214 lines
21 KiB
XML
214 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C947D27A264F67D50A4C3C72E6F20BF6">Review of Apantelessensu stricto (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica, with keys to all described species from Mesoamerica</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="289130859DED378EC743D6A6716A0AFD">Fernandez-Triana, Jose L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6733B892092CDE3A60DF4AE91F5809E5">Whitfield, James B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B1EF3DAA30B58E9F1D2921B4BD5A3E33">Rodriguez, Josephine J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8A75DBA854AF2BBAA740EA40E1C99940">Smith, M. Alex</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="216648852DA0F4946FB856818B52CA1B">Hallwachs, Winnie D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AD19CA97EA40D4119ABBACD4544B925D">Hajibabaei, Mehrdad</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A23C797D2BD75AE32B24DBE883E547A6">Burns, John M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0FA4F51C258353359D718C6DD1028F3F">Solis, M. Alma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1C4E2EB6ED7D30D70E35F320C59B6E6B">Brown, John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F565BF34832D0652BEB9092DCC793E98">Cardinal, Sophie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="89508662EA4C6AF936AF9D8BA3F0A293">Goulet, Henri</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8FB81333DAF8D1F882D6BF65B599FCB7">Hebert, Paul D. N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3605C303C9998B85DF5C07487D3DFA37">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5E97550286D1D26B10A80179D309E623">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2515A49951F8F2A56864F0C7AB64B684">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="E7B0E4C22BB46673D8AE67600911691A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0C3B15D6F312E06CA7021679D78E26E6">383</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="F40752A382649FEC09AAB5EF8E67CEC9">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.383.6418</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="5EB0FDA951B2197F97E2014792161421">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A37162B3D2FDF4490862E2B340C82DEE" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.383.6418</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0608DE8E7357B3EB66A83D1E410C11AB" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-383-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="02338C136B1F543E00EC648C43F86BF2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152051324" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:02338C136B1F543E00EC648C43F86BF2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/02338C136B1F543E00EC648C43F86BF2" lastPageId="111" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
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<subSubSection id="326C25EE6C12D511160F1301E06971BB" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8EA38710A3DC413D19180B884C6AE140" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
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<taxonomicName id="540E4709D0B3C32A78F5B4D0C0067F55" ID-CoL="F7C4" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Apanteles_diatraeae" authority="Muesebeck, 1921" authorityName="Muesebeck" authorityYear="1921" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apanteles diatraeae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diatraeae">Apanteles diatraeae Muesebeck, 1921</taxonomicName>
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Fig. 204
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6B1ED1226CB884595A075B7C0355F465" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="26CDBD6F806C446EE802E386A223BB6E" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
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<taxonomicName id="647BB762BC4497BB7DF19DD0D2A2ABD9" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apanteles diatraeae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diatraeae">Apanteles diatraeae</taxonomicName>
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Muesebeck, 1921: 520.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F9CF4F383F41DFE03E265E46CCA00F04" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="C7A7A1D80FE26DEBF50E809DD9B5C3D1" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="436DCDE8C82245AE3E3A80AF5EACCFE4" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">CUBA, Central Mercedes.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="35160EB08D77901D40A19F2C3B4EEE69" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" type="holotype">
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<paragraph id="3EE099D139BDA9C3370B4F9905ACA97B" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="03B99CD5DA16FA4D39C16CA8E5DCCB0E" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">♀, NMNH (examined).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0161F790E8C3022AFE5E6FE51727327F" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" type="material examined">
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<paragraph id="73419051E6EA4B3882E529B253AB5BAF" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Material Examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D2F05EEE3B53298FD8FDB69DAF7424AE" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
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1 ♀, paratype (CNC), CUBA: Central Mercedes, ix.1918, T.E. Holloway, ex
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<taxonomicName id="CB728BA17B1D7956866BAF03A8099F02" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Diatraea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diatraea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diatraea</taxonomicName>
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sp.; 2 ♀ (CNC), UNITED STATES: AZ, Tucson, 23.vi.1923, E.V. Walter.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B4243EB68160C6B52FBECE0E6D65F97F" lastPageId="111" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E866FE12FAC78CD382278D00A973CFB4" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="90EEB58E4A1F78F091916FDC4AEE6BE7" lastPageId="111" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
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Female. Body color: body mostly dark except for some sternites which may be pale. Antenna color: scape and/or pedicel dark, flagellum pale. Coxae color (pro-, meso-, metacoxa): pale, dark, dark. Femora color (pro-, meso-, metafemur): anteriorly dark/posteriorly pale, dark, dark. Tibiae color (pro-, meso-, metatibia): pale, pale, dark. Tegula and humeral complex color: both dark or both pale (?). Pterostigma color: entirely pale or transparent, translucent. Fore wing veins color: mostly white or entirely transparent. Antenna length/body length: antenna very short, barely or not extending beyond mesosoma length. Body in lateral view: distinctly flattened
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<normalizedToken id="7EDA5370F47EA609CD1F25FBCBF29CD9" originalValue="dorso–ventrally">dorso-ventrally</normalizedToken>
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. Body length (head to apex of metasoma): 2.1-2.2 mm. Fore wing length: 2.1-2.2 mm.
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<normalizedToken id="754E6ADC227C2051738D329988D9F788" originalValue="Ocular–ocellar">Ocular-ocellar</normalizedToken>
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line/posterior ocellus diameter: 2.6 or more. Interocellar distance/posterior ocellus diameter: 2.3-2.5. Antennal flagellomerus 2 length/width: 2.0-2.2. Antennal flagellomerus 14 length/width: 1.1-1.3. Length of flagellomerus 2/length of flagellomerus 14: 1.7-1.9. Tarsal claws: with single basal
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<normalizedToken id="5042B3B665394F37C6AE757CAD5350CB" originalValue="spine–like">spine-like</normalizedToken>
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seta. Metafemur length/width: 2.8-2.9. Metatibia inner spur length/metabasitarsus length: 0.4-0.5. Anteromesoscutum: mostly smooth or with shallow sparse punctures, except for anterior 0.3 where it has deeper and/or denser punctures. Mesoscutellar disc: mostly smooth. Number of pits in scutoscutellar sulcus: 7 or 8. Maximum height of mesoscutellum lunules/maximum height of lateral face of mesoscutellum: 0.6-0.7.
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<pageBreakToken id="B3DAC71DEAD6DE8B1FE7005618BFC8AA" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" start="start">Propodeum</pageBreakToken>
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areola: completely defined by carinae, but only partial or absent transverse carina. Propodeum background sculpture: partly sculptured, especially on posterior 0.5. Mediotergite 1 length/width at posterior margin: 2.0-2.2. Mediotergite 1 shape: more or less
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<normalizedToken id="46E5149D1E85D98FF90CE018F87C679A" originalValue="parallel–sided">parallel-sided</normalizedToken>
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. Mediotergite 1 sculpture: mostly sculptured, excavated area centrally with transverse striation inside and/or a polished knob centrally on posterior margin of mediotergite. Mediotergite 2 width at posterior margin/length: 1.6-1.9. Mediotergite 2 sculpture: mostly smooth. Outer margin of hypopygium: with a wide, medially folded, transparent,
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<normalizedToken id="D5988CEF07A74A49AD271A33876F9660" originalValue="semi–desclerotized">semi-desclerotized</normalizedToken>
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area; usually with 4 or more pleats. Ovipositor thickness: anterior width at most 2.0
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<normalizedToken id="1025B50D6150626BAA6164F125E8ADD7" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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posterior width (beyond ovipositor constriction). Ovipositor sheaths length/metatibial length: 0.8-0.9. Length of fore wing veins r/2RS: 1.4-1.6. Length of fore wing veins 2RS/2M: 1.1-1.3. Length of fore wing veins 2M/(RS+M)b: 0.7-0.8. Pterostigma length/width: 2.6-3.0. Point of insertion of vein r in pterostigma: about half way point length of pterostigma. Angle of vein r with fore wing anterior margin: more or less perpendicular to fore wing margin. Shape of junction of veins r and 2RS in fore wing: strongly angulated, sometimes with a knob.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A069BFD3B671C9A18289B42312CE5F08" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" type="molecular data">
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<paragraph id="0B778EBAB1F75C011B013B95E5440E37" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Molecular data.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="71A05A75484A62AE97E1F58EF340A9F3" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">No molecular data available for this species.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="941E52C3167F505D72DC85C8BE06FC58" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" type="biology/ecology">
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<paragraph id="255A1ACBAF1E09FE610ECA70AD9C4861" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Biology/ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA2EA947F95B3262AA7BAE127FDE99ED" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
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Gregarious, dirty whitish cocoons, cemented together in a long slender row but not surrounded by loose silk (
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<bibRefCitation id="54E2BB741147E1EF9DC392DFE3067068" author="Muesebeck, CFW" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="304" pageNumber="305" pagination="483 - 576" title="A revision of the North American species of ichneumon-flies belonging to the genus Apanteles." url="10.5479/si.00963801.2349.483" volume="58" year="1921">Muesebeck 1921</bibRefCitation>
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). Hosts:
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<taxonomicName id="1ED337E7CDF1F76A9504544300A790F4" family="Crambidae" lsidName="" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" rank="family">Crambidae</taxonomicName>
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(commonly called
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<taxonomicName id="25D61E2A52766ED640FC1BCFFE1A0D39" family="Pyralidae" lsidName="" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
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in older literature),
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<taxonomicName id="B24CE0304F116B622F4E8678B765CBC0" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Diatraea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diatraea grandiosella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiosella">Diatraea grandiosella</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="0AEA42A2D715E175C10BD72B398F1EDC" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Diatraea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diatraea impersonatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impersonatella">Diatraea impersonatella</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="BB3620F6F0DD0DC0066733B1C1703738" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Diatraea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diatraea lineolata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineolata">Diatraea lineolata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B1B7B26444B6267434A028EE43E97EE5" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Diatraea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diatraea magnificata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificata">Diatraea magnificata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8AD82CA98FB3F37EAB21F36CC49F2A0D" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Diatraea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diatraea muellerella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muellerella">Diatraea muellerella</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D83E1A2BF7D3AE0BCD14940001D8A30" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Diatraea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diatraea saccharalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saccharalis">Diatraea saccharalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9E6A34B6DC142E17B29AA23F2E71F0F7" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Diatraea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diatraea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diatraea</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. In the past, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EF0C05182486459EBC273B8BE33D2F9D" family="Pyralidae" lsidName="" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED6269DB0394377DC3CA53715037FFEA" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Galleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Galleria mellonella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mellonella">Galleria mellonella</taxonomicName>
|
||
has also been recorded as a host (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D950DCDFC154F5ED5AA75A9B6F23E3C6" author="Paddock, FB" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Economic Entomology" pageId="304" pageNumber="305" pagination="177 - 181" title="Further notes on the bee moth Galleria mellonella L." volume="26" year="1933">Paddock 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), a record that might best be questioned.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24BA318716BFE31632061798D83E4857" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="435AF44D0838A6D9D6DCF9B54A1BF9BE" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F40102BAC0453B4A48F182D27FA3460" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Widely distributed in southern US, Mesoamerica and the northern part of South America; introduced in France and India (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="170BD6CDC1BBC7B823E29AAE738BE0C7" author="Yu, DSK" journalOrPublisher="Ottawa, Ontario, Canada" pageId="306" pageNumber="307" title="Taxapad 2012, Ichneumonoidea 2011. Database on flash-drive." url="www.taxapad.com" year="2012">Yu et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We have no reason to suspect that this species occurs in ACG.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6AD8C8A03FA276914B1D882C072EC715" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph id="BCE1B9B63B0909A5546C390C159EC70D" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6ACF3076D08E83461F66E9A8341861AD" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
|
||
This is the commonest braconid parasitoid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44C51B2AF15CD1F852D42A1A73EF2161" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Diatraea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diatraea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diatraea</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp., along with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="271D39553A5F00C9B3A72869509BADC2" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cotesia flavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">Cotesia flavipes</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it does not appear to extend much into South America (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BBD4D5EB3A6471C166201203773397F2" author="Austin, AD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research" pageId="301" pageNumber="302" pagination="131 - 144" title="The taxonomy of New World microgastrine braconids (Hymenoptera) parasitic on Diatraea spp. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)." url="10.1017/S0007485300018642" volume="79" year="1989">Austin and Dangerfield 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |