384 lines
51 KiB
XML
384 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document id="08509F1FAF5EFBAA0BEBC955D0C2E098" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.182270" ID-GBIF-Dataset="37afda3b-e729-483a-9de9-b60d0d3c0a77" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="182270" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459859092091" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Calor, Adolfo R. & Froehlich, Claudio G." docDate="2008" docId="F519B035CA21FFB3FF2BF953FB30F80E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01779p054.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1779" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Notalina morsei Holzenthal 1986" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="0920C84DCA20FFB6FFBCFC5CFFFCFFB4" masterDocTitle="Description of the immature stages of Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) and an updated key to larvae of Neotropical Leptoceridae genera" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1698225826608" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="4E94FC36A128DDD1E097157D53BFB559">Description of the immature stages of Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) and an updated key to larvae of Neotropical Leptoceridae genera</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F56F6473CD9047939EF66F38360EB93F">Calor, Adolfo R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="98EA1EDEE1644FFB6297281E9C37067A">Froehlich, Claudio G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="B38AF5AB50AAC25FE3E5270C8517995D">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="F519B035CA21FFB3FF2BF953FB30F80E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6228512" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119363222" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6228512" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F519B035CA21FFB3FF2BF953FB30F80E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F519B035CA21FFB3FF2BF953FB30F80E" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection id="35AA52A8CA21FFB7FF2BF953FECAFAF8" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA21FFB7FF2BF953FDCFFA9D" blockId="1.[151,563,1295,1356]" box="[151,563,1295,1321]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="2647B64FCA21FFB7FF2BF953FDCFFA9D" bold="true" box="[151,563,1295,1321]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA21FFB7FF2BF953FDCFFA9D" ID-CoL="7W38T" authority="Holzenthal, 1986" authorityName="Holzenthal" authorityYear="1986" box="[151,563,1295,1321]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsei">
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<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA21FFB7FF2BF953FDCFFA9D" bold="true" box="[151,563,1295,1321]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA21FFB7FF2BF953FEA5FA9D" bold="true" box="[151,345,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Notalina morsei</emphasis>
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Holzenthal, 1986
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA21FFB7FF2BF96EFECAFAF8" blockId="1.[151,563,1295,1356]" box="[151,310,1330,1356]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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(
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<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA21FFB7FF23F96EFED0FAF8" box="[159,300,1330,1356]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[151,255,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,255,1463,1487]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,255,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox-0="[228,1360,311,1924]" captionTargetBox-1="[307,1283,231,1413]" captionTargetBox-2="[200,1393,444,1893]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[227,1361,295,1925]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[259,1327,194,1439]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[173,1413,410,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A—larval case; B—larval body, legs removed, lateral; inset, lateral sclerite of abdominal segment I enlarged; C—foreleg; D—middle leg; E—hind leg; F—abdominal segments IX and X, showing tergite IX, dorsal; G—abdominal proleg and anal claw, lateral." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A – head, dorsal; B – mandibles; C – head, ventral, without mandibles; D – thorax, dorsal; E – metasternum, ventral." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Pupa: A—labrum and mandibles, dorsal; B—hook plates IIIa – Va, dorsal and lateral; C—hook plates VIa, dorsal; D—hook plate Vp, dorsal; E—abdominal segment IX and anal processes, lateral; F— same, dorsal; G— same, ventral." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/182271/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/182272/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/182273/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Figures 1–3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="35AA52A8CA21FFB3FF2BF9DEFC40FCBE" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA21FFB7FF2BF9DEFE74F988" blockId="1.[151,1436,1410,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA21FFB7FF2BF9DEFE55FA28" bold="true" box="[151,425,1410,1436]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Description of larvae.</emphasis>
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The larvae can be recognized by the ventral apotome which is broad anteriorly and narrow posteriorly; the metanotum with three sclerites; the metasternum bearing 10–12 setae; the gill arrangement, usually including ventral and dorsal filaments from abdominal segments II to VI; and abdominal tergite IX with 6 long and 4 short setae. Characters to separate
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<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA21FFB7FC94F9A7FC73F9A0" box="[808,911,1531,1556]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA21FFB7FC94F9A7FC73F9A0" box="[808,911,1531,1556]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Notalina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from other Neotropical leptocerid larvae are presented in the key.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA21FFB7FF7AFA16FD66F8E0" blockId="1.[151,1436,1410,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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Head (
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<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA21FFB7FEAFFA16FE9DF9D0" box="[275,353,1610,1636]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,311,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[227,1361,295,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A—larval case; B—larval body, legs removed, lateral; inset, lateral sclerite of abdominal segment I enlarged; C—foreleg; D—middle leg; E—hind leg; F—abdominal segments IX and X, showing tergite IX, dorsal; G—abdominal proleg and anal claw, lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182271/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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B, 2A–C). Elongate oval; dark brown with pale yellow to orange-brown spots around epicranial sutures; brown patch mesoventrally on each side of head present on almost all larvae, varying from small pale area of light mottling to large dark area; antennae long, bearing an apical seta; frontoclypeal apotome triangular, wider anteriorly and tapering behind a weak constriction; labrum without secondary setae (
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<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA21FFB7FA93FA9EFA8AF968" box="[1327,1398,1730,1756]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[307,1283,231,1413]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[259,1327,194,1439]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A – head, dorsal; B – mandibles; C – head, ventral, without mandibles; D – thorax, dorsal; E – metasternum, ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182272/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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A); mandibles short, wide, triangular, teeth grouped around a central concavity (
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<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA21FFB7FB93FAB6FB85F8B0" box="[1071,1145,1770,1796]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[307,1283,231,1413]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[259,1327,194,1439]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A – head, dorsal; B – mandibles; C – head, ventral, without mandibles; D – thorax, dorsal; E – metasternum, ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182272/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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B); left mandible with 6 teeth, right mandible with 5 teeth; ventral apotome developed, broad in the anterior region, tapering posteriorly, truncate; cardo long, slender (
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<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA21FFB7FD8CFB66FD8BF8E0" box="[560,631,1850,1876]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[307,1283,231,1413]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[259,1327,194,1439]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A – head, dorsal; B – mandibles; C – head, ventral, without mandibles; D – thorax, dorsal; E – metasternum, ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182272/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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C).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA21FFB4FF7AFB3EFAC5FEB6" blockId="1.[151,1436,1410,2036]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,152,258]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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Thorax (
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<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA21FFB7FE91FB3EFE86F8C8" box="[301,378,1890,1916]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,311,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[227,1361,295,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A—larval case; B—larval body, legs removed, lateral; inset, lateral sclerite of abdominal segment I enlarged; C—foreleg; D—middle leg; E—hind leg; F—abdominal segments IX and X, showing tergite IX, dorsal; G—abdominal proleg and anal claw, lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182271/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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B–E, 2D–E). Pronotum dark brown, rarely dark orange with few obvious spots, anterior margin smooth, anterolateral corner smoothly rounded; mesonotum light brown or yellow with brown spots and/or patches, the 3 metanotal sclerites brown; 2
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<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA21FFB7FD50FBEFFCFAF878" box="[748,774,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">sa</emphasis>
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1 sclerites semi-quadrate,
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<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA21FFB7FB80FBEFFBAAF878" box="[1084,1110,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">sa</emphasis>
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2 sclerite wide, short; darkened regions present at
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<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA21FFB7FE0CFB87FE36F840" box="[432,458,2011,2036]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">sa</emphasis>
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3, rarely tiny sclerites present, smaller than the distance between the 3 setae in the area (
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<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA22FFB4FF65FCC4FEDCFF06" box="[217,288,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[307,1283,231,1413]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[259,1327,194,1439]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A – head, dorsal; B – mandibles; C – head, ventral, without mandibles; D – thorax, dorsal; E – metasternum, ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182272/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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D); foretrochantin developed, long, tapering, sinuous (
