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<document id="C901166DEF55DD51D31B60C13784B152" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5360.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9807050a-8ef5-4251-a385-11eecbb06227" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10084843" ID-ZooBank="1A2295D0-E7D6-4738-BD23-E0743E3F19CA" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1698938070764" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bang, Woo Jun &amp; Shin, Seunggwan" docDate="2023" docId="5E6B87F2FFB1FFA42B9EF9B0FA62D148" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5360.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5360 (1)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5360.1.3/52105" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Chaoborus flavicans" docType="key" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="A252FF8AFFB7FFAC2B09FFC9FFFED04D" masterDocTitle="A new species of the Chaoborus flavicans complex (Diptera, Chaoboridae) in South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1699699869657" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D81A3B2EBD165AF25CA63AD43B21AD9E">A new species of the Chaoborus flavicans complex (Diptera, Chaoboridae) in South Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E88FCB5E0A269E6F5F1EAEB0F2DC07A2">Bang, Woo Jun</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A437F179A49369ACDAED7AEAFA281048" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3557-7646</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="88F233A02EA58C28192EC077A29F0C25">School of Biological Sciences, Seoul 08826, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea &amp; Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3AE8677BCB2672648F18137E49ECED8A" type="email">woojunbang@snu.ac.kr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E59CB8E11293903E0079E8FBA58C4913">Shin, Seunggwan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9180EE5961F432A710C7172303703DD5" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4258-8661</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A32C1A0F3A7DE78A0D04EB7E5D1AD3E2">School of Biological Sciences, Seoul 08826, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea &amp; Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="983F2C683E15CB083DDF3C707450EC0A" type="email">sk83@snu.ac.kr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="E283059A32DE77466D98DBD6ADD8F4E7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A99553B656769EB7992C864DFB61F203">
<mods:date id="D22C39C5650C1EB048C49D52329EEC79">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8E0428A3F277DEB031289432746D254C">2023-10-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="88B2389B285A0B1ED2C49098AFB06956">5360</mods:number>
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<treatment id="5E6B87F2FFB1FFA42B9EF9B0FA62D148" ID-GBIF-Taxon="217220395" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E6B87F2FFB1FFA42B9EF9B0FA62D148" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E6B87F2FFB1FFA42B9EF9B0FA62D148" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<subSubSection id="9ED8656FFFB1FFAA2B9EF9B0FB9ED6DE" box="[151,1120,1657,1684]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB1FFAA2B9EF9B0FB9ED6DE" blockId="6.[151,1120,1657,1684]" box="[151,1120,1657,1684]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<heading id="8D358188FFB1FFAA2B9EF9B0FB9ED6DE" bold="true" box="[151,1120,1657,1684]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB1FFAA2B9EF9B0FB9ED6DE" bold="true" box="[151,1120,1657,1684]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
Key to species of
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB1FFAA2A67F9B0FD96D6D9" ID-CoL="8BFQJ" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[366,616,1657,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicans">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB1FFAA2A67F9B0FD96D6D9" bold="true" box="[366,616,1657,1684]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Chaoborus flavicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex (based on
<bibRefCitation id="B2534B15FFB1FFAA2856F9B0FBA6D6DE" author="Salmela, J. &amp; Harma, O. &amp; Taylor, D. J." box="[863,1112,1657,1684]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" pagination="151 - 196" refId="ref7342" refString="Salmela, J., Harma, O. &amp; Taylor, D. J. (2021 b) Chaoborus flavicans Meigen (Diptera, Chaoboridae) is a complex of lake and pond dwelling species: a revision. Zootaxa, 4927 (2), 151 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4927.2.1" type="journal article" year="2021">
Salmela
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB1FFAA28C0F9B3FC03D6D9" bold="true" box="[969,1021,1657,1684]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">et al</emphasis>
. 2021b
</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9ED8656FFFB1FFAA2B9EF908FEDCD696" box="[151,290,1729,1755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB1FFAA2B9EF908FEDCD696" blockId="6.[151,290,1729,1755]" box="[151,290,1729,1755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<heading id="8D358188FFB1FFAA2B9EF908FEDCD696" bold="true" box="[151,290,1729,1755]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB1FFAA2B9EF908FEDCD696" bold="true" box="[151,290,1729,1755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Adult male</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9ED8656FFFB1FFAA2B9EF8CFFA62D786" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="key">
<keyStep id="6D362E41FFB1FFAA2B9EF8CFFA62D71B" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB1FFAA2B9EF8CFFA62D751" blockId="6.[151,1437,1798,1996]" box="[151,1436,1798,1820]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB1FFAA2B9EF8CFFA62D751" box="[151,1436,1798,1820]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
1. Gonostylus rather short, length/width 9.43 (7.9–10.7); paramere dark, apical claw relatively long.........
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB1FFAA2FF0F8CFFA62D751" authority="Salmela" authorityName="Salmela" authorityYear="2021" box="[1273,1436,1798,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="posio">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB1FFAA2FF0F8CFFAF7D756" box="[1273,1289,1798,1819]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB1FFAA2E1CF8CEFAB7D751" box="[1301,1353,1799,1820]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">posio</emphasis>
Salmela
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB1FFAA2B9EF8EDFA62D71B" blockId="6.[151,1437,1798,1996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB1FFAA2B9EF8EDFA62D71B" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
- Gonostylus rather narrow and long, length/width 12.6–13.7 (10.2–16.2); paramere light brown to brown, unicolorous or bicolorous, apical claw relatively short (
<figureCitation id="4EF92A61FFB1FFAA296DF888FD56D71B" box="[612,680,1857,1879]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,898,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-55@4.[151,1436,891,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chaoborus pseudoflavicans sp. nov., hypopygium, (a) dorsal view (scale bar 200 μm), (b) parameres viewed in different positions (scale bar 50 μm). gst = gonostylus, pm = paramere, gx = gonocoxite, ac = apical claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084851/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
)............................................................. 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D362E41FFB1FFAA2B9EF897FA62D7DC" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB1FFAA2B9EF897FA63D739" blockId="6.[151,1437,1798,1996]" box="[151,1437,1886,1908]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB1FFAA2B9EF897FA63D739" box="[151,1437,1886,1908]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
2. Paramere bicolorous, apical claw relatively narrow and gently curved or straight...................
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB1FFAA2FC3F897FA63D739" ID-CoL="8BFQJ" authority="(Meigen)" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1226,1437,1886,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicans">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB1FFAA2FC3F897FB24D73E" box="[1226,1242,1886,1907]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB1FFAA2FEFF897FAC3D73E" box="[1254,1341,1886,1907]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">flavicans</emphasis>
(Meigen)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB1FFAA2B9EF8B5FA62D7DC" blockId="6.[151,1437,1798,1996]" box="[151,1436,1915,1937]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB1FFAA2B9EF8B5FA62D7DC" box="[151,1436,1915,1937]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">- Paramere unicolorous, apical claw relatively stout and curved.................................................. 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D362E41FFB1FFAA2B9EF850FA62D786" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB1FFAA2B9EF850FA62D7E2" blockId="6.[151,1437,1798,1996]" box="[151,1436,1945,1967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB1FFAA2B9EF850FA62D7E2" box="[151,1436,1945,1967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
3. Paramere medially bent and constricted (
<figureCitation id="4EF92A61FFB1FFAA2962F850FD36D7E2" box="[619,712,1945,1967]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,898,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-55@4.[151,1436,891,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chaoborus pseudoflavicans sp. nov., hypopygium, (a) dorsal view (scale bar 200 μm), (b) parameres viewed in different positions (scale bar 50 μm). gst = gonostylus, pm = paramere, gx = gonocoxite, ac = apical claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084851/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Fig. 3b–c</figureCitation>
)..........................
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB1FFAA2F19F850FB39D7E3" authority="Bang &amp; Shin, 2023" authorityName="Bang &amp; Shin" authorityYear="2023" box="[1040,1223,1945,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudoflavicans" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB1FFAA2F19F850FBDED7E3" box="[1040,1056,1945,1966]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB1FFAA2F25F850FB39D7E3" box="[1068,1223,1945,1966]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">pseudoflavicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB1FFAA2FC5F850FAE7D7E3" bold="true" box="[1228,1305,1945,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FF85578DFFB1FFAA2FC5F850FAE7D7E3" box="[1228,1305,1945,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Bang &amp; Shin
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB1FFAA2B9EF87EFA62D786" blockId="6.[151,1437,1798,1996]" box="[151,1436,1974,1996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB1FFAA2B9EF87EFA62D786" box="[151,1436,1974,1996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
- Paramere almost straight or slightly curved...........................................
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB1FFAA2F8CF87FFA62D786" ID-CoL="87ZZ3" authority="(Johannsen, 1903)" baseAuthorityName="Johannsen" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1157,1436,1974,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipes">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB1FFAA2F8CF87FFB6BD786" box="[1157,1173,1974,1995]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB1FFAA2FA8F87FFB18D786" box="[1185,1254,1974,1995]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">albipes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B2534B15FFB1FFAA2FFAF87FFA6BD786" author="Johannsen, O. A." box="[1267,1429,1974,1996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" pagination="327 - 448" refId="ref6727" refString="Johannsen, O. A. (1903) Aquatic nematocerous Diptera. New York State Museum Bulletin, 68 (Entomology 18), 327 - 448, pls. 32 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8531" type="journal article" year="1903">Johannsen, 1903</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="82BD666CFFB0FFAB2B91FB60FAEDD53B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084859" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10084859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084859/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" startId="7.[152,255,1193,1217]" targetBox="[151,1428,181,1162]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB0FFAB2B91FB60FAEDD53B" blockId="7.[151,1437,1193,1398]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2B91FB60FEE6D48C" bold="true" box="[152,280,1193,1217]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
A neighbor-joining tree of the
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB0FFAB295AFB63FD2AD48F" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1912" box="[595,724,1194,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chaoboridae</taxonomicName>
species based on the pairwise distance model using the mitochondrial DNA barcoding region (COI). In all, 552 COI sequences (
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB0FFAB280DFB07FC36D4AB" authority="Bang &amp; Shin, 2023" authorityName="Bang &amp; Shin" authorityYear="2023" box="[772,968,1230,1254]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudoflavicans" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB280DFB07FCEBD4A8" box="[772,789,1230,1253]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB282CFB07FC36D4AB" box="[805,968,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">pseudoflavicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB28DBFB07FBD8D4AB" bold="true" box="[978,1062,1230,1254]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FF85578DFFB0FFAB28DBFB07FBD8D4AB" box="[978,1062,1230,1254]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, eight specimens sequenced in this study) were used to construct the NJ tree using MEGA 11. The red asterisk indicates that the collected Chaoborids clustered with
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB0FFAB2BC2FADFFE6FD560" box="[203,401,1302,1326]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2BC2FADFFEC2D563" box="[203,316,1302,1326]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Chaoborus</emphasis>
JPN sp.
</taxonomicName>
(MK281356) with&gt; 99% support, and black asterisks indicate the species of the
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB0FFAB2FDAFADFFAB2D563" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1235,1356,1302,1326]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicans">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2FDAFADFFB1AD560" box="[1235,1252,1302,1325]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2FF8FADFFAB2D563" box="[1265,1356,1302,1326]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">flavicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species complex. The light blue shading indicates the recorded species of
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB0FFAB2831FAF3FC47D51F" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1912" box="[824,953,1338,1362]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chaoboridae</taxonomicName>
in South Korea. Three species of
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB0FFAB2E1CFAF3FA88D51F" box="[1301,1398,1338,1362]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Culicidae</taxonomicName>
are used as outgroups. Triangles represent collapsed clades to save space. F = female, M = male, P = pupa, L = larva.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="9ED8656FFFB0FFAB2B9EFA01FC28D66E" box="[151,982,1480,1571]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB0FFAB2B9EFA01FF1BD5AF" blockId="7.[151,229,1480,1506]" box="[151,229,1480,1506]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<heading id="8D358188FFB0FFAB2B9EFA01FF1BD5AF" bold="true" box="[151,229,1480,1506]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2B9EFA01FF1BD5AF" bold="true" box="[151,229,1480,1506]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Pupae</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB0FFAB2B9EF9C4FC28D66E" blockId="7.[151,1436,1549,1717]" box="[151,982,1549,1571]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">* Pond-dwelling specimens are hard to distinguish due to intraspecific variation.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9ED8656FFFB0FFAB2B9EF9E3FA62D6F8" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="key">
<key id="A25361D5FFB0FFAB2B9EF9E3FA62D6F8" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<keyStep id="6D362E41FFB0FFAB2B9EF9E3FA62D610" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB0FFAB2B9EF9E3FA62D60D" blockId="7.[151,1436,1549,1717]" box="[151,1436,1578,1600]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB0FFAB2B9EF9E3FA62D60D" box="[151,1436,1578,1600]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
1. Respiratory organ club-shaped, subapical constriction absent, relatively short 844 (770–930)............
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB0FFAB2FF0F9E3FA62D60D" authority="Salmela" authorityName="Salmela" authorityYear="2021" box="[1273,1436,1578,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="posio">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2FF0F9E3FAF7D672" box="[1273,1289,1578,1599]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2E1CF9E2FAB7D60D" box="[1301,1353,1579,1600]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">posio</emphasis>
Salmela
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB0FFAB2B9EF981FA62D610" blockId="7.[151,1436,1549,1717]" box="[151,1436,1607,1629]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB0FFAB2B9EF981FA62D610" box="[151,1436,1607,1629]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">- Respiratory organ slender or voluminous form, subapical constriction present..................................... 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D362E41FFB0FFAB2B9EF9ACFA62D6F8" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB0FFAB2B9EF9ACFA62D6D5" blockId="7.[151,1436,1549,1717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB0FFAB2B9EF9ACFA62D6D5" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
2. Length of respiratory organ&gt; 1000 μm (920–1360), slender form in ponds (
<figureCitation id="4EF92A61FFB0FFAB28B3F9ACFBFFD637" box="[954,1025,1637,1659]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[151,1408,181,1171]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1435,181,1171]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Chaoborus pseudoflavicans sp. nov., immature stages, (a) larva, habitus in lateral view (scale bar 1.0 mm), (b) pupa, habitus in lateral view (scale bar 1.0 mm), (c) larval mandibles (scale bar 50 μm), (d) larval blades (scale bar 50 μm), (e) respiratory organ (scale bar 500 μm). lb = larval blade, ant = antenna, md = mandible, ans = anal fan setae, ro = respiratory organ, tp = terminal process, Lt = lateral teeth, I–IV = mandibular teeth, III being the subordinate tooth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084855/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Fig. 4e</figureCitation>
); voluminous form in lakes............................................
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB0FFAB2963F94BFCC3D6D5" ID-CoL="8BFQJ" authority="(Meigen)" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[618,829,1666,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicans">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2963F94BFD84D6DA" box="[618,634,1666,1687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB298FF94BFD23D6DA" box="[646,733,1666,1687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">flavicans</emphasis>
(Meigen)
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB0FFAB2846F94BFBF8D6DA" authority="Bang &amp; Shin, 2023" authorityName="Bang &amp; Shin" authorityYear="2023" box="[847,1030,1666,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudoflavicans" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2846F94BFCA1D6DA" box="[847,863,1666,1687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2862F94BFBF8D6DA" box="[875,1030,1666,1687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">pseudoflavicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2F05F94BFBA6D6DA" bold="true" box="[1036,1112,1666,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FF85578DFFB0FFAB2F05F94BFBA6D6DA" box="[1036,1112,1666,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Bang &amp; Shin (only slender form)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB0FFAB2B9EF969FA62D6F8" blockId="7.[151,1436,1549,1717]" box="[151,1436,1695,1717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB0FFAB2B9EF969FA62D6F8" box="[151,1436,1695,1717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
- Length of respiratory organ mostly &lt;1000 (690–1050), slender form......................
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB0FFAB2F8CF969FA62D6F8" ID-CoL="87ZZ3" authority="(Johannsen, 1903)" baseAuthorityName="Johannsen" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1157,1436,1695,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipes">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2F8CF969FB6BD6F8" box="[1157,1173,1696,1717]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2FA8F956FB18D6F9" box="[1185,1254,1695,1716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">albipes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B2534B15FFB0FFAB2FFAF956FA6BD6F8" author="Johannsen, O. A." box="[1267,1429,1695,1717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" pagination="327 - 448" refId="ref6727" refString="Johannsen, O. A. (1903) Aquatic nematocerous Diptera. New York State Museum Bulletin, 68 (Entomology 18), 327 - 448, pls. 32 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8531" type="journal article" year="1903">Johannsen, 1903</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9ED8656FFFB0FFAB2B9EF92DFC9CD772" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB0FFAB2B9EF92DFEA3D6B3" blockId="7.[151,349,1764,1790]" box="[151,349,1764,1790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<heading id="8D358188FFB0FFAB2B9EF92DFEA3D6B3" bold="true" box="[151,349,1764,1790]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2B9EF92DFEA3D6B3" bold="true" box="[151,349,1764,1790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">IV instar larvae</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB0FFAB2B9EF8E0FC9CD772" blockId="7.[151,1437,1833,2031]" box="[151,866,1833,1855]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">* Serration of labral blades are mostly varied in all complex species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9ED8656FFFB0FFA42B9EF88FFA62D148" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="key">
<key id="A25361D5FFB0FFA42B9EF88FFA62D148" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<keyStep id="6D362E41FFB0FFAB2B9EF88FFA62D7DB" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB0FFAB2B9EF88FFA63D734" blockId="7.[151,1437,1833,2031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB0FFAB2B9EF88FFA63D734" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
1. Mandibular lateral teeth inconspicuous, first lateral tooth shorter or smaller than mandibular tooth 3 (subordinate tooth)........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB0FFAB2FC3F8ADFA63D734" ID-CoL="8BFQJ" authority="(Meigen)" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1226,1437,1891,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicans">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2FC3F8ADFB24D734" box="[1226,1242,1892,1913]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2FEFF8AAFAC3D735" box="[1254,1341,1891,1912]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">flavicans</emphasis>
(Meigen)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB0FFAB2B9EF848FA62D7DB" blockId="7.[151,1437,1833,2031]" box="[151,1436,1921,1943]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB0FFAB2B9EF848FA62D7DB" box="[151,1436,1921,1943]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">- Mandibular lateral teeth conspicuous, first lateral tooth about as long as mandibular tooth 3 (subordinate tooth)........... 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D362E41FFB0FFAB2B9EF857FA62D7A3" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB0FFAB2B9EF857FA62D79C" blockId="7.[151,1437,1833,2031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB0FFAB2B9EF857FA62D79C" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
2. Number of mandibular fan bristles &lt;14 (usually 10–13), average number of lateral teeth almost &lt;4 (3–4) (
<figureCitation id="4EF92A61FFB0FFAB2FEFF857FAD5D7FE" box="[1254,1323,1950,1972]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[151,1408,181,1171]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1435,181,1171]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Chaoborus pseudoflavicans sp. nov., immature stages, (a) larva, habitus in lateral view (scale bar 1.0 mm), (b) pupa, habitus in lateral view (scale bar 1.0 mm), (c) larval mandibles (scale bar 50 μm), (d) larval blades (scale bar 50 μm), (e) respiratory organ (scale bar 500 μm). lb = larval blade, ant = antenna, md = mandible, ans = anal fan setae, ro = respiratory organ, tp = terminal process, Lt = lateral teeth, I–IV = mandibular teeth, III being the subordinate tooth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084855/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
)...........................................................................
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFB0FFAB2F19F875FB39D79D" authority="Bang &amp; Shin, 2023" authorityName="Bang &amp; Shin" authorityYear="2023" box="[1040,1223,1979,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudoflavicans" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2F19F875FBDED79C" box="[1040,1056,1980,2001]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2F25F872FB39D79D" box="[1068,1223,1979,2000]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">pseudoflavicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFB0FFAB2FC5F875FAE7D79C" bold="true" box="[1228,1305,1980,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FF85578DFFB0FFAB2FC5F875FAE7D79C" box="[1228,1305,1980,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Bang &amp; Shin
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFB0FFAB2B9EF810FA62D7A3" blockId="7.[151,1437,1833,2031]" box="[151,1436,2009,2031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFB0FFAB2B9EF810FA62D7A3" box="[151,1436,2009,2031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">- Number of mandibular fan bristles&gt; 20, average number of lateral teeth&gt; 5 (5–8).................................. 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D362E41FFBFFFA42B9EFF51FA62D148" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFBFFFA42B9EFF51FA62D086" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,261]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFBFFFA42B9EFF51FA62D086" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
3. Number of mandibular fan bristles usually&gt; 22, (up to 29); labral blade almost serrated, rather wide–length/width 3.7 (3–5).......................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFBFFFA42FF0FF7CFA62D086" authority="Salmela" authorityName="Salmela" authorityYear="2021" box="[1273,1436,181,203]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="posio">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFBFFFA42FF0FF7CFAF7D087" box="[1273,1289,181,202]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFBFFFA42E1CFF7CFAB7D087" box="[1301,1353,181,202]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">posio</emphasis>
Salmela
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D67D36E4FFBFFFA42B9EFF1AFA62D148" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,261]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
<keyLead id="6D3395D1FFBFFFA42B9EFF1AFA62D148" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
- Number of mandibular fan bristles usually 15–21, (up to 25); labral blade almost smooth, rather narrow–length/width 5.6 (4.4–6.9)......................................................................
<taxonomicName id="11C24D67FFBFFFA42F8CFF39FA62D148" ID-CoL="87ZZ3" authority="(Johannsen, 1903)" baseAuthorityName="Johannsen" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1157,1436,239,261]" class="Insecta" family="Chaoboridae" genus="Chaoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipes">
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFBFFFA42F8CFF39FB6BD148" box="[1157,1173,240,261]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4B6EAF6FFBFFFA42FA8FF26FB18D149" box="[1185,1254,239,260]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">albipes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B2534B15FFBFFFA42FFAFF26FA6BD148" author="Johannsen, O. A." box="[1267,1429,239,261]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" pagination="327 - 448" refId="ref6727" refString="Johannsen, O. A. (1903) Aquatic nematocerous Diptera. New York State Museum Bulletin, 68 (Entomology 18), 327 - 448, pls. 32 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8531" type="journal article" year="1903">Johannsen, 1903</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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