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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="280862" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ad6002a-5847-4beb-b1cb-7632e1f2fedf" ID-PMC="PMC10719936" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1186-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F934FC4A0653514AB724044D7931F46C" ID-PubMed="38107662" ID-ZooBank="D189EB38E74C4D578778F79D89122A70" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1186-1" checkinTime="1701930850728" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Islam, Md Niraul &amp; Ahmad, Wasim" docDate="2023" docId="D017E00DB4FD52E4AA2992E3476575D8" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1186: 1-13" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1186" docPubDate="2023-12-06" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527" docTitle="Tahamina indica Islam &amp; Ahmad 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="D76FB896-7ADD-4B6A-9529-3FE31353E335" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="F934FC4A0653514AB724044D7931F46C" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="F934FC4A0653514AB724044D7931F46C" masterDocTitle="New nematode Tahamina indica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida, Tylencholaimoidea) from the tropical rainforest, Western Ghats" masterLastPageNumber="13" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732886936312" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="9046A787FB110D98973B30913A3F6375" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="9330B5CE6DA78A07B7720798E5398301">
<mods:title id="8FF25DF1B5B33688C004FCCCF7C4B959">New nematode Tahamina indica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida, Tylencholaimoidea) from the tropical rainforest, Western Ghats</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A2BFB6378D6E46F12AA23CD9731F869B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="595B93C7B6DC983E8B1D30673CA870D6">
<mods:roleTerm id="3954A2A580D829ABDCA77EF03AC85462">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DD797B4192DD697E7D5DF568A0D049D5">Islam, Md Niraul</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A5C9AD7BA158B599D61ED5EDE4E7BEB6" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8520-9775</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="2E1676281C7C021487FA22EC0F5D8F90">Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang- 110016, China &amp; Nematode Biodiversity Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh- 202002, India</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="527916A045B29D78F5783E22841B4FE1" type="email">mnislam15@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F2528F41B1D2654D77154F925000FAAA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E356091F7D06290A98FF19AEB27F9E89">
<mods:roleTerm id="1603D09BD79A2E890959BD2671B4891D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="AC26DA35AA10CD1F0F3DE48316D01D25">Ahmad, Wasim</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6737437B20DCB4EB37CC5FC98BADF60D">Nematode Biodiversity Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh- 202002, India</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="38030EDBD6760B1A88A3CE4969FF3CA4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="7AEBC9027D3601FC7D25E4B1D60ACC1F">
<mods:title id="C4D85BEC300EA876DA06EB8B8FC5ED42">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="F80D5CE2BAB76BE03501FEEDA108CE1A">
<mods:date id="9D1C94B33B046D6E8A55B9E7C837AA20">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="924351DEAAB34561C131458D950F275F" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="A0F48C89D1FC15D73AAEEEBFEA011319">2023-12-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="5E43DCC51C1827A003EBABE2F0F136A8" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E01137D041D6019A61C071356DF08D88">1186</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="351E578F9C4A5E06049D4A7DDB132864" unit="page">
<mods:start id="34D49DB4D86DA59EB6611F8FE89E292B">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="390E317156FF5371A4AFCE40A54B7A1B">13</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
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<mods:location id="C607844F4826565114C736EDED6E1C7C">
<mods:url id="365F6F5D1E849529230962B12B3010C9">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="DECACFA31825985681AD04DFF71BBFE3">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4469E518CBD062AB6413CFCF2A63E501" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4ECF315FCAEC6E713E46F87B0BB88043" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1186-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FCB1ECA623B23306B248024983FC97B6" type="ZooBank">D189EB38E74C4D578778F79D89122A70</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="02C2DCF92F982031652FE680A725A80C" type="Pensoft-UUID">F934FC4A0653514AB724044D7931F46C</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection id="192E955EB05C7ACC4D8DA4973C06B455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomy">
<treatment id="D017E00DB4FD52E4AA2992E3476575D8" ID-GBIF-Taxon="219536685" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D76FB896-7ADD-4B6A-9529-3FE31353E335" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D017E00DB4FD52E4AA2992E3476575D8" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_order="Dorylaimida" scope_phylum="Nematoda" scope_superFamily="Tylencholaimoidea">
<subSubSection id="CFB1621D50168DCD8EE1B034E01B082E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="704E032CDE0AE4AF9DF4B237A6EBCB19" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="86A6D0B9A2AFEDE9CEA9E74857EB42BF" LSID="https://zoobank.org/D76FB896-7ADD-4B6A-9529-3FE31353E335" authority="Islam &amp; Ahmad, 2023" authorityName="Islam &amp; Ahmad" authorityYear="2023" class="Enoplea" family="Tylencholaimoidea" genus="Tahamina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tahamina indica" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indica" status="sp. nov.">Tahamina indica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BDE65A48ABD52BA163F0753ED2406D13" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A0DDC2A3883282C764770FBD1F1236F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="C6D205FBCD2847B5AAB2CD8AA7DF89AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="DFBA60B756A179ED499867974AEE4C2C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tahamina indica gen. nov., sp. nov. female: A entire B, C anterior region (arrow showing knobs-like structure) D anterior region showing amphid E pharyngeal region F expanded part of pharynx (arrow showing dorsal pharyngeal gland nuclei) G pharyngo-intestinal junction. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-D, F-G); 20 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/948490" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="158284C572531045AF0A9334F8AA3B10" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tahamina indica gen. nov., sp. nov. female: A entire B anterior region C anterior region showing amphid D pharyngeal region E pharyngeal expansion F genital system G Vulval region H posterior end." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/948491" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="09240193D536E2E31E9DFE258D003C20" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tahamina indica gen. nov., sp. nov. female (SEM): A anterior region frontal view B anterior region lateral view C, D posterior end showing anal opening. Scale bars: 1 µm (A); 2 µm (B); 10 µm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/948492" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="91EF07903B841EDD2D9A52ED79D3618A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tahamina indica gen. nov., sp. nov. female: A, B genital system C, D vulval region E arrow showing genital primordia in juvenile F posterior region G posterior end. Scale bars: 20 µm (A, F); 10 µm (B-D, E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/948493" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3117B268491E2DB0427A1064AB229FFF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="071AFD85F13C9299DF79145A94C791B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F16230222836C5EC87F7453D5B744EC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="6D6EB5CCB349412BAB6D798CAA1D0E2D" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="India" location="Yaraganalu" municipality="Shivamoga District" specimenCount="two" specimenCount-juvenile="1" stateProvince="Karnataka State">
Seven females and
<specimenCount id="E8C04DE310BAD10FFADA2F2F6F4EDF48" type="juvenile">two juveniles</specimenCount>
from
<location id="9A850C3FE2CD82F42B698CFD04BD004A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D017E00DB4FD52E4AA2992E3476575D8:9A850C3FE2CD82F42B698CFD04BD004A" country="India" municipality="Shivamoga District" name="Yaraganalu" stateProvince="Karnataka State">Yaraganalu</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="CC8121F8DBAD67F610ADD43E3DE47017">Shivamoga District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="87F5F4932D9EE2808991821CE35D0030" country="India" name="Karnataka">Karnataka State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="BEBE92772D9F409940F5619C7DACDF7C" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="A6FC8334B24238879AAB771F643E1493" collectingDate="2018-11-17" country="India" latitude="13.801194" location="Department of Zoology" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="75.573166" municipality="Aligarh Muslim University" specimenCount="six" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-juvenile="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<geoCoordinate id="035CF3A470E388275F1BD057F7C43CA9" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="04.3" value="13.801194">13°48'04.3&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="7CB40437EEE044275EFF45845788B141" degrees="75" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="23.4" value="75.573166">75°34'23.4&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingDate id="9070DE3874FEA77A3D51E0B2BB4E04D1" value="2018-11-17">17 November 2018</collectingDate>
. Female
<emphasis id="B4F8455D1B1019026C3CC69E74021DA9" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus id="FA8D745F916FBFAF300ACDD9F8546CF2">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(slide number AMUZDNC
<taxonomicName id="ECCA80B429788A9872AFCABA6882D585" authorityName="Islam &amp; Ahmad" authorityYear="2023" class="Enoplea" family="Tylencholaimoidea" genus="Tahamina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tahamina indica" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="4C50FF32818E6FCB813B47D2BCBA04FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tahamina indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. sp. nov. /1),
<specimenCount id="2C560E31DAF387E49D2E53F4861DDD1A" type="female">six female</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="206AAC1C4CA6DB67FAF8373B61700AB2" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus id="474F3078A7881991A17599919420B3C3">paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
specimens (slide numbers AMUZDNC
<taxonomicName id="1273EA0C99C508DE03C568CCDA4FEC83" authorityName="Islam &amp; Ahmad" authorityYear="2023" class="Enoplea" family="Tylencholaimoidea" genus="Tahamina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tahamina indica" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="0A0BE07AA9E24F30FBEFAEC8385ED94A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tahamina indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. sp. nov. /2-5) and
<specimenCount id="51EA5652543118E10A6CB2987F43CF58" type="juvenile">two juveniles</specimenCount>
(J2) (slide number AMUZDNC
<taxonomicName id="0F03707BC9C11B8D8296B1D971F3A8D3" authorityName="Islam &amp; Ahmad" authorityYear="2023" class="Enoplea" family="Tylencholaimoidea" genus="Tahamina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tahamina indica" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="EFE2006A3195E499466B9DE5119388A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tahamina indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. sp. nov. /6) are deposited with the nematode collection in the
<location id="429F71FBBDE6FA9F6B1E30D9FAAADD2C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D017E00DB4FD52E4AA2992E3476575D8:429F71FBBDE6FA9F6B1E30D9FAAADD2C" country="India" latitude="13.801194" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="75.573166" municipality="Aligarh Muslim University" name="Department of Zoology">Department of Zoology</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="BB922C027700077E20396209424BC3BB">Aligarh Muslim University</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="74EBF16CC9DFC66B537BC53F28E4D865" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DA80B91302758B2F4F1356EE9039CD63" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="C14B8D1BEBEF22513A56CA08E214E773" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Measurements.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A8A96DDCD3F394990CF6C4F558C70FC1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
See Table
<tableCitation id="61BE61FFE17FDF038DD95ECCC1EBA340" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphometrics of Tahamina indica gen. n ov., sp. nov. All measurements are in μm and in the form: mean + / - SD (range)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DAE6847FD68F0313682E0BB456C1FE7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="DAE6847FD68F0313682E0BB456C1FE7D">1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DAE6847FD68F0313682E0BB456C1FE7D" ID-Table-UUID="DAE6847FD68F0313682E0BB456C1FE7D" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DAE6847FD68F0313682E0BB456C1FE7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph id="32E048EF3A5F403F0624567E4A562FAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="C90F05DA179ED1EB74A58D6DA098C336" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Table 1.</emphasis>
Morphometrics of
<taxonomicName id="D7D4F3B406F30176DB8A7F706C4C03AC" authorityName="Islam &amp; Ahmad" authorityYear="2023" class="Enoplea" family="Tylencholaimoidea" genus="Tahamina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tahamina indica" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="010D38ABE93474D412FCB65B629BE0D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tahamina indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. n
<emphasis id="DC9A96396882EAF94269E8E3A914E0EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ov.</emphasis>
, sp. nov. All measurements are in
<normalizedToken id="38FE8E6D4DF733B2E61C6048100D4B2D" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
and in the form: mean
<normalizedToken id="D8D08353228EF24E0B7D01C7142B32C1" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
SD (range).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C3F949C57D1C8EA48A77276B3F03455C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<table id="92EBC49B8E072D121FADF8B5324F0E5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<tr id="403BFAFD9100E59DF9F6A08F179298F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<th id="38B210A8FD9A347BB9FAD4780B140D7D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
<th id="43AE1147E0A116044C1493F846E08EF0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Holotype female</th>
<th id="6BB4887F97CCE1E18C8C5AA723AA11E7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Paratype females</th>
<th id="B70D1168F108F8C550930F4430644428" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Juveniles</th>
</tr>
<tr id="EE244C74A6892054F2A02B91D8F11F6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="C5E60B040BC2035FDCC7C537F52F0EB4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">n</td>
<td id="2C66CB69350DBD6F38E04B7B1CDABB29" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td id="4336843B930676DA4FA5B5EAFFE15833" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
<td id="C830EA4351F2BCF0690890378E111011" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4AB0D05ECCA86FFC3178C7F06C59051A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="9074FD1009DBD719C0DC60D110F7359B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">L</td>
<td id="FA96D5BA89BCA82161623CC7E34772D6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1413</td>
<td id="90698BA8A14F98391D7EF4FFE71985AB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
1379.8
<normalizedToken id="C9ECFF0A8D756146ACDB8403D8AB4F96" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
34.9 (1332-1430)
</td>
<td id="93220B5C3FEE57B4EDB75985CEBB8DD9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1022, 1077</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2299CADB42CEB258180D8D50CA1AA2F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="8888B7DC698FEB48F429DCCC0CABC089" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Body diameter at neck base</td>
<td id="3512F31B96175207D09A5D27CF0710C7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">27</td>
<td id="5488BA3141557C6426C91B09845EBC10" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
28.1
<normalizedToken id="966FDC37A59F795513E8426927D8B7E9" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.68 (27-29)
</td>
<td id="2B9FDDB2F5A08752A4761F72172D7D14" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">21.5, 22.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1498657E2ED03EDFD2DCD9E743E25C1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="0D199171374813DD4CD18F29935A1E18" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Body diameter at mid body</td>
<td id="419E38EF789153F1868444190A5E2666" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">30</td>
<td id="E8D2A7F13D362F1A22AA3C945E91C43B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
31
<normalizedToken id="1D5928C7259B451F8AC7F8C6B15C4079" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.48 (30-31)
</td>
<td id="0E3F7C931107B3DEB23C8E57646C2751" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">21.5, 22.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A10BB44AC3F111B08518784B753D815D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="38C70C3A93101F48E32926ACBF562C2D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Body diameter at anus</td>
<td id="8782145A22AB58F69EE54D07CDC70694" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">16.5</td>
<td id="5D9DD95AC33C4926734186FD18599C91" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
17.3
<normalizedToken id="CBD6DD58035CE56F1DBB2FF7E2202C14" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.44 (16.5-17.5)
</td>
<td id="7915D585F2BD93A50879C12F17B2193F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">15.0, 15.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="174DECF82AC7AA5FCC3E03E12CCB7381" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="65779604D35A889D0324D927A61CC085" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">a</td>
<td id="7930F28EA143B0059A7330AE503C197D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">46.5</td>
<td id="6FFA8BB0BE7908D84AAD136B4ABC0C36" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
43.8
<normalizedToken id="174EE211D5598F667685A8A1CAF637C0" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.2 (43.1-46.7)
</td>
<td id="B1959503D9FA353A8C66B1D64D912071" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">47.4, 47.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="166C1952A3EA5D7DBA43576726529611" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="E09236964A0379B57C489683F80A2294" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">b</td>
<td id="0B0B9B7C3FA5A31841B89016B3871E6B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">5.2</td>
<td id="705BCCDCFC0605EB203D9277513E451A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
5.01
<normalizedToken id="824F7C5420A03A6880FAE4A62029133F" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.10 (4.9-5.2)
</td>
<td id="AE8A55E06052A2F8E8156B669149E53D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">4.2, 4.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7C32E9B926C02DDF9E7AB131690F1FD9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="5729AA2E12F7FBADD882F75CD193A097" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">c</td>
<td id="12ED3A5E9B2C2393A2335B535C8C0ACB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">15.3</td>
<td id="D1E4017868EAA9ACB67E1600D1AC3171" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
15.2
<normalizedToken id="FB717D02D2A3E9B421BEB017B75DB036" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.0 (13.7-17.0)
</td>
<td id="620B05515F6BCA1ECE63C75318CE1273" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">12.9, 13.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CAB61113CCE94118B671010DE0DE77E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="1664706E0B5ABA67AB632E69C6C4142A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<normalizedToken id="52C40B3DF8B73BFFC92C12BB6C743436" originalValue="c’">c'</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="08EC64041C7169AF378D56623A99E7DA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">5.5</td>
<td id="7F6497FABBE22A826C575EC304F3C34D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
5.0
<normalizedToken id="D76FB3E43EB2318115D263730156C461" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.42 (4.5-5.8)
</td>
<td id="AC9351EDFA416DD8DC0466361911BEE5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">5.4, 5.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="41E0BFAEB1F5A8B1296F83FF542C9852" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="D9F2CC7F0F18EDD75C95BC19E54AFCCD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">V</td>
<td id="A78226C9F244DB0D6BFD3EE75C38EABB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">39.5</td>
<td id="801CAC6C2D9E082794691BACC9A37F48" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
39.2
<normalizedToken id="EC8C7A33DD0FE7430B144F235FCAD382" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.1 (38.3-41.9)
</td>
<td id="D7BF482D7AA5B4CF295B6572ED70B6F6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="279A66E68E8C87F682496A272BC2E227" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="87698F76E233D23C89AA0406E452D119" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">G1</td>
<td id="F61E549999FEEAC23C1F3D9FD30A04EA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">4.9</td>
<td id="EBD7CC1D791BEC391763790754078586" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
3.1
<normalizedToken id="896B023966755CAC99D584D49FCF15BD" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.82 (2.4-3.4)
</td>
<td id="5459F32DF3004E2111D50B11C07356B1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FE94EB983D24948334BAC39A9CD9E871" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="E2D4CA4DBA4B96A65C862C30FCE1499C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">G2</td>
<td id="5EB3C38337E1AB82F3D95EBE53A3554D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">13.8</td>
<td id="AAEEDD2F3D3760EEB6F935F7E2EB8E80" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
12.6
<normalizedToken id="26C4921953AA368D5A3A61425818BF37" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.90 (11.5-14.2)
</td>
<td id="5CABF4CD1BA540D1AEEB419E1F31DF19" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8DFD1A185E38DD39C815900A915FA10" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="FDCC30E6341DCF58FCFEDE27F098B295" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Lip region diameter</td>
<td id="8BDB359E818D7ABAAB21C4A0317F345A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">8.0</td>
<td id="044469F3FFA90615E0B736E63B7AAB57" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">8.0</td>
<td id="09408C60B2243711060D45C2640B93B7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">7.5, 7.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="48C0B70606608E874DDB652C13489CC8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="DFE00BFAA00447E8957F9A8E97F1C414" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Lip region height</td>
<td id="F297F559C3D181BB62AC286D52711002" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">4.0</td>
<td id="8855347980F4CAB020DB33CDD1CC1BA5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
3.7
<normalizedToken id="8F89934B4435D92E5EE9640709983D5D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.24 (3.5-4.0)
</td>
<td id="5B916F8DB86F7CFEF21C57EC308A7794" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">3.5, 3.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4F75A980C94B082280295D14DB1CBDF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="AC3B13EEF7B787323BCB4FA7EC621A26" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Amphid aperture</td>
<td id="17D0F7729C4EC84761E804B17833EE70" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">5.0</td>
<td id="7DD902BCC80B37CBEEE8B1886F16350A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
4.4
<normalizedToken id="694D7143A93E2124FB517111EA4A2CA6" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.43 (4.0-5.0)
</td>
<td id="BF452D1A50C7F8A0622E9C6041A13323" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">4.0, 4.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0EE07D742938D06AD4D913D60D0D17A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="55B172D97EC7757B701CCBC3E60E2918" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Odontostyle length</td>
<td id="D70C802356BD3A22C0BF75F4C9F038C3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">8.5</td>
<td id="91A508574BA10765BEB1ED96D98B2AED" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
8.4
<normalizedToken id="0D8F2F3EF77378EA2FE9E121EE96E6F3" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.31 (8.0-9.0)
</td>
<td id="88088DB69ABC175CA0C59459C49386D4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">7.0, 6.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="304051B7E91CE5C0BDE090B5B7512AE1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="C7A9785206A15B5FCE5074CFAFD07400" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Replacement odontostyle length</td>
<td id="2D10DD557CCF4F83D90875D9DAFD6142" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="30BF2EB3E6821885F9F6C3FD7D5C7F28" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="FF0C8AFFE4BD0B18F7B8C324F63AB03B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">8.0, 7.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="677AD787042C76045054DD2D9F8B3ACD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="47A23DBA0E1BDE5EFDCE6666A7DEDE0D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Odontophore length</td>
<td id="4E5CC3D60EEAFE6DB4AF9556870812CF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">10.5</td>
<td id="A0DCC105D3514FD6C7E0DF2E597F06A3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
10.7
<normalizedToken id="7A49D3248C05078430692C74B410A8F6" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.31 (10.5-11.5)
</td>
<td id="A8CC0165BCFAB7BF2E6C226F41825222" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">11, 10.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7790CAA3962E41EC6103E99DE87CE595" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="B83296257BBDB628E661B8065E512954" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Total stylet length</td>
<td id="1EB041EB0B4939656EE2C2FEDF75D983" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">19</td>
<td id="A0ABADA2C3961A6850F2B2147E06B707" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
19.1
<normalizedToken id="B593CFA327F43AAA21688ADCDB63F736" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.45 (19-20)
</td>
<td id="88A33596EB9F5FF81124011C453DC1DF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">18, 17.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A2504175647BACD5620A671A31F95342" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="53BA291781609401B1333564463C1815" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Guiding ring from anterior</td>
<td id="741705BC60448608E7DEFA8710C59EB2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">6.0</td>
<td id="16B2A27344F416637F46D4C83D45E514" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
5.7
<normalizedToken id="FD40EC0C444BFD45BBF63CE172A19D9E" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.18 (5.5-6.0)
</td>
<td id="4D3BA29827A17626698FC85424B716C5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">5.5, 5.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1A5421A2FF2DA78199CD1D64E0E67445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="6A4583AA4ECD1BD7269842F619362FAF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Nerve ring from anterior</td>
<td id="ED1BEA6A25B524691C2CF2E89A22E4DD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">93</td>
<td id="1AA3C6960EF3DBDB14135C82CC1A354F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
93.2
<normalizedToken id="80C4C49289048136FF0151BC4C665EB1" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.62 (92-94)
</td>
<td id="7DFF49CC66A9F51691C7EAC849A7FA94" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">83, 90</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A3D3118C29452A41F4D4D42327FD73FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="AB403FE89870DCDF8A67012F0074CEC9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Neck length</td>
<td id="87235AD600CAD649E95200CC6C796A35" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">271</td>
<td id="725AB76D82BAFE0A4CF0AFB470F742FA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
270.2
<normalizedToken id="30CAE1E15FA6A1AE77B2A63F836629C5" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
4.9 (259-276)
</td>
<td id="F704EA62FFDA49E4146DF233495D0430" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">243, 246</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DFBB38B35C42178E56C5ED41D9A55B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="88F61E599E59EDDA31FE010A71D92255" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Expanded part of pharynx</td>
<td id="8F1D1D68E4BD93870B6A6B3489C5BAC4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">127</td>
<td id="70FDBBB69D9A23953C4127838C99EB98" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
125.8
<normalizedToken id="65429349F1EB8999F30388F4F56179F2" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
4.7 (115-131)
</td>
<td id="3E211A17786F27069DAF379FF2585811" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">110, 115</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D3B6D3E44EFD85907D14BB12A5D9ACB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="5113121B4F112F58B04204D25297877D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Cardia length</td>
<td id="FBFA8858FA3F5F64A80560798867455C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">6.0</td>
<td id="03F1D362DE5282BA69BE8800BA863F76" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
6.4
<normalizedToken id="B7D62ADEE3E877E19C48E81433A15183" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.88 (5.0-7.0)
</td>
<td id="81123539B87F8E85DA39530FA29E642B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">7.5, 6.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="601376D22C9DD5A82D0B79273BBD82C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="AA8ACC0658F73C989D2458555C5312A4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Anterior genital branch</td>
<td id="BF99F24C5680006BCC59921DF1B3B8D9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">69</td>
<td id="9E896744246624704915F8CB02B851F6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
40.1
<normalizedToken id="760AF74FC09A3181A5652E12426C2021" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
4.4 (34-48)
</td>
<td id="59FC803C955FFFC6C27BB76CEA76CF4A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="27CB6027943252B56499D706AF2DC9B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="46A845AC7C45C1D1AF8E43E7F4D94600" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Posterior genital branch</td>
<td id="20246F4E523C9325DDAC3E0CCE0FC965" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">195</td>
<td id="A2AEDFD75FF60FE895FDB00C991A8686" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
178.7
<normalizedToken id="7B7E5B585EC4EFB796DEF9EC840BC409" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
10.1 (168-195)
</td>
<td id="CCA1A1761668FB8039C53FF82A711E0D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C68CC2451F3026CF94D00E27C0FB27E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="B832293336D9451719B4FDDCA3CF7C7B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Vaginal length</td>
<td id="B9028E68C025CDEB1C541437D448FFC2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">14.0</td>
<td id="D9F356B6FFE4E5FBAE4EF1EAF2B2819A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
14.4
<normalizedToken id="19FDAF147B875ECA4F1BB06B576BC0F9" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.44 (13.5-14.5)
</td>
<td id="4C09CDB99820FEAEDA16AC984EDA220E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="13FF3E8D28AF1AD9FAF654E1214C898E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="90C8B767F2676D16D9314674150B2FE7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Vulva from anterior</td>
<td id="57E1D869F98F526D02F4F7BC9D03DEC7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">558</td>
<td id="8FB6EA776B4B826393F05EF20B989701" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
553.5
<normalizedToken id="F2772B8567239035896A7C0E455BB9AF" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
13.2 (539-579)
</td>
<td id="FD8F9EEDF910ABA53EA42AAA05F301E9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="71BD457774709ADCF3CAFC31B805A265" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="1A02F97A34B97760F5718A4421640BA5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Prerectum length</td>
<td id="877844B0B74897CF7CA412FFEE657D95" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">157</td>
<td id="E25AF9067A7EEED759B2CC099430696E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
156.6
<normalizedToken id="46F1FD21E7C099287EB5B14F12F63324" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
13.0 (129-176)
</td>
<td id="DB878FD64ABE169F20791058D19F8B15" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">121, 139</td>
</tr>
<tr id="689D30F317E68FA4834CE31F4A267611" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="3CF6A048F11BDE047847FFACAB27AF59" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Rectum length</td>
<td id="3F03B4E7F3EDCE74A634165BAF57AF3A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">20.5</td>
<td id="EEB1A8CAD31D526E5F5606E05F287118" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
21.5
<normalizedToken id="5B11BE456537F4AED2E2B56FB2CAAADD" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.2 (19-23)
</td>
<td id="CEDF84B01891115321BAE083205C88D1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">18.5, 19.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="691927C96D3F02832DD7311D82260FFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td id="7013EF26011622A945B3B3E236911F45" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Tail length</td>
<td id="DAA1CD1CA4379CCC0FCCC15C550BF2BC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">92</td>
<td id="8E1DB51041FE8DD0EA70FA12D54049B7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
89.3
<normalizedToken id="EDDD06C10833A6F88B597602D9B313FC" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
9.3 (79-103)
</td>
<td id="54849C5435ACDF80355485BC2CB60DA2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">79, 78</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67B5F5155FB99652388BE9141CC5CD06" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="D0937483FA195371D938E49209EF2260" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="360529A6E900BACB3D8706A8A8A0B0C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="7D0D6693ACE7E3245ADD9C4C66DEFA59" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female</emphasis>
. Slender nematodes of large sized, 1.3-1.4 mm long body, slightly curved ventrally upon fixation; body cylindrical, tapering gradually towards at the anterior end and posteriorly narrowing to form an elongated tail. Cuticle with two distinct layers, 1.0-1.5
<normalizedToken id="B4C571F7B6328D833C3737E9EF8AE0E5" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
thick at anterior region, 2.0-2.5
<normalizedToken id="05167935BB253E34F30A04712F23D9B1" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
at midbody, and 3.0-4.0
<normalizedToken id="8665C44780C55589A73243BB0C2C21B4" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
on the tail. The outer cuticle is thin, with fine transverse striation, the inner layer is thicker than outer, distinctly striated. Lateral chord 5.0-7.0
<normalizedToken id="DDA11E68EAE21A8A214923B660ECF8D1" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
at midbody, occupying about one-sixth to one-four (18-24%) of corresponding body diameter. Lateral, dorsal and ventral body pores are indistinct. Lip region cap-like, offset from the body by constriction, 2.0-2.2 times as wide as high or about one-fourth of the body diameter at the pharyngeal base. Under SEM (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FB9583182FBF9F08E87F6F097EE8FC4E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tahamina indica gen. nov., sp. nov. female (SEM): A anterior region frontal view B anterior region lateral view C, D posterior end showing anal opening. Scale bars: 1 µm (A); 2 µm (B); 10 µm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/948492" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A</figureCitation>
), lips are rounded, and slightly separated, inner portion somewhat amalgamated forming a hexagonal disk-like structure, offset from the rest of the lip region; labial and cephalic papillae button-like, slightly protruding over the lip surface. Amphidial fovea cup-shaped, aperture slit-like, 4.0-5.0
<normalizedToken id="BDCF120ACF3DED145C1843457900F770" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide or occupying about one-half to three-fifths of lip region diameter. Stoma a truncate cone. Odontostyle short, robust, spindle-shaped with a wide lumen, 1.0-1.1 times the lip region diameter long or 0.54-0.63% of total body length,
<normalizedToken id="B09A4A2A86A1099C5B09B958C987BE37" originalValue="it’s">it's</normalizedToken>
aperture about one-fourth of the odontostyle length. Odontophore simple, rod-like with slightly thickened base or minute knobs-like structure (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E1DE1EEB0CC12442584D53334C45384B" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tahamina indica gen. nov., sp. nov. female: A entire B, C anterior region (arrow showing knobs-like structure) D anterior region showing amphid E pharyngeal region F expanded part of pharynx (arrow showing dorsal pharyngeal gland nuclei) G pharyngo-intestinal junction. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-D, F-G); 20 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/948490" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1B, C</figureCitation>
), 1.2-1.4 times the odontostyle length. Guiding ring simple refractive, at 0.7-0.8 times lip region diameter from anterior end. Pharynx consisting of a slender and weakly muscular anterior part, expanding abruptly into a cylindroid bulb, separated by slight constriction, occupying about 42-49% of total pharyngeal length. Dorsal pharyngeal gland nuclei located at 12-16% of expanded part of pharynx from its expansion. Pharyngeal gland nuclei and their orifices are located as follows: DO=58-60, DN=60-62, DO-DN=1.5-2.5, S1N1=74-76, S1N2=79-81, S2N2=88-90, S2O=90-91. Nerve ring at 34-35% of the pharyngeal length from anterior end. Cardia is short, conoid, about one-fifth to one-fourth of the corresponding body diameter long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E4D2FD26FD645EC472ECF63BEEE6E3BC" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/948490" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="803708AB7E083FD076C732FF9607BE67" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="FD811BC9C59F37F602AD009E049B75A5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CAB0713059C3655D5AB877800CA263B9" authorityName="Islam &amp; Ahmad" authorityYear="2023" class="Enoplea" family="Tylencholaimoidea" genus="Tahamina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tahamina indica" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="9AC394F3E491078461238A8244602610" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tahamina indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov., sp. nov. female:
<emphasis id="5ED57F1A1AADD7336858EE14C4F20D6C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
entire
<emphasis id="8CC4AF120077435F53C2C80C6AD1FA42" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
anterior region (arrow showing knobs-like structure)
<emphasis id="4CCC34C42FC5364542EF96B6577BBFE7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
anterior region showing amphid
<emphasis id="F0490707D17BDD8DA73663A27CB07F73" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
pharyngeal region
<emphasis id="4D7FB4BC3408E842DE005FF18C370A6F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
expanded part of pharynx (arrow showing dorsal pharyngeal gland nuclei)
<emphasis id="73DD86961933D466C17A65829C185559" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
pharyngo-intestinal junction. Scale bars: 100
<normalizedToken id="36463C17C469CBA45325F8120A6354F8" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="3181DA53B3CA40E1CB2B5CA296FFC28F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 10
<normalizedToken id="91AD48EDB898BE5BCCF33C516F75BE5B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="21980D97F498926701C4CD9282BFBA34" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-D, F-G</emphasis>
); 20
<normalizedToken id="B24E7A270026793816E1321CF40A9845" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="78A822E0A519C7FFFCD0BD753A103602" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="469BC3D854DC5E8821C8432CC6A3B66D" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/948491" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="A8FB674155C3724242179673F1FD2222" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="47A7122DBA46AD81FFD2D5C6963735B6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="942C42D063B77345F386BB37DBBBD6E9" authorityName="Islam &amp; Ahmad" authorityYear="2023" class="Enoplea" family="Tylencholaimoidea" genus="Tahamina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tahamina indica" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="DAF4BEF113A1BB0DA9F90B27A46DD307" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tahamina indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov., sp. nov. female:
<emphasis id="F2F6BA6B4575E56B49FEF186A8B4B47F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
entire
<emphasis id="E50BC5252A719080498BD2FBBAE7FB88" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
anterior region
<emphasis id="B0FBC8C65F0F0CB36F84EE44D81728CC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
anterior region showing amphid
<emphasis id="95814AEE9EAA251D364640F8C0F93BFD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
pharyngeal region
<emphasis id="8371778F3C4B9B740A930AE3FA315CA8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
pharyngeal expansion
<emphasis id="60336D3DD62E950EF8D2F1D8551A4AC8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
genital system
<emphasis id="CB15241DD3CD226E17C05D236957FFD3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
Vulval region
<emphasis id="B125498F01D9D3E1BE0E93ECFD23D8ED" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
posterior end.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="F1C0071F300BD64C771227E2629D2CC6" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/948492" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="F890BF16FE845BE2217382296D7C5522" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="09AECEADAE6A69A40E499EE5806B495F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F21DB6E08CF2F2CE803D82B740E3400D" authorityName="Islam &amp; Ahmad" authorityYear="2023" class="Enoplea" family="Tylencholaimoidea" genus="Tahamina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tahamina indica" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="6E2EEF04E09F9DEB285353304DC7EFB9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tahamina indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov., sp. nov. female (SEM):
<emphasis id="CC88D6BB93F42C31A176F4444923EF9E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
anterior region frontal view
<emphasis id="72BF19A985A545B47D4BF92EE1D52230" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
anterior region lateral view
<emphasis id="1FC344454E556849901387229924F941" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
posterior end showing anal opening. Scale bars: 1
<normalizedToken id="33A139060E457C8BF90336DB05D7FB04" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="14BC83A929E2D2313D964A757A4F1F98" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 2
<normalizedToken id="5628E4B888A100441C442A5B60352BB2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="B7AEAA6A26AE55F36B0060AF43B0B47E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
); 10
<normalizedToken id="2BFFF77387F1ED7200740FFB93852067" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="34322FB8F3B44875F18F2544AF4B6618" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="78F71B14D620A0C9B2F23A6420EC4E68" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1186.101527.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/948493" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="C62E985103CE4F7A824E0A0A8A1F41FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="3AA5DF826B074881153CD891F44628C3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EDADA9F14950FC605A73CA866B03DB1" authorityName="Islam &amp; Ahmad" authorityYear="2023" class="Enoplea" family="Tylencholaimoidea" genus="Tahamina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tahamina indica" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="A0810896CC0A9B584B697C973933183C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tahamina indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov., sp. nov. female:
<emphasis id="F03F75BA972A520C16885E7C7CDBDC1A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
genital system
<emphasis id="DF7EC09B09D238CD357E1809F7820DCE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
vulval region
<emphasis id="22AA476FF04CFDD40E1C1C8F4BA7C0F4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
arrow showing genital primordia in juvenile
<emphasis id="2C9B960012C8990F835E42B722D98C1B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
posterior region
<emphasis id="EDC6463FC7FF63AC78BB18D59E581A61" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
posterior end. Scale bars: 20
<normalizedToken id="EFDD7EF7CD55094AADADD99387E24726" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="FD291D6B6ACF330127D5409FB0EBAC5E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, F</emphasis>
); 10
<normalizedToken id="A2C50925C45EAE9C870995D845947A9F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="5CDF67C33B017EBB0202EE037B8C0DD1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-D, E-G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="691773ED7784E3C49E0F0B65D5EDA79D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Genital system mono-opistho-ovarian, didelphic. Ovary reflexed, measuring 50-78
<normalizedToken id="99DEC9A898B35119C5AFE46C70E89226" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long, not reaching oviduct-uterus junction; oocytes arranged in a single row except the near tip. Oviduct joining the ovary subterminally, measuring 57-82
<normalizedToken id="9B2FA9CDBDB16BCF2C9B01CD32528491" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, its consisting of a slender distal portion and a well-developed
<emphasis id="DD6A43933FA343BC23D3BDE09EF3E80B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pars dilatata</emphasis>
. Oviduct-uterus junction marked by the well-developed sphincter. Uterus long well differentiated, tripartite, proximal part short well-developed muscular, median part long, convoluted tube and distal part short, somewhat spheroid, measuring 96-109
<normalizedToken id="8536281805836AB176B3F5CAB711A7C5" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
. The anterior genital branch reduced to a simple sac, 34-69
<normalizedToken id="4296692DCC87951FDA0B6F4711B43130" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
or about 1.0-2.2 times midbody diameters long. Vagina cylindrical, extending inwards, 13.5-14.5
<normalizedToken id="F855A011CCFAFDC3BC6DA0660525BD7B" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
or about one-half (45-48%) midbody diameter;
<emphasis id="A1BF02DE2FFF36EB806C04560C97D56D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pars proximalis vaginae</emphasis>
10-12
<normalizedToken id="F264FFEFE64902265E7EFE61303B5025" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6.0-8.0
<normalizedToken id="CF6ABDD08281F2E3D42320B222E0EDE2" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, its wall encircled by circular muscles;
<emphasis id="3D4B9CBBBF6085056F46F462F5D5417E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pars distalis vaginae</emphasis>
2.5-3.5
<normalizedToken id="D21344FE4BAC135D19F01B4A214BAEE0" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
with slightly curved walls;
<emphasis id="6354CE34169DDF350D3CA883FC8DBE26" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pars refringens</emphasis>
absent. Vulva pore-like. Sperm cell absent. Prerectum long, 7.3-10.0 and rectum 1.1-1.4 anal body diameter long. Tail elongated, tapering gradually and its distal part slightly bent dorsally with a rounded terminus, 4.3-5.8 times anal body diameter long with a pair of caudal pores on each side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0AB76F2E7E2724323C774B0B90912685" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E671435C83080D6898D8C9A600324966" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male.</emphasis>
Not found.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E29D8A45A45542701E1EA5902E0D047C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="7EA7B198B1687654EA0204C60EF4EA08" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Juvenile (J2).</emphasis>
General morphology is similar to that of adults, but with the following differences. Medium sized nematodes, 1.0 mm long. Lip region cap-like, 2.1-2.3 times as broad as high or about one-third (29-34%) of body diameter at the pharyngeal base. Functional odontostyle 0.90 times the lip region diameter long, 0.80 times the replacement odontostyle length. Replacement odontostyle 1.0 times the lip region diameter long, with its base located at 45-48
<normalizedToken id="0B51A50092303E4F78CD97FEBCEBE856" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
from the anterior end. Position of odontostyle forming cell nucleus at 48-49
<normalizedToken id="46506C631C6622A2B21BA368F5F6D702" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
from the anterior end and at 26-28
<normalizedToken id="3C1A97BD17033A66A00199DD4BBD0672" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
from the odontophore base. Odontophore simple, rod-like, 1.5-1.6 times of functional odontostyle length. Guiding ring simple and refractive, at 0.7 times the lip region diameter from the anterior end. Pharyngeal expansion occupying 45-46% of the total pharyngeal length. Nerve ring at 33-34% of the total pharyngeal length from anterior end. Genital primordia 18-19
<normalizedToken id="9A21F8A7851953D60EB0E143FD398B3B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
or 0.8-0.9 times the corresponding body diameter long, located at 442-445
<normalizedToken id="D4217C93DDB7C2BC94BD24D6BE740881" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
or 41-43% of body length from the anterior end.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7AAC013E00646072B602A0C3C61D5CCD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type habitat">
<paragraph id="5337D4DE4BD018F1BDA26FA4110EE877" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="73EEFABE55539F08C740ECBBB7DB7ED0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Soil samples collected around the roots of grasses (
<taxonomicName id="42F1A85C4ABC9155A35DCB4A80F5C998" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynodontidae" genus="Cynodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cynodon dactylon" order="Characiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dactylon">
<emphasis id="DECB1C4162DB15ADEED9B5E8E1B92C68" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cynodon dactylon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.) from Yaraganalu, Shivamoga District, Karnataka State, India.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BED9A22F101D92290433363E54FDBE21" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="06158A4020EACA24FCD41C869B4F2E6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4EADED337E9F8F881EBE0C802F275ABA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The new genus and new species named after first author
<normalizedToken id="8F2A07B87C7416A919EA983652B4637A" originalValue="mother’s">mother's</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="2089B05D74A0619CB6D20D1C13DDE7EA" authorityName="Islam &amp; Ahmad" authorityYear="2023" class="Enoplea" family="Tylencholaimoidea" genus="Tahamina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tahamina" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Tahamina</taxonomicName>
and its type locality India.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>
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