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<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA22FFB4FC1EFCC4FC1AFF06" box="[930,998,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,311,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[227,1361,295,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A—larval case; B—larval body, legs removed, lateral; inset, lateral sclerite of abdominal segment I enlarged; C—foreleg; D—middle leg; E—hind leg; F—abdominal segments IX and X, showing tergite IX, dorsal; G—abdominal proleg and anal claw, lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182271/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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C); prosternal and mesosternal sclerites brown, the latter lighter than the former; metasternum bearing 10–12 setae, without sclerite at base (
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<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA22FFB4FAD1FC9CFF5BFEB6" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[307,1283,231,1413]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[259,1327,194,1439]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A – head, dorsal; B – mandibles; C – head, ventral, without mandibles; D – thorax, dorsal; E – metasternum, ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182272/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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E); legs pale yellow, rarely brown, bearing many setae, unbanded, hind tibia undivided (
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<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA22FFB4FB12FCB4FB13FEB6" box="[1198,1263,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,311,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[227,1361,295,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A—larval case; B—larval body, legs removed, lateral; inset, lateral sclerite of abdominal segment I enlarged; C—foreleg; D—middle leg; E—hind leg; F—abdominal segments IX and X, showing tergite IX, dorsal; G—abdominal proleg and anal claw, lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182271/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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C–E).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="29CF51ABCA22FFB4FF2BFBCBFC4FF847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182271/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" targetBox="[228,1360,311,1924]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA22FFB4FF2BFBCBFC4FF847" blockId="2.[151,1436,1943,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA22FFB4FF2BFBCBFEE5F81B" bold="true" box="[151,281,1943,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA22FFB4FE9DFBC4FD6CF81A" authority="Holzenthal, 1986" authorityName="Holzenthal" authorityYear="1986" box="[289,656,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsei">
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<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA22FFB4FE9DFBC4FE32F81B" box="[289,462,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Notalina morsei</emphasis>
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Holzenthal, 1986
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</taxonomicName>
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. Larva: A—larval case; B—larval body, legs removed, lateral; inset, lateral sclerite of abdominal segment I enlarged; C—foreleg; D—middle leg; E—hind leg; F—abdominal segments IX and X, showing tergite IX, dorsal; G—abdominal proleg and anal claw, lateral.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="29CF51ABCA23FFB5FF2BF9EBFD6BFA45" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182272/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" targetBox="[307,1283,231,1413]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA23FFB5FF2BF9EBFD6BFA45" blockId="3.[151,1436,1463,1521]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA23FFB5FF2BF9EBFEE6FA7B" bold="true" box="[151,282,1463,1487]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA23FFB5FE9FF9E4FD6AFA7B" authority="Holzenthal, 1986" authorityName="Holzenthal" authorityYear="1986" box="[291,662,1464,1487]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsei">
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<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA23FFB5FE9FF9E4FE2DFA7B" box="[291,465,1464,1487]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Notalina morsei</emphasis>
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Holzenthal, 1986
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</taxonomicName>
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. Larva: A–head, dorsal; B–mandibles; C–head, ventral, without mandibles; D–thorax, dorsal; E–metasternum, ventral.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA23FFB5FF7AFA14FEC4F8CE" blockId="3.[151,1437,1608,2034]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
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Abdomen (
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<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA23FFB5FEF0FA14FE61F9D6" box="[332,413,1608,1634]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,311,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[227,1361,295,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A—larval case; B—larval body, legs removed, lateral; inset, lateral sclerite of abdominal segment I enlarged; C—foreleg; D—middle leg; E—hind leg; F—abdominal segments IX and X, showing tergite IX, dorsal; G—abdominal proleg and anal claw, lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182271/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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B, 1F–G). Segment I with well-developed dorsal and lateral humps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA23FFB5FB60FA14FADDF9D6" box="[1244,1313,1608,1634]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,311,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[227,1361,295,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A—larval case; B—larval body, legs removed, lateral; inset, lateral sclerite of abdominal segment I enlarged; C—foreleg; D—middle leg; E—hind leg; F—abdominal segments IX and X, showing tergite IX, dorsal; G—abdominal proleg and anal claw, lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182271/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B); lateral hump sclerite pale yellow anteriorly, lightly sclerotized, rounded, with anterior brush of short thin setae, posterior stem brown, bearing a single long, anterior seta; lateral line starting on segment III; the gill arrangement usually includes ventral and dorsal single filaments from abdominal segments II to VI, 2 single filaments on segments III or IV sometimes present; abdominal tergite IX trapezoidal, posterior margin bearing 6 long and 4 short setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA23FFB5FE9BFB4CFE97F89E" box="[295,363,1808,1834]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,311,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[227,1361,295,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A—larval case; B—larval body, legs removed, lateral; inset, lateral sclerite of abdominal segment I enlarged; C—foreleg; D—middle leg; E—hind leg; F—abdominal segments IX and X, showing tergite IX, dorsal; G—abdominal proleg and anal claw, lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182271/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
F); last abdominal segment with moderately short setae ventrally between prolegs; lateral sclerite of anal proleg well-developed, with long setae; anal claw with 2 shorter accessory hooks on outer margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA23FFB5FF70FB3CFEF2F8CE" box="[204,270,1888,1914]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,311,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[227,1361,295,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A—larval case; B—larval body, legs removed, lateral; inset, lateral sclerite of abdominal segment I enlarged; C—foreleg; D—middle leg; E—hind leg; F—abdominal segments IX and X, showing tergite IX, dorsal; G—abdominal proleg and anal claw, lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182271/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
G).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA23FFB5FF7AFBD4FD92F816" blockId="3.[151,1437,1608,2034]" box="[198,622,1928,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Body length. 7.8 – 9.9 mm (n = 45).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA23FFB5FF7AFBECFCD3F846" blockId="3.[151,1437,1608,2034]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Case (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA23FFB5FEAEFBECFEABF87E" box="[274,343,1968,1994]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,311,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[227,1361,295,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Larva: A—larval case; B—larval body, legs removed, lateral; inset, lateral sclerite of abdominal segment I enlarged; C—foreleg; D—middle leg; E—hind leg; F—abdominal segments IX and X, showing tergite IX, dorsal; G—abdominal proleg and anal claw, lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182271/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Composed largely of plant fragments (smaller cases also including small sand grains), slightly tapered and straight, not much longer than larva.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA24FFB2FF7AFCCBFBA5FECE" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA24FFB2FF7AFCCBFE2AFF05" bold="true" box="[198,470,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Description of pupae.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="05A741B3CA24FFB2FE5CFCC4FDFDFF06" box="[480,513,152,178]" name="American Samoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
pointed out by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19217CD2CA24FFB2FD7EFCC4FC81FF06" box="[706,893,152,178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" refString="St. Clair, R. M. (1991) The genus Notalina (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae: Triplectidinae) in Southeastern Australia, with descriptions of the larvae and pupae. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 4, 895 - 934." type="journal article">St. Clair (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for Australian species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA24FFB2FB0AFCC4FAE0FF05" box="[1206,1308,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA24FFB2FB0AFCC4FAE0FF05" box="[1206,1308,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Notalina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the pupal stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA24FFB2FEB7FC9CFE58FF6E" box="[267,420,192,218]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Leptoceridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
present few diagnostic characters, such that distinguishing among the genera in the pupal stage is difficult. Moreover, in this case the reduced number of specimens (n = 2), and their condition (pupal exuviae obtained by laboratory rearing) made it difficult to clearly establish the nature of some structures and to fully diagnose the pupal stage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA24FFB2FD15FD64FCE7FEE5" box="[681,795,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsei">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA24FFB2FD15FD64FCE7FEE5" box="[681,795,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">N. morsei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA24FFB2FB3DFD64FB0FFEE5" box="[1153,1267,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsei">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA24FFB2FB3DFD64FB0FFEE5" box="[1153,1267,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">N. morsei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pupae that we could observe was very similar to that described for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA24FFB2FD41FD3CFC92FECD" box="[765,878,352,377]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA24FFB2FD41FD3CFC92FECD" box="[765,878,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">N. bifaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19217CD2CA24FFB2FC27FD3CFBA9FECE" box="[923,1109,352,378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="54" refString="St. Clair, R. M. (1991) The genus Notalina (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae: Triplectidinae) in Southeastern Australia, with descriptions of the larvae and pupae. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 4, 895 - 934." type="journal article">St. Clair (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="29CF51ABCA24FFB2FF2BFBCFFDA6F841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182273/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" targetBox="[200,1393,444,1893]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA24FFB2FF2BFBCFFDA6F841" blockId="4.[151,1436,1939,2037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA24FFB2FF2BFBCFFEE4F81F" bold="true" box="[151,280,1939,1963]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA24FFB2FEA3FBC8FD71F81F" authority="Holzenthal, 1986" authorityName="Holzenthal" authorityYear="1986" box="[287,653,1940,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsei">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA24FFB2FEA3FBC8FE30F81F" box="[287,460,1940,1963]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Notalina morsei</emphasis>
|
||
Holzenthal, 1986
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Pupa: A—labrum and mandibles, dorsal; B—hook plates IIIa–Va, dorsal and lateral; C—hook plates VIa, dorsal; D—hook plate Vp, dorsal; E—abdominal segment IX and anal processes, lateral; F— same, dorsal; G— same, ventral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA25FFB3FF7AFCC4FDE7FEB6" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA25FFB3FEA9FCC4FEA7FF06" box="[277,347,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[200,1393,444,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[173,1413,410,1919]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Pupa: A—labrum and mandibles, dorsal; B—hook plates IIIa – Va, dorsal and lateral; C—hook plates VIa, dorsal; D—hook plate Vp, dorsal; E—abdominal segment IX and anal processes, lateral; F— same, dorsal; G— same, ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182273/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Labrum rounded anteriorly, with 10 prominent and 8 shorter setae; mandible prominent, basal region moderately wide, bearing 2 setae dorsolaterally, apex accuminate, slightly hooked at end; antennal bases each with 2 short setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA25FFB3FF2BFD4CFE8FFEE6" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Thorax. Pronotum with few setae; fore and middle legs with setal rows on the posterior margins forming swimming fringes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA25FFB3FF79FD3CFD0CFD26" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA25FFB3FEF4FD3CFE64FECE" box="[328,408,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[200,1393,444,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[173,1413,410,1919]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Pupa: A—labrum and mandibles, dorsal; B—hook plates IIIa – Va, dorsal and lateral; C—hook plates VIa, dorsal; D—hook plate Vp, dorsal; E—abdominal segment IX and anal processes, lateral; F— same, dorsal; G— same, ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182273/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B–G). Anterior hook plates on segments III to VII, moderately long, sometimes the posterior margins acuminate, IIIa–Va with 2 hooks each, VIa with 3 hooks each, posterior hookplates wide, Vp with 3 hooks each; lateral line starting on segment III near the base of the basal gill filament; gill arrangement usually includes ventral and dorsal single filaments from abdominal segments II to VI, double filaments on segment IV present on one specimen; segment IX dorsally with 4 moderately long setae on each side; anal opening on shallow rounded projection; male inferior appendage sheath long, acuminate, apex not pointed; phallic sheath trapezoidal; anal processes long, slender, slightly upturned at apex, each with subapical setae, and delicate, minute seta along its length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E58B1DA6CA25FFB3FD38FE24FD35FD26" box="[644,713,632,658]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[200,1393,444,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[173,1413,410,1919]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Notalina morsei Holzenthal, 1986. Pupa: A—labrum and mandibles, dorsal; B—hook plates IIIa – Va, dorsal and lateral; C—hook plates VIa, dorsal; D—hook plate Vp, dorsal; E—abdominal segment IX and anal processes, lateral; F— same, dorsal; G— same, ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182273/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
G).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA25FFB3FF79FEFCFC40FCBE" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Pupal case. Same as the larval case, but distinguished by sand grains added to both ends. The sand grains extended far beyond the diameter of the case, but since all pupal cases were obtained through rearing in the laboratory, these differences may not occur under natural conditions.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="35AA52A8CA25FFB3FF7AFF4BFA69FB76" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA25FFB3FF7AFF4BFA69FB76" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FF7AFF4BFD3BFC85" bold="true" box="[198,711,791,817]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Material examined.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="05A741B3CA25FFB3FE7AFF4BFDC7FC85" box="[454,571,791,817]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
: São Paulo
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Campos do Jordão, Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão, afluente, Córrego Galharada,
|
||
<date id="090E27E3CA25FFB3FE49FF1CFD8FFCEE" box="[501,627,832,858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" value="1999-11-09">09.xi.1999</date>
|
||
(Froehlich, C.G.) – 1 larva, (
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BA199E6CA25FFB3FC77FF1CFBE2FCEE" box="[971,1054,832,858]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
); same except
|
||
<date id="090E27E3CA25FFB3FB71FF1CFAB6FCEE" box="[1229,1354,832,858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" value="2000-09-12">12.ix.2000</date>
|
||
(Froehlich, C.G.) – 1 larva and 2 cases, (
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BA199E6CA25FFB3FD93FF34FD7EFC36" box="[559,642,872,898]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
); same except
|
||
<date id="090E27E3CA25FFB3FC91FF34FC57FC36" box="[813,939,872,898]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" value="2000-09-01">01.ix.2000</date>
|
||
(Froehlich, C.G.) –
|
||
<specimenCount id="6BB6CAAACA25FFB3FB29FF34FB0EFC36" box="[1173,1266,872,898]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BA199E6CA25FFB3FABEFF34FAA9FC36" box="[1282,1365,872,898]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
); Jundiaí, Parque Florestal da Serra do Japi, Córrego Paraíso,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="188467E4CA25FFB3FCEDFFCCFC16FC1E" box="[849,1002,912,938]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" precision="15" value="-23.241945">23º14’31’’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="188467E4CA25FFB3FC47FFCCFB63FC1E" box="[1019,1183,912,938]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" precision="15" value="-46.933056">46º55’59’’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="BA48ACC6CA25FFB3FB12FFCCFAF1FC1E" box="[1198,1293,912,938]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.027" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="1027.0">1027 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="090E27E3CA25FFB3FAA1FFCCFA60FC1E" box="[1309,1436,912,938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" value="2007-03-26">26.iii.2007</date>
|
||
(Calor, A.R.; Mariano, R.L.S & Lecci, L.S.) –
|
||
<specimenCount id="6BB6CAAACA25FFB3FD0BFFE4FCE8FC66" box="[695,788,952,978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="larva">7 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BA199E6CA25FFB3FC9FFFE4FC85FC66" box="[803,889,952,978]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3avb-bd3e" name="University of Minnesota Insect Collection" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">UMSP</collectionCode>
|
||
); São Carlos, Fazenda Canchim, Córrego Canchim,
|
||
<date id="090E27E3CA25FFB3FF5DFFBCFE92FC4E" box="[225,366,992,1018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" value="2006-08-22">22.viii.2006</date>
|
||
(Paula, M.C. & Trivinho-Strixino, S.) –
|
||
<specimenCount id="6BB6CAAACA25FFB3FCF2FFBCFC40FC4E" box="[846,956,992,1018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="larva">12 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BA199E6CA25FFB3FC77FFBCFBE2FC4E" box="[971,1054,992,1018]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
); same except
|
||
<date id="090E27E3CA25FFB3FB77FFBCFABEFC4E" box="[1227,1346,992,1018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" value="2007-02-13">13.ii.2007</date>
|
||
(Paula, M.C. & Trivinho-Strixino, S.) –
|
||
<specimenCount id="6BB6CAAACA25FFB3FDA6F854FD74FB96" box="[538,648,1032,1058]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="larva">14 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BA199E6CA25FFB3FD24F854FD17FB96" box="[664,747,1032,1058]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
); same except UFSCar, córrego Fazzari,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="188467E4CA25FFB3FB6FF854FAC2FB96" box="[1235,1342,1032,1058]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" precision="925" value="-21.983334">21°59’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="188467E4CA25FFB3FAF0F854FF4FFBFE" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" precision="925" value="-47.9">47°54’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="BA48ACC6CA25FFB3FF03F86CFEF1FBFE" box="[191,269,1072,1098]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="910.0">910 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="090E27E3CA25FFB3FEA5F86CFE6BFBFE" box="[281,407,1072,1098]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" value="2007-06-14">14.vi.2007</date>
|
||
(Calor, A.; Roque, F.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="05A741B3CA25FFB3FD24F86CFD4DFBFE" box="[664,689,1072,1098]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
.; Lecci, L.S. & Moretto, R.) –
|
||
<specimenCount id="6BB6CAAACA25FFB3FBA6F86CFB80FBFE" box="[1050,1148,1072,1098]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
, 3 empty cases, 2 reared pupae, 2 reared males (
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BA199E6CA25FFB3FE0CF804FDFFFBC6" box="[432,515,1112,1138]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
); Dourado, Parque do Lago, Córregos das Furnas,
|
||
<date id="090E27E3CA25FFB3FBD6F804FB24FBC6" box="[1130,1240,1112,1138]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" value="2007-01-17">17.i.2007</date>
|
||
(Paula, M.C. & Trivinho-Strixino, S.) –
|
||
<specimenCount id="6BB6CAAACA25FFB3FE0EF8DCFDEDFB2E" box="[434,529,1152,1178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BA199E6CA25FFB3FD9CF8DCFD8FFB2E" box="[544,627,1152,1178]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
); same except
|
||
<date id="090E27E3CA25FFB3FC9CF8DCFC52FB2E" box="[800,942,1152,1178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" value="2006-08-02">02.viii.2006</date>
|
||
(Paula, M.C. & Trivinho-Strixino, S.) – 1 larva (
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BA199E6CA25FFB3FF5DF8F4FEC8FB76" box="[225,308,1192,1218]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FEF4F8FBFDFBFB75" bold="true" box="[328,519,1191,1217]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Rio de Janeiro:</emphasis>
|
||
Itatiaia, Rio Marimbondo,
|
||
<date id="090E27E3CA25FFB3FCF4F8F4FC41FB76" box="[840,957,1192,1218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" value="2000-10-14">14.x.2000</date>
|
||
(Eq. Entomológica) –
|
||
<specimenCount id="6BB6CAAACA25FFB3FB75F8F4FADAFB76" box="[1225,1318,1192,1218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="larva">3 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BA199E6CA25FFB3FA89F8F4FA74FB76" box="[1333,1416,1192,1218]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="35AA52A8CA25FFB3FF7AF893FB30F80E" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA25FFB3FF7AF893FCE1FA8E" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FF7AF893FED7FB5D" bold="true" box="[198,299,1231,1257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Larvae of this species were found in the slow flowing sections of low-order, lowland and mountain streams. Larvae have also been found in a stream flowing into a dam. Larvae were associated with detritus, macrophytes, and marginal, submerged vegetation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA25FFB3FF7AF914FB37F9B6" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Three collected cases of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FE52F914FD9EFAD5" box="[494,610,1352,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsei">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FE52F914FD9EFAD5" box="[494,610,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">N. morsei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Serra do Japi were occupied by the early instars of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FAAEF914FE73FA3E" authority="Burmeister" authorityName="Burmeister" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Triplectides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FAAEF914FF0DFA3D" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Triplectides gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
(Burmeister)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae. Larvae of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FD58F92CFC20FA3E" authority="Kolenati" authorityName="Kolenati" box="[740,988,1392,1418]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Triplectides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FD58F92CFC93FA3D" box="[740,879,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Triplectides</emphasis>
|
||
Kolenati
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
generally occupy small hollowed out twig fragments or discarded cases of other caddisflies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19217CD2CA25FFB3FC9BF9C4FC11FA06" author="Flint" box="[807,1005,1432,1458]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" refString="Flint, O. S., Jr., Holzenthal, R. W. & Harris, S. C. (1999) Catalog of the Neotropical Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera). Ohio Biological Survey, Columbus. iv + 239 pp." type="book" year="1999">
|
||
Flint
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FCD5F9C4FC61FA05" box="[873,925,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). They have been recorded from the cases of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FEB4F99CFDC4FA6E" authority="Schmid" authorityName="Schmid" box="[264,568,1472,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Sericostomatidae" genus="Parasericostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FEB4F99CFE2CFA6D" box="[264,464,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Parasericostoma</emphasis>
|
||
Schmid
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FDC1F99CFCAEFA6E" authority="Muller" authorityName="Muller" box="[637,850,1472,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Sericostomatidae" genus="Grumicha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FDC1F99CFD08FA6D" box="[637,756,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Grumicha</emphasis>
|
||
Müller
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19217CD2CA25FFB3FC37F99CFB8BFA6E" author="Holzenthal" box="[907,1143,1472,1498]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" refString="Holzenthal, R. W. (1988 a) Systematics of Neotropical Triplectides (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 81, 187 - 208." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="a">Holzenthal (1988a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FAB4F99CFF1BF9B6" authority="Muller" authorityName="Muller" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Nectopsyche" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FAB4F99CFA60FA6D" box="[1288,1436,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Nectopsyche</emphasis>
|
||
Müller
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19217CD2CA25FFB3FEAEF9B4FDBCF9B6" box="[274,576,1512,1538]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" refString="Crisci-Bispo, V. L., Bispo, P. C. & Froehlich, C. G. (2004) Triplectides larvae in empty cases of Nectopsyche (Trichoptera, Leptoceridae) at Parque Estadual Intervales, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 48, 133 - 134." type="journal article">Crisci-Bispo et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; here we add their use of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FCD0F9B4FB82F9B6" authority="Neonotalina" authorityName="Neonotalina" box="[876,1150,1512,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FCD0F9B4FC2EF9B5" box="[876,978,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Notalina</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FC58F9B4FB89F9B5" box="[996,1141,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Neonotalina</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cases.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D0F0123CA25FFB3FF7AFA53FB30F80E" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FF7AFA53FE36F99D" bold="true" box="[198,458,1551,1577]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Taxonomic remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="05A741B3CA25FFB3FE69FA4CFE0AF99E" box="[469,502,1552,1578]" name="American Samoa" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
mentioned above,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19217CD2CA25FFB3FD63FA4CFC60F99E" box="[735,924,1552,1578]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" refString="St. Clair, R. M. (1991) The genus Notalina (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae: Triplectidinae) in Southeastern Australia, with descriptions of the larvae and pupae. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 4, 895 - 934." type="journal article">St. Clair (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the larvae of several Australian species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FEAEFA64FE07F9E6" box="[274,507,1592,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FEAEFA64FE85F9E5" box="[274,377,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Notalina</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FE36FA64FE0CF9E5" box="[394,496,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Notalina</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and proposed their diagnosis by the following combination of characters: long antennae, 3–5 metanotal sclerites, undivided hind tibia, and anal proleg with secondary setae. The larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FF2BFAD4FEA8F915" box="[151,340,1672,1697]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsei">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FF2BFAD4FEA8F915" box="[151,340,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Notalina morsei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cannot be distinguished from its congeners based on these diagnostic characters, such that the diagnosis proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19217CD2CA25FFB3FE1BFAECFD9CF97E" box="[423,608,1712,1738]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" refString="St. Clair, R. M. (1991) The genus Notalina (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae: Triplectidinae) in Southeastern Australia, with descriptions of the larvae and pupae. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 4, 895 - 934." type="journal article">St. Clair (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is valid for both subenera.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FC1AFAECFAEDF97D" box="[934,1297,1712,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsei" subGenus="Neonotalina">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FC1AFAECFBF1F97D" box="[934,1037,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Notalina</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FBA2FAECFB53F97D" box="[1054,1199,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Neonotalina</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FB7DFAECFAEDF97D" box="[1217,1297,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">morsei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae possess the secondary setation on the anal proleg synapomorphic for the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FB85FA84FB2BF946" box="[1081,1239,1752,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hudsonemini">Hudsonemini</taxonomicName>
|
||
as proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19217CD2CA25FFB3FF2BFB5CFE87F8AE" author="Holzenthal" box="[151,379,1792,1818]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" refString="Holzenthal, R. W. (1986 b) Studies in Neotropical Leptoceridae (Trichoptera), VI: Immature stages of Hudsonema flaminii (Navas) and the evolution and historical biogeography of Hudsonemini (Triplectidini). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 88, 268 - 279." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="b">Holzenthal (1986b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and observed in
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FDF9FB5CFD9DF8AD" box="[581,609,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">N.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FDCDFB5CFD2BF8AD" box="[625,727,1792,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FDCDFB5CFD2BF8AD" box="[625,727,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Notalina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19217CD2CA25FFB3FCD6FB5CFBD8F8AE" box="[874,1060,1792,1818]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" refString="St. Clair, R. M. (1991) The genus Notalina (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae: Triplectidinae) in Southeastern Australia, with descriptions of the larvae and pupae. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 4, 895 - 934." type="journal article">St. Clair (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Moreover,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FB0EFB5CFAD8F8AD" box="[1202,1316,1792,1818]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsei">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FB0EFB5CFB39F8AD" box="[1202,1221,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FB68FB5CFAD8F8AD" box="[1236,1316,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">morsei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses the 15 larval characters as described for the genus by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19217CD2CA25FFB3FC9EFB74FC1DF8F6" box="[802,993,1832,1858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" refString="St. Clair, R. M. (1991) The genus Notalina (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae: Triplectidinae) in Southeastern Australia, with descriptions of the larvae and pupae. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 4, 895 - 934." type="journal article">St. Clair (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, at present it is difficult to diagnosis solely the subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FE43FB0CFDEEF8DD" box="[511,530,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FD90FB0CFD41F8DD" box="[556,701,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Neonotalina</emphasis>
|
||
) because it is impossible to determine which of these characters occur throughout the subgenus or which are unique to the single known species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FB25FB24FAF2F825" box="[1177,1294,1912,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morsei">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FB25FB24FB50F825" box="[1177,1196,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FB02FB24FAF2F825" box="[1214,1294,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">morsei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Additional descriptions of the immature stages of other Neotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAB07AA0CA25FFB3FC8EFBFCFC65F80D" box="[818,921,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Leptoceridae" genus="Notalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC4DD31CA25FFB3FC8EFBFCFC65F80D" box="[818,921,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Notalina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
will answer this question.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |