664 lines
82 KiB
XML
664 lines
82 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9905560F1FD5A932D8E1E4E96AB7EA10">Revalidation of Vareuptychia Forster, 1964, description of Vanima gen. nov., and notes on Euptychia cleophes Godman & Salvin, 1889 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae Satyrinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F449950C7E7F8DB53B7EF92776C5026C">Zacca, Thamara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="98D437095DC85A8432D2F439EA4802F9">Casagrande, Mirna M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6563466D94A0A1A9BA1FE20B04DCA10C">Department of Zoology, Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6076 - 8463</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A48C88AF70CEB914C87C77BC9D19B24F">Mielke, Olaf H. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8BC5689B961095E99C897F26C04848CD">Department of Zoology, Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3655 - 4606</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AAF6C8BDD42870C664F27EB5C8C6BD4B">Huertas, Blanca</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="69C2F0EA43DD8D322760191666B60FD9">Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9807 - 4790</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0025BA12953E6DC90A2CA8565F01066D">Espeland, Marianne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D45FEC177F01AC4E994415BC3CE30A1F">Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6800 - 4783</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C4B1381D0FC81C15E906413A33781A44">Freitas, André V. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="31CBE5FB6A133F1B0B1E2ED7B5A09A38">Departamento de Biologia Animal and Museu da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biologia, Laboratório de Ecologia e Sistemática de Borboletas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5763 - 4990</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D977B13366E411D70B0EBC26B71B0E82">Willmott, Keith R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="863D3FB29588DCB32522C1092295908F">McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA. Departament of Entomology, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3664 - 6730</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3BF02BC6362A47D16AD88B9A5273478D">Nakahara, Shinichi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2FEE03F0BEE97E900E293A064B494BEE">McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA. Departament of Entomology, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3664 - 6730</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="431464F3F07812A8888E89D5964DD633">Lamas, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FACE4D5C62B7F1AFCD8C681C3E82E836">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8DE44DE2978C9BAC0D79D66B26031820">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="689A76997333EC2B66924412415D18A4">2020-09-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E3B435FED7CD464A35F81462BABC7A06">4858</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="36EA2B69D51F82B6A102150C0EAE7912" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4858.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D33D878EFFBC746CFF33FF485083FE00" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4506599" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177207930" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4506599" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D33D878EFFBC746CFF33FF485083FE00" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D33D878EFFBC746CFF33FF485083FE00" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746DFF33FF4857C6FF60" blockId="8.[151,718,151,214]" box="[151,718,151,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="006381F4FFBC746DFF33FF4857C6FF60" bold="true" box="[151,718,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFF33FF485736FF60" ID-CoL="7FHPW" authority="(Butler, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,574,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
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<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF33FF485484FF63" bold="true" box="[151,396,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Vareuptychia similis</emphasis>
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(Butler, 1867)
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comb. rest.
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</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="138E6513FFBC746DFF33FF6454ECFF04" box="[151,484,187,214]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
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<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746DFF33FF6454ECFF04" blockId="8.[151,718,151,214]" box="[151,484,187,214]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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(
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<figureCitation id="C3AF2A1DFFBC746DFF3BFF645402FF04" box="[159,266,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="6.[151,264,960,984]" captionTargetBox="[173,1395,467,924]" captionTargetId="figure-143@6.[154,1433,453,936]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Species of Vareuptychia stat. rest., dorsal and ventral: 1–4. Vareuptychia similis comb. rest.: 1–2. male (Guerrero, Mexico), 3–4. female (San Jerónimo, Guatemala); 5–8. Vareuptychia themis comb. nov.: 5–6. male (San Mateo, Costa Rica), 7–8. female (Ilopango, El Salvador). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411413" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411413/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="C3AF2A1DFFBC746DFEB3FF645468FF04" box="[279,352,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–23" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1061,1085]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,489,1038]" captionTargetId="figure-142@9.[151,1435,489,1038]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14–23. Male genitalia of species of Vareuptychia stat. rest.: 14–18. Vareuptychia similis comb. rest. (BMNH#1420973): 14. lateral, 15. dorsal; 16. ventral; 17. aedeagus, dorsal; 18. aedeagus, lateral; 19–23. Vareuptychia themis comb. nov. (BMNH#1420750): 19. lateral; 20. dorsal; 21. ventral; 22. aedeagus, dorsal; 23. aedeagus, lateral. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411419/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">14–18</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="C3AF2A1DFFBC746DFECFFF6454BBFF07" box="[363,435,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,1229,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-198@9.[151,1436,1218,1890]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Female genitalia of species of Vareuptychia stat. rest.: 24–25. Vareuptychia similis comb. rest. (DZUP 27.891): 24. lateral, 25. ventral; 26–27. Vareuptychia themis comb. nov. (DZUP 27.897): 26. lateral; 27. ventral. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411421" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411421/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">24–25</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="C3AF2A1DFFBC746DFE1BFF6454D4FF04" box="[447,476,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="10.[151,250,2007,2031]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,1013,1978]" captionTargetId="figure-322@10.[161,1425,1005,1984]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 28. Map showing the distribution of Vareuptychia similis comb. rest." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411424/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">28</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="138E6513FFBC746DFF33FEDF5722FD77" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746DFF33FEDF5628FEA5" blockId="8.[151,1437,255,678]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="7B8411B6FFBC746DFF33FEDF5628FEA5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFF33FEDF5702FEC6" author="Butler, A. G." box="[151,522,255,280]" page="463" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1867">
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<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFF33FEDF5702FEC6" authority="Butler, 1867 a: 463" authorityName="in Butler" authorityPageNumber="463" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,522,255,280]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
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<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF33FEDF544EFEC9" box="[151,326,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Euptychia similis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFEE8FEDF5702FEC6" author="Butler, A. G." box="[332,522,255,280]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="458 - 504" refId="ref17716" refString="Butler, A. G. (1867 a) A monograph of the genus Euptychia, a numerous race of butterflies belonging to the family Satyridae; with descriptions of sixty species new to science, and notes to their affinities, etc. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1866 (3), 458 - 504." type="journal article" year="1867">Butler, 1867a: 463</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<typeStatus id="842F883AFFBC746DFDB0FEDF5779FEC9" box="[532,625,256,280]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: Central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBC746DFD6EFEDF5632FEC9" box="[714,826,256,280]" name="Guatemala" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
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, Central Valleys.
|
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<typeStatus id="842F883AFFBC746DFC4FFEDF5158FEC9" box="[1003,1104,256,280]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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male here designated:
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<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBC746DFA9CFEDF55D3FEE7" name="Guatemala" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
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, Central Valleys; NHMUK (examined).—
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<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFD2CFEC15623FEE7" author="Butler, A. G." box="[648,811,286,310]" page="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1868">
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<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFD2CFEC15623FEE7" author="Butler, A. G." box="[648,811,286,310]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref17818" refString="Butler, A. G. (1868) Catalogue of diurnal Lepidoptera of the family Satyridae in the collection of the British Museum. Taylor and Francis, London, 146 pp." type="book" year="1868">Butler, 1868: 17</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.—
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<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFCEEFEC156F7FEE7" author="Butler, A. G." box="[842,1023,286,310]" page="252" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1870">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFCEEFEC156F7FEE7" author="Butler, A. G." box="[842,1023,286,310]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="250 - 252" refId="ref17852" refString="Butler, A. G. (1870) On new or recently described species of diurnal Lepidoptera. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 6 (71), 250 - 252." type="journal article" year="1870">Butler, 1870: 252</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFBB9FEC151B5FEE7" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[1053,1213,286,310]" page="48" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1871">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFBB9FEC151B5FEE7" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[1053,1213,286,310]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref20282" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1871) A Synonymic Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera. John Van Voorst, London, 690 pp." type="book" year="1871">Kirby, 1871: 48</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFB7FFEC15425FE84" author="Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O." page="81" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1880">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFB7FFEC15425FE84" author="Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="73 - 88" refId="ref19497" refString="Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O. (1880 a) s. n. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera. 1 (6). Dulau & Co., Bernard Quaritch, London, pp. 73 - 88, pl. 8." type="journal article" year="1880">Godman & Salvin, 1880a: 81</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 8. fig. 4.—Godman 1901: 654.—Weymer, 1911: 200.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFC2DFEE25133FE84" author="Gaede, M." box="[905,1083,317,341]" page="465" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1931">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFC2DFEE25133FE84" author="Gaede, M." box="[905,1083,317,341]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="321 - 544" refId="ref19315" refString="Gaede, M. (1931) Familia Satyridae. Lepidopterum Catalogus, 46, 321 - 544." type="journal article" year="1931">Gaede, 1931: 465</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFBFDFEE25029FE84" author="DeVries, P. J." box="[1113,1313,317,341]" page="272" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1987">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFBFDFEE25029FE84" author="DeVries, P. J." box="[1113,1313,317,341]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref18393" refString="DeVries, P. J. (1987) The butterflies of Costa Rica and their Natural History. Vol. 1. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 288 pp." type="book" year="1987">DeVries, 1987: 272</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 48, figs. 20–21 [misidentification].—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFE4EFE8357B5FEA5" author="D'Abrera, B. L." box="[490,701,348,372]" page="773" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1988">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFE4EFE8357B5FEA5" author="D'Abrera, B. L." box="[490,701,348,372]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="679 - 877" refId="ref18355" refString="D'Abrera, B. L. (1988) Butterflies of the Neotropical Region-Part V. Nymphalidae (Concl.) & Satyridae. Black Rock, Hill House, Victoria, pp. 679 - 877." type="book chapter" year="1988">D’Abrera, 1988: 773</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(female).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746DFF33FEA55701FE60" blockId="8.[151,1437,255,678]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="7B8411B6FFBC746DFF33FEA55701FE60" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFF33FEA5546CFE43" ID-CoL="7FHPW" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,356,378,402]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF33FEA5546CFE43" box="[151,356,378,402]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Vareuptychia similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFED5FEA45724FE43" author="Forster, W." box="[369,556,378,402]" page="125" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1964">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFED5FEA45724FE43" author="Forster, W." box="[369,556,378,402]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="51 - 188" refId="ref18824" refString="Forster, W. (1964) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Insektenfauna Boliviens XIX. Lepidoptera III. Satyridae. Veroffentlichungen der zoologischen Staatssammlung Munchen, 8, 51 - 188, pls. 27 - 35." type="journal article" year="1964">Forster, 1964: 125</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 145 (male genitalia).—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFCECFEA5510EFE43" author="Ackery, P. R." box="[840,1030,378,402]" page="115" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1988">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFCECFEA5510EFE43" author="Ackery, P. R." box="[840,1030,378,402]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="95 - 203" refId="ref16859" refString="Ackery, P. R. (1988) Host plants and classification: A review of nymphalid butterflies. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 33 (2), 95 - 203. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.1988. tb 00446. x" type="journal article" year="1988">Ackery, 1988: 115</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, tab. 9.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFBC1FEA55040FE43" author="Austin, G. T. & Haddad, N. M. & Mendez, C. & Sisk, T. D. & Murphy, D. D. & Launer, A. E. & Ehrlich, P. R." box="[1125,1352,378,402]" page="33" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFBC1FEA55040FE43" author="Austin, G. T. & Haddad, N. M. & Mendez, C. & Sisk, T. D. & Murphy, D. D. & Launer, A. E. & Ehrlich, P. R." box="[1125,1352,378,402]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="21 - 37" refId="ref17020" refString="Austin, G. T., Haddad, N. M., Mendez, C., Sisk, T. D., Murphy, D. D., Launer, A. E. & Ehrlich, P. R. (1996) Annotated checklist of the butterflies of the Tikal National Park area of Guatemala. Tropical Lepidoptera, 7 (1), 21 - 37." type="journal article" year="1996">
|
||
Austin
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFB15FEA451ECFE43" box="[1201,1252,378,402]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1996: 33
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFAC2FEA5570DFE60" author="Llorente-Bousquets, J. & Luis-Martinez, A. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Warren, A. D." page="45" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFAC2FEA5570DFE60" author="Llorente-Bousquets, J. & Luis-Martinez, A. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Warren, A. D." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="35 - 48" refId="ref20624" refString="Llorente-Bousquets, J., Luis-Martinez, A., Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Warren, A. D. (1996) Lista de las mariposas del Estado de Jalisco, Mexico. Revista de la Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural, 46, 35 - 48." type="journal article" year="1996">
|
||
Llorente-Bousquets
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFECEFE455495FE60" box="[362,413,409,433]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1996: 45
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746DFF33FE675646FE01" blockId="8.[151,1437,255,678]" box="[151,846,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFF33FE67546CFE01" ID-CoL="94BW9" authorityName="Zacca & Casagrande & Mielke & Huertas & Espeland & Freitas & Willmott & Nakahara & Lamas" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,356,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="themis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF33FE67546CFE01" box="[151,356,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Vareuptychia themis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFED6FE6754FAFE01" author="Lewis, H. L." box="[370,498,440,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref20564" refString="Lewis, H. L. (1973) Butterflies of the World. Follett, Chicago, Illinois, 312 pp." type="book" year="1973">Lewis, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 65, fig. 11 [misidentification].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746DFF33FE085069FDB8" blockId="8.[151,1437,255,678]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="7B8411B6FFBC746DFF33FE085069FDB8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFF33FE085428FE3F" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,288,470,494]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Cissia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF33FE085428FE3F" box="[151,288,470,494]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cissia similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFE8BFE0954FFFE3F" author="DeVries, P. J." box="[303,503,470,494]" page="272" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1987">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFE8BFE0954FFFE3F" author="DeVries, P. J." box="[303,503,470,494]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref18393" refString="DeVries, P. J. (1987) The butterflies of Costa Rica and their Natural History. Vol. 1. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 288 pp." type="book" year="1987">DeVries, 1987: 272</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFDB1FE095664FE3F" author="Meerman, J. C. & Boomsma, T." box="[533,876,470,494]" page="42" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1993">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFDB1FE095664FE3F" author="Meerman, J. C. & Boomsma, T." box="[533,876,470,494]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="37 - 46" refId="ref21233" refString="Meerman, J. C. & Boomsma, T. (1993) Checklist of the butterflies of the Shipstern Nature Reserve. Occasional Papers of the Belize Natural History Society, 2 (3), 37 - 46." type="journal article" year="1993">Meerman & Boomsma, 1993: 42</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFC2DFE095167FE3F" author="Pozo, C. & Luis-Martinez, A. & Tescum, S. & Salas-Suarez, N. & Maya-Martinez, A." box="[905,1135,470,494]" page="516" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFC2DFE095167FE3F" author="Pozo, C. & Luis-Martinez, A. & Tescum, S. & Salas-Suarez, N. & Maya-Martinez, A." box="[905,1135,470,494]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="505 - 525" refId="ref22677" refString="Pozo, C., Luis-Martinez, A., Tescum, S., Salas-Suarez, N. & Maya-Martinez, A. (2003) Butterflies (Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea) of Calakmul, Campeche, Mexico. Southwestern Naturalist, 48 (4), 505 - 525. https: // doi. org / 10.1894 / 0038 - 4909 (2003) 048 <0505: BPAHOC> 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Pozo
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFC61FE0856F2FE3F" box="[965,1018,470,494]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2003: 516
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFB2AFE09504FFE3F" author="Lamas, G." box="[1166,1351,470,494]" page="218" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFB2AFE09504FFE3F" author="Lamas, G." box="[1166,1351,470,494]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="217 - 223" refId="ref20492" refString="Lamas, G. (2004) Nymphalidae. Satyrinae. Tribe Satyrini. Subtribe Euptychiina. In: Lamas, G. (Ed.), Checklist: Part 4 A. Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea. In: Heppner, J. B. (Ed.), Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Vol. 5 A. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera, Gainesville, pp. 217 - 223." type="book chapter" year="2004">Lamas, 2004: 218</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—Luis-Martínez
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFE88FE295469FDDC" box="[300,353,501,525]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2004: 349.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFE52FE2A57F1FDDC" author="Harvey, C. A. & Villanueva, C. & Villacis, J. & Chacon, M. & Munoz, D. & Lopez, M. & Ibrahim, M. & Gomez, R. & Taylor, R. & Martinez, J. & Navas, A. & Saenz, J. & Sanchez, D. & Medina, A. & Vilchez, S. & Hernandez, B. & Perez, A. & Ruiz, F. & Lopez, F. & Lang, I. & Sinclair, F. L." box="[502,761,501,525]" page="226" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFE52FE2A57F1FDDC" author="Harvey, C. A. & Villanueva, C. & Villacis, J. & Chacon, M. & Munoz, D. & Lopez, M. & Ibrahim, M. & Gomez, R. & Taylor, R. & Martinez, J. & Navas, A. & Saenz, J. & Sanchez, D. & Medina, A. & Vilchez, S. & Hernandez, B. & Perez, A. & Ruiz, F. & Lopez, F. & Lang, I. & Sinclair, F. L." box="[502,761,501,525]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="200 - 230" refId="ref19726" refString="Harvey, C. A., Villanueva, C., Villacis, J., Chacon, M., Munoz, D., Lopez, M., Ibrahim, M., Gomez, R., Taylor, R., Martinez, J., Navas, A., Saenz, J., Sanchez, D., Medina, A., Vilchez, S., Hernandez, B., Perez, A., Ruiz, F., Lopez, F., Lang, I. & Sinclair, F. L. (2005) Contribution of live fences to the ecological integrity of agricultural landscapes. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 111 (1 / 4), 200 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. agee. 2005.06.011" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Harvey
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFDE8FE29578AFDDC" box="[588,642,501,525]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2005: 226
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFCB3FE2A514BFDDC" author="Murray, D. L. & Prowell, D. P." box="[791,1091,501,525]" page="69" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFCB3FE2A514BFDDC" author="Murray, D. L. & Prowell, D. P." box="[791,1091,501,525]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref21641" refString="Murray, D. L. & Prowell, D. P. (2005) Molecular phylogenetics and evolutionary history of the neotropical satyrine subtribe Euptychiina (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 34 (1), 67 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2004.08.014" type="journal article" year="2005">Murray & Prowell, 2005: 69</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFBC4FE2A55E3FDFA" author="Hernandez-Mejia, C. & Llorente-Bousquets, J. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Luis-Martinez, A." page="125" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2008">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFBC4FE2A55E3FDFA" author="Hernandez-Mejia, C. & Llorente-Bousquets, J. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Luis-Martinez, A." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="117 - 130" refId="ref19942" refString="Hernandez-Mejia, C., Llorente-Bousquets, J., Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Luis-Martinez, A. (2008) Las mariposas (Hesperioidea y Papilionoidea) de Malinalco, Estado de Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, 79 (1), 117 - 130. https: // doi. org / 10.22201 / ib. 20078706 e. 2008.001.538" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Hernández-Mejía
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFABAFE29505CFDDC" box="[1310,1364,501,525]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2008: 125
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFEADFDCC5713FDFA" author="Marin, M. A. & Uribe, S. I." box="[265,539,531,556]" page="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFEADFDCC5713FDFA" author="Marin, M. A. & Uribe, S. I." box="[265,539,531,556]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="22 - 32" refId="ref21024" refString="Marin, M. A. & Uribe, S. I. (2009) Actualizacion sobre Euptychiina (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae) representadas en la coleccion del Museo Entomologico Francisco Luis Gallego. Boletin del Museo Entomologico Francisco Luis Gallego, 1 (2), 22 - 32." type="journal article" year="2009">Marín & Uribe, 2009: 25</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[misidentification].—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFD5AFDCB5159FDFD" author="Montero-Abril, F. & Moreno-P., M. & Gutierrez-M., L. C." box="[766,1105,532,556]" page="173" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFD5AFDCB5159FDFD" author="Montero-Abril, F. & Moreno-P., M. & Gutierrez-M., L. C." box="[766,1105,532,556]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="157 - 173" refId="ref21515" refString="Montero-Abril, F., Moreno-P., M. & Gutierrez-M., L. C. (2009) Mariposas (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea y Papilionoidea) asociadas a fragmentos de bosque seco tropical en el departamento del Atlantico, Colombia. Boletin Cientifico del Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad de Caldas, 13 (2), 157 - 173." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Montero-Abril
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFC05FDCB56D1FDFD" box="[929,985,532,556]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2009: 173
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFBCBFDCB505BFDFA" author="Marin, M. A. & Pena, C. & Freitas, A. V. L. & Wahlberg, N. & Uribe, S. I." box="[1135,1363,532,556]" page="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFBCBFDCB505BFDFA" author="Marin, M. A. & Pena, C. & Freitas, A. V. L. & Wahlberg, N. & Uribe, S. I." box="[1135,1363,532,556]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref21076" refString="Marin, M. A., Pena, C., Freitas, A. V. L., Wahlberg, N. & Uribe, S. I. (2011) From the phylogeny of the Satyrinae butterflies to the systematics of Euptychiina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): History, Progress and Prospects. Neotropical Entomology, 40 (1), 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1519 - 566 X 2011000100001" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Marín
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFB1FFDCB51FAFDFD" box="[1211,1266,532,556]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011: 7
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 3 (male).—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFE81FDED5755FD9B" author="Luis-Martinez, A. & Llorente-Bousquets, J. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Hernandez-Baz, F." box="[293,605,562,586]" page="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFE81FDED5755FD9B" author="Luis-Martinez, A. & Llorente-Bousquets, J. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Hernandez-Baz, F." box="[293,605,562,586]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref20810" refString="Luis-Martinez, A., Llorente-Bousquets, J., Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Hernandez-Baz, F. (2011) Apendice VIII. 25 Listado de especies de Papilionoidea y Hesperioidea del Estado de Veracruz. In: La Biodiversidad en Veracruz: Estudio de Estado. Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de La Biodiversidad, Gobierno del Estado de Veracruz, Universidad Veracruzana, Instituto de Ecologia, A. C. Mexico, pp. 1 - 29." type="book chapter" year="2011">
|
||
Luis-Martínez
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFE66FDEC54FFFD9B" box="[450,503,562,586]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011: 23
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFDDFFDED5669FD9B" author="Miller, J. Y. & Matthews, D. L. & Warren, A. D. & Solis, M. A. & Harvey, D. J. & Gentili-Poole, P. & Lehman, R. & Emmel, T. C. & Covell, C. V." box="[635,865,562,586]" page="58" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2012">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFDDFFDED5669FD9B" author="Miller, J. Y. & Matthews, D. L. & Warren, A. D. & Solis, M. A. & Harvey, D. J. & Gentili-Poole, P. & Lehman, R. & Emmel, T. C. & Covell, C. V." box="[635,865,562,586]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref21436" refString="Miller, J. Y., Matthews, D. L., Warren, A. D., Solis, M. A., Harvey, D. J., Gentili-Poole, P., Lehman, R., Emmel, T. C. & Covell, C. V. (2012) An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Honduras. Insecta Mundi, 0205, 1 - 72." type="book chapter" year="2012">
|
||
Miller
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFD61FDEC57F2FD9B" box="[709,762,562,586]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2012: 58
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFCDAFDED51C2FD9B" author="Nakahara, S. & Marin, M. A. & Mitsuhashi, W." box="[894,1226,562,586]" page="359" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2012">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFCDAFDED51C2FD9B" author="Nakahara, S. & Marin, M. A. & Mitsuhashi, W." box="[894,1226,562,586]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="359 - 362" refId="ref21702" refString="Nakahara, S., Marin, M. A. & Mitsuhashi, W. (2012) First records for Cissia themis (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from Colombia and Venezuela. Revista Colombiana de Entomologia, 38 (2), 359 - 362." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Nakahara
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFC4FFDEC5128FD9B" box="[1003,1056,562,586]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2012: 359–362
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 5 (male genitalia).—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFEA0FD8E577AFDB8" author="Figueroa-Fernandez, A. L. & Melendez-Herrada, A. & Luis-Martinez, A. & Vargas-Fernandez, I." box="[260,626,593,617]" page="63" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2014">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFEA0FD8E577AFDB8" author="Figueroa-Fernandez, A. L. & Melendez-Herrada, A. & Luis-Martinez, A. & Vargas-Fernandez, I." box="[260,626,593,617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="57 - 75" refId="ref18756" refString="Figueroa-Fernandez, A. L., Melendez-Herrada, A., Luis-Martinez, A. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. (2014) Diversity of diurnal butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea) of Laguna Potosi and surrounding area, Guerrero, Mexico. Southwestern Entomologist, 39 (1), 57 - 75. https: // doi. org / 10.3958 / 059.039.0107" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Figueroa-Fernandéz
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFE7FFD8D5706FDB8" box="[475,526,593,617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014: 63
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFD2BFD8E56D8FDB8" author="Luis-Martinez, A. & Hernandez-Mejia, B. & Trujano-Ortega, M. & Warren, A. & Salinas-Gutierrez, J. L. & Avalos-Hernandez, O. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Llorente-Bousquets, J." box="[655,976,593,617]" page="216" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2016">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFD2BFD8E56D8FDB8" author="Luis-Martinez, A. & Hernandez-Mejia, B. & Trujano-Ortega, M. & Warren, A. & Salinas-Gutierrez, J. L. & Avalos-Hernandez, O. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Llorente-Bousquets, J." box="[655,976,593,617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="171 - 224" refId="ref20674" refString="Luis-Martinez, A., Hernandez-Mejia, B., Trujano-Ortega, M., Warren, A., Salinas-Gutierrez, J. L., Avalos-Hernandez, O., Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Llorente-Bousquets, J. (2016) Avances faunisticos en los Papilionoidea (Lepidoptera) sensu lato de Oaxaca, Mexico. Southwestern Entomologist, 41 (1), 171 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.3958 / 059.041.0119" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Luis-Martínez
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFC8FFD8D5656FDB8" box="[811,862,593,617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2016: 216
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—Henao-Bañol & Gantiva, 2020: 187.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746DFF33FDAF5741FD56" blockId="8.[151,1437,255,678]" box="[151,585,623,648]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="7B8411B6FFBC746DFF33FDAF5741FD56" box="[151,585,623,648]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFF33FDAF542BFD59" box="[151,291,624,648]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Cissia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similes">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF33FDAF542BFD59" box="[151,291,624,648]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cissia similes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[sic];
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DA351089FFBC746DFEC0FDAF574DFD56" author="Pozo, C. & Luis-Martinez, A. & Llorente-Bousquet, J. & Salas-Suarez, N. S. & Maya-Martinez, A. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Warren, A. D." box="[356,581,623,648]" page="415" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2008">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFEC0FDAF574DFD56" author="Pozo, C. & Luis-Martinez, A. & Llorente-Bousquet, J. & Salas-Suarez, N. S. & Maya-Martinez, A. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Warren, A. D." box="[356,581,623,648]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="407 - 422" refId="ref22580" refString="Pozo, C., Luis-Martinez, A., Llorente-Bousquet, J., Salas-Suarez, N. S., Maya-Martinez, A., Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Warren, A. D. (2008) Seasonality and phenology of the butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea) of Mexico's Calakmul region. Florida Entomologist, 91 (3), 407 - 422. https: // doi. org / 10.1653 / 0015 - 4040 (2008) 91 [407: SAPOTB] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Pozo
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFE39FDAF54D8FD59" box="[413,464,624,648]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2008: 415
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746DFF33FD505722FD77" blockId="8.[151,1437,255,678]" box="[151,554,654,678]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF33FD505425FD77" box="[151,301,654,678]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
‘Cissia’
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFF4FFD515425FD77" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[235,301,654,678]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Cissia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">similis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; Zacca
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFED9FD5054B9FD77" box="[381,433,654,678]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2018: 351.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="138E6513FFBC746DFF33FD10570CFC34" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746DFF33FD105679FC87" blockId="8.[151,1437,719,2042]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF33FD10541AFD38" bold="true" box="[151,274,719,745]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFEBDFD1054F5FD38" authority="(Butler, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[281,509,719,745]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFEBDFD1054F5FD38" box="[281,509,719,745]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Vareuptychia similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFDA1FD105781FD38" bold="true" box="[517,649,719,745]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">comb. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
can be most easily distinguished from its congener by the absence of pupils in ocellus CuA
|
||
<subScript id="C71034DDFFBC746DFE2DFCD95499FCC5" attach="left" box="[393,401,774,788]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1</subScript>
|
||
-CuA
|
||
<subScript id="C71034DDFFBC746DFE6BFCD954DFFCC5" attach="left" box="[463,471,774,788]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2</subScript>
|
||
on the VHW (two pupils in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFCB5FD2B567DFCDC" authorityName="Zacca & Casagrande & Mielke & Huertas & Espeland & Freitas & Willmott & Nakahara & Lamas" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[785,885,755,781]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="themis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFCB5FD2B567DFCDC" box="[785,885,755,781]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">V. themis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFCD8FD2C56F3FCDC" bold="true" box="[892,1019,755,781]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72D357F1FFBC746DFCD8FD2C56F3FCDC" box="[892,1019,755,781]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
), by the shape and size of the lamella antevaginalis (smaller and rectangular in
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFDCEFCC757DEFCE0" box="[618,726,791,817]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFDCEFCC757DBFCE0" authority="(Butler, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[618,723,791,817]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">V. similis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFD7BFCC8566BFCE0" bold="true" box="[735,867,791,817]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">comb. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C3AF2A1DFFBC746DFCD8FCC856C7FCE3" box="[892,975,791,818]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,1229,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-198@9.[151,1436,1218,1890]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Female genitalia of species of Vareuptychia stat. rest.: 24–25. Vareuptychia similis comb. rest. (DZUP 27.891): 24. lateral, 25. ventral; 26–27. Vareuptychia themis comb. nov. (DZUP 27.897): 26. lateral; 27. ventral. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411421" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411421/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
, black arrow), and by the position of the paired signa (positioned dorso-laterally in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFDD6FCE357DFFC84" authority="(Butler, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[626,727,827,853]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFDD6FCE357DFFC84" box="[626,727,827,853]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">V. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFD7AFCE45669FC84" bold="true" box="[734,865,827,853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">comb. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746DFF63FC80565FFCA8" blockId="8.[151,1437,719,2042]" box="[199,855,863,889]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF63FC80547AFCA8" bold="true" box="[199,370,863,889]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C3AF2A1DFFBC746DFE25FC805702FCA8" box="[385,522,863,889]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–23" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1061,1085]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,489,1038]" captionTargetId="figure-142@9.[151,1435,489,1038]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14–23. Male genitalia of species of Vareuptychia stat. rest.: 14–18. Vareuptychia similis comb. rest. (BMNH#1420973): 14. lateral, 15. dorsal; 16. ventral; 17. aedeagus, dorsal; 18. aedeagus, lateral; 19–23. Vareuptychia themis comb. nov. (BMNH#1420750): 19. lateral; 20. dorsal; 21. ventral; 22. aedeagus, dorsal; 23. aedeagus, lateral. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411419/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 14–18</figureCitation>
|
||
). See ‘Redescription’ section.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746DFF63FC5C570CFC34" blockId="8.[151,1437,719,2042]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF63FC5C5485FC4C" bold="true" box="[199,397,899,925]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C3AF2A1DFFBC746DFE39FC5C5720FC4F" box="[413,552,899,926]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,1229,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-198@9.[151,1436,1218,1890]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Female genitalia of species of Vareuptychia stat. rest.: 24–25. Vareuptychia similis comb. rest. (DZUP 27.891): 24. lateral, 25. ventral; 26–27. Vareuptychia themis comb. nov. (DZUP 27.897): 26. lateral; 27. ventral. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411421" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411421/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 24–25</figureCitation>
|
||
). In addition to the characters mentioned in the generic description, the lateral plate reaches the 8
|
||
<superScript id="ACE19BD0FFBC746DFEC9FC785472FC64" attach="left" box="[365,378,935,949]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">th</superScript>
|
||
tergite. Lamella antevaginalis is small, wrinkled and rectangular in ventral view. The paired signa are located dorso-laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="138E6513FFBC746DFF63FC3055E2FB48" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746DFF63FC3055E2FB48" blockId="8.[151,1437,719,2042]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF63FC305437FBD8" bold="true" box="[199,319,1007,1033]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Most of the examined specimens exhibited a grayish brown VW ground color, lighter between the median and marginal lines and with orangey yellow patches on the umbra. However, those yellow patches on the VFW were faded or absent in a few individuals. Ocelli size was also variable on the VHW. In general, individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFF12FB835412FBA4" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[182,282,1115,1141]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF12FB835412FBA4" box="[182,282,1115,1141]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">V. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are consistently larger (FW length:
|
||
<quantity id="9C6C9B7DFFBC746DFD0BFB845620FBA7" box="[687,808,1115,1142]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="22.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="21.0">21–23 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 10) than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFB8CFB835185FBA4" authorityName="Zacca & Casagrande & Mielke & Huertas & Espeland & Freitas & Willmott & Nakahara & Lamas" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1064,1165,1115,1141]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="themis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFB8CFB835185FBA4" box="[1064,1165,1115,1141]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">V. themis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFB30FB84501DFBA4" bold="true" box="[1172,1301,1115,1141]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72D357F1FFBC746DFB30FB84501DFBA4" box="[1172,1301,1115,1141]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="9C6C9B7DFFBC746DFA80FB845095FBA7" box="[1316,1437,1115,1142]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="19.0">19–21 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 8).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="138E6513FFBC746DFF63FB7C51E3F92F" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746DFF63FB7C51E3F92F" blockId="8.[151,1437,719,2042]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF63FB7C54FCFB6C" bold="true" box="[199,500,1187,1213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is distributed widely from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBC746DFC08FB7C510AFB6C" box="[940,1026,1187,1213]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBC746DFB86FB7C519DFB6C" box="[1058,1173,1187,1213]" name="Venezuela" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBC746DFB6CFB7C55BDFB33" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at altitudes up to
|
||
<quantity id="9C6C9B7DFFBC746DFED9FB1854D9FB33" box="[381,465,1223,1250]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C3AF2A1DFFBC746DFE7BFB18573AFB30" box="[479,562,1223,1249]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="10.[151,250,2007,2031]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,1013,1978]" captionTargetId="figure-322@10.[161,1425,1005,1984]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 28. Map showing the distribution of Vareuptychia similis comb. rest." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411424/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two historical specimens were found at the NHMUK, labeled as having been collected at Nouveau Chantier, an agricultural camp in Saint Laurent du Maroni, French Guiana. This could be interpreted as a historical occurrence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFD80FACF5781FAF8" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[548,649,1295,1321]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFD80FACF5781FAF8" box="[548,649,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">V. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in this country or a result of mislabeling of specimens, since intensive surveys over the last 30 years have been made in this country (M. Benmesbah, pers. comm.) with no modern record of this species. A further historical specimen in the NHMUK supposedly from Manaus, Amazonas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBC746DFAA5FA885040FAA0" box="[1281,1352,1367,1393]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, is also presumed mislabeled. Several recent expeditions to that region conducted by members of ‘Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Universidade Federal do
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9950F87AFFBC746DFD5AFA405645FA68" box="[766,845,1439,1465]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paraná</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Brazil’ and ‘Laboratório de Ecologia e Sistemática de Borboletas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBC746DFD52FA1C5637FA0F" box="[758,831,1475,1502]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
)’ have not recorded this species, which is otherwise unknown from anywhere in the Amazon basin.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFD0CFA385682F9D0" authority="(Butler, 1867)" box="[680,906,1511,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFD0CFA385682F9D0" box="[680,906,1511,1537]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Vareuptychia similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFC35FA385119F9D0" bold="true" box="[913,1041,1511,1537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72D357F1FFBC746DFC35FA385119F9D0" box="[913,1041,1511,1537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is multivoltine and apparently flies all year (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFF5FF9D4576DF9F4" author="Figueroa-Fernandez, A. L. & Melendez-Herrada, A. & Luis-Martinez, A. & Vargas-Fernandez, I." box="[251,613,1547,1573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="57 - 75" refId="ref18756" refString="Figueroa-Fernandez, A. L., Melendez-Herrada, A., Luis-Martinez, A. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. (2014) Diversity of diurnal butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea) of Laguna Potosi and surrounding area, Guerrero, Mexico. Southwestern Entomologist, 39 (1), 57 - 75. https: // doi. org / 10.3958 / 059.039.0107" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Figueroa-Fernández
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFE43F9D35729F9F4" box="[487,545,1547,1573]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFDD5F9D45635F9F4" author="Miller, J. Y. & Matthews, D. L. & Warren, A. D. & Solis, M. A. & Harvey, D. J. & Gentili-Poole, P. & Lehman, R. & Emmel, T. C. & Covell, C. V." box="[625,829,1547,1573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref21436" refString="Miller, J. Y., Matthews, D. L., Warren, A. D., Solis, M. A., Harvey, D. J., Gentili-Poole, P., Lehman, R., Emmel, T. C. & Covell, C. V. (2012) An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Honduras. Insecta Mundi, 0205, 1 - 72." type="book chapter" year="2012">
|
||
Miller
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFD1BF9D357F1F9F4" box="[703,761,1547,1573]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; plus examined material). It is found in dry forests in association with xerophytic shrubland, secondary vegetation, pastures and riparian areas (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFBDAF9F0505BF99B" author="Harvey, C. A. & Villanueva, C. & Villacis, J. & Chacon, M. & Munoz, D. & Lopez, M. & Ibrahim, M. & Gomez, R. & Taylor, R. & Martinez, J. & Navas, A. & Saenz, J. & Sanchez, D. & Medina, A. & Vilchez, S. & Hernandez, B. & Perez, A. & Ruiz, F. & Lopez, F. & Lang, I. & Sinclair, F. L." box="[1150,1363,1583,1610]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="200 - 230" refId="ref19726" refString="Harvey, C. A., Villanueva, C., Villacis, J., Chacon, M., Munoz, D., Lopez, M., Ibrahim, M., Gomez, R., Taylor, R., Martinez, J., Navas, A., Saenz, J., Sanchez, D., Medina, A., Vilchez, S., Hernandez, B., Perez, A., Ruiz, F., Lopez, F., Lang, I. & Sinclair, F. L. (2005) Contribution of live fences to the ecological integrity of agricultural landscapes. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 111 (1 / 4), 200 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. agee. 2005.06.011" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Harvey
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFB7DF9EF5019F998" box="[1241,1297,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFAFAF9EF5486F9BC" author="Montero-Abril, F. & Moreno-P., M. & Gutierrez-M., L. C." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="157 - 173" refId="ref21515" refString="Montero-Abril, F., Moreno-P., M. & Gutierrez-M., L. C. (2009) Mariposas (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea y Papilionoidea) asociadas a fragmentos de bosque seco tropical en el departamento del Atlantico, Colombia. Boletin Cientifico del Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad de Caldas, 13 (2), 157 - 173." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Montero-Abril
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFEB4F98B5443F9BC" box="[272,331,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFE38F98C560FF9BC" author="Figueroa-Fernandez, A. L. & Melendez-Herrada, A. & Luis-Martinez, A. & Vargas-Fernandez, I." box="[412,775,1619,1645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="57 - 75" refId="ref18756" refString="Figueroa-Fernandez, A. L., Melendez-Herrada, A., Luis-Martinez, A. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. (2014) Diversity of diurnal butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea) of Laguna Potosi and surrounding area, Guerrero, Mexico. Southwestern Entomologist, 39 (1), 57 - 75. https: // doi. org / 10.3958 / 059.039.0107" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Figueroa-Fernández
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFD23F98B57C9F9BC" box="[647,705,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It has been recorded feeding on decaying fruits, such as graviola (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFEA6F9A8549BF940" box="[258,403,1655,1681]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Annonaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), sapote (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFE5FF9A85774F940" box="[507,636,1655,1681]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapotaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and mango (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFCB1F9A856B6F943" box="[789,958,1655,1682]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Anacardiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFC77F9A85014F940" author="Hernandez-Mejia, C. & Llorente-Bousquets, J. & Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Luis-Martinez, A." box="[979,1308,1655,1681]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="117 - 130" refId="ref19942" refString="Hernandez-Mejia, C., Llorente-Bousquets, J., Vargas-Fernandez, I. & Luis-Martinez, A. (2008) Las mariposas (Hesperioidea y Papilionoidea) de Malinalco, Estado de Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, 79 (1), 117 - 130. https: // doi. org / 10.22201 / ib. 20078706 e. 2008.001.538" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Hernández-Mejía
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFB04F9A751D1F940" box="[1184,1241,1655,1681]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFA8BF9A7540CF967" author="Harvey, C. A. & Villanueva, C. & Villacis, J. & Chacon, M. & Munoz, D. & Lopez, M. & Ibrahim, M. & Gomez, R. & Taylor, R. & Martinez, J. & Navas, A. & Saenz, J. & Sanchez, D. & Medina, A. & Vilchez, S. & Hernandez, B. & Perez, A. & Ruiz, F. & Lopez, F. & Lang, I. & Sinclair, F. L." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="200 - 230" refId="ref19726" refString="Harvey, C. A., Villanueva, C., Villacis, J., Chacon, M., Munoz, D., Lopez, M., Ibrahim, M., Gomez, R., Taylor, R., Martinez, J., Navas, A., Saenz, J., Sanchez, D., Medina, A., Vilchez, S., Hernandez, B., Perez, A., Ruiz, F., Lopez, F., Lang, I. & Sinclair, F. L. (2005) Contribution of live fences to the ecological integrity of agricultural landscapes. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 111 (1 / 4), 200 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. agee. 2005.06.011" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Harvey
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFA2CF9A755BCF964" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2005)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported this species flying among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFD28F94456EBF964" authority="(Ness) Stapf" authorityName="Stapf" baseAuthorityName="Ness" box="[652,995,1691,1717]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufa">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFD28F9445659F964" box="[652,849,1691,1717]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Hyparrhenia rufa</emphasis>
|
||
(Ness) Stapf
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFC49F9445066F964" authority="Hochst Stapf" authorityName="Hochst Stapf" box="[1005,1390,1691,1717]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Brachiaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brizantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFC49F94451D0F964" box="[1005,1240,1691,1717]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Brachiaria brizantha</emphasis>
|
||
Hochst Stapf
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFF33F91F547CF908" authority="Stapf" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,372,1727,1753]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Brachiaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decumbens">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF33F91F543AF908" box="[151,306,1727,1753]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B. decumbens</emphasis>
|
||
Stapf
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
grasses (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFE7EF9605731F908" box="[474,569,1727,1753]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBC746DFDC7F96057DEF908" box="[611,726,1727,1753]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBC746DFCA8F9605680F908" box="[780,904,1727,1753]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFBCCF91F51C4F908" authorityName="Zacca & Casagrande & Mielke & Huertas & Espeland & Freitas & Willmott & Nakahara & Lamas" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Zacca & Casagrande & Mielke & Huertas & Espeland & Freitas & Willmott & Nakahara & Lamas" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1128,1228,1727,1753]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFBCCF91F51C4F908" box="[1128,1228,1727,1753]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">V. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might use them as host plants. Apart from that report, there are no other records of the host plants or immature stages.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="138E6513FFBC746CFF63F8D85083FE00" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBC746CFF63F8D854BCFEB4" blockId="8.[151,1437,719,2042]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,150,466]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF63F8D8569EF8F0" bold="true" box="[199,918,1799,1825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Type material,
|
||
<typeStatus id="842F883AFFBC746DFEDAF8D854E1F8F0" box="[382,489,1799,1825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designation and taxonomic history.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFC3AF8D851FDF8F0" authority="Butler, 1867" authorityName="in Butler" authorityYear="1867" box="[926,1269,1799,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFC3AF8D85169F8F0" box="[926,1121,1799,1825]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Euptychia similis</emphasis>
|
||
Butler, 1867
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described based on at least two specimens, one from Central Valleys,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBC746DFC9FF8F456BCF894" box="[827,948,1835,1861]" name="Guatemala" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the other from an undetermined locality in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBC746DFF7DF8905458F8B8" box="[217,336,1871,1897]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
; Butler did not provide any illustration for this species. Three years later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFB2FF890502AF8B8" author="Butler, A. G." box="[1163,1314,1871,1897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="250 - 252" refId="ref17852" refString="Butler, A. G. (1870) On new or recently described species of diurnal Lepidoptera. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 6 (71), 250 - 252." type="journal article" year="1870">Butler (1870)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="842F883AFFBC746DFF65F8AB5410F85F" box="[193,280,1908,1934]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFE9BF8AB54A0F85C" authorityName="in Butler" authorityYear="1867" box="[319,424,1907,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFE9BF8AB54A0F85C" box="[319,424,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">E. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBC746DFE4AF8AC5769F85C" box="[494,609,1907,1933]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
was, in fact, a distinct species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFC5AF8AB516EF85C" authorityName="in Butler" authorityYear="1867" box="[1022,1126,1907,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFC5AF8AB516EF85C" box="[1022,1126,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">E. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which he named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFA8BF8AB5094F85C" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1870" box="[1327,1436,1907,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undina">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFA8BF8AB5094F85C" box="[1327,1436,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">E. undina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(illustrated as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFE93F847576CF860" authority="in Butler (1867 b" authorityName="in Butler" authorityYear="1867" box="[311,612,1943,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFE93F8475497F860" box="[311,415,1943,1969]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">E. similis</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBC746DFE60F848576CF860" author="Butler, A. G." box="[452,612,1943,1969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="104 - 110" refId="ref17778" refString="Butler, A. G. (1867 b) Descriptions of some new species of Satyridae belonging to the genus Euptychia. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867 (1), 104 - 110." type="journal article" year="1867">Butler (1867b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 12, fig. 10)) (see further discussion below under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFB1DF8485094F860" authorityName="Zacca & Casagrande & Mielke & Huertas & Espeland & Freitas & Willmott & Nakahara & Lamas" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1209,1436,1943,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="themis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFB1DF8485094F860" box="[1209,1436,1943,1969]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Vareuptychia themis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFF33F8645410F804" bold="true" box="[151,280,1979,2005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72D357F1FFBC746DFF33F8645410F804" box="[151,280,1979,2005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
). Two
|
||
<typeStatus id="842F883AFFBC746DFECCF86354C2F807" box="[360,458,1980,2006]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFE54F8635750F804" authorityName="in Butler" authorityYear="1867" box="[496,600,1979,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFE54F8635750F804" box="[496,600,1979,2005]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">E. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were found in the Godman & Salvin collection at the
|
||
<collectionCode id="3D85AE5DFFBC746DFB1FF8635021F807" box="[1211,1321,1980,2006]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
. The male specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBC746DFEE1F80054B6F828" box="[325,446,2015,2041]" name="Guatemala" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
is herein designated as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="842F883AFFBC746DFD57F8005652F828" box="[755,858,2015,2041]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBC746DFCDBF8005149F828" authorityName="in Butler" authorityYear="1867" box="[895,1089,2015,2041]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBC746DFCDBF8005149F828" box="[895,1089,2015,2041]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Euptychia similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to fix the identity of the name. This
|
||
<typeStatus id="842F883AFFBD746CFF6BFF48543EFF60" box="[207,310,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
has the following labels (separated by oblique bars): /Type H.T./ Central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBD746CFBFAFF4851DFFF60" box="[1118,1239,151,177]" name="Guatemala" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
S & G/ Centr[al]. Valleys,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23837608FFBD746CFF5FFF64547FFF04" box="[251,375,187,213]" name="Guatemala" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
, F[rederick]. D[ucane]. G[odman]. & O[sbert]. S[alvin]./
|
||
<specimenCount id="4D92FD11FFBD746CFBB2FF645122FF04" box="[1046,1066,187,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
/ Godman-Salvin Coll. 1904.–1. B[iologia]. C[entrali]. A[mericana]. Lep[idoptera]. Rhop[alocera].
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBD746CFCDBFF005191FF28" authority="Butl" authorityName="in Butler" authorityYear="1867" box="[895,1177,222,249]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBD746CFCDBFF005148FF28" box="[895,1088,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Euptychia similis</emphasis>
|
||
Butl[er
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]./ B. M. TYPE No. Rh. 3202
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBD746CFF72FEDC54E0FECC" authority="♂ Butl" authorityName="Butl" box="[214,488,258,285]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBD746CFF72FEDC5490FECC" box="[214,408,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Euptychia similis</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="4D92FD11FFBD746CFE3BFEDD54BBFECC" box="[415,435,258,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
Butl
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[er]./ Type. Sp. figured/ BMNH(E) 982888/; and two other labels will be added later: /
|
||
<typeStatus id="842F883AFFBD746CFF04FEF85407FE90" box="[160,271,295,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<typeStatus id="842F883AFFBD746CFEBBFEF85487FE90" box="[287,399,295,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBD746CFE3CFEF857FCFE90" authority="Butler, 1867" authorityName="in Butler" authorityYear="1867" box="[408,756,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBD746CFE3CFEF85753FE90" box="[408,603,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Euptychia similis</emphasis>
|
||
Butler, 1867
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. T. Zacca det. 2020/.
|
||
<collectionCode id="3D85AE5DFFBD746CFC48FEF85152FE90" box="[1004,1114,295,321]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
. The other specimen will be labelled as
|
||
<typeStatus id="842F883AFFBD746CFEB1FE9454B8FEB4" box="[277,432,331,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBD746CFF63FEB05040FE7C" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBD746CFF63FEB054AFFE58" authority="(Butler, 1867)" box="[199,423,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Vareuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBD746CFF63FEB054AFFE58" box="[199,423,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Vareuptychia similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been misidentified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C944D1BFFBD746CFD66FEB0565DFE58" authorityName="Zacca & Casagrande & Mielke & Huertas & Espeland & Freitas & Willmott & Nakahara & Lamas" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[706,853,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Cissia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="themis">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBD746CFD66FEB0565DFE58" box="[706,853,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cissia themis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in several collections (e.g.
|
||
<collectionCode id="3D85AE5DFFBD746CFBDEFEB051EFFE58" box="[1146,1255,367,393]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3D85AE5DFFBD746CFB4BFEB05030FE58" box="[1263,1336,367,393]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="University or college">DZUP</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="3D85AE5DFFBD746CFAE4FEB0509CFE58" box="[1344,1428,367,393]" country="Germany" name="Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt Universitaet" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ZMHU</collectionCode>
|
||
) and literature (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBD746CFE9EFE4C54CAFE7C" author="Lewis, H. L." box="[314,450,403,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref20564" refString="Lewis, H. L. (1973) Butterflies of the World. Follett, Chicago, Illinois, 312 pp." type="book" year="1973">Lewis 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBD746CFE6AFE4C5764FE7C" author="DeVries, P. J." box="[462,620,403,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref18393" refString="DeVries, P. J. (1987) The butterflies of Costa Rica and their Natural History. Vol. 1. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 288 pp." type="book" year="1987">DeVries 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBD746CFDDCFE4C566BFE7C" author="Marin, M. A. & Uribe, S. I." box="[632,867,403,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="22 - 32" refId="ref21024" refString="Marin, M. A. & Uribe, S. I. (2009) Actualizacion sobre Euptychiina (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae) representadas en la coleccion del Museo Entomologico Francisco Luis Gallego. Boletin del Museo Entomologico Francisco Luis Gallego, 1 (2), 22 - 32." type="journal article" year="2009">Marín & Uribe 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), as also noticed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F054B69FFBD746CFBE1FE4C504CFE7C" author="Nakahara, S. & Marin, M. A. & Mitsuhashi, W." box="[1093,1348,403,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="359 - 362" refId="ref21702" refString="Nakahara, S., Marin, M. A. & Mitsuhashi, W. (2012) First records for Cissia themis (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from Colombia and Venezuela. Revista Colombiana de Entomologia, 38 (2), 359 - 362." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Nakahara
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBD746CFB13FE4C51E7FE7C" box="[1207,1263,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5B2B3698FFBD746CFF63FE695083FE00" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,466]" box="[199,1419,438,466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="69E0EA8AFFBD746CFF63FE6954BCFE01" bold="true" box="[199,436,438,464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Examined material.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="4D92FD11FFBD746CFE1FFE685725FE00" box="[443,557,439,465]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="male">308 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="4D92FD11FFBD746CFDC7FE6857D5FE00" box="[611,733,439,465]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="female">74 females</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="4D92FD11FFBD746CFD49FE68568EFE00" box="[749,902,439,465]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">14 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
dissected)—see Supporting Information (S2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |