plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/53/6F/82/536F827BFFBB530B2995FC42F3CBF145.xml

455 lines
62 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="BC5AD10BB7AF85BB00D6B7A4376E6B9A" ID-CLB-Dataset="307941" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae010" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5265b49c-637e-4b38-97cb-e0f7c234cf88" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14774861" ID-ZooBank="D1C88C6-B4B9-46D0-94AD-BA7439E6DF22" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1738153874994" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Delicado, Diana, Boulaassafer, Khadija, Khalloufi, Noureddine &amp; Hauffe, Torsten" docDate="2025" docId="536F827BFFBB530B2995FC42F3CBF145" docLanguage="en" docName="zlae010.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae010" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.10:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Pseudamnicola megastomus Delicado, Khalloufi &amp; Hauffe 2025, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="AF56FA03FFAF531D2967FF90F13AF726" masterDocTitle="A holistic perspective on species delimitation outperforms all methods based on single data types in freshwater gastropods (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae: Pseudamnicola)" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1738263585638" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="DAEDEA0C1617C55053C400454020266D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="DECD104E90B951EE62555EF4FFD54FF4">
<mods:title id="D25CA084A9192E6E9F9E1CB6510D46C0">A holistic perspective on species delimitation outperforms all methods based on single data types in freshwater gastropods (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae: Pseudamnicola)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="9B88817613BDDC94855837B73A7142F5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="456EA7DDB6DD414B3567FF7F383D1BBC">
<mods:roleTerm id="874BE3E52398A6517EF9AA5E3ADCFA0D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="58508565609263763DECD9F37DACACAA">Delicado, Diana</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="00391F4B171906FA6F7233C0F7363269">Department of Animal Ecology &amp; Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26 - 32 IFZ, D- 35392 Giessen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7CA895D6762C89BD031D0A2B4A5ED928" type="email">didelicado@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="439CAE94691B393763C79168CE3A00FC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="63A08C501184867BF013431478AD2C84">
<mods:roleTerm id="C26EDC45CEF3D6B91E63E29C35F18868">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C332FD5D8060C6F8D4910BA67DA67D6F">Boulaassafer, Khadija</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EDA9154F164E120A8FC15314C40F31B7">Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad University, Prince Moulay Abdellah Boulevard, B. P. 2390, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="47BADAD5FE5C6CE35511CA5FBC9D16F9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F35AD7586B6B3AE90817246540EEC4E4">
<mods:roleTerm id="4AC905C6FFBEF0D7B050D1E115DA67EF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2579FF76E8BC5A426B082B23B635FE42">Khalloufi, Noureddine</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="283C5B460E24BAFA435E23D2C16C7581">Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory (LR 01 ES 14), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="037E7E5D90EEF2B1EE5714B7AA197DAA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4A9EE13D781F5EB37538DEEAC7268E43">
<mods:roleTerm id="1FC6B705144F32A02C990AE2F8482C8A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="47C2F82254A96668F2DC8D31A4B4FA7C">Hauffe, Torsten</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="59B20CBF029C24F894FB89FEF97A77BE">Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, CH- 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland &amp; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Chemin du Musée 10, CH- 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="A6ACB6AF9B8BDC6164EBC77BF2E0A6D5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="259065BE4A34AD6480F77EEDEAA1FA41" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="27B8D481539AFDAD07CAE30D1AF5064B">
<mods:title id="DB41A71E25A85D27791F01BEC4BE75B3">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="A807C8B517DFC42CCF439E7F6D46A882">
<mods:date id="44AC6F4ED8BB6D8A71E04203F65D35B1">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F92F017774A8349CFEB702CE29DA4168" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="E4F09400DDB96CDC095079DEAFB33B04">2024-03-05</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="462F597EDD6E9DCB5EC1EDA04C401F2C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B158287D643B6B050EFEFCC5B25FCB9F">203</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="DEAA30873CAE35D27972F9C02B7D4B86" type="issue">
<mods:number id="35181178424DB2ABDEC4B6F1D5CF4473">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="8162CBB95EA0C2628600BACC3F28D559" unit="page">
<mods:start id="58CC6B52B8F45BF3579DB289B14D4A1D">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="7EF8E306B7CF3932ED0181199AA5FFA3">31</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="46B847D0AD1E45D07786777F1CABB55D">
<mods:url id="4DEF807D489985748E281AC5EF8552C8">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae010</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="24CE884435EF42E1E5565B1F7897D86A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="68FB968A9E97DF62308A4706280BCD29" type="CLB-Dataset">307941</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9D7FD932A17C86F1F1AB1453EF8FFA17" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae010</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9086F23634DA62E2C65FD0A6EAD1B013" type="GBIF-Dataset">5265b49c-637e-4b38-97cb-e0f7c234cf88</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7042145E50E1A1FCD7C8299D207923C9" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C8856E50B41FD23D6D4F84B49899A603" type="Zenodo-Dep">14774861</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="82E98E560CBA95D347860DC2E3E99F48" type="ZooBank">D1C88C6-B4B9-46D0-94AD-BA7439E6DF22</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="536F827BFFBB530B2995FC42F3CBF145" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774869" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14774869" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:536F827BFFBB530B2995FC42F3CBF145" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/536F827BFFBB530B2995FC42F3CBF145" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" scope_family="Hydrobiidae" scope_subClass="Caenogastropoda">
<subSubSection id="93DC60E6FFBB53092995FC42F368F32A" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB53092995FC42F368F32A" blockId="20.[242,664,978,1036]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB53092995FC42F368F32A" bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBB53092995FC42F338F32D" authority="Delicado, Khalloufi &amp; Hauffe" authorityName="Delicado, Khalloufi &amp; Hauffe" authorityYear="2025" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="megastomus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB53092995FC42F317F4CB" bold="true" box="[242,557,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Pseudamnicola megastomus</emphasis>
Delicado, Khalloufi &amp; Hauffe
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F2815204FFBB53092B61FC62F368F32A" box="[518,594,1010,1036]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="93DC60E6FFBB530928E5FBB0F0D2F3D0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB530928E5FBB0F332F31C" blockId="20.[129,644,1056,1182]" box="[386,520,1056,1083]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB530928E5FBB0F332F31C" bold="true" box="[386,520,1056,1083]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
(
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB530928EBFBB1F0E2F31D" box="[396,472,1057,1083]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetId="figure-329@21.[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. Shells, operculum, and radulae of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200501H). C, paratype (MNCN 15.05/200501P). D, shell (MNCN 15.05/95107).E, operculum (SEM photograph; outer side) (MNCN 15.05/200501P).F, protoconch (MNCN 15.05/200501P).G, portion of radula ribbon (MNCN 15.05/200501P). H, central radular teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P). I, outer marginal teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774901/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092885FBB1F0C4F31D" box="[482,510,1057,1083]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1386,1410]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetId="figure-177@22.[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Anatomy of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A–H, paratypes (MNCN 15.05/200501P).A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system.D, pallial oviduct. E, bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle. F, head of male and penis. G, penis. H, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774903/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">12</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB530929E6FBD7F37EF359" blockId="20.[129,644,1056,1182]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBB530929E6FBD7F07EF379" box="[129,324,1095,1119]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-2">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB530929E6FBD7F029F379" box="[129,275,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Pseudamnicola</emphasis>
sp. 2
</taxonomicName>
—
<bibRefCitation id="BF574E9CFFBB53092807FBD7F313F379" author="Delicado D &amp; Machordom A &amp; Ramos MA" box="[352,553,1095,1119]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="403 - 17" refId="ref20723" refString="Delicado D, Machordom A, Ramos MA. Effects of habitat transition on the evolutionary patterns of the microgastropod genus Pseudamnicola (Mollusca, Hydrobiidae). Zoologica Scripta 2015; 44: 403 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zsc. 12104" type="journal article" year="2015">
Delicado
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB530928A5FBD8F0CAF379" box="[450,496,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
[in part]
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBB530929FBFBF7F065F359" box="[156,351,1127,1151]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-2">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB530929FBFBF7F014F359" box="[156,302,1127,1151]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Pseudamnicola</emphasis>
sp. 2
</taxonomicName>
—
<bibRefCitation id="BF574E9CFFBB5309281CFBF7F37EF359" author="Delicado D &amp; Hauffe T &amp; Wilke T" box="[379,580,1127,1151]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref20825" refString="Delicado D, Hauffe T, Wilke T. Ecological opportunity may facilitate diversification in Palearctic freshwater organisms: a case study on hydrobiid gastropods. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2018; 18: 55. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 12862 - 018 - 1169 - 2" type="journal volume" year="2018">
Delicado
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB530928BAFBF7F336F359" box="[477,524,1127,1151]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB530929FBFB16F35DF3B8" blockId="20.[129,644,1056,1182]" box="[156,615,1158,1182]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBB530929FBFB16F065F3B8" box="[156,351,1158,1182]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-2">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB530929FBFB16F014F3B8" box="[156,302,1158,1182]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Pseudamnicola</emphasis>
sp. 2
</taxonomicName>
—
<bibRefCitation id="BF574E9CFFBB5309281CFB16F35DF3B8" author="Boulaassafer K &amp; Ghamizi M &amp; Machordom A" box="[379,615,1158,1182]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="396 - 416" refId="ref20276" refString="Boulaassafer K, Ghamizi M, Machordom A et al. Phylogenetic relationships within Pseudamnicola Paulucci, 1878 (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) indicate two independent dispersal events from different continents to the Balearic Islands. Systematics and Biodiversity 2020; 18: 396 - 416. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772000.2020.17714 66" type="journal article" year="2020">
Boulaassafer
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB53092B67FB17F315F3B8" box="[512,559,1158,1182]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB530929E6FB2FF0D2F3D0" blockId="20.[129,777,1215,1270]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB530929E6FB2FF052F3F1" box="[129,360,1215,1239]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">ZooBank registration:</emphasis>
<uri id="AF573F6FFFBB530928E5FB2FF0D2F3D0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="AF6009B8FFBB53092BE7FB2FF0D2F3D0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">0DD397BA-5997-4FF8-8E42-A3A4EB495D83</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="93DC60E6FFBB530928F5FA86F1C1F252" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB530928F5FA86F0C2F216" blockId="20.[402,504,1302,1328]" box="[402,504,1302,1328]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB530928F5FA86F0C2F216" box="[402,504,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB530929E6FAADF1C1F252" blockId="20.[129,778,1341,1396]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
From Greek
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB53092860FAADF048F272" box="[263,370,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">megastome</emphasis>
, referring to the large shell aperture of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="93DC60E6FFBB530928E3FA04F0C5F1CA" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB530928E3FA04F33CF28B" blockId="20.[388,518,1427,1453]" box="[388,518,1427,1453]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB530928E3FA04F33CF28B" box="[388,518,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Type material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB530929E6FA2AF36EF137" blockId="20.[129,778,1466,1553]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<materialsCitation id="6BAE3930FFBB530929E6FA2AF36EF137" collectionCode="MNCN" collectorName="Wedi El Garaa Stream" country="Tunisia" location="Bizerte" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCode="MNCN 15.05" specimenCount="30" stateProvince="Bizerte" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="047D8DCFFFBB530929E6FA2AF1DEF2F4" box="[129,228,1466,1490]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB53092864FA2AF337F2F4" box="[259,525,1466,1490]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<specimenCode id="8B609B16FFBB53092864FA2AF09AF2F4" box="[259,416,1466,1490]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Museum">MNCN 15.05</specimenCode>
/200501H
</emphasis>
) and ~
<specimenCount id="CDC0F8E4FFBB53092B11FA2AF230F2F4" box="[630,778,1466,1490]" count="30" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">30 paratypes</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="8B609B16FFBB530929EFFA49F018F2D7" box="[136,290,1497,1521]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Museum">MNCN 15.05</specimenCode>
/200501P) in the
<collectionCode id="BDD7ABA8FFBB53092885FA49F30EF2D7" box="[482,564,1497,1521]" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
collection. Type locality:
<collectorName id="763356BBFFBB530929A3FA69F09CF137" box="[196,422,1529,1553]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Wedi El Garâa Stream</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion id="1902FD8FFFBB530928C8FA69F0C3F137" box="[431,505,1529,1553]" country="Tunisia" name="Bizerte" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Bizerte</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="A3D173FDFFBB53092B66FA69F36AF137" box="[513,592,1529,1553]" name="Tunisia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB5309281FF9A0F328F16C" blockId="20.[129,778,1584,1772]" box="[376,530,1584,1610]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB5309281FF9A0F328F16C" box="[376,530,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Material studied</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB530929E6F9C7F0C5F1CA" blockId="20.[129,778,1584,1772]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<materialsCitation id="6BAE3930FFBB530929E6F9C7F1E4F18B" collectingDate="2009-05" collectionCode="MNCN" collectorName="Wedi El Garaa Stream &amp; Noureddine Khalloufi &amp; Diana Delicado" country="Tunisia" county="Ichkeul" latitude="37.2055" location="Wedi El Garaa Stream" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="9.6677" municipality="Ennkhilet region" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCode="MNCN 15.05" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bizerte">
<collectorName id="763356BBFFBB530929E6F9C7F056F149" box="[129,364,1623,1647]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<location id="DE1965B6FFBB530929E6F9C7F056F149" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:536F827BFFBB530B2995FC42F3CBF145:DE1965B6FFBB530929E6F9C7F056F149" box="[129,364,1623,1647]" country="Tunisia" county="Ichkeul" latitude="37.2055" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="9.6677" municipality="Ennkhilet region" name="Wedi El Garaa Stream" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Bizerte">Wedi El Garâa Stream</location>
</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion id="1902FD8FFFBB5309281FF9C7F0F8F149" box="[376,450,1623,1647]" country="Tunisia" name="Bizerte" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Bizerte</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="A3D173FDFFBB530928A9F9C7F326F149" box="[462,540,1623,1647]" name="Tunisia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BEF255AAFFBB53092B4EF9C7F3A0F149" box="[553,666,1623,1647]" degrees="37.2426" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="5" value="37.2426">37.2426°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BEF255AAFFBB53092BC1F9C6F23CF148" box="[678,774,1622,1646]" degrees="9.7185" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="5" value="9.7185">9.7185°E</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="763356BBFFBB530929C9F9E6F1DAF1AB" box="[174,224,1654,1677]" name="Noureddine Khalloufi" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">N.K.</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="763356BBFFBB5309287CF9E6F076F1AB" box="[283,332,1654,1677]" name="Diana Delicado" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D.D.</collectorName>
,
<date id="AF7815ADFFBB5309283DF9E6F0F2F1A8" box="[346,456,1654,1678]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2009-05">
<collectingDate id="BF3CEC45FFBB5309283DF9E6F0F2F1A8" box="[346,456,1654,1678]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2009-05">May 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCode id="8B609B16FFBB530928B1F9E6F357F1A8" box="[470,621,1654,1678]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Museum">MNCN 15.05</specimenCode>
/200501 (70% ethanol).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="6BAE3930FFBB5309298DF906F0C0F1CA" collectingDate="2009-05" collectionCode="MNCN" collectorName="Wedi El Garaa Stream &amp; Noureddine Khalloufi &amp; Diana Delicado" country="Tunisia" county="Ichkeul" latitude="37.2055" location="Wedi El Garaa Stream" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="9.6677" municipality="Ennkhilet region" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCode="MNCN 15.05" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bizerte">
A well in the
<collectingMunicipality id="3B1DA917FFBB530928ECF905F37AF18B" box="[395,576,1685,1709]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ennkhilet region</collectingMunicipality>
, north of
<collectingCounty id="32184BE1FFBB53092BDFF905F23CF18B" box="[696,774,1685,1709]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ichkeul</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry id="A3D173FDFFBB530929E6F925F1F5F1EB" box="[129,207,1717,1741]" name="Tunisia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BEF255AAFFBB530929BCF924F076F1EA" box="[219,332,1716,1740]" degrees="37.2055" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="5" value="37.2055">37.2055°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BEF255AAFFBB5309283EF925F083F1EB" box="[345,441,1717,1741]" degrees="9.6677" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="5" value="9.6677">9.6677°E</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="763356BBFFBB53092895F925F319F1EA" box="[498,547,1717,1740]" name="Noureddine Khalloufi" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">N.K.</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="763356BBFFBB53092B3CF925F3B6F1EA" box="[603,652,1717,1740]" name="Diana Delicado" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D.D.</collectorName>
,
<date id="AF7815ADFFBB53092BFEF925F23CF1EB" box="[665,774,1717,1741]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2009-05">
<collectingDate id="BF3CEC45FFBB53092BFEF925F23CF1EB" box="[665,774,1717,1741]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2009-05">May 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCode id="8B609B16FFBB530929E6F944F028F1CA" box="[129,274,1748,1772]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Museum">MNCN 15.05</specimenCode>
/95107 (70% ethanol)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="93DC60E6FFBB530928F0F89CF28CF7C0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB530928F0F89CF0CEF003" blockId="20.[407,500,1804,1829]" box="[407,500,1804,1829]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB530928F0F89CF0CEF003" box="[407,500,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB530929E6F8A2F28CF7C0" blockId="20.[127,778,1842,1991]" lastBlockId="20.[825,1476,144,231]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Shell ovate-conic, with a relatively wide aperture (AW/AL ratio&gt;.75); protoconch microsculpture pitted; central radular tooth formula (4)3-C-3(4)/1-1; bursa copulatrix large, pyriform, with a duct slightly longer than bursal length; SR1 elongate, with a short duct; penis large, gradually tapering, unpigmented, with many folds over the entire surface and a moderately wide base; nervous system darkly pigmented, elongate (mean RPG ratio =.52).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="93DC60E6FFBB53092D2FFE97F44FF003" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB53092D2FFE97F58EF606" blockId="20.[824,1476,263,1829]" box="[1096,1204,263,288]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB53092D2FFE97F58EF606" box="[1096,1204,263,288]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB53092A5EFEBDF46FF578" blockId="20.[824,1476,263,1829]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Shell ovate-conic, whorls 4–4.5, height
<quantity id="1C3E9E88FFBB53092DBEFEBDF415F662" box="[1241,1327,301,325]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092C25FEBDF276F645" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetId="figure-329@21.[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. Shells, operculum, and radulae of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200501H). C, paratype (MNCN 15.05/200501P). D, shell (MNCN 15.05/95107).E, operculum (SEM photograph; outer side) (MNCN 15.05/200501P).F, protoconch (MNCN 15.05/200501P).G, portion of radula ribbon (MNCN 15.05/200501P). H, central radular teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P). I, outer marginal teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774901/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11A, C, D</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Table S3). Periostracum yellowish. Protoconch ~450 µm wide, whorls 1.5; nucleus ~120 µm wide; protoconch microsculpture pitted (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092DAFFE1BF412F685" box="[1224,1320,395,419]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetId="figure-329@21.[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. Shells, operculum, and radulae of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200501H). C, paratype (MNCN 15.05/200501P). D, shell (MNCN 15.05/95107).E, operculum (SEM photograph; outer side) (MNCN 15.05/200501P).F, protoconch (MNCN 15.05/200501P).G, portion of radula ribbon (MNCN 15.05/200501P). H, central radular teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P). I, outer marginal teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774901/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11F</figureCitation>
). Teleoconch whorls moderately convex, with deep sutures; body whorl large, occupying about three-quarters of total shell length. Aperture almost as wide as long, slightly oval; inner lip thicker than outer lip; peristome margin simple, straight (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092D84FD98F406F506" box="[1251,1340,520,544]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetId="figure-329@21.[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. Shells, operculum, and radulae of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200501H). C, paratype (MNCN 15.05/200501P). D, shell (MNCN 15.05/95107).E, operculum (SEM photograph; outer side) (MNCN 15.05/200501P).F, protoconch (MNCN 15.05/200501P).G, portion of radula ribbon (MNCN 15.05/200501P). H, central radular teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P). I, outer marginal teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774901/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
). Umbilicus narrow, not covered by the inner lip.
<typeStatus id="047D8DCFFFBB53092DDFFDB7F425F519" box="[1208,1311,551,575]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: SL =
<quantity id="1C3E9E88FFBB53092C06FDB7F484F519" box="[1377,1470,551,575]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="3.75">3.75 mm</quantity>
, SW =
<quantity id="1C3E9E88FFBB53092A1BFDD6F2E2F578" box="[892,984,582,606]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="2.75">2.75 mm</quantity>
, AL =
<quantity id="1C3E9E88FFBB53092D79FDD7F541F578" box="[1054,1147,583,607]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.04" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="2.04">2.04 mm</quantity>
, and AW =
<quantity id="1C3E9E88FFBB53092D94FDD7F46BF578" box="[1267,1361,583,607]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.62" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="1.62">1.62 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB53092A32FDF6F296F59B" blockId="20.[824,1476,263,1829]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Operculum oval, brownish, about two and a half whorls; muscle attachment area oval and located near the nucleus (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092A23FD35F2A1F59B" box="[836,923,677,701]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetId="figure-329@21.[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. Shells, operculum, and radulae of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200501H). C, paratype (MNCN 15.05/200501P). D, shell (MNCN 15.05/95107).E, operculum (SEM photograph; outer side) (MNCN 15.05/200501P).F, protoconch (MNCN 15.05/200501P).G, portion of radula ribbon (MNCN 15.05/200501P). H, central radular teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P). I, outer marginal teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774901/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB53092A32FD54F5D5F4BE" blockId="20.[824,1476,263,1829]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Radular length intermediate, ~750 µm (~25% of total shell length), with ~55 rows of teeth (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092DD4FD73F429F5DD" box="[1203,1299,739,763]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetId="figure-329@21.[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. Shells, operculum, and radulae of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200501H). C, paratype (MNCN 15.05/200501P). D, shell (MNCN 15.05/95107).E, operculum (SEM photograph; outer side) (MNCN 15.05/200501P).F, protoconch (MNCN 15.05/200501P).G, portion of radula ribbon (MNCN 15.05/200501P). H, central radular teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P). I, outer marginal teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774901/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11G</figureCitation>
). Central tooth formula (4)3-C-3(4)/1-1 (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092D3FFC93F58FF43D" box="[1112,1205,771,795]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetId="figure-329@21.[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. Shells, operculum, and radulae of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200501H). C, paratype (MNCN 15.05/200501P). D, shell (MNCN 15.05/95107).E, operculum (SEM photograph; outer side) (MNCN 15.05/200501P).F, protoconch (MNCN 15.05/200501P).G, portion of radula ribbon (MNCN 15.05/200501P). H, central radular teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P). I, outer marginal teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774901/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11H</figureCitation>
); basal tongue V-shaped, length about equal to lateral margin. Lateral tooth formula 2-C-2 (rarely with three lateral cusps). Inner marginal teeth having 16–17 tapered cusps, shortening towards the base. Outer marginal teeth with ~22 sharp cusps (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092DF6FC10F5E5F4BE" box="[1169,1247,896,920]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetId="figure-329@21.[114,1458,144,1322]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. Shells, operculum, and radulae of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200501H). C, paratype (MNCN 15.05/200501P). D, shell (MNCN 15.05/95107).E, operculum (SEM photograph; outer side) (MNCN 15.05/200501P).F, protoconch (MNCN 15.05/200501P).G, portion of radula ribbon (MNCN 15.05/200501P). H, central radular teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P). I, outer marginal teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774901/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB53092A32FC0FF54CF209" blockId="20.[824,1476,263,1829]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Animal black-pigmented except for neck and tentacles (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092CFBFC0FF25BF4F1" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1386,1410]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetId="figure-177@22.[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Anatomy of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A–H, paratypes (MNCN 15.05/200501P).A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system.D, pallial oviduct. E, bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle. F, head of male and penis. G, penis. H, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774903/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12F</figureCitation>
). Snout as long as wide, with medium distal lobation; foot size intermediate, with dorsal pigmentation. Ctenidium with 16–19 well-developed gill filaments, occupying ~50% of pallial cavity length and posteriorly positioned. Osphradium of intermediate width and opposite middle of ctenidium (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092C30FBACF48BF372" box="[1367,1457,1084,1108]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1386,1410]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetId="figure-177@22.[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Anatomy of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A–H, paratypes (MNCN 15.05/200501P).A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system.D, pallial oviduct. E, bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle. F, head of male and penis. G, penis. H, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774903/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
). Stomach as long as wide, with two chambers almost equal in size and a medium-sized posterior caecum; style sac longer than wide, surrounded by an unpigmented intestine (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092C03FB0AF481F394" box="[1380,1467,1178,1202]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1386,1410]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetId="figure-177@22.[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Anatomy of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A–H, paratypes (MNCN 15.05/200501P).A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system.D, pallial oviduct. E, bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle. F, head of male and penis. G, penis. H, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774903/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Table S4). Nervous system elongate (mean RPG ratio =.52), darkly pigmented, darker on ganglia than on connectives and commissures; cerebral ganglia approximately equal in size (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092D69FA87F55FF209" box="[1038,1125,1303,1327]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1386,1410]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetId="figure-177@22.[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Anatomy of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A–H, paratypes (MNCN 15.05/200501P).A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system.D, pallial oviduct. E, bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle. F, head of male and penis. G, penis. H, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774903/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB53092A32FAA7F598F10C" blockId="20.[824,1476,263,1829]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Female glandular oviduct approximately three times as long as wide. Albumen gland shorter than capsule gland.
<collectingRegion id="1902FD8FFFBB53092CEFFAC6F4F8F24B" box="[1416,1474,1366,1389]" country="Turkey" name="Bursa" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Bursa</collectingRegion>
copulatrix pyriform, longer than wide. Bursal duct longer than bursal length. Renal oviduct black-pigmented until the insertion of seminal receptacle or the area above, relatively straight. Seminal receptacle elongate, with a short duct, joining renal oviduct at the insertion point with bursal duct (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092C27FA63F480F12C" box="[1344,1466,1523,1547]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1386,1410]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetId="figure-177@22.[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Anatomy of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A–H, paratypes (MNCN 15.05/200501P).A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system.D, pallial oviduct. E, bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle. F, head of male and penis. G, penis. H, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774903/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12D, E</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Table S5).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB53092A32F9A1F44FF003" blockId="20.[824,1476,263,1829]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Male genitalia with a prostate gland approximately three times as long as wide, bean-shaped; seminal duct entering the middle-posterior region; pallial vas deferens emerging close to its anterior edge (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092A93F91FF56AF181" box="[1012,1104,1679,1703]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1386,1410]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetId="figure-177@22.[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Anatomy of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A–H, paratypes (MNCN 15.05/200501P).A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system.D, pallial oviduct. E, bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle. F, head of male and penis. G, penis. H, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774903/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12H</figureCitation>
). Penis longer than head, gradually tapering, unpigmented, with many folds over the entire surface (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBB53092A23F95EF28EF1C0" box="[836,948,1742,1766]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[129,194,1386,1410]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetId="figure-177@22.[129,1473,144,1358]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Anatomy of Pseudamnicola megastomus. A–H, paratypes (MNCN 15.05/200501P).A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system.D, pallial oviduct. E, bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle. F, head of male and penis. G, penis. H, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774903/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12F, G</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Table S6); base narrower than central area of penis; attached well behind the right eye; penial duct narrow, curved, coursing close to outer edge.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="93DC60E6FFBB53082D3FF8DAF340F1D2" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB53092D3FF8DAF599F042" blockId="20.[1112,1187,1866,1892]" box="[1112,1187,1866,1892]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBB53092D3FF8DAF599F042" box="[1112,1187,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Habitat</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBB53082A5EF8E1F340F1D2" blockId="20.[825,1475,1905,1991]" lastBlockId="21.[113,763,1506,1781]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Known from two different habitat
<typeStatus id="047D8DCFFFBB53092DC8F8E1F5DCF0AF" box="[1199,1254,1905,1929]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">types</typeStatus>
in southern
<collectingRegion id="1902FD8FFFBB53092C12F8E1F4FAF0AF" box="[1397,1472,1905,1929]" country="Tunisia" name="Bizerte" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Bizerte</collectingRegion>
. The species was found in the muddy bottom of a stream (Wedi El Garâa) near
<collectingRegion id="1902FD8FFFBB53092AB0F83FF525F0E1" box="[983,1055,1967,1991]" country="Tunisia" name="Bizerte" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Bizerte</collectingRegion>
and attached to the walls of a well in the Ennkhilet region north of Ichkeul. In the first locality, aquatic plants are sparse, and the water temperature and conductivity are 22°C and 2.6–2.9 mS, respectively. In the second locality, aquatic plants (
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082877F9D0F09EF171" box="[272,420,1600,1624]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Ranunculus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082877F9D0F0B9F17E" box="[272,387,1600,1624]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ranunculus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA530828B1F9D0F3ADF17E" authority="Linn." authorityName="Linn." box="[470,663,1600,1624]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Lemna" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA530828B1F9D0F360F171" box="[470,602,1600,1623]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Lemna minor</emphasis>
Linn.
</taxonomicName>
) and filamentous algae (
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA5308287DF9CFF0A5F151" box="[282,415,1631,1655]" class="Conjugatophyceae" family="Zygnemataceae" genus="Spirogyra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zygnematales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA5308287DF9CFF043F150" box="[282,377,1631,1654]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Spirogyra</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
) are dense. The temperature and conductivity of the water are high (24°C and 1.6–2.4 mS, respectively). Snails were found in low abundance at the two localities. Co-occurring mollusc species are
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA5308289EF92DF39AF1F3" baseAuthorityName="O. F. Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[505,672,1725,1749]" class="Gastropoda" family="Lymnaeidae" genus="Galba" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="truncatula">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA5308289EF92DF39AF1F3" box="[505,672,1725,1749]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Galba truncatula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082BCDF92DF19CF1D2" baseAuthorityName="Draparnaud" baseAuthorityYear="1805" class="Gastropoda" family="Physidae" genus="Physella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="acuta">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082BCDF92DF19CF1D2" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Physella acuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA530829D6F94CF0F4F1D3" authority="(Say, 1817)" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[177,462,1756,1781]" class="Gastropoda" family="Planorbidae" genus="Gyraulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parvus">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA530829D6F94CF068F1D2" box="[177,338,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gyraulus parvus</emphasis>
(Say, 1817)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082B64F94CF340F1D2" box="[515,634,1756,1780]" class="Bivalvia" family="Sphaeriidae" genus="Pisidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaeriida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082B64F94CF363F1D2" box="[515,601,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pisidium</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="8FB963E5FFBA53082916FAD6F33AF294" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774901" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14774901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774901/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" startId="21.[113,178,1350,1374]" targetBox="[114,1458,144,1322]" targetPageId="21" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBA53082916FAD6F33AF294" blockId="21.[113,1451,1349,1458]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082916FAD6F1ECF278" bold="true" box="[113,214,1350,1374]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figure 11.</emphasis>
Shells, operculum, and radulae of
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082B7FFAD5F212F27B" authorityName="Delicado, Khalloufi &amp; Hauffe" authorityYear="2025" box="[536,808,1349,1373]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="megastomus">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082B7FFAD5F212F27B" bold="true" box="[536,808,1349,1373]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pseudamnicola megastomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A, B, holotype (
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082AAEFAD6F58BF278" box="[969,1201,1350,1374]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">MNCN 15.05/200501H</emphasis>
). C, paratype (MNCN 15.05/200501P). D, shell (MNCN 15.05/95107). E, operculum (SEM photograph; outer side) (MNCN 15.05/200501P). F, protoconch (MNCN 15.05/200501P). G, portion of radula ribbon (MNCN 15.05/200501P). H, central radular teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P). I, outer marginal teeth (MNCN 15.05/200501P).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="93DC60E6FFBA530B28EBF884F3CBF145" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBA530828EBF884F0DAF008" blockId="21.[113,763,1812,2000]" box="[396,480,1812,1838]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA530828EBF884F0DAF008" box="[396,480,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFBA53082916F8AAF489F0F6" blockId="21.[113,763,1812,2000]" lastBlockId="21.[810,1461,1506,2000]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082916F8AAF045F074" ID-CoL="C86T3" authorityName="Delicado, Khalloufi &amp; Hauffe" authorityYear="2025" box="[113,383,1850,1874]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="megastomus">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082916F8AAF045F074" box="[113,383,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pseudamnicola megastomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has an unusually large shell aperture, comparable to that of
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082835F8CAF1C4F0B7" ID-CoL="78CJB" authority="Gloer, Bouzid &amp; Boeters, 2010" authorityName="Gloer, Bouzid &amp; Boeters" authorityYear="2010" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="algeriensis">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082835F8CAF377F054" box="[338,589,1882,1906]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pseudamnicola algeriensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BF574E9CFFBA53082B35F8CAF1C4F0B7" author="Gloer P &amp; Bouzid S &amp; Boeters HD" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref21786" refString="Gloer P, Bouzid S, Boeters HD. Revision of the genera Pseudamnicola Paulucci 1878 and Mercuria Boeters 1971 from Algeria with particular emphasis on museum collections (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia: Hydrobiidae). Archiv fur Molluskenkunde 2010; 139: 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / arch. moll / 1869 - 0963 / 139 / 001 - 022" type="journal article" year="2010">Glöer, Bouzid &amp; Boeters, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="BF574E9CFFBA5308286BF8E9F088F0B7" author="Gloer P &amp; Bouzid S &amp; Boeters HD" box="[268,434,1913,1937]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref21786" refString="Gloer P, Bouzid S, Boeters HD. Revision of the genera Pseudamnicola Paulucci 1878 and Mercuria Boeters 1971 from Algeria with particular emphasis on museum collections (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia: Hydrobiidae). Archiv fur Molluskenkunde 2010; 139: 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / arch. moll / 1869 - 0963 / 139 / 001 - 022" type="journal article" year="2010">
Glöer
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA5308282BF8EAF040F0B7" box="[332,378,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 14). However, specimens of
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082916F809F1C7F096" ID-CoL="C86T3" authorityName="Delicado, Khalloufi &amp; Hauffe" authorityYear="2025" box="[113,253,1945,1968]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="megastomus">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082916F809F1C7F096" box="[113,253,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. megastomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are slightly smaller and have a narrower last body whorl and a wider aperture than in the latter species. Its shell morphology is similar to that of a
<typeStatus id="047D8DCFFFBA53082DC7FA72F5C3F2DC" box="[1184,1273,1506,1530]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082C46FA72F5FDF13F" ID-CoL="4NJW5" authority="Gloer, Bouzid &amp; Boeters, 2010" authorityName="Gloer, Bouzid &amp; Boeters" authorityYear="2010" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ghamizii">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082C46FA72F245F13F" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pseudamnicola ghamizii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BF574E9CFFBA53082AE1F991F5FDF13F" author="Gloer P &amp; Bouzid S &amp; Boeters HD" box="[902,1223,1537,1561]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref21786" refString="Gloer P, Bouzid S, Boeters HD. Revision of the genera Pseudamnicola Paulucci 1878 and Mercuria Boeters 1971 from Algeria with particular emphasis on museum collections (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia: Hydrobiidae). Archiv fur Molluskenkunde 2010; 139: 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / arch. moll / 1869 - 0963 / 139 / 001 - 022" type="journal article" year="2010">Glöer, Bouzid &amp; Boeters, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="BF574E9CFFBA53082DBFF991F4BCF13F" author="Gloer P &amp; Bouzid S &amp; Boeters HD" box="[1240,1414,1537,1561]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref21786" refString="Gloer P, Bouzid S, Boeters HD. Revision of the genera Pseudamnicola Paulucci 1878 and Mercuria Boeters 1971 from Algeria with particular emphasis on museum collections (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia: Hydrobiidae). Archiv fur Molluskenkunde 2010; 139: 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / arch. moll / 1869 - 0963 / 139 / 001 - 022" type="journal article" year="2010">
Glöer
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082C7CF992F471F13F" box="[1307,1355,1537,1561]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 39), but differs in its higher shell and larger aperture. The species was recorded from north-eastern
<collectingCountry id="A3D173FDFFBA53082DD8F9D0F437F17E" box="[1215,1293,1600,1624]" name="Tunisia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
, where another accepted species of
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082D66F9CFF5A9F151" ID-CoL="7PDPZ" authorityName="Paulucci" authorityYear="1878" box="[1025,1171,1631,1655]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082D66F9CFF5A9F151" box="[1025,1171,1631,1655]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pseudamnicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082DC4F9F0F428F151" ID-CoL="4NJXM" authorityName="Boeters" authorityYear="1976" box="[1187,1298,1631,1655]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="meluzzii">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082DC4F9F0F428F151" box="[1187,1298,1631,1655]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. meluzzii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is distributed. The former can be distinguished easily by having a larger shell, a wider aperture, fewer cusps on the lateral and central radular teeth, and a longer bursa copulatrix. The features of the penis of both species are very similar. The newly discovered species in north-western
<collectingCountry id="A3D173FDFFBA53082AB8F96CF517F032" box="[991,1069,1788,1812]" name="Tunisia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082D5EF96CF5ACF035" ID-CoL="C86QP" authorityName="Delicado, Khalloufi &amp; Hauffe" authorityYear="2025" box="[1081,1174,1788,1811]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="araujoi">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082D5EF96CF5ACF035" box="[1081,1174,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. araujoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, differs from
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082C42F96CF489F035" ID-CoL="C86T3" authorityName="Delicado, Khalloufi &amp; Hauffe" authorityYear="2025" box="[1317,1459,1788,1811]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="megastomus">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082C42F96CF489F035" box="[1317,1459,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. megastomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a smaller and more globose shell, a shorter penis, and a less concentrated nervous system.
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082DC4F8AAF489F074" ID-CoL="C86T3" authorityName="Delicado, Khalloufi &amp; Hauffe" authorityYear="2025" box="[1187,1459,1850,1874]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="megastomus">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082DC4F8AAF489F074" box="[1187,1459,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pseudamnicola megastomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFBA53082A3FF8CAF2FCF054" ID-CoL="4NJVD" baseAuthorityName="Frauenfeld" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[856,966,1882,1906]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conovula">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082A3FF8CAF2FCF054" box="[856,966,1882,1906]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. conovula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were depicted as closely related species in previous studies (
<bibRefCitation id="BF574E9CFFBA53082AAFF8E9F59BF0B7" author="Delicado D &amp; Machordom A &amp; Ramos MA" box="[968,1185,1913,1937]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="403 - 17" refId="ref20723" refString="Delicado D, Machordom A, Ramos MA. Effects of habitat transition on the evolutionary patterns of the microgastropod genus Pseudamnicola (Mollusca, Hydrobiidae). Zoologica Scripta 2015; 44: 403 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zsc. 12104" type="journal article" year="2015">
Delicado
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082D48F8EAF55EF0B7" box="[1071,1124,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
, 2018,
<bibRefCitation id="BF574E9CFFBA53082D92F8E9F264F097" author="Boulaassafer K &amp; Ghamizi M &amp; Machordom A" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="396 - 416" refId="ref20276" refString="Boulaassafer K, Ghamizi M, Machordom A et al. Phylogenetic relationships within Pseudamnicola Paulucci, 1878 (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) indicate two independent dispersal events from different continents to the Balearic Islands. Systematics and Biodiversity 2020; 18: 396 - 416. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772000.2020.17714 66" type="journal article" year="2020">
Boulaassafer
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFBA53082CE7F8EAF48EF0B7" box="[1408,1460,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
) and by all our phylogenetic analyses (
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBA53082D90F808F40BF097" box="[1271,1329,1944,1969]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,1781,1805]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1753]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Morphological variation among Pseudamnicola species. Plots in the left and right columns display the results for the unsupervised model-based clustering and canonical variate analysis (CVA), respectively, based on four different datasets: A, principal components of shell shape; B, shell measurements; C, D, female and male genitalia measurements. The number of analyzed individuals (N) is indicated on the left side. Symbols and numbers on the right represent species assignments and correspond to those used in Figure 1. Abbreviations shown in images are explained in the Materials and methods section." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774875/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information,
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBA53082AD6F828F52CF0F6" box="[945,1046,1976,2000]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1788,1812]" captionTargetBox="[114,1457,149,1760]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Species validation by IBPP based on the species-tree topology from DELINEATE as the guide tree. Posterior probabilities of classification support are shown as three coloured boxes above branches for analyses with morphological linear measurements alone (left box), with mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences (middle box), and with all linear measurements and gene sequences (right box). Tips group the populations belonging to a particular species and are connected to our proposed taxonomic name.These are followed by the number of DNA-based methods that support each depicted species grouping.Pie charts on the right provide the percentage of individuals classified within a delimited species according to the canonical variate analysis of shell shape, shell linear measurements, and measurements of the female and male genitalia.According to DNA-sequence data, populations marked with an asterisk were lumped into a single species, but given their high morphological differentiation, they are now considered three separate species.Abbreviation: ND, no data available." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774883/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs S4–S</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="43FD2FE8FFBA53082D71F828F519F0F6" box="[1046,1059,1976,2000]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1387,1411]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1359]" captionTargetId="figure-304@14.[129,1473,144,1359]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Anatomy of Pseudamnicola araujoi. A–H, paratypes (UGSB 17299). A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach.C, partial nervous system.D, pallial oviduct. E, bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle.F, G, head of male and penis. H, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14774887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14774887/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">6</figureCitation>
). However, this relationship has always
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB79336DFFB9530B2D3EFFDAF3CBF145" blockId="22.[1113,1474,74,96]" lastBlockId="22.[129,778,1486,1636]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Gastropod species delimitation
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFB9530B2CEFFFDBF4F8F779" bold="true" box="[1416,1474,74,96]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">• 23</emphasis>
been poorly supported. A population of
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFB9530B2B5FFA5FF393F2C0" ID-CoL="4NJVD" baseAuthorityName="Frauenfeld" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[568,681,1486,1510]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conovula">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFB9530B2B5FFA5FF393F2C0" box="[568,681,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. conovula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
living at Toute Stream (
<collectingRegion id="1902FD8FFFB9530B287CFA7EF081F120" box="[283,443,1518,1542]" country="Tunisia" name="Bizerte" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bizerte Region</collectingRegion>
) and its conspecific populations differ from
<taxonomicName id="1CC648EEFFB9530B299FF99EF0BCF103" ID-CoL="C86T3" authorityName="Delicado, Khalloufi &amp; Hauffe" authorityYear="2025" box="[248,390,1550,1573]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pseudamnicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="megastomus">
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFB9530B299FF99EF0BCF103" box="[248,390,1550,1573]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. megastomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
according to their different shell features and female reproductive anatomy. The average sequence divergence among these four species was 2.5%–7.4% for
<emphasis id="E9B2EF7FFFB9530B2BD8F9DCF3D1F145" box="[703,747,1612,1635]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">COI</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink