treatments-xml/data/92/75/87/92758787FFC6FF82FF7EFF19FAAA76F5.xml
2024-06-21 12:44:12 +02:00

317 lines
42 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="58A8F11995841065C713A2E9CD7DE139" ID-CLB-Dataset="32200" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4b530f65-124b-4cf8-a190-dd1690f1aab9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="884788" ID-ZooBank="79150C09-8C3D-422F-854A-0938Afc97402" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1504596458643" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hermes, Marcel G." docDate="2017" docId="92758787FFC6FF82FF7EFF19FAAA76F5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4317.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4317 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Alphamenes richardsi Giordani Soika 1978" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="535" masterDocId="6E4CFFFFFFC3FF87FFE9FF8EFFB3707E" masterDocTitle="Contributions to the taxonomy of Minixi Giordani Soika and Alphamenes Van der Vecht (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae), with an identification key to the species of the latter" masterLastPageNumber="540" masterPageNumber="530" pageNumber="535" updateTime="1698467868721" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="E6168793399132C063CF5763292F596E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="75A92DA5ED50721D7403582FE6531C86">
<mods:title id="57F04AC3F2E3D19A098F36564461DDE8">Contributions to the taxonomy of Minixi Giordani Soika and Alphamenes Van der Vecht (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae), with an identification key to the species of the latter</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="BDEDDDD1CE33B6EB1001E1A25BAEEF4D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="450B07C10A9613AD09FF5A85D098242A">
<mods:roleTerm id="71AA24CD8EFDB03E9A6058CA6B3327AF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F26B477FF330257AE42B65056C230E43">Hermes, Marcel G.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="DAB5482756D1A3E8252AF5DE296D50C2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="9F21A281D13120470ECD5DA9387C2CF3" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="82C00A88AF35DE7B4980B7F82CAB9BEC">
<mods:title id="506DF8DA5ACD9D4B3EB59208BBF7AC6C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="AF9A6E20F5C2D67CBE46BC3BEDC5144E">
<mods:date id="2057D45167D4A02653F28E02D1D539AC">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="AE6F33D0DE7CBD652A10E8EB1FC4C94B" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="B7DEE9C082B955B126C572AF09C32D6A">2017-05-05</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B712ABFE77CB9B838951D17B7F68DD18" type="volume">
<mods:number id="DD9BEEA80BBD641FAD4B30C917AF8992">4317</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="704BAE23611A539AC1CEF88DDB9DA469" type="issue">
<mods:number id="41F037F7BF40C97732FC6B843512965C">3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="5E20CC0B25182B713C5BD4E957CB4430" unit="page">
<mods:start id="F1BCD700B035855B9AE208E2948E2BF3">530</mods:start>
<mods:end id="C33015C9E89EB61B9DD23E65290D7A6C">540</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="188D29AD07BB8B2AE597B47148FBF5AF">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BE040361DF393D29F85A27C54F4F7F10" type="CLB-Dataset">32200</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FB5D12DE1AD6B9717409D98940D03BE9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4317.3.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AB715922365B05A40DE6CA880B4629FD" type="GBIF-Dataset">4b530f65-124b-4cf8-a190-dd1690f1aab9</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="54CC5002A752D3B3BFFED9EF36F9015A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="16F11BB768280DDB7D00A9B0125DCB0F" type="Zenodo-Dep">884788</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7BE6A0DD48C8BB83836385FBBA0B8115" type="ZooBank">79150C09-8C3D-422F-854A-0938Afc97402</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="92758787FFC6FF82FF7EFF19FAAA76F5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6050310" ID-GBIF-Taxon="133183487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6050310" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:92758787FFC6FF82FF7EFF19FAAA76F5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/92758787FFC6FF82FF7EFF19FAAA76F5" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<subSubSection id="52C6651AFFC6FF82FF7EFF19FE1270AD" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF7EFF19FD0270CC" blockId="5.[151,689,151,211]" box="[151,689,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<heading id="412B81FDFFC6FF82FF7EFF19FD0270CC" bold="true" box="[151,689,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FF7EFF19FD0270CC" ID-CoL="C639" authority="Giordani Soika, 1978" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,689,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardsi">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FF7EFF19FD0270CC" bold="true" box="[151,689,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FF7EFF19FE1270CF" bold="true" box="[151,417,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Alphamenes richardsi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FE41FF16FD0270CC" author="Giordani" box="[424,689,152,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1978) Revisione degli Eumenidi neotropicali appartenenti ai generi Eumenes Latr., Omicron (Sauss.), Pararhaphidoglossa Schulth. ed affini. Bolletino della Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 29, 1 - 420." type="journal article" year="1978">Giordani Soika, 1978</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF7EFF34FE1270AD" blockId="5.[151,689,151,211]" box="[151,417,186,211]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
(
<figureCitation id="82E72A14FFC6FF82FF76FF34FEAF70AD" box="[159,284,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 17. 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[184,1408,361,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[184,1408,361,1900]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 17. 12. Male, habitus: Alphamenes insignis loquax Giordani Soika (synonymyzed under Alphamenes richardsi). 13 15. Alphamenes richardsi Giordani Soika: 13. Male, habitus; 14. Male, dorsal view; 15. Female, dorsal view of mesossoma. 16 17. Dorsal view of metassoma: 16. Alphamenes convexus (Fox); 17. Alphamenes semiplanus Giordani Soika. Scale bar for Figs. 12 14, 16, 17 = 1 mm, Fig. 15 = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/884796/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Fig. 1215</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="82E72A14FFC6FF82FECEFF35FEC370AD" box="[295,368,187,211]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 23. 18 19" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1837,1860]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,195,1811]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 18 23. 18 19. T 1 in dorsal view, punctation: 18. Alphamenes richardsi Giordani Soika, strongly punctured (arrow points to the punctation of T 1); 19. Alphamenes campanulatus (Fabricius), weakly punctured (arrow points to the punctation of T 1). 20 21. Male S 7: 20. Alphamenes insignis (Fox), without carina; 21. Alphamenes usitatus (Fox), with carina (arrow points to the S 7). 22 23. Mesosoma in posterior view: 22. Alphamenes richardsi, tegulae strongly punctured (white arrow points to the propodeum; red arrow points to the tegula). 23. Alphamenes insignis, tegulae weakly punctured (white arrow points to the propodeum). Scale bar for Figs. 18 19, 21 23 = 0.5 mm, Fig. 20 = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/884798/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">18, 22</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="82E72A14FFC6FF82FE95FF34FE2A70AD" box="[380,409,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 29. 24 25" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1809,1832]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,183,1798]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 24 29. 24 25. Female head in frontal view: 24. Alphamenes usitatus (Fox), clypeus weakly emarginate. 25. Alphamenes richardsi Giordani Soika, clypeus strongly emarginate (arrow points to the clypeus apex). 26 28. Male S 7: 26. Alphamenes incertus (de Saussure), with sinuous transversal carina (arrow points to the S 7). 27. Alphamenes campanulatus (Fabricius), with straight carina (arrow points to the S 7). 28. Alphamenes convexus (Fox), with longitudinal carina and golden pilosity (white arrow points to the S 7; red arrow points to the golden pilosity). 29. Alphamenes semiplanus Giordani Soika, with longitudinal carina and withish pilosity (white arrow points to the S 7; red arrow points to the withish pilosity). Scale bars for Figs. 24 25, 27 28 = 1 mm, 26 = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/884800/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">25</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="52C6651AFFC6FF82FF7EFE8DFD847149" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF7EFE8DFD847149" blockId="5.[151,1436,258,526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3ACC11BFFFC6FF82FF7EFE8DFD847149" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FF7EFE8DFD457166" ID-CoL="C639" authority="Giordani Soika, 1978: 333" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="333" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,758,258,280]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="richardsi">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FF7EFE8DFE627166" box="[151,465,259,280]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Alphamenes insignis richardsi</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="9B7D1080FFC6FF82FE35FE8CFD457166" author="Giordani" box="[476,758,258,280]" page="333" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FE35FE8CFD737166" author="Giordani" box="[476,704,258,280]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1978) Revisione degli Eumenidi neotropicali appartenenti ai generi Eumenes Latr., Omicron (Sauss.), Pararhaphidoglossa Schulth. ed affini. Bolletino della Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 29, 1 - 420." type="journal article" year="1978">Giordani Soika, 1978</bibRefCitation>
: 333
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 357. Carpenter &amp; Van der
<treatmentCitation id="9B7D1080FFC6FF82FBCBFE8CFB657166" author="Vecht" box="[1058,1238,258,280]" page="224" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FBCBFE8CFB117166" author="Vecht" box="[1058,1186,258,280]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; van der Vecht, J. (1991) A study of the Vespidae described by William J. Fox (Insecta: Hymenoptera), with assessment of taxonomic implications. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 60 (3), 211 - 241." type="journal article" year="1991">Vecht, 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 224
</treatmentCitation>
(distinction of the nominotypic subspecies is dubious).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="52C6651AFFC6FF82FF7EFECFFD0D710A" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF7EFECFFDCD7128" blockId="5.[151,1436,258,526]" box="[151,638,320,342]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Type data: female holotype (NHM) (examined).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF7EFED1FD0D710A" blockId="5.[151,1436,258,526]" box="[151,702,350,372]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<materialsCitation id="AAB43CCCFFC6FF82FF7EFED1FD0D710A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1608130925" box="[151,702,350,372]" country="Brazil" latitude="-12.833333" location="Mato Grosso" longLatPrecision="1292" longitude="-51.783333" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mato Grosso" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="C5678833FFC6FF82FF7EFED1FF7A710A" box="[151,201,351,372]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingRegion id="D818F873FFC6FF82FEC0FED1FE1D710A" box="[297,430,350,372]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7FE85056FFC6FF82FE50FED0FDBD710A" box="[441,526,350,372]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" precision="925" value="-12.833333">12°50S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7FE85056FFC6FF82FDF0FED0FDC6710A" box="[537,629,350,372]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" precision="925" value="-51.783333">51°47W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingCountry id="62CB7601FFC6FF82FD69FED0FD0D710A" box="[640,702,350,372]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Brazil</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="52C6651AFFC6FF82FF7EFEF3FA2B71CF" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF7EFEF3FA2B71CF" blockId="5.[151,1436,258,526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3ACC11BFFFC6FF82FF7EFEF3FA2B71CF" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FF7EFEF3FD5471ED" ID-CoL="5FJ96" authority="Giordani Soika, 1978: 333" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="333" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,743,381,403]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="loquax">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FF7EFEF3FE0E71EC" box="[151,445,381,403]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Alphamenes insignis loquax</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="9B7D1080FFC6FF82FE20FEF3FD5471ED" author="Giordani" box="[457,743,381,403]" page="333" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FE20FEF3FD0371ED" author="Giordani" box="[457,688,381,403]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1978) Revisione degli Eumenidi neotropicali appartenenti ai generi Eumenes Latr., Omicron (Sauss.), Pararhaphidoglossa Schulth. ed affini. Bolletino della Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 29, 1 - 420." type="journal article" year="1978">Giordani Soika, 1978</bibRefCitation>
: 333
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 357. Carpenter &amp; Van der
<treatmentCitation id="9B7D1080FFC6FF82FBF2FEF3FB6171ED" author="Vecht" box="[1051,1234,381,403]" page="224" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FBF2FEF3FB2E71ED" author="Vecht" box="[1051,1181,381,403]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; van der Vecht, J. (1991) A study of the Vespidae described by William J. Fox (Insecta: Hymenoptera), with assessment of taxonomic implications. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 60 (3), 211 - 241." type="journal article" year="1991">Vecht, 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 224
</treatmentCitation>
(distinction of the nominotypic subspecies is dubious); Garcete-
<treatmentCitation id="9B7D1080FFC6FF82FD73FE13FCF571CC" author="Barrett" box="[666,838,412,434]" page="38" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FD73FE13FC9071CC" author="Barrett" box="[666,803,412,434]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Garcete-Barrett, B. R. (2001) Notes on Neotropical Eumeninae I (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay, 13, 38 - 40." type="journal article" year="2001">Barrett, 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 38
</treatmentCitation>
(probably male of
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FBE1FE12FB5571CF" ID-CoL="C639" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1978" box="[1032,1254,412,433]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardsi">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FBE1FE12FB5571CF" box="[1032,1254,412,433]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Alphamenes richardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FB15FE12FA2B71CF" bold="true" box="[1276,1432,412,433]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">New synonym.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="52C6651AFFC6FF82FF7EFE35FC0B7270" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF7EFE35FD3B71AE" blockId="5.[151,1436,258,526]" box="[151,648,442,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Type data: male holotype (MSNVE) (examined).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF7EFE54FDBC7191" blockId="5.[151,1436,258,526]" box="[151,527,473,495]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<materialsCitation id="AAB43CCCFFC6FF82FF7EFE54FDBC7191" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1608130924" box="[151,527,473,495]" country="Paraguay" location="San Louis" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="C5678833FFC6FF82FF7EFE54FF7A7191" box="[151,201,474,495]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Type</typeStatus>
locality: “
<location id="1F03604AFFC6FF82FEDAFE57FE2E7191" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:92758787FFC6FF82FF7EFF19FAAA76F5:1F03604AFFC6FF82FEDAFE57FE2E7191" box="[307,413,473,495]" country="Paraguay" name="San Louis" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">San Louis</location>
”,
<collectingCountry id="62CB7601FFC6FF82FE5BFE54FDBC7191" box="[434,527,474,495]" name="Paraguay" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF7EFE76FC0B7270" blockId="5.[151,1436,258,526]" box="[151,952,504,526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3ACC11BFFFC6FF82FF7EFE76FC0B7270" box="[151,952,504,526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FF7EFE76FEC67273" ID-CoL="C639" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,373,504,525]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardsi">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FF7EFE76FEC67273" box="[151,373,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Alphamenes richardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="9B7D1080FFC6FF82FE6BFE76FD367270" author="Garcete-Barrett" box="[386,645,504,526]" page="38" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FE6BFE76FDD17270" author="Garcete-Barrett" box="[386,610,504,526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Garcete-Barrett, B. R. (2001) Notes on Neotropical Eumeninae I (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay, 13, 38 - 40." type="journal article" year="2001">Garcete-Barrett, 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 38
</treatmentCitation>
(change of taxonomic status).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="52C6651AFFC6FF82FF7EFDB4FE2775A9" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF7EFDB4FEA67354" blockId="5.[151,1436,570,1675]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FF7EFDB4FEB8722D" bold="true" box="[151,267,570,595]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FEFCFDB4FDAB722D" box="[277,536,570,595]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1978) Revisione degli Eumenidi neotropicali appartenenti ai generi Eumenes Latr., Omicron (Sauss.), Pararhaphidoglossa Schulth. ed affini. Bolletino della Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 29, 1 - 420." type="journal article">Giordani Soika (1978)</bibRefCitation>
recognized three subspecies for
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FC70FDB5FB37722C" baseAuthorityName="Fox" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[921,1156,571,595]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FC70FDB5FB37722C" box="[921,1156,571,595]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Alphamenes insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FB7FFDB5FAC1722C" authority="insignis" authorityName="insignis (Fox" authorityYear="1899" box="[1174,1394,571,594]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="insignis">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FB7FFDB5FAC1722C" box="[1174,1394,571,594]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A. insignis insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FA6DFDB5FEE87208" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="richardsi">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FA6DFDB5FEE87208" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A. insignis richardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FE78FDD1FDE97208" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1978" box="[401,602,606,630]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="loquax">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FE78FDD1FDE97208" box="[401,602,606,630]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A. insignis loquax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Distinction of these subspecies was based solely on color patterns, which is a recurring practice in the works of Giordani Soika (
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FCC1FD0DFC6C72E5" author="Carpenter" box="[808,991,643,667]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Carpenter, J. M. (1987) A review of the subspecies concept in the Eumenine genus Zeta (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Psyche, 94, 253 - 259. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1987 / 82829" type="journal article" year="1987">Carpenter 1987</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FC06FD0DFAA272E5" author="Hermes" box="[1007,1297,642,667]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Hermes, M. G. &amp; Ferreira, W. D. (2016) On the type series of Stenosigma humerale Giordani Soika with the description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 60 (2), 123 - 127." type="journal article" year="2016">Hermes &amp; Ferreira 2016</bibRefCitation>
) and in the taxonomic tradition of
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FE70FD28FDB272C1" box="[409,513,678,703]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Vespidae</taxonomicName>
, in general. The differences listed by the author refer to the variation of coloration in the mesosoma, which is black and yellow in
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FD46FD45FC36729C" authority="insignis" authorityName="insignis (Fox" authorityYear="1899" box="[687,901,715,738]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="insignis">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FD46FD45FC36729C" box="[687,901,715,738]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A. insignis insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and largely ferruginous in
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FB51FD45FA28729D" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1978" box="[1208,1435,715,739]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="richardsi">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FB51FD45FA28729D" box="[1208,1435,715,739]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A. insignis richardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FF21FD61FE267378" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1978" box="[200,405,750,774]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="loquax">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FF21FD61FE267378" box="[200,405,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A. insignis loquax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The latter two are separated by the presence or absence of numerous yellow spots on the mesosoma.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF2EFCB9FEFB73A1" blockId="5.[151,1436,570,1675]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
It has already been shown for
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FDFFFCB8FDC87331" box="[534,635,822,847]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Vespidae</taxonomicName>
that characters related to the color of the integument are variable due to environmental factors (
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FE4AFCD4FD27730D" author="Maclean" box="[419,660,858,883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="MacLean, B. K., Chandler, L. &amp; Maclean, D. B. (1978) Phenotypic expression in the paper wasp Polistes fuscatus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Great Lakes Entomologist, 11, 105 - 116." type="journal article" year="1978">
Maclean
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FDF9FCD5FDFE730D" box="[528,589,859,883]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">et al.</emphasis>
1978
</bibRefCitation>
). Geographical variation may also play an important role in color patterns (
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FEEBFCF1FE1873E9" author="Bequart" box="[258,427,895,919]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Bequaert, J. (1944) The North American Species of Ancistrocerus, proper (Hymenoptera, Vesipdae). Entomologica Americana, 23 (4), 225 - 286." type="journal article" year="1944">Bequart, 1944</bibRefCitation>
). In addition, characters related to the color of the integument are more variable than structural characters, since the latter are less influenced by environmental factors during the life of the individual (
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FF77FC49FE8F73A1" author="Bequart" box="[158,316,967,991]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Bequaert, J. (1944) The North American Species of Ancistrocerus, proper (Hymenoptera, Vesipdae). Entomologica Americana, 23 (4), 225 - 286." type="journal article" year="1944">Bequart 1944</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF2EFC65FC0A74A5" blockId="5.[151,1436,570,1675]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FF2EFC65FDA7747D" author="Carpenter" box="[199,532,1002,1027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; van der Vecht, J. (1991) A study of the Vespidae described by William J. Fox (Insecta: Hymenoptera), with assessment of taxonomic implications. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 60 (3), 211 - 241." type="journal article" year="1991">Carpenter and Vecht (1991)</bibRefCitation>
have mentioned that
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FCCDFC65FBA6747D" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1978" box="[804,1045,1003,1027]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="richardsi">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FCCDFC65FBA6747D" box="[804,1045,1003,1027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A. insignis richardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FBB2FC65FA87747D" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1978" box="[1115,1332,1003,1027]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="loquax">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FBB2FC65FA87747D" box="[1115,1332,1003,1027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A. insignis loquax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be synonymous with
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FE82FB81FE567458" baseAuthorityName="Fox" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[363,485,1039,1062]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FE82FB81FE567458" box="[363,485,1039,1062]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Garcete-
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FD88FB81FCB57459" author="Barrett" box="[609,774,1039,1063]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Garcete-Barrett, B. R. (2001) Notes on Neotropical Eumeninae I (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay, 13, 38 - 40." type="journal article" year="2001">Barrett (2001)</bibRefCitation>
, however, when examining the
<typeStatus id="C5678833FFC6FF82FB92FB81FB187459" box="[1147,1195,1039,1063]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">type</typeStatus>
series of
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FACBFB81FF4E7435" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="richardsi">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FACBFB81FF4E7435" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A. insignis richardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and comparing it with specimens of
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FD2FFBBDFC147434" authority="insignis" authorityName="insignis (Fox" authorityYear="1899" box="[710,935,1075,1098]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="insignis">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FD2FFBBDFC147434" box="[710,935,1075,1098]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A. insignis insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, recognizes that these subspecies actually corresponded to distinct species. This author proposed a set of morphological characters that support the delimitation of these two species, and the subspecies that until then were recognized by
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FB73FBF4FA2F74ED" box="[1178,1436,1146,1171]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1978) Revisione degli Eumenidi neotropicali appartenenti ai generi Eumenes Latr., Omicron (Sauss.), Pararhaphidoglossa Schulth. ed affini. Bolletino della Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 29, 1 - 420." type="journal article">Giordani Soika (1978)</bibRefCitation>
were raised to species level by
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FE1EFB11FD4974C9" author="Garcete-Barrett" box="[503,762,1183,1207]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Garcete-Barrett, B. R. (2001) Notes on Neotropical Eumeninae I (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay, 13, 38 - 40." type="journal article" year="2001">Garcete-Barrett (2001)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FCECFB11FBB674C9" author="Garcete-Barrett" box="[773,1029,1183,1207]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Garcete-Barrett, B. R. (2001) Notes on Neotropical Eumeninae I (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay, 13, 38 - 40." type="journal article" year="2001">Garcete-Barrett (2001)</bibRefCitation>
also left open the possibility that
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FA6DFB11FEFB74A5" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="loquax">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FA6DFB11FEFB74A5" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A. insignis loquax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be considered a junior synonymy of
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FCC4FB4DFC0A74A5" box="[813,953,1219,1243]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FCC4FB4DFC0674A5" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1978" box="[813,949,1219,1243]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardsi">A. richardsi</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF2EFB69FE2775A9" blockId="5.[151,1436,570,1675]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<bibRef id="C37CA267FFC6FF82FF2EFB69FE2775A9" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" type="journal article">
<author id="C261DE74FFC6FF82FF2EFB69FE997480" box="[199,298,1255,1278]" fns="I" npo="LF" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
Here,
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FEFBFB69FE997480" box="[274,298,1255,1278]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A.</emphasis>
</author>
insignis loquax has its status reevaluated, being considered a junior synonym of
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FAE3FB69FA277480" box="[1290,1428,1254,1278]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">A. richardsi</emphasis>
, corroborating what was suggested by
<bibRefCitation id="7E4D4B60FFC6FF82FDD5FA85FC8C755D" author="Garcete-Barrett" box="[572,831,1291,1315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refString="Garcete-Barrett, B. R. (2001) Notes on Neotropical Eumeninae I (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay, 13, 38 - 40." type="journal article" year="2001">
Garcete-Barrett (
<year id="6E7477C2FFC6FF82FD10FA85FC85755D" box="[761,822,1291,1315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">2001</year>
)
</bibRefCitation>
.
<title id="68D8DDA7FFC6FF82FCA0FA84FAAB7539" jopScore="0.16653363" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" type="_" typeScore="53">
This proposition was based on the examination of the
<typeStatus id="C5678833FFC6FF82FF7EFAA0FEB77539" box="[151,260,1326,1351]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
of
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FED7FAA0FD977538" box="[318,548,1326,1350]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Alphames richardsi</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FD99FAA0FC0C7538" box="[624,959,1326,1350]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Alphamenes insignis loquax</emphasis>
(examined material below)
</title>
.
<journalOrPublisher id="C01D3C5DFFC6FF82FAC4FAA0FD0775F1" jopScore="0.28216526" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" type="_" typeScore="53">
After the comparison between these specimens, the matching of the following set of features was recognized to justify the synonymy: vertex with strong punctation (
<figureCitation id="82E72A14FFC6FF82FD63FAF8FD0775F1" box="[650,692,1398,1423]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 29. 24 25" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1809,1832]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,183,1798]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 24 29. 24 25. Female head in frontal view: 24. Alphamenes usitatus (Fox), clypeus weakly emarginate. 25. Alphamenes richardsi Giordani Soika, clypeus strongly emarginate (arrow points to the clypeus apex). 26 28. Male S 7: 26. Alphamenes incertus (de Saussure), with sinuous transversal carina (arrow points to the S 7). 27. Alphamenes campanulatus (Fabricius), with straight carina (arrow points to the S 7). 28. Alphamenes convexus (Fox), with longitudinal carina and golden pilosity (white arrow points to the S 7; red arrow points to the golden pilosity). 29. Alphamenes semiplanus Giordani Soika, with longitudinal carina and withish pilosity (white arrow points to the S 7; red arrow points to the withish pilosity). Scale bars for Figs. 24 25, 27 28 = 1 mm, 26 = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/884800/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Fig</figureCitation>
</journalOrPublisher>
.
<part id="6E789C0CFFC6FF82FD2DFAF8FD5075F1" box="[708,739,1398,1423]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" type="volume">25</part>
); pronotum ferruginous with deep punctures (
<figureCitation id="82E72A14FFC6FF82FAE8FAF8FA3C75F1" box="[1281,1423,1398,1423]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 17. 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[184,1408,361,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[184,1408,361,1900]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 17. 12. Male, habitus: Alphamenes insignis loquax Giordani Soika (synonymyzed under Alphamenes richardsi). 13 15. Alphamenes richardsi Giordani Soika: 13. Male, habitus; 14. Male, dorsal view; 15. Female, dorsal view of mesossoma. 16 17. Dorsal view of metassoma: 16. Alphamenes convexus (Fox); 17. Alphamenes semiplanus Giordani Soika. Scale bar for Figs. 12 14, 16, 17 = 1 mm, Fig. 15 = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/884796/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
Figs.
<pagination id="2315C865FFC6FF82FAACFAF9FA3C75F1" box="[1349,1423,1399,1423]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" type="pagination">1213</pagination>
</figureCitation>
); sulcus between scutellum and metanotum evident (
<figureCitation id="82E72A14FFC6FF82FD3CFA14FC9A75CD" box="[725,809,1434,1459]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 17. 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[184,1408,361,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[184,1408,361,1900]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 17. 12. Male, habitus: Alphamenes insignis loquax Giordani Soika (synonymyzed under Alphamenes richardsi). 13 15. Alphamenes richardsi Giordani Soika: 13. Male, habitus; 14. Male, dorsal view; 15. Female, dorsal view of mesossoma. 16 17. Dorsal view of metassoma: 16. Alphamenes convexus (Fox); 17. Alphamenes semiplanus Giordani Soika. Scale bar for Figs. 12 14, 16, 17 = 1 mm, Fig. 15 = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/884796/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
); tegulae (
<figureCitation id="82E72A14FFC6FF82FC76FA14FC4375CD" box="[927,1008,1434,1459]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 17. 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[184,1408,361,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[184,1408,361,1900]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 17. 12. Male, habitus: Alphamenes insignis loquax Giordani Soika (synonymyzed under Alphamenes richardsi). 13 15. Alphamenes richardsi Giordani Soika: 13. Male, habitus; 14. Male, dorsal view; 15. Female, dorsal view of mesossoma. 16 17. Dorsal view of metassoma: 16. Alphamenes convexus (Fox); 17. Alphamenes semiplanus Giordani Soika. Scale bar for Figs. 12 14, 16, 17 = 1 mm, Fig. 15 = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/884796/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) and T1 strongly punctured (
<figureCitation id="82E72A14FFC6FF82FAD3FA14FA3D75CD" box="[1338,1422,1434,1459]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 23. 18 19" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1837,1860]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,195,1811]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 18 23. 18 19. T 1 in dorsal view, punctation: 18. Alphamenes richardsi Giordani Soika, strongly punctured (arrow points to the punctation of T 1); 19. Alphamenes campanulatus (Fabricius), weakly punctured (arrow points to the punctation of T 1). 20 21. Male S 7: 20. Alphamenes insignis (Fox), without carina; 21. Alphamenes usitatus (Fox), with carina (arrow points to the S 7). 22 23. Mesosoma in posterior view: 22. Alphamenes richardsi, tegulae strongly punctured (white arrow points to the propodeum; red arrow points to the tegula). 23. Alphamenes insignis, tegulae weakly punctured (white arrow points to the propodeum). Scale bar for Figs. 18 19, 21 23 = 0.5 mm, Fig. 20 = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/884798/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
); and S7 without carina.
</bibRef>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="52C6651AFFC6FF82FF2EFA6CFAAA76F5" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1A633691FFC6FF82FF2EFA6CFAAA76F5" blockId="5.[151,1436,570,1675]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FF2EFA6CFAB57585" bold="true" box="[199,1286,1506,1531]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Examined material. Paraguay, St. Louis (probably San Luis in Concepción Department):</emphasis>
♂ (CMNH), Paraguay\ ST- Louis 84\(yellow label) HOLOTYPUS\
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FC98F988FC747661" baseAuthorityName="Fox" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[881,967,1542,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">insignis</taxonomicName>
\
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FC0AF988FB9C7661" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1978" box="[995,1071,1542,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="insignis" subSpecies="loquax">loquax</taxonomicName>
\ A. Giordani Soika(partially handwriten orange label) COLL. AGS(yellow label).
<emphasis id="28A8EA83FFC6FF82FCE8F9A4FC48763D" bold="true" box="[769,1019,1578,1603]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Brazil, Mato Grosso:</emphasis>
♀ (NHM)`Campo``BRAZIL: Mato Grosso \ 12°50S., 51°47W. \
<date id="6E621051FFC6FF82FDE6F9C0FD3D7619" box="[527,654,1614,1639]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" value="1968-09-30">30.IX.1968</date>
\ O.W.Richards.``R.S. &amp; R.G.S. \ Expedition \ B.M. 1968-260``HOLOTYPUS \
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FEB5F9FCFE5B76F5" box="[348,488,1650,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alphamenes</taxonomicName>
\
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FE17F9FCFDE676F5" baseAuthorityName="Fox" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[510,597,1650,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Alphamenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">insignis</taxonomicName>
\
<taxonomicName id="DDDC4D12FFC6FF82FD82F9FCFD7E76F5" box="[619,717,1650,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Alphames" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardsi">richardsi</taxonomicName>
\ A. Giordani Soika``B.M. Type \ HYM \ 18.1138`.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>