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<document id="11DCFEB685697026C7CC0E850AEC397C" ID-CLB-Dataset="7221" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.27" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7336298c-86ce-40e7-bab5-e75b0eddfdaa" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4692176" ID-ZooBank="303D300E-C17B-407C-A63B-53F906C5D825" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618467532228" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Barros, Lurdiana D., Paim, Marcelo R., Krein, Verônica, Carabajal, Victor, Brandão, Marcela N., Bernardes, Paula De O. &amp; Lindner, Mariana F." docDate="2021" docId="F55187E5FFB0FF86FF369B2823C67845" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4958.1.27.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4958 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Diceraeus melacanthus Dallas 1851" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="451" masterDocId="0968FF9DFFA4FF93FFA19A1527727958" masterDocTitle="Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="478" masterPageNumber="430" pageNumber="450" updateTime="1698907894210" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="07F8E574F825A8483C6497E248B5DAD2">Illustrated guide to Pentatominae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) species associated with the four main grain crops in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="B3113081ED9BABDF03062C5220CF073F">Laboratory of Systematic Entomology, Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, CEP 91509 - 900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. &amp; marceloreginatop @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2387 - 933 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="9B73684EF112D32E105FE2B065F02D17">Laboratory of Systematic Entomology, Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, CEP 91509 - 900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. &amp; vero. krein @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8106 - 2411</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="45ACA1D180318CA4F5ACFE189E4EF9D6">Laboratory of Systematic Entomology, Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, CEP 91509 - 900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. &amp; marcela. n. brandao @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2918 - 788 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="FA3AB513F08505C5C05A1E36CCFA5B44">Laboratory of Systematic Entomology, Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, CEP 91509 - 900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. &amp; paulabernardes 1616 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8841 - 335 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="CA70B239768A028C6DB9631CECDBD5E2">Laboratory of Systematic Entomology, Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, CEP 91509 - 900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. &amp; mflindner @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4879 - 8221</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="9CD5BD8B38971A7A88B3C2BE8FD3DA2D">2021</mods:date>
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<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FF369B2826C67800" bold="true" box="[151,436,317,344]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Diceraeus melacanthus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FE1A9B282521780F" author="Dallas, W. S." box="[443,595,317,343]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" refId="ref25208" refString="Dallas, W. S. (1851) List of the specimens of Hemipterous Insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 592 pp." type="book" year="1851">Dallas, 1851</bibRefCitation>
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(
<figureCitation id="E5C32A76FFB0FF87FF3E9B74266D7824" box="[159,287,353,380]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–55" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,1065,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-284@20.[152,1436,1050,1958]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 53–55. Diceraeus melacanthus. 53: Dorsal view, scale bar = 1.0 mm. 54: Ventral view. 55: Distribution within Rio Grande do Sul." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4692235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4692235/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Figs 53–55</figureCitation>
)
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="5DE811DDFFB0FF87FF369BB4253578E1" box="[151,583,416,441]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">
<treatmentCitation id="FC5910E2FFB0FF87FF369BB4253078E1" author="Dallas, W. S." box="[151,578,416,441]" page="208" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" year="1851">
<taxonomicName id="BAF84D70FFB0FF87FF369BB4253078E1" authority="Dallas, 1851: 208" authorityName="Dallas" authorityPageNumber="208" authorityYear="1851" box="[151,578,416,441]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Diceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melacanthus">
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FF369BB426F478E0" box="[151,390,416,440]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Diceraeus melacanthus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FE2D9BB5253078E1" author="Dallas, W. S." box="[396,578,416,441]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" refId="ref25208" refString="Dallas, W. S. (1851) List of the specimens of Hemipterous Insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 592 pp." type="book" year="1851">Dallas, 1851: 208</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="5DE811DDFFB0FF87FF369BAA2517788F" box="[151,613,447,471]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">
<treatmentCitation id="FC5910E2FFB0FF87FF369BAA2513788F" author="Pennington, M. S." box="[151,609,447,471]" page="8" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" year="1920">
<taxonomicName id="BAF84D70FFB0FF87FF369BAA2513788F" authority=": Pennington, 1920: 8" authorityName="Pennington" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,609,447,471]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Dichelops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melacanthus">
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FF369BAA26F6788F" box="[151,388,447,471]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Dichelops melacanthus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FE339BAA2513788F" author="Pennington, M. S." box="[402,609,447,471]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" refId="ref29464" refString="Pennington, M. S. (1920) Lista de los Hemipteros Heteropteros de la Republica Argentina. Buenos Aires, Quilmes, 47 pp." type="book" year="1920">Pennington, 1920: 8</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D4736F3FFB0FF87FF369BCB259178AE" blockId="20.[151,1071,416,563]" box="[151,739,478,502]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5DE811DDFFB0FF87FF369BCB259178AE" box="[151,739,478,502]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">
<treatmentCitation id="FC5910E2FFB0FF87FF369BCB25AD78AE" author="Grazia, J." box="[151,735,478,502]" page="76" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" year="1978">
<taxonomicName id="BAF84D70FFB0FF87FF369BCB25AD78AE" authority=": Grazia, 1978: 76" authorityName="Grazia" authorityPageNumber="76" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,735,478,502]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Dichelops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melacanthus" subGenus="Neodichelops">
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FF369BCB278C78AE" box="[151,254,478,502]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Dichelops</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FEAC9BCB26E578AE" box="[269,407,478,502]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Neodichelops</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FE049BCB255778AE" box="[421,549,478,502]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">melacanthus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FD929BCB25AD78AE" author="Grazia, J." box="[563,735,478,502]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" pagination="3 - 119" refId="ref26748" refString="Grazia, J. (1978) Revisao do genero Dichelops Spinola, 1837 (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 53, 3 - 119." type="journal article" year="1978">Grazia, 1978: 76</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="7D4736F3FFB0FF87FF369BE9235D7B4D" blockId="20.[151,1071,416,563]" box="[151,1071,508,533]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5DE811DDFFB0FF87FF369BE9235D7B4D" box="[151,1071,508,533]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">
<treatmentCitation id="FC5910E2FFB0FF87FF369BE9242F7B4D" author="Grazia, J. &amp; Schwertner, C. F." box="[151,861,508,533]" page="234" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" year="2008">
<taxonomicName id="BAF84D70FFB0FF87FF369BE9242F7B4D" authority=": Grazia &amp; Schwertner, 2008: 234" authorityName="Grazia &amp; Schwertner" authorityPageNumber="234" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,861,508,533]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Dichelops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melacanthus" subGenus="Diceraeus">
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FF369BE9278C7B4C" box="[151,254,508,532]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Dichelops</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FEAC9BE826077B4C" box="[269,373,509,532]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Diceraeus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FE259BE925767B4C" box="[388,516,508,532]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">melacanthus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FDB09BE9242F7B4D" author="Grazia, J. &amp; Schwertner, C. F." box="[529,861,508,533]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" refId="ref26894" refString="Grazia, J. &amp; Schwertner, C. F. (2008) Pentatomidae. In: Roig-Junent, S., Claps, L. &amp; Debandi, G. (Eds.), Biodiversidad de Artropodos Argentinos. Vol. 2. Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, Mendoza, pp. 223 - 234." type="book" year="2008">Grazia &amp; Schwertner, 2008: 234</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FCC69BE923597B4D" author="Bianchi, F. M. &amp; Marsaro Jr., A. L. &amp; Grazia, J. &amp; Pereira, P. R. V. S. &amp; Panizzi, A. R." box="[871,1067,508,533]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" pagination="219 - 224" refId="ref24182" refString="Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. &amp; Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3" type="journal article" year="2019">
Bianchi
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FC1D9BE8249B7B4C" box="[956,1001,508,532]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D4736F3FFB0FF87FF36980924C27B6B" blockId="20.[151,1071,416,563]" box="[151,944,539,563]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5DE811DDFFB0FF87FF36980924C27B6B" box="[151,944,539,563]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">
<treatmentCitation id="FC5910E2FFB0FF87FF369809251A7B6B" author="Barao, K. R. &amp; Ferrari, A. &amp; Grazia, J." box="[151,616,539,563]" page="10" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" year="2020">
<taxonomicName id="BAF84D70FFB0FF87FF369809251A7B6B" authority=": Barao et al. 2020: 10" authorityName="Barao" authorityPageNumber="10" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,616,539,563]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Diceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melacanthus">
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FF36980926F47B6B" box="[151,390,539,563]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Diceraeus melacanthus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FE329809251A7B6B" author="Barao, K. R. &amp; Ferrari, A. &amp; Grazia, J." box="[403,616,539,563]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" refId="ref23702" refString="Barao, K. R., Ferrari, A. &amp; Grazia, J. (2020) Phylogenetic analysis of the Euschistus group (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) suggests polyphyly of Dichelops Spinola, 1837 with the erection of Diceraeus Dallas, 1851, stat. rev. Austral Entomology, 1 - 14. [early view] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / aen. 12489" type="book" year="2020">
Barão
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FE77980925717B6B" box="[470,515,539,563]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">et al</emphasis>
. 2020: 10
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(stat. rev. by
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FD53980924D77B6B" author="Barao, K. R. &amp; Ferrari, A. &amp; Grazia, J." box="[754,933,539,563]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" refId="ref23702" refString="Barao, K. R., Ferrari, A. &amp; Grazia, J. (2020) Phylogenetic analysis of the Euschistus group (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) suggests polyphyly of Dichelops Spinola, 1837 with the erection of Diceraeus Dallas, 1851, stat. rev. Austral Entomology, 1 - 14. [early view] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / aen. 12489" type="book" year="2020">
Barão
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FC94980924137B6B" box="[821,865,539,563]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">et al</emphasis>
. 2020
</bibRefCitation>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35E26578FFB0FF87FF369849234B7D5A" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7D4736F3FFB0FF87FF369849278E7BC2" blockId="20.[151,1437,604,1026]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FF36984926147B2E" bold="true" box="[151,358,604,630]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Material studied.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CD903CAEFFB0FF87FECF984924D77B2E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3083767316" box="[366,933,604,631]" collectingDate="1981-12" collectionCode="UFRG" collectorName="D. Link." pageId="20" pageNumber="450" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="1">
Santa Maria:
<specimenCount id="6BFEFD7AFFB0FF87FDA6984925597B2E" box="[519,555,604,630]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
,
<date id="09461033FFB0FF87FD98984925D37B2E" box="[569,673,604,630]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" value="1981-12">
<collectingDate id="1902E9DBFFB0FF87FD98984925D37B2E" box="[569,673,604,630]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" value="1981-12">XII.1981</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D00D5325FFB0FF87FD0F9848247C7B2E" box="[686,782,604,631]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">D. Link.</collectorName>
leg (
<collectionCode id="1BE9AE36FFB0FF87FCE9984924EB7B2E" box="[840,921,604,630]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nen5-04em" name="Instituto de Biologia" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">UFRG</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="CD903CAEFFB0FF87FC0D9849278A7BC2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3083767475" collectingDate="1981-12" collectionCode="UFRG" collectorName="Costa &amp; Link" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="1">
<collectorName id="D00D5325FFB0FF87FC0D9849236B7B2E" box="[940,1049,604,630]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">São Sepé</collectorName>
:
<specimenCount id="6BFEFD7AFFB0FF87FB849849233B7B2E" box="[1061,1097,604,630]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="6BFEFD7AFFB0FF87FBF6984923097B2E" box="[1111,1147,604,630]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
, 1981,
<collectorName id="D00D5325FFB0FF87FB71984922627B2E" box="[1232,1296,604,630]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Costa</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="D00D5325FFB0FF87FA97984922197B2E" box="[1334,1387,604,630]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Link</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="1BE9AE36FFB0FF87FF3E989527827BC2" box="[159,240,640,666]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nen5-04em" name="Instituto de Biologia" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">UFRG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D4736F3FFB0FF87FF6698B123E57ACF" blockId="20.[151,1437,604,1026]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FF6698B126C57BE6" bold="true" box="[199,439,676,702]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Diagnostic features.</emphasis>
Living specimens have the dorsal surface light castaneous to orange-castaneous (
<figureCitation id="E5C32A76FFB0FF87FACE98B127C67BBB" captionStart="FIGURES 53–55" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,1065,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-284@20.[152,1436,1050,1958]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 53–55. Diceraeus melacanthus. 53: Dorsal view, scale bar = 1.0 mm. 54: Ventral view. 55: Distribution within Rio Grande do Sul." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4692235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4692235/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
) and ventral surface green (
<figureCitation id="E5C32A76FFB0FF87FE5998DD253D7BBB" box="[504,591,712,739]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–55" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,1065,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-284@20.[152,1436,1050,1958]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 53–55. Diceraeus melacanthus. 53: Dorsal view, scale bar = 1.0 mm. 54: Ventral view. 55: Distribution within Rio Grande do Sul." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4692235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4692235/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
). Mandibular plates longer than clypeus, acute apically (
<figureCitation id="E5C32A76FFB0FF87FB7898DD225D7BBB" box="[1241,1327,712,739]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–55" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,1065,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-284@20.[152,1436,1050,1958]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 53–55. Diceraeus melacanthus. 53: Dorsal view, scale bar = 1.0 mm. 54: Ventral view. 55: Distribution within Rio Grande do Sul." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4692235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4692235/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
). Internal angles and posterior margin of cicatrices of pronotum dark castaneous. Anterolateral margins of pronotum concave and serrate, with pale outline (
<figureCitation id="E5C32A76FFB0FF87FE53990525357A73" box="[498,583,784,811]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–55" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,1065,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-284@20.[152,1436,1050,1958]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 53–55. Diceraeus melacanthus. 53: Dorsal view, scale bar = 1.0 mm. 54: Ventral view. 55: Distribution within Rio Grande do Sul." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4692235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4692235/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
). Humeral angles dark, strongly developed into an elongate spine, directed laterally (
<figureCitation id="E5C32A76FFB0FF87FEA2992126257A17" box="[259,343,820,847]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–55" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,1065,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-284@20.[152,1436,1050,1958]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 53–55. Diceraeus melacanthus. 53: Dorsal view, scale bar = 1.0 mm. 54: Ventral view. 55: Distribution within Rio Grande do Sul." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4692235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4692235/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
). Pale spots along lateral margins of scutellum and corium, apex of scutellum pale. Connexivum green in live specimens and straw-colored in mounted specimens, with anterior angles maculate and posterior angle produced. Posterior margin of abdominal sternite 7 strongly acute. Body length: 10.00 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D4736F3FFB0FF87FF6699B5234B7D5A" blockId="20.[151,1437,604,1026]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FF6699B526A27AE2" bold="true" box="[199,464,928,954]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Recorded host plants:</emphasis>
Barley, canola (Marsaro Jr.
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FCB699B424387AE2" box="[791,842,928,954]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">et al</emphasis>
. 2017;
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FC0299B523F07AE2" author="Bianchi, F. M. &amp; Marsaro Jr., A. L. &amp; Grazia, J. &amp; Pereira, P. R. V. S. &amp; Panizzi, A. R." box="[931,1154,928,955]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" pagination="219 - 224" refId="ref24182" refString="Bianchi, F. M., Marsaro Jr., A. L., Grazia, J., Pereira, P. R. V. S. &amp; Panizzi, A. R. (2019) Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests. Neotropical Entomology, 48, 219 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 018 - 0642 - 3" type="journal article" year="2019">
Bianchi
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FBA299B423447AE2" box="[1027,1078,928,954]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
), maize (
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FB4A99B527847A86" author="Roza-Gomes, M. F. &amp; Salvadori, J. R. &amp; Pereira, P. R. V. S. &amp; Panizzi, A. R." pageId="20" pageNumber="450" pagination="1115 - 1119" refId="ref30374" refString="Roza-Gomes, M. F., Salvadori, J. R., Pereira, P. R. V. S. &amp; Panizzi, A. R. (2011) Injurias de quatro especies de percevejos pentatomideos em plantulas de milho. Ciencia Rural, 41 (7), 1115 - 1119. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0103 - 84782011005000081" type="journal article" year="2011">
Roza-Gomes
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FA2999B427C67A86" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FEA399D126AA7A86" author="Panizzi, A. R. &amp; Bueno, A. F. &amp; Silva, F. A. C." box="[258,472,964,990]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" pagination="335 - 420" refId="ref29266" refString="Panizzi, A. R., Bueno, A. F. &amp; Silva, F. A. C. (2012) Insetos que atacam vagens e graos. In: Hoffmann-Campo, C. B., Correa- Ferreira, B. S. &amp; Moscardi, F. (Eds.), Soja: manejo integrado de insetos e outros artropodes-praga. Embrapa, Brasilia, pp. 335 - 420." type="book chapter" year="2012">
Panizzi
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FEFD99D026E77A86" box="[348,405,964,990]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
), oat (
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FDBC99D124307A86" author="Pereira, P. R. V. S. &amp; Salvadori, J. R." box="[541,834,964,990]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" refId="ref29567" refString="Pereira, P. R. V. S. &amp; Salvadori, J. R. (2020) Arvore do conhecimento - Centeio, Insetos. AGEITEC - Agencia Embrapa de Informacao Tecnologica. Available from: http: // www. agencia. cnptia. embrapa. br / gestor / centeio / arvore / CONT 000 fz 2 zy 82 a 02 wx 5 ok 0 ejlyhd 0 qlyuvr. html (accessed 29 March 2020)" type="url" year="2020">Pereira &amp; Salvadori 2020</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FCEF99D123567A86" author="Panizzi, A. R. &amp; Bueno, A. F. &amp; Silva, F. A. C." box="[846,1060,964,990]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" pagination="335 - 420" refId="ref29266" refString="Panizzi, A. R., Bueno, A. F. &amp; Silva, F. A. C. (2012) Insetos que atacam vagens e graos. In: Hoffmann-Campo, C. B., Correa- Ferreira, B. S. &amp; Moscardi, F. (Eds.), Soja: manejo integrado de insetos e outros artropodes-praga. Embrapa, Brasilia, pp. 335 - 420." type="book chapter" year="2012">
Panizzi
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FC0999D024937A86" box="[936,993,964,990]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
), rye (
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FBCA99D122E27A86" author="Pereira, P. R. V. S. &amp; Salvadori, J. R." box="[1131,1424,964,990]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" refId="ref29567" refString="Pereira, P. R. V. S. &amp; Salvadori, J. R. (2020) Arvore do conhecimento - Centeio, Insetos. AGEITEC - Agencia Embrapa de Informacao Tecnologica. Available from: http: // www. agencia. cnptia. embrapa. br / gestor / centeio / arvore / CONT 000 fz 2 zy 82 a 02 wx 5 ok 0 ejlyhd 0 qlyuvr. html (accessed 29 March 2020)" type="url" year="2020">Pereira &amp; Salvadori 2020</bibRefCitation>
), soybean (
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FEA099FD269B7D5A" author="Link, D. &amp; Grazia, J." box="[257,489,1000,1026]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" pagination="115 - 129" refId="ref27880" refString="Link, D. &amp; Grazia, J. (1987) Pentatomideos da regiao central do Rio Grande do Sul (Heteroptera). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 16 (1), 115 - 129." type="journal article" year="1987">Link &amp; Grazia 1987</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FE5599FD25B57D5A" author="Panizzi, A. R. &amp; Bueno, A. F. &amp; Silva, F. A. C." box="[500,711,1000,1026]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" pagination="335 - 420" refId="ref29266" refString="Panizzi, A. R., Bueno, A. F. &amp; Silva, F. A. C. (2012) Insetos que atacam vagens e graos. In: Hoffmann-Campo, C. B., Correa- Ferreira, B. S. &amp; Moscardi, F. (Eds.), Soja: manejo integrado de insetos e outros artropodes-praga. Embrapa, Brasilia, pp. 335 - 420." type="book chapter" year="2012">
Panizzi
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FDEF99FC25F47D5A" box="[590,646,1000,1026]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
) and wheat (
<bibRefCitation id="19694B02FFB0FF87FCF799FD235F7D5A" author="Panizzi, A. R. &amp; Bueno, A. F. &amp; Silva, F. A. C." box="[854,1069,1000,1026]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" pagination="335 - 420" refId="ref29266" refString="Panizzi, A. R., Bueno, A. F. &amp; Silva, F. A. C. (2012) Insetos que atacam vagens e graos. In: Hoffmann-Campo, C. B., Correa- Ferreira, B. S. &amp; Moscardi, F. (Eds.), Soja: manejo integrado de insetos e outros artropodes-praga. Embrapa, Brasilia, pp. 335 - 420." type="book chapter" year="2012">
Panizzi
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FC1099FC249B7D5A" box="[945,1001,1000,1026]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="2987667BFFB0FF87FF369DA826437EA1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4692235" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4692235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4692235/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" startId="20.[151,264,1981,2005]" targetBox="[162,1427,1065,1952]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="7D4736F3FFB0FF87FF369DA826437EA1" blockId="20.[151,1437,1981,2041]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FF369DA826277E8D" bold="true" box="[151,341,1981,2005]" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">FIGURES 53–55.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BAF84D70FFB0FF87FEFA9DAB25387E8D" box="[347,586,1981,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Diceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melacanthus">
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB0FF87FEFA9DAB25387E8D" box="[347,586,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="450">Diceraeus melacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 53: Dorsal view, scale bar = 1.0 mm. 54: Ventral view. 55: Distribution within Rio Grande do Sul.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="35E26578FFB1FF86FF669A832429798D" pageId="21" pageNumber="451" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7D4736F3FFB1FF86FF669A832429798D" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="451">
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB1FF86FF669A83251579E8" bold="true" box="[199,615,150,177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="451">
Distribution in
<collectingRegion id="BF3CF811FFB1FF86FEDE9A83251079E8" box="[383,610,150,177]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="21" pageNumber="451">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
.
</emphasis>
Canoas, Encruzilhada do Sul, Guaíba, Imbé, Osório, Passo Fundo, Porto Alegre, Rio Pardo, Santa Maria, São Sepé and Torres (
<figureCitation id="E5C32A76FFB1FF86FD5B9AAE243C798D" box="[762,846,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–55" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,1065,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-284@20.[152,1436,1050,1958]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 53–55. Diceraeus melacanthus. 53: Dorsal view, scale bar = 1.0 mm. 54: Ventral view. 55: Distribution within Rio Grande do Sul." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4692235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4692235/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="451">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35E26578FFB1FF86FF669ACB23C67845" pageId="21" pageNumber="451" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="7D4736F3FFB1FF86FF669ACB23C67845" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="451">
<emphasis id="4F8CEAE1FFB1FF86FF669ACB263D79A0" bold="true" box="[199,335,222,248]" pageId="21" pageNumber="451">Comments.</emphasis>
This species is known as the green-bellied bug. Both adults and nymphs cause damage to the base of the plants, through the leaf sheath, reaching the inner leaves. Fifth instar nymphs are green.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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