Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species Author Fisher, J. Ray Author Fisher, Danielle M. Author Skvarla, Michael J. Author Nelson, Whitney A. Author Dowling, Ashley P. G. text ZooKeys 2017 701 1 496 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261 1313-2970-701-1 23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD 23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD Torrenticola unimaculata Fisher & Dowling sp. n. Material examined. HOLOTYPE (♀): from Canada, New Brunswick, York County, SW Mirimachi River, beside Highway 107 between Napdogan and Juniper, 21 Jun 2012, by IM Smith, IMS120036, DNA 3010. PARATYPES (7 ♀; 7 ♂): Arkansas, USA: 2 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Montgomery County, Caddo Gap, access track off Manfred Road, 0.3 km west of Route 8, 29 Jul 2011, by IM Smith, IMS110037 * 4 ♀ from Montgomery County, Gaston, South Fork of Ouachita River, access off County Road 17 at Forest Road 903, 29 Jul 2011, by IM Smith, IMS110040 * 2 ♂ from Montgomery County, Ouachita River, Pine Ridge, 5 Oct 2007, by AJ Radwell, & HW Robison, AJR070300A * 2 ♂ from Montgomery County, Ouachita National Forest, South Fork of Ouachita River, 29 Jul 2011, by AJ Radwell, & B Crump, AJR110302 * New Brunswick, Canada: 1 ♂ (ALLOTYPE) from York County, SW Mirimachi River, beside Highway 107 between Napdogan and Juniper, 21 Jun 2012, by IM Smith, IMS120036, DNA 3011 * 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from York County, SW Mirimachi River, beside Highway 107 between Napdogan and Juniper, 21 Jun 2012, by IM Smith, IMS120036. Type deposition. Holotype (♀), allotype (♂), and most paratypes (4 ♀; 3 ♂) deposited in the CNC; other paratypes (3 ♀; 3 ♂) deposited in ACUA. Diagnosis. Torrenticola unimaculata are similar to other members of the Tricolor Complex ( T. bittikoferae , T. hoosieri , T. larvata , T. pearsoni , T. olliei , T. sierrensis , T. tricolor , T. trimaculata , T. cardia , T. kringi , T. dimorpha , and T. mohawk ) in having a short, conical rostrum. T. unimaculata can be differentiated from most Torrenticola , including other members of the Tricolor Complex, by having a distinct dorsal pattern of a large anterior dorsal spot. The only other species with this pattern is T. ululata , which, like all Rusetria 2-Plates, have anterio-lateral platelets fused to the dorsal plate and T. kringi , which has a more elongate rostrum (length/width = 1.9-2.2 in T. unimaculata , 2.6-3.2 in T. kringi ). T. unimaculata are most similar to other members of the Tricolor Complex that have bold patterning ( T. larvata , T. tricolor , T. trimaculata , T. cardia , T. kringi , and T. mohawk ). Female T. unimaculata can be further differentiated from these members of the complex by having a longer medial suture (♀ = 40-47.5 in T. unimaculata , 15-35 in others), except T. cardia (25-50) and T. mohawk (30-45). Description. Female (Figure 265) (n = 6) (holotype measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications. Dorsum - (650-730 (720) long; 490-600 (600) wide) ovoid with coloration restricted to a single dark spot anteriorly (occasionally extending medially), with an orange spot posterior to the dark spot. Anterio-medial platelets (127.5-145 (140) long; 62.5-70 (67.5) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (172.5-200 (200) long; 72.5-80 (80) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 much closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 350-425 (425)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.20-1.39 (1.20); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.34-1.41 (1.41); anterio-medial platelet length/width 1.89-2.08 (2.07); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.29-2.57 (2.50); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.35-1.44 (1.43). Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (242.5-265 (265) long (ventral); 176.25-194 (190) long (dorsal); 110-125 (125) tall) colorless. Rostrum (85-100 (92.5) long; 42.5-47.5 (47.5) wide) short and conical. Chelicerae (236-252 (250) long) with curved fangs (51-61.5 (55) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.12-2.26 (2.12); rostrum length/width 1.89-2.18 (1.95). Pedipalps with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (35-42.5 (42.5) long); femur (91.25-100 (100) long); genu (62.5-67.5 (67.5) long); tibia (80-87.5 (87.5) long; 25-26.25 (26.25) wide); tarsus (20-25 (22.5) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.46-1.52 (1.48); tibia/femur 0.81-0.93 (0.88); tibia length/width 3.20-3.40 (3.33). Venter - (700-860 (860) long; 539-630 (630) wide) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (110-140 (140) long; 75-87.5 (80) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (40-47.5 (40) long). Genital plates (180-210 (210) long; 152.5-170 (170) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (243-290 (290) long (total); 128-162 (145) long (medial)); Cx-3 (358-426 (390) wide); anterior venter (182.5-205 (195) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.40-1.75 (1.75); anterior venter/genital field length 0.93-1.14 (0.93); anterior venter length/genital field width 1.15-1.30 (1.15); anterior venter/medial suture 4.06-4.88 (4.88). Male (Figure 266) (n = 6) (allotypic measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications. Dorsum- (525-690 (690) long; 400-520 (520) wide) ovoid with coloration restricted to a single dark spot anteriorly (occasionally extending medially), with an orange spot posterior to the dark spot. Anterio-medial platelets (112.5-137.5 (137.5) long; 57.5-72.5 (72.5) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (160-205 (205) long; 65-82.5 (82.5) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 much closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 320-405 (405)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.30-1.43 (1.33); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.23-1.28 (1.28); anterio-medial platelet length/width 1.90-2.09 (1.90); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.28-2.54 (2.48); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.35-1.43 (1.33). Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (212.5-255 (255) long (ventral); 155-185 (185) long (dorsal); 90-110 (110) tall) colorless. Rostrum (80-95 (95) long; 37.5-48.75 (48.75) wide) short and conical. Chelicerae (195-235 (235) long) with curved fangs (42-55 (55) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.32-2.42 (2.32); rostrum length/width 1.95-2.2 (1.95). Pedipalps with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (32.5-40 (40) long); femur (80-97.5 (97.5) long); genu (55-67.5 (67.5) long); tibia (70-80 (80) long; 22.5-27.5 (27.5) wide); tarsus (20-22.5 (22.5) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.39-1.48 (1.44); tibia/femur 0.82-0.91 (0.82); tibia length/width 2.90-3.11 (2.91). Venter - (640-800 (800) long; 448-570 (570) wide) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (97.5-132.5 (132.5) long; 62.5-77.5 (72.5) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (107.5-125 (125) long). Genital plates (130-161.25 (161.25) long; 92.5-112.5 (112.5) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (218-338 (290) long (total); 109-165 (165) long (medial)); Cx-3 (218-338 (290) wide); anterior venter (265-300 (300) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.44-1.83 (1.83); anterior venter/genital field length 1.86-2.13 (1.86); anterior venter length/genital field width 2.67-2.92 (2.67); anterior venter/medial suture 2.30-2.49 (2.40). Immatures unknown. Etymology. Specific epithet ( unimaculata ) named for the single dark dorsal spot of this species (unus, L. one; macula, L. spot). Distribution. Known only from Arkansas and New Brunswick (Figure 264). Figure 264. Torrenticola unimaculata sp. n. distribution. Figure 265. Torrenticola unimaculata sp. n. female: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100 µm . Figure 266. Torrenticola unimaculata sp. n. male: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100 µm . Remarks. Torrenticola unimaculata groups with other members of the Tricolor Complex with high support and specimens of this species are less than 2% different in COI sequence from each other. In all analyses, T. unimaculata groups with two other species which also have dorsal spots: T. trimaculata and T. tricolor . This clade represents some of the most distinctive of all Torrenticola . This species is greater than 7% different in COI from sister species. This species hypothesis is supported by high divergence between species (3-15%), and by the morphological characters outlined in the diagnosis.