375 lines
33 KiB
XML
375 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.845.32428" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3733ef1e-8696-44f1-99d7-d473c509608c" ID-PMC="PMC6531415" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-845-1" ID-PubMed="31148919" ID-ZBK="F05BDFEC4C4A4F2296854AC2655B973D" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1313-2970-845-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 845" ModsDocTitle="Systematic re-structure and new species of Sphaerodoridae (Annelida) after morphological revision and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the North East Atlantic fauna" checkinTime="1557997611963" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Capa, Maria, Nygren, Arne, Parapar, Julio, Bakken, Torkild, Meissner, Karin & Moreira, Juan" docDate="2019" docId="4998E297A1565CD0E0D6FB4F1D072D9E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 845: 1-97" docOrigin="ZooKeys 845" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.845.32428" docTitle="Sphaerodoridium celiae Moreira, Capa & Parapar, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="DDFF262D-F131-4DC3-8A3B-68362EF256ED" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="71" masterDocId="E3517C1098370D65FFC6FFB27231221C" masterDocTitle="Systematic re-structure and new species of Sphaerodoridae (Annelida) after morphological revision and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the North East Atlantic fauna" masterLastPageNumber="97" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="66" updateTime="1668167250643" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Systematic re-structure and new species of Sphaerodoridae (Annelida) after morphological revision and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the North East Atlantic fauna</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Capa, Maria</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nygren, Arne</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Parapar, Julio</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bakken, Torkild</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Meissner, Karin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Moreira, Juan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>845</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>97</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.845.32428</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.845.32428</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-845-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">F05BDFEC4C4A4F2296854AC2655B973D</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F05BDFEC4C4A4F2296854AC2655B973D</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="157167820" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DDFF262D-F131-4DC3-8A3B-68362EF256ED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4998E297A1565CD0E0D6FB4F1D072D9E" lastPageId="70" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<subSubSection pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/DDFF262D-F131-4DC3-8A3B-68362EF256ED" authority="Moreira, Capa & Parapar" class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium celiae" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="celiae">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="65" pageNumber="66" start="start">Sphaerodoridium</pageBreakToken>
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celiae Moreira, Capa & Parapar
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="65" pageNumber="66">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 5U, 23E, F, 25, 26, 27A
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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NW Iceland,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="67.512665">67°30.76'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-24.167166">24°10.03'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1012 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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Type series: Holotype: IINH 38817, Iceland,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="67.512">67°30.72'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-24.167166">24°10.03'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1012 m, 25 Aug 1999. Paratypes (535 specs).: IINH 38795 (6 specs on SEM stub),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="63.143333">63°08.60'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-22.246666">22°14.80'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 248 m, 30 June 1996; IINH 38796 (1 spec.),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="67.004166">67°0.25'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-17.416834">17°25.01'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 248 m, 10 July 1994; IINH 38797 (1 spec.),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="67.93183">67°55.91'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-15.354834">15°21.29'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1098 m, 13 July 1994; IINH 38798 (3 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="66.83667">66°50.20'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-16.262333">16°15.74'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 227 m, 15 July 1994; IINH 38799 (2 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="66.732">66°43.92'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-16.842333">16°50.54'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 150 m, 15 July 1994; IINH 38800 (1 spec.),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="68.01884">68°01.13'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-20.654667">20°39.28'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 970 m, 31 July 1995; IINH 38801 (34 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="63.25">63°15.00'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-17.99">17°59.40'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 175 m, 24 Aug 1995; IINH 38802 (26 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="63.502">63°30.12'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-17.701166">17°42.07'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 120 m, 25 Aug 1995; IINH 38803 (20 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="63.417667">63°25.06'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-16.84">16°50.40'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 272 m, 25 Aug 1995; IINH 38804 (22 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="62.336166">62°20.17'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-16.99">16°59.40'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 2074 m, 28 Aug 1995; IINH 38805 (6 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="65.35367">65°21.22'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-27.423834">27°25.43'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 513 m, 24 Aug 1996; IINH 38806 (19 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="65.519">65°31.14'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-26.2185">26°13.11'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 157 m, 28 Aug 1996; IINH 38807 (25 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="65.665">65°39.90'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-26.188833">26°11.33'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 166 m, 28 Aug 1996; IINH 38808 (5 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="65.703">65°42.18'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-25.283167">25°16.99'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 160 m, 29 Aug 1996; IINH 38809 (31 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="65.1335">65°08.01'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-23.602833">23°36.17'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 120 m, 30 Aug 1996; IINH 38810 (207 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="63.76">63°45.60'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-14.843333">14°50.60'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 216 m, 5 July 1997; IINH 38811 (33 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="67.18367">67°11.02'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-21.761333">21°45.68'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 230 m, 21 Aug 1999; IINH 38812 (42 specs); IINH 38813 (9 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="66.1705">66°10.23'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-12.015667">12°00.94'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 243 m, 14 July 2001; IINH 38814 (11 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="65.839">65°50.34'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-12.021167">12°01.27'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 192 m, 14 July 2001; IINH 38815 (1 spec.),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="68.015335">68°00.92'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-9.246333">009°14.78'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1727 m, 16 July 2004; IINH 38816 (30 specs),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="66.52367">66°31.42'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-20.944834">20°56.69'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 200 m, 27 July 2004.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Additional material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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(17 specs) Barents Sea: ZMBN 127338 (1 spec.), Finnmark
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="71.2755">71°16.53'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="27.015667">27°0.94'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 278 m, 16 Apr 2011; ZMBN 127336, (1 spec. used for DNA sequencing, SPH 279), Finnmark,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="71.3377">71°20.262'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="25.2195">25°13.17'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 297 m, 23 Apr 2011. ZMBN 127337 (1 spec. used for DNA sequencing, SPH013), Finnmark
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="71.2755">71°16.53'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="27.015667">27°0.94'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 278 m, 16 Apr 2011; Skagerrak: ZMBN 127335 (4 spec.),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="58.587566">58°35.254'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="10.32325">10°19.395'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 274 m, 14 May 2009; ZMBN 127334 (3 spec.),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="58.56325">58°33.795'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="10.395416">10°23.725'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 254 m, 14 May 2009; ZMBN 103136 (1 spec. used for DNA sequencing, SPH008),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="58.587566">58°35.254'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="10.32325">10°19.395'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 274 m, 14 May 2009; ZMBN 127333 (1 spec. used for DNA sequencing, SPH014.), Skagerrak
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="58.56325">58°33.795'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="10.395416">10°23.725'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 254 m, 14 May 2009; ZMBN 125434 (1 spec. used for DNA sequencing, SPH316 photographed alive, Fig. 27A),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="58.51222">58°30.733'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="10.418484">10°25.109'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 275 m, 14 May 2009; ZMBN 127339 (1 spec. used for DNA sequencing, SPH317),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="58.51222">58°30.733'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="10.418484">10°25.109'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 275 m, 14 May 2009; ZMBN 127340 (1 spec. used for DNA sequencing, SPH318),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="58.51222">58°30.733'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="10.418484">10°25.109'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 275 m, 14 May 2009; ZMBN 127341 (1 spec. used for DNA sequencing, SPH319),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="58.51222">58°30.733'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="10.418484">10°25.109'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 275 m, 14 May 2009.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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Body ellipsoid with strongly convex dorsum and flat ventrum, up to 6 mm long. Median antenna and head appendages digitiform, elongated. Median antenna smooth, shorter than other head appendages. Lateral antennae and palps similar,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="66" pageNumber="67" start="start">with</pageBreakToken>
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4-10 papillae (spurs) on proximal half. Antenniform papillae absent. Tentacular cirri digitiform, with 2-3 elongated papillae on proximal third. Dorsal macrotubercles stalked, without terminal papilla, arranged in 10-12 longitudinal rows in mid-body chaetigers; stalk half as long as tubercle, with 0-1 small papilla on proximal half. Dorsum with up to additional 50-60 spherical-oval papillae with short stalk, in front of each row of macrotubercles, somewhat arranged in 3-4 irregular transverse rows roughly following a zig-zag pattern. Ventrum with ca. 20 papillae per segment in mid-body, arranged in at least four more or less defined transverse rows in a zig-zag pattern. Parapodia with digitiform acicular lobe from chaetiger 3; large ventral cirri, not surpassing the length of acicular lobe; mid-body parapodia with 7-8 papillae. Chaetae blades showing slight gradation in length between chaetigers, slightly shorter in posterior chaetigers; ca. 8-9 times longer than maximum width.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Measurements and general morphology. Holotype 5.5 mm long, 0.8&nbsp;mm wide; with 29 segments (Figs 25A, 27A). Body ellipsoid with strongly convex dorsum and flat ventrum. Segmentation not distinct. Pigmentation absent (Fig. 27A).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Head. Prostomium with five digitiform elongated appendages, including a pair of palps and lateral antennae, similar in size and shape, and a shorter median antenna (Fig. 25C, D). Lateral antennae and palps with ca. 8-10 papillae (spurs) on proximal half. Tentacular cirri shorter than lateral antennae and palps, with three papillae on proximal third. Many rounded to digitiform small papillae scattered around head appendages (Fig. 25C, D).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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Figure 25.
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium celiae" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="celiae">Sphaerodoridium celiae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., line drawings (holotype, IINH 38817,: A, B,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–K">E-K</normalizedToken>
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; paratype, IINH 38812: C, D). A Anterior end, dorsal view B macrotubercles, chaetigers 7 and 19 C, D anterior end, dorsal and lateral view, respectively
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–J">E-J</normalizedToken>
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parapodia E chaetiger 1, left side, ventral view F chaetiger 2, left side, ventral view G chaetiger 4, left side, ventral view H chaetiger 9, right side, ventral view I&nbsp;chaetiger 11, right side, dorsal view J chaetiger 23, right side, ventral view K posterior end, ventral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
|
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<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Tubercles. First chaetiger with 12 dorsal macrotubercles (Fig. 25A); following chaetigers each with one transverse row of 12 (sometimes 11 or 13) dorsal macrotubercles, last chaetiger with ten macrotubercles. Macrotubercles spherical to club-shaped with a stalk near half-length of macrotubercle; first six chaetigers with smooth stalk, from chaetiger 7 backwards stalk provided with small basal papilla (Figs 25B, 26B); all macrotubercles mostly similar in shape and size (Fig. 23E). Additional spherical-oval papillae in different sizes over dorsum, with short stalk, somewhat arranged in 3-4 irregular transverse rows per chaetiger roughly following a zig-zag pattern; ranging from 40 to 60 papillae on each mid-body chaetiger (Fig. 23E). Ventral surface with spherical papillae with short stalk, arranged in four transverse rows in a zig-zag pattern, with ca. 20 papillae per segment in mid-body; numbers decreasing towards posterior end (Figs 23F, 26C).</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
Figure 26.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium celiae" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="celiae">Sphaerodoridium celiae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. (IINH 38795), scanning electron micrographs. A Anterior end, dorsal view B macrotubercle and stalk, detail C mid-body chaetigers, ventral view D parapodia, mid-body chaetigers, ventral view E parapodium, mid-body chaetiger, dorsal view F parapodia, mid-body chaetigers, ventro-lateral view G parapodium, mid-body chaetigers, detail of ventral cirrus and chaetae disposition H chaetal fascicle, mid-body chaetiger I chaetae, detail of shaft J chaetae, detail of blades.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
Parapodia. Parapodia sub-conical, increasing in size towards chaetiger 3-4 (Fig. 25
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–G">E-G</normalizedToken>
|
||
), ca. 2-2.5 times longer than wide, some with wrinkled appearance (Figs 25E, 26
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–G">D-G</normalizedToken>
|
||
). Acicular lobe anterior to chaetae, digitiform, longer than parapodial papillae and projecting distally (Figs 25
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–J">G-J</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 26G). Ventral cirri digitiform projecting 1/2 to 2/3 as long as acicular lobe on anterior mid-body segments, almost as long as in posterior segments (Figs 25I, J, 26
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–G">D-G</normalizedToken>
|
||
). First three chaetigers with parapodia provided with 3-5 spherical to clavate papillae: one on antero-dorsal surface, one on antero-lateral surface, one on medio-ventral surface, and two on posterior surface opposite to acicular lobe (Fig. 25E, F); following chaetigers through mid-body with up to three additional papillae: one on posterior surface opposite to acicular lobe, one on antero-lateral/lateral surface and one on ventro-basal position (Fig. 5U); last 3-4 chaetigers lacking some of aforementioned papillae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="67" pageNumber="68" start="start">Chaetae</pageBreakToken>
|
||
. All parapodia with 8-10 compound chaetae, arranged in a curved transverse row around acicular lobe (Figs 5U, 26G, H). Shaft distal end with thin spinulation (Fig. 26I). Serrated, long blades, 8-9 times longer than maximum width, with a curved tip (Fig. 26H, J), blades slightly shorter in posterior chaetigers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Pygidium. Pygidium terminal, with one mid-ventral digitiform anal cirrus projecting beyond last parapodia, flanked by four spherical papillae (2+2) and one pair of clavate anal cirri at base (Fig. 25K).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Internal features. Eyes not discernible in holotype. Pharynx extending over three chaetigers.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
Reproductive features. Sexual structures or genital pores not observed in holotype. Several oblong eggs visible by transparency ca. 170
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
Figure 27. Photographs of live specimens, dorsal view. A
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium celiae" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="celiae">Sphaerodoridium celiae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., from Skagerrak (ZMBN 125434, SPH 316) B, C
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium minutum" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minutum">Sphaerodoridium cf. minutum</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the UK (ZMBN 127346 SPH 320, ZMBN 127347 SPH 321, respectively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
Paratypes measuring 1.1-6.0 mm long, 0.4-0.9 mm wide, with 16-30 chaetigers. Most specimens measuring ca. 2-4 mm in length, 0.4-0.7 mm in width
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="68" pageNumber="69" start="start">with</pageBreakToken>
|
||
20-25 chaetigers. Two dark dorsal eyes behind lateral antennae observed in many paratypes. Some variation occurring in number of papillae and spurs on head appendages: lateral antennae and palps with at least four spurs and tentacular cirri with two short papillae near base. Macrotubercles numbering 7-11 on first chaetiger and usually 10-12 in mid-body. Small papilla at base of macrotubercle stalk not distinguished in all specimens, not related to size or degree of contraction of stalks or body. Short stalk of body papillae (dorsum and ventrum) not always distinguished. Variation in number and distribution of body, ventrum, and parapodial papillae similar to holotype. Pharynx extending over 3-4 chaetigers. Sexual dimorphism not observed in paratypes or additional material examined; several females with oocytes observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="70" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium celiae" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="celiae">Sphaerodoridium celiae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is characterized by the unique combination of following features: head appendages with up to ten spurs or basal papillae, 10-12
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="69" pageNumber="70" start="start">stalked</pageBreakToken>
|
||
macrotubercles per mid-body chaetiger, many body papillae among rows of macrotubercles (up to 50 per chaetiger), ventrum of each mid-body chaetiger with at least 20 papillae, and chaetae with blades up to 8-9 times as long as wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="70" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium minutum" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minutum">Sphaerodoridium cf. minutum</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from European waters (see below), also presents a similar range of variation in the number of macrotubercles, many dorsal additional papillae between consecutive rows of macrotubercles and ca. 20 papillae per chaetiger on ventrum. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium celiae" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="celiae">Sphaerodoridium celiae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. bears more dorsal papillae per chaetiger showing a more
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“crowded”">"crowded"</normalizedToken>
|
||
appearance (up to 50-60) and parapodial papillae are more numerous (7-8 vs. 3).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium guerritai" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="guerritai">Sphaerodoridium guerritai</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Sphaerodoridium</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="celiae" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" rank="species" species="celiae">celiae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. in general body appearance and size but dorsal body papillae are less numerous being dorsal side of chaetigers more
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“smooth”">"smooth"</normalizedToken>
|
||
; stalk of macrotubercles are usually provided with at least a small papilla (sometimes up to three) while in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium celiae" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="celiae">Sphaerodoridium celiae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. the presence of the only papilla is more variable across specimens or at least harder to distinguish. The number of parapodial papillae is similar between
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="70" pageNumber="71" start="start">both</pageBreakToken>
|
||
species but they differ in their distribution, mostly in the presence in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. guerritai" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="guerritai">S. guerritai</taxonomicName>
|
||
of one papilla on the anterior lateral surface that is lacking in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium celiae" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="celiae">Sphaerodoridium celiae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.; the former presents, in turn, one anterior papilla that is present instead on the dorsal surface (cf. Fig. 5U).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
|
||
The three species recently described from Arctic waters (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. evgenovi" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="evgenovi">S. evgenovi</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gagaev, 2015;
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. kolchaki" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="kolchaki">S. kolchaki</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gagaev, 2015;
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. kupetskii" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="kupetskii">S. kupetskii</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gagaev, 2015) also present up to 10-14 macrotubercles per chaetiger and dorsal body papillae. However, the original description does not mention explicitly how many papillae are between two consecutive rows of macrotubercles. Furthermore, the drawings of the stalk of the macrotubercles of the three species show a small basal papilla that is not mentioned in the description, and is similar to that present in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. guerritai" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="guerritai">S. guerritai</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Sphaerodorodium" lsidName="Sphaerodorodium celiae" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="celiae">Sphaerodorodium celiae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. The aforementioned species differ, however, from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sphaerodoridae" genus="Sphaerodoridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerodoridium celiae" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="celiae">Sphaerodoridium celiae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. in the number and distribution of parapodial papillae (only 2-3). On the other hand,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gagaev, SY" journalOrPublisher="Russian Journal of Marine Biology" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="244 - 249" title="Three new species of Sphaerodoridium (Polychaeta: Sphaerodoridae) from the Arctic Ocean." url="https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063074015040082" volume="41" year="2015">Gagaev (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
characterizes
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. evgenovi" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="evgenovi">S. evgenovi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. kolchaki" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="kolchaki">S. kolchaki</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. kupetskii" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="kupetskii">S. kupetskii</taxonomicName>
|
||
according to the relative length of anal cirri, macrotubercle stalk and body length but these characters may show variation according to the state of contraction of specimens. Otherwise, they are morphologically close to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. guerritai" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="guerritai">S. guerritai</taxonomicName>
|
||
and a comparative review of the four species would be desirable (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Capa, M" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="1 - 32" title="Sphaerodoridae (Annelida) of the deep Northwestern Atlantic, including remarkable new species of Euritmia and Sphaerephesia." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.615.9530.figure1" volume="615" year="2016 b">Capa et al. 2016b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">This new species is dedicated to Celia Moreira, in regard of her support and friendship to her brother, JM.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Around Iceland and coastal Norwegian waters from the Skagerrak in the south to Finnmark in the north.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="habitat">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Soft bottoms, from gravelly sand to silt, at depths of 120-2074 m.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |