342 lines
38 KiB
XML
342 lines
38 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="77DF36BE4BFAE5CDD71DF6428608E2C1">Synopsis of the Castniidae (Lepidoptera) of Costa Rica</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F853BEC5050615EE2AE0D7157C6AFC97">García-Díaz, José De Jesús</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A4338397282E6D1D1CF5BBC49A74A79E">Posgrado en Ciencias, Instituto de Ecología A. C., Red de Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, 91073 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico; Sociedad Mexicana de Lepidopterología A. C.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="28E086A31FC5F4A11DA1E9B4EE8EC71C">Espinoza-Sanabria, Bernardo A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6CD350E1D0BD6E6A56B394BF8BFDD7E3">BioAlfa, Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund Costa Rica, 749 - 1000, San José, Costa Rica</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D3791BE6C99AF4045C753A9C54AB3026">Worthy, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="71AA463F8A42AD40A694E0BA96F88F53">10 The Hill, Church Hill, Caterham, Surrey CR 3 6 SD, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C55969E41917453600B122E438BC811E">González, Jorge M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B60AF8833CA9E8D221E7FD49A0F616EB">Austin Achieve Public Schools, Austin, Texas, (Research Associate, McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity), USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="893918B25B1EBDDC38968C85F9AB7FB1">Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BC16D23C0D4F0937F595C855A3D23F51">Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BD5C18B81A78F7C2E5721D8DFDE90D28">Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9B4E909CC76C92C3C80752679DAB9D52">Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="64865AC5AEC3AF12AB6685EEAC78BEC2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B24A2F81EBB45E3E4A3BACE77A6B4F1B">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="2F6D87D4325DFFD6FF4B3D5BC6F1FBCA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2F6D87D4325DFFD6FF4B3D5BC6F1FBCA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F6D87D4325DFFD6FF4B3D5BC6F1FBCA" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
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<subSubSection id="EFDE6549325DFFD7FF4B3D5BC5AEF885" box="[151,711,1816,1843]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A77B36C2325DFFD7FF4B3D5BC5AEF885" blockId="12.[151,711,1816,1879]" box="[151,711,1816,1843]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
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<heading id="FC3381AE325DFFD7FF4B3D5BC5AEF885" bold="true" box="[151,711,1816,1843]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325DFFD7FF4B3D5BC5AEF885" bold="true" box="[151,711,1816,1843]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
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7.
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<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325DFFD7FF693D5AC5AEF885" authority="(Rothschild, 1919)" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild" baseAuthorityYear="1919" box="[181,711,1816,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Telchin" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="licus" subSpecies="microsticta">
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<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325DFFD7FF693D5AC6B5F885" bold="true" box="[181,476,1816,1843]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Telchin licus microsticta</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325DFFD7FE373D5AC5D6F885" author="Rothschild, L. W." box="[491,703,1816,1842]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref28252" refString="Rothschild, L. W. (1919) Supplementary notes to the review of Houlbert and Oberthur's monograph of Castniinae by Talbot and Prout. Novitates Zoologicae, 26 (1), 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="1919">Rothschild, 1919</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="EFDE6549325DFFD7FF4B3D7EC687F8E0" box="[151,494,1852,1879]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A77B36C2325DFFD7FF4B3D7EC687F8E0" blockId="12.[151,711,1816,1879]" box="[151,494,1852,1879]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
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(
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<figureCitation id="3FFF2A47325DFFD7FF433D7EC65BF8E0" box="[159,306,1852,1879]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,186,1554]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[151,1435,181,1555]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–B: Telchin evalthe tica; A: ♂, San José, P. B. Carrillo, La Montura, 1050m, 23mayo 1981, I. A. Chacón, INBIOCRI001055993, MNCR-A1055993 (MNCR); B: ♀, Alajuela, Reserva de San Ramón, Río San Lorencito, 23mayo1986, I. A. Chacón, INBIOCRI001056104, MNCR-A1056104 (MNCR); C–D: Telchin licus microsticta; C: ♂, San José, P. N. Braulio Carrillo, Est. Carrillo, 730m, 20mayo85, Abelardo Chacón, INBIOCRI001055981, MNCR-A1055981 (MNCR); D: ♀, Casacode, 7 abril 97, I. Chacón (MNCR). Scale bar = 2cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12749647" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12749647/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Figs. 3C, 3D</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="3FFF2A47325DFFD7FEE23D7FC6C0F8E0" box="[318,425,1853,1879]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,777,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-267@26.[151,1436,777,1652]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 11. A–C: Telchin evalthe tica; A: ♂, Pococí, Limón, 03-IV-2008 (photo: Steven Daniel); B: ♂, Coto Brus, Puntarenas, 27-V-2022 (photo: Randall Jiménez); C: ♀, Golfito, Puntarenas, 12-VII-2008 (photo: Gernot Kunz); D–E: Telchin licus microsticta; D: ♀, Alajuela, San Ramón, 22-IV-2020 (photo: Gustavo Orozco); E: ♂, San Carlos, Alajuela, 29-V-2023 (photo: Colin Allen); F–G: Telchin atymnius drucei; F: ♂, Golfito, Puntarenas, 18-I-2022 (photo: Heiner Ziegler); G: ♀, Puriscal, San José, 31-VIII-2022 (photo: Kirby Wolfe); H–I: Telchin atymnius futilis; H: ♂, Pococí, Limón, 16-I-2020 (photo: Alexandre Terrigeol); I: ♀, Sarapiquí, Heredia, 26-II-2022 (photo: Kyle Horner)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12749668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12749668/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">11D, 11E</figureCitation>
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||
,
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||
<figureCitation id="3FFF2A47325DFFD7FE693D7FC68FF8E0" box="[437,486,1853,1879]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1325,1349]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,421,1298]" captionTargetId="figure-122@29.[152,1435,417,1301]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 13. Distribution maps of the genus Telchin in Costa Rica. A: T. atymnius futilis; B: T. atymnius drucei; C: T. evalthe tica; D: T. licus microsticta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12749674" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12749674/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">13D</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EFDE6549325DFFD7FF4B3DC3C452F842" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="A77B36C2325DFFD7FF4B3DC3C336F82E" blockId="12.[151,1436,1921,2037]" box="[151,1119,1921,1945]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
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<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325DFFD7FF4B3DC3C5CFF82E" ID-CoL="5G997" authority="Rothschild, 1919" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,678,1921,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="albomaculata" subSpecies="microsticta">
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||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325DFFD7FF4B3DC3C686F82E" box="[151,495,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Castnia albomaculata microsticta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325DFFD7FE293DC3C5CFF82E" author="Rothschild, L. W." box="[501,678,1921,1945]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref28252" refString="Rothschild, L. W. (1919) Supplementary notes to the review of Houlbert and Oberthur's monograph of Castniinae by Talbot and Prout. Novitates Zoologicae, 26 (1), 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="1919">Rothschild, 1919</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325DFFD7FD6C3DC3C409F82E" author="Rothschild, L. W." box="[688,864,1921,1945]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref28252" refString="Rothschild, L. W. (1919) Supplementary notes to the review of Houlbert and Oberthur's monograph of Castniinae by Talbot and Prout. Novitates Zoologicae, 26 (1), 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="1919">Rothschild, 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
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.
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||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325DFFD7FCB63DC3C34EF82E" bold="true" box="[874,1063,1921,1945]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Novit. Zool. 26(1)</emphasis>
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||
, p. 9.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A77B36C2325DFFD7FF4B3DE2C6A9F861" blockId="12.[151,1436,1921,2037]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
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||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325DFFD7FF4B3DE2C545F800" box="[151,556,1952,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Leucocastnia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="albomaculata" subSpecies="microsticta">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325DFFD7FF4B3DE2C545F800" box="[151,556,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Leucocastnia albomaculata microsticta</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325DFFD7FDE73DE2C5D5F800" author="Miller, J. Y." box="[571,700,1951,1976]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" pagination="176 - 177" refId="ref27137" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1995) Castniidae. In: Heppner, J. B. (Ed.), Checklist: Part 2. Hyblaeoidea-Pyraloidea-Tortricoidea. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera / Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, Florida, pp. 133 - 137 + 176 - 177." type="book chapter" year="1995">Miller, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325DFFD7FD163DDDC5B6F800" bold="true" box="[714,735,1951,1975]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">in</emphasis>
|
||
Heppner.
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325DFFD7FC913DDDC607F861" bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
|
||
Castnioidea:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325DFFD7FC023DDDC33CF800" ID-CoL="7SJ" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1828" box="[990,1109,1951,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Castniidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325DFFD7FBBE3DDDC3BEF800" ID-CoL="93MSF" authorityName="Houlbert" authorityYear="1918" box="[1122,1239,1951,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Castniinae">Castniinae</taxonomicName>
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||
, Checklist part 2, Atlas Neo. Lep.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
, p. 135.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="A77B36C2325DFFD7FF4B3D9FC452F842" blockId="12.[151,1436,1921,2037]" box="[151,827,2013,2037]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325DFFD7FF4B3D9FC6E7F842" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild" baseAuthorityYear="1919" box="[151,398,2013,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Telchin" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="licus" subSpecies="microsticta">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325DFFD7FF4B3D9FC6E7F842" box="[151,398,2013,2037]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Telchin licus microsticta</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325DFFD7FE403D9FC576F842" author="Lamas, G." box="[412,543,2013,2037]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" pagination="73 - 87" refId="ref26450" refString="Lamas, G. (1995) A critical review of J. Y. Miller´s checklist of the Neotropical Castniidae (Lepidoptera). Revista Peruana de Entomologia, 37, 73 - 87." type="journal article" year="1995">Lamas, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325DFFD7FDF73D9FC59CF842" bold="true" box="[555,757,2013,2037]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Revta. Per. Ent. 37</emphasis>
|
||
, p. 81.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="EFDE6549325CFFD6FF4B3AD4C6A6FD8A" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="A77B36C2325CFFD6FF4B3AD4C683FEAA" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FF4B3AD4C614FF06" bold="true" box="[151,381,150,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">General comments.</emphasis>
|
||
This is the northernmost subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FCF03AD5C4D1FF06" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Drury" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[812,952,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Telchin" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="licus">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FCF03AD5C4D1FF06" box="[812,952,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Telchin licus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325CFFD6FB713AD5C21FFF06" author="Rothschild, L. W." box="[1197,1398,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref28252" refString="Rothschild, L. W. (1919) Supplementary notes to the review of Houlbert and Oberthur's monograph of Castniinae by Talbot and Prout. Novitates Zoologicae, 26 (1), 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="1919">Rothschild (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FF4B3AF9C57DFF63" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,532,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="albomaculata" subSpecies="microsticta">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FF4B3AF9C57DFF63" box="[151,532,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Castnia albomaculata microsticta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) based on specimens from San Ramón, Río Wanks in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DFD37652325CFFD6FBA43AF9C387FF62" box="[1144,1262,187,213]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and Esperanza in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DFD37652325CFFD6FF693A9DC65AFF4E" box="[181,307,223,249]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This taxon had been previously cited by Druce (1883) (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FC0E3A9DC30FFF4E" box="[978,1126,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="licus">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FC0E3A9DC30FFF4E" box="[978,1126,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Castnia licus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DFD37652325CFFD6FB693A9DC25AFF4E" box="[1205,1331,223,249]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and also from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6500F820325CFFD6FF093B41C621FEAA" box="[213,328,259,285]" country="Nicaragua" name="Chontales" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Chontales</collectingRegion>
|
||
, in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DFD37652325CFFD6FEB33B41C68FFEAA" box="[367,486,259,285]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A77B36C2325CFFD6FF1B3B65C51FFE66" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FF1B3B65C63DFEF6" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Drury" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[199,340,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Telchin" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="licus">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FF1B3B65C63DFEF6" box="[199,340,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Telchin licus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a species with a highly adaptive alimentary plasticity since there are records of its larvae feeding on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FF663B09C635FED2" ID-CoL="624PY" box="[186,348,331,357]" class="Liliopsida" family="Heliconiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Heliconiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FEBB3B09C6B3FED2" ID-CoL="CZK" box="[359,474,331,357]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Musaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FDC83B09C51AFED2" ID-CoL="627FW" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[532,627,331,357]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, becoming a pest of crops in at least two of those families (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325CFFD6FAD53B09C2FEFED2" author="Ballou, H. A." box="[1289,1431,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref23665" refString="Ballou, H. A. (1914) Insect pests of Sugar Cane in Antigua and St. Kitts. Pamphlet series. Imperial Department of Agriculture for the West Indies, 75, 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1914">Ballou 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325CFFD6FF4B3B2DC67AFE3E" author="Lima, A. M. C." box="[151,275,366,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" refId="ref26689" refString="Lima, A. M. C. (1945) Insetos do Brasil, 5 º Tomo. Lepidopteros, 1 ª parte. Escola Nacional de Agronomia, Rio de Janeiro, Serie Didactica No 7. Escola Nacional de Agronomia, Rio de Janeiro, 379 pp." type="book" year="1945">Lima 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325CFFD6FEC03B2DC6AEFE3E" author="Aya, V. M. & Pabon, A. & Gonzalez, J. M. & Vargas, G." box="[284,455,367,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="399 - 410" refId="ref23600" refString="Aya, V. M., Pabon, A., Gonzalez, J. M. & Vargas, G. (2022) Morphological and molecular characterization of Castniidae (Lepidoptera) associated to sugarcane in Colombia. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 112 (3) 399 - 410. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485321000997" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Aya
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FE923B2DC6EDFE3E" box="[334,388,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DFD37652325CFFD6FE293B2DC519FE3E" box="[501,624,367,393]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, some authors have cited
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FC553B2DC37CFE3E" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Drury" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[905,1045,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Telchin" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="licus">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FC553B2DC37CFE3E" box="[905,1045,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Telchin licus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a sugarcane pest in several areas of the country; however, they have been incorrectly identified, and the taxa collected were either
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FB0A3BD1C22EFE1A" box="[1238,1351,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
T. a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FADB3BD1C22EFE1A" ID-CoL="RQLZ" baseAuthorityName="Garcia-Diaz" baseAuthorityYear="2022" box="[1287,1351,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="futilis">futilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
or
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FAB03BD1C7B6FE66" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
T. a.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FF4B3BF5C7B6FE66" ID-CoL="967J7" authorityName="Schaus, Guapiles CR" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,223,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="drucei">drucei</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325CFFD6FF313BF5C6ECFE66" author="LAICA" box="[237,389,439,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="6 - 20" refId="ref26393" refString="LAICA (2017) Informe de resultados 2016. Programa de Fitosanidad, Manejo de Plagas, San Jose, Costa Rica, May 2017, 6 - 20." type="book chapter" year="2017">LAICA 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325CFFD6FE4D3BF5C503FE66" author="Garcia-Diaz, J. J." box="[401,618,439,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="63 - 72" refId="ref24439" refString="Garcia-Diaz, J. J. (2022 a) Distribution and observations on the biology of Telchin atymnius futilis (Walker, 1856) (Castniidae: Castniinae) in Mexico. Tropical Lepidoptera Research, 32 (1), 63 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 6588547" type="journal article" year="2022">García-Díaz 2022a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A77B36C2325CFFD6FF1B3B99C6A6FD8A" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
Sexual dimorphism in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FE153B99C5B4FE43" baseAuthorityName="Rothschild" baseAuthorityYear="1919" box="[457,733,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Telchin" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="licus" subSpecies="microsticta">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FE153B99C5B4FE43" box="[457,733,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Telchin licus microsticta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is as evident as in most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FC2A3B99C3C9FE42" box="[1014,1184,475,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FC2A3B99C32EFE42" box="[1014,1095,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Telchin</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
since males possess a faint subapical spot band on the dorsal forewing, but females have this spot band sharply defined, as well as having rounded forewings apically.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EFDE6549325CFFD6FF1B3805C43FFC36" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="A77B36C2325CFFD6FF1B3805C43FFC36" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FF1B3805C6BDFDD7" bold="true" box="[199,468,582,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Ecology and behavior.</emphasis>
|
||
Little is known about the ecology and behavior of
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FBFA3805C3B1FDD7" box="[1062,1240,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
T. l.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FB873805C3B1FDD7" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1919" box="[1115,1240,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microsticta">microsticta</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. However, many authors have indicated that the host plants of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FD663829C466FD32" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Drury" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[698,783,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Telchin" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="licus">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FD663829C466FD32" box="[698,783,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">T. licus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
correspond to species in the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FB143829C26FFD33" box="[1224,1286,619,644]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FB143829C26FFD33" box="[1224,1286,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Musa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FAC63829C2F9FD32" box="[1306,1424,619,645]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Musaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FF4B38CDC67CFD1E" box="[151,277,655,681]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Saccharum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FF4B38CDC67CFD1E" box="[151,277,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Saccharum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FEFF38CDC6ECFD1E" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[291,389,655,681]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FE1938CDC55AFD1E" box="[453,563,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Heliconia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FE1938CDC55AFD1E" box="[453,563,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Heliconia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FD9D38CDC58AFD1E" box="[577,739,655,681]" class="Liliopsida" family="Heliconiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Heliconiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325CFFD6FD2538CDC4EFFD1E" author="Ballou, H. A." box="[761,902,655,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref23665" refString="Ballou, H. A. (1914) Insect pests of Sugar Cane in Antigua and St. Kitts. Pamphlet series. Imperial Department of Agriculture for the West Indies, 75, 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1914">Ballou 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325CFFD6FC4D38CDC364FD1E" author="Lima, A. M. C." box="[913,1037,654,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" refId="ref26689" refString="Lima, A. M. C. (1945) Insetos do Brasil, 5 º Tomo. Lepidopteros, 1 ª parte. Escola Nacional de Agronomia, Rio de Janeiro, Serie Didactica No 7. Escola Nacional de Agronomia, Rio de Janeiro, 379 pp." type="book" year="1945">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6500F820325CFFD6FC4D38CDC4A5FD1E" box="[913,972,655,681]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Lima</collectingRegion>
|
||
1945
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Maes 1999, 2004;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325CFFD6FB3838CDC2F9FD1E" author="Aya, V. M. & Pabon, A. & Gonzalez, J. M. & Vargas, G." box="[1252,1424,655,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="399 - 410" refId="ref23600" refString="Aya, V. M., Pabon, A., Gonzalez, J. M. & Vargas, G. (2022) Morphological and molecular characterization of Castniidae (Lepidoptera) associated to sugarcane in Colombia. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 112 (3) 399 - 410. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485321000997" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Aya
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FACB38CDC227FD1E" box="[1303,1358,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the specific host for this subspecies is unknown. Adults are diurnal and fly on sunny or cloudy days; males are territorial and patrol much of the day along trails, open gaps, roads, or bodies of water in search of females with which to mate; after several minutes of flight, the males perch for a short time on branches, stems or leaves of trees or shrubs to thermoregulate in a stegopterous position, and later continue patrolling; males are more active on sunny days with high temperatures, while on cloudy days or when the temperature drops, they can be seen mostly perching and barely flying (Colin Allen &
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FDD03925C5D8FC36" authority="Potter" authorityName="Potter" box="[524,689,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Cynthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cynthia Potter</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EFDE6549325CFFD6FF1B39C8C6F1FBCA" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="A77B36C2325CFFD6FF1B39C8C6F1FBCA" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FF1B39C8C556FC13" bold="true" box="[199,575,906,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Distribution and biogeography.</emphasis>
|
||
It has been recorded from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DFD37652325CFFD6FCAD39C9C4B7FC12" box="[881,990,907,933]" name="Honduras" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DFD37652325CFFD6FBDF39C9C317FC12" box="[1027,1150,907,933]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Druce 1883;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325CFFD6FAFF39C9C7BBFC7E" author="Rothschild, L. W." pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref28252" refString="Rothschild, L. W. (1919) Supplementary notes to the review of Houlbert and Oberthur's monograph of Castniinae by Talbot and Prout. Novitates Zoologicae, 26 (1), 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="1919">Rothschild 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Maes 1999, 2004;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325CFFD6FE7B39EDC503FC7E" author="Miller, J. Y. & Matthews, D. L. & Warren, A. D. & Solis, M. A. & Harvey, D. J. & Gentili-Poole, P. & Lehman, R. & Emmel, T. C. & Covell, C. V. Jr." box="[423,618,943,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref27265" refString="Miller, J. Y., Matthews, D. L., Warren, A. D., Solis, M. A., Harvey, D. J., Gentili-Poole, P., Lehman, R., Emmel, T. C. & Covell, C. V. Jr. (2012) An Annotated List of the Lepidoptera of Honduras. Insecta Mundi, 205, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Miller
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FE2F39EDC540FC7E" box="[499,553,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325CFFD6FDAF39EDC4F6FC7E" author="van den Berghe, E. & Maes, J. M. & Hernandez-Baz, F. & Gonzalez, J. M." box="[627,927,943,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="272 - 284" refId="ref28713" refString="van den Berghe, E., Maes, J. M., Hernandez-Baz, F. & Gonzalez, J. M. (2020) Synopsis of the Castniidae (Lepidoptera) from Honduras and Nicaragua, Central America. Zootaxa, 4895 (2), 272 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4895.2.6" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Van den Berghe
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FCFB39EDC434FC7E" box="[807,861,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).According to the information at our disposal,
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FF4B3991C627FC5B" box="[151,334,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
T. l.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C44D41325CFFD6FF0D3991C627FC5B" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1919" box="[209,334,979,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microsticta">microsticta</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
seems to be distributed on the Caribbean slope of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DFD37652325CFFD6FC713991C342FC5A" box="[941,1067,979,1005]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
within localities that according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B33325CFFD6FF6439B5C6D3FBA6" author="Morrone, J. J. & Escalante, T. & Rodriguez-Tapia, G. & Carmona, A. & Arana, M. & Mercado-Gomez, J. D." box="[184,442,1015,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" refId="ref27719" refString="Morrone, J. J., Escalante, T., Rodriguez-Tapia, G., Carmona, A., Arana, M. & Mercado-Gomez, J. D. (2022) Biogeographic regionalization of the Neotropical region: New map and shapefile. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 94, e 20211167. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 0001 - 3765202220211167" type="journal volume" year="2022">
|
||
Morrone
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FEF939B5C60BFBA6" box="[293,354,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2022)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, belong to the Guatuso-Talamanca province of the Pacific dominion in the Brazilian subregion. It has been collected and sighted in the following Costa Rican provinces and cantons:
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FB183E58C25BFB83" bold="true" box="[1220,1330,1050,1076]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6500F820325CFFD6FB183E58C247FB83" box="[1220,1326,1050,1076]" country="Costa Rica" name="Alajuela" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Alajuela</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Guatuso, San Carlos, San Ramón;
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FE643E7CC524FBEF" bold="true" box="[440,589,1086,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6500F820325CFFD6FE643E7CC521FBEF" box="[440,584,1086,1112]" country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Guanacaste</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
La Cruz;
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FD1F3E7CC445FBEF" bold="true" box="[707,812,1086,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6500F820325CFFD6FD1F3E7CC44EFBEF" box="[707,807,1086,1112]" country="Costa Rica" name="Heredia" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Heredia</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Sarapiquí;
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FC6D3E7CC363FBEE" bold="true" box="[945,1034,1086,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6500F820325CFFD6FC6D3E7CC36CFBEE" box="[945,1029,1086,1113]" country="Costa Rica" name="Limon" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Limón</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Limón, Matina, Pococí;
|
||
<emphasis id="95B0EAD0325CFFD6FAF63E7CC2F5FBEE" bold="true" box="[1322,1436,1086,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6500F820325CFFD6FAF63E7CC2F1FBEE" box="[1322,1432,1086,1113]" country="Costa Rica" name="San Jose" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">San José</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Vázquez de Coronado.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |