336 lines
33 KiB
XML
336 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-231-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0D762CF99C605B04AF072C867EEB1488" ModsDocID="1314-2003-231-1" checkinTime="1693383686345" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Knapp, Sandra, Saerkinen, Tiina & Barboza, Gloria E." docDate="2023" docId="BE9ECF48476BAF51875931175B63BCFB" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 231: 1-342" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 231" docPubDate="2023-08-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894" docTitle="Solanum pseudoamericanum Särkinen, P. Gonzáles & S. Knapp, PhytoKeys 31: 10. 2013." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="0D762CF99C605B04AF072C867EEB1488" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="0D762CF99C605B04AF072C867EEB1488" masterDocTitle="A revision of the South American species of the Morelloid clade (Solanum L., Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1693383686345" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A64CCD7F6DEC88E92AB73C68330FE877">
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<mods:title id="42CE138482A2D9CCB4156BA5301A6B64">A revision of the South American species of the Morelloid clade (Solanum L., Solanaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="23EF785EF77E5C688476AB5EABFCDCCE" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="083BB88795848C2203FAD44F0768AE2D">Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="630C35C4CE828E9941FC1B717A40FBA5">Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1ED73EBC2336D23F1DA9C2BA0320F321" type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="83BCF4ACB0BF5A75C3BB34758C211103">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6A041C53068D22F5716CFCABA3783B97">Saerkinen, Tiina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B0C2E4A453E5E8390D41B0A2D35229AB" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6956-3093</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="1FFCC48DACB673D362420CF90268C0D6">Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH 3 5 LR, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="179EDA58543A9FE59CBA3D3F44E8C84C">Barboza, Gloria E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EAF06A6B6EA9A15AAB310345A36FC132" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-036X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="55273DC0EEE84178420D701611C82B7F">Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="30D0412D2780D6B2D03BA9873F1EAAB9">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="84BFB39E24F2B104FB194D3F3BA496D1">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="365BD69ECADF6CB98FDB53C692A19C7B">2023-08-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A38EC82C27EB612FD1E928B212C974A3">231</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="840EE35DBEE0DCC62DAE520C9662C99F">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="FED5FBBAB670635CB3272BE12C78E293">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B2B3C0F12A2E9DB0A5ABBDF77A47B57C" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3ED8A75D986DBCC9905D1C640FC81ED3" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-231-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="BE9ECF48476BAF51875931175B63BCFB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE9ECF48476BAF51875931175B63BCFB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BE9ECF48476BAF51875931175B63BCFB" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection id="F5AAF2B3E33BFC492B740C7A5AD1E8EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E22D2A5499BE41DD14CF5B6572C766EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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44.
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<taxonomicName id="86090352E2B3F57CB73C60A8AB8C58B9" ID-CoL="6Z5JQ" ID-ENA="2835113" authority="Saerkinen, P. Gonzales & S. Knapp, PhytoKeys 31: 10. 2013." authorityName="Särkinen, P. Gonzáles & S. Knapp, PhytoKeys 31: 10. 2013." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pseudoamericanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoamericanum">
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Solanum pseudoamericanum
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<normalizedToken id="EF65837E81FBA18D109A677D0A8F47F8" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
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, P.
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<normalizedToken id="3C774DCB82897A96305DDA832CD791AA" originalValue="Gonzáles">Gonzales</normalizedToken>
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& S.Knapp, PhytoKeys 31: 10. 2013.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BF6EB4161E85A0B551D6A7AFD87EE3FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9871FF3608146B9D75A688741DDA8B96" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation id="EAAF0A0E943F4FD7DBCC434B57DB1593" captionStart="Figure 134" captionStartId="F134" captionText="Figure 134. Solanum pseudoamericanum A flowering and fruiting habit B detail of adaxial leaf surface C detail of abaxial leaf surface D flower bud E dissected flower F fruit (A-F Knapp et al. 10300, Knapp et al. 10351). Illustration by R. Wise. Previously published in Saerkinen et al. (2013: 13)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure134" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897595" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 134</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="415EB13DF8516B16C1216FC8B362E8E6" captionStart="Figure 135" captionStartId="F135" captionText="Figure 135. Solanum pseudoamericanum A habit B ridged stem C inflorescence with buds and flowers at full anthesis D maturing fruits (A Saerkinen et al. 4640 B Knapp et al. 10357 C, D Knapp et al. 10300). Photos by S. Knapp and T. Saerkinen. Previously published in Saerkinen et al. (2013: 15)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure135" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897596" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 135</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C73D8D8823BBF82B90D81E46031BE3D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E78289381A1A235A5890BD3587DD6841" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus id="04078D43DD134D554FB941D055BD516B">Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6071596A283BEB00BA6C519A341660DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation id="C965250C5754DA0D2A89A14D28CCDF4F" collectingDate="2013-05-09" collectorName="S. Knapp, T. Saerkinen, H. M. Baden, P. Gonzales, E. Perales" country="Peru" elevation="2649" latitude="-7.611944" location="Cajabamba" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.05778" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cajamarca" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="F38EECB3DC810BE45DD14CAF45056D72" name="Peru">Peru</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="C8E6689663A42C0315DD631ED56905A2" country="Peru" name="Cajamarca">Cajamarca</collectingRegion>
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: Prov. Cajabamba, in town of
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<location id="3E3C147B1B6F81DF94B4116401399F7B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE9ECF48476BAF51875931175B63BCFB:3E3C147B1B6F81DF94B4116401399F7B" country="Peru" latitude="-7.611944" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.05778" name="Cajabamba" stateProvince="Cajamarca">Cajabamba</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="72230B6610EB7764376C966E87EC2210" degrees="7" direction="south" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="-7.611944">7°36'43"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B10E9620BBA0A214E88B840187346984" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-78.05778">78°03'28"W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="04E643B20CA1F4CE3A43062295A9942D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.649" unit="m" value="2649.0">
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<elevation id="69F9D4F30A6E44D3DD6DC81FB8E6ECF1" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.649" unit="m" value="2649.0">2,649 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate id="61BFB9A5651E7D2CA412DCB7EFA29BE0" value="2013-05-09">9 May 2013</collectingDate>
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,
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<emphasis id="E320E231613FB34A0E618726D2E28AB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectorName id="F962B3F51F8273AE2030CBD267506243">S. Knapp</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="CE24B8D3E0A8A7A41353BE247D4B5FA2">
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T.
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<normalizedToken id="878E604C512A15817C3A6F3D456532E7" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
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</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="08CF3F237D1CD744A7AAE663EEE31D08">H.M. Baden</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="83721EDEA55292681F26F8F9CFD81D87">
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P.
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<normalizedToken id="42B4B91870FB10833A4175A52AB4DA76" originalValue="Gonzáles">Gonzales</normalizedToken>
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</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName id="0B9A671AA59958B056E38BAE1A43C78A">E. Perales</collectorName>
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10575
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="998816C0E706AE299A6444657C8B1C80">holotype</typeStatus>
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USM; isotypes BM [BM001120840], CORD [CORD00006824], CPUN, E [E00700636], HUT)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="F4DA787ED80AAF367A893B8466CAA53F" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure134" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897595" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 134" startId="F134">
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<paragraph id="B47CE2DBEE89038A9327DB2DE8DBD335" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="85614A587BDE32C314203EEBB98DEA41" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 134.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="20F16E3C4D8F7658B333C5BB3CBD5648" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pseudoamericanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoamericanum">
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<emphasis id="0975F8EE768A7BFFD4370C9277F9F9F9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum pseudoamericanum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="1A3132568094BD5A6FC0989431633809" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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flowering and fruiting habit
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<emphasis id="1AF0A18B0AC2157652D04813ED916EE4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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detail of adaxial leaf surface
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<emphasis id="C8F28C94C87FB25650BE19DDD1EB5D7E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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detail of abaxial leaf surface
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<emphasis id="2F294B9FB442BD8E48D683FE79D1EE64" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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flower bud
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<emphasis id="B9BCA807485396DD8C23083B3C0BA2BA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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dissected flower
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<emphasis id="4E9D5B7938BD061B8EE0FB3813F75974" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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fruit (
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<emphasis id="B30B78E882D069AC119B69481D102473" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-F</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5AD1E41B2B8A2FAB927578EAE6D3F9B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Knapp et al. 10300</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="BF5204FA09ABCA1CAC36F70DDE4FD50A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Knapp et al. 10351</emphasis>
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). Illustration by R. Wise. Previously published in
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<bibRefCitation id="45C8B3D2234A38DE463B4DA2A9EE2D66" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-214" author="Saerkinen, T" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B204" refString="Saerkinen, T, Olmstead, RG, Bohs, L, Knapp, S, 2013. A phylogenetic framework for evolutionary study of the nightshades (Solanaceae): A dated 1000-tip tree. BMC Evolutionary Biology 13(1): e214. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-214" title="A phylogenetic framework for evolutionary study of the nightshades (Solanaceae): A dated 1000 - tip tree. BMC Evolutionary Biology 13 (1): e 214." url="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-214" year="2013">
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<normalizedToken id="9726A7605381EE236A99A0E0CA1EC252" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
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et al. (2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 13).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8D54F43B7A1A36291D7601279B35763A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B6A074639CD30CC53BEDF6164995C4AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D854EED4F756216269812B78008B95E4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Herb with woody base, 0.2-0.6 m high, the individual stems to 1 m long and sprawling. Stems terete or somewhat angled with ridges, pubescent with simple, uniseriate 1-4-celled trichomes, these often clustered along the stem angles; new growth densely pubescent with appressed 1-4-celled simple, uniseriate trichomes 0.2-0.8 mm long. Sympodial units difoliate, not geminate. Leaves simple and shallowly toothed, the blades 4.5-12(-15) cm long, 1.8-8 cm wide, ovate to elliptic, widest near or just below the middle, membranous, somewhat discolorous; adaxial surface sparsely pubescent with more or less appressed 1-4-celled translucent simple, uniseriate trichomes, these denser along the veins; abaxial surface more densely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the upper surface; principal veins 5-8 pairs; base acute and decurrent on the petiole; margins entire or occasionally with shallow lobes in the basal third; apex acute; petiole 0.5-2.5(-5) cm long, occasionally narrowly winged, sparsely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the stems and leaves. Inflorescences internodal, unbranched or forked, 1-2.5 cm long, with 3-5(9) flowers, sparsely pubescent with appressed 1-2-celled simple uniseriate trichomes; peduncle 0.4-1.6 cm long, if the inflorescence branched, then the peduncle of each branch 0.4-0.6 cm long; pedicels 0.6-0.7 cm long, ca. 0.3 mm in diameter at the base and apex, straight and spreading, articulated at the base; pedicel scars spaced ca. 1 mm apart. Buds globose, the corolla only exserted from the calyx tube just before anthesis. Flowers 5-merous, cosexual (hermaphroditic). Calyx tube ca. 1 mm long, the lobes 0.5-0.7 mm long with rounded apices, sparsely pubescent with 1-4-celled translucent simple uniseriate trichomes. Corolla 0.5-0.6 cm in diameter, stellate, white with a yellow central portion near the base, lobed slightly less than halfway to the base, the lobes ca. 1.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, strongly reflexed at anthesis, later spreading, densely pubescent abaxially with 1-4-celled simple uniseriate trichomes, these usually shorter than the trichomes of the stems and leaves. Stamens equal; filament tube minute, pubescent with tangled uniseriate trichomes adaxially; free portion of the filaments ca. 1 mm long, pubescent like the tube; anthers 1-1.5 mm long, 0.7-0.8 mm wide, ellipsoid, yellow, poricidal at the tips, the pores lengthening to slits with age. Ovary conical, glabrous; style 3-4 mm long, straight, somewhat long-exserted beyond the anther cone, densely pubescent with 2-3-celled simple uniseriate trichomes at the base; stigma globose and capitate, minutely papillate, bright green in live plants. Fruit a globose berry, 0.4-0.9 cm in diameter, green at maturity or green and turning purplish black when ripe, the pericarp not markedly shiny, opaque, glabrous; fruiting pedicels 0.4-0.7 cm long, ca. 1 mm in diameter at the base, ca. 1.2 mm in diameter at the apex, spreading and becoming somewhat more woody in fruit, persistent and usually remaining on the plant after fruit drops; fruiting calyx lobes spreading or appressed to the berry, not reflexed. Seeds 35-45 per berry, 1.2-1.5 mm long, 0.9-1 mm wide, flattened-reniform, yellowish straw-coloured, the surfaces minutely pitted, the testal cells pentagonal in outline. Stone cells absent. Chromosome number: not known.</paragraph>
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<caption id="7514A157880CE5BFC15A7356C9F79F0B" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure135" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897596" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 135" startId="F135">
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<paragraph id="5C8C7D07A68942A07DF34BFBEA9C222C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="2D1E4F23592C9005358CC9D29ECD507E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 135.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="0AE4F6C6631E4E696A86AAC75F187D3D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pseudoamericanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoamericanum">
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<emphasis id="E0A98037FBCCCF52B8342442D2A14FE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum pseudoamericanum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="7016541737304787B0224702FE839208" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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habit
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<emphasis id="034731894F58A8499E1E91201835A91B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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ridged stem
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<emphasis id="FACF2286AE62DECC01867E47FCAD029D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
inflorescence with buds and flowers at full anthesis
|
|
<emphasis id="98259F48863E3F51ECDE6AE685CF28B8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
maturing fruits (
|
|
<emphasis id="1C96A207BA3810395ABC2F89E7C11994" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis id="A644A327255E613EDBC7A45D954CF550" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="4016D5943E8172777A36F9C5F8EE14D9" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. 4640
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis id="A8981F17BC2E855C6B6DF8CCD0E09A83" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis id="65F2DFC1D40D1A9114B7A41E313B6C78" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Knapp et al. 10357</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis id="F1B7EB92FE190CDE0606A059780BE4B4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis id="4B186C692E558C150FA9D4CED8047F74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Knapp et al. 10300</emphasis>
|
|
). Photos by S. Knapp and T.
|
|
<normalizedToken id="4BDE65FCF9CDBCEB9380856F8504A37C" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
|
|
. Previously published in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="122919115B437E784E8E12082F410941" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-214" author="Saerkinen, T" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B204" refString="Saerkinen, T, Olmstead, RG, Bohs, L, Knapp, S, 2013. A phylogenetic framework for evolutionary study of the nightshades (Solanaceae): A dated 1000-tip tree. BMC Evolutionary Biology 13(1): e214. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-214" title="A phylogenetic framework for evolutionary study of the nightshades (Solanaceae): A dated 1000 - tip tree. BMC Evolutionary Biology 13 (1): e 214." url="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-214" year="2013">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="05FE3E00FFF5F03C5AE5EF4BC47EF8CD" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. (2013
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 15).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="3224AC005D6C9423F17AC50BC9F851BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="9CF0BA84996FC1C99C9A9419F8C6CE4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="DD4ACF9AEA8E934AEC466B69251FC52C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="D622061456D87912FD551C8C15AD304F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
(Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="7F137DD8515FED5FAE599768C3AFA4C6" captionStart="Figure 136" captionStartId="F136" captionText="Figure 136. Distribution map of Solanum pseudoamericanum." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897597" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">136</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4F47581916AD27EBACB0D87BF2405F2F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pseudoamericanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoamericanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="CF02F046B22610D28298F000798B32B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum pseudoamericanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
occurs from southern Ecuador (Prov. Imbabura), throughout Andean Peru (Depts. Amazonas, Ancash,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="7D7614CAA0000C76EA96425E8B3885E3" originalValue="Apurímac">Apurimac</normalizedToken>
|
|
, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cusco,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="345B1A005997792B4DE1C1A0BC2EE953" originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
|
|
, La Libertad, Lima, Pasco, Piura) to northern Bolivia (Dept. La Paz).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="61F932ED8DD5497A7BC3C35D80BC6545" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897597" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 136" startId="F136">
|
|
<paragraph id="524A2627AC68EEF377A9575043B91D84" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="77C6DCB1C18CE6A565908C838BFDEB97" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 136.</emphasis>
|
|
Distribution map of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="56209EB5968492ECFDF29FBFDAF98050" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pseudoamericanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoamericanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="7EF25EE6A6B1E58C7CB352EB4D44BD52" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum pseudoamericanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="CC4C7B3DB6B0CEA64E43CCA979E9B60F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
|
|
<paragraph id="6F2E480BD1D89CE4C61266F00ACFF265" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology and habitat.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="76372658BA3E97FD8EB2E8583D268735" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="526C4C9466D8BF82828B5C6CCAA70F08" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pseudoamericanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoamericanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="C150164AE17F12FB313D8EC671C3302F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum pseudoamericanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
grows in the upper zones of seasonally dry tropical forests to mid-elevation montane forests, commonly growing in sandy soils in full sun or partial shade in disturbed sites such as landslides and roadsides or cultivated areas, often in moist depressions in otherwise dry areas, from (930-)1,700 to 3,200(-3,735) m in elevation. A single anonymous collection recorded as occurring at 100 m elevation in the Department of Lima may be a label error.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="35519D9EE49CC6C32713F3757F94979C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
|
|
<paragraph id="B30225A7BFC07C3BB5C7933A0557D346" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="2360C42A016E2F41718A375E75AFDBED" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Peru. Ancash: atoqpa papan (
|
|
<emphasis id="CF07E7BA9FF4EE86257CB565DB7845FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gamarra 416</emphasis>
|
|
); Amazonas: hierba mora (
|
|
<emphasis id="A4925FABEA313480FAD5E19E24B3B9D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="86C611BDC04FA03391E23BB6A40C1448" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
|
Llatas 8155
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
); Lima: hierba mora (
|
|
<emphasis id="64516FC7391B783DA6676C2958EA824C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vilcapoma 1649a, 5330</emphasis>
|
|
). No uses recorded.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="CBA5CFD19DF609ADB0457274DECAFA86" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
|
<paragraph id="F85171402E0DF90DF981B2B45675B342" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="2D571DB100355B506947CAE9F5609D51" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="FC4A00F08B60D7A0D7C3B18A5FB7859D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="971DF9A0D9150C6AE293A1E4B2AEB539" author="Ibarrola, DA" journalOrPublisher="Nueva Serie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" refId="B116" refString="2022. . https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" url="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" year="2022">IUCN 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Least Concern [LC]. EOO = 668,293 km2 [LC]; AOO = 180 km2 [EN].
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1CAC2952BAADA76F2970A9C8137FD480" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pseudoamericanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoamericanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="B7D31BD9E98A048853BF0ABBD2239640" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum pseudoamericanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, previously unrecognised as distinct from the widespread
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0242B45FDC15E361240A3C6DB3A51F25" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="2CC24410C397465E5BFAF196D3AAE479" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, has been collected more often since its description, increasing the range and number of populations greatly.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B94471AC7ACA620BF003A0B5EF1BD488" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pseudoamericanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoamericanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="75A090A7F132057A979073FCD630F68E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum pseudoamericanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
occurs in at least one protected area in Peru (e.g., Lomas de Lachay).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="F4DA8428124F032E9DB94FF27AA25D4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="E63506E32373E1D913F6D12462EE96C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="BBEA86B6F319B24610289E4C7CEC41FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EA5A3F7A3605FD1470B90E79647F5F9A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pseudoamericanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoamericanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="DC0C521A46EAE7C88CE398570547D1B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum pseudoamericanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be distinguished from the similar
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E22BF56D3BB6C7F0FC1CDE4643A0A194" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="46179341CB6F8FB110BFC240AE8A40DB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the following suite of characters; berries that are matte or somewhat shiny at maturity, versus very shiny in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="780B8F53113C839237F6AF6E8B06747B" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="2D57A736CF5606A07A731F8C4439B1EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, styles that are always exserted to approximately equal to the length of the anther cone, versus styles almost included in the anther cone in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F009028B4E1067B87114101C549F4FBC" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="4E44F25377FE59F46642CA522BA7D969" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and the globose, bright green stigmas, versus a white or pale green stigmas that are merely a widening of the style tip in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="241ED719AB75A9F1363C4A42F215F2F2" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="F4DFCE56BECEBA0D34A2B3ECAA75CC9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="46C75F36D9A3FC7D6A66424AAA92B0EB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pseudoamericanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoamericanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="AE10E9B7B31FC6EB373167671D1E366C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum pseudoamericanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
usually occurs above 2,000 m elevation, with only some overlap between the closely related
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FAA11FDF31F12630FBF496C9259063A4" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="ADFFB7F7F925D5D2E2B5ECF63A7F1525" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
that occurs from sea level to 2,200 m in elevation.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="6B6D72F205DBAFED86104E66E4618124" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Other members of the Morelloid clade in Peru without glandular trichomes which grow sympatrically with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="28C5D161958DAD01B3929ECC8F7FC620" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. pseudoamericanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pseudoamericanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="3EFDEA6BC5FB3355C0EE813202A18952" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. pseudoamericanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
differ from it in being larger in growth form (reaching up to 2 m in height), having larger, violet flowers and fruits that are green at maturity (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3672EC028543BBAF8FF2780F2529CBB6" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. cochabambense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cochabambense">
|
|
<emphasis id="B182271C4BD4BF90F83CF7841E360A5E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. cochabambense</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="571C0E6A999739E3000E181D9FF234CB" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. interandinum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interandinum">
|
|
<emphasis id="A4C1D0AF6726D8BDEFDD8F03036D2869" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. interandinum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), or being smaller herbs up to 30 cm high with similarly sized flowers but red, orange or yellow berries (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7E33A38E79BC41974E5708C8CCD01F48" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. corymbosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="corymbosum">
|
|
<emphasis id="8BD1A0F2CF65FAD650279FE10ADA1651" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. corymbosum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F4B40D0FF6255BE3CCA119DEE6F398FB" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. palitans" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="palitans">
|
|
<emphasis id="3AEBEE50D2F4A4D28BF929F7A64FB92D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. palitans</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4805320F83F24921969CCB151FD087D9" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. radicans" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="radicans">
|
|
<emphasis id="7D00BA6AB7500688F5FDFA7759A81255" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. radicans</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ADCFDF00B55A820B19519702F428DB41" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum longifilamentum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longifilamentum">
|
|
<emphasis id="7E5571A2763A4792FADD9297E094D261" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum longifilamentum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is somewhat similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5CD876762F14F1E2DF9D9F09CE14863A" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. pseudoamericanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pseudoamericanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="8C1FDBB557E1E72E007E4F4C0162952A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. pseudoamericanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
but has longer anthers (2-3.4 mm long versus 1-1.5 mm long) and more ellipsoid buds.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |