A new species of the Chaoborus flavicans complex (Diptera, Chaoboridae) in South Korea Author Bang, Woo Jun 0000-0003-3557-7646 School of Biological Sciences, Seoul 08826, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea & Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea woojunbang@snu.ac.kr Author Shin, Seunggwan 0000-0002-4258-8661 School of Biological Sciences, Seoul 08826, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea & Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea sk83@snu.ac.kr text Zootaxa 2023 2023-10-25 5360 1 57 81 https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5360.1.3/52105 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5360.1.3 9807050a-8ef5-4251-a385-11eecbb06227 1175-5326 10084843 1A2295D0-E7D6-4738-BD23-E0743E3F19CA Key to species of Chaoborus flavicans complex (based on Salmela et al . 2021b ) Adult male 1. Gonostylus rather short, length/width 9.43 (7.9–10.7); paramere dark, apical claw relatively long......... C . posio Salmela - Gonostylus rather narrow and long, length/width 12.6–13.7 (10.2–16.2); paramere light brown to brown, unicolorous or bicolorous, apical claw relatively short ( Fig. 3a )............................................................. 2 2. Paramere bicolorous, apical claw relatively narrow and gently curved or straight................... C . flavicans (Meigen) - Paramere unicolorous, apical claw relatively stout and curved.................................................. 3 3. Paramere medially bent and constricted ( Fig. 3b–c ).......................... C . pseudoflavicans sp. nov. Bang & Shin - Paramere almost straight or slightly curved........................................... C . albipes ( Johannsen, 1903 ) FIGURE 6. A neighbor-joining tree of the Chaoboridae species based on the pairwise distance model using the mitochondrial DNA barcoding region (COI). In all, 552 COI sequences ( C . pseudoflavicans sp. nov. , eight specimens sequenced in this study) were used to construct the NJ tree using MEGA 11. The red asterisk indicates that the collected Chaoborids clustered with Chaoborus JPN sp. (MK281356) with> 99% support, and black asterisks indicate the species of the C . flavicans species complex. The light blue shading indicates the recorded species of Chaoboridae in South Korea. Three species of Culicidae are used as outgroups. Triangles represent collapsed clades to save space. F = female, M = male, P = pupa, L = larva. Pupae * Pond-dwelling specimens are hard to distinguish due to intraspecific variation. 1. Respiratory organ club-shaped, subapical constriction absent, relatively short 844 (770–930)............ C . posio Salmela - Respiratory organ slender or voluminous form, subapical constriction present..................................... 2 2. Length of respiratory organ> 1000 μm (920–1360), slender form in ponds ( Fig. 4e ); voluminous form in lakes............................................ C . flavicans (Meigen) / C . pseudoflavicans sp. nov. Bang & Shin (only slender form) - Length of respiratory organ mostly <1000 (690–1050), slender form...................... C . albipes ( Johannsen, 1903 ) IV instar larvae * Serration of labral blades are mostly varied in all complex species. 1. Mandibular lateral teeth inconspicuous, first lateral tooth shorter or smaller than mandibular tooth 3 (subordinate tooth)........................................................................................ C . flavicans (Meigen) - Mandibular lateral teeth conspicuous, first lateral tooth about as long as mandibular tooth 3 (subordinate tooth)........... 2 2. Number of mandibular fan bristles <14 (usually 10–13), average number of lateral teeth almost <4 (3–4) ( Fig. 4c )........................................................................... C . pseudoflavicans sp. nov. Bang & Shin - Number of mandibular fan bristles> 20, average number of lateral teeth> 5 (5–8).................................. 3 3. Number of mandibular fan bristles usually> 22, (up to 29); labral blade almost serrated, rather wide–length/width 3.7 (3–5)....................................................................................... C . posio Salmela - Number of mandibular fan bristles usually 15–21, (up to 25); labral blade almost smooth, rather narrow–length/width 5.6 (4.4–6.9)...................................................................... C . albipes ( Johannsen, 1903 )