167,1226,967,1693]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Sandpit de Kuilen, location of Mill-Langenboom, in the eastern Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands(Late Miocene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452221/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">fig. 1</figureCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation author="Bruhl, K. B." box="[643,815,1588,1610]" page="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation author="Bruhl, K. B." box="[643,815,1588,1610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref6011" refString="Bruhl, K. B. Phoca holitschensis, der fossile Phocafuss des Pester Universitats-Museums, ein Unicum // Mittheilungen aus dem K. K. Zoologischen Institut der Universitat Pest. - 1860. - 2. - S. 1 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1860">Brühl,1860: 116</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[825,873,1588,1610]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[170,203,1566,1588]" captionTargetBox="[436,948,834,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-313@3.[401,976,817,1541]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Humeri of Praepusa boeska sp. n., MAB 4686 holotype, right humerus, female, Miocene? the Antwerp Basin, Belgium: A —cranial view; B — lateral view; C — medial view; and MAB 4687, left humerus, male, Late Miocene — Early Pliocene (TortonianPiacenzian Stages, 11.53.5 Ma), sandpit de Kuilen (municipality of Mill-Langenboom), Noord-Brabant, S. E. Netherlands; D — cranial view; E — lateral view; F — caudal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452223/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">fig. 2</figureCitation>
; Peters, 1867: 110111;
<collectingRegion box="[1109,1167,1588,1610]" country="Russia" name="Tula" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Toula</collectingRegion>
, 1897: 5570, pl. 2, fig. 911; Trouessart, 1897: 385, 1904: 286;
<treatmentCitation author="Kellogg, R." box="[711,938,1615,1637]" page="119" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" year="1922">
<bibRefCitation author="Kellogg, R." box="[711,938,1615,1637]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" pagination="23 - 132" refId="ref6477" refString="Kellogg, R. Pinnipeds from Miocene and Pleistocene deposits of California // Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences. University of California Publications. - 1922. - 13. - P. 23 - 132." type="book chapter" year="1922">Kellogg, 1922: 119120</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation author="Alekseev, A. K." box="[947,1128,1615,1637]" page="32" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" year="1924">
<bibRefCitation author="Alekseev, A. K." box="[947,1128,1615,1637]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" refId="ref5668" refString="Alekseev, A. K. Seals in the Sarmatian deposits of the southern U. S. S. R. // Journal Nauchno-Issledovatelskich kafedr v Odesse. - 1924. - 1. - P. 26 - 34. - Russian: Aлikсiiv A. K. Tюлiнi v сaрмatсkik otлoziнiik юga Рoссii." type="book" year="1924">Alekseev, 1924: 32</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Bogachev, 1927: 141143, 145; Kretzoi, 1941: 350356,
<figureCitation box="[610,656,1642,1664]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[166,199,1720,1742]" captionTargetBox="[167,1226,975,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-368@2.[167,1226,967,1693]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Sandpit de Kuilen, location of Mill-Langenboom, in the eastern Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands(Late Miocene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452221/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">fig. 1</figureCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation author="Friant, M." box="[668,812,1642,1664]" page="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" year="1947">
<bibRefCitation author="Friant, M." box="[668,812,1642,1664]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref6092" refString="Friant, M. Recherches sur le femur des Phocidae // Bulletin du Musee royal d'Histoire naturelle de Belgique. - 1947. - 23. - P. 1 - 51." type="book chapter" year="1947">Friant, 1947: 7</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 12, 16, 45, 47,
<tableCitation box="[957,1021,1642,1664]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="5.[174,241,175,197]" captionText="Table 2. Measurements of sacrum of Praepusa boeska, mm" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">table 2</tableCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[1030,1110,1642,1664]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[166,199,1720,1742]" captionTargetBox="[167,1226,975,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-368@2.[167,1226,967,1693]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Sandpit de Kuilen, location of Mill-Langenboom, in the eastern Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands(Late Miocene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452221/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">fig. 1ac</figureCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation author="King, J. E." page="131" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" year="1964">
<bibRefCitation author="King, J. E." pageId="1" pageNumber="58" refId="ref6516" refString="King, J. E. Seals of the world. - London: British Museum, Natural History, 1964. - 154 p." type="book" year="1964">King, 1964: 131</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Thenius, 1969: 319; McLaren, 1960: 5152, 56, 58;
<treatmentCitation author="Hendey, Q. B. &amp; Repenning, C. A." box="[729,1024,1668,1690]" page="85" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation author="Hendey, Q. B. &amp; Repenning, C. A." box="[729,1024,1668,1690]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" pagination="71 - 98" refId="ref6397" refString="Hendey, Q. B., Repenning, C. A. A Pliocene Phocid from South Africa // Annals of the South African Museum. - 1972. - 59. - P. 71 - 98." type="book chapter" year="1972">Hendey, Repenning, 1972: 85</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Ray, 1977: 395, 398;
<treatmentCitation author="Grigorescu, D." box="[176,393,1695,1717]" page="407" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" year="1977">
<bibRefCitation author="Grigorescu, D." box="[176,393,1695,1717]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" pagination="407 - 419" refId="ref6375" refString="Grigorescu, D. Paratethyan seals // Systematic Zoology. - 1977. - 25 - P. 407 - 419." type="book chapter" year="1977">Grigorescu, 1977: 407</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 412, 417; Nicolas, 1978: 456; Muizon, 1982:190, 205.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[176,1235,1588,1850]" box="[229,706,1722,1744]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1840" box="[238,296,1722,1744]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[238,296,1722,1744]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Phoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” — McLaren, 1975: 44; Mitchell, 1975:23.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[176,1235,1588,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName authority="Kretzoi, 1941: 351 - 356" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityPageNumber="351 - 356" authorityYear="1941" box="[229,547,1748,1770]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Praepusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[229,317,1749,1770]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Praepusa</emphasis>
Kretzoi, 1941: 351356
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation box="[556,601,1748,1770]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[166,199,1720,1742]" captionTargetBox="[167,1226,975,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-368@2.[167,1226,967,1693]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Sandpit de Kuilen, location of Mill-Langenboom, in the eastern Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands(Late Miocene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452221/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">fig. 1</figureCitation>
; McLaren, 1960: 5556, 59; Thenius, 1969: 404;
<bibRefCitation author="Grigorescu, D." pageId="1" pageNumber="58" pagination="407 - 419" refId="ref6375" refString="Grigorescu, D. Paratethyan seals // Systematic Zoology. - 1977. - 25 - P. 407 - 419." type="book chapter" year="1977">Grigorescu, 1977: 407</bibRefCitation>
, 412, 417; Antoniuk, Koretsky, 1984: 2729,
<figureCitation box="[646,717,1775,1797]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="2.[166,199,1720,1742]" captionStartId-1="3.[170,203,1566,1588]" captionStartId-2="4.[166,199,1677,1699]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1226,975,1693]" captionTargetBox-1="[436,948,834,1522]" captionTargetBox-2="[385,1009,1049,1653]" captionTargetId-0="figure-368@2.[167,1226,967,1693]" captionTargetId-1="figure-313@3.[401,976,817,1541]" captionTargetId-2="figure-9@4.[363,1028,1039,1664]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Sandpit de Kuilen, location of Mill-Langenboom, in the eastern Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands(Late Miocene)." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Humeri of Praepusa boeska sp. n., MAB 4686 holotype, right humerus, female, Miocene? the Antwerp Basin, Belgium: A —cranial view; B — lateral view; C — medial view; and MAB 4687, left humerus, male, Late Miocene — Early Pliocene (TortonianPiacenzian Stages, 11.53.5 Ma), sandpit de Kuilen (municipality of Mill-Langenboom), Noord-Brabant, S. E. Netherlands; D — cranial view; E — lateral view; F — caudal view." captionText-2="Fig. 3. Sacrum of Praepusa boeska sp. n., RGM 629552, collection of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden (NL). ZanclianPiacenzian (Pliocene), Antwerp Basin, Belgium: A — ventral view; B — dorsal view; C — cranial view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452221" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452223" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452225" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6452221/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6452223/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6452225/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">fig. 13</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Koretsky, I. A." box="[727,942,1775,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" refId="ref6608" refString="Koretsky, I. A. The position of the genus Praepusa in the Phocinae systemю - Kiev, 1987 b. - P. 3 - 7. (Preprint / Akademii Nauk Ukrainian SSR. Institute of Zoology; 12). - Russian: Koрitkai I. A. Poлoziнii рoda Praepusa v сiсtiмi Phocinae." type="book" year="1987">Koretsky, 1987 b: 36</bibRefCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[951,994,1775,1797]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[166,199,1720,1742]" captionTargetBox="[167,1226,975,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-368@2.[167,1226,967,1693]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Sandpit de Kuilen, location of Mill-Langenboom, in the eastern Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands(Late Miocene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452221/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">fig.1</figureCitation>
; 2001: 4655, fig. 1830; 2003: 6370,
<figureCitation box="[308,380,1802,1824]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStartId-0="2.[166,199,1720,1742]" captionStartId-1="3.[170,203,1566,1588]" captionStartId-2="4.[166,199,1677,1699]" captionStartId-3="7.[174,207,731,753]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1226,975,1693]" captionTargetBox-1="[436,948,834,1522]" captionTargetBox-2="[385,1009,1049,1653]" captionTargetBox-3="[339,1067,176,703]" captionTargetId-0="figure-368@2.[167,1226,967,1693]" captionTargetId-1="figure-313@3.[401,976,817,1541]" captionTargetId-2="figure-9@4.[363,1028,1039,1664]" captionTargetId-3="figure-283@7.[315,1089,162,717]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Sandpit de Kuilen, location of Mill-Langenboom, in the eastern Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands(Late Miocene)." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Humeri of Praepusa boeska sp. n., MAB 4686 holotype, right humerus, female, Miocene? the Antwerp Basin, Belgium: A —cranial view; B — lateral view; C — medial view; and MAB 4687, left humerus, male, Late Miocene — Early Pliocene (TortonianPiacenzian Stages, 11.53.5 Ma), sandpit de Kuilen (municipality of Mill-Langenboom), Noord-Brabant, S. E. Netherlands; D — cranial view; E — lateral view; F — caudal view." captionText-2="Fig. 3. Sacrum of Praepusa boeska sp. n., RGM 629552, collection of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden (NL). ZanclianPiacenzian (Pliocene), Antwerp Basin, Belgium: A — ventral view; B — dorsal view; C — cranial view." captionText-3="Fig. 4. Geographical and palaeogeographical locations of the studied area with arrows indicating dispersals of different species of the genus Praepusa from the Eastern Paratethys westward: 1 — Praepusa vindobonensis: Western Kazakhstan and Austria, Middle Miocene, early Sarmatian (16.511.2 Ma); 2 — Pr. vindobonensis (= tarchankutica): Ukraine and Moldova, Middle Miocene, middle Sarmatian (13.612.3 Ma); 3 — Pr. pannonica: Moldova and Hungary, Middle Miocene, early-middle Sarmatian (12.311.2 Ma). 4 — Pr. magyaricus: Vienna Basin, middle Sarmatian, Middle Miocene (13.612.3 Ma); 5 — Pr. boeska: The Netherlands and Belgium, Late Miocene — Early Pliocene (11.63.2 Ma)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452221" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452223" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452225" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452227" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6452221/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6452223/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6452225/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/6452227/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">fig. 14</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Koretsky, I. A. &amp; Ray, C. E." box="[389,621,1802,1824]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" pagination="17 - 26" refId="ref6667" refString="Koretsky, I. A., Ray, C. E. Cryptophoca, new genus for Phoca maeotica (Mammalia: Pinnipedia: Phocinae) from Upper Miocene deposits in the Northern Black Sea region // Proceeding of the Biological Society of Washington. - 1994. - 107. - P. 17 - 26." type="book chapter" year="1994">Koretsky, Ray, 1994: 20</bibRefCitation>
; McKenna, Bell, 1997: 257.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[176,1235,1588,1850]" box="[229,1021,1828,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName authorityName="True" authorityYear="1906" box="[229,338,1828,1850]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Leptophoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[229,338,1828,1850]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Leptophoca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
? — Ray, 1977: 395, 398; Savage, Russell, 1983: 292; Muizon, 1992: 35.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1225,175,938]" box="[219,1018,175,202]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
T y p e s p e c i e s.
<taxonomicName authority="Kretzoi, 1941: 351 - 356" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityPageNumber="351 - 356" authorityYear="1941" box="[434,943,175,202]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Praepusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pannonica">
<emphasis box="[434,671,176,201]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Praepusa pannonica</emphasis>
Kretzoi, 1941:351356
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation box="[954,1018,175,202]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[166,199,1720,1742]" captionTargetBox="[167,1226,975,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-368@2.[167,1226,967,1693]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Sandpit de Kuilen, location of Mill-Langenboom, in the eastern Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands(Late Miocene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452221/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">fig. 1.</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1225,175,938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
I n c l u d e d s p e c i e s.
<taxonomicName authority="Kretzoi, 1941" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1941" box="[497,899,207,234]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Praepusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pannonica">
<emphasis box="[497,734,208,233]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Praepusa pannonica</emphasis>
Kretzoi, 1941
</taxonomicName>
, from the early-middle Sarmatian (Middle Miocene) of
<collectingCountry box="[513,618,239,266]" name="Hungary" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Hungary</collectingCountry>
and from the middle Sarmatian of
<collectingCountry box="[1041,1149,239,266]" name="Moldova" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Moldova</collectingCountry>
;
<taxonomicName authority="Toula, 1897" authorityName="Toula" authorityYear="1897" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Praepusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vindobonensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Praepusa vindobonensis</emphasis>
Toula, 1897
</taxonomicName>
from the early Sarmatian of
<collectingCountry box="[882,969,271,298]" name="Austria" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Austria</collectingCountry>
(Nussdorf) and from the middle Sarmatian of the
<collectingCountry box="[499,595,303,330]" name="Ukraine" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry box="[653,761,303,330]" name="Moldova" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Moldova</collectingCountry>
;
<taxonomicName authority="Koretsky, 2003" authorityName="Koretsky" authorityYear="2003" box="[772,1129,303,330]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Praepusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magyaricus">
<emphasis box="[772,945,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Pr. magyaricus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Koretsky, I. A." box="[951,1129,303,330]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" pagination="63 - 70" refId="ref6865" refString="Koretsky, I. A. New finds of Sarmatian seals (Mammalia: Carnivora: Phocinae) from southern Hungary // Advances in Vertebrate Paleontology / Eds A. Petrulescu, E. Stiuca. - Bucharest, 2003. - P. 63 - 70." type="book chapter" year="2003">Koretsky, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Sarmatian age of the Vienna Basin.
<taxonomicName authority="Koretsky &amp; Peters &amp; Rahmat, 2015" authorityName="Koretsky &amp; Peters &amp; Rahmat" authorityYear="2015" box="[502,693,335,361]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Praepusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boeska" status="sp.n.">
<emphasis box="[502,693,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Praepusa boeska</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[698,755,335,362]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, from the Late Miocene — Late Pliocene (TortonianPiacenzian Stages, 11.53.5 Ma) sandpit de Kuilen, Mill-Langenboom, Noord-
<collectingRegion box="[166,262,399,426]" country="Netherlands" name="Noord-Brabant" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Brabant</collectingRegion>
, S. E.
<collectingCountry box="[331,478,399,426]" name="Netherlands" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
; and Pliocene and Miocene? of the Antwerp Basin,
<collectingCountry box="[1081,1183,399,426]" name="Belgium" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Belgium</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1225,175,938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
E m e n d e d a n d e x p a n d e d d i a g n o s i s. Cranial diagnosis the same as for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Toula" authorityYear="1897" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Praepusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vindobonensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Praepusa vindobonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; mandibular diagnosis the same as for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1941" box="[848,1012,464,489]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Praepusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pannonica">
<emphasis box="[848,1012,464,489]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Pr. pannonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1225,175,938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Deltoid crest of humerus has shape of sharp blade; lesser tubercle elongated along axis of bone; head width to height ratio greater than 0.964; lateral epicondyle reaches distal part of deltoid crest.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1225,175,938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Greater trochanter of femur considerably higher than head; its proximal and distal parts approximately of equal width; trochanteric fossa wide and medially open, but deep; head slightly deflected distally and seated on narrow, long neck; minimal width of diaphysis in middle part of bone; maximal intercondylar distance 12.015.8 % of femoral length.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1225,175,938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
Sacrum consists of three fused short vertebrae with smaller alas, and narrower bases than in
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Van Beneden" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[197,317,751,777]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phocanella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[197,317,751,777]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Phocanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; cranial articular processes (
<emphasis box="[637,958,751,777]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">processus articularis cranialis</emphasis>
) shorter, flattened with square bases; foramina smaller, wider and shorter, base not round, but rectangular shape; lateral sacral crests oblong in shape, more elongated and reaching above second dorsal foraminae, in contrast to
<taxonomicName box="[291,502,847,873]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phocanella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pumilla">
<emphasis box="[291,502,847,873]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Phocanella pumilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
where crests reach only lower (distal) part of foramina.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1225,175,938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
D i s c u s s i o n. Extensive investigations of seal fossils from several Middle — Late Miocene deposits of Western Europe allow a more accurate diagnosis of the genus
<emphasis box="[1162,1225,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Prae-</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452221" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6452221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452221/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" startId="2.[166,199,1720,1742]" targetBox="[167,1226,975,1693]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1227,1720,1769]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 1. Sandpit de Kuilen, location of Mill-Langenboom, in the eastern Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands(Late Miocene).</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="2.[166,1227,1790,1838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
Рис. 1. Песчаный подводный карьер «Де-Кёйлен», муниципалитет Милл-Лангенбом, провинция
<collectingRegion isEnumeration="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Северный Брабант, Голландия</collectingRegion>
(поздний миоцен).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1233,175,394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis box="[174,228,176,201]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">pusa</emphasis>
due to similar humeral characters in: 1)
<taxonomicName authority="Toula, 1897" authorityName="Toula" authorityYear="1897" box="[726,1160,175,202]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Praepusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="3" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vindobonensis">
<emphasis box="[726,1007,175,201]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">Praepusa vindobonensis</emphasis>
Toula, 1897
</taxonomicName>
: from
<collectingCountry box="[174,264,207,234]" name="Austria" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">Austria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry box="[276,415,207,234]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry box="[427,526,207,234]" name="Ukraine" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry box="[590,695,207,234]" name="Moldova" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">Moldova</collectingCountry>
(Middle Miocene); 2)
<taxonomicName authority="Kretzoi, 1941" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1941" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Praepusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="3" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pannonica">
<emphasis box="[966,1130,208,233]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">Pr. pannonica</emphasis>
Kretzoi, 1941
</taxonomicName>
: from the early-middle Sarmatian (Middle Miocene) of
<collectingCountry box="[879,984,239,266]" name="Hungary" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">Hungary</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry box="[1040,1148,239,266]" name="Moldova" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">Moldova</collectingCountry>
; and 3)
<taxonomicName authority="Koretsky, 2003" authorityName="Koretsky" authorityYear="2003" box="[174,533,271,298]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Praepusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="3" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magyaricus">
<emphasis box="[174,347,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">Pr. magyaricus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Koretsky, I. A." box="[354,533,271,298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="60" pagination="63 - 70" refId="ref6865" refString="Koretsky, I. A. New finds of Sarmatian seals (Mammalia: Carnivora: Phocinae) from southern Hungary // Advances in Vertebrate Paleontology / Eds A. Petrulescu, E. Stiuca. - Bucharest, 2003. - P. 63 - 70." type="book chapter" year="2003">Koretsky, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: from the Middle Miocene of the Vienna Basin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1233,175,394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">
G e o l o g i c a l a g e a n d d i s t r i b u t i o n. Middle Miocene of the southern part of Eastern and Central Europe; Late Miocene to Late Pliocene (TortonianPiacenzian Stages, 11.53.5 Ma) of the Eastern shore of the North Atlantic,
<collectingCountry box="[837,1033,367,394]" name="Netherlands" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry box="[1090,1192,367,394]" name="Belgium" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">Belgium</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>