285 lines
36 KiB
XML
285 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="04C157E5B79624AFFE83A39A970926ED" ID-CLB-Dataset="2793" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5084.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bd42fe03-1a35-4f17-b0fe-55b6ec7fdf80" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5800716" ID-ZooBank="53B21C11-CA12-480F-8048-1A0601784172" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1640238335522" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Melika, George, Nicholls, James A., Abrahamson, Warren G., Buss, Eileen A. & Stone, Graham N." docDate="2021" docId="03868785FFD0FFA5FF76FE1CFDAD7D58" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5084.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5084 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Neuroterus Hartig 1840" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="90" masterDocId="FFBFFFFDFF89FFFCFFE1FFE3FFE67B09" masterDocTitle="New species of Nearctic oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini)" masterLastPageNumber="131" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="90" updateTime="1699473059019" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
|
<mods:mods id="1940A077AF3C665FE57DC4701F728834" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="33E31E26C4A35E64BEA5DE50C3DF196E">
|
|
<mods:title id="42ACA82DD8CBE22463D15425A733418F">New species of Nearctic oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini)</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name id="D62806B00BEE0BE10884B936AD2D153F" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="08958C84744B872BC940C17090536AEF">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="F68EE6108850CB8159CC59596BC7879A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="A2BE85AA866695FA821D399D169699C2">Melika, George</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="0C4F07085D06662CABB60F732A279F7F" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="B628BC9495DC5DB85BA9804E51B2638C">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="DB2A5ACC8F0BA520179FE4A18D09F4C3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="12055EFEDDE763D5DE7A929965085A6F">Nicholls, James A.</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="314B60020EB86CAC0F86F728AC7E4F53" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9325-563X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DADBF0C01557FB1B554A88B54C5F7C6A" type="email">james.nicholls@csiro.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="33DB1DA7AAAC40E8EB68D44DC68F03A8" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="F4C0D76F837C0F416127833C8EA32A48">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="2B30CEB7C4F19953CC863C4714599972">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="BDBC5D5F5BD129E23C08B10B5FAAFB42">Abrahamson, Warren G.</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FFA71BBBE367A8711788FD396AB8B178" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3557-3613</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6956A8EF9969F5F90AC6BAA3F9FB025D" type="email">abrahmsn@bucknell.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="D817FF1B747D7C55068BD2528F6D5FA8" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="8E3F6528D322C6C0DF7C203139995A6F">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="8AF6B14E611A9D25141273ED6BCD6E60">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="B71E18BAC19BE7114D43571EC0D30DE6">Buss, Eileen A.</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D31A39DA44E18E8E3FD245D885F13FE6" type="email">eabuss@ufl.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="078868426FF1B633AE59B4393016AF38" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="7919822965A2D92F6E72509C696E4316">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="4618C0ED5039D71F7DAD6F7039C9370D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="E25C0731C32680F2652072EDE88E3046">Stone, Graham N.</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DCA92867ACC8F73364C84E229B24FD1B" type="ORCID">0000-0002-2737-696X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B6C586F1D82B0D632210F81A5F0B835D" type="email">gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="9FB82F232F35F163DF21C1034310E0B7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="8E0746C5E5B188F292E400A55F53E81A" type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="6DE541F7762852D593CF8292300EF617">
|
|
<mods:title id="D599CF85E1851C2BE9EC69DA734F8D95">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part id="F8A1D80BF2E385F5C6A70326CE1B4D4E">
|
|
<mods:date id="60513C83611129E81359218ED9A895F2">2021</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail id="46F33A18879A28FD81B12F8EDD9EA7F5" type="pubDate">
|
|
<mods:number id="50A17A531971116D0B4612E368981745">2021-12-23</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail id="C36CE0049F8554EF58145F442C54328C" type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number id="4E7B1273CDCFFB8015AD192AFF3B62AB">5084</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail id="E63CA1CAB9BEDA04E3507735A9489690" type="issue">
|
|
<mods:number id="39D560B7C4F95775193DA5D02E65869F">1</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent id="CC6738B99FDFB6915BEE8E1E9CC8FA44" unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start id="CAD54F991F48ED259E18066801F84174">1</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end id="4D23CE06C1634D5FEE8D9F7C0D62C327">131</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:classification id="D09DF851A5BEA8E4317077C413C8D911">journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="5E5793B76CCC2073AE4F1A0B9AE1302C" type="CLB-Dataset">2793</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="FFBEC3CAEB7686652F0A732150F68CD9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5084.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="D941A4D7DF91155045B056E55854209B" type="GBIF-Dataset">bd42fe03-1a35-4f17-b0fe-55b6ec7fdf80</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="8151E961DA4A3F9431A5E2691ADB96CA" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="F03CAA0B65CB87A9C6C246286E129CAA" type="Zenodo-Dep">5800716</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="B3AA688603C8A462AB46288CAC6EF0CF" type="ZooBank">53B21C11-CA12-480F-8048-1A0601784172</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment id="03868785FFD0FFA5FF76FE1CFDAD7D58" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6642245" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191881049" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6642245" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03868785FFD0FFA5FF76FE1CFDAD7D58" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03868785FFD0FFA5FF76FE1CFDAD7D58" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3356518FFD0FFA5FF76FE1CFE227911" box="[151,452,510,537]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph id="8B903693FFD0FFA5FF76FE1CFE227911" blockId="89.[151,452,510,537]" box="[151,452,510,537]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
|
<heading id="D0D881FFFFD0FFA5FF76FE1CFE227911" bold="true" box="[151,452,510,537]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" reason="4">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FF76FE1CFE227911" ID-CoL="63SL" ID-ENA="85109" authority="Hartig, 1840" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,452,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FF76FE1CFE227911" bold="true" box="[151,452,510,537]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FF76FE1CFEC67910" bold="true" box="[151,288,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Neuroterus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FEC6FE1DFE227911" author="Hartig, T." box="[295,452,510,536]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="322 - 358" refId="ref65272" refString="Hartig, T. (1840) Erster Nachtrag zur Naturgeschichte der Gallwespen. Zeitschrift fur Entomologie, Germar, 2, 322 - 358." type="journal article" year="1840">Hartig, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</heading>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3356518FFD0FFA5FF76FDA4FDC67E38" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph id="8B903693FFD0FFA5FF76FDA4FF0678AC" blockId="89.[151,1437,583,1617]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FF76FDA4FEF27969" ID-CoL="63SL" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,276,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FF76FDA4FEF27969" box="[151,276,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Neuroterus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has historically been a complex genus. As originally defined, species of this genus (including the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FF76FD88FEF2798D" ID-CoL="63SL" authority="Hartig, 1840" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,276,619,644]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FF76FD88FEF2798D" box="[151,276,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Neuroterus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species described here) have a mesonotum that is thinner and more weakly sclerotized than is typical for other cynipid genera and the transscutal articulation is absent, either partially (in its median section) or entirely. As a result of the fusion of the mesoscutum (which is slightly invaginated medially) and mesoscutellum, the boundary between these structures is not straight but slightly curved towards the mesoscutum; in addition, the mesoscutum is emarginate posterolaterally and slightly elevated above the dorsoaxillar area. In all other Nearctic
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FB09FD18FAAC781C" box="[1256,1354,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cynipini">Cynipini</taxonomicName>
|
|
genera the transscutal articulation is straight, as is the boundary between the mesoscutum posteriorly and mesoscutellum anteriorly; however, in some apterous Nearctic genera (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FCE4FCA0FC817854" ID-CoL="N8G" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1881" box="[773,871,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Acraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FCE4FCA0FC817854" box="[773,871,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Acraspis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FC94FCA0FB7C7854" ID-CoL="62FYJ" authority="Westwood, 1840" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1840" box="[885,1178,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Biorhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FC94FCA0FC337854" box="[885,981,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Biorhiza</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FC3DFCA0FB7C7854" author="Westwood, J. D." box="[988,1178,835,861]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref70832" refString="Westwood, J. D. (1840) An introduction to the modern classification of insects: founded on the natural habits and corresponding organisation of the different families. Longman, Orme, etc., London, 158 pp." type="book" year="1840">Westwood, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FB44FCA0FF347888" authority="Ashmead, 1897" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Phylloteras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FB44FCA0FAC07854" box="[1189,1318,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Phylloteras</emphasis>
|
|
Ashmead, 1897
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FF00FC84FDD37888" authority="Ashmead, 1897" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1897" box="[225,565,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Zopheroteras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FF00FC84FE917888" box="[225,375,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Zopheroteras</emphasis>
|
|
Ashmead, 1897
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) this articulation is present although very reduced (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FB73FC84FF3278AC" author="Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W. G." pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="150 - 190" refId="ref66509" refString="Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W. G. (2002) Review of the World Genera of Oak Cynipid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). In: Melika, G. & Thuroczy, C. (Eds.), Parasitic Wasps: Evolution, Systematics, Biodiversity and Biological Control. Agroinform, Budapest, pp. 150 - 190." type="book chapter" year="2002">Melika & Abrahamson 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B903693FFD0FFA5FF26FC4CFDC67E38" blockId="89.[151,1437,583,1617]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FF26FC4CFECF78C0" box="[199,297,943,969]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Elevated</emphasis>
|
|
heterogeneity within this genus was demonstrated by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FC6FFC4CFBC978C0" author="Kinsey, A. C." box="[910,1071,943,969]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 150" refId="ref65513" refString="Kinsey, A. C. (1923) The gall wasp genus Neuroterus (Hymenoptera). Indiana University Studies, 10 (58), 1 - 150." type="journal article" year="1923">Kinsey (1923)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
when he subdivided
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FAFEFC4CFA7A78C1" ID-CoL="63SL" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[1311,1436,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FAFEFC4CFA7A78C1" box="[1311,1436,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Neuroterus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
into six subgenera on the basis of adult morphology, geographic distribution, gall structure, and life cycles, underlining the fact that this group is biologically diverse and unlikely to be monophyletic. Additional Asian taxa were placed in this genus thus further increasing the heterogeneity (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FC9DFBF8FBFC7F3C" author="Monzen, K." box="[892,1050,1050,1077]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="24 - 38" refId="ref67145" refString="Monzen, K. (1954) Revision of the Japanese gall wasps with the descriptions of new genus, subgenus, species and subspecies (II) Cynipidae (Cynipinae) Hymenoptera. Annual Report of the Gakugei Faculty, Iwate University, 6, 24 - 38." type="journal article" year="1954">Monzen 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FBC3FBF8FB747F3F" author="Abe, Y." box="[1058,1170,1051,1078]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="288 - 295" refId="ref62894" refString="Abe, Y. (2006) Taxonomic status of the genus Trichagalma (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with description of the bisexual generation. In: Ozaki, K., Yukawa, J., Ohgushi, T. & Price, P. W. (Eds.), Galling arthropods and their associates. Springer, Tokyo, pp. 288 - 295." type="book chapter" year="2006">Abe 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), although the divergent subgenus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FEE6FBDCFD887F50" ID-CoL="72TD" authority="Kinsey, 1923" authorityName="Kinsey" authorityYear="1923" box="[263,622,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Pseudoneuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FEE6FBDCFE347F50" box="[263,466,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Pseudoneuroterus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FE3BFBDCFD887F50" author="Kinsey, A. C." box="[474,622,1087,1113]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 150" refId="ref65513" refString="Kinsey, A. C. (1923) The gall wasp genus Neuroterus (Hymenoptera). Indiana University Studies, 10 (58), 1 - 150." type="journal article" year="1923">Kinsey, 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was raised to full genus status by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FC17FBDCFAF67F50" author="Pujade-Villar, J. & Kovalev, O. & Liljeblad, J." box="[1014,1296,1087,1113]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="353 - 360" refId="ref69045" refString="Pujade-Villar, J., Kovalev, O. & Liljeblad, J. (2004) Status of Pseudoneuroterus Kinsey, 1923 and remarks on closely related genera (Hymenoptera, Cynipdiae). Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie, Nouvelle Serie, 20, 353 - 360." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
|
Pujade-Villar
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FB72FBDCFB237F50" box="[1171,1221,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2004
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Subsequent phylogenetic reconstructions strongly challenged the monophyly of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FC78FB80FBF07F75" ID-CoL="63SL" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[921,1046,1123,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FC78FB80FBF07F75" box="[921,1046,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Neuroterus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FBC4FB80FB0C7F74" author="Stone, G. N. & Hernandez-Lopez, A. & Nicholls, J. A. & di Pierro, E. & Pujade-Villar, J. & Melika, G. & Cook, J. M." box="[1061,1258,1123,1149]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="854 - 869" refId="ref69900" refString="Stone, G. N., Hernandez-Lopez, A., Nicholls, J. A., di Pierro, E., Pujade-Villar, J., Melika, G., & Cook, J. M. (2009) Extreme host plant conservatism during at least 20 million years of host plant pursuit by oak gallwasps. Evolution, 63, 854 - 869. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pbio. 1000179" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
|
Stone
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FB8FFB80FB477F74" box="[1134,1185,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2009
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FB17FB80FF357FA8" author="Liljeblad, J. & Ronquist, F. & Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. & Fontal-Cazalla, F. & Ros-Farre, P. & Gaitros, D. & Pujade-Villar, J." pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 73" refId="ref65715" refString="Liljeblad, J., Ronquist, F., Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Fontal-Cazalla, F., Ros-Farre, P., Gaitros, D. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2008) A fully web-illustrated morphological phylogenetic study of relationships among oak gall wasps and their closest relatives (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Zootaxa, 1796, 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
|
Liljeblad
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FA82FB80FA737F74" box="[1379,1429,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2008
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), prompting significant revision of some distinct lineages within the Palaearctic component of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FAFEFB64FA7A7FA9" ID-CoL="63SL" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[1311,1436,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FAFEFB64FA7A7FA9" box="[1311,1436,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Neuroterus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
through creation or re-establishment of the genera
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FD07FB48FB197FCC" authority="Melika & Pujade-Villar 2010" authorityName="Melika & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2010" box="[742,1279,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Cerroneuroterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FD07FB48FC467FCC" box="[742,928,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Cerroneuroterus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FC4BFB48FB197FCC" author="Pujade-Villar, J. & Romero-Rangel, S. & Chagoyan-Garcia, C. & Equihua-Martinez, A. & Estrada-Venegas, E. G. & Melika, G." box="[938,1279,1195,1221]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="16 - 28" refId="ref69322" refString="Pujade-Villar, J., Romero-Rangel, S., Chagoyan-Garcia, C., Equihua-Martinez, A., Estrada-Venegas, E. G. & Melika, G. (2010) A new genus of oak gallwasps, Kinseyella Pujade-Villar & Melika, with a description of a new species from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Zootaxa, 2335, 16 - 28." type="journal article" year="2010">Melika & Pujade-Villar 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FAECFB48FEFC7FE0" ID-CoL="7Z3C" authority="Mayr, 1907" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Trichagalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FAECFB48FA7A7FCC" box="[1293,1436,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Trichagalma</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FF76FB2CFEFC7FE0" author="Mayr, G." box="[151,282,1231,1257]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="3 - 7" refId="ref66113" refString="Mayr, G. (1907) Zwei Cynipiden. Marcellia, 6, 3 - 7." type="journal article" year="1907">Mayr, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FEB3FB2CFD8B7FE0" authority="Monzen, 1954" authorityName="Monzen" authorityYear="1954" box="[338,621,1230,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Latuspina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FEB3FB2CFE247FE1" box="[338,450,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Latuspina</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FE2BFB2CFD8B7FE0" author="Monzen, K." box="[458,621,1230,1257]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="24 - 38" refId="ref67145" refString="Monzen, K. (1954) Revision of the Japanese gall wasps with the descriptions of new genus, subgenus, species and subspecies (II) Cynipidae (Cynipinae) Hymenoptera. Annual Report of the Gakugei Faculty, Iwate University, 6, 24 - 38." type="journal article" year="1954">Monzen, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FD9DFB2CFCB57FE0" author="Melika, G. & Pujade-Villar, J. & Abe, Y. & Tang, C. - T. & Nicholls, J. & Wachi, N. & Ide, T. & Yang, M. M. & Penzes, Z. & Csoka, G. & Stone, G. N." box="[636,851,1231,1257]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 79" refId="ref66698" refString="Melika, G., Pujade-Villar, J., Abe, Y., Tang, C. - T., Nicholls, J., Wachi, N., Ide, T., Yang, M. M., Penzes, Z., Csoka, G. & Stone, G. N. (2010) Palaearctic oak gallwasps galling oaks (Quercus) in the section Cerris: re-appraisal of generic limits, with descriptions of new genera and species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Zootaxa, 2470, 1 - 79." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
|
Melika
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FD34FB2CFCEE7FE0" box="[725,776,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2010
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). However, molecular data show that even the most recent definition of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FE9DFB10FE1F7E05" ID-CoL="63SL" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[380,505,1267,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FE9DFB10FE1F7E05" box="[380,505,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Neuroterus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is still not monophyletic (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FCCAFB10FC137E04" author="Stone, G. N. & Hernandez-Lopez, A. & Nicholls, J. A. & di Pierro, E. & Pujade-Villar, J. & Melika, G. & Cook, J. M." box="[811,1013,1267,1293]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="854 - 869" refId="ref69900" refString="Stone, G. N., Hernandez-Lopez, A., Nicholls, J. A., di Pierro, E., Pujade-Villar, J., Melika, G., & Cook, J. M. (2009) Extreme host plant conservatism during at least 20 million years of host plant pursuit by oak gallwasps. Evolution, 63, 854 - 869. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pbio. 1000179" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
|
Stone
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FC97FB10FC4C7E04" box="[886,938,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2009
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FBE2FB10FB0D7E04" author="Nicholls, J. A. & Melika, G. & Stone, G. N." box="[1027,1259,1267,1293]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="67 - 77" refId="ref67402" refString="Nicholls, J. A., Melika, G. & Stone, G. N. (2017) Sweet tetra-trophic interactions: multiple evolution of nectar secretion, a defensive extended phenotype in cynipid gallwasps. American Naturalist, 189, 67 - 77. https: // doi. org / 10.5061 / dryad. bj 82 r." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
|
Nicholls
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FB8DFB10FB467E04" box="[1132,1184,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2017
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FB18FB10FF067E38" author="Nicholls, J. A. & Melika, G. & Demartini, J. & Stone, G. N." pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="407 - 433" refId="ref67329" refString="Nicholls, J. A., Melika, G., Demartini, J. & Stone, G. N. (2018 b) New species of Dryocosmus Giraud gallwasps from California (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) galling Chrysolepis Hjelmq. (Fagaceae). Zootaxa, 4532 (3), 407 - 433. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4532.3.6" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
|
Nicholls
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FA83FB10FA737E04" box="[1378,1429,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2018b
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FF0DFAF4FDF57E38" author="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. & Nicholls, J. A. & Tang, C. - T. & Melika, G. & Stone, G. N. & Pujade-Villar, J. & Buffington, M. & Maldonado, Y. & Medianero, E." box="[236,531,1303,1329]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="205 - 232" refId="ref67623" refString="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Nicholls, J. A., Tang, C. - T., Melika, G., Stone, G. N., Pujade-Villar, J., Buffington, M., Maldonado, Y. & Medianero, E. (2021) Re-description and systematic re-appraisal of the genus Kokkocynips Pujade-Villar & Melika, (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including new combinations of Nearctic species and the description of a new species from Panama. Zootaxa, 4938 (2), 205 - 232. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4938.2.3" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
|
Nieves-Aldrey
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FE79FAF4FE2F7E38" box="[408,457,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2021
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3356518FFD0FFA5FF26FAD8FDAD7D58" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="8B903693FFD0FFA5FF26FAD8FDAD7D58" blockId="89.[151,1437,583,1617]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
|
Currently just over 50 species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FDD9FAD8FD537E5D" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[568,693,1339,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FDD9FAD8FD537E5D" box="[568,693,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Neuroterus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are known from America north of
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3387603FFD0FFA5FBD9FAD8FB687E5C" box="[1080,1166,1339,1365]" name="Mexico" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|
and a further 15 species from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3387603FFD0FFA5FF37FABCFECA7E70" box="[214,300,1375,1401]" name="Mexico" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|
and central America (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FDC9FABCFD5A7E70" author="Kinsey, A. C." box="[552,700,1375,1401]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="261 - 280" refId="ref65680" refString="Kinsey, A. C. (1938) New Mexican gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae). IV. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science, 47, 261 - 280." type="journal article" year="1938">Kinsey 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FD28FABCFCA97E70" author="Burks, B. D." box="[713,847,1375,1401]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref64064" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D. Jr., Smith, D. R. & Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107." type="book" year="1979">Burks 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FCBCFABCFC3F7E70" author="Lyon, R. J." box="[861,985,1375,1401]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="289 - 296" refId="ref65863" refString="Lyon, R. J. (1984) New cynipid wasps from California (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 60 (4), 289 - 296." type="journal article" year="1984">Lyon 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FC06FABCFADC7E70" author="Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W. G." box="[999,1338,1375,1401]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="560 - 573" refId="ref66333" refString="Melika, G. & Abrahamson, W. G. (1997 a) Descriptions of four new species of cynipid gall wasps of the genus Neuroterus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with redescriptions of some known species from the Eastern USA. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99 (3), 560 - 573." type="journal article" year="1997">Melika & Abrahamson 1997a</bibRefCitation>
|
|
; Pujade-Villar
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FF3FFA60FEE97E94" box="[222,271,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2015a, 2016, 2017c, 2018b;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FDBDFA60FC4A7E94" author="Pujade-Villar, J. & Hanson, P." box="[604,940,1411,1437]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="139 - 145" refId="ref68855" refString="Pujade-Villar, J. & Hanson, P. (2021) Neuroterus titou n. sp. from Costa Rica (Cynipidae: Cynipini). Butlleti de la Institucio Catalana d'Historia Natural, 85 (3), 139 - 145." type="journal article" year="2021">Pujade-Villar & Hanson 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FC59FA60FAD87E94" author="Medianero, E. & Nieves-Aldrey, J. L." box="[952,1342,1411,1437]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="057" refId="ref66195" refString="Medianero, E. & Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (2017) First record of the oak gall wasp genus Neuroterus Hartig, 1840 (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) from Central America with description of three new species from Panama and Costa Rica. Graellsia, 73, e 057." type="journal article" year="2017">Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Nearly all of these species induce galls on
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FDCBFA44FD6E7EC8" box="[554,648,1447,1473]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FDCBFA44FD6E7EC8" box="[554,648,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Quercus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
section
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FD09FA44FCA07EC8" box="[744,838,1447,1473]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FD09FA44FCA07EC8" box="[744,838,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Quercus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
with the exception of one species with its host plant in section
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FEF0FA28FE4E7EEC" box="[273,424,1483,1509]" class="Malacostraca" genus="Protobalanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FEF0FA28FE4E7EEC" box="[273,424,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Protobalanus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, four species that gall hosts in section
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FC92FA28FC2B7EED" box="[883,973,1483,1508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Virentes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FC92FA28FC2B7EED" box="[883,973,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Virentes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and a single species galling the section Ponticae; the latter two oak sections were recently split out from a broader definition of section
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FB5FFA0CFAFA7D00" box="[1214,1308,1519,1545]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FB5FFA0CFAFA7D00" box="[1214,1308,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Quercus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B62FFD0FFA5FAA4FA0CFEEF7D24" author="Denk, T. & Grimm, G. W. & Manos, P. S. & Deng, M. & Hipp, A. L." pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref64765" refString="Denk, T., Grimm, G. W., Manos, P. S., Deng, M. & Hipp, A. L. (2017) An updated infrageneric classification of the oaks: review of previous taxonomic schemes and synthesis of evolutionary patterns. In: Gil-Pelegrin, E., Peguero-Pina, J. & Sancho- Knapik, D. (Eds.), Oaks Physiological Ecology. Exploring the Functional Diversity of Genus Quercus L. Tree Physiology. Vol. 7. Springer, Cham, pp. 13 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 69099 - 5 _ 2" type="book" year="2017">
|
|
Denk
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FA69FA0CFF4B7D24" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. (2017)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Herein we describe seven new species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FD0AF9F0FC8E7D25" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[747,872,1555,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FD0AF9F0FC8E7D25" box="[747,872,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Neuroterus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, six of which are associated with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FB06F9F0FAA37D24" box="[1255,1349,1555,1581]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FB06F9F0FAA37D24" box="[1255,1349,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Quercus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
section
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FF76F9D4FF137D58" box="[151,245,1591,1617]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FF76F9D4FF137D58" box="[151,245,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Quercus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and one with section
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D10FFD0FFA5FE0BF9D4FDA27D59" box="[490,580,1591,1616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Virentes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95BEA81FFD0FFA5FE0BF9D4FDA27D59" box="[490,580,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Virentes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |