163 lines
20 KiB
XML
163 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="680E6F66BAAF56166B09768EF20C84BC" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5353.6.2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10012459" ID-ZooBank="DD342940-639F-4054-B153-932C318DF73E" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1697528052279" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tan, Desmond Kai Teck, Fong, Jonathan J. & Zhang, Chao" docDate="2023" docId="112B87BCFFD8FFF6FF29FA0DFD91FE96" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5353.6.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5353 (6)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5353.6.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Heterobiantes Roewer 1912" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="536" masterDocId="ED12FFC4FFDAFFF5FFBEFFC7FFD4FFF3" masterDocTitle="Re-description of the genus Heterobiantes and its type species H. geniculatus (Opiliones: Laniatores: Epedanidae) with additional genital and external morphology data" masterLastPageNumber="550" masterPageNumber="533" pageNumber="535" updateTime="1697636713092" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="38BDC5FE83464AAE7C6945879560F54E">Re-description of the genus Heterobiantes and its type species H. geniculatus (Opiliones: Laniatores: Epedanidae) with additional genital and external morphology data</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="41B2EBE7A1A8B5D2C661436024258D83">Tan, Desmond Kai Teck</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6B7FD581E38FC02C383D6FB55989F7FA">Science Unit, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China & desmondtan @ ln. hk; https: // orcid. org / 0009 - 0003 - 2388 - 7214</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E09BE97FDA044C07D03B06D31F2CAFFC" type="email">desmondtan@ln.hk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="89C3CCE84E14042C6A3FD0645F6DF959">Fong, Jonathan J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7E2783B5FBD6C736DA6111E51D249276">Science Unit, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China & jonfong @ ln. edu. hk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3648 - 6730</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="10991B91099A7A8F2376D96E2DB0A7A8" type="email">jonfong@ln.edu.hk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B88F8B132A09A90F2D947435BC795270">Zhang, Chao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="255CA63EF9D37F4E789D30731E51BC55">Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China & opiliones @ 163. com: https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1702 - 1206</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="2DA206FF2F7A97551F12A00E1D6438F3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="BC25D98370DC36EEBC085556EF1133C0">
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<mods:date id="FBE7B00E16F681980C89C4CB066F40BC">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2075A81EAC2F43447FFC28D447C088B7">2023-10-13</mods:number>
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<treatment id="112B87BCFFD8FFF6FF29FA0DFD91FE96" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10012516" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10012516" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:112B87BCFFD8FFF6FF29FA0DFD91FE96" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/112B87BCFFD8FFF6FF29FA0DFD91FE96" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="536" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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<subSubSection id="D1986521FFD8FFF7FF29FA0DFE3BFA17" box="[151,495,1482,1509]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="993D36AAFFD8FFF7FF29FA0DFE3BFA17" blockId="2.[151,495,1482,1509]" box="[151,495,1482,1509]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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<heading id="C27581C6FFD8FFF7FF29FA0DFE3BFA17" bold="true" box="[151,495,1482,1509]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="5E824D29FFD8FFF7FF29FA0DFE3BFA17" ID-CoL="7PK22" authority="Roewer, 1912" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,495,1482,1509]" class="Arachnida" family="Epedanidae" genus="Heterobiantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="ABF6EAB8FFD8FFF7FF29FA0DFE3BFA17" bold="true" box="[151,495,1482,1509]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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<emphasis id="ABF6EAB8FFD8FFF7FF29FA0DFE94FA16" bold="true" box="[151,320,1482,1509]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Heterobiantes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FD134B5BFFD8FFF7FEF6FA0CFE3BFA17" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[328,495,1482,1509]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" pagination="1 - 242" refId="ref9174" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1912) Die Familien der Assamiiden und Phalangodiden der Opiliones-Laniatores (Assamiden, Dampetriden, Phalangodiden, Epedaniden, Biantiden, Zalmoxiden, Samoiden, Palpipediden anderer Autoren). Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 78 (3), 1 - 242. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1912">Roewer, 1912</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="D1986521FFD8FFF7FF29F9C8FE30F9B5" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="993D36AAFFD8FFF7FF29F9C8FC36F9D4" blockId="2.[151,1436,1551,1637]" box="[151,994,1551,1576]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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<treatmentCitation id="182310BBFFD8FFF7FF29F9C8FE24F9D4" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[151,496,1551,1575]" page="219" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" year="1912">
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<taxonomicName id="5E824D29FFD8FFF7FF29F9C8FE24F9D4" ID-CoL="7PK22" authority="Roewer, 1912: 219" authorityName="Roewer" authorityPageNumber="219" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,496,1551,1575]" class="Arachnida" family="Epedanidae" genus="Heterobiantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="ABF6EAB8FFD8FFF7FF29F9C8FEF2F9D4" box="[151,294,1551,1575]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Heterobiantes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FD134B5BFFD8FFF7FE92F9D7FE24F9D4" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[300,496,1551,1575]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" pagination="1 - 242" refId="ref9174" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1912) Die Familien der Assamiiden und Phalangodiden der Opiliones-Laniatores (Assamiden, Dampetriden, Phalangodiden, Epedaniden, Biantiden, Zalmoxiden, Samoiden, Palpipediden anderer Autoren). Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 78 (3), 1 - 242. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1912">Roewer, 1912: 219</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="182310BBFFD8FFF7FE44F9C8FD41F9D4" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[506,661,1551,1575]" page="191" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" year="1923">
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<bibRefCitation id="FD134B5BFFD8FFF7FE44F9C8FD41F9D4" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[506,661,1551,1575]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" refId="ref9255" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1923) Die Weberknechte der Erde. Systematische Bearbeitung der bisher bekannten Opiliones. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 1116 pp. [in German]" type="book" year="1923">1923: 191–192</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, f. 217; Kury
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<emphasis id="ABF6EAB8FFD8FFF7FC9CF9D7FC9BF9D4" box="[802,847,1551,1575]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">et al</emphasis>
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. 2020: 32–33.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="993D36AAFFD8FFF7FF29F9E9FE30F9B5" blockId="2.[151,1436,1551,1637]" box="[151,484,1582,1606]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B9921184FFD8FFF7FF29F9E9FE30F9B5" box="[151,484,1582,1606]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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<treatmentCitation id="182310BBFFD8FFF7FF29F9E9FE34F9B5" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[151,480,1582,1606]" page="108" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" year="1938">
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<taxonomicName id="5E824D29FFD8FFF7FF29F9E9FE34F9B5" ID-CoL="9WZ6Q" authority="Roewer, 1938: 108" authorityName="Roewer" authorityPageNumber="108" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,480,1582,1606]" class="Arachnida" family="Epedanidae" genus="Epedanestus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="ABF6EAB8FFD8FFF7FF29F9E9FEC3F9B5" box="[151,279,1582,1606]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Epedanestus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FD134B5BFFD8FFF7FEA3F9E9FE34F9B5" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[285,480,1582,1606]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" pagination="81 - 169" refId="ref9336" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1938) Uber Acrobuninae, Epedaninae und Sarasinicinae. Weitere Weberknechte IX. (9. Erganzung der " Weberknechte der Erde " 1923). Veroffentlichungen aus dem Deutschen Kolonial- und Ubersee-Museum in Bremen, 2, 81 - 169. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1938">Roewer, 1938: 108</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D1986521FFD8FFF7FE57F9E9FEFCF996" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="993D36AAFFD8FFF7FE57F9E9FEFCF996" blockId="2.[151,1436,1551,1637]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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<typeStatus id="46398808FFD8FFF7FE57F9E9FDCFF9B5" box="[489,539,1582,1606]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Type</typeStatus>
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species by monotypy:
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<taxonomicName id="5E824D29FFD8FFF7FCBAF9E9FBA2F9B5" authority="Pocock, 1903" authorityName=", (Pocock" authorityYear="1903" box="[772,1142,1582,1606]" class="Arachnida" family="Epedanidae" genus="Epedanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geniculatus">
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<emphasis id="ABF6EAB8FFD8FFF7FCBAF9E9FC37F9B5" box="[772,995,1582,1606]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Epedanus geniculatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FD134B5BFFD8FFF7FC57F9E9FBA2F9B5" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[1001,1142,1582,1606]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" pagination="433 - 450" refId="ref9073" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1903) Fifteen new species and two new genera of tropical southern Opiliones. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 11 (65), 433 - 450. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930308678797" type="journal article" year="1903">Pocock, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Synonymized by Kury
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<emphasis id="ABF6EAB8FFD8FFF7FAD4F9E8FA42F9B5" box="[1386,1430,1582,1606]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">et al</emphasis>
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. 2020: 32.
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D1986521FFD8FFF6FF29F954FD91FE96" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="536" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="993D36AAFFD8FFF7FF29F954FB28F95E" blockId="2.[151,1276,1682,1709]" box="[151,1276,1682,1709]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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<emphasis id="ABF6EAB8FFD8FFF7FF29F954FEEDF95F" bold="true" box="[151,313,1682,1709]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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||
<typeStatus id="46398808FFD8FFF7FF29F954FF06F95E" box="[151,210,1683,1709]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Type</typeStatus>
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Species:
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</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="5E824D29FFD8FFF7FEFEF954FD0DF95E" authority="Pocock, 1903" authorityName=", (Pocock" authorityYear="1903" box="[320,729,1683,1709]" class="Arachnida" family="Epedanidae" genus="Epedanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geniculatus">
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<emphasis id="ABF6EAB8FFD8FFF7FEFEF954FDE3F95E" box="[320,567,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Epedanus geniculatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FD134B5BFFD8FFF7FD80F954FD0DF95E" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[574,729,1683,1709]" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" pagination="433 - 450" refId="ref9073" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1903) Fifteen new species and two new genera of tropical southern Opiliones. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 11 (65), 433 - 450. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930308678797" type="journal article" year="1903">Pocock, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, subsequent designation by Kury
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||
<emphasis id="ABF6EAB8FFD8FFF7FBEDF954FB50F95E" box="[1107,1156,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020: 32.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="993D36AAFFD8FFF6FF29F91CFBE4FEB2" blockId="2.[151,1437,1754,2033]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="536" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">
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||
Diagnosis: Large-sized epedanines (
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||
<quantity id="5E7A9B4FFFD8FFF7FD96F91DFD7DF906" box="[552,681,1754,1781]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.97" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.94" pageId="2" pageNumber="535" unit="mm" value="5.97" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.94">5.94–6 mm</quantity>
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||
) with a long median spine on the ocularium. The body is trapezoidal in shape. Dorsal scutum distinctly segregated into four different areas (areas I–II fused). Two apparent yellow (sometimes pale green) spots are located on the posterior-lateral sides of prosoma. Areas I–II with a row of 8–10 granules, and often but not always with two that are positioned nearing the anterior margins of the area. Area V and all free tergites are lined with hair-tipped tubercles. Proximal segment of chelicerae strong and clavate, distally clustered with granules and hair-tipped tubercles. Pedipalps elongated, trochanter dorsally armed with one tubercle while femurs are slightly arcuate, armed with 3–5 small tubercles dorsally and 8–9 strong tubercles ventrally (
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<figureCitation id="01B92A2FFFD8FFF7FAD4F874FF70F802" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1254,1278]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,187,1224]" captionTargetId="figure-27@6.[158,1430,181,1230]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Heterobiantes geniculatus (Pocock, 1903), male (LINGU-INV06). A Close-up of pedipalpal tibia-tarsus-claw, lateral view; B Right pedipalp, lateral view; C Left pedipalp, lateral view; D Leg I, lateral view; E Leg II, lateral view; F Leg III, lateral view; G Leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10012469" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10012469/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="535">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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B-C). A disto-ental tubercle can also be found on the femur. Tibia and tarsus heavily armed with long spines on both ventral sides, which form a ‘basket claw’ (
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<bibRefCitation id="FD134B5BFFD9FFF6FD0EFF50FCA1FF42" author="Wolff, J. O. & Martens, J. & Wijnhoven, H. & Taylor, C. K. & Gorb, S. N." box="[688,885,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" pagination="558 - 601" refId="ref9829" refString="Wolff, J. O., Sch ˆ nhofer, A. L., Martens, J., Wijnhoven, H., Taylor, C. K. & Gorb, S. N. (2016) The evolution of pedipalps and glandular hairs as predatory devices in harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 177 (3), 558 - 601. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12375" type="journal article" year="2016">
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||
Wolff
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||
<emphasis id="ABF6EAB8FFD9FFF6FD44FF50FCF9FF42" box="[762,813,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01B92A2FFFD9FFF6FC32FF50FBD9FF42" box="[908,1037,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1254,1278]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,187,1224]" captionTargetId="figure-27@6.[158,1430,181,1230]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Heterobiantes geniculatus (Pocock, 1903), male (LINGU-INV06). A Close-up of pedipalpal tibia-tarsus-claw, lateral view; B Right pedipalp, lateral view; C Left pedipalp, lateral view; D Leg I, lateral view; E Leg II, lateral view; F Leg III, lateral view; G Leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10012469" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10012469/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Figs 3A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
). All distitarsi with three segments. Penis elongated and the shaft widens distally, armed with a lower transverse row of 7–10 strong, curved spines. The upper, subdistal section is protected by 10–15 similarly curved spines, along with three more pairs of ventral spines of glans. The positioning of the spines together resembles the shape of a crown, and is of resemblance to other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E824D29FFD9FFF6FF29FEE0FECEFEB2" authorityName="Sorensen" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,282,295,321]" class="Arachnida" family="Epedanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Epedanidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
members (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E824D29FFD9FFF6FE70FEE0FD8BFEB2" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Hirst" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[462,607,295,321]" class="Arachnida" family="Epedanidae" genus="Kilungius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insulanus">K. insulanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Total length of the penis is
|
||
<quantity id="5E7A9B4FFFD9FFF6FC1FFEE0FBFFFEB2" box="[929,1067,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="993D36AAFFD9FFF6FF79FE8CFD91FE96" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,357]" box="[199,581,331,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">
|
||
Distribution:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E195763AFFD9FFF6FEE3FE8CFE74FE96" box="[349,416,331,357]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E195763AFFD9FFF6FE11FE8CFDEDFE96" box="[431,569,331,357]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |