222 lines
20 KiB
XML
222 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a9b15909-ea61-40d7-ba04-325b8af91669" ID-PMC="PMC5674090" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-701-1" ID-PubMed="29118596" ID-ZBK="23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-701-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 701" ModsDocTitle="Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species" checkinTime="1506095869158" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fisher, J. Ray, Fisher, Danielle M., Skvarla, Michael J., Nelson, Whitney A. & Dowling, Ashley P. G." docDate="2017" docId="168752C31C3173F94C72299940881BBD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 701: 1-496" docOrigin="ZooKeys 701" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261" docTitle="Torrenticola unimaculata Fisher & Dowling, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="0B8A2822-71B9-4635-B799-96A7860C180F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="3D440132FFABFFFC1505FFA0FFDDEA09" masterDocTitle="Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="496" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668164828938" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fisher, J. Ray</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fisher, Danielle M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Skvarla, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nelson, Whitney A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dowling, Ashley P. G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>701</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>496</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-701-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="134839654" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0B8A2822-71B9-4635-B799-96A7860C180F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/168752C31C3173F94C72299940881BBD" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/0B8A2822-71B9-4635-B799-96A7860C180F" authority="Fisher & Dowling" class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola unimaculata" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unimaculata">Torrenticola unimaculata Fisher & Dowling</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">HOLOTYPE (♀): from Canada, New Brunswick, York County, SW Mirimachi River, beside Highway 107 between Napdogan and Juniper, 21 Jun 2012, by IM Smith, IMS120036, DNA 3010.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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PARATYPES (7 ♀; 7 ♂): Arkansas, USA: 2 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Montgomery County, Caddo Gap, access track off Manfred Road, 0.3 km west of Route 8, 29 Jul 2011, by IM Smith, IMS110037
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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4 ♀ from Montgomery County, Gaston, South Fork of Ouachita River, access off County Road 17 at Forest Road 903, 29 Jul 2011, by IM Smith, IMS110040
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♂ from Montgomery County, Ouachita River, Pine Ridge, 5 Oct 2007, by AJ Radwell, & HW Robison, AJR070300A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♂ from Montgomery County, Ouachita National Forest, South Fork of Ouachita River, 29 Jul 2011, by AJ Radwell, & B Crump, AJR110302
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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New Brunswick, Canada: 1 ♂ (ALLOTYPE) from York County, SW Mirimachi River, beside Highway 107 between Napdogan and Juniper, 21 Jun 2012, by IM Smith, IMS120036, DNA 3011
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from York County, SW Mirimachi River, beside Highway 107 between Napdogan and Juniper, 21 Jun 2012, by IM Smith, IMS120036.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type deposition">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type deposition.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype (♀), allotype (♂), and most paratypes (4 ♀; 3 ♂) deposited in the CNC; other paratypes (3 ♀; 3 ♂) deposited in ACUA.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola unimaculata" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unimaculata">Torrenticola unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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are similar to other members of the Tricolor Complex (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. bittikoferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bittikoferae">T. bittikoferae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. hoosieri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hoosieri">T. hoosieri</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. larvata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="larvata">T. larvata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pearsoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pearsoni">T. pearsoni</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. olliei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="olliei">T. olliei</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. sierrensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sierrensis">T. sierrensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. tricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tricolor">T. tricolor</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. trimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="trimaculata">T. trimaculata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. cardia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cardia">T. cardia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. dimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dimorpha">T. dimorpha</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. mohawk" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mohawk">T. mohawk</taxonomicName>
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) in having a short, conical rostrum.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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can be differentiated from most
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Torrenticola</taxonomicName>
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, including other members of the Tricolor Complex, by having a distinct dorsal pattern of a large anterior dorsal spot. The only other species with this pattern is
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. ululata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ululata">T. ululata</taxonomicName>
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, which, like all
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Rusetria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rusetria" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rusetria</taxonomicName>
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2-Plates, have anterio-lateral platelets fused to the dorsal plate and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
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, which has a more elongate rostrum (length/width = 1.9-2.2 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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, 2.6-3.2 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
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).
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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are most similar to other members of the Tricolor Complex that have bold patterning (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. larvata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="larvata">T. larvata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. tricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tricolor">T. tricolor</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. trimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="trimaculata">T. trimaculata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. cardia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cardia">T. cardia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. mohawk" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mohawk">T. mohawk</taxonomicName>
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). Female
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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can be further differentiated from these members of the complex by having a longer medial suture (♀ = 40-47.5 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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, 15-35 in others), except
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. cardia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cardia">T. cardia</taxonomicName>
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(25-50) and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. mohawk" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mohawk">T. mohawk</taxonomicName>
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(30-45).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female (Figure 265) (n = 6) (holotype measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dorsum - (650-730 (720) long; 490-600 (600) wide) ovoid with coloration restricted to a single dark spot anteriorly (occasionally extending medially), with an orange spot posterior to the dark spot. Anterio-medial platelets (127.5-145 (140) long; 62.5-70 (67.5) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (172.5-200 (200) long; 72.5-80 (80) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 much closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 350-425 (425)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.20-1.39 (1.20); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.34-1.41 (1.41); anterio-medial platelet length/width 1.89-2.08 (2.07); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.29-2.57 (2.50); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.35-1.44 (1.43).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (242.5-265 (265) long (ventral); 176.25-194 (190) long (dorsal); 110-125 (125) tall) colorless. Rostrum (85-100 (92.5) long; 42.5-47.5 (47.5) wide) short and conical. Chelicerae (236-252 (250) long) with curved fangs (51-61.5 (55) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.12-2.26 (2.12); rostrum length/width 1.89-2.18 (1.95). Pedipalps with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (35-42.5 (42.5) long); femur (91.25-100 (100) long); genu (62.5-67.5 (67.5) long); tibia (80-87.5 (87.5) long; 25-26.25 (26.25) wide); tarsus (20-25 (22.5) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.46-1.52 (1.48); tibia/femur 0.81-0.93 (0.88); tibia length/width 3.20-3.40 (3.33).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venter - (700-860 (860) long; 539-630 (630) wide) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (110-140 (140) long; 75-87.5 (80) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (40-47.5 (40) long). Genital plates (180-210 (210) long; 152.5-170 (170) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (243-290 (290) long (total); 128-162 (145) long (medial)); Cx-3 (358-426 (390) wide); anterior venter (182.5-205 (195) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.40-1.75 (1.75); anterior venter/genital field length 0.93-1.14 (0.93); anterior venter length/genital field width 1.15-1.30 (1.15); anterior venter/medial suture 4.06-4.88 (4.88).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male (Figure 266) (n = 6) (allotypic measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dorsum- (525-690 (690) long; 400-520 (520) wide) ovoid with coloration restricted to a single dark spot anteriorly (occasionally extending medially), with an orange spot posterior to the dark spot. Anterio-medial platelets (112.5-137.5 (137.5) long; 57.5-72.5 (72.5) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (160-205 (205) long; 65-82.5 (82.5) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 much closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 320-405 (405)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.30-1.43 (1.33); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.23-1.28 (1.28); anterio-medial platelet length/width 1.90-2.09 (1.90); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.28-2.54 (2.48); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.35-1.43 (1.33).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (212.5-255 (255) long (ventral); 155-185 (185) long (dorsal); 90-110 (110) tall) colorless. Rostrum (80-95 (95) long; 37.5-48.75 (48.75) wide) short and conical. Chelicerae (195-235 (235) long) with curved fangs (42-55 (55) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.32-2.42 (2.32); rostrum length/width 1.95-2.2 (1.95). Pedipalps with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (32.5-40 (40) long); femur (80-97.5 (97.5) long); genu (55-67.5 (67.5) long); tibia (70-80 (80) long; 22.5-27.5 (27.5) wide); tarsus (20-22.5 (22.5) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.39-1.48 (1.44); tibia/femur 0.82-0.91 (0.82); tibia length/width 2.90-3.11 (2.91).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venter - (640-800 (800) long; 448-570 (570) wide) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (97.5-132.5 (132.5) long; 62.5-77.5 (72.5) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (107.5-125 (125) long). Genital plates (130-161.25 (161.25) long; 92.5-112.5 (112.5) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (218-338 (290) long (total); 109-165 (165) long (medial)); Cx-3 (218-338 (290) wide); anterior venter (265-300 (300) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.44-1.83 (1.83); anterior venter/genital field length 1.86-2.13 (1.86); anterior venter length/genital field width 2.67-2.92 (2.67); anterior venter/medial suture 2.30-2.49 (2.40).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immatures unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Specific epithet (
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Arrenuridae" genus="Lebertioidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lebertioidea unimaculata" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unimaculata">unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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) named for the single dark dorsal spot of this species (unus, L. one; macula, L. spot).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Known only from Arkansas and New Brunswick (Figure 264).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 264.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola unimaculata" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unimaculata">Torrenticola unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. distribution.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 265.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola unimaculata" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unimaculata">Torrenticola unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. female: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 266.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola unimaculata" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unimaculata">Torrenticola unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. male: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola unimaculata" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unimaculata">Torrenticola unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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groups with other members of the Tricolor Complex with high support and specimens of this species are less than 2% different in COI sequence from each other. In all analyses,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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groups with two other species which also have dorsal spots:
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. trimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="trimaculata">T. trimaculata</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. tricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tricolor">T. tricolor</taxonomicName>
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. This clade represents some of the most distinctive of all
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Torrenticola</taxonomicName>
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. This species is greater than 7% different in COI from sister species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species hypothesis is supported by high divergence between species (3-15%), and by the morphological characters outlined in the diagnosis.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |