175 lines
18 KiB
XML
175 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="814EBD52A74041F4A51794D90EE2FE8F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8770e7d9-65f4-4cee-a935-a5f365a95f32" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="258895" ID-ZooBank="00F1BDB5-AB25-47A0-B789-2E05D2E683DE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460009663303" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Beaver, Roger A., Ghahari, Hassan & Sanguansub, Sunisa" docDate="2016" docId="6B5C9A7C4744FFC2C797E78BFB00FDEE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4098.3.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4098 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Scolytus scolytus Fabricius 1775" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="422" masterDocId="9765E2044751FFD7C700E71CFFD5FFD3" masterDocTitle="An annotated checklist of Platypodinae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran" masterLastPageNumber="441" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="422" updateTime="1698233404894" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E9D0D6CFD45639C353801AB377D9EF43">
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<mods:title id="6CBB19943AE295ADEB795AC38814CE5D">An annotated checklist of Platypodinae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E418751724276FFCB613FB0297AF4886" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F6531A5C0D4EE572CA33D0EAA6E04D26">Beaver, Roger A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1354F9550AA69FA1008AAEE3B37E40E9">Ghahari, Hassan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="37BB49408C6DF8D08EA5605F9AE4EACE">Sanguansub, Sunisa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="69213EAFA4D5052121EB5D7BA5FBCD98">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="98DF9AE81FA34B770BE325CED9C3CC4C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="314B457C4D7CB371A62B06F71668496A">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="13AC85DFE08E43AA6288E62D7C2DDD4E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2A859D345874F34E1B8DE38FA0D696AD">4098</mods:number>
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<treatment id="6B5C9A7C4744FFC2C797E78BFB00FDEE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669502" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119381238" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5669502" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6B5C9A7C4744FFC2C797E78BFB00FDEE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6B5C9A7C4744FFC2C797E78BFB00FDEE" lastPageNumber="422" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E14744FFC2C797E78BFDFEFF63" box="[151,555,151,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4744FFC2C797E78BFDFEFF63" blockId="21.[151,555,151,176]" box="[151,555,151,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<heading id="B8029C064744FFC2C797E78BFDFEFF63" bold="true" box="[151,555,151,176]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C797E78BFDFEFF63" ID-CoL="4VTNW" authority="Fabricius, 1775" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[151,555,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Scolytus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scolytus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C797E78BFDFEFF63" bold="true" box="[151,555,151,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C797E78BFE8FFF63" bold="true" box="[151,346,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Scolytus scolytus</emphasis>
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(Fabricius, 1775)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E14744FFC2C797E7C3FAFAFE93" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4744FFC2C797E7C3FE34FECF" blockId="21.[151,1436,223,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C797E7C3FE5CFF2B" bold="true" box="[151,393,223,248]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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Distribution in
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C64DE7C3FE51FF2B" box="[333,388,223,248]" name="Iran" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Iran</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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East Azarbaijan, Caspian Sea area, central provinces, Tehran (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C341E7C3FAE5FF2B" author="Modarres" box="[1089,1328,223,248]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Modarres Awal, M. (1997) Platypodidae, Scolytidae. In: Modarres Awal, M. (Ed.), List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad, pp. 185, 192 - 194." type="book chapter" year="1997">Modarres Awal 1997</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C243E7FCFAA5FF24" box="[1347,1392,224,247]" name="Iran" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Iran</collectingCountry>
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(no locality cited) (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C640E618FE03FECF" author="Knizek" box="[320,470,260,285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Knizek, M. (2011) Platypodinae and Scolytinae. In: Lobl, I. & Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 7. Curculionoidea I. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 201 - 251." type="book" year="2011">Knížek 2011</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4744FFC2C7C7E63BFAFAFE93" blockId="21.[151,1436,223,573]" box="[199,1327,295,320]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C7C7E63BFE16FE93" bold="true" box="[199,451,295,320]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">General distribution.</emphasis>
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Europe except the far North, East to
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C464E63BFC67FE93" box="[868,946,295,320]" name="Russia" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Russia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C4BDE63BFBDBFE93" box="[957,1038,295,320]" name="Turkey" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C319E63BFB4AFE93" box="[1049,1183,295,320]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C3AAE63BFAF9FE93" box="[1194,1324,295,320]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E14744FFC2C7C7E650FB00FDEE" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4744FFC2C7C7E650FB00FDEE" blockId="21.[151,1436,223,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C7C7E650FEF2FEB6" bold="true" box="[199,295,332,357]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Biology.</emphasis>
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The species breeds primarily in
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C59DE650FCA1FEB6" box="[669,884,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C59DE650FD33FEB6" box="[669,742,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Ulmus</emphasis>
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(Ulmaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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, but has been recorded in species of
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C21AE650FA4DFEB6" box="[1306,1432,332,357]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C797E66CFED7FE5B" box="[151,258,368,392]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C616E673FE7BFE5B" box="[278,430,367,392]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Juglandaceae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C6C3E673FDFFFE5B" box="[451,554,367,392]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Oleaceae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C573E66CFC69FE5B" authority="Michalski 1973" authorityName="Michalski" authorityYear="1973" box="[627,956,367,392]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
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Rosaceae (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C5F5E673FC61FE5B" author="Michalski" box="[757,948,367,392]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Michalski, J. (1973) Revision of the palearctic species of the genus Scolytus Geoffroy (Coleoptera, Scolytidae). Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa, 214 pp., 49 pls." type="book" year="1973">Michalski 1973</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. Recorded in
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C372E66CFB4AFE54" box="[1138,1183,368,391]" name="Iran" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Iran</collectingCountry>
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from
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C3F7E66CFAB9FE54" box="[1271,1388,368,391]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Crataegus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C3F7E66CFAB9FE54" box="[1271,1388,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Crataegus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C79EE688FEDBFE7F" box="[158,270,404,428]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C622E688FD08FE7E" box="[290,733,404,429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Elaeagnaceae" genus="Elaeagnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolia">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C622E688FDF2FE7E" box="[290,551,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Elaeagnus angustifolia</emphasis>
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(Elaeagnaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C5E9E689FB95FE7E" box="[745,1088,404,429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="excelsior">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C5E9E689FC6EFE7E" box="[745,955,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Fraxinus excelsior</emphasis>
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(Oleaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C34CE688FA4DFE7E" box="[1100,1432,404,429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="regia">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C34CE688FB30FE7F" box="[1100,1253,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Juglans regia</emphasis>
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(Juglandaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C797E6ABFF26FE03" box="[151,243,439,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C797E6ABFF26FE03" box="[151,243,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Populus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C62CE6ABFEB1FE03" box="[300,356,439,464]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C62CE6ABFEB1FE03" box="[300,356,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Salix</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C69EE6ABFDCFFE03" box="[414,538,439,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C530E6ABFC88FE03" box="[560,861,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C530E6ABFD05FE03" box="[560,720,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Ulmus pumila</emphasis>
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(Ulmaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C46DE6ABFBB6FE03" author="Modarres" box="[877,1123,439,464]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Modarres Awal, M. (1997) Platypodidae, Scolytidae. In: Modarres Awal, M. (Ed.), List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad, pp. 185, 192 - 194." type="book chapter" year="1997">Modarres Awal 1997</bibRefCitation>
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). The biology, ecology and population dynamics have been studied by
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C58EE6C1FCFEFE26" author="Beaver" box="[654,811,476,501]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Beaver, R. A. (1966) The development and expression of population tables for the bark beetle Scolytus scolytus (F.). Journal of Animal Ecology, 35, 27 - 41. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 2687" type="journal article" year="1966">Beaver (1966</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C43AE6C0FC54FE26" author="Beaver" box="[826,897,476,501]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Beaver, R. A. (1967 a) Notes on the biology of the bark beetles attacking elm in Wytham Wood, Berks. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 102, 156 - 162." type="journal article" year="1967" yearSuffix="a">1967a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C48FE6C0FC4AFE26" author="Beaver" box="[911,927,476,501]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Beaver, R. A. (1967 b) The regulation of population density in the bark beetle Scolytus scolytus (F.). Journal of Animal Ecology, 36, 435 - 451. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 2924" type="journal article" year="1967" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
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), Schröder (1984),
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C382E6C0FF36FDCB" author="Anderbrant" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Anderbrant, O. & Schlyter, F. (1987) Ecology of the Dutch elm disease vectors Scolytus laevis and S. scolytus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in southern Sweden. Journal of Applied Ecology, 24, 539 - 550. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 2403891" type="journal article" year="1987">Anderbrant and Schlyter (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
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|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C7F2E6E3FDF0FDCB" author="Santini" box="[242,549,511,536]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Santini, A. & Faccoli, M. (2015) Dutch elm disease and elm bark beetles: a century of association. iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, 8, 126 - 134. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3832 / ifor 1231 - 008" type="journal article" year="2015">Santini and Faccoli (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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, and others. It is the most important vector of Dutch elm disease in much of Europe (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C7F6E538FDD0FDEF" author="Webber" box="[246,517,548,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Webber, J. F. & Brasier, C. M. (1984) The transmission of Dutch elm disease: a story of the processes involved. In: Anderson, J. M., Rayner, A. D. M. & Walton, D. W. H. (Eds.), Invertebrate-microbial Interactions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 271 - 306." type="book chapter" year="1984">Webber & Brasier 1984</bibRefCitation>
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;
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C41CE538FC61FDEF" author="Webber" box="[796,948,548,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Webber, J. F. (1990) Relative effectiveness of Scolytus scolytus, S. multistriatus and S. kirschii as vectors of Dutch elm disease. European Journal of Forest Pathology, 20, 184 - 192. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0329.1990. tb 01129. x" type="journal article" year="1990">Webber 1990</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C4C0E538FB1CFDEE" author="Santini" box="[960,1225,548,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Santini, A. & Faccoli, M. (2015) Dutch elm disease and elm bark beetles: a century of association. iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, 8, 126 - 134. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3832 / ifor 1231 - 008" type="journal article" year="2015">Santini & Faccoli 2015</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |