Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of Madang District, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 820 new records Author Fricke, Ronald Author Allen, Gerald R. Author Andréfouët, Serge Author Chen, Wei-Jen Author Hamel, Mélanie A. Author Laboute, Pierre Author Mana, Ralph Author Hui, Tan Heok Author Uyeno, Daisuke text Zootaxa 2014 3832 1 1 247 journal article 45252 10.11646/zootaxa.3832.1.1 8646401a-8028-4795-a6d6-1f9d75607e41 1175-5326 250559 BAB612A4-03DB-4958-BEB1-92DE278FBB90 Lutjanidae Aphareus furca (Lacepède [ex Commerson ], 1801) —Blue smalltooth jobfish STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed by G. R. Allen. CAS material (CAS 66113). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, Comores and western Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan , south to northwestern Australia , New Caledonia and Tonga . Found in lagoons, coral and rocky reefs, 1– 122 m . Marine. Aprion virescens Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1830 —Green jobfish STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed by G. R. Allen. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian and Marquesas islands, north to southern Japan , south to Port Hedland (Western Australia ), New South Wales ( Australia ), Lord Howe Island , and Tonga . Found in open water of deep lagoons, channels, or seaward reefs, 1– 180 m . Marine. Etelis coruscans Valenciennes, 1862 —Flame snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. NTUM material (NTUM 10110). Two forms are known of this species , a short-tailed and a long-tailed form ( Anderson & Allen 2001 : 2858). Both forms are found in Madang region, where the short-tailed form is generally restricted to seamounts while the long-tailed form, although found on seamounts, occurs more commonly on island slopes. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, Comores and western Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands and Samoa , north to southern Japan , south to Western Australia , northern New Zealand , and Tonga . Found above rock bottom, 90– 400 m . Marine. Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) —River snapper, mangrove jack STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Munro (1958: 187) ; record confirmed by Allen & Talbot (1985: 20) . AMS, CAS and CSIRO material. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East Africa, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Kiribati (Line Islands) and Society Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia and Tonga , immigrated through the Suez Canal into the eastern Mediterranean. Juveniles and young adults occur in estuaries, the lower reaches of freshwater streams and tidal creeks; adults are often found in groups around coral or rocky reefs, 0– 100 m . Freshwater, transitional water and marine. Lutjanus biguttatus (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1830) —Twospot snapper STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Allen & Talbot (1985: 23) . Specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 3, CTR 0 4, CTR 0 8, CTR 0 9, CTR 22, CTR 25, CTR 28, CTR 32, CTR 33. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. India and Maldives east to Philippines and Solomon Islands , south to Queensland ( Australia ). Found solitary or in small groups, in coastal reefs, lagoons, and on seaward reef slopes, 3– 36 m . Freshwater, transitional water and marine. Lutjanus bohar (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) —Red snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 16; a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen on 4 Dec. 2012 . AMS and NTUM material (AMS I.16761-001; NTUM 10095). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Kiribati (Line Islands) and Pitcairn Group, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to off northwestern Australia , Lord Howe and Austral islands. Coral reefs, including lagoons, 0– 100 m . Marine. Lutjanus boutton (Lacepède, 1803) — Boutton snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed by G. R. Allen. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to Samoa , north to southern Japan . Found in coastal reefs, lagoons, and on seaward reef slopes, 3– 20 m . Marine. Lutjanus carponotatus (Richardson, 1842) —Spanish flag snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 0 7. AMS material (AMS I.16675-001). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. India east to Philippines and New Guinea , north to southern China , north to northern Australia . Solitary or in groups, in turbid coastal reefs, lagoons, or on seaward reef slopes, 1– 35 m . Marine. Lutjanus ehrenbergii (Peters, 1869) —Ehrenberg's snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 23; a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. NTUM material (NTUM 10124). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea and East Africa east to Pohnpei ( Caroline Islands ), north to Taiwan , south to Queensland ( Australia ). Found in groups in coastal reefs and estuaries, 1– 20 m . Transitional water and marine. Lutjanus fulviflamma (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) —Blackspot snapper STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Allen & Talbot (1985: 38) . Specimens photographed at St. CTR 22. East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Philippines , Samoa and Tonga , north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Western Australia and Lord Howe Island . Found in coral reefs including sheltered lagoons, estuaries and lower reaches of rivers and streams, 0– 35 m . Freshwater, transitional water and marine. Lutjanus fulvus (Schneider [ex Forster] in Bloch & Schneider, 1801) —Blacktail snapper STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang as Lutjanus vaigiensis by Kailola (1975: 134) . Specimens photographed at St. CTR 16. AMS, KFRS and WAM material. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Kiribati (Line Islands) and Marquesas Islands, north to southern Japan , south to Queensland ( Australia ), Norfolk Island and Rapa, introduced to Hawaiian Islands. Found in lagoon and semi-protected seaward coral and rocky reefs; juveniles sometimes in estuaries and the lower parts of freshwater streams, 0– 75 m . Freshwater, transitional water and marine. Lutjanus gibbus (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) —Paddletail snapper, humpback snapper STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Munro (1958: 190) ; record confirmed by Allen & Talbot (1985: 44) . Specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 4, CTR 13, CTR 16, CTR 24; a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. AMS and NTUM material. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Kiribati (Line Islands) and Tonga , north to southern Japan , south to northern Australia and New Caledonia . Adults found in coral reefs, juveniles in seagrass beds or mixed sand and coral habitats, 0– 100 m . Marine. Lutjanus goldiei (Macleay, 1882) —Papuan black snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen photographed by W.-J. Chen on 6 Dec. 2012 . CAS material (CAS 63445). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. New Guinea ; Ryukyu Islands. Found in freshwater streams, eggs and larvae in adjacent marine habitats, 0– 10 m . Freshwater, transitional water and marine. Lutjanus kasmira (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) —Blue-lined snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed by G. R. Allen. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Kiribati (Line Islands) and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to northern New Zealand and Rapa. Adults found in coral and rocky reefs, juveniles in seagrass beds or patch reefs, 0– 265 m . Marine. Lutjanus madras (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831) —Indian snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. NTUM material (NTUM 10112, 10294). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Seychelles east to Philippines and Solomon Islands . Found in small to large aggregations, above coral or rocky outcrops, 5– 90 m . Marine. Lutjanus malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) —Malabar snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on AMS material (AMS I.16660-001, I.16660-002). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Persian Gulf east to Philippines and Papua New Guinea , north to Taiwan , south to northern Australia . Juveniles in coastal and seaward reefs, adults in deep water, 10– 40 m . Marine. Lutjanus maxweberi Popta, 1925 —Pygmy snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed by G. R. Allen. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Eastern Indonesia east to Philippines and Papua New Guinea . Found in freshwater streams, estuaries, and mangrove areas, 0– 4 m . Freshwater, transitional water and marine. Lutjanus mizenkoi Allen & Talbot, 1985 —Mizenko's snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. NTUM material (NTUM 10291). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia ; northwestern Australia ; Papua New Guinea ; Western Samoa . Occasionally on coral reefs, but mainly in deeper water, 10– 150 m . Marine. Lutjanus monostigma ( Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1828) —Onespot snapper STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang as Lutianus lioglossus by Herre (1933: 12) . Specimens photographed at St. CTR 13. AMS material. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Kiribati (Line Islands) and Pitcairn , north to Ryukyu Islands, south to off northern Australia , New Caledonia and Rapa. Found in coral reefs, usually close to shelter, 1– 60 m . Marine. Lutjanus quinquelineatus (Bloch, 1790) —Five-lined snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. NTUM material (NTUM 10293). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Persian Gulf east to Fiji , north to southern Japan , south to Lord Howe Island . Solitary or in groups, in coastal reefs, lagoons, and on seaward reef slopes, 0– 40 m . Marine. Lutjanus rivulatus ( Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1828) —Speckled snapper STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang by Kailola (1975: 132) . Specimens photographed at St. CTR 13. AMS and KFRS material. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. East Africa, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Palau and Society Islands, north to southern Japan , south to northern Australia , New Caledonia and Tonga . Occasionally encountered in coral reefs or shallow inshore flats; adults on deep coastal slopes, juveniles on shallow algae-reef flats, often near freshwater runoffs, 0– 100 m . Freshwater, transitional water and marine. Lutjanus rufolineatus (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1830) —Golden-lined snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens collected by W.-J. Chen in Madang Bay. NTUM material (NTUM 10010, 10111). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Andaman Sea east to Marshall Islands and Samoa , north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia . Usually in large aggregations hovering above steep coastal slopes and seaward reefs, 2– 50 m . Marine. Lutjanus russellii (Bleeker, 1849) —Russell's snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 0 7. AMS material (AMS I.16661-003). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to Philippines , Samoa and Tonga , north to southern Japan , south to northern Australia , and New Caledonia . Inhabits offshore coral reefs and also inshore rocky and coral reefs; juveniles in estuaries and lower reaches of freshwater streams, 0– 80 m . Freshwater, transitional water and marine. Lutjanus semicinctus Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 —Black-banded snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 23, CTR 25, CTR 32; a specimen collected by W.-J. Chen on Madang Market. AMS and NTUM material (AMS I.17084-008; NTUM 10074). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Eastern Indonesia east to Caroline and Solomon islands , north to Philippines , south to Queensland ( Australia ) and New Caledonia . Solitary or in small groups, in lagoon and seaward reefs, 5– 36 m . Marine. Lutjanus timorensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) —Timor snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed by G. R. Allen. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Sri Lanka east to Samoa , north to Philippines , south to New Guinea and Solomon Islands . Solitary; young fishes occasionally in coastal reefs, adults deeper, offshore, 10– 150 m . Marine. Lutjanus vitta (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) —Brownstripe snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 32. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Seychelles ; India east to Marshall Islands and New Guinea , north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia . Solitary or in groups, in coastal or seaward coral reefs, 10– 72 m . Marine. Macolor macularis Fowler, 1931 —Midnight snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 7, CTR 0 9, CTR 16, CTR 16B, CTR 24, CTR 25, CTR 28, CTR 32, CTR 34. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Maldives east to Mariana Islands , Kiribati ( Phoenix Islands ) and Samoa , north to Taiwan and Yaeyama Islands, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia . Solitary or in groups, at the edge of steep slopes of lagoons, passes, and seaward reefs, 3– 90 m . Marine. Macolor niger (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) —Black snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 4, CTR 0 5, CTR 13, CTR 28. AMS material (AMS I.16676-003, I.17090-037). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East Africa, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Marshall Islands , Samoa and Tonga , north to southern Japan , south to off northwestern Australia and New Caledonia . Found on steep outer walls of lagoon, channel and seaward coral reef slopes, 1– 90 m . Marine. Pinjalo lewisi (Bleeker, 1869) —Slender pinjalo STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed and photographed by G. R. Allen. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Persian Gulf east to Papua New Guinea , north to Taiwan . In schools above seaward reefs, 20– 100 m . Marine. Symphorichthys spilurus (Günther, 1874) —Sailfin snapper STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed by A. Berberian. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to Palau and Vanuatu , north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia . Found in mixed sand-coral habitats, 5– 60 m . Marine. Symphorus nematophorus (Bleeker, 1860) —Chinamanfish STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 30. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Indonesia east to Philippines and Vanuatu , north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia . Solitary or in groups, in coastal coral reefs, 5– 100 m . Marine.