267 lines
39 KiB
XML
267 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ef137bea-e9d6-406b-b016-95acd7758286" ID-PMC="PMC10208737" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1150-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" ID-PubMed="37234100" ID-ZooBank="A38C5FB69F664F858788AAA53D21704D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1150-1" checkinTime="1677664009133" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crews, Sarah C." docDate="2023" docId="EEF96E2FB4855B4797AFEA970D4D32B4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1150: 1-189" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1150" docPubDate="2023-02-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760" docTitle="Karaops larapinta Crews 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="3C4B9AAD-46DD-444C-9F69-1F5672622022" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" masterDocTitle="But wait, there's more! Descriptions of new species and undescribed sexes of flattie spiders (Araneae, Selenopidae, Karaops) from Australia" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732488240156" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B2E9B18806A0B99A61C8EE02E8BA0ED1">But wait, there's more! Descriptions of new species and undescribed sexes of flattie spiders (Araneae, Selenopidae, Karaops) from Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8EB80AD8C7FD243804A546C9AB240DA2">Crews, Sarah C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="23BE610266CBC280A1A6A94E10238889">California Academy of Sciences, Department of Entomology, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DBF2D4AEB1B9AF9F1663B59E43845B55" type="email">screwsemail@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FF49F40992E52080563591A571CD7BC2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0FDA8523010CD7ED7937202EFC2193B4">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="09CBC87FAC99199E0A488FBF0A9B04B6">
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<mods:date id="C0438DE230D565C44E0392405FCD29F0">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="67EA72A7F0A5558D9A5F8A7DDE1F0093">2023-02-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9915F10FB5E792CA05C38718D8B4DC90">1150</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="8305C828F6C3D2FE36C4E748A112BE8F">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="3156A7BBE22AB6538149A776705537EB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2B8A56AC01BA01A1589807DC995481B9" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="EEF96E2FB4855B4797AFEA970D4D32B4" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209383642" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3C4B9AAD-46DD-444C-9F69-1F5672622022" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EEF96E2FB4855B4797AFEA970D4D32B4" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Selenopidae" scope_order="Araneae">
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<subSubSection id="E9167A979A0757E16965B5971DA9B3E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5F6E70847DC15AC1AC580FCE4BA848BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="F8FBF26E2D38E01695A3163C1AC4A01D" ID-CoL="C7KNX" LSID="https://zoobank.org/3C4B9AAD-46DD-444C-9F69-1F5672622022" authority="Crews, 2023" authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops larapinta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larapinta" status="sp. nov.">Karaops larapinta</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="17F72D3C24A2FD551FBC077CF20C73BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3DB8D54DB49D2C41D987AB01ED1C3391" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="639E2CDC775470E44712D63F3C3C04C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation id="23D413D24A51E58629369EDCAF389F45" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Species and habitats of the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1093, MAGNT A 004858) B Karaops deserticola, female holotype, Mount Lindsay, South Australia (SAM N 199350) C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops larapinta sp. nov., paratype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) E Habitat of Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory F Karaops sp., King's Canyon Rim Walk, Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory G habitat of Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., Ormiston Gorge, Northern Territory, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816382" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2C, D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="AB2AD5CD09362D09EF8E7FD2759D55A2" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 3. Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group A Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) B same, endogyne C Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes / epigynal plate D same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold E same, epigyne F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="2022032651DD3F6B7599B8A62B6E8CFD" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 5. Species from the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (MAGNT A 004858) B same, holotype male, face showing black marks near eyes and " mustache " C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype, epigyne, caudal, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816387" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6F20940BEFE2DB3C4DC4B25812E35121" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Map 1. Map of Australia showing areas that are expanded in subsequent figures. CD = Central Desert group, D = Karaops dawara group, F = Karaops francesae group, K = Kimberley group, UA = species that are not assigned to a group, PG = Pilbara-Gascoyne group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Maps 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="256B13CCBBB2BB98293EF8520DC3F7B6" captionStart="Map 2" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Map 2. Species of the Central Desert species group; orange = juvenile from Morgan Range, light purple = Karaops deserticola, teal = Karaops ngarutjaranya, red = juveniles from Watarrka, blue = Karaops larapinta sp. nov., pink = Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., yellow = Karaops pilkingtoni, x = Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., purple = Karaops vadlaadambara, green = Karaops manaayn. Juveniles are treated as distinct species based on molecular data." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816384" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A1AC529AAD216325D4D16FC31F3B90CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="596CFCE347EF6DC6F6C2CA6C31606471" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A3212C567FCC5E8C15754E7660EE019B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation id="C389EED31A45D1F7A8F0777635EAB276" collectingDate="1993-10" collectorName="R. Raven, No." location="Northern Territory" municipality="Finke River" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis id="06C9CBB1AD6F46ACE4D5E643121EFD8B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus id="A9F21ACAA7260677B327E09373BD0D1F">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<location id="124BFAA5DEE110CAF84275780745C955" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EEF96E2FB4855B4797AFEA970D4D32B4:124BFAA5DEE110CAF84275780745C955" municipality="Finke River" name="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</location>
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•
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<specimenCount id="99DF3F8D49233ABD1191AB532DD9CB0E">♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingMunicipality id="9263E1E2A8DB4302F69C09062D87EC04">Finke River</collectingMunicipality>
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;
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<collectingDate id="6D08352B28DCB156F1ED4DF913A16A80" value="1993-10">Oct. 1993</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName id="979CC565F94CFDACEA9B40D74A78D841">R. Raven</collectorName>
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leg.;
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<collectorName id="96FC2DC555380835BA016760C93B4CEC">No.</collectorName>
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501; (QMS 110852)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="C97CB1C3803CA6069F46DFF3E056B762" accessionNumber="QMS 12909" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="R. Raven & No." location="Northern Territory" municipality="Finke River" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="Paratype">
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<emphasis id="47A2FE567868F90C7132CFE4D4E5D85F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus id="D07EF16539A2DC72EAC14572B6958B05">Paratype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount id="3B0856C06D8BE0112B51667C99C48597">♀</specimenCount>
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; same data as holotype (
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<accessionNumber id="3A925650E7516E512CA585E989FCF716" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/QMS12909">QMS 12909</accessionNumber>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C410EE91F97C7EF7A1C0176F64CD2A5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2A08B37CE0C333FC6DDFD2FCC60B2636" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4582B99B6E5CB446D4CB52BC5E063291" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="20031213CCE9BB3F616E0E56BF82DCB1" authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops larapinta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larapinta">
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<emphasis id="453447B45B4A407B1F10F9FEE9B84A8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops larapinta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="074E6134782418BB5CAC7A83BF27C6EC" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Species and habitats of the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1093, MAGNT A 004858) B Karaops deserticola, female holotype, Mount Lindsay, South Australia (SAM N 199350) C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops larapinta sp. nov., paratype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) E Habitat of Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory F Karaops sp., King's Canyon Rim Walk, Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory G habitat of Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., Ormiston Gorge, Northern Territory, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816382" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2C</figureCitation>
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) is similar to other species of the Central Desert group by the median lobe that is unsclerotized posteriorly, the small copulatory ducts, and the large accessory bulbs (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="7E2C1AF173D7F2DFFB389B54462D70C0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 3. Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group A Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) B same, endogyne C Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes / epigynal plate D same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold E same, epigyne F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A, B</figureCitation>
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). It can be differentiated from all of these except
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<taxonomicName id="98C08E0E3C494516AC0FDABAA8C09483" lsidName="K. pilkingtoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pilkingtoni">
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<emphasis id="75A3755F006217E2D167C2B8330DEFB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. pilkingtoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the accessory bulbs which in the other species are separated by at least half to more than one accessory bulb diameter (
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<bibRefCitation id="523C3651390A1D55AD9912487BCF916E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 103" refId="B14" refString="Crews, SC, Harvey, MS, 2011. The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region. ZooKeys 99: 1 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" title="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" volume="99" year="2011">Crews and Harvey 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 58). It can be separated from
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<taxonomicName id="5E3214D9AA3B979AD71F97A6F8A299C7" lsidName="K. pilkingtoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pilkingtoni">
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<emphasis id="4E04F567B60195ABA9D8C988D7A3A5EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. pilkingtoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the accessory bulbs being nearly the same size as the spermathecae, whereas the accessory bulbs are much larger than the spermathecae in
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<taxonomicName id="174F5359EBE0BA25CAC98135FB125567" lsidName="K. pilkingtoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pilkingtoni">
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<emphasis id="8B043FD8749864481D87F1385CD9F638" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. pilkingtoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="7DB5B04B4264611B0AE46A5F200E1542" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Species and habitats of the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1093, MAGNT A 004858) B Karaops deserticola, female holotype, Mount Lindsay, South Australia (SAM N 199350) C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops larapinta sp. nov., paratype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) E Habitat of Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory F Karaops sp., King's Canyon Rim Walk, Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory G habitat of Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., Ormiston Gorge, Northern Territory, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816382" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2A, B</figureCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="4B89B2B3E0FF91E19BD97319647854A7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 103" refId="B14" refString="Crews, SC, Harvey, MS, 2011. The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region. ZooKeys 99: 1 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" title="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" volume="99" year="2011">Crews and Harvey 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 58). In the new species, there is a long, triangular depression in the median field that is lacking in the other species (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="39E540A3F525A106AC0031EBFDEC5C80" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 3. Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group A Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) B same, endogyne C Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes / epigynal plate D same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold E same, epigyne F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A, B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="53CAFEBFB6EFA6FB0129FCC54262CE61" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F5">
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||
<paragraph id="FC4E9ECA82FCC2A19A5236186E4CA207" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="82896F280A8BF4B92D96A0A38A9AC352" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group
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<emphasis id="264999FAF4BF294E81BC40C0FB2171D2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="BE54F0448861D4E8F6C7FCFBD4F21094" authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops larapinta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larapinta">
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<emphasis id="DD957F428B66B3BA06777AA246544D2A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops larapinta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852)
|
||
<emphasis id="F16733CDBFA1801999501ECE829D143C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
same, endogyne
|
||
<emphasis id="EE6673F67DFAB49F2E28FEF5407533B3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EA028CAC650F6FA0DEB433F5177AC07" authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops mparntwe" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mparntwe">
|
||
<emphasis id="7951D4DED92D3726BFECE6205188BEB4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops mparntwe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes/epigynal plate
|
||
<emphasis id="4FE486C0C7B47CB4C0DFC779F3B541D9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold
|
||
<emphasis id="91ABE4424AEC727EB855A9F67CB3AC5C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
same, epigyne
|
||
<emphasis id="5651934CC8163065D680D4A85DC767B8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E4611605DA948348338979C3F76B227" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="7F951A75DDEEFBE3F4322DF4D802191C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F8344B6247D6C9C27CD3F73D2C22DA64" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F4E328452330D99E36BAFA91D39C671" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype). Total length 7.49. Carapace: length 2.45, width 3.69. Chelicerae: promargin with three teeth, retromargin with two teeth. Eyes: AER slightly recurved, PER recurved; diameters AME 0.18, ALE 0.18, PME 0.29, PLE 0.36; interdistances AME-PME 0.04, PME-ALE 0.10, ALE-PLE 0.20, PME-PME 1.20, ALE-ALE 1.62, AME-AME 0.59, PLE-PLE 1.85. Sternum: length 1.67, width 1.89. Abdomen length 5.04, width 4.03. Color: Carapace: orange-yellow, with two dark markings lateroposterior to eye region, three marks each on lateral margins, faded, most setae worn off. Chelicerae: yellowish, paturon with a longitudinal curved mark frontally, setae white, long anteriorly. Maxillae: yellowish white. Labium: gray, pale distally. Sternum: yellowish. Abdomen: dorsally reddish orange, two dark spots at anterior margin, two laterally just posterior to these, two lateromedially posterior to these, two small ones just posterior to previous, two dark marks extend to lateral edges, connect to jagged markings lateromedially, two dark, wavy lines posterolaterally; ventrally grayish. Legs: pale yellow-orange, Cx with dusky mark prolaterally, Fm with dusky mark prolaterally, another medially, forming annulation, Pt with dark mark ventrally, Ti with dark mark ventrally at Pt-Ti joint, with annulation closer to Mt, dark annulation on Ti at Ti-Mt joint and halfway between that and Mt joint, dark annulation on Mt at Ti joint and at Mt-Ta joint, Ta tip not dark (may be faded); spines dark basally, pale distally; spination leg I Fm d 1-1-1, pr 1-1-0, Ti v 2-2-2-2-2-2, Mt v 2-2-2-2; leg II Fm d 1-1-1, Ti v 2-2-2-2-2-2, Mt v 2-2-2-2; leg III Fm d 1-1-1; leg IV Fm d 1-1-1, pr 0-0-1, rl 0-0-1; leg formula 4321; measurements leg I 13.86 (3.85, 1.65, 3.83, 3.24, 1.3); leg II 15.73 (4.95, 1.65, 4.13, 3.60, 1.40); leg III 16.13 (5.23, 1.40, 4.28, 3.70, 1.53); leg IV 16.36 (5.50, 1.48, 4.26, 3.71, 1.40). Palp: spination Fm d 0-1-3; 3.30 (1.05, 0.60, 0.75, 0.90); basally dusky, Ta dusky basodorsally; claw with eight teeth. Epigyne: EP triangular; MF with long, triangular depression, lobe posteriorly unsclerotized (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FF6264E7FA2F6002A628090AC664DC6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 3. Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group A Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) B same, endogyne C Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes / epigynal plate D same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold E same, epigyne F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="11D3B6B70585EC7FCA07D3C331F5F69B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 5. Species from the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (MAGNT A 004858) B same, holotype male, face showing black marks near eyes and " mustache " C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype, epigyne, caudal, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816387" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
); LLs separated at posterior 1/3 of EP; COs at anterolateral edges of lobe (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="76BF73CAECC316396E19CD93690F3335" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 3. Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group A Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) B same, endogyne C Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes / epigynal plate D same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold E same, epigyne F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E6010D03748C236E83832AC97B4748C" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 5. Species from the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (MAGNT A 004858) B same, holotype male, face showing black marks near eyes and " mustache " C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype, epigyne, caudal, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816387" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Endogyne: CDs very short; ABs larger than S, round; S oval; duct between S and ABs coiled once, FDs directed anteriorly (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B334A0CB816E71872EC9480E4B506038" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 3. Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group A Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) B same, endogyne C Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes / epigynal plate D same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold E same, epigyne F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C40D356C4DDFC25B679DC6729CC93AD7" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph id="FEA6C63B8AC2A4DEEE16ECCF1A7B43C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="4CC1D5C5D343359519DAD9F9519A00D4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D89132E8704428AF8FB29B972CC092BF" authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops kwartatuma" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kwartatuma">
|
||
<emphasis id="C19B23CDB75D6338F10A55047F5C11ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops kwartatuma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., holotype male, (Kwartatuma) Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (sel_1093, MAGNT A004858)
|
||
<emphasis id="0D9313326A821677374AF662F5B53426" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
palp, ventral; green = vRTA, orange = dRTA, light gray-blue = tegulum, blue-violet = tegular lobe, turquoise = spermophor, blue = embolus, pink = conductor, yellow = MA, dark green = subtegulum, Sp = spinules
|
||
<emphasis id="1176C61483ACE4BED2CADB08F3F90CD4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
same, palp, dorsal
|
||
<emphasis id="FEDF6793FC5079D63B8232253D6C6263" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
same, ventral
|
||
<emphasis id="C6B86233078D6C4837E29B5ACE928592" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
same, retrolateral. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="58782DBBB35117C0E9ED5D59AA3C5DD9" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816387" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 5" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph id="9DF253BB3220FB2550EEE8B1E417111E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="A93A98D4E4C93E975DE4BAB45FB1D80D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Species from the Central Desert species group
|
||
<emphasis id="2C4DB633303A287BF82434D1F7C585CD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="90DC26BA24F7681E5949DFE3C8509C9B" authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops kwartatuma" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kwartatuma">
|
||
<emphasis id="E2A09000EE20B42F4368B0AFF8629933" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops kwartatuma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (MAGNT A004858)
|
||
<emphasis id="723B8270E28133127FF14AE8792D6D13" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
same, holotype male, face showing black marks near eyes and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1038B5FD22BFEFC365139998967CCB4C" originalValue="“mustache”">"mustache"</normalizedToken>
|
||
<emphasis id="E1E84C0B8D7726C1E2AE73FAE67FB048" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94ABFD030D3F89587953823FCCBE6D67" authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops larapinta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larapinta">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4ED2FF49177FCEFB109313C0FB68206" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops larapinta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., holotype, epigyne, caudal, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852)
|
||
<emphasis id="0812A34D04168B1FC9480D838DDAADAC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CEF4A192047CD17CB896AFDAF0A0346D" authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AE4A96BEFF55E191F0AB2F445A77F68F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="98C816405657002FDAB858682C7B7485" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDAC2E3BA409570E957FC0F252A7EF30" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D37F721273830AB893E99D1B43284C43" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="F7A6E2FB50E3852C21E9F8945A7123EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="606DC864F217CC30DC20E2D49F9D7E0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The size of the paratype is 7.86.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A92A64ECA51CD615E6D8EC755ACA2A1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="DC14F752BBADCF4DA23E53DA521717EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="28678E5C08D9714BB2909DBF56DC1016" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The specific name is the indigenous word for the type locality, thought to be the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EB949D90F3209CA5B94D0BC6A39E183C" originalValue="world’s">world's</normalizedToken>
|
||
oldest river, in the Arrente language. Noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A5CA5BEEE12C529089558F95ACEB26A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="DFFEC0C2B27086D57ACBA2AF7DEC65C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="684F3F8C3415FDAED11D10AEFB22791A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Known from only the type locality, Larapinta (Finke River), Northern Territory (Map
|
||
<figureCitation id="3461E37365DDCD273D1E8ABC08359634" captionStart="Map 2" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Map 2. Species of the Central Desert species group; orange = juvenile from Morgan Range, light purple = Karaops deserticola, teal = Karaops ngarutjaranya, red = juveniles from Watarrka, blue = Karaops larapinta sp. nov., pink = Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., yellow = Karaops pilkingtoni, x = Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., purple = Karaops vadlaadambara, green = Karaops manaayn. Juveniles are treated as distinct species based on molecular data." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816384" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24386B210E55FD297A84867449CB794C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph id="A39DB6E92F3077B1FBFACC8A3B021120" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD4C8DB0F19A791EF9689E9B7D225FBB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BBE62D3E72C9C490470FC512A6C4639" authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops larapinta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larapinta">
|
||
<emphasis id="A07EC99FE1073B2A495B5AAFED12296C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops larapinta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="60DDBCF10467C7C08CC1C6ACA5497F27" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Species and habitats of the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1093, MAGNT A 004858) B Karaops deserticola, female holotype, Mount Lindsay, South Australia (SAM N 199350) C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops larapinta sp. nov., paratype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) E Habitat of Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory F Karaops sp., King's Canyon Rim Walk, Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory G habitat of Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., Ormiston Gorge, Northern Territory, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816382" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) is found in either the Finke or Henbury subregion of the Finke Bioregion (exact coordinates unavailable). This bioregion comprises arid sandplains, major rivers, valleys, mulga (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="19A3F65B9A5CCB0EA75D54248F442DF4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia aneura" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aneura">
|
||
<emphasis id="3A3821DFDF1893BB61B5104041DDD68F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acacia aneura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and other acacia,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCA5BCABF468BBF5352AE11FD6B8323D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senna" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ED77DDA2534154D2A5083D9DB31ABD03" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Senna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Miller,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2E60CB764F7DA573F47EE32AB3234389" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Eremophila" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eremophila" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="831A9319C00DAE29D46C06F2FB5460B0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eremophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Brown, short grass, and forbs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CEEED2C752A42D1AFD553398B340B141" author="Bastin, G" journalOrPublisher="Cunninghamia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/land/publications/acris-rangelands-2008-taking-pulse" refId="B4" refString="Bastin, G, 2008. Rangelands 2008 - Taking the Pulse, published on behalf of the ACRIS Management Committee by the National Land & Water Resources Audit, Canberra. https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/land/publications/acris-rangelands-2008-taking-pulse" title="Rangelands 2008 - Taking the Pulse, published on behalf of the ACRIS Management Committee by the National Land & Water Resources Audit, Canberra." url="https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/land/publications/acris-rangelands-2008-taking-pulse" year="2008">Bastin 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These females were collected during the hottest part of the year, going from the dry into the wet (Suppl. material 2: table S1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0D203F90638F9501492723CEC37CCC6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="B5140F2AB44834218DCA5F28DC0AF5FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="667020F3CD57120143153DDBFC585B9E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The region suffers from introduced species and grazing (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="091D42EE777764BCCB9182BAD2595820" author="Bastin, G" journalOrPublisher="Cunninghamia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/land/publications/acris-rangelands-2008-taking-pulse" refId="B4" refString="Bastin, G, 2008. Rangelands 2008 - Taking the Pulse, published on behalf of the ACRIS Management Committee by the National Land & Water Resources Audit, Canberra. https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/land/publications/acris-rangelands-2008-taking-pulse" title="Rangelands 2008 - Taking the Pulse, published on behalf of the ACRIS Management Committee by the National Land & Water Resources Audit, Canberra." url="https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/land/publications/acris-rangelands-2008-taking-pulse" year="2008">Bastin 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is biodiverse but has only been surveyed for birds and plants.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |