348 lines
34 KiB
XML
348 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="27222" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ea34267-96fa-4df6-a700-49c1b357afba" ID-PMC="PMC6277488" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-112-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" ID-PubMed="30524186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911101" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2003-112-1" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 112" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species" checkinTime="1555330596787" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pirie, Michael D., Chatrou, Lars W. & Maas, Paul J. M." docDate="2018" docId="DC84576B9BF4EEBDDC74E5D600BAB456" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 112: 1-141" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 112" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897" docTitle="Cremastosperma panamense Maas 1986" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" id="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species" masterLastPageNumber="141" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732669504701" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="70342A58510A32A4F5957B7F0F53B0B4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9A22C424BEDD3140B6AAAF87672FF2AF">
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<mods:title id="6C1FDA71EA18147ECB5221D9BF567C24">A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="6C66BCEE918CD01F3AB6509D46736975" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="27E89BB69DC9D2967E52CC810BD8955C">Pirie, Michael D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F11E4417DF9B82B7EF929DEBE7A5B4DE">Chatrou, Lars W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="66ABB181808CA9F1C1458C6CC867F35E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="927FB83FD802B7AE51DF29B79FAC2E76">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AE77B28BC3D191701CB1DF4C4D66E1AF">Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FB2019070C2E05558305F229DED9052D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="C31142E441F85021190897906042D6E6">
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<mods:title id="22A993F5F4736D06B23C37F9BEFB7E1F">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="5CA4F02E7AF3E593A8420DAA1D758FE6">
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<mods:date id="3C26C18EB08103B891B11EFB5CECCAE5">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="20C9050D79E2F635B8F22533701CAA4A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="651EE64F799948F91608F1BB08678168">112</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D23AE7F4A54FEDF76E746C7299A014C4">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="6D041FED6D578BF94D868DFFA4662B5D">141</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="3FAFFCE06EB7CA82A68CCE1CBFBF2A54">
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<mods:url id="1668B917B9191040829FA7B7BA19018B">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="C5ABEE47A005DE2F7C30A408823510E8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D92546CCA1C85C843E995139B94ED6C5" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F162856B24E31E1BAF3AECBD020AAADC" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-112-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6FA9ECCC1A788057E808EB1660174C0F" type="Zenodo-Dep">1911101</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="DC84576B9BF4EEBDDC74E5D600BAB456" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156201236" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DC84576B9BF4EEBDDC74E5D600BAB456" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DC84576B9BF4EEBDDC74E5D600BAB456" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Annonaceae">
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<subSubSection id="5380746072F33C6687C2D4CE1784ADC4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E3EF54FA1B5EEFCAA07D4B716FB57DEE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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27.
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<taxonomicName id="9EBAD51D4510295F908CA5B9DF7B99CF" ID-CoL="ZBCT" LSID="DC84576B-9BF4-EEBD-DC74-E5D600BAB456" authority="Maas" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">Cremastosperma panamense Maas</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="F7C9B5BC843EAE7780B377E86A472457" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 36. Cremastosperma panamense Maas. a fruiting specimen b flowers (a Johnston 1812 b Perez 832)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245346" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 36a, b</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="ACBE5C3DAAAA63D9F20920BA48BB8E5D" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Illustrations of diagnostic characters used in the identification key to species of Cremastosperma, by Hendrik Rypkema, adapted from Pirie et al. (2005). Leaf shape: a acuminate b caudate. Flower buds: c with open development d loosely open e flower bud with closed development, depressed ovoid f flower bud with closed development, broadly ovoid-triangular g the unique pattern of indument on the petals of C. awaense. Monocarp shape h narrowly ellipsoid, symmetrical i globose, symmetrical j strongly asymmetrical." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245290" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="EECA5B64954C38C04E6856DBE2ADF788" captionStart="Map 2" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Map 2. Distribution of Cremastosperma alticola Pirie & Chatrou, C. antioquense Pirie, C. chococola Pirie, C. dolichopodum Pirie & Maas, C. longipes Pirie, C. novogranatense R. E. Fr., C. osicola Pirie & Chatrou, C. panamense Maas and C. stenophyllum Pirie" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.map2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245291" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Map 2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FDA1C5705D157F40697E6B1CE713B90F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="2DBF34798BA60677EEF1F99EBE2FDFD8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="67136CF9380DA664BF2A01A7E94B33E3" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">Cremastosperma panamense</taxonomicName>
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Maas, Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. Ser. C 89: 254, f. 5 & 6.1986.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7717A3EEF415A95B2326D9CCEC9FC6D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="A5750CEBC4E6663F0E2A2AD05CCC3C8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A29659127211AAF541C061F2C3905F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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PANAMA. Canal Zone: NW part of Canal Zone, area W of Limon Bay, Gatun Locks and Gatun Lake, Maru Towers, 7 Apr 1956,
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<emphasis id="EC4CA9E1A78BC30B493F36EBDD777433" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Johnston, I.M. 1812</emphasis>
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(holotype: MO! [MO-047502]; isotypes: A! [00072231], MICH! [MICH1256197]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="43DCB259A067808FFBB723FE3B918559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="484024C24829C66FE4B323091122F03C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1B1DDA22EFC70EAC24C057F9BB83B521" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="3FF4B836869964A75E732F3D1AC802A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tree</emphasis>
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or
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<emphasis id="ADAC6CE99FBC4F1061035E06F04EE77D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">shrub</emphasis>
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1.5
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<normalizedToken id="440C619BF67762EEA8F4962CABD496A5" originalValue="–7(–">-7(-</normalizedToken>
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20) m tall, 3-10 cm diam.; young twigs and petioles glabrous.
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<emphasis id="5F3A827DCBA10AEDF714FC67D34A430C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
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: petioles 2-10 by 1-2.5 mm, caniculate above, verrucose or furrowed; lamina narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 8-22 by 2-7 cm (index 2.7-4.7), chartaceous, green, brownish-green or greyish-green (or brown) above, (pale) green, (pale) brownish-green (or brown) below, shiny on both sides, glabrous on both sides, base acute to obtuse, decurrent, rarely narrowly cuneate, apex acuminate (acumen 5-25 mm long), primary vein occasionally shallowly grooved at the base, 1-1.5 mm wide at widest point, verrucose below, secondary veins 5-10, intersecondary veins 1-4, distance between from 5-20 mm at the base to 15-25 mm closer to the apex, angles with primary vein from 35
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<normalizedToken id="B01D545F766D47462AC68DFFC356B4D2" originalValue="–55(–">-55(-</normalizedToken>
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70)° at the base to 60-75° closer to the apex, not branching, forming mostly distinct loops, smallest distance between loops and margin 2-5 mm, tertiary veins largely reticulate.
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<emphasis id="4E059CB9CF5980C8326DD0C4B5F9B11E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
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of single, solitary flowers, on leafy or leafless twigs; peduncles 1-3 by 0.5-1 mm (in flower), 1-3 by 1.5-2 mm (in fruit), sparsely covered with erect whitish to golden hairs to 0.1 mm long; pedicels 12-20 by 0.5-0.8 mm at the base (in flower), 13-22 by 1-2 mm (in fruit), glabrous; (1
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<normalizedToken id="B3E19C94698FB2D183B29E6736BEFEE6" originalValue="–)2–">-)2-</normalizedToken>
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3(-several) lower bract(s), deltate, ca. 0.5 by 0.5 mm, obtuse, mostly soon falling off, sparsely covered with erect whitish to golden hairs to 0.1 mm long; upper bract halfway along the pedicel, ovate to depressed ovate, 1-1.5 by 0.7-1mm, acute, obtuse or emarginate, glabrous; closed flower buds very broadly ovoid, opening in development; flowers green when immature, maturing to white, cream, or (pale) yellow
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<emphasis id="AEB9FBA4CEC9768761E683737AC12E64" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
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, yellow brown, dark brown or blackish brown
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<emphasis id="530DA4DA509E72C8EAF545B7BFD40F87" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
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, sepals and petals glabrous; sepals free, broadly to very broadly ovate, appressed or patent, 1.5-3 by 1.5-3 mm, obtuse, soon falling off or persistent; outer petals narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic, 7-18 by 4-6 mm, obtuse, inner petals narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic, 10-25 by 3-5 mm, obtuse; androecium diam. unknown, stamens 1.2-1.5 mm long, connective appendage 0.7-0.9 mm wide; gynoecium diam. unknown, carpels ca. 35, 2 mm long, glabrous.
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<emphasis id="96496244B0DDC89C8F6D04A84E212F27" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Monocarps</emphasis>
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(2
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<normalizedToken id="AA0D433C74FC16CFDD66D1D7E4BF5F12" originalValue="–)8–">-)8-</normalizedToken>
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30, more or less globose, slightly asymmetrical, 8-13 by 7-11 mm, green maturing to yellow, orange, red or black
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<emphasis id="9613C686745D24963723C3EF30E21064" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
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, pale brown, reddish-brown or brown
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<emphasis id="673658BF27C56757E743819EF7961AA1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
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, with an excentric apicule; stipes 7-21 by 1
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<normalizedToken id="E7A4E34BFEEF4B03D2A38ED1064B9F16" originalValue="–1.5(–">-1.5(-</normalizedToken>
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3) mm; fruiting receptacle 3-8 mm diam., monocarps, stipes and receptacle glabrous.
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<emphasis id="6C7AE27174D934F32B933194684722A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
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broadly ellipsoid, globose or transversally ellipsoid, light brown, pitted, 7-12 by 6-10 mm, raphe sunken, regular.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D477219EC6FB3504D20E571AE70E0230" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="D2C07E63399C5F9AC86E0C7C832991D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F624DB0703B62076360977D0946D225C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Panama (
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<normalizedToken id="2A2A1709FB32A9EEB5DF72D74BE0EEE7" originalValue="Coclé">Cocle</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken id="0BC3ADF43C3CC813787A33F83C41D4CA" originalValue="Colón">Colon</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken id="4F81F5A6053AD3FF25E0CF42138D8730" originalValue="Panamá">Panama</normalizedToken>
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and San Blas).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81E3A326B8F62C72FCA460FC10953D70" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph id="50CAB82E3C64EC9A347C9A65E14934A2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="49B07666E57C6F0B5DB9A5E96ABD77D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Evergreen tropical wet forest, cloud forest or low swampy places or in disturbed areas. At elevations of 0-800 m. Flowering: April, May, July and August; fruiting: throughout the year.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="41183F1F4F917C380D6ED193331FAAAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="vernacular names">
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<paragraph id="B4DA3D1F1088D5A9233420FC87DB1DCE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vernacular names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0EE55844D3E9E334D45298653DB79150" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Panama: Palo santo (Panamanian name), Sate wawa (Kuna;
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<emphasis id="C3CA7A03D04207F3C1A2B4B52A0F8E2B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nevers 4898</emphasis>
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), Waras gid (Kuna;
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<emphasis id="F0B71C3DD8F17540F429D3A45C4A1F4D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nevers 6513)</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5C158D52973F53A01981BE82E8BD64E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
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<paragraph id="A4211EF904CF75BE4C3E69FB29009B08" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4F92551429A84F0100B22FA2E92A544B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="48DABF0F03F9B476692B0657ABEBA74C" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
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<emphasis id="A3699DF1EE3B88590B427E17EA8251CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma panamense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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appears similar to
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<taxonomicName id="8D5A812A0DCDF0F85F86DA5D5392E1EF" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. magdalenae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
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<emphasis id="949EE0872AEB6EC4510B0692CAC7DED6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. magdalenae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but can be distinguished by the smaller size of the sepals, which additionally persist less frequently into fruiting.
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<taxonomicName id="DF5FFD0A5494A615A876B5F448C20111" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pacificum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pacificum">
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<emphasis id="E5E6E1A96855E14D48137961C4612896" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pacificum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="EF617FD3A9E22902FC222A88B524BE79" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. chococola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="chococola">
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<emphasis id="7E2D0C5879C53E384904F8580EBE490C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. chococola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are both geographically close (Pacific coast of Colombia) and share the characters of glabrous pedicels (flowers) and fruits. However, the pedicels of
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<taxonomicName id="8D568E9EA02D9F2206DE271D29141388" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. chococola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="chococola">
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<emphasis id="5AB982C27A5657ADA1CA88516A681D0D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. chococola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are considerably longer and the shape of the larger monocarps of
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<taxonomicName id="16706EC77E2137484489A264787E2321" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pacificum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pacificum">
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<emphasis id="892F5D216BC0BF1EEDB023A19AF19C56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pacificum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(ellipsoid as opposed to roughly globose), as well as the larger leaves, allow easy distinction in both cases. The colour of the relatively small leaves (drying consistently green), the relatively large distance between the loops of their secondary veins and the margin and the reticulate and indistinct nature of tertiary and quaternary venation of
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<taxonomicName id="5ACF6951B52C3B3FDE5FCE71CD62326D" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||
<emphasis id="4A965D8DA62E0DB626839199C1EAFE90" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. panamense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are also distinctive.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6A3050573A40F0B9DA413CFB2F158767" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph id="3CFD695AD94FC07724567332D05A279C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7B0FCECF4730570B61A6CDAAB20E3BF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6830D9B5FC180802A6D9B34FD2E4449" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||
<emphasis id="80ED3294BD6BE00428D6A95BCB7C18CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma panamense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been described as common in the San Blas region of Panama. It has been collected fairly frequently near roads in the surrounding region, but not within protected areas and with an EOO that would be sufficiently small as to qualify as Vulnerable. Given its apparent local abundance but restricted distribution: Near Threatened [NT] (Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="1EEC5501B6AB6233D98236E251340077" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Summary of IUCN preliminary conservation status per species including calculations using ConR (Dauby et al. 2017). The total number of collections is shown, including the number georeferenced (thus included in the calculations using ConR). " Unique occurrences " represent those with differing coordinates, whereby for poorly collected species, numbers of collections that could not be precisely georeferenced but nevertheless represent additional occurrences are indicated; " locations " refers to the IUCN definition as " a geographically or ecologically distinct area in which a single threat can rapidly affect all individuals of the taxon present "; and " subpopulations " are " geographically or otherwise distinct groups in the population between which there is little demographic or genetic exchange (IUCN 2012). EOO = extent of occurrence, whereby the criteria contributing to endangered status are CR <100 km 2, EN <5,000 km 2 and VU <20,000 km 2; AOO = area of occupancy, whereby the criteria are CR <10 km 2, EN <500 km 2 and VU <2,000 km 2. We estimated EOO and AOO using ConR, also indicating for (potentially) threatened species where the values would be higher taking non-georeferenced specimens into account. Known occurrences (or not) in protected areas (national parks or reserves with protected status according to the IUCN; https: // protectedplanet. net / accessed 04.09.2018) are documented and an overall threat category with IUCN code is presented which takes into account each of these factors (as discussed individually in each species treatment)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1">1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3B7E41230FB35B066CB0EC381D3196C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="514402AFD81AFF5B2DAAB89488AEEF32" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="80AF32F9C5275EAC8353C06AE195CA0A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="0B2DC76D295955C5C618339AB190B428" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
PANAMA.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B5C8AF7F73CC488C73D1E9FBD3AB29EA" originalValue="Coclé">Cocle</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6801E04B1DA6FB1E704CE08113007C04" originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
|
||
Blanco del Norte, Cano Sucio,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8BD91097BC1904672ADEBAA04B2D28A7" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="8.7">8°42'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A2D326CBB15B8AB4016778F381B8465C" degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-80.6">80°36'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 200-400 m a.s.l., 3 Oct 1983,
|
||
<emphasis id="C5DB2BC641559E5FCE039778C28C5715" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Davidse et al. 23634</emphasis>
|
||
(MO).
|
||
<emphasis id="E5A46FD60CCC485D7090F7C543A9B4E4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9BFBFE137A10928B387C51B3F3B3D549" originalValue="Colón">Colon</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Santa Rita Ridge road,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="769BF13A42070457F5938905BED32D46" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.333333">9°20'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="39FB872118FB313F33F69E927438E5F1" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.76667">79°46'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 300 m a.s.l., 16 Jun 1994,
|
||
<emphasis id="7ACD17483D915CD8542202C29486B1EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Galdames et al. 1162</emphasis>
|
||
(US); Parque Nacional Lorenzo, road to Sherman Crane,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="61DA52D9C78558EF8C222BBCD173F6A8" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.266666">9°16'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AD63B9D59BD892138D328C7F4B5BAC24" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.96667">79°58'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 150 m a.s.l., 7 Jun 2004,
|
||
<emphasis id="6F940F6E6C8730EB36407E0D899C4480" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maas et al. 9559</emphasis>
|
||
(U); Teck Cominco Petaquilla mining concession,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BA3700D530CE55851CEB40E4335D282D" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="8.849444">8°50'58"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="51B8E14BB3FB21CB56714ADAFB9D9B2C" degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="53" value="-80.648056">80°38'53"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 180 m a.s.l., 25 Jun 2008,
|
||
<emphasis id="D761C308179F06F2CFB58A561185F9A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">McPherson 20670</emphasis>
|
||
(WAG).
|
||
<emphasis id="CAC97E9CA06B3BDFA5A71C26988C94A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Panama</emphasis>
|
||
: El
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B0378524D7E502FD0724AE6CABE2FBD3" originalValue="Llano-Cartí">Llano-Carti</normalizedToken>
|
||
road,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DC6884F71F1D3403BD8C04D104EC4DBB" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.25">9°15'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A858DCB4E1D79B4A138405FD13905F1D" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.0">79°00'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 350 m a.s.l., 22 Aug 1986,
|
||
<emphasis id="3D04E213039E9E000F1EA4DA355AB155" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">McPherson 9957</emphasis>
|
||
(MO, U).
|
||
<emphasis id="4B4075DC3B1DED1DC44810D92105F93B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">San Blas</emphasis>
|
||
: Mountain range opposite Nargana island,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EFB1877CB8C42B925A94E955C7E05DAE" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.366667">9°22'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CC4CBE9CAEE014EBD4EA0C44B7B81E50" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.566666">78°34'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 65 m a.s.l., 12 Aug 1994,
|
||
<emphasis id="1756F4083BEDC33F0F086E4FF0AD22AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Galdames et al. 1585</emphasis>
|
||
(NY); Yannuadi,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="855EFC20864324440C429A0B05BB77BB" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.366667">9°22'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E4405071052CF2A22F0F78DA9369C6D0" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.583336">78°35'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 50-100 m a.s.l., 23 Oct 1992,
|
||
<emphasis id="D6BC639B6544AD2340866A8216893535" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Herrera et al. 1231</emphasis>
|
||
(MO); Nusagandi, Sendero Wedar,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7D3D9C27E46887C0503DED9F2B1560DC" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.3">9°18'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1981230E5C06353156840B813E9B58C5" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.96667">78°58'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 300-400 m a.s.l., 19 Jul 1985,
|
||
<emphasis id="58CCFAEF8641C9EEC1FFB7D397CE46BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">McDonagh et al. 181</emphasis>
|
||
(MO); Nusagandi,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AF162D648B65AEE9A84F441A17FC3C3C" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.316667">9°19'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="93F4AC45398EA647E139AD5C98C5ADD7" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.25">78°15'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 300 m a.s.l., 31 Jul 1984,
|
||
<emphasis id="9D98CDAAD521713A50CDECC7E3144858" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">De Nevers et al. 3601</emphasis>
|
||
(MO); Lower
|
||
<normalizedToken id="20EEACEEE24AFC1335F5D9E512DF2899" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8FFB99201F0471C28FB9D1AB1E063DDF" originalValue="Cangandí">Cangandi</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D929164BAAEB6C881E1DD22DE54C0121" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.45">9°27'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FB10F168894D61B3ACB822B998BD3DA1" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.13333">79°08'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 0-20 m a.s.l., 14 Jan 1985,
|
||
<emphasis id="42C469AC42EAD055611390EB20C87467" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">De Nevers</emphasis>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis id="31D4768370F518EC96A01B36D5C4654F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Herrera 4571</emphasis>
|
||
(MO, U);
|
||
<normalizedToken id="608F25D9DA3972FC45089D2B46B396EC" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Cangandi,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="53A4BEF11B4434F92BE359775F062DD2" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.4">9°24'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FBDB3ED647D43B88695E69DE118A5F13" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.4">79°24'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 0-100 m a.s.l., 17 Feb 1985,
|
||
<emphasis id="65346EB7B7E91FA900DC3A3DFD5BD228" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">De Nevers et al. 4898</emphasis>
|
||
(MO, U).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4812F88CBA879A82220E0824D6AB5B4B" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911319" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245346" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 36" startId="F42">
|
||
<paragraph id="1B9FEFD3CF5D6AC9FEBDC1FA8DFA4207" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C4F81CF741E8314F49C525176E05E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 36.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3E80D6AF19437B16DF5CC501572BBA3F" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||
<emphasis id="FF08C4E4FA55ABBE084C53170151B46F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma panamense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Maas.
|
||
<emphasis id="0C926944CE44F80A2F3E8979F00D1296" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
|
||
fruiting specimen
|
||
<emphasis id="DAD17786179129B648E4B4166B4E4C82" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
|
||
flowers (
|
||
<emphasis id="67FB1692E694491BE93994A85815E41B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="831B5AA47C8E1D51ACE283EC8902163D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Johnston 1812</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="8A9094939A361683A99A7248AC1FC02B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="2923E4615BC8ABC337E84E6E75A5327D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Perez 832</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="1936AE308AF1769F5AE6DC873C13648C" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911323" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245348" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 37" startId="F43">
|
||
<paragraph id="EEB63A2C1BFAFA583A998B82866B6EFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="E9E5481E58BA5DC24258BE3524B65E05" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 37.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="7024AA5AA1997886299578C301D52755" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="807D92ECE6126CABCFFAA8018A3354BF" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||
<emphasis id="90F1BFD117A5E3645682A15C6FA68535" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma panamense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Maas. Fruiting specimen (photo: Robin Foster)
|
||
<emphasis id="C6AB7205C154F0CD9029696817536B3C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CBA676892C551F03A9E505D53A1F9416" originalValue="b–e">b-e</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="644C8A184728099E0A68991345DD86DC" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pendulum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pendulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="739E14087A9F702796AEA0EB016ED1D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pendulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ruiz & Pav.) R.E.Fr.
|
||
<emphasis id="5D231D7047AF5C3BA931C0EBEC171D23" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
|
||
habit
|
||
<emphasis id="B358868715321EBCD37991AC67C5748B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">c</emphasis>
|
||
flower bud (Pirie et al. 33; photos MDP)
|
||
<emphasis id="C3D8642614E94CBBB43118581672FE98" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">d</emphasis>
|
||
flowering and fruiting branch
|
||
<emphasis id="65AB987697602558D101DEA9783D23A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">e</emphasis>
|
||
flower (
|
||
<emphasis id="2B4AA8DD72607080BEC4D0E9303386C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="85F37C1DDCFD967842CD673EB386F5AC" originalValue="Vásquez">Vasquez</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 34206
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, photos Rodolfo
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1B536493AD58DA1BE820BF8AD8A8E9DB" originalValue="Vásquez">Vasquez</normalizedToken>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B1C9BF8E04AB1A335900A42DC46C9D39" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">f, g</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EEE1E4F06C50A324CE162B75DDE596BC" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. westrae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="westrae">
|
||
<emphasis id="511D3CBAA8ED2DC03A89DF3A6493A558" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. westrae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pirie fruiting specimen (photos Robin Foster)
|
||
<emphasis id="030D37AE9E1A8D249BB0CE3FB67A9077" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="16DA78DFA05307C18D737689A29B235B" originalValue="h–j">h-j</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4685438ABD7A1B5EBFCBEB4C92FD196" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. yamayakatense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="yamayakatense">
|
||
<emphasis id="06457B0F4755AA10F76AC170606049C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. yamayakatense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pirie
|
||
<emphasis id="EA84FA25C7483A550DCB3DFFA393C94C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">h</emphasis>
|
||
habit, fruiting specimen (
|
||
<emphasis id="5BDC9DD9895E95CC872A3A501D5E6286" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pirie et al. 57</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="206C7D148C93ACB0A0D0C65FC05DCBDA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">i</emphasis>
|
||
flower bud (
|
||
<emphasis id="136E432AD4183E7841050B4295B44187" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pirie et al. 58</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="8C916A00D2670845CF6C106CFC2B6182" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">j</emphasis>
|
||
mature fruit (
|
||
<emphasis id="278A94ED4C4286D023A8992426AD5D25" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pirie et al. 60</emphasis>
|
||
; photos MDP).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |