treatments-xml/data/03/FE/D9/03FED906FFD53858FF0EC380FDD3FE0B.xml

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<mods:namePart id="2208829D54A55B9EE394E37FB72A21A4">Namayandeh, Armin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C5817BA26F97F52E87C392C64CFBEE9F">Beresford, David V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2E5857ED60DC2498ED176B80C5FC5B8A">Somers, Keith M.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03FED906FFD53858FF0EC380FDD3FE0B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5253235" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5253235" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FED906FFD53858FF0EC380FDD3FE0B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FED906FFD53858FF0EC380FDD3FE0B" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<paragraph id="8BE86810FFD53857FF0EC380FDF7FE62" blockId="55.[151,563,387,446]" box="[151,563,387,414]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<heading id="D0A0DF7CFFD53857FF0EC380FDF7FE62" bold="true" box="[151,563,387,414]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C571393FFD53857FF0EC380FDF7FE62" ID-CoL="763ZZ" authority="(Meigen)" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[151,563,387,414]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paratendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albimanus">
<emphasis id="B923B402FFD53857FF0EC380FDF7FE62" bold="true" box="[151,563,387,414]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B923B402FFD53857FF0EC380FE7FFE61" bold="true" box="[151,443,388,414]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Paratendipes albimanus</emphasis>
(Meigen)
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE86810FFD53857FF0EC3A2FEE5FE41" blockId="55.[151,563,387,446]" box="[151,289,422,446]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<figureCitation id="136C7495FFD53857FF0EC3A2FEE5FE41" box="[151,289,422,446]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,754,1953]" captionTargetId="figure-187@55.[188,1398,754,1953]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 46. Paratendipes albimanus (Meigen), larva. (A–D). A—labrum; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum and VM plates." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Figs 46A–D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34D3B9BFFD53858FF0EC3EAFD5CFF2B" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE86810FFD53857FF0EC3EAFE7EFD42" blockId="55.[151,1436,494,701]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B923B402FFD53857FF0EC3EAFED5FDF8" bold="true" box="[151,273,494,519]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Frontoclypeal apotome without suture; labrum as in 
<figureCitation id="136C7495FFD53857FCE1C3EAFC26FDF9" box="[888,994,494,518]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,754,1953]" captionTargetId="figure-187@55.[188,1398,754,1953]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 46. Paratendipes albimanus (Meigen), larva. (A–D). A—labrum; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum and VM plates." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 46A</figureCitation>
; SI setae with bases touching, distally pectinate; pecten epipharyngis with three subequal teeth; antenna (
<figureCitation id="136C7495FFD53857FC3BC016FBCEFDD5" box="[930,1034,530,554]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,754,1953]" captionTargetId="figure-187@55.[188,1398,754,1953]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 46. Paratendipes albimanus (Meigen), larva. (A–D). A—labrum; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum and VM plates." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 46B</figureCitation>
) 6-segmented with LO alternately placed on apices of segments 2 and 3, AR 1.3–1.4; mandible as in 
<figureCitation id="136C7495FFD53857FC09C032FC33FDB1" box="[912,1015,566,590]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,754,1953]" captionTargetId="figure-187@55.[188,1398,754,1953]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 46. Paratendipes albimanus (Meigen), larva. (A–D). A—labrum; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum and VM plates." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 46C</figureCitation>
; mentum (
<figureCitation id="136C7495FFD53857FBE9C032FB13FDB1" box="[1136,1239,566,590]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,754,1953]" captionTargetId="figure-187@55.[188,1398,754,1953]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 46. Paratendipes albimanus (Meigen), larva. (A–D). A—labrum; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum and VM plates." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 46D</figureCitation>
) with 4 subequal pale median teeth set in a straight row recessed below 1 
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lateral which is apressed to larger 2 
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lateral followed by additional 4 laterals in a descending row; VM plates (see 
<figureCitation id="136C7495FFD53857FCA9C085FC52FD66" box="[816,918,641,665]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="55.[151,250,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,754,1953]" captionTargetId="figure-187@55.[188,1398,754,1953]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 46. Paratendipes albimanus (Meigen), larva. (A–D). A—labrum; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum and VM plates." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 46D</figureCitation>
) fan-shaped with coarse striae along anterior margin, surface pollinose.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE86810FFD53857FF0EC5B3FF1DF813" blockId="55.[151,1436,1975,2028]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B923B402FFD53857FF0EC5B3FEE4F831" bold="true" box="[151,288,1975,1998]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">FIGURE 46.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C571393FFD53857FEBEC5B3FD43F832" authority="(Meigen)" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[295,647,1975,1997]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paratendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albimanus">
<emphasis id="B923B402FFD53857FEBEC5B3FDDBF832" box="[295,543,1975,1997]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Paratendipes albimanus</emphasis>
(Meigen)
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, larva. (A–D). A—labrum; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum and VM plates.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE86810FFDA3858FF5EC29CFD5CFF2B" blockId="56.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B923B402FFDA3858FF5EC29CFED5FF4F" bold="true" box="[199,273,152,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" reason="1">Notes.</emphasis>
Although few species are described as larvae, the mentum and VM plates are very distinctive, and are considered diagnostic for species recognition.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34D3B9BFFDA3858FF5EC2E4FDD3FE0B" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE86810FFDA3858FF5EC2E4FEF5FE78" blockId="56.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B923B402FFDA3858FF5EC2E4FE05FF07" bold="true" box="[199,449,223,248]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" reason="1">Ecology and habitat.</emphasis>
Larvae of this species are common in headwater streams. A collector-gatherer species with a preference for detritus made of hickory and white oak. This species is univoltine, and emerges from late June to mid July. A second generation has been produced in lab studies using a hickory diet (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC615E1FFDA3858FB50C323FF15FE9B" author="Ward, G. M. &amp; Cummins, K. M. W." pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refId="ref28430" refString="Ward, G. M. &amp; Cummins, K. M. W. (1978) Life history and growth patters of Paratendipes albimanus in a Michigan headwater stream. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 71, 272 - 248." type="book" year="1978">Ward &amp; Cummins 1978</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC615E1FFDA3858FF46C348FEDFFE9B" author="Ward, G. M. &amp; Cummins, K. M. W." box="[223,283,332,356]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="57 - 64" refId="ref28476" refString="Ward, G. M. &amp; Cummins, K. M. W. (1979) Effects of food quality on growth of a stream detritivore, Paratendipes albimanus (Meigen) (Diptera: Chironomidae). Ecology, 60, 57 - 64." type="journal article" year="1979">1979</bibRefCitation>
). Riparian vegetation of study headwater streams consists of Maple, American Beech, Yellow Birch and Red Oak.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B923B402FFDA3858FF5EC397FEBEFE53" bold="true" box="[199,378,403,428]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" reason="1">Sampling sites.</emphasis>
Algonquin Provincial Park.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE86810FFDA3858FF5EC3B3FDD3FE0B" blockId="56.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B923B402FFDA3858FF5EC3B3FE0FFE2F" bold="true" box="[199,459,439,464]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" reason="1">Nearctic distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F3402880FFDA3858FE4FC3B3FDEAFE30" box="[470,558,439,463]" name="Canada" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Canada</collectingCountry>
: 
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, 
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, and
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Québec, New Brunswick. 
<collectingCountry id="F3402880FFDA3858FBE8C3B3FB69FE30" box="[1137,1197,439,463]" name="United States of America" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">USA</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="4993A6F2FFDA3858FB25C3BCFAF7FE30" box="[1212,1331,439,463]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">New York</collectingRegion>
south to
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<collectingRegion id="4993A6F2FFDA3858FF0EC3D8FE84FE0B" box="[151,320,476,500]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
west to 
<collectingRegion id="4993A6F2FFDA3858FE07C3D8FDD7FE0B" box="[414,531,476,500]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">California</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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