96 lines
13 KiB
XML
96 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="00EB82A9B3C0D646D328A0BDDBB3CA67" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="da733677-6530-4a1b-b657-6c8861e011c4" ModsDocAuthor="Wheeler, W. M." ModsDocID="20597" checkinTime="1243372031551" checkinUser="christiana" docAuthor="Wheeler, W. M." docDate="1922" docId="92BDE9A24A2B3826B5BA361BE89E2582" docLanguage="en" docName="20597_3" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 45" docSource="http://plazi.org:8080/dspace/handle/10199/17097" docTitle="Oecophylla longinoda" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="227" masterDocId="A3DBBB852C51D8D8BF05CD746529E30A" masterDocTitle="The ants collected by the American Museum Congo Expedition." masterLastPageNumber="269" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="226" updateTime="1701311254122" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F867697C754A881AC1DB662C1B5E8743">
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<mods:title id="B2520930A292519FDCB88F88A7002C81">The ants collected by the American Museum Congo Expedition.</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="020DFB987D7B55E3BDACDF6869C41382" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="DE6A73F14F4DF69D136BE5918B6742EC">Wheeler, W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8F9D1D6E1CA6969D619F3BB4BBD5A512">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="484056BA1B9F480EB65B57C4526C0006">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9FDF6D19A3B3D8B529689F28A2E0D0E0">
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<mods:date id="C304E032301C80D7629F00637B0DC190">1922</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="100B825422179AD66B3DF4BA25BCDE94" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="631E5990CBDE723B3F296FA875CB1090">45</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="78A37535E981736465DA0A0A5E4C1B47">39</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="BDEA556BADD3D33CA918083D792C3060">269</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="91D0A426623C30CB530EF7A138B2BDCB">http://plazi.org:8080/dspace/handle/10199/17097</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="E8CAE2D4AA7E8F86CECA51A1ACAC1EAA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="41D60C1CA3BA84FB75ED5D9437478170" type="HNS-Pub">20597</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="92BDE9A24A2B3826B5BA361BE89E2582" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6289133" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100134939" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6289133" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:92BDE9A24A2B3826B5BA361BE89E2582" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/92BDE9A24A2B3826B5BA361BE89E2582" lastPageNumber="227" pageNumber="226">
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<subSubSection id="5A12189EAD8C2366F8C98B635326D53C" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DE0AAD7FBCB9578E3CF7EE0032C2320C" pageNumber="226">
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<taxonomicName id="79A5CF68E64C0AB52F517309BC28B26C" ID-CoL="48V7T" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FD2177C0DB870A906AE6015924DA8310" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D345AD21111180424FE8FB0FFDB8F29E" pageNumber="226">Plate XX, Figures 1 and 2; Text Figures 58 and 59</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="985D83798310389912E837996A90BB96" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C9A9F09C7754CAF2548AA6E57EE3A157" pageNumber="226">Faradje, [[worker]], [[queen]], [[male]]; Malela, [[worker]]; San Antonio, [[worker]] (Lang and Chapin); Katala, [[worker]]; Leopoldville, [[worker]] (J.Bequaert).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5F39BEA3C0B0F0CEECAB2BE3D0C99B96" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D67A5CF837F48984FE7FB06961EE7D83" pageNumber="226">
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The following differences between this species and
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<taxonomicName id="56F3B4AE6519A44A23FBF67F1CB440C4" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33040" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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may be noted. In the worker the polymorphism is greater, for not only do the individuals of the same colony show a greater range in size (from 3 to 9 mm.) but the minimae differ more from the mediae and maximae in the shape of the thorax and petiole. The head of the worker
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<taxonomicName id="C7E930A07266D71CA922BB94CD613FAC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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is distinctly more triangular than that of
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<taxonomicName id="F120C22BA6FE72F7060B208774E973C5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33040" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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, being broader behind, with less convex sides; the eyes are distinctly larger, the mandibles shorter, the clypeus more nearly subcarinate behind, its anterior border sometimes feebly and sinuately emarginate in the middle, the pronotum less convex, the petiole decidedly stouter, more thickened behind, with the stigmata much less prominent when the segment is viewed from above and its ventral surface much more convex anteriorly on the ventral side, when viewed in profile. The sculpture, pilosity, and color are very similar in the two species, but in
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<taxonomicName id="87BA2C66345A6A00282BE6D024F615F5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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the integument is more decidedly opaque, the mandibles are somewhat more coarsely striated, always darker, being concolorous with the posterior portion of the head, at least in the large workers and especially in the dark varieties. The transverse furrow on the second and succeeding gastric segments just behind the anterior border is more pronounced in
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<taxonomicName id="EEA94089AD4940F954432BDCF605B5AC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E95E0CCEC66183CD5B28322C4BBAB396" lastPageNumber="227" pageNumber="226">
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The female of this species measures 12 to 14 mm. (wings 16 mm.) and is, therefore, distinctly smaller than the corresponding sex of
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<taxonomicName id="9F4EEE70571412D9BD21E82FB6AF2767" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33040" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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, which measures 15 to 17 mm. (wings 18 to 19 mm.). The body of the African species is much more opaque throughout, the wing-veins more the typical form of the species. I am unable to say, therefore, whether
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<taxonomicName id="CB014A18D56613ECA60ED3DF29BB8978" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33040" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">Oe. smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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, actually occurs on the African continent.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="33966ABD48AEBDC45EAF1A884BE4FCC3" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="94A6E2EF82273F1DBCC6B8F6AC58E594" pageNumber="227">
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According to Emery,
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<taxonomicName id="6D0F38AB51B0DB1D64765E47FCCCA35B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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is the most primitive of the existing forms of
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<taxonomicName id="69A305BA53F7F608CA475B397FCAB40A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24787" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla Smith" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oecophylla</taxonomicName>
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, because most closely allied to
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<taxonomicName id="480F9FBD04BD059C56D0F90061EEF8B8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33039" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla sicula Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicula">Oe. sicula</taxonomicName>
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, which he described from the Miocene amber of Sicily. In the Baltic amber I have recognized two species of the genus,
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<taxonomicName id="B6979DD32272E44143CB30ED91ED29AB" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33031" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla brischkei Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brischkei">Oe. brischkei Mayr</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4E928587F049AC13EA085A63D3C67908" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:141483" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla brevinodis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevinodis">brevinodis Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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. As the latter name is preoccupied by
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<taxonomicName id="6B1DD11563BEAC7EBE1888A839DC8EA0" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:141483" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla brevinodis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevinodis">brevinodis Andre</taxonomicName>
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, which was based, as I have shown, on the minima worker of
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<taxonomicName id="51064C000291477B10B23583691349CC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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, I suggest that the fossil species be called
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<taxonomicName id="5CDD02FA7636C34EE7C515AE4CD6F661" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33032" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla crassinoda Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassinoda">crassinoda</taxonomicName>
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(new name). In the shape of the petiole both of the Baltic amber forms, being of Lower Oligocene age and therefore older than
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<taxonomicName id="2C4C442819B95DE8853F34282013E1B3" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33039" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla sicula Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicula">sicula</taxonomicName>
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, are also more like
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<taxonomicName id="F7916CB207152ED5708BB147F02F7CB2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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, and especially its smaller workers, than the Oriental
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<taxonomicName id="903C80A768FCA4BE17C0C2B0FEEA7815" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33040" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |