576 lines
52 KiB
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576 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.148.50042" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1224cf7b-1d2d-4657-89e9-11fee1f5ea0b" ID-PMC="PMC7266835" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-148-21" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6E288E0A8F725B2787799DD17F2B1642" ID-PubMed="32523392" ModsDocID="1314-2003-148-21" checkinTime="1590560163243" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sylvester, Steven P., Peterson, Paul M., Romaschenko, Konstantin, Bravo-Pedraza, William J., Cuta-Alarcon, Lia E. & Soreng, Robert J." docDate="2020" docId="49E969244034560C845204696EF4BDB3" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 148: 21-50" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 148" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.148.50042" docTitle="Podagrostis trichodes Sylvester & Soreng 2020, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="6E288E0A8F725B2787799DD17F2B1642" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="6E288E0A8F725B2787799DD17F2B1642" masterDocTitle="New combinations and updated descriptions in Podagrostis (Agrostidinae, Poaceae) from the Neotropics and Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1668139801695" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New combinations and updated descriptions in Podagrostis (Agrostidinae, Poaceae) from the Neotropics and Mexico</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sylvester, Steven P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Long Pan Road No. 159, Nanjing, 210037, China & Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW 9 3 AE, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5577-8782</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">steven_sylvester@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Peterson, Paul M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 20560, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Romaschenko, Konstantin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 20560, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bravo-Pedraza, William J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Grupo Sistematica Biologica, Herbario UPTC, Escuela de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia, Avenida Central del Norte 39 - 115, Tunja-Boyaca, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cuta-Alarcon, Lia E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Grupo Sistematica Biologica, Herbario UPTC, Escuela de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia, Avenida Central del Norte 39 - 115, Tunja-Boyaca, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Soreng, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 20560, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-4915</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>148</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>21</mods:start>
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<mods:end>50</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
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||
<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.148.50042</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.148.50042</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-148-21</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6E288E0A8F725B2787799DD17F2B1642</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164360814" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:49E969244034560C845204696EF4BDB3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/49E969244034560C845204696EF4BDB3" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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<taxonomicName LSID="49E96924-4034-560C-8452-04696EF4BDB3" authority="(Kunth) Sylvester & Soreng" authorityName="Sylvester & Soreng" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Sylvester & Soreng" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis trichodes" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichodes" status="comb. nov.">Podagrostis trichodes (Kunth) Sylvester & Soreng</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="21">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Podagrostis trichodes. A Whole plant B spikelets, with the floret detached and raised above the glumes so that the rachilla prolongation (indicated with a red arrow) can be seen C section of inflorescence D leaf blade, showing abaxial surface. A, B images of specimen L. E. Cuta-Alarcon 362 (FMB) C, D images of specimen M. C. Gomez 1 (US 3534984)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.148.50042.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/413786" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Aira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aira trichodes" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichodes">Aira trichodes</taxonomicName>
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(Kunth) Spreng., Syst. Veg. [Sprengel]) 1: 276. 1825[1824].
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis trichodes" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichodes">Agrostis trichodes</taxonomicName>
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(Kunth) Roem. & Schult., Systema Vegetabilium 2: 361. 1817.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1816" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Vilfa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vilfa trichodes" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichodes">Vilfa trichodes</taxonomicName>
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Kunth, Nova Genera et Species Plantarum (quarto ed.) 1: 139. 1815[1816].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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=
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hack" authorityYear="1910" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis bogotensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bogotensis">Agrostis bogotensis</taxonomicName>
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Hack., Repert. Nov. Sp. Fedde 8: 518. 1910. Type: Colombia. S. Cristobal prope Bogota [
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<normalizedToken originalValue="près">pres</normalizedToken>
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de Bogota], [2500-3000 m alt.], 13 July 1908,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">F. Apolliniaire</emphasis>
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s.n. (holotype: W (W19160027256 [image!]); isotypes: BM (BM000938528 [image!]), MPU (MPU027104 [image!]), SI (SI000495 [image!] fragm. ex US), US (US75365 fragm. [not seen])).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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Peru. Crescit in crepidinibus Andium Peruvianum justa Montan, Santa Cruz et Guambos, alt. 1350 hexap. [2469 m alt.], floret Augusto,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">F.W.H.A. Humboldt & A.J.A. Bonpland s.n.</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">holotype</emphasis>
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: P [not seen];
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">isotypes</emphasis>
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: HAL (HAL0106929 [image!]), US (US75364! fragm. ex P)).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.148.50042.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/413786" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Figure 5.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester & Soreng" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Sylvester & Soreng" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis trichodes" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Podagrostis trichodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">A</emphasis>
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Whole plant
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">B</emphasis>
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spikelets, with the floret detached and raised above the glumes so that the rachilla prolongation (indicated with a red arrow) can be seen
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">C</emphasis>
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section of inflorescence
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">D</emphasis>
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leaf blade, showing abaxial surface.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">A, B</emphasis>
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images of specimen L.E. Cuta-Alarcon 362 (FMB)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">C, D</emphasis>
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images of specimen M.C. Gomez 1 (US3534984).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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<taxonomicName genus="Tufted" lsidName="Tufted perennial" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="perennial">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Tufted perennial</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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forming short dense tufts, with the basal mats reaching c. 4-11 cm tall and inflorescences well-exserted from the basal foliage.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Tillers</emphasis>
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intravaginal.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Culms</emphasis>
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7-20(-30) cm tall, erect, simple, delicate;
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">nodes and internodes</emphasis>
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terete, smooth, nodes usually hidden in the sheaths with 0(-1) nodes exposed at flowering, uppermost internode usually <1 cm long, usually not longer than the sheath.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Leaves</emphasis>
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generally basal;
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">sheaths</emphasis>
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terete, glabrous, finely to densely scabrous; flag sheath 2-5.6 cm long; basal sheaths 0.7-1.5 cm long, striate, becoming fibrous;
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">ligules</emphasis>
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0.7-1.7(-2.5) mm long, membranaceous, slightly to usually strongly decurrent with the sheath; flag ligules acute with a obtuse to truncate apex, usually slightly erose towards the apex; ligules of tillers 0.7-1.2 mm long, truncate;
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">blades</emphasis>
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1-4 cm long, 0.3-0.4 mm wide in diameter, involute or convolute, acicular to capillaceous and filiform, usually curved, abaxial surface glabrous, finely to densely scabrous, adaxial surface glabrous, lightly to usually densely scabrous with prickle hairs usually short, less often long and robust.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Panicles</emphasis>
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2-5(-6)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1-2(-3) cm, open, ovoid;
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">panicle branches</emphasis>
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ascendant to patent, branched above the middle, filiform, with spikelets not present near the base, smooth to usually scaberulous, longest branches 0.8-3 cm long;
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">pedicels</emphasis>
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1-2 mm long, usually longer than the length of the spikelets, divaricate, smooth to usually lightly scabrous.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Spikelets</emphasis>
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1-1.5 mm long;
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">glumes</emphasis>
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remaining on the inflorescence at maturity or one or both readily caducous at maturity and falling before the floret, equal or subequal, the lower often slightly longer than the upper or less often vice versa, almost equaling the length of the floret or slightly longer, oblong-lanceolate, slightly to distinctly keeled, apex obtuse to acute, glabrous, keels scabrous just in the distal 1/3 to throughout their length, surfaces smooth a scabrous distally; lower glume 1-veined; upper glume 1- or 3-veined;
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">lemmas</emphasis>
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1-1.5 mm long, glabrous, moderately to densely scabrous (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘smooth’">'smooth'</normalizedToken>
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possibly mentioned by
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<bibRefCitation author="Tovar, O" journalOrPublisher="Ruizia" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 480" refId="B33" refString="Tovar, O, 1993. Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru. Ruizia 13: 1 - 480" title="Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru." volume="13" year="1993">Tovar 1993</bibRefCitation>
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!), sometimes granulose, faintly to strongly 5-veined, apex obtuse, awn lacking or to 0.5 mm long, straight, inserted medially or in the upper half of the lemma;
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">paleas</emphasis>
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(0.7-)0.9-1.3 mm long, usually reaching from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
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to subequaling the lemma, less often reaching 2/3 the length of the lemma, keels obscure to fairly prominent, smooth, apex bifid and erose;
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">rachilla</emphasis>
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absent or prolonged from the base of the floret (sometimes lacking in a small number of spikelets within the inflorescence), 0.2-0.5 mm long, glabrous, smooth to scabrous.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Calluses</emphasis>
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0.05-0.1 mm long, slightly elongated or not, glabrous.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Flowers; lodicules</emphasis>
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c. 0.4 mm long, lanceolate with acute apices, not lobed;
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">anthers</emphasis>
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3 in number, 0.4-1 mm long.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Caryopses</emphasis>
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c. 1 mm long, subterete, sulcus distinct, dark brown with apex dark; hilum 0.25 mm long, narrowly ovoid; endosperm solid. 2n = unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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Bolivia?, Colombia, Ecuador?, Peru, Venezuela, 2800-4500 m alt. Relatively humid high-Andean puna grasslands of southern and central Peru and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
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grasslands of Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela.
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<bibRefCitation author="Tovar, O" journalOrPublisher="Ruizia" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 480" refId="B33" refString="Tovar, O, 1993. Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru. Ruizia 13: 1 - 480" title="Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru." volume="13" year="1993">Tovar (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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mentions that the species may also occur in Bolivia, presumably in high-elevation cool and humid sites such as the Bolivian Yungas which have been referred to as
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<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Garcia, EE" editor="Moraes, M" journalOrPublisher="Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="51 - 76" refId="B6" refString="Garcia, EE, Beck, SG, 2006. Puna. In: Moraes, M, Ollgaard, B, Kvist, LP, Borchsenius, F, Balslev, H, Eds., Botanica Economica de los Andes Centrales. Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz: 51 - 76" title="Puna." volumeTitle="Botanica Economica de los Andes Centrales." year="2006">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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and Beck 2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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), although no specimens have been verified by the authors. No specimens at the US herbarium were found from Ecuador after careful searching by the first author, although it is mentioned to occur there (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hitchcock, AS" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="291 - 556" refId="B12" refString="Hitchcock, AS, 1927. The grasses of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 24 (8): 291 - 556" title="The grasses of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia." volume="24" year="1927">Hitchcock 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
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<bibRefCitation author="Tovar, O" journalOrPublisher="Ruizia" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 480" refId="B33" refString="Tovar, O, 1993. Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru. Ruizia 13: 1 - 480" title="Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru." volume="13" year="1993">Tovar 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
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<bibRefCitation author="Jorgensen, PM" journalOrPublisher="AAU Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 443" refId="B15" refString="Jorgensen, PM, Ulloa-Ulloa, C, 1994. Seed plants of the high Andes of Ecuador: A checklist. AAU Reports 34: 1 - 443" title="Seed plants of the high Andes of Ecuador: A checklist." volume="34" year="1994">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jørgensen">Jorgensen</normalizedToken>
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and Ulloa-Ulloa 1994
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Jorgensen, PM" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" refId="B14" refString="Jorgensen, PM, Leon-Yanez, S, 1999. Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181." title="Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1 - 1181." year="1999">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jørgensen">Jorgensen</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="León-Yánez">Leon-Yanez</normalizedToken>
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1999
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Luteyn, JL" journalOrPublisher="AAU Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" refId="B16" refString="Luteyn, JL, 1999. Paramos, a checklist of plant diversity, geographical distribution, and botanical literature. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 84: viii-xv, 1-278." title="Paramos, a checklist of plant diversity, geographical distribution, and botanical literature. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 84: viii-xv, 1 - 278." year="1999">Luteyn 1999</bibRefCitation>
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). In Colombia, the taxon is known from multiple collections from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
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of the Cordillera Oriental of the Colombian Andes, belonging to Departamentos Cundinamarca,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Santander, Santander Norte and Cesar. We present new regional records of the species for Departamentos Santander Norte and Cesar which are not mentioned in the recent checklist (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Giraldo-Canas, D" editor="Bernal, R" journalOrPublisher="2. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C." pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="2127 - 2205" refId="B7" refString="Giraldo-Canas, D, Londono, X, Clark, LG, 2016. Poaceae. In: Bernal, R, Gradstein, SR, Celis, M, Eds., Catalogo de plantas y liquenes de Colombia, vol. 2. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D.C.: 2127 - 2205" title="Poaceae." volumeTitle="Catalogo de plantas y liquenes de Colombia, vol." year="2016">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Giraldo-Cañas">Giraldo-Canas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Giraldo-Canas, D" editor="Bernal, R" journalOrPublisher="2. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C." pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="2127 - 2205" refId="B7" refString="Giraldo-Canas, D, Londono, X, Clark, LG, 2016. Poaceae. In: Bernal, R, Gradstein, SR, Celis, M, Eds., Catalogo de plantas y liquenes de Colombia, vol. 2. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D.C.: 2127 - 2205" title="Poaceae." volumeTitle="Catalogo de plantas y liquenes de Colombia, vol." year="2016">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Giraldo-Cañas">Giraldo-Canas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also cite
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis trichodes" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Agrostis trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for Departamento Meta, in the southernmost part of the Cordillera Oriental, and Departamento Magdalena, which contains
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, although no specimens have been verified. In Venezuela, the species is found in
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the Cordillera de Merida.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Usually found in frequently grazed areas where its short basal tufts of leaves are difficult for grazers to reach. Specimens from Peru appear to be found in humid habitats, with the specimens studied by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tovar, O" journalOrPublisher="Ruizia" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 480" refId="B33" refString="Tovar, O, 1993. Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru. Ruizia 13: 1 - 480" title="Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru." volume="13" year="1993">Tovar (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
collected from the Abra Malaga of the Cusco region which is relatively humid and receives updrafts of moisture-laden air from the Amazon (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12176" author="Sylvester, SP" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vegetation Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1225 - 1234" refId="B28" refString="Sylvester, SP, Sylvester, MDPV, Kessler, M, 2014. Inaccessible ledges as refuges for the natural vegetation of the high Andes. Journal of Vegetation Science 25 (5): 1225 - 1234, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12176" title="Inaccessible ledges as refuges for the natural vegetation of the high Andes." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12176" volume="25" year="2014">Sylvester et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03500-7" author="Sylvester, SP" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination=": 3334" refId="B29" refString="Sylvester, SP, Heitkamp, F, Sylvester, MDPV, Jungkunst, HF, Sipman, HJM, Toivonen, JM, Gonzales Inca, C, Ospina Gonzalez, JC, Kessler, M, 2017. Relict high-Andean ecosystems challenge our concepts of naturalness and human impact. Scientific Reports 7 (1): 3334, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03500-7" title="Relict high-Andean ecosystems challenge our concepts of naturalness and human impact." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03500-7" volume="7" year="2017">2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). While
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is relatively common in
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
|
||
of Colombia and Venezuela, it may be that this species is much rarer further south and, in Peru, belongs to a thin band of humid
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo-like">paramo-like</normalizedToken>
|
||
vegetation that extends from the Peruvian Jalca down through southern Peru and into the Bolivian Yungas (Antoine Cleef, pers. communication).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Colombia.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Munic. Chiscas, Vereda Rechiniga,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
|
||
de la Mesa,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="área">area</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="húmeda">humeda</normalizedToken>
|
||
semiperturbada de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
|
||
, con
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Espeletia</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Puya</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Ageratina</emphasis>
|
||
e
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Hypericum</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="6.59515" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.59515">6.59515N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="72.44359" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.44359">72.44359W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 3741 m alt., 3 Mar. 2018, S.P. Sylvester 3091 (K, US, FMB); Munic. Chiscas,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Chacaritas,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="límites">limites</normalizedToken>
|
||
entre
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
|
||
y
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="superpáramo">superparamo</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="6.62865" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.62865">6.62865N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="72.39440" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.3944">72.39440W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 4064 m alt., 4 Mar. 2018, S.P. Sylvester 3103 (K., US); Munic. Chiscas,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
|
||
el
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Peñon">Penon</normalizedToken>
|
||
, borde de bosque de
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Platyrhacidae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Polylepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="6.60119" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.60119">6.60119N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="72.43715" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.43715">72.43715W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 3917 m alt., 5 Mar. 2018, S.P. Sylvester 3157 (K, US, FMB, COL, UPTC, SI); Munic. Duitama,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
|
||
de la Rusia, en la carretera que conduce a la
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Peña">Pena</normalizedToken>
|
||
Negra,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
|
||
con rocas expuestas, 5,58389N, 73,053263W, 3970 m alt., 21 Nov. 2017, M. Vorontsova 2218 (K, US, FMB, SI). Munic. Duitama,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
|
||
de la Rusia,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="vía">via</normalizedToken>
|
||
que conduce a la Vereda
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Avendaños">Avendanos</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="5.93247" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="5.93247">5.93247N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="73.0798" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-73.0798">73.0798W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 3726 m alt., 4 Oct. 2017, S.P. Sylvester 3038 (K, US, FMB, UPTC); Munic. Duitama,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Agueros, en la
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="vía">via</normalizedToken>
|
||
que conduce a la vereda
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Avendaños">Avendanos</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Se observa evidencia de fuego y pastoreo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="5.91464" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="5.91464">5.91464N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="73.07114" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-73.07114">73.07114W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 3445W m alt., 28 Oct. 2017, S.P. Sylvester 3067ª (K, US, FMB); Munic. Mongua,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Oceta, Valle de Laguna Negra,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="vegetación">vegetacion</normalizedToken>
|
||
de pajonal frailejonal con presencia de pastoreo de vacunos,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="5.69525" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="5.69525">5.69525N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="72.79133" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.79133">72.79133W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 3694 m alt., 29 Nov. 2017, L.E.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cuta-Alarcón">Cuta-Alarcon</normalizedToken>
|
||
354 (K, US, FMB).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Santander</emphasis>
|
||
: Paramo de la Angostura, Vereda El Mortino,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="6.958333">06°57'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-72.725">72°43'30"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 3605 m alt., 17 Nov. 2007, M.C. Gomez 1 (US-3534984).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Santander Norte & Cesar</emphasis>
|
||
: Limites entre Santander Norte y Cesar jurisdicciones, Cerro de Oroque, 3700-3900 m alt., 22-27 July 1974, H. Garcia-Barriga 20588 (US29665591; US2966621).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Venezuela.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mérida">Merida</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Sierra Nevada, 9000 ft, 1847, Funck & Schlim 1630 (US); Sierra Nevada de Santo Domingo, between partaderos and Timotes, Paramo de Mucuchies, Pico Aguila, 4118 m alt., 21-26 Nov. 1959, H.G. Barclay 9685 (US3044346); Sierra Nevada de Santo Domingo, Paramo de Mucubaji, alrededores de la Laguna Grande, 3560-3600 m alt., 19 Nov. 1959, H.G. Barclay 9546 (US3096576); Sierra Nevada de Santo Domingo, Paramo Laguna de Mucubaji, carretera Barinas-Merida, 4200 m alt., 15 Nov. 1958, B. Trujillo 4072 (US3652663).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Trujillo</emphasis>
|
||
: Munic. Bocono, Laguna Eco to Pico Guarigay (summit), Monumento Natural Teta de Niquitao-Guirigay, summit of Pico Guarigay, 3600-3870 m alt., 16 Sep. 2003, B. Stergios 20450 (US00772686); Munic. Bocono, Laguna Larga, via Laguna Las Parias to Laguna Eco, Paramo de Motumbo, Monumento Natural Teta de Niquitao-Guirigay, 3400-3600 m alt., 15 Sep. 2003, B. Stergios 20420 (US00772685); Along the border with Merida state, 3400 m alt., 14 Sep. 2003, B. Stergios 20315 (US00772683); B. Stergios 20358 (US00772684); Monumento Natural Teta de Niquitao-Guirigay, sector Las Veguitas, 3060-3080 m alt., 20-21 Aug. 2002, L.J. Dorr 9157 (US00728039); Monumento Natural Teta de Niquitao-Guirigay, Paramo Guirigay, 3400-3600 m alt., 2-3 Aug. 2002, B. Stergios 19851 (US00728050).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Briceno, B" editor="Morillo, GN" journalOrPublisher="2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="599 - 711" refId="B2" refString="Briceno, B, 2010. Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae). In: Morillo, GN, Briceno, B, Silva, JF, Eds., Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol. 2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida: 599 - 711" title="Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R. Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae)." volumeTitle="Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol." year="2010">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Briceño">Briceno</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted the possible relationship of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis trichodes" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Agrostis trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Podagrostis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the rachilla prolongation. While studying specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">A. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
|
||
of Colombia and Venezuela, SPS noted certain characteristics differed from the type collected in Peru, the protologue, and the description in the treatment of grasses of Peru (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tovar, O" journalOrPublisher="Ruizia" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 480" refId="B33" refString="Tovar, O, 1993. Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru. Ruizia 13: 1 - 480" title="Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru." volume="13" year="1993">Tovar 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These characteristics, including presence of a rachilla prolongation emerging from the base of the florets, and lemmas sometimes with a short dorsally inserted awn, are also shared by
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. bacillata" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="bacillata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">A. bacillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. exserta" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="exserta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">A. exserta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and highlight the connection of this species to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Podagrostis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
|
||
The character of awn presence was not noted for this species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hitchcock, AS" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="291 - 556" refId="B12" refString="Hitchcock, AS, 1927. The grasses of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 24 (8): 291 - 556" title="The grasses of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia." volume="24" year="1927">Hitchcock (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
nor
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tovar, O" journalOrPublisher="Ruizia" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 480" refId="B33" refString="Tovar, O, 1993. Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru. Ruizia 13: 1 - 480" title="Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru." volume="13" year="1993">Tovar (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, although
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Briceno, B" editor="Morillo, GN" journalOrPublisher="2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="599 - 711" refId="B2" refString="Briceno, B, 2010. Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae). In: Morillo, GN, Briceno, B, Silva, JF, Eds., Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol. 2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida: 599 - 711" title="Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R. Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae)." volumeTitle="Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol." year="2010">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Briceño">Briceno</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentions this for Venezuelan material. While
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hitchcock, AS" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="291 - 556" refId="B12" refString="Hitchcock, AS, 1927. The grasses of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 24 (8): 291 - 556" title="The grasses of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia." volume="24" year="1927">Hitchcock (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
highlights the rachilla prolongation as a crucial character for distinguishing this species from other
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Agrostis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tovar, O" journalOrPublisher="Ruizia" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 480" refId="B33" refString="Tovar, O, 1993. Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru. Ruizia 13: 1 - 480" title="Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru." volume="13" year="1993">Tovar (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not mention it. This information is also lacking from the protologues of both
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1816" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Vilfa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vilfa trichodes" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Vilfa trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hack" authorityYear="1910" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis bogotensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Agrostis bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1816" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Vilfa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vilfa trichodes" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Vilfa trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
isotype at HAL bears spikelets which lack a rachilla extension, and lemmas that lack awns (Marcus Lehnert and Natalia Tkach, pers. communication). It appears that Oscar Tovar, when preparing his treatment of the grasses of Peru (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tovar, O" journalOrPublisher="Ruizia" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 480" refId="B33" refString="Tovar, O, 1993. Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru. Ruizia 13: 1 - 480" title="Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru." volume="13" year="1993">Tovar 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), had only seen the US isotype fragment, which lacks florets. His mention that the glumes are
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘glabrous’">'glabrous'</normalizedToken>
|
||
(by which Tovar meant glabrous and smooth) raises ambiguity, although most other characters found in the description and illustration match. The flag leaf ligule of the US isotype fragment reached 1.5 mm long, while
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tovar, O" journalOrPublisher="Ruizia" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 480" refId="B33" refString="Tovar, O, 1993. Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru. Ruizia 13: 1 - 480" title="Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru." volume="13" year="1993">Tovar (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentions the ligule to measure 2-2.5 mm long, with most material studied from Colombia and Venezuela having flag leaf ligules to 1.7 mm long, with those of the tillers c. 0.5 mm long.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tovar, O" journalOrPublisher="Ruizia" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 480" refId="B33" refString="Tovar, O, 1993. Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru. Ruizia 13: 1 - 480" title="Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru." volume="13" year="1993">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tovar’s">Tovar's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1993)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
description seems to have been based largely on Tovar and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rivas-Martínez">Rivas-Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||
8076, 8080 from Abra Malaga of the Cusco region of southern Peru, which were not seen by us. The first author visited the Abra Malaga site to conduct extensive field surveys and botanical collecting during different seasons from 2010-2013 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12176" author="Sylvester, SP" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vegetation Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1225 - 1234" refId="B28" refString="Sylvester, SP, Sylvester, MDPV, Kessler, M, 2014. Inaccessible ledges as refuges for the natural vegetation of the high Andes. Journal of Vegetation Science 25 (5): 1225 - 1234, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12176" title="Inaccessible ledges as refuges for the natural vegetation of the high Andes." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12176" volume="25" year="2014">Sylvester et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03500-7" author="Sylvester, SP" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination=": 3334" refId="B29" refString="Sylvester, SP, Heitkamp, F, Sylvester, MDPV, Jungkunst, HF, Sipman, HJM, Toivonen, JM, Gonzales Inca, C, Ospina Gonzalez, JC, Kessler, M, 2017. Relict high-Andean ecosystems challenge our concepts of naturalness and human impact. Scientific Reports 7 (1): 3334, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03500-7" title="Relict high-Andean ecosystems challenge our concepts of naturalness and human impact." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03500-7" volume="7" year="2017">2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but no specimens were encountered. Aside from the type, no specimens from Peru have been located despite careful searching through the US herbarium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester & Soreng" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Sylvester & Soreng" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis trichodes" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Podagrostis trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. exserta" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="exserta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. exserta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bacillata" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="bacillata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. bacillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, considered endemic to alpine grasslands of Guatemala or
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
|
||
of Costa Rica and Panama, respectively (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Pohl, RW" editor="Davidse, G" journalOrPublisher="Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F." pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="237 - 240" refId="B21" refString="Pohl, RW, Davidse, G, 1994. 46. Agrostis L. In: Davidse, G, Sousa, M, Sanchez, MS, Chater, AO, Eds., Flora Mesoamericana, vol 6 Alismataceae a Cyperaceae. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F.: 237 - 240" title="46. Agrostis L." volumeTitle="Flora Mesoamericana, vol 6 Alismataceae a Cyperaceae." year="1994">Pohl and Davidse 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Key similarities include: a) an overall similar habit (i.e. short tufted herbs with exserted open panicles); b) involute or convolute, acicular or filiform leaf blades; c) presence of a short glabrous rachilla extension emerging from the base of the floret; and d) a short awn often found inserted medially on the lemma dorsal surface. Both
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bacillata" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="bacillata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. bacillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. exserta" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="exserta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. exserta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have smooth panicle branches, pedicels, glume surfaces (with only the keels being lightly scaberulous), and lemma surfaces while these are usually lightly to densely scabrous in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although specimens have been encountered with almost smooth panicle branches and pedicels [e.g., M.C. Gomez 1 (US3534984), H.G. Barclay 9685 (US3044346), 9546 (US3096576)]. The overall habit of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. exserta" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="exserta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. exserta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
more closely resembles that of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bacillata" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="bacillata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. bacillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in lacking a visible elongated culm internode and having a shorter panicle (<5 cm long vs. 4-11 cm long in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bacillata" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="bacillata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. bacillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. exserta" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="exserta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. exserta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having smooth leaf blade abaxial surfaces, lemma surfaces, panicle branches, and pedicels (vs. usually scaberulous to densely scabrous, panicle branches and pedicels infrequently smooth in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), its glume keels and surfaces being mostly smooth with only few prickle hairs found on the keel distally (vs. glume keels often densely scabrous for most their length with surfaces often scabrous distally in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and larger spikelets (usually 1.5-2 mm long vs. 1-1.5 mm long in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester & Soreng" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Sylvester & Soreng" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis bacillata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacillata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Podagrostis bacillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having culms with at least one visible elongated internode and an exserted node (vs. usually without a visible elongated internode and exserted node in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), panicles usually larger, 4-11 cm long (vs. 2.5-6 cm long in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), panicle branches and pedicels generally smooth (vs. usually lightly to densely scabrous, infrequently smooth in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), longer spikelets, 1.7-2 mm long (vs. 1-1.5 mm long in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), glumes smooth apart from the lightly scaberulous keel (vs. glume keels often densely scabrous for most their length, with surfaces often scabrous distally in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), lemmas smooth (vs. lightly to densely scabrous in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and rachilla prolongation 3-1.4 mm long (vs. 0.2-0.5 mm long in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. trichodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="trichodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">P. trichodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Specimens from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
|
||
of Departamento
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Colombia, were noted to have the unusual character of glumes being readily caducous at maturity and falling before the floret, with mature inflorescences lacking glumes and only the florets remaining on the pedicels. It is not clear whether this may be a reaction to a pathogen or whether it is taxonomically informative since other specimens sometimes lack this character.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Certain specimens of Freire Apolliniaire are annotated as isotypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hack" authorityYear="1910" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis bogotensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Agrostis bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at P (P00740431 [image!]) and NY (NY00327650 [image!], NY00688633 [image!]) that differ in collection dates, collection numbers, and/or localities from the holotype, with NY00688633 also obviously not the same species. These should be disregarded as type material and reexamined. Apolliniaire s.n. K000308373 may be an isotype but the full collection date is missing to help clarify this.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |