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<mods:title id="5CCB3FCE4B99345579E90BC48B76B4DF">Towards reliable identification of male Dicerura: descriptions of three new and seven poorly known species in the Palearctic region (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae, Porricondylinae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="9E1D954CFFEA9665FF51FC20D988FA9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5966104" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148671186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5966104" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9E1D954CFFEA9665FF51FC20D988FA9E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9E1D954CFFEA9665FF51FC20D988FA9E" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="15" pageNumber="100">
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<paragraph id="160B245AFFEA9665FF51FC20D824FC28" blockId="15.[151,552,938,964]" box="[151,552,938,964]" pageId="15" pageNumber="100">
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<taxonomicName id="D1B45FD9FFEA9665FF51FC20D824FC28" ID-CoL="35JWL" authority="Kieffer, 1898" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,552,938,964]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dicerura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scirpicola">
<emphasis id="24C0F848FFEA9665FF51FC20D824FC28" bold="true" box="[151,552,938,964]" pageId="15" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="24C0F848FFEA9665FF51FC20DB8CFC28" bold="true" box="[151,384,938,964]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="100">Dicerura scirpicola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="722559ABFFEA9665FE4EFC20D824FC28" box="[392,552,938,964]" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" refId="ref11034" refString="Kieffer, J. - J. (1898) Synopse des cecidomyies d'Europe et d'Algerie decrites jusqu'a ce jour. Bulletin de la Societe d'HiStoire Naturelle de Metz, Series 2, 8, 1 - 64." type="journal article">Kieffer, 1898</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="160B245AFFEA9665FF51FC78D988FA9E" blockId="15.[151,1437,1009,1394]" pageId="15" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName id="D1B45FD9FFEA9665FF51FC78DB79FBE5" ID-CoL="35JWL" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,373,1009,1033]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dicerura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scirpicola">
<emphasis id="24C0F848FFEA9665FF51FC78DB79FBE5" box="[151,373,1009,1033]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="100">Dicerura scirpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the generic type, was described from France based on larvae and adults of both sexes (
<bibRefCitation id="722559ABFFEA9665FA8CFC7BDADEFBC2" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" refId="ref11034" refString="Kieffer, J. - J. (1898) Synopse des cecidomyies d'Europe et d'Algerie decrites jusqu'a ce jour. Bulletin de la Societe d'HiStoire Naturelle de Metz, Series 2, 8, 1 - 64." type="journal article">Kieffer 1898</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="722559ABFFEA9665FF18FB9CDB16FBC2" box="[222,282,1046,1070]" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" refId="ref11073" refString="Kieffer, J. - J. (1899) Ueber Dicerura Kieff. (Iridomyza Rbs.). Wiener EntomologiSche Zeitung, 18, 165 - 169." type="journal article">1899</bibRefCitation>
). According to Kieffers (1899) paper, which contains an illustration of the male genitalia (fig. 2), the following male characters could help to positively identify this species: the color of the body is generally yellow without dark markings on thorax and abdomen; the ninth tergite is bilobed posteriorly; the gonostylus is almost three times longer than wide, bent slightly inwards, and provided with a small, slightly protruding lobe mediobasally; and the apical fork of the ejaculatory apodeme is strongly diverging. The latter character in particular might be specific to
<taxonomicName id="D1B45FD9FFEA9665FE34FB40D889FB0D" ID-CoL="35JWL" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1898" box="[498,645,1225,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dicerura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scirpicola">
<emphasis id="24C0F848FFEA9665FE34FB40D889FB0D" box="[498,645,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="100">D. scirpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We suppose that this species is a member of the
<taxonomicName id="D1B45FD9FFEA9665FB7EFB43DEFFFB0D" ID-CoL="35JWC" baseAuthorityName="Kaltenbach" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[1208,1267,1225,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dicerura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iridis">
<emphasis id="24C0F848FFEA9665FB7EFB43DEFFFB0D" box="[1208,1267,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="100">iridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group.
<bibRefCitation id="722559ABFFEA9665FA8AFB43DAD6FAEA" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" refId="ref11034" refString="Kieffer, J. - J. (1898) Synopse des cecidomyies d'Europe et d'Algerie decrites jusqu'a ce jour. Bulletin de la Societe d'HiStoire Naturelle de Metz, Series 2, 8, 1 - 64." type="journal article">Kieffer (1898</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="722559ABFFEA9665FF20FB64DB13FAEA" box="[230,287,1262,1286]" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" refId="ref11073" refString="Kieffer, J. - J. (1899) Ueber Dicerura Kieff. (Iridomyza Rbs.). Wiener EntomologiSche Zeitung, 18, 165 - 169." type="journal article">1899</bibRefCitation>
) described larvae of
<taxonomicName id="D1B45FD9FFEA9665FDCCFB64D890FAE9" ID-CoL="35JWL" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1898" box="[522,668,1261,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dicerura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scirpicola">
<emphasis id="24C0F848FFEA9665FDCCFB64D890FAE9" box="[522,668,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="100">D. scirpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as living under the leaf sheaths of wood club-rush
<taxonomicName id="D1B45FD9FFEA9665FB11FB64DB24FAC6" authority="L. Prompted" authorityName="L. Prompted" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Scirpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="silvaticus">
<emphasis id="24C0F848FFEA9665FB11FB64DF90FAE9" box="[1239,1436,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="100">Scirpus silvaticus</emphasis>
L. Prompted
</taxonomicName>
by that information, one of us (VS) investigated Latvian stands of
<taxonomicName id="D1B45FD9FFEA9665FB8AFA98DEDAFAC5" box="[1100,1238,1297,1321]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Scirpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="silvaticus">
<emphasis id="24C0F848FFEA9665FB8AFA98DEDAFAC5" box="[1100,1238,1297,1321]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="100">S. silvaticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for larvae of
<taxonomicName id="D1B45FD9FFEA9665FA47FA98DB0BFAA1" ID-CoL="35JWL" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dicerura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scirpicola">
<emphasis id="24C0F848FFEA9665FA47FA98DB0BFAA1" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="100">D. scirpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which did not produce the anticipated result but brought forth the discovery of
<taxonomicName id="D1B45FD9FFEA9665FB6EFABCDF49FAA1" ID-CoL="35JWQ" authorityName="Spungis" authorityYear="1987" box="[1192,1349,1333,1357]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dicerura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unidentata">
<emphasis id="24C0F848FFEA9665FB6EFABCDF49FAA1" box="[1192,1349,1333,1357]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="100">D. unidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whose larvae were found to live in the same microhabitat (
<bibRefCitation id="722559ABFFEA9665FD1FFAD3D97BFA9E" box="[729,887,1369,1394]" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" refId="ref11438" refString="Spungis, V. (1987) Gall midges of the subtribe Dicerurina (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) in Latvia. LatvijaS EntomologS, 30, 15 - 42. [in Russian]" type="journal article">Spungis 1987</bibRefCitation>
).
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