387 lines
58 KiB
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387 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="0A42B7AF07D1DF78B30616FD25299C35" ID-CLB-Dataset="2538" ID-DOI="10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d1c9ddc9-7540-4a93-b1c6-64911f5bc7d6" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5864620" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F160F03E-EF81-41E0-8DC9-61BF440F75B7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1642425556077" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I." docDate="2022" docId="B716DD329B3DAA229770B560B3B207CD" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.44.1.1-26.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 44 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631.7:Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Phyllodoce Savigny" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="4B2FA54A9B38AA25943CB033B602063D" masterDocTitle="New species of hesionid and phyllodocid polychaetes (Annelida, Errantia) from Clipperton Island" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1699302619242" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="78E34D70B2A6B6066184E111B6012DE3">New species of hesionid and phyllodocid polychaetes (Annelida, Errantia) from Clipperton Island</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4BC640BB73FBDB5CB0FD3B78886F3E58">Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D456F98AB3B1F2AEFD0265C3A6CBB046">El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Departamento Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, Chetumal, Quintana Roo (Mexico) Savs 551216 @ hotmail. com, ssalazar @ ecosur. mx</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A6C0326CAD478BA16D2644EAF40C9340" type="email">ssalazar@ecosur.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="648880959DFFB1555BEEA407838C85CD">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="871BB9BCF1304AD9DA1730DDD363E06D">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4F5C564730F174F62B791A727DE6A669">44</mods:number>
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<treatment id="B716DD329B3DAA229770B560B3B207CD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5872792" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192413009" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5872792" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B716DD329B3DAA229770B560B3B207CD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B716DD329B3DAA229770B560B3B207CD" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="77A53FAF9B3DAA209770B560B3920350" box="[844,1424,1363,1389]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3F006C249B3DAA209770B560B3920350" blockId="5.[844,1424,1363,1389]" box="[844,1424,1363,1389]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<heading id="6448DB489B3DAA209770B560B3920350" box="[844,1424,1363,1389]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3DAA2097A5B560B25D0350" ID-CoL="6PML" authority="Savigny" authorityName="Savigny" box="[921,1119,1363,1389]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3DAA2097A5B560B2070350" box="[921,1029,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
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Savigny
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3DAA20905AB567B27E0350" box="[1126,1148,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">in</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA2090BFB560B3250350" author="Lamarck" box="[1155,1319,1363,1389]" firstAuthor="Lamarck" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" refId="ref21805" refString="LAMARCK J. B. 1818. - Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres presentant les Caracteres Generaux et Particuliers de ces Animaux, leur Distribution, leurs Classes, leurs Familles, leurs Genres, et la Citation des Principales Especes qui s'y Rapportent. Deterville & Verdiere, Paris, volume 5. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12886879" type="journal volume" year="1818">Lamarck, 1818</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3DAA209112B567B3920350" box="[1326,1424,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">sensu lato</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="77A53FAF9B3DAA209711B5BFB3340383" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="3F006C249B3DAA209711B5BFB3340383" blockId="5.[813,1455,1420,1471]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1FAF4B0A9B3DAA209711B5BFB3340383" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitation id="BE1E4A359B3DAA209711B5BFB25B0399" author="LAMARCK J. B." box="[813,1113,1420,1444]" page="316" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" year="1818">
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<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3DAA209711B5BFB25B0399" ID-CoL="6PML" authority="Lamarck, 1818: 316" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityPageNumber="316" authorityYear="1818" box="[813,1113,1420,1444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3DAA209711B5BFB58C0399" box="[813,910,1420,1444]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA2097AFB5BFB25B0399" author="Lamarck" box="[915,1113,1420,1444]" firstAuthor="Lamarck" page="316" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" refId="ref21805" refString="LAMARCK J. B. 1818. - Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres presentant les Caracteres Generaux et Particuliers de ces Animaux, leur Distribution, leurs Classes, leurs Familles, leurs Genres, et la Citation des Principales Especes qui s'y Rapportent. Deterville & Verdiere, Paris, volume 5. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12886879" type="journal volume" year="1818">Lamarck, 1818: 316</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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||
<treatmentCitation id="BE1E4A359B3DAA2090BCB5BFB32A0399" author="SAVIGNY J. - C." box="[1152,1320,1420,1444]" page="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" year="1822">
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<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA2090BCB5BFB32A0399" author="Savigny" box="[1152,1320,1420,1444]" firstAuthor="Savigny" page="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref23583" refString="SAVIGNY J. - C. 1822. - Systeme des annelides, principalement de celles des cotes de l'Egypte et de la Syrie, offrant les caracteres tant distinctifs que naturels des ordres, familles et genres, avec la description des especes. Description de l'Egypte, Paris, Histoire Naturelle 1 (3): 1 - 128. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41329897" type="journal article" year="1822">Savigny 1822: 13</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 42. —
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<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA209148B5BFB5960382" author="PLEIJEL F." journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="225 - 261" part="20" refId="ref22833" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1991. - Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta). Zoologica Scripta 20: 225 - 261." title="Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta)" type="journal article" year="1991">Pleijel 1991: 238</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA2097A3B594B2160382" author="PLEIJEL F." box="[927,1044,1447,1471]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="287 - 299" part="108" refId="ref22877" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1993 b. - Phylogeny of Phyllodoce (Polychaeta, Phyllodocidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 108: 287 - 299." title="Phylogeny of Phyllodoce (Polychaeta, Phyllodocidae)" type="journal article" year="1993">1993b: 298</bibRefCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="BE1E4A359B3DAA209001B594B3300383" author="DE OLIVEIRA V. M. & MAGALHAES W. F. & LANA P. C." box="[1085,1330,1446,1471]" page="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" year="2021">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA209001B594B3300383" author="de Oliveira" box="[1085,1330,1446,1471]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="de Oliveira" page="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref19718" refString="DE OLIVEIRA V. M., MAGALHAES W. F. & LANA P. C. 2021. - Ten new species of Phyllodoce Lamarck, 1818 (Phyllodoci- dae, Annelida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 4924: 1 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 zootaxa. 4924.1.1" type="journal article" year="2021">
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de Oliveira
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<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3DAA209093B594B2DC0382" box="[1199,1246,1447,1471]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">et al.</emphasis>
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2021: 5
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="77A53FAF9B3DAA209711B5E4B5B40034" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="type_taxon">
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||
<paragraph id="3F006C249B3DAA209711B5E4B5B40034" blockId="5.[813,1455,1494,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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||
<typeStatus id="E004D2869B3DAA209711B5E4B55F03D1" box="[813,861,1495,1518]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">TYPE</typeStatus>
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SPECIES. —
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<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3DAA2097E0B5E5B2EC03D3" authority="Savigny" authorityName="Savigny" box="[988,1262,1494,1518]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laminosa">
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<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3DAA2097E0B5E5B29803D3" box="[988,1178,1494,1518]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Phyllodoce laminosa</emphasis>
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Savigny
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3DAA2090CAB5E4B30803D3" box="[1270,1290,1495,1518]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">in</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA20912EB5E5B3A903D3" author="Lamarck" box="[1298,1451,1494,1518]" firstAuthor="Lamarck" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" refId="ref21805" refString="LAMARCK J. B. 1818. - Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres presentant les Caracteres Generaux et Particuliers de ces Animaux, leur Distribution, leurs Classes, leurs Familles, leurs Genres, et la Citation des Principales Especes qui s'y Rapportent. Deterville & Verdiere, Paris, volume 5. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12886879" type="journal volume" year="1818">Lamarck, 1818</bibRefCitation>
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, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="77A53FAF9B3DAA229711B600B3B207CD" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="3F006C249B3DAA209711B600B5930076" blockId="5.[811,1456,1587,2028]" box="[813,913,1587,1613]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">REMARKS</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3F006C249B3DAA209711B661B3A801D6" blockId="5.[811,1456,1587,2028]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3DAA209711B661B5EE0051" authority="Savigny" authorityName="Savigny" box="[813,1004,1618,1644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3DAA209711B661B5940051" box="[813,918,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
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Savigny
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3DAA2097CDB660B2040051" box="[1009,1030,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">in</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA209030B661B2A80051" author="Lamarck" box="[1036,1194,1618,1644]" firstAuthor="Lamarck" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" refId="ref21805" refString="LAMARCK J. B. 1818. - Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres presentant les Caracteres Generaux et Particuliers de ces Animaux, leur Distribution, leurs Classes, leurs Familles, leurs Genres, et la Citation des Principales Especes qui s'y Rapportent. Deterville & Verdiere, Paris, volume 5. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12886879" type="journal volume" year="1818">Lamarck, 1818</bibRefCitation>
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is the largest genus in the family because it includes over 100 valid species (
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<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA209116B641B3A500B1" author="PLEIJEL F." box="[1322,1447,1650,1676]" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="225 - 261" part="20" refId="ref22833" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1991. - Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta). Zoologica Scripta 20: 225 - 261." title="Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta)" type="journal article" year="1991">Pleijel 1991</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA209711B6A1B56D0091" author="PLEIJEL F." box="[813,879,1682,1708]" journalOrPublisher="Marine Invertebrates of Scandinavia" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 158" part="8" refId="ref22857" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1993 a. - Polychaeta Phyllodocidae. Marine Invertebrates of Scandinavia 8: 1 - 158." title="Polychaeta Phyllodocidae" type="journal article" year="1993">1993a</bibRefCitation>
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, b). The authorship for the genus, as for most marine annelid taxa included by
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<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA209015B681B2D200F0" author="Lamarck" box="[1065,1232,1714,1741]" firstAuthor="Lamarck" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" refId="ref21805" refString="LAMARCK J. B. 1818. - Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres presentant les Caracteres Generaux et Particuliers de ces Animaux, leur Distribution, leurs Classes, leurs Familles, leurs Genres, et la Citation des Principales Especes qui s'y Rapportent. Deterville & Verdiere, Paris, volume 5. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12886879" type="journal volume" year="1818">Lamarck (1818)</bibRefCitation>
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, must be attributed to Savigny, because Lamarck indicated he was making an abridged version of the large document Savigny had shared in the Royal Academy of Sciences, of the French Institute (
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<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA2090C6B721B3790111" author="ICZN" box="[1274,1403,1810,1836]" firstAuthor="ICZN" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" refId="ref21270" refString="ICZN (INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLA- TURE). 1999. - International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 p. https: // www. iczn. org / the-code / theinternational-code-of-zoological-nomenclature / the-code-online /" type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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<collectingRegion id="FD7BA2C69B3DAA2091B8B721B3A80111" box="[1412,1450,1810,1836]" country="Djibouti" name="Arta" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Art</collectingRegion>
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. 50.1.1), and available from 1809, although the publication date was fixed as 1822 (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA2097D1B762B2880151" author="Sherborn" box="[1005,1162,1873,1900]" firstAuthor="Sherborn" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="285 - 288" refId="ref23713" refString="SHERBORN C. D. 1897. - On the dates of the Natural History portion of Savigny's ' Description de l'Egypte. ' Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of London 1897: 285 - 288. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 30987098" type="journal article" year="1897">Sherborn 1897</bibRefCitation>
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), apparently based upon the second edition.
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<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3DAA2097F3B742B2AD01B6" author="Lamarck" box="[975,1199,1905,1932]" firstAuthor="Lamarck" page="279" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" refId="ref21805" refString="LAMARCK J. B. 1818. - Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres presentant les Caracteres Generaux et Particuliers de ces Animaux, leur Distribution, leurs Classes, leurs Familles, leurs Genres, et la Citation des Principales Especes qui s'y Rapportent. Deterville & Verdiere, Paris, volume 5. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12886879" type="journal volume" year="1818">Lamarck (1818: 279)</bibRefCitation>
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indicated: “Néanmoins, la nature de notre ouvrage ne nous permet d’en donner qu’un extrait très-resserré” (Nevertheless, the nature of our work allows us to give just a very concentrated excerpt [free translation]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3F006C249B3EAA2394B9B473B38A0255" blockId="6.[133,1457,1087,1128]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
|
||
FIG. 1. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA2394EEB473B766026F" authority="Salazar-Vallejo, 2022" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2022" box="[210,356,1088,1106]" class="Polychaeta" family="Hesionidae" genus="Psamathe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="charpyi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA2394EEB473B766026F" box="[210,356,1088,1106]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Psamathe charpyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="16F80D4D9B3EAA239554B473B79B026F" box="[360,409,1088,1106]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,holotype (MNHN-IA-TYPE2040);
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA239690B473B4BB026F" bold="true" box="[684,697,1088,1106]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
|
||
, anterior region,dorsal view (after Shirlastain-A);
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA239074B473B257026F" bold="true" box="[1096,1109,1088,1106]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
|
||
, same,anterior end,dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA23915AB40CB376026C" bold="true" box="[1382,1396,1087,1105]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
|
||
, same, ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA2394CEB465B7020255" bold="true" box="[242,256,1110,1128]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
|
||
, chaetiger 14, right parapodium, anterior view (insets: neurochaetal blades). Scale bars: A, 0.36 mm; B, 0.25 mm; C, 0.20 mm; D, 0.10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F006C249B3EAA2394A7B487B7840151" blockId="6.[130,777,1204,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA2394A7B487B79902F2" author="Bergstrom" box="[155,411,1204,1231]" firstAuthor="Bergstrom" page="55 - 56" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="37 - 224" refId="ref18862" refString="BERGSTROM E. 1914. - Zur Systematik der Polychaetenfamilie der Phyllodociden. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 3: 37 - 224. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36924250" type="journal article" year="1914">Bergström (1914: 55-56)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
used and standardized 14 characters for revising the delineation and diagnosis for the phyllodocids. He proposed three new families, and among phyllodocids he proposed nine genera, six of which were regarded as valid by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA2394B8B500B7340373" author="Fauchald" box="[132,310,1331,1358]" firstAuthor="Fauchald" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 188" refId="ref20414" refString="FAUCHALD K. 1977. - The polychaete worms: Definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Series 28: 1 - 188. https: // repository. si. edu / handle / 10088 / 3435" type="book chapter" year="1977">Fauchald (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA23957CB507B4370370" author="Bergstrom" box="[320,565,1331,1358]" firstAuthor="Bergstrom" page="118" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="37 - 224" refId="ref18862" refString="BERGSTROM E. 1914. - Zur Systematik der Polychaetenfamilie der Phyllodociden. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 3: 37 - 224. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36924250" type="journal article" year="1914">Bergström (1914: 118)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
keyed out
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA23969BB500B7530350" authority="Czerniavsky, 1882" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1882" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Anaitides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA23969BB500B5050370" box="[679,775,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Anaitides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA2394B8B560B7530350" author="Czerniavsky" box="[132,337,1363,1389]" firstAuthor="Czerniavsky" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="146 - 198" refId="ref19512" refString="CZERNIAVSKY V. 1882. - Materialia ad zoographiam ponticam comparatam. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 57: 146 - 198. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 34267607" type="journal article" year="1882">Czerniavsky, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA239562B560B7C90350" box="[350,459,1363,1389]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA239562B560B7C90350" box="[350,459,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA23963AB560B6BC03B0" authority="Bergstrom, 1914" authorityName="Bergstrom" authorityYear="1914" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Sphaerodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA23963AB560B4870350" box="[518,645,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Sphaerodoce</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA2396B2B567B6BC03B0" author="Bergstrom" firstAuthor="Bergstrom" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="37 - 224" refId="ref18862" refString="BERGSTROM E. 1914. - Zur Systematik der Polychaetenfamilie der Phyllodociden. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 3: 37 - 224. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36924250" type="journal article" year="1914">Bergström, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by using the shape and length of the tentacular cirri (oblong or tapered, long in the former two, against globular, short in the latter), and the arrangement of pharynx papillae on the basal region (forming rows in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA23962CB5E0B47203D0" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1882" box="[528,624,1491,1517]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Anaitides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA23962CB5E0B47203D0" box="[528,624,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Anaitides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA239641B5E7B4BB03D0" box="[637,697,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">versus</emphasis>
|
||
diffuse in the two others).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA23956BB5C0B41B0030" author="Bergstrom" box="[343,537,1523,1549]" firstAuthor="Bergstrom" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="37 - 224" refId="ref18862" refString="BERGSTROM E. 1914. - Zur Systematik der Polychaetenfamilie der Phyllodociden. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 3: 37 - 224. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36924250" type="journal article" year="1914">Bergström (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also indicated he was partially following the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA2395B9B621B4440011" box="[389,582,1554,1580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA2395B9B621B7F10011" box="[389,499,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
groups proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA239494B600B7D40070" author="Augener" box="[168,470,1586,1613]" firstAuthor="Augener" page="213 - 215" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="202 - 220" refId="ref18456" refString="AUGENER H. 1913 b. - Polychaeten von Franz-Joseph Land, 1. Zoologischer Anzeiger 41: 202 - 220. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 30126862" type="journal article" year="1913" yearSuffix="b">Augener (1913b: 213-215)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, based on pharynx papillae pattern and dorsal cirri shape. To these features, Bergström added the shape of the ventral cirri for his key to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA23969AB641B6CE0091" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA23969AB641B50400B1" box="[678,774,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Anaitides</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA2394E6B6A0B7F00091" author="Bergstrom" box="[218,498,1682,1709]" firstAuthor="Bergstrom" page="139 - 140" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="37 - 224" refId="ref18862" refString="BERGSTROM E. 1914. - Zur Systematik der Polychaetenfamilie der Phyllodociden. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 3: 37 - 224. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36924250" type="journal article" year="1914">Bergström 1914: 139-140</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA23963FB6A1B4D60090" author="Chamberlin" box="[515,724,1682,1709]" firstAuthor="Chamberlin" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 514" refId="ref19307" refString="CHAMBERLIN R. V. 1919. - The Annelida Polychaeta. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 48: 1 - 514. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 4369136" type="journal article" year="1919">Chamberlin (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and later Hartman followed Bergström and regarded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA23969FB681B50700F1" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1882" box="[675,773,1714,1740]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Anaitides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA23969FB681B50700F1" box="[675,773,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Anaitides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA239489B6E1B72300D1" box="[181,289,1746,1772]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA239489B6E1B72300D1" box="[181,289,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as separate genera throughout their publications;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA2394F9B6C1B7710131" author="Fauchald" box="[197,371,1778,1804]" firstAuthor="Fauchald" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 188" refId="ref20414" refString="FAUCHALD K. 1977. - The polychaete worms: Definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Series 28: 1 - 188. https: // repository. si. edu / handle / 10088 / 3435" type="book chapter" year="1977">Fauchald (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included them as independent genera. Hartmann-Schröder initially regarded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA239618B721B4860111" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1882" box="[548,644,1810,1836]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Anaitides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA239618B721B4860111" box="[548,644,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Anaitides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA239680B721B6B20176" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA239680B721B6B20176" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as distinct genera, and later changed her mind and used subgenera in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA239528B762B7820156" box="[276,384,1873,1899]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA239528B762B7820156" box="[276,384,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F006C249B3EAA2394A7B741B2AE00D1" blockId="6.[130,777,1204,2028]" lastBlockId="6.[811,1458,1204,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Most authors, however, have preferred to regard them as subgenera. The first to provide explanations for this was
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA2394B8B782B78901F1" author="Fauvel" box="[132,395,1969,1996]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" page="357 - 359" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="315 - 473" refId="ref20465" refString="FAUVEL P. 1919. - Annelides polychetes de Madagascar, de Djibouti et du Golfe Persique. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et generale 58: 315 - 473, pls 15 - 17. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 6316667" type="journal article" year="1919">Fauvel (1919: 357-359)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Because of the problems with following Bergström formula for indicating the appendages of the first segments, especially for detecting the presence of chaetae, Fauvel rejected its use, although he emphasized (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA23970AB4C0B5F30333" author="Fauvel" box="[822,1009,1267,1294]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" page="357" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="315 - 473" refId="ref20465" refString="FAUVEL P. 1919. - Annelides polychetes de Madagascar, de Djibouti et du Golfe Persique. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et generale 58: 315 - 473, pls 15 - 17. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 6316667" type="journal article" year="1919">Fauvel 1919: 357</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) Bergström “gave a correct importance to pharynx features”. Fauvel also indicated that “a more serious inconvenience of his classification was the multiplication of genera in a certainly abusive way” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA2390ABB560B3520353" author="Fauvel" box="[1175,1360,1363,1390]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" page="358" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="315 - 473" refId="ref20465" refString="FAUVEL P. 1919. - Annelides polychetes de Madagascar, de Djibouti et du Golfe Persique. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et generale 58: 315 - 473, pls 15 - 17. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 6316667" type="journal article" year="1919">Fauvel 1919: 358</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). He also added that “after more than 20 years, I reject this atomization of genera, completely useless in polychaetes where species are relatively few in each family” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA23904AB580B33A03F3" author="Fauvel" box="[1142,1336,1459,1486]" firstAuthor="Fauvel" page="359" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="315 - 473" refId="ref20465" refString="FAUVEL P. 1919. - Annelides polychetes de Madagascar, de Djibouti et du Golfe Persique. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et generale 58: 315 - 473, pls 15 - 17. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 6316667" type="journal article" year="1919">Fauvel 1919: 359</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and concluded: “However, in a genus including hundreds of species, the fractioning is more justified than in a genus having a small number of species, as is generally the case in polychaetes.” This was Fauvel, and he was both very productive and very influential on other colleagues working on polychaetes. Regretfully, the morphological features of the anterior end and pharynx papillation patterns were not evaluated, despite the fact that in several other errant families, these attributes are useful for separating similar genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F006C249B3EAA22977FB6C1B77C07AC" blockId="6.[811,1458,1204,2028]" lastBlockId="7.[130,777,215,1517]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA23977FB6C1B5DA0131" author="PLEIJEL F." box="[835,984,1778,1804]" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="225 - 261" part="20" refId="ref22833" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1991. - Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta). Zoologica Scripta 20: 225 - 261." title="Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta)" type="journal article" year="1991">Pleijel (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
made the first phylogenetic analysis of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA239712B721B5CB0111" authorityName="Orsted" authorityYear="1843" box="[814,969,1810,1836]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Phyllodocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He studied 21 taxa and assessed 26 characters, but the shape of antennae and tentacular cirri was not included, and his character 9 combined basal and distal regions of the pharynx, but the basal region was not clarified regarding papillae patterns, as opposed to the distal region. Among his conclusions,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3EAA239788B782B27501F6" author="PLEIJEL F." box="[948,1143,1969,1996]" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="225 - 261" part="20" refId="ref22833" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1991. - Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta). Zoologica Scripta 20: 225 - 261." title="Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta)" type="journal article" year="1991">Pleijel (1991: 238)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed seven genera or subgenera as junior synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA239070B7E2B2BA01D6" box="[1100,1208,2001,2027]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA239070B7E2B2BA01D6" box="[1100,1208,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3EAA2390FBB7E2B32501D6" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1882" box="[1223,1319,2001,2027]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Anaitides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA2390FBB7E2B32501D6" box="[1223,1319,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Anaitides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3EAA23910BB7E2B3AD01D6" box="[1335,1455,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Aponaitides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2294B8B0E4B7F206CC" author="McCammon & Montagne" box="[132,496,215,242]" firstAuthor="McCammon" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="353 - 368" refId="ref22106" refString="MCCAMMON J. A. & MONTAGNE D. E. 1979. - Some species of the genus Phyllodoce (Polychaeta) from Southern California. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 66: 353 - 368. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1979. tb 01913. x" type="journal article" year="1979">McCammon & Montagne, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2295C1B0E4B47A06CC" box="[509,632,215,241]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Paracarobia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2296BCB0E4B6C1072C" author="Czerniavsky" firstAuthor="Czerniavsky" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="146 - 198" refId="ref19512" refString="CZERNIAVSKY V. 1882. - Materialia ad zoographiam ponticam comparatam. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 57: 146 - 198. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 34267607" type="journal article" year="1882">Czerniavsky, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2294ECB0C4B75B072C" box="[208,345,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Protocarobia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA22955FB0C4B434072C" author="Czerniavsky" box="[355,566,247,273]" firstAuthor="Czerniavsky" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="146 - 198" refId="ref19512" refString="CZERNIAVSKY V. 1882. - Materialia ad zoographiam ponticam comparatam. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 57: 146 - 198. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 34267607" type="journal article" year="1882">Czerniavsky, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA229679B0C4B709070C" authority="Blake, 1988" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1988" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllouschakovius" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA229679B0C4B505072C" box="[581,775,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Phyllouschakovius</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2294B8B124B709070C" author="Blake" box="[132,267,279,305]" firstAuthor="Blake" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="245 - 257" refId="ref18897" refString="BLAKE J. A. 1988 - New species and records of Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta) from Georges Bank and other areas of the western North Atlantic. Sarsia 73: 245 - 257. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 0 0364827.1988. 10413410" type="journal article" year="1988">Blake, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA229524B124B794070C" authorityName="Bergstrom" authorityYear="1914" box="[280,406,279,305]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Sphaerodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA229524B124B794070C" box="[280,406,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Sphaerodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2295E4B124B445070C" box="[472,583,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Zverlinum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA22966CB124B501070C" author="Averincev" box="[592,771,279,305]" firstAuthor="Averincev" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="88 - 293" refId="ref18589" refString="AVERINCEV V. G. 1972. - [Benthic polychaetes Errantia from the Antarctic and Subantarctic collected by the Soviet Antarctic Expeditions]. Explorations of the Fauna of the Seas 11 (19), Biological Results of the Soviet Antarctic Expeditions 5, 88 - 293." type="journal article" year="1972">Averincev, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This synonymy reflects that some diagnostic features were disregarded, such that these taxa were regarded as similar under that perspective.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F006C249B3FAA2294A7B1A5B5050592" blockId="7.[130,777,215,1517]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2294A7B1A5B721078C" author="PLEIJEL F." box="[155,291,406,433]" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="225 - 261" part="20" refId="ref22833" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1991. - Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta). Zoologica Scripta 20: 225 - 261." title="Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta)" type="journal article" year="1991">Pleijel (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA229513B1A4B777078C" author="PLEIJEL F." box="[303,373,407,433]" journalOrPublisher="Marine Invertebrates of Scandinavia" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 158" part="8" refId="ref22857" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1993 a. - Polychaeta Phyllodocidae. Marine Invertebrates of Scandinavia 8: 1 - 158." title="Polychaeta Phyllodocidae" type="journal article" year="1993">1993a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, b) hesitated about including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA229693B1A5B77407ED" authority="Hartman, 1966" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1966" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Prophyllodoce" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA229693B1A5B6C007ED" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Prophyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2294F7B184B77407ED" author="Hartman" box="[203,374,438,465]" firstAuthor="Hartman" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="163 - 252" refId="ref21059" refString="HARTMAN O. 1966. - Polychaetous annelids of the Hawaiian Islands. Occasional Papers of Bernice P. Bishop Museum 23: 163 - 252." type="journal article" year="1966">Hartman, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because he could not study the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E004D2869B3FAA2296E5B184B50507EC" box="[729,775,439,465]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material. This latter genus resembled
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA229614B1E5B49407CD" box="[552,662,470,496]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA229614B1E5B49407CD" box="[552,662,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
especially regarding the papillae pattern on the basal pharynx area, but the presence of two small dorsal tubercles on segment 1 was regarded as an additional pair of tentacular cirri, and used to separate it from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA229562B265B7CE044D" box="[350,460,598,624]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA229562B265B7CE044D" box="[350,460,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as indicated in the original proposal (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2294C8B245B7D104AD" author="Hartman" box="[244,467,630,656]" firstAuthor="Hartman" page="182" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="163 - 252" refId="ref21059" refString="HARTMAN O. 1966. - Polychaetous annelids of the Hawaiian Islands. Occasional Papers of Bernice P. Bishop Museum 23: 163 - 252." type="journal article" year="1966">Hartman 1966: 182</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, key, 187, diagnosis).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2296FBB245B6C7048D" author="PLEIJEL F." journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="225 - 261" part="20" refId="ref22833" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1991. - Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta). Zoologica Scripta 20: 225 - 261." title="Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta)" type="journal article" year="1991">Pleijel (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2294E9B2A5B719048D" author="PLEIJEL F." box="[213,283,662,688]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="287 - 299" part="108" refId="ref22877" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1993 b. - Phylogeny of Phyllodoce (Polychaeta, Phyllodocidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 108: 287 - 299." title="Phylogeny of Phyllodoce (Polychaeta, Phyllodocidae)" type="journal article" year="1993">1993b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) was correct. In a newly described species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA2294B8B286B6E604F2" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1882" box="[132,228,693,719]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Anaitides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2294B8B286B6E604F2" box="[132,228,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Anaitides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below), there are two dorsal tubercles on segment 1, but it matches the generic delineation for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA2296A3B2E6B4FD04D2" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1882" box="[671,767,725,751]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Anaitides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2296A3B2E6B4FD04D2" box="[671,767,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Anaitides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These so-called tubercles, or additional tentacular cirri, were regarded as nuchal organs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2295ABB326B4540512" author="Gravier" box="[407,598,789,816]" firstAuthor="Gravier" page="341" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="293 - 389" refId="ref20650" refString="GRAVIER C. 1896. - Recherches sur les Phyllodociens. Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique, 4 me serie 29: 293 - 389, pls 16 - 23. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 10726803" type="journal article" year="1896">Gravier 1896: 341</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA229663B326B6B30572" author="Uschakov" firstAuthor="Uschakov" page="123" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" refId="ref24291" refString="USCHAKOV P. V. 1972. - Fauna of the U. S. S. R., Polychaetes 1. Polychaetes of the Suborder Phyllodociformia of the Polar Basin and the Northwestern part of the Pacific. Academy of Sciencies of the USSR, Saint-Petersburg, 259 p. [1974 Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem]." type="book" year="1972">Uschakov 1972: 123</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and they are present in some species such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA2296A7B306B6E10552" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laminosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2296A7B306B6E10552" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Phyllodoce laminosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2294CAB366B7B80552" author="PLEIJEL F." box="[246,442,853,880]" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="225 - 261" part="20" refId="ref22833" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1991. - Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta). Zoologica Scripta 20: 225 - 261." title="Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta)" type="journal article" year="1991">Pleijel 1991: 239</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 1 A, B), the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E004D2869B3FAA2296B8B365B4B1054D" box="[644,691,854,880]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA22949FB346B70D05B2" box="[163,271,885,911]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA22949FB346B70D05B2" box="[163,271,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Consequently, the presence of nuchal organs cannot be enough to separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA2295F9B3A6B4500592" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1966" box="[453,594,917,943]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Prophyllodoce" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2295F9B3A6B4500592" box="[453,594,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Prophyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA2296A8B3A6B5020592" box="[660,768,917,943]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2296A8B3A6B5020592" box="[660,768,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F006C249B3FAA2294A7B386B45002F3" blockId="7.[130,777,215,1517]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The other genera are very homogeneous regarding the development of prostomial appendages and tentacular cirri, but they were originally proposed as different genera by using differences in the tentacular cirri pattern, and pharyngeal features, especially the spatial arrangement of papillae, and sometimes additional parapodial characters. For example,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2296B8B467B70702B3" author="Chamberlin" firstAuthor="Chamberlin" page="100" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 514" refId="ref19307" refString="CHAMBERLIN R. V. 1919. - The Annelida Polychaeta. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 48: 1 - 514. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 4369136" type="journal article" year="1919">Chamberlin (1919: 100)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
keyed out
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA229547B447B7D902B3" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1882" box="[379,475,1140,1166]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Anaitides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA229547B447B7D902B3" box="[379,475,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Anaitides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA2295D5B447B45702B3" box="[489,597,1140,1166]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2295D5B447B45702B3" box="[489,597,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA2296B5B447B50402B3" authorityName="Bergstrom" authorityYear="1914" box="[649,774,1140,1166]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Sphaerodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2296B5B447B50402B3" box="[649,774,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Sphaerodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by using the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E004D2869B3FAA22952CB4A7B73C0293" box="[272,318,1172,1198]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of tentacular cirri, and for the two former ones, the arrangement of pharynx papillae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F006C249B3FAA2294A7B4E7B20C072C" blockId="7.[130,777,215,1517]" lastBlockId="7.[811,1456,215,497]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2294A7B4E7B76402D3" author="PLEIJEL F." box="[155,358,1236,1262]" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="225 - 261" part="20" refId="ref22833" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1991. - Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta). Zoologica Scripta 20: 225 - 261." title="Phylogeny and classification of the Phyllodocidae (Polychaeta)" type="journal article" year="1991">Pleijel (1991: 238)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also indicated that “splitting this large genus is desirable but should be based on defining properties for all subgroups and will have to await further studies”.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2296FAB520B70B0370" author="Pleijel" firstAuthor="Pleijel" page="296" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="287 - 299" refId="ref22877" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1993 b. - Phylogeny of Phyllodoce (Polychaeta, Phyllodocidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 108: 287 - 299." type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="b">Pleijel (1993b: 296</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 298-299) returned to the problem and proposed recognizing three subgenera:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA22958DB560B4120350" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1882" box="[433,528,1363,1389]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Anaitides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA22958DB560B4120350" box="[433,528,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Anaitides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(incl.
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA22966FB560B4CB0350" box="[595,713,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Aponaitides</emphasis>
|
||
) with about 19 species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA229509B540B79F03B0" box="[309,413,1395,1421]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA229509B540B79F03B0" box="[309,413,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Phyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(incl.
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2295E1B540B45603B0" box="[477,596,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Paracarobia</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA2296B9B540B4FC03B0" authorityName="Bergstrom" authorityYear="1914" box="[645,766,1395,1421]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Sphaerodoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2296B9B540B4FC03B0" box="[645,766,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Sphaerodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, perhaps
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA2294E2B5A0B7690390" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1966" box="[222,363,1427,1453]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Prophyllodoce" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2294E2B5A0B7690390" box="[222,363,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Prophyllodoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) with about 21 species, and
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2296A4B5A0B5040390" box="[664,774,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Zverlinum</emphasis>
|
||
(incl.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8BF17A79B3FAA2294F4B580B78B03F0" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1988" box="[200,393,1459,1485]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Phyllouschakovius" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DCBB0369B3FAA2294F4B580B78B03F0" box="[200,393,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Phyllouschakovius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) with three species. Most species could not be included in the above genera because “available specimens of many species are few and in poor condition” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA22970BB0C4B200072C" author="Pleijel" box="[823,1026,247,274]" firstAuthor="Pleijel" page="297" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="287 - 299" refId="ref22877" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1993 b. - Phylogeny of Phyllodoce (Polychaeta, Phyllodocidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 108: 287 - 299." type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="b">Pleijel 1993b: 297</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F006C249B3FAA22977FB124B3B207CD" blockId="7.[811,1456,215,497]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The standardized diagnoses for these subgenera are modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA22975AB104B230076C" author="Pleijel" box="[870,1074,311,337]" firstAuthor="Pleijel" page="296" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="287 - 299" refId="ref22877" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1993 b. - Phylogeny of Phyllodoce (Polychaeta, Phyllodocidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 108: 287 - 299." type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="b">Pleijel (1993b: 296</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 298-299). They are herein regarded as distinct genera because they present a unique combination of morphological features, which was confirmed in the later phylogeny (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA229792B1A5B23F078D" author="Pleijel" box="[942,1085,406,432]" firstAuthor="Pleijel" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="287 - 299" refId="ref22877" refString="PLEIJEL F. 1993 b. - Phylogeny of Phyllodoce (Polychaeta, Phyllodocidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 108: 287 - 299." type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="b">Pleijel 1993b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Diagnoses and incorporation of their
|
||
<typeStatus id="E004D2869B3FAA22975BB184B59707EC" box="[871,917,439,465]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B2E11D59B3FAA2297C8B184B27E07EC" author="ICZN" box="[1012,1148,439,465]" firstAuthor="ICZN" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" refId="ref21270" refString="ICZN (INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLA- TURE). 1999. - International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 p. https: // www. iczn. org / the-code / theinternational-code-of-zoological-nomenclature / the-code-online /" type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FD7BA2C69B3FAA2290B4B184B2AD07EC" box="[1160,1199,439,465]" country="Djibouti" name="Arta" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Art</collectingRegion>
|
||
. 13.2.3) are as specified below. These taxa can be separated with the key given below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |