treatments-xml/data/6A/5B/AE/6A5BAE7ADA44FFDB3AAAFC99991BFD94.xml

<document id="B3CDDBF6960463CE586230CC1F3BF27A" ID-CLB-Dataset="45252" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3832.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8646401a-8028-4795-a6d6-1f9d75607e41" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="250559" ID-ZooBank="BAB612A4-03DB-4958-BEB1-92DE278FBB90" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460453350098" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fricke, Ronald, Allen, Gerald R., Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Hamel, Mélanie A., Laboute, Pierre, Mana, Ralph, Hui, Tan Heok &amp; Uyeno, Daisuke" docDate="2014" docId="6A5BAE7ADA44FFDB3AAAFC99991BFD94" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03832p247.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3832 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Lutjanidae" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="88" masterDocId="9662D602DA17FF8C3A3DFFDB9C12FFEE" masterDocTitle="Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of Madang District, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 820 new records" masterLastPageNumber="247" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="84" updateTime="1698338513565" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="DC492983254BC1C7910F1A1B31A1B850">Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of Madang District, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 820 new records</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4ECF1C46731FEC1AEC303A2912C12EA7">Allen, Gerald R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="93D43465DD838505CCAC94A194C8071D">Andréfouët, Serge</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="498C93F9CD8013AFD57DBBAE3D2C005B">Chen, Wei-Jen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AA1E6C9070CE5C3113A66DF6B3BD654E">Hamel, Mélanie A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8A042D8A60BC802A4DD55FABB582794A">Mana, Ralph</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C142E78D3102E0C46E95E69668CF19B0">Hui, Tan Heok</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C2E34574D4BC0FC28517659A8C8EF30D">Uyeno, Daisuke</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="AAE84CE7DA44FFDF3AAAFC999D21FC04" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA44FFDF3AAAFC999D33FCB2" blockId="83.[151,289,834,860]" box="[151,289,834,860]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<heading id="B905A800DA44FFDF3AAAFC999D33FCB2" bold="true" box="[151,289,834,860]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA44FFDF3AAAFC999D33FCB2" ID-CoL="C8X" ID-ENA="30850" box="[151,289,834,860]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA44FFDF3AAAFC999D33FCB2" bold="true" box="[151,289,834,860]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Lutjanidae</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA44FFDF3AAAFC52981FFC4C" blockId="83.[151,1436,905,1110]" box="[151,1037,905,930]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA44FFDF3AAAFC529EF8FC4C" bold="true" box="[151,746,905,930]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA44FFDF3AAAFC529D5EFC4C" box="[151,332,905,930]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Aphareus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="furca">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA44FFDF3AAAFC529D5EFC4C" bold="true" box="[151,332,905,930]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Aphareus furca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lacepède [ex 
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA44FFDF383DFC529E84FC4C" box="[512,662,905,930]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Scomberomorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="83" pageNumber="236" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="commerson">Commerson</taxonomicName>
], 1801)
</emphasis>
—Blue smalltooth jobfish
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA44FFDF3AAAFC759D21FC04" blockId="83.[151,1436,905,1110]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA44FFDF3B85FC769E51FC28" bold="true" box="[440,579,941,966]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens observed by G. R. Allen. CAS material (CAS 66113).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AAE84CE7DA44FFD93AAAFC2D9911FB06" lastPageId="85" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA44FFDF3AAAFC2D9EADFBB8" blockId="83.[151,1436,905,1110]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF38FCFC2D9F34FBE0" box="[705,806,1014,1038]" name="Comoros" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Comores</collectingCountry>
and western Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3AAAFBC29CFCFBDC" box="[151,238,1049,1074]" name="Pitcairn" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Pitcairn</collectingCountry>
Group, north to southern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF381FFBC19E77FBDF" box="[546,613,1050,1073]" name="Japan" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Japan</collectingCountry>
, south to northwestern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF394AFBC29FF2FBDC" box="[887,992,1049,1074]" name="Australia" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF39D2FBC198B2FBDC" box="[1007,1184,1049,1074]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3EE0FBC19934FBDC" box="[1245,1318,1050,1074]" name="Tonga" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Tonga</collectingCountry>
. Found in lagoons, coral and rocky reefs, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA44FFDF3BC8FBE59E49FBBB" box="[501,603,1086,1110]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="12.2" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="m" value="61.5" valueMax="122.0" valueMin="1.0">
1– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA44FFDF3832FBE59E49FBBB" box="[527,603,1086,1110]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="generic">122 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA44FFDF3AAAFB5E983FFB70" blockId="83.[151,1436,1157,1326]" box="[151,1069,1157,1182]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA44FFDF3AAAFB5E9F6AFB70" bold="true" box="[151,888,1157,1182]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA44FFDF3AAAFB5E9DE8FB70" authority="Valenciennes" authorityName="Valenciennes" box="[151,506,1157,1182]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Aprion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="virescens">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA44FFDF3AAAFB5E9D4BFB70" bold="true" box="[151,345,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Aprion virescens</emphasis>
Valenciennes
</taxonomicName>
in 
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA44FFDF3822FB5E9E63FB70" box="[543,625,1157,1182]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Galeocerdo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="83" pageNumber="227" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuvier">Cuvier</taxonomicName>
&amp; Valenciennes, 1830
</emphasis>
—Green jobfish
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA44FFDF3AAAFB7198F5FB2C" blockId="83.[151,1436,1157,1326]" box="[151,1255,1193,1218]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA44FFDF3B89FB729E2CFB2C" bold="true" box="[436,574,1193,1218]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens observed by G. R. Allen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA44FFDF3AAAFB159970FAC0" blockId="83.[151,1436,1157,1326]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF38F7FB169F43FB08" box="[714,849,1229,1254]" name="Madagascar" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian and Marquesas islands, north to southern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3BFFFB299E17FAE7" box="[450,517,1266,1289]" name="Japan" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Japan</collectingCountry>
, south to Port Hedland (Western 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF39BBFB2A9FE3FAE4" box="[902,1009,1265,1290]" name="Australia" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Australia</collectingCountry>
), New South 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3EB2FB2A98C1FAE4" box="[1167,1235,1265,1290]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Wales</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3ED9FB2A9943FAE4" box="[1252,1361,1265,1290]" name="Australia" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Australia</collectingCountry>
), Lord Howe 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3ADCFACE9D3AFAC0" box="[225,296,1301,1326]" name="Iceland" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Island</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3B5EFACD9DBEFAC0" box="[355,428,1302,1326]" name="Tonga" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Tonga</collectingCountry>
. Found in open water of deep lagoons, channels, or seaward reefs, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA44FFDF3EA4FACD98EDFAC3" box="[1177,1279,1302,1326]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.05" metricValueMax="18.0" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="m" value="90.5" valueMax="180.0" valueMin="1.0">
1– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA44FFDF3E8FFACD98EDFAC3" box="[1202,1279,1302,1326]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="generic">180 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA44FFDF3AAAFA869EE9FA9B" blockId="83.[151,1437,1373,1686]" box="[151,763,1373,1398]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA44FFDF3AAAFA869E29FA98" authority="Valenciennes, 1862" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,571,1373,1398]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Etelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coruscans">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA44FFDF3AAAFA869E29FA98" bold="true" box="[151,571,1373,1398]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA44FFDF3AAAFA869D46FA9B" bold="true" box="[151,340,1373,1398]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Etelis coruscans</emphasis>
Valenciennes, 1862
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Flame snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA44FFDF3AAAFA599D43F9C4" blockId="83.[151,1437,1373,1686]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA44FFDF3B80FA5A9E58FA74" bold="true" box="[445,586,1409,1434]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. NTUM material (NTUM 10110). Two forms are known of this 
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA44FFDF39E4FA7E983FFA50" box="[985,1069,1445,1470]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stomiidae" genus="Astronesthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">species</taxonomicName>
, a short-tailed and a long-tailed form (
<bibRefCitation id="8663629DDA44FFDF3AE2FA129DEFFA0C" author="Anderson" box="[223,509,1481,1506]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" refString="Anderson, W. D., Jr. &amp; Allen, G. R. (2001) Lutjanidae. Snappers (jobfishes). In: Carpenter, K. E. &amp; Niem, V. H. (Eds.), Species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the western central Pacific. Vol. 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). FAO, Rome, pp. 2840 - 2918." type="journal article" year="2001">Anderson &amp; Allen 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 2858). Both forms are found in Madang region, where the short-tailed form is generally restricted to seamounts while the long-tailed form, although found on seamounts, occurs more commonly on island slopes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA44FFDF3AAAF9ED9DDEF978" blockId="83.[151,1437,1373,1686]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF38FCF9ED9F34F9A0" box="[705,806,1590,1614]" name="Comoros" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Comores</collectingCountry>
and western Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3AAAF9819CF4F99C" box="[151,230,1626,1650]" name="Samoa" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Samoa</collectingCountry>
, north to southern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3B87F9819DEFF99F" box="[442,509,1626,1649]" name="Japan" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Japan</collectingCountry>
, south to Western 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF38F1F9829F24F99C" box="[716,822,1625,1650]" name="Australia" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Australia</collectingCountry>
, northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF399AF9819853F99C" box="[935,1089,1625,1650]" name="New Zealand" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3E40F98198D4F99C" box="[1149,1222,1626,1650]" name="Tonga" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Tonga</collectingCountry>
. Found above rock bottom, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA44FFDF3AC9F9A59D7AF97B" box="[244,360,1662,1686]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="m" value="245.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="90.0">
90– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA44FFDF3B23F9A59D7AF97B" box="[286,360,1662,1686]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="generic">400 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA44FFDF3AAAF91E9895F930" blockId="83.[151,1436,1733,2010]" box="[151,1159,1733,1758]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA44FFDF3AAAF91E9F0FF930" bold="true" box="[151,797,1733,1758]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA44FFDF3AAAF91E9DC2F930" box="[151,464,1733,1758]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="argentimaculatus">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA44FFDF3AAAF91E9DC2F930" bold="true" box="[151,464,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Lutjanus argentimaculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
</emphasis>
—River snapper, mangrove jack
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA44FFDF3AAAF9319E9DF8C8" blockId="83.[151,1436,1733,2010]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by 
<bibRefCitation id="8663629DDA44FFDF392CF9319FFDF8EC" author="Munro" box="[785,1007,1769,1794]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" refString="Munro, I. S. R. (1958) The fishes of the New Guinea region. Fishery Bulletin, Territory of Papua and New Guinea, Port Moresby, 1, 97 - 369." type="journal article" year="1958">Munro (1958: 187)</bibRefCitation>
; record confirmed by 
<bibRefCitation id="8663629DDA44FFDF3ED2F9329D02F8C8" author="Allen" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" refString="Allen, G. R. &amp; Talbot, F. H. (1985) Review of the snappers of the genus Lutjanus (Pisces: Lutjanidae) from the Indo-Pacific, with the description of a new species. Indo-Pacific Fishes, 11, 1 - 87, pls. 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1985">Allen &amp; Talbot (1985: 20)</bibRefCitation>
. AMS, CAS and CSIRO material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA44FFDF3AAAF8E99E81F834" blockId="83.[151,1436,1733,2010]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East Africa, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3905F8EA9FADF8A4" box="[824,959,1841,1866]" name="Madagascar" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and western Mascarenes east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3F78F8EA998EF8A4" box="[1349,1436,1841,1866]" name="Kiribati" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Kiribati</collectingCountry>
(Line Islands) and Society Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3E1FF88E989BF880" box="[1058,1161,1877,1902]" name="Australia" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Australia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA44FFDF3EF8F88D991CF880" box="[1221,1294,1878,1902]" name="Tonga" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Tonga</collectingCountry>
, immigrated through the Suez Canal into the eastern Mediterranean. Juveniles and young adults occur in estuaries, the lower reaches of freshwater streams and tidal creeks; adults are often found in groups around coral or rocky reefs, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA44FFDF3F6BF8459CA2F837" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">
0– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA44FFDF3F4EF8459CA2F837" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="generic">100 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFF4C9896FF41" blockId="84.[151,1436,151,357]" box="[151,1156,151,176]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAFF4C9FB9FF5E" bold="true" box="[151,939,151,176]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA43FFD83AAAFF4C9D6BFF5E" box="[151,377,151,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="biguttatus">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAFF4C9D6BFF5E" bold="true" box="[151,377,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Lutjanus biguttatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Valenciennes in 
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA43FFD83874FF4C9E8EFF5E" box="[585,668,151,176]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Galeocerdo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="227" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuvier">Cuvier</taxonomicName>
&amp; Valenciennes, 1830)
</emphasis>
—Twospot snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFF679EC0FE8B" blockId="84.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by 
<bibRefCitation id="8663629DDA43FFD83910FF67987EFF3A" author="Allen" box="[813,1132,188,213]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" refString="Allen, G. R. &amp; Talbot, F. H. (1985) Review of the snappers of the genus Lutjanus (Pisces: Lutjanidae) from the Indo-Pacific, with the description of a new species. Indo-Pacific Fishes, 11, 1 - 87, pls. 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1985">Allen &amp; Talbot (1985: 23)</bibRefCitation>
. Specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 3, CTR 0 4, CTR 0 8, CTR 0 9, CTR 22, CTR 25, CTR 28, CTR 32, CTR 33. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD8387DFEDF9E68FEF3" box="[576,634,260,285]" name="India" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">India</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD838FFFEDF9F38FEF3" box="[706,810,260,285]" name="Maldives" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Maldives</collectingCountry>
east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD839A7FEDF980AFEF3" box="[922,1048,260,285]" name="Philippines" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Philippines</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83E5DFEDF9934FEF3" box="[1120,1318,260,285]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
, south to Queensland (
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83B11FEFC9D8BFEAE" box="[300,409,295,320]" name="Australia" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Australia</collectingCountry>
). Found solitary or in small groups, in coastal reefs, lagoons, and on seaward reef slopes, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA43FFD83AAAFE979CFDFE8A" box="[151,239,332,357]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="m" value="19.5" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="3.0">
3– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA43FFD83A8FFE979CFDFE8A" box="[178,239,332,357]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="generic">36 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFE4F9F2CFE42" blockId="84.[151,1436,404,608]" box="[151,830,404,429]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAFE4F9E85FE43" bold="true" box="[151,663,404,429]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA43FFD83AAAFE4F9D58FE43" box="[151,330,404,429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bohar">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAFE4F9D58FE43" bold="true" box="[151,330,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Lutjanus bohar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
</emphasis>
—Red snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFE639E68FD8E" blockId="84.[151,1436,404,608]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83B89FE6C9E52FE3E" bold="true" box="[436,576,439,464]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 16; a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen on 
<date id="964C39ACDA43FFD83BF1FE079E4AFE1A" box="[460,600,476,500]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" value="2012-12-04">4 Dec. 2012</date>
. AMS and NTUM material (AMS I.16761-001; NTUM 10095). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD838FFFE249F5BFDF6" box="[706,841,511,536]" name="Madagascar" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and Mascarenes east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83E54FE2498D2FDF6" box="[1129,1216,511,536]" name="Kiribati" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Kiribati</collectingCountry>
(Line Islands) and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83AAAFDFF9CFCFDD3" box="[151,238,548,573]" name="Pitcairn" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Pitcairn</collectingCountry>
Group, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to off northwestern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD839BDFDFF9FF8FDD3" box="[896,1002,548,573]" name="Australia" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Australia</collectingCountry>
, Lord Howe and Austral islands. Coral reefs, including lagoons, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA43FFD83B8CFD939E05FDB1" box="[433,535,584,608]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">
0– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA43FFD83BF3FD939E05FDB1" box="[462,535,584,608]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="generic">100 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFD549F16FD49" blockId="84.[151,1436,655,789]" box="[151,772,655,680]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA43FFD83AAAFD549E22FD46" authority="Lacepede, 1803" authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1803" box="[151,560,655,680]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boutton">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAFD549E22FD46" bold="true" box="[151,560,655,680]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAFD549D4CFD46" bold="true" box="[151,350,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Lutjanus boutton</emphasis>
(Lacepède, 1803)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— 
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA43FFD83871FD4B9EB4FD49" box="[588,678,656,679]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boutton">Boutton</taxonomicName>
snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFD6F9EE1FCFB" blockId="84.[151,1436,655,789]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83B89FD6F9E2CFD23" bold="true" box="[436,574,692,717]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens observed by G. R. Allen. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD8380BFD0C9EB1FD1E" box="[566,675,727,752]" name="Indonesia" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83935FD039F45FD1E" box="[776,855,728,752]" name="Samoa" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Samoa</collectingCountry>
, north to southern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83E00FD039892FD01" box="[1085,1152,728,751]" name="Japan" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Japan</collectingCountry>
. Found in coastal reefs, lagoons, and on seaward reef slopes, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA43FFD8380AFD279E82FCFA" box="[567,656,764,788]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="m" value="11.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="3.0">
3– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA43FFD8386EFD279E82FCFA" box="[595,656,764,788]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="generic">20 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFC9F9F9EFCB2" blockId="84.[151,1437,836,1040]" box="[151,908,836,861]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA43FFD83AAAFC9F9E95FCB3" authority="Richardson, 1842" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1842" box="[151,647,836,861]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carponotatus">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAFC9F9E95FCB3" bold="true" box="[151,647,836,861]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAFC9F9D8EFCB5" bold="true" box="[151,412,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Lutjanus carponotatus</emphasis>
(Richardson, 1842)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Spanish flag snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFCB39DF3FC4B" blockId="84.[151,1437,836,1040]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83BFFFCBC9E42FC6E" bold="true" box="[450,592,871,896]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 0 7. AMS material (AMS I.16675-001).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFC6B9CFDFBFE" blockId="84.[151,1437,836,1040]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83812FC749E7AFC26" box="[559,616,943,968]" name="India" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">India</collectingCountry>
east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD838FAFC749F57FC26" box="[711,837,943,968]" name="Philippines" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Philippines</collectingCountry>
and New 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83982FC749801FC26" box="[959,1043,943,968]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Guinea</collectingCountry>
, north to southern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83ED3FC749926FC26" box="[1262,1332,943,968]" name="China" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">China</collectingCountry>
, north to northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83B3CFC0F9D79FC03" box="[257,363,980,1005]" name="Australia" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Australia</collectingCountry>
. Solitary or in groups, in turbid coastal reefs, lagoons, or on seaward reef slopes, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA43FFD83F01FC0F998AFC02" box="[1340,1432,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="m" value="18.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="1.0">
1– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA43FFD83F6BFC0F998AFC02" box="[1366,1432,980,1005]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="generic">35 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFBE49F26FBB9" blockId="84.[151,1436,1087,1293]" box="[151,820,1087,1112]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA43FFD83AAAFBE49E24FBB6" authority="Peters, 1869" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1869" box="[151,566,1087,1112]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ehrenbergii">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAFBE49E24FBB6" bold="true" box="[151,566,1087,1112]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAFBE49D9EFBB6" bold="true" box="[151,396,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Lutjanus ehrenbergii</emphasis>
(Peters, 1869)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Ehrenberg's snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFBBF9816FB4E" blockId="84.[151,1436,1087,1293]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83B89FBBF9E52FB93" bold="true" box="[436,576,1124,1149]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 23; a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. NTUM material (NTUM 10124).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFB779CFEFAE3" blockId="84.[151,1436,1087,1293]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea and East Africa east to Pohnpei (
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83E30FB7798D9FB2B" box="[1037,1227,1196,1221]" name="Micronesia" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Caroline Islands</collectingCountry>
), north to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83F7EFB77998AFB2B" box="[1347,1432,1196,1221]" name="Taiwan" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, south to Queensland (
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83BAFFB149DEDFB06" box="[402,511,1231,1256]" name="Australia" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Australia</collectingCountry>
). Found in groups in coastal reefs and estuaries, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA43FFD83E09FB0B989DFB09" box="[1076,1167,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="1.0">
1– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA43FFD83E73FB0B989DFB09" box="[1102,1167,1232,1256]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="generic">20 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Transitional water and marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFAE79FD8FABA" blockId="84.[151,1436,1340,1544]" box="[151,970,1340,1365]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAFAE79EF2FABB" bold="true" box="[151,736,1340,1365]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA43FFD83AAAFAE79D81FABB" box="[151,403,1340,1365]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fulviflamma">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAFAE79D81FABB" bold="true" box="[151,403,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Lutjanus fulviflamma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
</emphasis>
—Blackspot snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFABB9CEAFA72" blockId="84.[151,1436,1340,1544]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by 
<bibRefCitation id="8663629DDA43FFD8393AFA849821FA96" author="Allen" box="[775,1075,1375,1400]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" refString="Allen, G. R. &amp; Talbot, F. H. (1985) Review of the snappers of the genus Lutjanus (Pisces: Lutjanidae) from the Indo-Pacific, with the description of a new species. Indo-Pacific Fishes, 11, 1 - 87, pls. 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1985">Allen &amp; Talbot (1985: 38)</bibRefCitation>
. Specimens photographed at St. CTR 22.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAFA729837F9E6" blockId="84.[151,1436,1340,1544]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
East Africa, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83B18FA7C9DBEFA2E" box="[293,428,1447,1472]" name="Madagascar" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and Mascarenes east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD838FDFA7C9F53FA2E" box="[704,833,1447,1472]" name="Philippines" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Philippines</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83970FA739F8BFA2E" box="[845,921,1448,1472]" name="Samoa" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Samoa</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD839ECFA729808FA2F" box="[977,1050,1449,1473]" name="Tonga" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Tonga</collectingCountry>
, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Western 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83AC1FA179D71FA0B" box="[252,355,1484,1509]" name="Australia" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Australia</collectingCountry>
and Lord Howe 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83816FA179E61FA0B" box="[555,627,1484,1509]" name="Iceland" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Island</collectingCountry>
. Found in coral reefs including sheltered lagoons, estuaries and lower reaches of rivers and streams, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA43FFD83BD7FA349E50F9E6" box="[490,578,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="0.0">
0– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA43FFD8383AFA349E50F9E6" box="[519,578,1519,1544]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="generic">35 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAF9EC988EF9BE" blockId="84.[151,1436,1591,1832]" box="[151,1180,1591,1616]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAF9EC9FAFF9BE" bold="true" box="[151,957,1591,1616]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA43FFD83AAAF9EC9D5CF9BE" box="[151,334,1591,1616]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fulvus">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAF9EC9D5CF9BE" bold="true" box="[151,334,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Lutjanus fulvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Schneider [ex Forster] in Bloch &amp; Schneider, 1801)
</emphasis>
—Blacktail snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAF9879F47F976" blockId="84.[151,1436,1591,1832]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang as 
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA43FFD83921F9869FEBF99A" box="[796,1017,1629,1652]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vaigiensis">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83921F9869FEBF99A" box="[796,1017,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Lutjanus vaigiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="8663629DDA43FFD83E11F9879906F99A" author="Kailola" box="[1068,1300,1628,1653]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" refString="Kailola, P. J. (1975) A catalogue of the fish reference collection at the Kanudi Fisheries Research Laboratory, Port Moresby. Department of Agriculture, Stock &amp; Fisheries, Port Moresby, Research Bulletin, 16, 1 - 277." type="journal article" year="1975">Kailola (1975: 134)</bibRefCitation>
. Specimens photographed at St. CTR 16. AMS, KFRS and WAM material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAF97F9905F8C6" blockId="84.[151,1436,1591,1832]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD838FFF97F9F5BF953" box="[706,841,1700,1725]" name="Madagascar" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and Mascarenes east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83E54F97F98D2F953" box="[1129,1216,1700,1725]" name="Kiribati" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Kiribati</collectingCountry>
(Line Islands) and Marquesas Islands, north to southern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83800F9129E92F90E" box="[573,640,1737,1760]" name="Japan" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Japan</collectingCountry>
, south to Queensland (
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD839BDF91C9FFFF90E" box="[896,1005,1735,1760]" name="Australia" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Australia</collectingCountry>
), 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA43FFD83E3CF91C98B7F90E" box="[1025,1189,1735,1760]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
and Rapa, introduced to Hawaiian Islands. Found in lagoon and semi-protected seaward coral and rocky reefs; juveniles sometimes in estuaries and the lower parts of freshwater streams, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA43FFD838E1F8D49F26F8C6" box="[732,820,1807,1832]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="m" value="37.5" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="0.0">
0– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA43FFD838C5F8D49F26F8C6" box="[760,820,1807,1832]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="generic">75 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAF88C987AF89E" blockId="84.[151,1436,1879,2013]" box="[151,1128,1879,1904]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAF88C9E8DF89E" bold="true" box="[151,671,1879,1904]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA43FFD83AAAF88C9D40F89E" box="[151,338,1879,1904]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gibbus">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA43FFD83AAAF88C9D40F89E" bold="true" box="[151,338,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Lutjanus gibbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
</emphasis>
—Paddletail snapper, humpback snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA43FFD83AAAF8A79F40F833" blockId="84.[151,1436,1879,2013]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by 
<bibRefCitation id="8663629DDA43FFD8392CF8A69FFDF87A" author="Munro" box="[785,1007,1916,1941]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" refString="Munro, I. S. R. (1958) The fishes of the New Guinea region. Fishery Bulletin, Territory of Papua and New Guinea, Port Moresby, 1, 97 - 369." type="journal article" year="1958">Munro (1958: 190)</bibRefCitation>
; record confirmed by 
<bibRefCitation id="8663629DDA43FFD83ED2F8A79D02F856" author="Allen" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" refString="Allen, G. R. &amp; Talbot, F. H. (1985) Review of the snappers of the genus Lutjanus (Pisces: Lutjanidae) from the Indo-Pacific, with the description of a new species. Indo-Pacific Fishes, 11, 1 - 87, pls. 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1985">Allen &amp; Talbot (1985: 44)</bibRefCitation>
. Specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 4, CTR 13, CTR 16, CTR 24; a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. AMS and NTUM material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFF439813FF16" blockId="85.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD9388DFF4C9F25FF5E" box="[688,823,151,176]" name="Madagascar" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and western Mascarenes east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93E9EFF4C98E8FF5E" box="[1187,1274,151,176]" name="Kiribati" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Kiribati</collectingCountry>
(Line Islands) and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93AF5FF669D02FF3B" box="[200,272,189,213]" name="Tonga" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Tonga</collectingCountry>
, north to southern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93BD5FF669E39FF3A" box="[488,555,189,212]" name="Japan" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Japan</collectingCountry>
, south to northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD9393EFF679F7BFF3B" box="[771,873,188,213]" name="Australia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Australia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93999FF669844FF3B" box="[932,1110,188,213]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
. Adults found in coral reefs, juveniles in seagrass beds or mixed sand and coral habitats, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA42FFD93905FF3B9F8CFF19" box="[824,926,224,248]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">
0– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA42FFD93969FF3B9F8CFF19" box="[852,926,224,248]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="generic">100 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFEFC9F35FED1" blockId="85.[151,1437,295,464]" box="[151,807,295,320]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93AAAFEFC9E05FEAE" authority="Macleay, 1882" authorityName="Macleay" authorityYear="1882" box="[151,535,295,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goldiei">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFEFC9E05FEAE" bold="true" box="[151,535,295,320]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFEFC9D46FEAE" bold="true" box="[151,340,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Lutjanus goldiei</emphasis>
(Macleay, 1882)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Papuan black snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFE979E09FE66" blockId="85.[151,1437,295,464]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93B8BFE979E50FE8B" bold="true" box="[438,578,332,357]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on a specimen photographed by W.-J. Chen on 
<date id="964C39ACDA42FFD93F6FFE979CC1FE66" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2012-12-06">6 Dec. 2012</date>
. CAS material (CAS 63445).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFE4F9FE2FE3E" blockId="85.[151,1437,295,464]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. New 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93858FE4F9EA8FE43" box="[613,698,404,429]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Guinea</collectingCountry>
; Ryukyu Islands. Found in freshwater streams, eggs and larvae in adjacent marine habitats, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA42FFD93B88FE639E1FFE21" box="[437,525,440,464]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="m" value="5.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="0.0">
0– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA42FFD93BEFFE639E1FFE21" box="[466,525,440,464]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="generic">10 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFE249FB2FDF9" blockId="85.[151,1436,511,680]" box="[151,928,511,536]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFE249EA2FDF6" bold="true" box="[151,688,511,536]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93AAAFE249D71FDF6" box="[151,355,511,536]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kasmira">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFE249D71FDF6" bold="true" box="[151,355,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Lutjanus kasmira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
</emphasis>
—Blue-lined snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFDFF98F5FDD3" blockId="85.[151,1436,511,680]" box="[151,1255,548,573]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93B89FDFF9E2CFDD3" bold="true" box="[436,574,548,573]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens observed by G. R. Allen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFD939934FD46" blockId="85.[151,1436,511,680]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East Africa, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD9397BFD9C9FDFFD8E" box="[838,973,583,608]" name="Madagascar" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and Mascarenes east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93EC1FD9C9941FD8E" box="[1276,1363,583,608]" name="Kiribati" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Kiribati</collectingCountry>
(Line Islands) and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93B14FDB79D92FD6B" box="[297,384,620,645]" name="Pitcairn" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Pitcairn</collectingCountry>
Group, north to southern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93896FDB69EF9FD6A" box="[683,747,621,644]" name="Japan" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Japan</collectingCountry>
and Ogasawara Islands, south to northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93EEEFDB69979FD6B" box="[1235,1387,620,645]" name="New Zealand" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
and Rapa. Adults found in coral and rocky reefs, juveniles in seagrass beds or patch reefs, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA42FFD93E60FD5498D0FD49" box="[1117,1218,655,680]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.325" metricValueMax="2.65" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="m" value="132.5" valueMax="265.0" valueMin="0.0">
0– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA42FFD93E44FD5498D0FD49" box="[1145,1218,655,680]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="generic">265 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFD0C9EACFCD6" blockId="85.[151,1436,727,896]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFD0C9F9FFD1E" bold="true" box="[151,909,727,752]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93AAAFD0C9D49FD1E" box="[151,347,727,752]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madras">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFD0C9D49FD1E" bold="true" box="[151,347,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Lutjanus madras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Valenciennes in 
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93811FD0C9E6CFD1E" box="[556,638,727,752]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Galeocerdo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="227" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuvier">Cuvier</taxonomicName>
&amp; Valenciennes, 1831)
</emphasis>
—Indian snapper STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93B82FD279E5FFCFB" bold="true" box="[447,589,764,789]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. NTUM material (NTUM 10112, 10294).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFC9F9F5EFC6E" blockId="85.[151,1436,727,896]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93812FC9F9EB5FCB3" box="[559,679,836,861]" name="Seychelles" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93938FC9F9F91FCB3" box="[773,899,836,861]" name="Philippines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Philippines</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93982FC9F9893FCB3" box="[959,1153,836,861]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
. Found in small to large aggregations, above coral or rocky outcrops, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA42FFD938ADFCBC9EFAFC91" box="[656,744,871,896]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="m" value="47.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="5.0">
5– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA42FFD93896FCBC9EFAFC91" box="[683,744,871,896]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="generic">90 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFC749FB9FC29" blockId="85.[151,1436,943,1077]" box="[151,939,943,968]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93AAAFC749EC6FC26" authority="Bloch &amp; Schneider, 1801" authorityName="Bloch &amp; Schneider" authorityYear="1801" box="[151,724,943,968]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malabaricus">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFC749EC6FC26" bold="true" box="[151,724,943,968]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFC749D87FC26" bold="true" box="[151,405,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Lutjanus malabaricus</emphasis>
(Bloch &amp; Schneider, 1801)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Malabar snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFC0F98EEFBDB" blockId="85.[151,1436,943,1077]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93B89FC0F9E2CFC03" bold="true" box="[436,574,980,1005]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on AMS material (AMS I.16660-001, I.16660-002). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Persian Gulf east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93935FC2C9F94FBFE" box="[776,902,1015,1040]" name="Philippines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Philippines</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93981FC239885FBFE" box="[956,1175,1015,1040]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93981FC239812FBE1" box="[956,1024,1016,1039]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetraodontidae" genus="Canthigaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papua">Papua</taxonomicName>
New Guinea
</collectingCountry>
, north to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93F3DFC2C9947FBFE" box="[1280,1365,1015,1040]" name="Taiwan" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, south to northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93B24FBC79D91FBDB" box="[281,387,1052,1077]" name="Australia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Australia</collectingCountry>
. Juveniles in coastal and seaward reefs, adults in deep water, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA42FFD93E0EFBC7988BFBDA" box="[1075,1177,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="m" value="25.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="10.0">
10– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA42FFD93E61FBC7988BFBDA" box="[1116,1177,1052,1076]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="generic">40 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFBBF9EF2FB92" blockId="85.[151,1436,1124,1256]" box="[151,736,1124,1149]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93AAAFBBF9E05FB93" authority="Popta, 1925" authorityName="Popta" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,535,1124,1149]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maxweberi">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFBBF9E05FB93" bold="true" box="[151,535,1124,1149]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFBBF9D96FB93" bold="true" box="[151,388,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Lutjanus maxweberi</emphasis>
Popta, 1925
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Pygmy snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFB539911FB06" blockId="85.[151,1436,1124,1256]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93B89FB5C9E2CFB4E" bold="true" box="[436,574,1159,1184]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens photographed by G. R. Allen. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Eastern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD938A0FB779F18FB2B" box="[669,778,1196,1221]" name="Indonesia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93948FB779FE1FB2B" box="[885,1011,1196,1221]" name="Philippines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Philippines</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93E0AFB76990DFB2B" box="[1079,1311,1196,1221]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93E0AFB76986EFB2A" box="[1079,1148,1197,1220]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetraodontidae" genus="Canthigaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papua">Papua</taxonomicName>
New Guinea
</collectingCountry>
. Found in freshwater streams, estuaries, and mangrove areas, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA42FFD938EBFB0B9F32FB09" box="[726,800,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="m" value="2.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="0.0">
0– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA42FFD938CFFB0B9F32FB09" box="[754,800,1232,1256]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="generic">4 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AAE84CE7DA42FFD93AAAFACC9E79FA96" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFACC9F49FAC1" blockId="85.[151,1437,1303,1472]" box="[151,859,1303,1328]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93AAAFACC9E7FFADE" ID-CoL="72Q33" authority="Allen &amp; Talbot, 1985" authorityName="Allen &amp; Talbot" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,621,1303,1328]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mizenkoi">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFACC9E7FFADE" bold="true" box="[151,621,1303,1328]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFACC9D7CFADE" bold="true" box="[151,366,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Lutjanus mizenkoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8663629DDA42FFD93B48FACC9E7FFADE" author="Allen" box="[373,621,1303,1328]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refString="Allen, G. R. &amp; Talbot, F. H. (1985) Review of the snappers of the genus Lutjanus (Pisces: Lutjanidae) from the Indo-Pacific, with the description of a new species. Indo-Pacific Fishes, 11, 1 - 87, pls. 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1985">Allen &amp; Talbot, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Mizenko's snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFAE79E79FA96" blockId="85.[151,1437,1303,1472]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93B80FAE79E58FABB" bold="true" box="[445,586,1340,1365]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. NTUM material (NTUM 10291).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AAE84CE7DA42FFDB3AAAFA5F991BFD94" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFA5F9FF5FA2E" blockId="85.[151,1437,1303,1472]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93803FA5F9EBCFA73" box="[574,686,1412,1437]" name="Indonesia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
; northwestern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD9395EFA5F9FDFFA73" box="[867,973,1412,1437]" name="Australia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Australia</collectingCountry>
; 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD939DDFA5E98DEFA73" box="[992,1228,1412,1437]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD939DDFA5E9837FA72" box="[992,1061,1413,1436]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetraodontidae" genus="Canthigaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papua">Papua</taxonomicName>
New Guinea
</collectingCountry>
; 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93EE2FA5E998BFA72" box="[1247,1433,1412,1436]" name="Samoa" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Western Samoa</collectingCountry>
. Occasionally on coral reefs, but mainly in deeper water, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA42FFD9392DFA7C9F91FA51" box="[784,899,1447,1472]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="m" value="80.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="10.0">
10– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA42FFD93904FA7C9F91FA51" box="[825,899,1447,1472]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="generic">150 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAFA349E95F9BE" blockId="85.[151,1436,1519,1725]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="C2E23842DA42FFD93AAAFA349E95F9BE" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFA349F6FF9E6" bold="true" box="[151,893,1519,1544]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93AAAFA349D81F9E6" ID-CoL="3WGBL" box="[151,403,1519,1544]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monostigma">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAFA349D81F9E6" bold="true" box="[151,403,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Lutjanus monostigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93B9FFA349DE4F9E6" box="[418,502,1519,1544]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Galeocerdo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="227" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuvier">Cuvier</taxonomicName>
in 
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93821FA349E7CF9E6" box="[540,622,1519,1544]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Galeocerdo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="227" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuvier">Cuvier</taxonomicName>
&amp; Valenciennes, 1828)
</emphasis>
—Onespot snapper STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang as 
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93912F9CE981CF9C3" box="[815,1038,1556,1581]" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutianus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lioglossus">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93912F9CE981CF9C3" box="[815,1038,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Lutianus lioglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<treatmentCitation id="6353397DDA42FFD93E78F9CE9903F9C2" author="Herre" box="[1093,1297,1556,1580]" page="12" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" year="1933">
<bibRefCitation id="8663629DDA42FFD93E78F9CE9903F9C2" author="Herre" box="[1093,1297,1556,1580]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refString="Herre, A. W. C. T. (1933) A check list of fishes known from Madang, New Guinea. Journal of the Pan-Pacific Research Institution, 8 (4), 12." type="journal article" year="1933">Herre (1933: 12)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Specimens photographed at St. CTR 13. AMS material.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAF9879E4DF953" blockId="85.[151,1436,1519,1725]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD938FFF9879F5BF99B" box="[706,841,1628,1653]" name="Madagascar" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and Mascarenes east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93E54F98798D2F99B" box="[1129,1216,1628,1653]" name="Kiribati" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Kiribati</collectingCountry>
(Line Islands) and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93AAAF9A49CE3F976" box="[151,241,1663,1688]" name="Pitcairn" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Pitcairn</collectingCountry>
, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to off northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93930F9A49F65F976" box="[781,887,1663,1688]" name="Australia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD939BFF95B9823F976" box="[898,1073,1663,1688]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
and Rapa. Found in coral reefs, usually close to shelter, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA42FFD93B99F97F9DEEF952" box="[420,508,1700,1725]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="m" value="30.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="1.0">
1– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA42FFD93B80F97F9DEEF952" box="[445,508,1700,1725]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="generic">60 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAF9379F40F8EA" blockId="85.[151,1437,1772,1941]" box="[151,850,1772,1797]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA42FFD93AAAF9379E77F8EB" authority="Bloch, 1790" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1790" box="[151,613,1772,1797]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quinquelineatus">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAF9379E77F8EB" bold="true" box="[151,613,1772,1797]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93AAAF9379DD3F8EB" bold="true" box="[151,449,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Lutjanus quinquelineatus</emphasis>
(Bloch, 1790)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Five-lined snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAF8CB9E79F8A2" blockId="85.[151,1437,1772,1941]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA42FFD93B82F8D49E5FF8C6" bold="true" box="[447,589,1807,1832]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. NTUM material (NTUM 10293).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA42FFD93AAAF883988CF87B" blockId="85.[151,1437,1772,1941]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Persian Gulf east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93929F88C9F2CF89E" box="[788,830,1879,1904]" name="Fiji" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Fiji</collectingCountry>
, north to southern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93E29F8829845F89E" box="[1044,1111,1881,1904]" name="Japan" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Japan</collectingCountry>
, south to Lord Howe 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA42FFD93F6CF88C998BF89E" box="[1361,1433,1879,1904]" name="Iceland" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Island</collectingCountry>
. Solitary or in groups, in coastal reefs, lagoons, and on seaward reef slopes, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA42FFD939DFF8A79828F87A" box="[994,1082,1916,1940]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="m" value="20.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="0.0">
0– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA42FFD939C3F8A79828F87A" box="[1022,1082,1916,1940]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="generic">40 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFF4C9825FF41" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,386]" box="[151,1079,151,176]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAFF4C9F45FF5E" bold="true" box="[151,855,151,176]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA41FFDA3AAAFF4C9D7FFF5E" box="[151,365,151,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivulatus">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAFF4C9D7FFF5E" bold="true" box="[151,365,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Lutjanus rivulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA41FFDA3B46FF4C9DDDFF5E" box="[379,463,151,176]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Galeocerdo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="86" pageNumber="227" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuvier">Cuvier</taxonomicName>
in 
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA41FFDA3BC8FF4C9E5AFF5E" box="[501,584,151,176]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Galeocerdo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="86" pageNumber="227" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuvier">Cuvier</taxonomicName>
&amp; Valenciennes, 1828)
</emphasis>
—Speckled snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFF609DF6FF18" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,386]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by 
<bibRefCitation id="8663629DDA41FFDA3933FF619FE3FF3D" author="Kailola" box="[782,1009,186,211]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" refString="Kailola, P. J. (1975) A catalogue of the fish reference collection at the Kanudi Fisheries Research Laboratory, Port Moresby. Department of Agriculture, Stock &amp; Fisheries, Port Moresby, Research Bulletin, 16, 1 - 277." type="journal article" year="1975">Kailola (1975: 132)</bibRefCitation>
. Specimens photographed at St. CTR 13. AMS and KFRS material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFEDA9FE1FE6C" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,386]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA38F9FEDB9F59FEF7" box="[708,843,256,281]" name="Madagascar" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and western Mascarenes east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3EF0FEDB9919FEF7" box="[1229,1291,256,281]" name="Palau" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Palau</collectingCountry>
and Society Islands, north to southern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3B87FEFF9DEFFED5" box="[442,509,292,315]" name="Japan" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Japan</collectingCountry>
, south to northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA38F3FEF89F2AFED2" box="[718,824,291,316]" name="Australia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA397EFEFF9FE3FED2" box="[835,1009,291,316]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3E1AFEFF9862FED2" box="[1063,1136,292,316]" name="Tonga" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Tonga</collectingCountry>
. Occasionally encountered in coral reefs or shallow inshore flats; adults on deep coastal slopes, juveniles on shallow algae-reef flats, often near freshwater runoffs, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA41FFDA3B97FEB19E1DFE6F" box="[426,527,362,386]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">
0– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA41FFDA3BFBFEB19E1DFE6F" box="[454,527,362,386]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="generic">100 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFE749E4DFDE0" blockId="86.[151,1437,431,631]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAFE749FD4FE26" bold="true" box="[151,966,431,456]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA41FFDA3AAAFE749D86FE26" box="[151,404,431,456]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufolineatus">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAFE749D86FE26" bold="true" box="[151,404,431,456]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Lutjanus rufolineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Valenciennes in 
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA41FFDA3859FE749EA4FE26" box="[612,694,431,456]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Galeocerdo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="86" pageNumber="227" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuvier">Cuvier</taxonomicName>
&amp; Valenciennes, 1830)
</emphasis>
—Golden-lined snapper STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3B88FE099E52FE05" bold="true" box="[437,576,466,491]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens collected by W.-J. Chen in Madang Bay. NTUM material (NTUM 10010, 10111).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFDC39F19FD99" blockId="86.[151,1437,431,631]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Andaman Sea east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3926FDC39FC6FDDF" box="[795,980,536,561]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Marshall Islands</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3E36FDC39848FDDE" box="[1035,1114,536,560]" name="Samoa" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Samoa</collectingCountry>
, north to southern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3F10FDC2997FFDDE" box="[1325,1389,537,560]" name="Japan" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Japan</collectingCountry>
and Ogasawara Islands, south to northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA387CFDE09EBAFDBA" box="[577,680,571,596]" name="Australia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Australia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA38E2FDE79F83FDBA" box="[735,913,571,596]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
. Usually in large aggregations hovering above steep coastal slopes and seaward reefs, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA41FFDA386DFD859EBAFD98" box="[592,680,606,631]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="26.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="2.0">
2– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA41FFDA3851FD859EBAFD98" box="[620,680,606,631]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="generic">50 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFD7F9EE5FD52" blockId="86.[151,1437,676,875]" box="[151,759,676,701]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA41FFDA3AAAFD7F9E08FD53" authority="Bleeker, 1849" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,538,676,701]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="russellii">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAFD7F9E08FD53" bold="true" box="[151,538,676,701]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAFD7F9D70FD53" bold="true" box="[151,354,676,701]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Lutjanus russellii</emphasis>
(Bleeker, 1849)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Russell's snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFD1C9DF3FCEC" blockId="86.[151,1437,676,875]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3BFFFD1D9E42FD31" bold="true" box="[450,592,710,735]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 0 7. AMS material (AMS I.16661-003).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFCD69986FC85" blockId="86.[151,1437,676,875]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA381AFCD79E86FCCB" box="[551,660,780,805]" name="Indonesia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA38D7FCD79F79FCCB" box="[746,875,780,805]" name="Philippines" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Philippines</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA394BFCD69FD0FCCB" box="[886,962,781,805]" name="Samoa" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Samoa</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA39C5FCD69852FCCB" box="[1016,1088,781,805]" name="Tonga" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Tonga</collectingCountry>
, north to southern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3F2FFCD69947FCCA" box="[1298,1365,781,804]" name="Japan" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Japan</collectingCountry>
, south to northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3B1DFCF49D9BFCA6" box="[288,393,815,840]" name="Australia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Australia</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3BF7FCEB9E6CFCA6" box="[458,638,815,840]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
. Inhabits offshore coral reefs and also inshore rocky and coral reefs; juveniles in estuaries and lower reaches of freshwater streams, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA41FFDA3964FC889FA3FC84" box="[857,945,851,875]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="40.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="0.0">
0– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA41FFDA3948FC889FA3FC84" box="[885,945,851,875]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="generic">80 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Freshwater, transitional water and marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFC439FD6FC5E" blockId="86.[151,1436,920,1155]" box="[151,964,920,945]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA41FFDA3AAAFC439EBCFC5F" authority="Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1824" authorityName="Quoy &amp; Gaimard" authorityYear="1824" box="[151,686,920,945]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semicinctus">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAFC439EBCFC5F" bold="true" box="[151,686,920,945]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAFC439D9CFC5F" bold="true" box="[151,398,920,945]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Lutjanus semicinctus</emphasis>
Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1824
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Black-banded snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFC679DF2FBF4" blockId="86.[151,1436,920,1155]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3B84FC609E56FC3A" bold="true" box="[441,580,955,980]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 23, CTR 25, CTR 32; a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. AMS and NTUM material (AMS I.17084-008; NTUM 10074).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFBFE9D01FB6D" blockId="86.[151,1436,920,1155]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Eastern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA38B5FBFF9EE7FBD3" box="[648,757,1060,1085]" name="Indonesia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
east to Caroline and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA39D7FBFF98BAFBD3" box="[1002,1192,1060,1085]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Solomon islands</collectingCountry>
, north to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3F2AFBFF998AFBD3" box="[1303,1432,1060,1085]" name="Philippines" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Philippines</collectingCountry>
, south to Queensland (
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3BB4FB9C9DE1FB8E" box="[393,499,1095,1120]" name="Australia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Australia</collectingCountry>
) and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA380DFB939EF2FB8E" box="[560,736,1095,1120]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
. Solitary or in small groups, in lagoon and seaward reefs, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA41FFDA3F59FB9C9CA2FB6C" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="20.5" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="5.0">
5– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA41FFDA3FBDFB9C9CA2FB6C" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="generic">36 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFB749F62FB29" blockId="86.[151,1436,1199,1329]" box="[151,880,1199,1224]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA41FFDA3AAAFB749EA3FB26" authority="Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1824" authorityName="Quoy &amp; Gaimard" authorityYear="1824" box="[151,689,1199,1224]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="timorensis">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAFB749EA3FB26" bold="true" box="[151,689,1199,1224]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAFB749D6CFB26" bold="true" box="[151,382,1199,1224]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Lutjanus timorensis</emphasis>
(Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1824)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Timor snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFB08999BFADF" blockId="86.[151,1436,1199,1329]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3B89FB089E2CFB02" bold="true" box="[436,574,1235,1260]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens observed by G. R. Allen. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA380AFB2E9EB8FAE0" box="[567,682,1269,1294]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA392DFB2D9F4DFAE0" box="[784,863,1270,1294]" name="Samoa" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Samoa</collectingCountry>
, north to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA39E4FB2E9848FAE0" box="[985,1114,1269,1294]" name="Philippines" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Philippines</collectingCountry>
, south to New 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3F2AFB2E997AFAE0" box="[1303,1384,1269,1294]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Guinea</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3AAAFAC39D44FADF" box="[151,342,1304,1329]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
. Solitary; young fishes occasionally in coastal reefs, adults deeper, offshore, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA41FFDA3E8FFAC39934FADE" box="[1202,1318,1304,1329]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="80.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="10.0">
10– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA41FFDA3EE1FAC39934FADE" box="[1244,1318,1304,1329]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="generic">150 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFA859F7DFA98" blockId="86.[151,1436,1374,1539]" box="[151,879,1374,1399]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA41FFDA3AAAFA859E79FA99" authority="Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1824" authorityName="Quoy &amp; Gaimard" authorityYear="1824" box="[151,619,1374,1399]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Lutjanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vitta">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAFA859E79FA99" bold="true" box="[151,619,1374,1399]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAFA859D25FA99" bold="true" box="[151,311,1374,1399]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Lutjanus vitta</emphasis>
(Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1824)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Brownstripe snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAFA599D72F9ED" blockId="86.[151,1436,1374,1539]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3B89FA5A9E2CFA74" bold="true" box="[436,574,1409,1434]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 32. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3810FA7F9EBAFA53" box="[557,680,1444,1469]" name="Seychelles" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
; 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA388BFA7F9EE2FA53" box="[694,752,1444,1469]" name="India" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">India</collectingCountry>
east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3971FA7F9815FA53" box="[844,1031,1444,1469]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Marshall Islands</collectingCountry>
and New 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3EBCFA7F98C7FA53" box="[1153,1237,1444,1469]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Guinea</collectingCountry>
, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3BFEFA1C9E38FA0E" box="[451,554,1479,1504]" name="Australia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Australia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3858FA139F0AFA0E" box="[613,792,1479,1504]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
. Solitary or in groups, in coastal or seaward coral reefs, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA41FFDA3AAAFA309CEFF9EC" box="[151,253,1515,1539]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" metricValueMax="7.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="41.0" valueMax="72.0" valueMin="10.0">
10– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA41FFDA3AFDFA309CEFF9EC" box="[192,253,1515,1539]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="generic">72 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAF9EB9EE1F9A6" blockId="86.[151,1436,1584,1783]" box="[151,755,1584,1609]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA41FFDA3AAAF9EB9E03F9A7" authority="Fowler, 1931" authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,529,1584,1609]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Macolor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macularis">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAF9EB9E03F9A7" bold="true" box="[151,529,1584,1609]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAF9EB9D61F9A7" bold="true" box="[151,371,1584,1609]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Macolor macularis</emphasis>
Fowler, 1931
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Midnight snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAF988981AF961" blockId="86.[151,1436,1584,1783]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3B84F9889E56F982" bold="true" box="[441,580,1619,1644]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 7, CTR 0 9, CTR 16, CTR 16B, CTR 24, CTR 25, CTR 28, CTR 32, CTR 34.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAF9429FBCF919" blockId="86.[151,1436,1584,1783]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3815F9429E82F95C" box="[552,656,1689,1714]" name="Maldives" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Maldives</collectingCountry>
east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA38D5F9429F8DF95C" box="[744,927,1689,1714]" name="Northern Mariana Islands" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Mariana Islands</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3996F9429810F95C" box="[939,1026,1689,1714]" name="Kiribati" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Kiribati</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3E2CF94298D5F95C" box="[1041,1223,1689,1714]" name="Kiribati" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Phoenix Islands</collectingCountry>
) and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3F3BF9429947F95F" box="[1286,1365,1689,1713]" name="Samoa" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Samoa</collectingCountry>
, north to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3A89F9679D14F93B" box="[180,262,1724,1749]" name="Taiwan" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
and Yaeyama Islands, south to northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA38ECF9679F2AF93B" box="[721,824,1724,1749]" name="Australia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Australia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3952F9669832F93B" box="[879,1056,1724,1749]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
. Solitary or in groups, at the edge of steep slopes of lagoons, passes, and seaward reefs, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA41FFDA38CFF9049F58F919" box="[754,842,1759,1783]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="46.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="3.0">
3– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA41FFDA3930F9049F58F919" box="[781,842,1759,1783]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="generic">90 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAF8FF9F56F8D2" blockId="86.[151,1437,1828,2028]" box="[151,836,1828,1853]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAF8FF9E9BF8D3" bold="true" box="[151,649,1828,1853]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA41FFDA3AAAF8FF9D2FF8D3" box="[151,317,1828,1853]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Macolor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3AAAF8FF9D2FF8D3" bold="true" box="[151,317,1828,1853]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Macolor niger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
</emphasis>
—Black snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAF893980FF86D" blockId="86.[151,1437,1828,2028]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA41FFDA3B84F89C9E56F88E" bold="true" box="[441,580,1863,1888]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 4, CTR 0 5, CTR 13, CTR 28. AMS material (AMS I.16676-003, I.17090-037).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA41FFDA3AAAF8559875F802" blockId="86.[151,1437,1828,2028]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East Africa, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA390FF8569FABF848" box="[818,953,1933,1958]" name="Madagascar" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and western Mascarenes east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3F04F8569CFBF827" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Marshall Islands</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3AC9F86A9D52F827" box="[244,320,1969,1993]" name="Samoa" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Samoa</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3B4BF86A9DACF827" box="[374,446,1969,1993]" name="Tonga" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Tonga</collectingCountry>
, north to southern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA38B2F86A9EC0F826" box="[655,722,1969,1992]" name="Japan" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Japan</collectingCountry>
, south to off northwestern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA39C0F86B9871F827" box="[1021,1123,1968,1993]" name="Australia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Australia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA41FFDA3EA7F86A9958F827" box="[1178,1354,1968,1993]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
. Found on steep outer walls of lagoon, channel and seaward coral reef slopes, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA41FFDA3996F80F9811F805" box="[939,1027,2004,2028]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="45.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="1.0">
1– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA41FFDA39F8F80F9811F805" box="[965,1027,2004,2028]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="generic">90 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA40FFDB3AAAFF4C9EA0FF5E" blockId="87.[151,1436,151,320]" box="[151,690,151,176]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA40FFDB3AAAFF4C9DFEFF5E" authority="Bleeker, 1869" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1869" box="[151,492,151,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Pinjalo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lewisi">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA40FFDB3AAAFF4C9DFEFF5E" bold="true" box="[151,492,151,176]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA40FFDB3AAAFF4C9D21FF5E" bold="true" box="[151,307,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Pinjalo lewisi</emphasis>
(Bleeker, 1869)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Slender pinjalo
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA40FFDB3AAAFF679CCFFF16" blockId="87.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA40FFDB3B83FF679E5EFF3B" bold="true" box="[446,588,188,213]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens observed and photographed by G. R. Allen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA40FFDB3AAAFEDF9E07FEAE" blockId="87.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Persian Gulf east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA40FFDB391CFEDE9811FEF3" box="[801,1027,260,285]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA40FFDB391CFEDE9F74FEF2" box="[801,870,261,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Tetraodontidae" genus="Canthigaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="87" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papua">Papua</taxonomicName>
New Guinea
</collectingCountry>
, north to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA40FFDB3E4BFEDF98DEFEF3" box="[1142,1228,260,285]" name="Taiwan" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
. In schools above seaward reefs, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA40FFDB3B03FEF39DA0FED1" box="[318,434,296,320]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="60.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="20.0">
20– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA40FFDB3B54FEF39DA0FED1" box="[361,434,296,320]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="generic">100 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA40FFDB3AAAFEB19F2CFE6C" blockId="87.[151,1436,362,634]" box="[151,830,362,387]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA40FFDB3AAAFEB19E68FE6D" authority="Gunther, 1874" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,634,362,387]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Symphorichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spilurus">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA40FFDB3AAAFEB19E68FE6D" bold="true" box="[151,634,362,387]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA40FFDB3AAAFEB19DA7FE6D" bold="true" box="[151,437,362,387]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Symphorichthys spilurus</emphasis>
(Günther, 1874)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Sailfin snapper
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA40FFDB3AAAFE549856FE01" blockId="87.[151,1436,362,634]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA40FFDB3B89FE559E2CFE49" bold="true" box="[436,574,398,423]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens photographed by A. Berberian. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA40FFDB381BFE699E81FE25" box="[550,659,434,459]" name="Indonesia" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA40FFDB38D5FE699F34FE25" box="[744,806,434,459]" name="Palau" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Palau</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA40FFDB3966FE689FA8FE24" box="[859,954,435,458]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA40FFDB3AAAFE0D9CECFE01" box="[151,254,470,495]" name="Australia" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Australia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA40FFDB3B09FE0C9DF7FE01" box="[308,485,470,495]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
. Found in mixed sand-coral habitats, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA40FFDB39B4FE0D9FF3FE00" box="[905,993,470,495]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="32.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="5.0">
5– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA40FFDB3999FE0D9FF3FE00" box="[932,993,470,495]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="generic">60 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA40FFDB3AAAFE219EEAFDFE" blockId="87.[151,1436,362,634]" box="[151,760,506,529]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<taxonomicName id="25F264EFDA40FFDB3AAAFE219E43FDFE" authority="Bleeker, 1860" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,593,506,529]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lutjanidae" genus="Symphorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nematophorus">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA40FFDB3AAAFE219E43FDFE" bold="true" box="[151,593,506,529]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA40FFDB3AAAFE219DB8FDFF" bold="true" box="[151,426,506,529]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Symphorus nematophorus</emphasis>
(Bleeker, 1860)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Chinamanfish
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24D1F6CDA40FFDB3AAAFDC2991BFD94" blockId="87.[151,1436,362,634]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
STATUS AT MADANG. 
<emphasis id="D086C37EDA40FFDB3B89FDC29E2CFDDC" bold="true" box="[436,574,537,562]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">New record</emphasis>
from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 30. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA40FFDB3810FDE69E88FDB8" box="[557,666,573,598]" name="Indonesia" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
east to 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA40FFDB38CAFDE69F67FDB8" box="[759,885,573,598]" name="Philippines" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Philippines</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA40FFDB398DFDE5981DFDBB" box="[944,1039,574,597]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA40FFDB3AC1FDBA9D71FD94" box="[252,355,609,634]" name="Australia" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Australia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9AE55FFCDA40FFDB3BA7FDB99E59FD94" box="[410,587,609,634]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
. Solitary or in groups, in coastal coral reefs, 
<quantity id="250AB289DA40FFDB3E02FDBA98B7FD97" box="[1087,1189,609,634]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="52.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="5.0">
5– 
<specimenCount id="F4F4D4E5DA40FFDB3E66FDBA98B7FD97" box="[1115,1189,609,634]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="generic">100 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Marine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>