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<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685359" ID-ZooBank="FC367536-2DF0-4598-992B-78022F58623A" approvalRequired="6" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="6" checkinTime="1677571355041" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Namayandeh, Armin, Hudson, Patrick L., Ghaderi, Edris &amp; Stott, Wendylee" docDate="2023" docId="039BB669DF07D25F89E3FBF023BAF8E7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5249.1.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5249 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zavrelia Kieffer &amp; Bause 1913" docType="key" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="120" masterDocId="FFA2CE11DF0ED2568974FF8A226BFFDA" masterDocTitle="Zavrelia parapentatoma (Chironomidae: Diptera), a curious new species from North America, revealed by molecular methods" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="111" pageNumber="120" updateTime="1677601370939" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Zavrelia parapentatoma (Chironomidae: Diptera), a curious new species from North America, revealed by molecular methods</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Namayandeh, Armin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-2136-0497</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, Canada. arminnamayandeh @ trentu. ca; a. namayan @ taxanama. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2136 - 0497</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">arminnamayandeh@trentu.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hudson, Patrick L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>5597 New Meadow Drive, Ypsilanti, MI 48197.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ghaderi, Edris</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. &amp; Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Stott, Wendylee</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-5252-4901</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Arctic and Aquatic Research Division, 501 University Cr., Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Wendylee. Stott @ dfo-mpo. gc. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5252 - 4901</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tott@dfo-mpo.gc.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-02-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>5249</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>111</mods:start>
<mods:end>124</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.6</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7685359</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">FC367536-2DF0-4598-992B-78022F58623A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039BB669DF07D25F89E3FBF023BAF8E7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039BB669DF07D25F89E3FBF023BAF8E7" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<subSubSection box="[151,596,1145,1172]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,596,1145,1172]" box="[151,596,1145,1172]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<heading bold="true" box="[151,596,1145,1172]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" reason="1">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,596,1145,1172]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
Key to the known pupae of
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="648WN" ID-ENA="2886787" authorityName="Kieffer &amp; Bause" authorityYear="1913" box="[495,596,1145,1172]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[495,596,1145,1172]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Zavrelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="120" type="key">
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
1. The anterior of thorax and frontal apotome rugose. Anterior dorsocentral taeniate and longer than the remaining dorsocentrals (
<bibRefCitation author="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E." box="[232,427,1244,1266]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="119" refId="ref11393" refString="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E. (2009) A review of the genus Zavrelia (Diptera: Chironomidae). European Journal of Entomology, 106, 119. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2009.016" type="journal article" year="2009">Ekrem &amp; Stur 2009</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation box="[435,538,1244,1266]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1293,1317]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,317,1261]" captionTargetId="figure-86@7.[173,1414,309,1270]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., pupa (A-C), larva (D-G). A. frontal apotome; B. thoracic horn; C. abdomen; D. antenna; E. premandible; F. mandible; G. mentum. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685367/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
)........................................................
<taxonomicName authority="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityName="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityYear="2009" box="[1216,1436,1244,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="casasi">
<emphasis box="[1216,1302,1245,1266]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. casasi</emphasis>
Ekrem &amp;Stur
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">- The anterior of thorax and frontal apotome smooth. Anterior dorsocentral simple, shorter, or longer than the remaining dorsocentrals......................................................................................... 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" box="[151,1436,1332,1354]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,1332,1354]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">2. Frontal tubercle absent to weakly developed................................................................ 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" box="[151,1436,1361,1383]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,1361,1383]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">- Frontal tubercle well-developed.......................................................................... 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
3. The median patches of microspinules on tergites II–V well-extended, and those of II–IV not divided in the middle (
<bibRefCitation author="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E." pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="119" refId="ref11393" refString="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E. (2009) A review of the genus Zavrelia (Diptera: Chironomidae). European Journal of Entomology, 106, 119. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2009.016" type="journal article" year="2009">Ekrem &amp; Stur 2009</bibRefCitation>
: Fig. 9C). Anal lobe seta is simple.........................................
<taxonomicName authority="Kieffer &amp; Bause" authorityName="Kieffer &amp; Bause" authorityYear="1913" box="[1145,1437,1420,1442]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentatoma">
<emphasis box="[1145,1272,1421,1442]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. pentatoma</emphasis>
Kieffer &amp; Bause
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
- The median patches of microspinules on tergites II–V not well-extended, and those of II–IV appear divided in the middle with only a few micospinules (
<figureCitation box="[473,548,1479,1501]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1632,1656]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1608]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[151,1436,181,1608]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov. location and habitat of larva (A–B), mature larva in the case (C–D), prepupa case openings (E–F). A. Ervin-Stucki Preserve in Washtenaw County, Southeast Michigan, looking towards the Raisin River; B. Detrital material along the edge of the boardwalk; C. prepupae larvae that crawled to the edge of the dish (arrows); D. mature larva in the case; E. larger opening of the case; F. smaller opening of the case." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685369/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
). Anal lobe seta is prominent and taeniate...................
<taxonomicName authority="Namayandeh &amp; Hudson &amp; Ghaderi &amp; Stott, 2023" authorityName="Namayandeh &amp; Hudson &amp; Ghaderi &amp; Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[1182,1354,1479,1500]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[1182,1354,1479,1500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. parapentatoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1479,1500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1360,1436,1479,1500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" box="[151,1436,1508,1530]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,1508,1530]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">4. Segment V of the abdomen with 4 taeniate lateral setae....................................................... 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" box="[151,1436,1537,1559]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,1537,1559]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">- Segment V of the abdomen with 3 taeniate lateral setae....................................................... 6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
5. Tergites V–VI with large parallel rectangular patches of microspinules that could be connected anteriorly. Pleura II–III without shagreens (
<bibRefCitation author="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E." box="[333,527,1596,1618]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="119" refId="ref11393" refString="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E. (2009) A review of the genus Zavrelia (Diptera: Chironomidae). European Journal of Entomology, 106, 119. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2009.016" type="journal article" year="2009">Ekrem &amp; Stur 2009</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation box="[536,609,1596,1618]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,717,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-260@3.[157,1431,705,1734]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Histogram of genetic distance estimates from ABGD (Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery) for a partition analysis of 19 cytochrome oxidase subunit1 sequences of the Zavrelia and Stempellinella species. nbr = number of runs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685363" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685363/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
)................................................
<taxonomicName authority="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityName="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityYear="2009" box="[1197,1436,1596,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aristate">
<emphasis box="[1197,1295,1597,1618]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. aristate</emphasis>
Ekrem &amp; Stur
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
- Tergites V–VI with continous patches of microspinules. Pleura II–III with shagreens (
<bibRefCitation author="Zorina, O. V." box="[1048,1178,1625,1647]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="60 - 68" refId="ref12752" refString="Zorina, O. V. (2008) Russian Zavrelia Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae), with the description of two new species. Zootaxa, 1845 (1), 60 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1845.1.4" type="journal article" year="2008">Zorina, 2008</bibRefCitation>
: Fig. 6)......................................................................................................
<taxonomicName authority="Zorina" authorityName="Zorina" authorityYear="2008" box="[1278,1436,1655,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elenae">
<emphasis box="[1278,1367,1655,1676]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. elenae</emphasis>
Zorina
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" box="[151,1436,1684,1706]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,1684,1706]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
6. Tubercle of prealar not developed.....................................................
<taxonomicName authority="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityName="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityYear="2009" box="[1194,1436,1684,1706]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hudsoni">
<emphasis box="[1194,1296,1684,1706]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. hudsoni</emphasis>
Ekrem &amp; Stur
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" box="[151,1436,1713,1735]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead box="[151,1436,1713,1735]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">- Tubercle of prealar moderately to well-developed............................................................ 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
7. Segment III of the abdomen with semi-taeniate lateral setae. Thoracic horn &lt;300 μm long (
<bibRefCitation author="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E." box="[1105,1299,1743,1765]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="119" refId="ref11393" refString="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E. (2009) A review of the genus Zavrelia (Diptera: Chironomidae). European Journal of Entomology, 106, 119. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2009.016" type="journal article" year="2009">Ekrem &amp; Stur 2009</bibRefCitation>
: Figs. 11B–C).................................................................................
<taxonomicName authority="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityName="Ekrem &amp; Stur" authorityYear="2009" box="[1213,1436,1772,1794]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinica">
<emphasis box="[1213,1295,1773,1794]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. sinica</emphasis>
Ekrem &amp; Stur
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,1215,1853]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="120">
- Segment III of the abdomen with simple lateral setae. Thoracic horn&gt; 330 μm long (
<bibRefCitation author="Zorina, O. V." box="[1041,1170,1801,1823]" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" pagination="60 - 68" refId="ref12752" refString="Zorina, O. V. (2008) Russian Zavrelia Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae), with the description of two new species. Zootaxa, 1845 (1), 60 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1845.1.4" type="journal article" year="2008">Zorina, 2008</bibRefCitation>
: Figs. 16, 18).........
<taxonomicName authority="Zorina" authorityName="Zorina" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudopentatoma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="120">Z. pseudopentatoma</emphasis>
Zorina
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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