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<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4334408" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e89a8dfa-e923-4a01-97f4-4edd4a0b8db0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166018116" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4334408" approvedBy="poa" checkinTime="1596207678408" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Grazia, Jocelia, Schuh, Randall T. &amp; Wheeler, Ward C." docDate="2008" docId="03E187AB6B76FFF2FFC8F9F6152A4AEC" docLanguage="en" docName="Cladistics.24.932-976.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Cladistics 24" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Dinidoridae Stal 1867" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="967" masterDocId="FFD8FFD36B55FFD1FFB9FF8611774F5E" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic relationships of family groups in Pentatomoidea based on morphology and DNA sequences (Insecta: Heteroptera)" masterLastPageNumber="976" masterPageNumber="932" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" updateTime="1635478016111" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Phylogenetic relationships of family groups in Pentatomoidea based on morphology and DNA sequences (Insecta: Heteroptera)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Grazia, Jocelia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jocelia@ufrgs.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Schuh, Randall T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wheeler, Ward C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Cladistics</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2008-11-21</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>24</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>932</mods:start>
<mods:end>976</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00224.x</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">e89a8dfa-e923-4a01-97f4-4edd4a0b8db0</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3968591</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4334408" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166018116" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4334408" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E187AB6B76FFF2FFC8F9F6152A4AEC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E187AB6B76FFF2FFC8F9F6152A4AEC" lastPageNumber="967" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">
<subSubSection box="[113,357,1648,1672]" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="35.[113,751,1648,1886]" box="[113,357,1648,1672]" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">
<heading bold="true" box="[113,357,1648,1672]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" reason="0">
<taxonomicName authority="Stal" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[113,357,1648,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
<emphasis box="[113,357,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">DINIDORIDAE Stål</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="967" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="35.[113,751,1648,1886]" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">
<emphasis box="[140,251,1679,1703]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">Historical</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Durai, P. S. S." box="[271,424,1679,1703]" journalOrPublisher="Insects" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" pagination="163 - 360" part="21" refId="ref28692" refString="Durai, P. S. S., 1987. A revision of the Dinidoridae of the world (Heteroptera: Pentatomoidea). Orient. Insects 21, 163 - 360." title="A revision of the Dinidoridae of the world (Heteroptera: Pentatomoidea). Orient" type="journal article" year="1987">Durai (1987)</bibRefCitation>
, in a world revision of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[113,253,1709,1733]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dinidoridae</taxonomicName>
, recognized the subfamilies
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Stal" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[606,746,1709,1733]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dinidorinae">Dinidorinae</taxonomicName>
, with the two tribes
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[379,499,1740,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Dinidorini">Dinidorini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nuamah" authorityYear="1982" box="[578,685,1740,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Thalmini">Thalmini</taxonomicName>
, and
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="35.[113,751,1648,1886]" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[113,276,1770,1794]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Megymeninae">Megymeninae</taxonomicName>
, also with two tribes,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[553,695,1770,1794]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Megymenini">Megymenini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1907" box="[113,250,1801,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Eumenotini">Eumenotini</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation author="Lis, J. A." box="[273,399,1801,1825]" journalOrPublisher="Ann. Upper Silesian Mus., Entomol." pageId="35" pageNumber="967" pagination="103 - 147" part="1" refId="ref30638" refString="Lis, J. A., 1990. New genera, new species, new records and checklist of the Old World Dinidoridae (Heteroptera, Pentatomoidea). Ann. Upper Silesian Mus., Entomol. 1, 103 - 147." title="New genera, new species, new records and checklist of the Old World Dinidoridae (Heteroptera, Pentatomoidea)" type="journal article" year="1990">Lis (1990)</bibRefCitation>
catalogued the Old World
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[113,254,1831,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dinidoridae</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation author="Rolston, L. H. &amp; Rider, D. A. &amp; Murray, M. J. &amp; Aalbu, R. L." box="[278,538,1831,1855]" journalOrPublisher="Agric. For. Fish." pageId="35" pageNumber="967" pagination="22 - 101" part="39" refId="ref31497" refString="Rolston, L. H., Rider, D. A., Murray, M. J., Aalbu, R. L., 1996. Catalog of the Dinidoridae of the World. Papua New Guinea J. Agric. For. Fish. 39, 22 - 101." title="Catalog of the Dinidoridae of the World. Papua New Guinea J" type="journal article" year="1996">Rolston et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
summarized the current classification in their world catalogue of Dini-
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="35.[815,1453,182,1458]" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">
doridae.
<bibRefCitation author="Gapud, V." box="[927,1095,182,206]" journalOrPublisher="Philippine Entomol." pageId="35" pageNumber="967" pagination="865 - 961" part="8" refId="ref29174" refString="Gapud, V., 1991. A generic revision of the subfamily Asopinae with consideration of its phylogenetic position in the family Pentatomidae and superfamily Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). Philippine Entomol. 8, 865 - 961." title="A generic revision of the subfamily Asopinae with consideration of its phylogenetic position in the family Pentatomidae and superfamily Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera)" type="journal article" year="1991">Gapud (1991)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[1254,1391,182,206]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dinidoridae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1864" box="[815,994,212,236]" class="Insecta" family="Tessaratomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tessaratomidae</taxonomicName>
to be sister groups with two synapomorphies supporting the grouping: partially exposed spiracles on the second abdominal segment (these
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="35.[815,1453,182,1458]" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">
becoming completely exposed in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1864" box="[1204,1387,304,328]" class="Insecta" family="Tessaratomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tessaratomidae</taxonomicName>
), and greatly enlarged ninth paratergites. The
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[1271,1411,334,358]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dinidoridae</taxonomicName>
, on the other hand, is separated from the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1864" box="[1239,1418,365,389]" class="Insecta" family="Tessaratomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tessaratomidae</taxonomicName>
by the reduced gonangulum and the enlarged and often reticulate hemelytral membrane, both of which characters are not found exclusively in this group.
<bibRefCitation author="Kocorek, A. &amp; Lis, J. A." journalOrPublisher="Polskie Pismo Entomol." pageId="35" pageNumber="967" pagination="7 - 30" part="69" refId="ref29943" refString="Kocorek, A., Lis, J. A., 2000. A cladistic revision of the Megymeninae of the world (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Dinidoridae). Polskie Pismo Entomol. 69, 7 - 30." title="A cladistic revision of the Megymeninae of the world (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Dinidoridae)" type="journal article" year="2000">Kocorek and Lis (2000)</bibRefCitation>
, in a cladistic revision of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Megymeninae">Megymeninae</taxonomicName>
, proposed anew tribe,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kokorek and Lis" box="[1161,1311,518,542]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Byrsodepsini">Byrsodepsini</taxonomicName>
, and established
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1907" box="[890,1023,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Eumenotini">Eumenotini</taxonomicName>
as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Amyot &amp; Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[1310,1452,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Megymenini">Megymenini</taxonomicName>
<emphasis box="[815,960,579,603]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">sensu stricto.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="35.[815,1453,182,1458]" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">
<emphasis box="[841,1037,610,634]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">Analytical result:</emphasis>
After extensive searching, we were unable to secure, either through our own fieldwork or that of others, material adequate for sequencing other than for the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1831" box="[1027,1171,701,725]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" genus="Megymenum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1027,1171,701,725]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">Megymenum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, leaving the
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Stal" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1315,1452,701,725]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dinidorinae">Dinidorinae</taxonomicName>
without molecular data. Our unweighted and successively weighted morphological analyses (
<figureCitation box="[1275,1360,762,786]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[135,168,1840,1859]" captionTargetBox="[194,1414,184,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[194,1323,183,1807]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 42. Strict consensus of 96 most parsimonious trees for full-taxon morphological data set, with unsupported nodes supressed. Length = 207; consistency index = 42; retention index = 86. (d) Non-homoplasious; (s) homoplasious." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3968609/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">Figs 42</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation box="[1417,1445,762,786]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="23.[113,146,1819,1838]" captionTargetBox="[156,1411,184,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[156,1411,191,1787]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Fig. 43. Strict consensus of three trees derived from successive weighting of the results shown in Fig. 42. (d) Non-homoplasious; (s) homoplasious." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3968611/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">43</figureCitation>
) treat the broadly conceived
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[1130,1267,793,817]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dinidoridae</taxonomicName>
as paraphyletic; analysis of the morphological data under implied weights using PIWE (
<figureCitation box="[1066,1149,854,878]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[135,168,1801,1820]" captionTargetBox="[143,1466,184,1769]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[143,1466,192,1769]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 44. Strict consensus of 12 trees derived from implied weighting analysis of morphological data using PIWE. (d) Non-homoplasious; (s) homoplasious." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3968613/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
) treats the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[1282,1419,854,878]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dinidoridae</taxonomicName>
as a monophyletic subset of a paraphyletic
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" family="Tessaratomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tessaratomidae</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1831" box="[881,1025,915,939]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" genus="Megymenum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[881,1025,915,939]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">Megymenum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is treated as the sister-group of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1864" box="[815,994,945,969]" class="Insecta" family="Tessaratomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tessaratomidae</taxonomicName>
in the 52-taxon molecular and combined analyses when using a 1: 1 cost ratio (
<figureCitation box="[1318,1403,976,1000]" captionStart="Figs 45–48. 45" captionStartId="25.[113,152,1786,1805]" captionTargetBox="[141,1425,1005,1754]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figs 45–48. 45. One of two trees derived from analysis of combined molecular data with 1: 1 indel ⁄transition–transversion cost ratio. 46. Single tree derived from analysis of combined molecular data with 2: 2 indel ⁄ transition–transversion cost ratio. 47. Single tree derived from analysis of ~500 bp of 16S rRNA data using 1: 1 indel ⁄ transition–transversion cost ratio. 48. Single tree derived from analysis of ~1800 bp of 18S rRNA using 1: 1 indel ⁄ transition–transversion cost ratio." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968615" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3968615/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">Figs 45</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation box="[815,845,1006,1030]" captionStart="Figs 49–52. 49" captionStartId="27.[113,152,1804,1823]" captionTargetBox="[181,1384,1071,1772]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figs 49–52. 49. Single tree derived from analysis of ~470 bp of 28S rRNA using 1: 1 indel ⁄ transition–transversion cost ratio. 50. Single tree derived from analysis of ~1100 bp of COI mtDNA using 1: 1 indel ⁄transition–transversion cost ratio. 51. Total evidence analysis with POY of 52- taxon data set using 1: 1 indel ⁄ transition–transversion cost ratio. 52. Total evidence analysis with POY of 52-taxon data set using 2: 2 indel ⁄ transition–transversion cost ratio." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968617" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3968617/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">51</figureCitation>
). In the 92-taxon combined analyses, the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[1315,1452,1006,1030]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dinidoridae</taxonomicName>
is paraphyletic within a larger
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1864" box="[1178,1357,1037,1061]" class="Insecta" family="Tessaratomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tessaratomidae</taxonomicName>
using a 1: 1 cost ratio (
<figureCitation box="[1023,1108,1068,1092]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[135,168,1740,1759]" captionTargetBox="[177,1432,184,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[177,1432,183,1708]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 53. One of six trees from total evidence analysis with POY of 92-taxon data set using 1: 1 indel ⁄ transition–transversion cost ratio. (d) Non-homoplasious; (s) homoplasious." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3968619/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
), is the monophyletic sister group of a monophyletic
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1864" box="[1117,1296,1098,1122]" class="Insecta" family="Tessaratomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tessaratomidae</taxonomicName>
using a 1: 2 cost ratio (
<figureCitation box="[948,1032,1129,1153]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[113,146,1878,1897]" captionTargetBox="[187,1378,184,1843]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[187,1378,183,1843]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 54. One of four trees from total evidence analysis with POY of 92-taxon data set using 1: 2 indel ⁄ transition–transversion cost ratio. (d) Non-homoplasious; (s) homoplasious." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3968621/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
), and also includes
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1849" box="[1274,1375,1129,1153]" class="Insecta" family="Urostylididae" genus="Urochela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1274,1375,1129,1153]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">Urochela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Urostylididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Urostylididae</taxonomicName>
) when applying a 2: 2 cost ratio (
<figureCitation box="[1355,1440,1159,1183]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[135,168,1651,1670]" captionTargetBox="[177,1431,184,1620]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[177,1432,183,1620]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 55. One of three trees from total evidence analysis with POY of 92-taxon data set using 2: 2 indel ⁄transition–transversion cost ratio, which had the lowest MRI value. Bremer support values are shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3968623/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="967">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
). The close association of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1867" box="[1192,1329,1190,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Dinidoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dinidoridae</taxonomicName>
with the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1864" box="[815,994,1220,1244]" class="Insecta" family="Tessaratomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tessaratomidae</taxonomicName>
in our analyses is concordant with the conclusions of
<bibRefCitation author="Gapud, V." box="[984,1144,1251,1275]" journalOrPublisher="Philippine Entomol." pageId="35" pageNumber="967" pagination="865 - 961" part="8" refId="ref29174" refString="Gapud, V., 1991. A generic revision of the subfamily Asopinae with consideration of its phylogenetic position in the family Pentatomidae and superfamily Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). Philippine Entomol. 8, 865 - 961." title="A generic revision of the subfamily Asopinae with consideration of its phylogenetic position in the family Pentatomidae and superfamily Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera)" type="journal article" year="1991">Gapud (1991)</bibRefCitation>
, although there is no clearcut set of morphological characters that diagnoses that larger grouping. Future efforts should aim to produce a more broad-based taxon sample of sequence data for the group to test more rigorously its monophyly as well as its relationship with the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1864" box="[1103,1282,1404,1428]" class="Insecta" family="Tessaratomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tessaratomidae</taxonomicName>
as well as the remaining
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Bonatto" box="[938,1114,1434,1458]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="967" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Pentatomoidea">Pentatomoidea</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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