628 lines
77 KiB
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628 lines
77 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="98CBF7C09949509D470AEAF75D9B8C25">Five new and five known species of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida: Tylencholaimoidea) from Western Ghats of India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F7870939BA6D1400B65F7C226DE49F04">Islam, Md Niraul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EAFE8298B61CE29A2A49B17E8AA619C2">Nematode Biodiversity Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh- 202002, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="53FA20185655039FAC2B14DDD9EAAFB4">Ahmad, Wasim</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A09D0CCFFECF753E8F728244A377EE7A">Nematode Biodiversity Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh- 202002, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="BC247FAD23920A3E1C188537F7EA61BE">2021</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF84886AAF5B4FA0FBEDFC7C" authority="(Butschli, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Butschli" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[541,1046,910,937]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
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<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AAF5B4FA0FCAAFC7D" bold="true" box="[541,849,910,937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Tylencholaimus mirabilis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF84886AAE264FA0FBF5FC7C" author="Butschli O." box="[864,1038,910,936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref21782" refString="Butschli O. 1873. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Nematoden. Nova acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum 36: 1 - 124. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12601002 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1873">Bütschli, 1873</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF84886AAFF24F9FFC84FC1F" blockId="2.[541,1046,910,971]" box="[692,895,945,971]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
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<figureCitation id="A7CF1FB3FF84886AAFF24F9FFCE6FC1F" box="[692,797,945,971]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[189,232,1884,1910]" captionStartId-1="5.[189,232,1880,1906]" captionTargetBox-0="[241,1348,281,1835]" captionTargetBox-1="[259,1330,273,1839]" captionTargetId-0="figure-16@3.[219,1368,265,1847]" captionTargetId-1="figure-16@5.[251,1337,265,1841]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Tylencholaimus mirabilis (Bütschli, 1873). A. Entire female. B. Entire male. C. Female anterior region. D. Female anterior region showing amphid. E. Female pharyngeal region. F. Female expanded part of pharynx. G–H. Female genital system. I. Female posterior region. J. Male posterior region. K. Spicule. L. Lateral guiding piece." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Tylencholaimus mirabilis (Bütschli, 1873) (LM photographs). A–B. Female anterior region. C. Female anterior region showing amphid. D. Female pharyngeal region. E. Female expanded part of pharynx. F. Female genital system. G. Vulval region. H. Female posterior region. I. Female posterior end. J–K. Male posterior end. Scale bars: A–C, E–G, I–K = 10 μm; D, H = 20 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5557164" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5557166" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5557164/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5557166/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="7276368DFF84886AAE6E4F9FFC84FC1F" box="[808,895,945,971]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[189,259,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Table 1. Measurements of Tylencholaimus mirabilis (Bütschli, 1873). All measurements are in μm and in the form: mean ± s.d. (range) for females, and measurements for each male (n = 2) separated by a comma." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6B8B53BEFF82886CADFB4D27FEE6FEBE" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" tableUuid="6B8B53BEFF82886CADFB4D27FEE6FEBE">Table 1</tableCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF84886AADFB4FDDFD49FBDA" author="Butschli O." box="[189,690,1011,1038]" page="45" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" year="1873">
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<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF84886AADFB4FDDFD49FBDA" authority="Butschli, 1873: 44 - 45" authorityName="Butschli" authorityPageNumber="44 - 45" authorityYear="1873" box="[189,690,1011,1038]" class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchidae" genus="Tylenchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
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<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AADFB4FDDFE58FBD9" box="[189,419,1011,1037]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Tylenchus mirabilis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF84886AACEC4FDDFD49FBDA" author="Butschli O." box="[426,690,1011,1038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref21782" refString="Butschli O. 1873. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Nematoden. Nova acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum 36: 1 - 124. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12601002 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1873">Bütschli, 1873: 44–45</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF84886AADFB4839FD00FBE5" blockId="2.[189,763,1011,1073]" box="[189,763,1046,1073]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
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<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF84886AADFB4839FD0CFBE5" author="Tarjan A. C." box="[189,759,1046,1073]" page="54" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" year="1953">
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<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF84886AADFB4839FD0CFBE5" authority="Tarjan, 1953: 52 - 54" authorityName="Tarjan" authorityPageNumber="52 - 54" authorityYear="1953" box="[189,759,1046,1073]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Discomyctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="brevicaudatus">
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<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AADFB4839FE04FBE4" box="[189,511,1046,1072]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Discomyctus brevicaudatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF84886AAF414838FD0CFBE5" author="Tarjan A. C." box="[519,759,1046,1073]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="49 - 54" refId="ref23202" refString="Tarjan A. C. 1953. Known and suspected plant-parasitic nematodes of Rhode Island, I. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 20: 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1953">Tarjan, 1953: 52–54</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF84886AADFB4879FE12FBA5" baseAuthorityName="Butschli" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[189,489,1111,1137]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
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<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AADFB4879FE12FBA5" box="[189,489,1111,1137]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Tylencholaimus mirabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF84886AAF4D4879FD24FBA6" author="De Man J. G." box="[523,735,1111,1138]" page="43" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" year="1876">
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<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF84886AAF4D4879FD24FBA6" author="De Man J. G." box="[523,735,1111,1138]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="78 - 196" refId="ref21956" refString="De Man J. G. 1876. Onderzoekingen over vrij in de aarde levende Nematoden. Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging 2: 78 - 196. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 9771869 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1876">de Man 1876: 43</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF84886AAFA84876FCA7FBA5" author="De Man J. G." box="[750,860,1111,1138]" page="66" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" year="1880">
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<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF84886AAFA84876FCA7FBA5" author="De Man J. G." box="[750,860,1111,1138]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref22006" refString="De Man J. G. 1880. Die einheimischen, frei in der reinen Erde und im sussen Wasser lebende Nematoden. Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging 5: 1 - 104. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 9964525 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1880">1880: 66</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF84886AAE2C4876FBDAFBA6" author="De Man J. G." box="[874,1057,1111,1138]" page="104" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" year="1884">
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<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF84886AAE2C4876FBDAFBA6" author="De Man J. G." box="[874,1057,1111,1138]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" refId="ref22062" refString="De Man J. G. 1884. Die, frei in der reinen Erde und im sussen Wasser lebenden Nematoden der niederlandischen Fauna: eine systematisch-faunistische Monographie. Brill, Leiden. Available from https: // archive. org / details / diefreiinderrein 00 manj [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="url" year="1884">1884: 104–105</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF84886AA9114879FEAEFB41" author="Loof P. A. A. & Jairajpuri M. S." page="321" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" year="1968">
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<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF84886AA9114879FEAEFB41" author="Loof P. A. A. & Jairajpuri M. S." pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="317 - 350" refId="ref22601" refString="Loof P. A. A. & Jairajpuri M. S. 1968. Taxonomic studies on the genus Tylencholaimus De Man, 1876 (Dorylaimoidea) with a key to the species. Nematologica 14: 317 - 350. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187529268 X 00011" type="journal article" year="1968">Loof & Jairajpuri 1968: 321–325</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF84886AACC24855FD75FB41" author="Vinciguerra M. T." box="[388,654,1146,1173]" page="112" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF84886AACC24855FD75FB41" author="Vinciguerra M. T." box="[388,654,1146,1173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="107 - 116" refId="ref23363" refString="Vinciguerra M. T. 1986. New and known species of Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Dorylaimida: Nematoda) from Italian beech forests with a key to the species. Nematologia Mediterranea 14: 107 - 116." type="journal article" year="1986">Vinciguerra 1986: 112</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF84886AAFF84855FB3CFB40" author="Pena-Santiago R & Coomans A." box="[702,1223,1146,1173]" page="199" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" year="1994">
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<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF84886AAFF84855FB3CFB40" author="Pena-Santiago R & Coomans A." box="[702,1223,1146,1173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="186 - 213" refId="ref22983" refString="Pena-Santiago R & Coomans A. 1994 b. Revision of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876. Prodelphic species: Part II. Nematologica 40: 186 - 213. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 003525994 X 00139" type="journal article" year="1994">Peña-Santiago & Coomans 1994b: 199–206</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF84886AADFB48B0FD36FB6C" blockId="2.[189,1399,1111,1279]" box="[189,717,1182,1208]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1FE42418FF84886AADFB48B0FD36FB6C" box="[189,717,1182,1208]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF84886AADFB48B0FE2DFB6C" box="[189,470,1182,1208]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Dorylaimellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
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<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AADFB48B0FE2DFB6C" box="[189,470,1182,1208]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Dorylaimellus mirabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF84886AACB548B0FD32FB6C" author="Thorne G." box="[499,713,1182,1208]" page="140" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" year="1939">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF84886AACB548B0FD32FB6C" author="Thorne G." box="[499,713,1182,1208]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 261" refId="ref23275" refString="Thorne G. 1939. A monograph of the nematodes of the superfamily Dorylaimoidea. Capita Zoologica 8: 1 - 261." type="journal article" year="1939">Thorne 1939: 140</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF84886AADFB48EFFC89FB0F" blockId="2.[189,1399,1111,1279]" box="[189,882,1217,1244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF84886AADFB48EFFD52FB0F" box="[189,681,1217,1244]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Dorylaimellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis" subGenus="Tylencholaimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AADFB48EFFE9EFB0F" box="[189,357,1217,1243]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Dorylaimellus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AAC3048EFFDD5FB0F" box="[374,558,1217,1243]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Tylencholaimus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AAF7948EFFD52FB0F" box="[575,681,1217,1243]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– Meyl 1953: 94
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF84886AADFB48CAFA8CFB2A" blockId="2.[189,1399,1111,1279]" box="[189,1399,1252,1279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1FE42418FF84886AADFB48CAFA8CFB2A" box="[189,1399,1252,1279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF84886AADFB48CAFDDBFB2A" box="[189,544,1252,1278]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="brevicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AADFB48CAFDDBFB2A" box="[189,544,1252,1278]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Tylencholaimus brevicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF84886AAF7A48CAFD0CFB2A" author="Tarjan A. C." box="[572,759,1252,1279]" page="91" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" year="1956">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF84886AAF7A48CAFD0CFB2A" author="Tarjan A. C." box="[572,759,1252,1279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="88 - 92" refId="ref23233" refString="Tarjan A. C. 1956. Known and suspected plant-parasitic nematodes of Rhode Island, II. Xiphinema americanum with notes on Tylencholaimus brevicaudatus n. comb. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 23: 88 - 92." type="journal article" year="1956">Tarjan 1956: 91</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF84886AAE6148CAFBE0FB2A" author="Loof P. A. A." box="[807,1051,1252,1278]" page="246" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" year="1961">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF84886AAE6148CAFBE0FB2A" author="Loof P. A. A." box="[807,1051,1252,1278]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="169 - 254" refId="ref22505" refString="Loof P. A. A. 1961. The nematode collection of Dr. J. G. de Man 1. Beaufortia 8: 169 - 254. Available from https: // repository. naturalis. nl / pub / 504815 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1961">Loof 1961: 246–247</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF84886AA90F48CAFA88FB2A" author="Coomans A." box="[1097,1395,1252,1278]" page="146" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" year="1962">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF84886AA90F48CAFA88FB2A" author="Coomans A." box="[1097,1395,1252,1278]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" pagination="146 - 154" refId="ref21883" refString="Coomans A. 1962. Some species of Dorylaimoidea found in Belgium. I. Members of the Tylencholaiminae Filipjev, 1934. Nematologica 7: 146 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187529262 X 00882" type="journal article" year="1962">Coomans 1962: 146–149</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="77EE50BDFF84886AADFB490BFB51FA61" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF84886AADFB490BFE51FAEB" blockId="2.[189,426,1317,1343]" box="[189,426,1317,1343]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<heading id="6403B45AFF84886AADFB490BFE51FAEB" bold="true" box="[189,426,1317,1343]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AADFB490BFE51FAEB" bold="true" box="[189,426,1317,1343]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF84886AADFB497AFB51FA61" blockId="2.[189,1399,1363,1462]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="8F9C096BFF84886AADFB497AFB5DFA61" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3382259321" collectingDate="2018-03-28" country="India" county="Nilgiris district" location="Dodabetta Peak Road" municipality="Ooty" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="28" specimenCount-female="26" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu State">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF84886AADFB497AFEF5FABA" box="[189,270,1364,1390]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="29F2C8BFFF84886AAC63497AFE8FFAA5" box="[293,372,1364,1393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" type="female">
|
||
26
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AAC0E497BFE8FFAA5" bold="true" box="[328,372,1365,1393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">♀♀</emphasis>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="29F2C8BFFF84886AACC7497AFE3AFAA5" box="[385,449,1364,1393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" type="male">
|
||
2
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AACD3497BFE3AFAA5" bold="true" box="[405,449,1365,1393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">♂♂</emphasis>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FD30CDD4FF84886AAC96497AFD66FABA" box="[464,669,1364,1390]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Tamil Nadu State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="D62A7BBAFF84886AAFE1497AFCA7FABA" box="[679,860,1364,1390]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Nilgiris district</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="DF2F994CFF84886AAE20497AFC59FABA" box="[870,930,1364,1390]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Ooty</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="3A2B55EDFF84886AAEEA497AFB50FABA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B75DB220FF84886FAF5B4FA0FCA9FE07:3A2B55EDFF84886AAEEA497AFB50FABA" box="[940,1195,1364,1390]" country="India" county="Nilgiris district" municipality="Ooty" name="Dodabetta Peak Road" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu State">Dodabetta Peak Road</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5AC065F1FF84886AA9F3497DFA89FABB" box="[1205,1394,1363,1391]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">11º40.1′99.9″ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5AC065F1FF84886AADFB4958FE82FA46" box="[189,377,1398,1426]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">76º73.5′36.9″ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="F80CAED3FF84886AACC34959FE02FA46" box="[389,505,1399,1426]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 cm</quantity>
|
||
depth;
|
||
<date id="4B4A25F6FF84886AAF174956FD0AFA46" box="[593,753,1400,1426]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" value="2018-03-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5B0EDC1EFF84886AAF174956FD0AFA46" box="[593,753,1400,1426]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" value="2018-03-28">28 Mar. 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; soil samples collected from around the roots of shrubs (unidentified); slides reference number AMU/ZD/NC/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF84886AAE7149B5FB9BFA61" baseAuthorityName="Butschli" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[823,1120,1435,1461]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AAE7149B5FB9BFA61" box="[823,1120,1435,1461]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Tylencholaimus mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/1–10
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="77EE50BDFF84886EADFB49F2FB43FA3D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF84886AADFB49F2FEB5FA22" blockId="2.[189,334,1500,1526]" box="[189,334,1500,1526]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<heading id="6403B45AFF84886AADFB49F2FEB5FA22" bold="true" box="[189,334,1500,1526]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AADFB49F2FEB5FA22" bold="true" box="[189,334,1500,1526]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF84886AADAC4A25FEBEF9F1" blockId="2.[189,1400,1547,1996]" box="[234,325,1547,1573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF84886AADAC4A25FEBEF9F1" bold="true" box="[234,325,1547,1573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Female</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF84886EADFB4A00FF02FDE8" blockId="2.[189,1400,1547,1996]" lastBlockId="6.[189,1400,263,572]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
|
||
Small sized nematodes, slightly curved ventrad upon fixation; body cylindrical, tapering gradually towards both extremities but more so towards the anterior end. Cuticle with two distinct layers, 1.0– 1.5 µm thick at anterior region, 2.0–2.5 μm at midbody and 3.0–4.0 μm on tail. Outer cuticle thin, finely striated; inner layer thick, its outline somewhat irregular, with distinct radial refractive elements. Lateral chords occupying about 15–25% of midbody diameter. Body pores distinct, lateral pores: one at odontostyle-odontophore region,
|
||
<quantity id="F80CAED3FF84886AAF2D4AF0FD4CF92C" box="[619,695,1758,1785]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" metricValueMax="12.7" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="in" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 in</quantity>
|
||
neck region, 5–8 at pharyngeal base to vulva and
|
||
<quantity id="F80CAED3FF84886AA85B4AF0FA83F92C" box="[1309,1400,1758,1785]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="1.27" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="in" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 in</quantity>
|
||
post-vulval region; dorsal body pores: one at odontostyle-odontophore region,
|
||
<quantity id="F80CAED3FF84886AA9344B2FFB3BF8CF" box="[1138,1216,1793,1819]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="in" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 in</quantity>
|
||
neck region, 3 from pharyngeal base to vulva and
|
||
<quantity id="F80CAED3FF84886AAF224B0AFD4BF8EA" box="[612,688,1828,1854]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="in" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 in</quantity>
|
||
post-vulval region; ventral body pores:
|
||
<quantity id="F80CAED3FF84886AA9C94B0AFB20F8EA" box="[1167,1243,1828,1854]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="in" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 in</quantity>
|
||
neck region, 1–3 from pharyngeal base to vulva and
|
||
<quantity id="F80CAED3FF84886AAFEF4B69FD21F8B5" box="[681,730,1863,1889]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
post-vulval region. Lip region cap-like, offset by deep constriction, 1.8–2.2 times as wide as high or about ⅓ of the body diameter at neck base. Lips rounded, amalgamated, inner part slightly elevated. Labial and cephalic papillae distinct but not interfering with the labial contour. Amphids cup-shaped, their aperture occupying about ⅓ to ½ of lip region diameter. Stoma a truncate cone. Odontostyle 0.7–0.9 times the lip region diameter long, its aperture about ¼ to ⅓ of its length. Odontophore rod-like, with distinct basal swelling, 1.2–1.6 times the odontostyle length. Guiding ring simple, refractive, at 0.6–0.8 times the lip region diameter from anterior end. Pharynx consisting of a slender, weakly muscular anterior part, expanding abruptly into a cylindrical basal bulb, with thick-walled lumen, separated by a constriction, occupying about 41–46% of total neck length. Pharyngeal gland nuclei and their orifices are located as follows: DO = 59–62, DN = 62–65, DO–DN = 1.7–3.7, S1N1 = 72–76, S1N2 = 76–80, S2N = 89–91, S2O = 90–93. Nerve ring at 34–42% of neck length from anterior end. Cardia rounded to conoid, about ⅓ to
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EAEEA4DD1FC30FDCD" bold="true" box="[940,971,511,537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">2/5</emphasis>
|
||
of the corresponding body diameter long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="6B8B53BEFF85886BADFB4B72FD97F834" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5557164" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5557164" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5557164/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="61" startId="3.[189,232,1884,1910]" targetBox="[241,1348,281,1835]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF85886BADFB4B72FD97F834" blockId="3.[189,1399,1884,2017]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF85886BADFB4B72FEF0F8A2" bold="true" box="[189,267,1884,1910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF85886BAC554B72FCFEF8A3" authority="(Butschli, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Butschli" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[275,773,1884,1911]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="61" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF85886BAC554B72FDC7F8A2" box="[275,572,1884,1910]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">Tylencholaimus mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF85886BAF0D4B72FD07F8A3" author="Butschli O." box="[587,764,1884,1911]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref21782" refString="Butschli O. 1873. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Nematoden. Nova acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum 36: 1 - 124. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12601002 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1873">Bütschli, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF85886BAE564B72FCDEF8A2" bold="true" box="[784,805,1884,1910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Entire female.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF85886BAEA74B73FC0EF8A3" bold="true" box="[993,1013,1885,1911]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Entire male.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF85886BA9DC4B72FB54F8A2" bold="true" box="[1178,1199,1884,1910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Female anterior region.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF85886BAC514BAEFED7F84E" bold="true" box="[279,300,1920,1946]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Female anterior region showing amphid.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF85886BAE644BAEFCCDF84E" bold="true" box="[802,822,1920,1946]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Female pharyngeal region.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF85886BA9C14BAEFB63F84E" bold="true" box="[1159,1176,1920,1946]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Female expanded part of pharynx.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF85886BACCD4B8DFE33F869" bold="true" box="[395,456,1955,1981]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">G–H</emphasis>
|
||
. Female genital system.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF85886BAFBC4B8DFCFEF869" bold="true" box="[762,773,1955,1981]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Female posterior region.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF85886BA90F4B8DFBA3F869" bold="true" box="[1097,1112,1955,1981]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">J</emphasis>
|
||
. Male posterior region.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF85886BADFB4BE8FF2FF834" bold="true" box="[189,212,1990,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">K</emphasis>
|
||
. Spicule.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF85886BAC0F4BE8FEA6F834" bold="true" box="[329,349,1990,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">L</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral guiding piece.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="6B8B53BEFF82886CADFB4D27FEE6FEBE" ID-Table-UUID="6B8B53BEFF82886CADFB4D27FEE6FEBE" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6B8B53BEFF82886CADFB4D27FEE6FEBE" pageId="4" pageNumber="62" startId="4.[189,259,265,291]" targetBox="[238,1285,412,1933]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF82886CADFB4D27FEE6FEBE" blockId="4.[189,1398,265,362]" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF82886CADFB4D27FEDAFEF7" bold="true" box="[189,289,265,291]" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF82886CACBD4D27FC16FEF7" authority="(Butschli, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Butschli" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[507,1005,265,291]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="4" pageNumber="62" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF82886CACBD4D27FCDFFEF7" box="[507,804,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Tylencholaimus mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF82886CAE754D27FC1FFEF7" author="Butschli O." box="[819,996,265,291]" pageId="4" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref21782" refString="Butschli O. 1873. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Nematoden. Nova acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum 36: 1 - 124. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12601002 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1873">Bütschli, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. All measurements are in μm and in the form: mean ± s.d. (range) for females, and measurements for each male (n = 2) separated by a comma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF82886CADA84DB2FB18F859" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<table id="4DF4F196FF827797ADA84DB2FAFEF859" box="[238,1285,412,1933]" gridcols="3" gridrows="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84DB2FAFEFE60" box="[238,1285,412,436]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84DB2FDC2FE60" box="[238,569,412,436]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF82886CADA84DB2FE96FE60" bold="true" box="[238,365,412,436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Characters</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797AFB44DB2FC14FE60" box="[754,1007,412,436]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF82886CAE044DB2FC64FE60" bold="true" box="[834,927,412,436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Females</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4DB2FAFEFE60" box="[1178,1285,412,436]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF82886CA9EB4DB2FB0AFE60" bold="true" box="[1197,1265,412,436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Males</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84DE4FAFEFE36" box="[238,1285,458,482]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84DE4FDC2FE36" box="[238,569,458,482]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">n</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44DE4FC14FE36" box="[754,1007,458,482]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">26</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4DE4FAFEFE36" box="[1178,1285,458,482]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84DD9FAFEFDDB" box="[238,1285,503,527]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84DD9FDC2FDDB" box="[238,569,503,527]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">L</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44DD9FC14FDDB" box="[754,1007,503,527]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">872 ± 50.6 (777–978)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4DD9FAFEFDDB" box="[1178,1285,503,527]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">914, 803</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84E0AFAFEFDE8" box="[238,1285,548,572]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84E0AFDC2FDE8" box="[238,569,548,572]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">a</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44E0AFC14FDE8" box="[754,1007,548,572]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">27.2 ± 1.4 (25–30)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4E0AFAFEFDE8" box="[1178,1285,548,572]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">29.3, 29.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84E7CFAFEFDBE" box="[238,1285,594,618]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84E7CFDC2FDBE" box="[238,569,594,618]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">b</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44E7CFC14FDBE" box="[754,1007,594,618]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">3.8 ± 0.19 (3.4–4.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4E7CFAFEFDBE" box="[1178,1285,594,618]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">4.1, 4.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84E51FAFEFD43" box="[238,1285,639,663]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84E51FDC2FD43" box="[238,569,639,663]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">c</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44E51FC14FD43" box="[754,1007,639,663]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">28.2 ± 2.0 (25–33)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4E51FAFEFD43" box="[1178,1285,639,663]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">30.2, 28.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84E82FAFEFD10" box="[238,1285,684,708]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84E82FDC2FD10" box="[238,569,684,708]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">c’</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44E82FC14FD10" box="[754,1007,684,708]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">1.4 ± 0.10 (1.2–1.8)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4E82FAFEFD10" box="[1178,1285,684,708]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">1.4, 1.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84EF4FAFEFD26" box="[238,1285,730,754]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84EF4FDC2FD26" box="[238,569,730,754]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">V</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44EF4FC14FD26" box="[754,1007,730,754]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">60.8 ± 1.4 (59.2–64.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4EF4FAFEFD26" box="[1178,1285,730,754]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84F29FAFEFCCB" box="[238,1285,775,799]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84F29FDC2FCCB" box="[238,569,775,799]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">G1</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44F29FC14FCCB" box="[754,1007,775,799]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">14.0 ± 1.1 (12.4–16.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4F29FAFEFCCB" box="[1178,1285,775,799]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84F1AFAFEFC99" box="[238,1285,820,845]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84F1AFDC2FC99" box="[238,569,820,845]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">G2</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44F1AFC14FC99" box="[754,1007,820,845]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">0.83 ± 0.13 (0.62–1.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4F1AFAFEFC99" box="[1178,1285,820,845]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84F4CFAFEFCAE" box="[238,1285,866,890]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84F4CFDC2FCAE" box="[238,569,866,890]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Body diameter at neck base</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44F4CFC14FCAE" box="[754,1007,866,890]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">29.5 ± 1.5 (26–32)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4F4CFAFEFCAE" box="[1178,1285,866,890]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">32, 29</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84FA1FAFEFC73" box="[238,1285,911,935]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84FA1FDC2FC73" box="[238,569,911,935]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Body diameter at mid body</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44FA1FC14FC73" box="[754,1007,911,935]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">30.3 ± 1.7 (27–33)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4FA1FAFEFC73" box="[1178,1285,911,935]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">32, 30</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84F92FAFEFC01" box="[238,1285,956,981]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84F92FDC2FC01" box="[238,569,956,981]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Body diameter at anus</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44F92FC14FC01" box="[754,1007,956,981]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">18.6 ± 1.1 (17–21)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4F92FAFEFC01" box="[1178,1285,956,981]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">20, 21</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84FC4FAFEFBD6" box="[238,1285,1002,1026]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84FC4FDC2FBD6" box="[238,569,1002,1026]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Lip region diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44FC4FC14FBD6" box="[754,1007,1002,1026]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">8.8 ± 0.37 (8.0–10)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4FC4FAFEFBD6" box="[1178,1285,1002,1026]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">9.0, 9.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84839FAFEFBFB" box="[238,1285,1047,1071]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84839FDC2FBFB" box="[238,569,1047,1071]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Lip region height</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44839FC14FBFB" box="[754,1007,1047,1071]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">4.4 ± 0.27 (4.0–5.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4839FAFEFBFB" box="[1178,1285,1047,1071]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">5.0, 4.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA8486BFAFEFB89" box="[238,1285,1093,1117]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA8486BFDC2FB89" box="[238,569,1093,1117]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Amphidial aperture</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB4486BFC14FB89" box="[754,1007,1093,1117]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">3.4 ± 0.27 (3.0–4.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC486BFAFEFB89" box="[1178,1285,1093,1117]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">4.0, 4.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA8485CFAFEFB5E" box="[238,1285,1138,1162]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA8485CFDC2FB5E" box="[238,569,1138,1162]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Odontostyle length</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB4485CFC14FB5E" box="[754,1007,1138,1162]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">6.8 ± 0.49 (6.5–8.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC485CFAFEFB5E" box="[1178,1285,1138,1162]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">8.0, 7.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA848B1FAFEFB63" box="[238,1285,1183,1207]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA848B1FDC2FB63" box="[238,569,1183,1207]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Odontophore length</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB448B1FC14FB63" box="[754,1007,1183,1207]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">10.6 ± 0.49 (8.5–11.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC48B1FAFEFB63" box="[1178,1285,1183,1207]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">10, 9.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA848E2FAFEFB31" box="[238,1285,1228,1253]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA848E2FDC2FB31" box="[238,569,1228,1253]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Total stylet length</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB448E2FC14FB31" box="[754,1007,1228,1253]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">17.2 ± 0.44 (16.5–19.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC48E2FAFEFB31" box="[1178,1285,1228,1253]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">18, 16.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA848D4FAFEFAC6" box="[238,1285,1274,1298]" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA848D4FDC2FAC6" box="[238,569,1274,1298]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Guiding ring from anterior end</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB448D4FC14FAC6" box="[754,1007,1274,1298]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">6.2 ± 0.72 (5.0–7.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC48D4FAFEFAC6" box="[1178,1285,1274,1298]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">5.0, 7.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84909FAFEFAEB" box="[238,1285,1319,1343]" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84909FDC2FAEB" box="[238,569,1319,1343]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Nerve ring from anterior end</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44909FC14FAEB" box="[754,1007,1319,1343]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">78.5 ± 3.5 (76–86)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4909FAFEFAEB" box="[1178,1285,1319,1343]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">81, 74</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA8497BFAFEFAB9" box="[238,1285,1365,1389]" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA8497BFDC2FAB9" box="[238,569,1365,1389]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Neck length</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB4497BFC14FAB9" box="[754,1007,1365,1389]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">210.1 ± 10.2 (180–238)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC497BFAFEFAB9" box="[1178,1285,1365,1389]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">220, 217</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA849ACFAFEFA4E" box="[238,1285,1410,1434]" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA849ACFDC2FA4E" box="[238,569,1410,1434]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Expanded part of pharynx</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB449ACFC14FA4E" box="[754,1007,1410,1434]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">94.5 ± 4.6 (84–105)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC49ACFAFEFA4E" box="[1178,1285,1410,1434]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">80, 93</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84981FAFEFA1C" box="[238,1285,1455,1480]" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84981FDC2FA1C" box="[238,569,1455,1480]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Cardia length</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44981FC14FA1C" box="[754,1007,1455,1480]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">10.1 ± 0.90 (8.0–12.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4981FAFEFA1C" box="[1178,1285,1455,1480]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">10.5, 11.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA849F3FAFEFA21" box="[238,1285,1501,1525]" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA849F3FDC2FA21" box="[238,569,1501,1525]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Anterior genital branch</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB449F3FC14FA21" box="[754,1007,1501,1525]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">124.7 ± 10.9 (107–144)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC49F3FAFEFA21" box="[1178,1285,1501,1525]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84A24FAFEF9F6" box="[238,1285,1546,1570]" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84A24FDC2F9F6" box="[238,569,1546,1570]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Posterior genital branch</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44A24FC14F9F6" box="[754,1007,1546,1570]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">7.3 ± 1.06 (5.0–8.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4A24FAFEF9F6" box="[1178,1285,1546,1570]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84A19FAFEF984" box="[238,1285,1591,1616]" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84A19FDC2F984" box="[238,569,1591,1616]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Vaginal length</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44A19FC14F984" box="[754,1007,1591,1616]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">13.1 ± 0.72 (11–15)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4A19FAFEF984" box="[1178,1285,1591,1616]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84A4BFAFEF9A9" box="[238,1285,1637,1661]" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84A4BFDC2F9A9" box="[238,569,1637,1661]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Vulva from anterior end</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44A4BFC14F9A9" box="[754,1007,1637,1661]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">541.4 ± 31.6 (494–612)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4A4BFAFEF9A9" box="[1178,1285,1637,1661]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84ABCFAFEF97E" box="[238,1285,1682,1706]" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84ABCFDC2F97E" box="[238,569,1682,1706]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Prerectum length</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44ABCFC14F97E" box="[754,1007,1682,1706]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">147.9 ± 16.8 (120–186)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4ABCFAFEF97E" box="[1178,1285,1682,1706]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">127, 139</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84A91FAFEF90C" box="[238,1285,1727,1752]" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84A91FDC2F90C" box="[238,569,1727,1752]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Rectum length</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44A91FC14F90C" box="[754,1007,1727,1752]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">26.9 ± 2.7 (21–31)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4A91FAFEF90C" box="[1178,1285,1727,1752]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">26, 30</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84AC3FAFEF8D1" box="[238,1285,1773,1797]" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84AC3FDC2F8D1" box="[238,569,1773,1797]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Tail length</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44AC3FC14F8D1" box="[754,1007,1773,1797]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">29.2 ± 1.8 (26–32)</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4AC3FAFEF8D1" box="[1178,1285,1773,1797]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">29, 30</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84B34FAFEF8E6" box="[238,1285,1818,1842]" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84B34FDC2F8E6" box="[238,569,1818,1842]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Spicules length</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44B34FC14F8E6" box="[754,1007,1818,1842]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">–</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4B34FAFEF8E6" box="[1178,1285,1818,1842]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">27, 27</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84B69FAFEF8B4" box="[238,1285,1863,1888]" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84B69FDC2F8B4" box="[238,569,1863,1888]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Lateral guiding pieces</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44B69FC14F8B4" box="[754,1007,1863,1888]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">–</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4B69FAFEF8B4" box="[1178,1285,1863,1888]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">6.0, 6.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="81C40174FF827797ADA84B5BFAFEF859" box="[238,1285,1909,1933]" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<th id="C2156808FF827797ADA84B5BFDC2F859" box="[238,569,1909,1933]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">Ventromedian supplements</th>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797AFB44B5BFC14F859" box="[754,1007,1909,1933]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">–</td>
|
||
<td id="C2156808FF827797A9DC4B5BFAFEF859" box="[1178,1285,1909,1933]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="62">4, 4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="6B8B53BEFF83886DADFB4B76FB7CF808" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5557166" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5557166" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5557166/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" startId="5.[189,232,1880,1906]" targetBox="[259,1330,273,1839]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF83886DADFB4B76FB7CF808" blockId="5.[189,1399,1880,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF83886DADFB4B76FEEBF8A6" bold="true" box="[189,272,1880,1906]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF83886DAC5D4B76FCEDF8A6" authority="(Butschli, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Butschli" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[283,790,1880,1906]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF83886DAC5D4B76FDB3F8A6" box="[283,584,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Tylencholaimus mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF83886DAF1A4B76FCF5F8A6" author="Butschli O." box="[604,782,1880,1906]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref21782" refString="Butschli O. 1873. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Nematoden. Nova acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum 36: 1 - 124. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12601002 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1873">Bütschli, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(LM photographs).
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF83886DA9574B76FBB2F8A6" bold="true" box="[1041,1097,1880,1906]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">A–B</emphasis>
|
||
. Female anterior region.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF83886DADFB4B55FF29F841" bold="true" box="[189,210,1915,1941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Female anterior region showing amphid.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF83886DAF8F4B52FD25F842" bold="true" box="[713,734,1916,1942]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Female pharyngeal region.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF83886DA9764B52FBB8F842" bold="true" box="[1072,1091,1916,1942]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Female expanded part of pharynx.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF83886DAC6B4BB1FEC4F86D" bold="true" box="[301,319,1951,1977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Female genital system.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF83886DAF2C4BB0FD84F86C" bold="true" box="[618,639,1950,1976]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Vulval region.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF83886DAE044BB1FCA3F86D" bold="true" box="[834,856,1951,1977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Female posterior region.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF83886DA9D34BB1FB64F86D" bold="true" box="[1173,1183,1951,1977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Female posterior end.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF83886DADB04BECFED1F808" bold="true" box="[246,298,1986,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">J–K</emphasis>
|
||
. Male posterior end. Scale bars: A–C, E–G, I–K = 10 μm; D, H = 20 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF80886EADFB4E4AFE0BFC0A" blockId="6.[188,1399,612,991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Genital system monodelphic-prodelphic. Ovary reflexed, measuring 46–127 μm long, rarely extending beyond the oviduct-uterus junction (n = 4); oocytes arranged in single row except near tip. Oviduct joining the ovary subterminally, measuring 38–91 μm, its proximal and distal parts not differentiated. Oviduct-uterus junction marked by weak sphincter. Uterus short and tubular, measuring 28–47 μm long. Posterior genital branch reduced to very small sac-like structure, measuring 5.0–8.5 μm long or about ¼ of midbody diameter. Sperm cell absent. Vagina cylindrical, extending inward, 11–15 μm, or about ⅓ to ½ (35–50%) of midbody diameter; pars proximalis vaginae 6.5–9.5 × 6.0–8.0 μm, encircled by circular muscles; pars distalis vaginae 4.0–5.5 μm with slightly curved walls; pars refringens absent. Vulva apparently a transverse slit. Prerectum 5.6–8.8 and rectum 1.0–1.5 anal body diameter long. Tail convex-conoid with bluntly rounded terminus, 1.2–1.8 times anal body diameter long, with a pair of caudal pores on each side.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF80886EADAC4828FED1FBF4" blockId="6.[188,1400,1030,1514]" box="[234,298,1030,1056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EADAC4828FED1FBF4" bold="true" box="[234,298,1030,1056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Male</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF80886EADFB4807FB43FA3D" blockId="6.[188,1400,1030,1514]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">General morphology similar to that of female, except for posterior region being more ventrally curved. Genital system diorchic, testes opposed, sperm cell spindle-shaped. In addition to adcloacal pair at 7.0–8.0 µm from cloacal aperture, there are four ventromedian supplements, located outside the range of spicules, first ventromedian supplement at 37–38 μm from adcloacal pair, second at 7.0–8.0 μm from first, third at 22–23 μm from second and fourth at 10–11 μm from third ventromedian supplement. Spicules typically dorylaimoid, curved ventrad, relatively robust, 4.0–4.4 times as long as wide and 1.2– 1.3 times as long as body diameter at level of cloacal aperture, dorsal contour regularly convex, ventral contour bearing a moderately developed hump and hollow, curvature 123–125º, head occupying about 22% of total spicules length, median pieces 9.5–10.2 times as long as wide, occupying about 30% of the spicules maximum width, reaching the spicules tip, posterior end 3.0–3.5 μm wide. Lateral guiding pieces distinct, rod-like, 3.4–4.0 times as long as wide or ¼ of the spicules length. Prerectum 6.0–7.0 and rectum 1.2–1.5 times cloacal body diameter long. Tail short, convex-conoid, with bluntly rounded terminus, 1.4 cloacal body diameter in length, with a pair of caudal pores on each side.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="77EE50BDFF80886FADFB4A3FFCA9FE07" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF80886EADFB4A3FFED4F9FF" blockId="6.[189,303,1553,1579]" box="[189,303,1553,1579]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<heading id="6403B45AFF80886EADFB4A3FFED4F9FF" bold="true" box="[189,303,1553,1579]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EADFB4A3FFED4F9FF" bold="true" box="[189,303,1553,1579]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF80886FADFB4A11FCA9FE07" blockId="6.[188,1399,1599,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[188,1400,265,468]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF80886EADFB4A11FE8CF98D" author="Butschli O." box="[189,375,1599,1625]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref21782" refString="Butschli O. 1873. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Nematoden. Nova acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum 36: 1 - 124. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12601002 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1873">Bütschli (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF80886EACBA4A11FD1FF98D" authorityName="Butschli" authorityYear="1873" box="[508,740,1599,1625]" class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchidae" genus="Tylenchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EACBA4A11FD1FF98D" box="[508,740,1599,1625]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Tylenchus mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF80886EAE684A11FC60F98D" box="[814,923,1599,1625]" name="Germany" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
for which
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF80886EA9674A11FB2FF98E" author="De Man J. G." box="[1057,1236,1599,1626]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" pagination="78 - 196" refId="ref21956" refString="De Man J. G. 1876. Onderzoekingen over vrij in de aarde levende Nematoden. Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging 2: 78 - 196. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 9771869 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1876">de Man (1876)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
proposed the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF80886EAC4F4A4CFE3AF9A8" authorityName="de Man" authorityYear="1876" box="[265,449,1634,1660]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EAC4F4A4CFE3AF9A8" box="[265,449,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Tylencholaimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF80886EAF424A4DFD70F9A8" authorityName="Butschli" authorityYear="1873" box="[516,651,1634,1660]" class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchidae" genus="Tylenchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EAF424A4DFD70F9A8" box="[516,651,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">T. mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as its type species. The type specimens were not preserved and the identity of the species remained uncertain.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF80886EAFBC4AA8FC4BF974" author="De Man J. G." box="[762,944,1670,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref22006" refString="De Man J. G. 1880. Die einheimischen, frei in der reinen Erde und im sussen Wasser lebende Nematoden. Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging 5: 1 - 104. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 9964525 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1880">De Man (1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF80886EAEF94AA8FC00F974" author="De Man J. G." box="[959,1019,1670,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" refId="ref22062" refString="De Man J. G. 1884. Die, frei in der reinen Erde und im sussen Wasser lebenden Nematoden der niederlandischen Fauna: eine systematisch-faunistische Monographie. Brill, Leiden. Available from https: // archive. org / details / diefreiinderrein 00 manj [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="url" year="1884">1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) collected specimens from soil near Apeldoorn, The Netherland in July, 1879 and described them as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF80886EAEB24A87FAE6F917" baseAuthorityName="Butschli" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[1012,1309,1705,1731]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EAEB24A87FAE6F917" box="[1012,1309,1705,1731]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Tylencholaimus mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF80886EA86A4A87FEF7F933" author="Tarjan A. C." pageId="6" pageNumber="64" pagination="49 - 54" refId="ref23202" refString="Tarjan A. C. 1953. Known and suspected plant-parasitic nematodes of Rhode Island, I. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 20: 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1953">Tarjan (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF80886EACCB4AE3FD2BF932" authorityName="Tarjan" authorityYear="1953" box="[397,720,1740,1766]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Discomyctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="brevicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EACCB4AE3FD2BF932" box="[397,720,1740,1766]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Discomyctus brevicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FD30CDD4FF80886EAE5F4AE2FC42F932" box="[793,953,1740,1766]" country="United States of America" name="Rhode Island" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Rhode Island</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF80886EAE834AE2FB9DF932" box="[965,1126,1740,1766]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which he later (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF80886EA86C4AE2FF01F8DE" author="Tarjan A. C." pageId="6" pageNumber="64" pagination="88 - 92" refId="ref23233" refString="Tarjan A. C. 1956. Known and suspected plant-parasitic nematodes of Rhode Island, II. Xiphinema americanum with notes on Tylencholaimus brevicaudatus n. comb. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 23: 88 - 92." type="journal article" year="1956">Tarjan 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) transferred to
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EACF04AC1FDA6F8DD" box="[438,605,1775,1801]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Tylecholaimus</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF80886EAF2B4AC1FCC8F8DE" author="Coomans A." box="[621,819,1775,1802]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" pagination="146 - 154" refId="ref21883" refString="Coomans A. 1962. Some species of Dorylaimoidea found in Belgium. I. Members of the Tylencholaiminae Filipjev, 1934. Nematologica 7: 146 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187529262 X 00882" type="journal article" year="1962">Coomans (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF80886EAE964ADEFB6FF8DD" authorityName="Tarjan" authorityYear="1953" box="[976,1172,1775,1801]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Discomyctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="brevicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EAE964ADEFB6FF8DD" box="[976,1172,1775,1801]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">T. brevicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF80886EA9984AC1FAB8F8DD" box="[1246,1347,1775,1801]" name="Belgium" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Belgium</collectingCountry>
|
||
and considered it closely similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF80886EAF774B3DFC79F8F8" authority="(Butschli, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Butschli" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[561,898,1810,1836]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EAF774B3DFD43F8F8" box="[561,696,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">T. mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF80886EAF8E4B3CFC82F8F8" author="Butschli O." box="[712,889,1810,1836]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref21782" refString="Butschli O. 1873. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Nematoden. Nova acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum 36: 1 - 124. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12601002 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1873">Bütschli, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF80886EAEC84B3CFB4FF8F9" author="Loof P. A. A. & Jairajpuri M. S." box="[910,1204,1810,1837]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" pagination="317 - 350" refId="ref22601" refString="Loof P. A. A. & Jairajpuri M. S. 1968. Taxonomic studies on the genus Tylencholaimus De Man, 1876 (Dorylaimoidea) with a key to the species. Nematologica 14: 317 - 350. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187529268 X 00011" type="journal article" year="1968">Loof & Jairajpuri (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in their revision of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF80886EAC174B1BFDF2F89B" authorityName="de Man" authorityYear="1876" box="[337,521,1845,1871]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EAC174B1BFDF2F89B" box="[337,521,1845,1871]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Tylencholaimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, redescribed this species based on
|
||
<specimenCount id="29F2C8BFFF80886EAED94B18FBB8F89B" box="[927,1091,1845,1872]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" type="female">seven females</specimenCount>
|
||
from the type locality and
|
||
<specimenCount id="29F2C8BFFF80886EADFA4B77FEDDF8A7" box="[188,294,1881,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF80886EAC2D4B77FE01F8A7" box="[363,506,1881,1907]" name="Switzerland" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and designated
|
||
<typeStatus id="E04FBD94FF80886EAFFE4B77FCEEF8A7" box="[696,789,1881,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
as well as topotype from these specimens. They also agreed with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF80886EAC084B52FDEAF843" author="De Man J. G." box="[334,529,1916,1943]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" pagination="78 - 196" refId="ref21956" refString="De Man J. G. 1876. Onderzoekingen over vrij in de aarde levende Nematoden. Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging 2: 78 - 196. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 9771869 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1876">de Man’s (1876)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
opinion that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF80886EAFF74B53FCC2F842" baseAuthorityName="Butschli" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[689,825,1916,1942]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EAFF74B53FCC2F842" box="[689,825,1916,1942]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">T. mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the type species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF80886EA9FE4B52FA94F842" authorityName="de Man" authorityYear="1876" box="[1208,1391,1916,1942]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EA9FE4B52FA94F842" box="[1208,1391,1916,1942]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Tylencholaimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF80886EADFB4BB1FE67F86E" author="Vinciguerra M. T." box="[189,412,1951,1978]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" pagination="107 - 116" refId="ref23363" refString="Vinciguerra M. T. 1986. New and known species of Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Dorylaimida: Nematoda) from Italian beech forests with a key to the species. Nematologia Mediterranea 14: 107 - 116." type="journal article" year="1986">Vinciguerra (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described this species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF80886EAFAF4BB1FCDBF86D" box="[745,800,1951,1977]" name="Italy" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
, while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF80886EAE354BB1FAECF86E" author="Pena-Santiago R & Coomans A." box="[883,1303,1951,1978]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" pagination="186 - 213" refId="ref22983" refString="Pena-Santiago R & Coomans A. 1994 b. Revision of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876. Prodelphic species: Part II. Nematologica 40: 186 - 213. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 003525994 X 00139" type="journal article" year="1994">Peña-Santiago & Coomans (1994b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in their revision of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF80886EAC8C4BECFD79F808" authorityName="de Man" authorityYear="1876" box="[458,642,1986,2012]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF80886EAC8C4BECFD79F808" box="[458,642,1986,2012]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Tylencholaimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, made a detailed study of the type population and of another population collected from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF81886FACB94D27FDBDFEF7" box="[511,582,265,291]" name="Spain" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The morphometrics of the present specimens collected from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF81886FA87C4D27FA8DFEF7" box="[1338,1398,265,291]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
conform well with the type population, except in having slightly smaller spicules (27 vs 31 μm). The present specimens also conform well with populations described earlier by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF81886FA97E4D61FB27FEBE" author="Tarjan A. C." box="[1080,1244,335,362]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" pagination="49 - 54" refId="ref23202" refString="Tarjan A. C. 1953. Known and suspected plant-parasitic nematodes of Rhode Island, I. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 20: 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1953">Tarjan (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF81886FA9AE4D61FA83FEBE" author="Loof P. A. A." box="[1256,1400,335,362]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" pagination="169 - 254" refId="ref22505" refString="Loof P. A. A. 1961. The nematode collection of Dr. J. G. de Man 1. Beaufortia 8: 169 - 254. Available from https: // repository. naturalis. nl / pub / 504815 [accessed 11 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1961">Loof (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF81886FADA94D5DFE4DFE59" author="Coomans A." box="[239,438,370,397]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" pagination="146 - 154" refId="ref21883" refString="Coomans A. 1962. Some species of Dorylaimoidea found in Belgium. I. Members of the Tylencholaiminae Filipjev, 1934. Nematologica 7: 146 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187529262 X 00882" type="journal article" year="1962">Coomans (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, except for the presence of males (vs absent). The present specimens also conform with Spanish and Italian populations described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF81886FAE494DB8FB49FE65" author="Pena-Santiago R & Coomans A." box="[783,1202,406,433]" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" pagination="186 - 213" refId="ref22983" refString="Pena-Santiago R & Coomans A. 1994 b. Revision of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876. Prodelphic species: Part II. Nematologica 40: 186 - 213. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 003525994 X 00139" type="journal article" year="1994">Peña-Santiago & Coomans (1994b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF81886FA9AA4DB8FEF4FE00" author="Vinciguerra M. T." pageId="7" pageNumber="65" pagination="107 - 116" refId="ref23363" refString="Vinciguerra M. T. 1986. New and known species of Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Dorylaimida: Nematoda) from Italian beech forests with a key to the species. Nematologia Mediterranea 14: 107 - 116." type="journal article" year="1986">Vinciguerra (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This is the first report of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF81886FAF7B4D94FD3DFE07" baseAuthorityName="Butschli" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[573,710,441,467]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="7" pageNumber="65" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF81886FAF7B4D94FDB6FE07" box="[573,589,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF81886FAF1A4D97FD3DFE07" box="[604,710,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF81886FAE484D97FCB5FE07" box="[782,846,441,467]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="65">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |