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<mods:title id="0DF220291E71246D647CAB9B078DE45A">An Identification key to the species of Auchenorrhyncha of Iranian fauna recorded as pests in orchards and a review on the pest status of the species</mods:title>
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<treatment id="A82F87957F14FFE6FF3E5D99FC9FF994" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5984865" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148669905" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5984865" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A82F87957F14FFE6FF3E5D99FC9FF994" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A82F87957F14FFE6FF3E5D99FC9FF994" lastPageNumber="493" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">
<subSubSection id="689C65087F14FFE6FF3E5D99FCAAFAD1" box="[151,788,1255,1280]" pageId="18" pageNumber="493" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="203936837F14FFE6FF3E5D99FCAAFAD1" blockId="18.[151,1436,1255,1605]" box="[151,788,1255,1280]" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">
<taxonomicName id="E7864D007F14FFE6FF3E5D99FDEBFAD1" ID-CoL="5Y9GV" authority="Haupt, 1920" authorityName="Haupt" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,597,1255,1280]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chloropsalta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdula">
<emphasis id="12F2EA917F14FFE6FF3E5D99FDEBFAD1" bold="true" box="[151,597,1255,1280]" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">
<emphasis id="12F2EA917F14FFE6FF3E5D99FE02FAD1" bold="true" box="[151,444,1255,1280]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">Chloropsalta smaragdula</emphasis>
Haupt, 1920
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="B8BD2A067F14FFE6FDCD5D99FD06FAD1" box="[612,696,1255,1280]" captionStart="FIGURES 6168" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1707,1729]" captionTargetBox="[203,1369,210,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[186,1400,195,1685]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 6168. Habitus of Cicadidae of Iran recorded as pests in orchards: 61. Chloropsalta ochreata; 62. Chloropsalta smaragdula; 63. Cicadatra alhageos; 64. Cicadatra persica; 65. Pagiphora annulata; 66. Psalmocharias flava; 67. Psalmocharias querula; 68. Tibicen plebejus (already published in: Mozaffarian &amp; Sanborn 2016)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1455397/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">Figs 62</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="B8BD2A067F14FFE6FD465D96FCB3FAD1" box="[751,781,1256,1280]" captionStart="FIGURES 6975" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1359,1381]" captionTargetBox="[268,1308,349,1324]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[258,1329,339,1338]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 6975. Male genitaliae of Cicadidae of Iran recorded as pests in orchards: 69. Chloropsalta ochreata, apical part of aedeagus, ventral view; 70. Chloropsalta smaragdula, aedeagus, lateral view; 71. Cicadatra alhageos, laeral view; 72. Cicadatra persica, apical part of aedeagus, lateral view; 73. Psalmocharias flava, apical part of aedeagus, lateral view; 74. Psalmocharias querula, apical part of aedeagus, lateral view; 75. Tibicen plebejus, Aedeagus, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1455399/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">70</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="689C65087F14FFE6FF6E5C72FC9FF994" pageId="18" pageNumber="493" type="description">
<paragraph id="203936837F14FFE6FF6E5C72FE2BFA41" blockId="18.[151,1436,1255,1605]" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">
<emphasis id="12F2EA917F14FFE6FF6E5C72FC41FAF4" bold="true" box="[199,1023,1292,1317]" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">
Recorded damage and economic importance in the orchards of
<collectingCountry id="589176137F14FFE6FC685C72FC44FAF4" box="[961,1018,1292,1317]" name="Iran" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">Iran</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Considering two species (
<taxonomicName id="E7864D007F14FFE6FA835C72FF42FA99" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kolenati" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Cicadatra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alhageos">
<emphasis id="12F2EA917F14FFE6FA835C72FF42FA99" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">Cicadatra alhageos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E7864D007F14FFE6FE9F5C51FD8DFA99" baseAuthorityName="Melichar" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[310,563,1327,1352]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chloropsalta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochreata">
<emphasis id="12F2EA917F14FFE6FE9F5C51FD8DFA99" box="[310,563,1327,1352]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">Chloropsalta ochreata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) as “grape cicadas&quot; in
<collectingCountry id="589176137F14FFE6FC975C4EFCD0FA96" box="[830,878,1328,1351]" name="Iran" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">Iran</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="E7864D007F14FFE6FCD25C51FB22FA99" authorityName="Haupt" authorityYear="1920" box="[891,1180,1327,1352]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chloropsalta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdula">
<emphasis id="12F2EA917F14FFE6FCD25C51FB22FA99" box="[891,1180,1327,1352]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">Chloropsalta smaragdula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was introduced as the third species of grape cicada by
<bibRefCitation id="44174B727F14FFE6FDBC5C2AFC17FABD" box="[533,937,1364,1389]" pageId="18" pageNumber="493" refId="ref17380" refString="Aghagoli Marzijarani, N., Mozaffarian, F. &amp; Vafaei Shushtari, R. (2013) Using wing geometric morphometric in identification of three species of grape cicads (Hem., Cicadidae) in Iran. Journal of Entomological Research, 5 (1), 1 - 10." type="journal article">
Aghagoli Marzijarani
<emphasis id="12F2EA917F14FFE6FCBC5C2BFCF4FABC" box="[789,842,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">et al</emphasis>
. (2013)
</bibRefCitation>
. There isnt any record on the injury level caused by this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203936837F14FFE6FF6E5CE2FBF6FA64" blockId="18.[151,1436,1255,1605]" box="[199,1096,1436,1461]" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">
<emphasis id="12F2EA917F14FFE6FF6E5CE2FC18FA64" bold="true" box="[199,934,1436,1461]" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">Recorded damage in the orchards of other parts of the world:</emphasis>
Not recorded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203936837F14FFE6FF6E5CC1FC90FA09" blockId="18.[151,1436,1255,1605]" box="[199,814,1471,1496]" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">
<emphasis id="12F2EA917F14FFE6FF6E5CC1FD8CFA09" bold="true" box="[199,562,1471,1496]" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">Recorded distribution in Iran:</emphasis>
Generally distributed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203936837F14FFE6FF6E5C9AFC9FF994" blockId="18.[151,1436,1255,1605]" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">
<emphasis id="12F2EA917F14FFE6FF6E5C9AFEE8FA2C" bold="true" box="[199,342,1508,1533]" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">Conclusion:</emphasis>
Due to the extreme similarity of the habitus of the three cicadas in vineyards of Iran (
<emphasis id="12F2EA917F14FFE6FA835C9AFDB0F9F1" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">
<taxonomicName id="E7864D007F14FFE6FA835C9AFF41F9F1" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Kolenati" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Cicadatra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alhageos">Cicadatra alhageos</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E7864D007F14FFE6FEA75F79FDB0F9F1" baseAuthorityName="Melichar" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[270,526,1543,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chloropsalta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochreata">Chloropsalta ochreata</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="E7864D007F14FFE6FDE55F79FCD1F9F1" authorityName="Haupt" authorityYear="1920" box="[588,879,1543,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chloropsalta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdula">
<emphasis id="12F2EA917F14FFE6FDE55F79FCD1F9F1" box="[588,879,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="493">Chloropsalta smaragdula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), it is quite necessary to determine the damage level caused by the species after the correct identification.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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