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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.189.49367" ID-GBIF-Dataset="49134428-816c-44b0-b17f-0e0711a9a714" ID-PMC="PMC8837500" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-189-99" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9A120E648CC656AFAC749BE0FB1ABB37" ID-PubMed="35169386" ModsDocID="1314-2003-189-99" checkinTime="1644016132331" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Julius, Avelinah" docDate="2022" docId="3C109AC557765752B847663FF9039F68" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 189: 99-127" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 189" docPubDate="2022-02-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.189.49367" docTitle="Capparis trinervia subsp. var. var. chungiana Julius 2022, var. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="9A120E648CC656AFAC749BE0FB1ABB37" lastPageNumber="99" masterDocId="9A120E648CC656AFAC749BE0FB1ABB37" masterDocTitle="Capparis (Capparaceae) in Peninsular Malaysia, including a new species and two new varieties" masterLastPageNumber="127" masterPageNumber="99" pageNumber="99" updateTime="1668140625559" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Capparis (Capparaceae) in Peninsular Malaysia, including a new species and two new varieties</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Julius, Avelinah</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1991-1915</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Selangor, 52109, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">plagiovel80@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-02-04</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>189</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>99</mods:start>
<mods:end>127</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.189.49367</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.189.49367</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-189-99</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">9A120E648CC656AFAC749BE0FB1ABB37</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="193278626" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C109AC557765752B847663FF9039F68" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C109AC557765752B847663FF9039F68" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<taxonomicName LSID="3C109AC5-5776-5752-B847-663FF9039F68" authority="Julius" authorityName="Julius" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trinervia subsp. var. var. chungiana" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trinervia" status="var. nov." subSpecies="var." variety="chungiana">Capparis trinervia var. chungiana Julius</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="99">var. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Distribution of Capparis trinervia var. chungiana." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.49367.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/642013" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Figures 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Capparis trinervia var. chungiana Julius, var. nov. A the leafy branch B the flowering (bud) leafy twig C flower with sepals and petals removed exhibiting the filaments and ovary on gynophore D upper pedicel and base of calyx E the fruit in cross section F stipules close-up. (Drawn by Mohamad Aidil Noordin from FRI 64006 [A, E, F] and Mahmud Sidek s. n. [B-D])." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.49367.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/642014" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">, 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Capparis trinervia var. chungiana Julius, var. nov. A fruiting twig B stipular thorns C young fruit on stout gynophore D leaf E young fruit, cross section. (Photographs by K. Imin)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.49367.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/642015" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">, 8</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
Recognised in the genus
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Capparis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the combination of the following characters: the leaves broadly ovate-elliptic, relatively large (13-16
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5.5-8.5 cm) and leaves drying reddish-brown, rarely pale green with pale yellow and rarely dark red venation, the tertiary venation obscure, the inflorescence strictly terminal with flowers arranged racemosely and becoming crowded at the distal part of the inflorescence, the stamens 30-40 and the fruit globose with ca. 11 cm in diameter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1971-04-17" country="Malaysia" county="Peninsular" location="Fraser's Hill Road" municipality="Kuala Kubu Bharu" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Selangor" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCounty>Peninsular</collectingCounty>
<collectingCountry name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion country="Malaysia" name="Selangor">Selangor</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality>Kuala Kubu Bharu</collectingMunicipality>
to
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C109AC557765752B847663FF9039F68:B6C3041DF497CA64E0A97F0077DD57F6" country="Malaysia" county="Peninsular" municipality="Kuala Kubu Bharu" name="Fraser's Hill Road" stateProvince="Selangor">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Frasers">Fraser's</normalizedToken>
Hill Road
</location>
, along the road side,
<collectingDate value="1971-04-17">17 Apr 1971</collectingDate>
(fl.),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Mahmud Sidek s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
KLU!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
Woody climber 9-12 m long.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Twigs</emphasis>
straight, covered with velvety, ferruginous hairs and glabrescent with age.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Stipular thorns</emphasis>
recurved downwards, tips 1.5-3 mm long.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leaves</emphasis>
spirally arranged; petioles 15-20
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3 mm, stout, incrassate or thickened, velvety hairy becoming glabrous; lamina broadly ovate sometimes ovate-elliptic, 13-16
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5.5-8.5 cm, coriaceous to subcoriaceous, surface rugose and usually reddish-brown when dry, rarely pale green, base cuneate or occasionally rounded, margin flat and entire, apex acute or shortly cuspidate, with acumen ca. 4 mm long, glabrous on both surfaces; mid-rib flat above, raised beneath; lateral veins 5-7(-8) pairs, flat above, distinct beneath, pale yellow when dry, looping towards the margin; intercostal veins obscure.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Inflorescences</emphasis>
terminal, flowers arranged racemosely and becoming crowded at the distal part of the inflorescence rachis slender and straight; bracts caducous.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Flowers</emphasis>
[in bud] 4-7, buds globose, 1-1.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.3-1.8 cm; pedicels 3-3.5 cm long, swollen towards apex, velvety with ferruginous hairs; sepals 4, thick, whitish-green, orbicular, 1.2-1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.2 cm, outer pair of sepals imbricate, covered with dense, velvety ferruginous hairs outside, glabrous inside, inner pair of sepals glabrous on both surfaces, except silky hairs at base outside; petals 4, cream or white with pink- or dark purple at base; stamens 30-40, unequal in length, anthers yellow; ovary green.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Fruits</emphasis>
young shiny and green, mature fruit n.v., globose to sub-globose on a stout gynophore, sometimes beaked when young, ca. 9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
11 cm.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Seeds</emphasis>
(3-)12-15, sarcotesta whitish, testa thin and whitish-cream.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="vernacular names">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Vernacular names.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Kuku lang</emphasis>
(Malay),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">mentimun</emphasis>
(Temuan).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
Endemic in Peninsular Malaysia, Negeri Sembilan, Selangor and Pahang (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Distribution of Capparis trinervia var. chungiana." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.49367.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/642013" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.49367.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/642013" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Julius" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trinervia subsp. var. var. chungiana" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trinervia" subSpecies="var." variety="chungiana">Capparis trinervia var. chungiana</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Lowland to lower montane forest, on forest edge or roadsides; 427-1067 m altitude.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">The new variety is named after Dr Richard Chung Cheng Kong, Curator of the Kepong Herbarium (KEP) and Project Leader of Flora of Malaysia under 10thand 11th Malaysian Plans.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Julius" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trinervia subsp. var. var. chungiana" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trinervia" subSpecies="var." variety="chungiana">Capparis trinervia var. chungiana</taxonomicName>
inhabits forest margins, gaps or pathways near to roadsides, but is not a common species. This species has not been relocated in Selangor and Pahang even though the localities and adjacent areas have been revisited. This species, however, has been found and recorded from a new locality in Negeri Sembilan during a botanical survey in 2010, but it could not be relocated from two recent visits in 2014 and 2019. Recent field observations to Negeri Sembilan also show forest clearing pathways near the species habitat. Therefore, this species is assessed as Near Threatened following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" refId="B18" refString="IUCN, 2001. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.Version 3.1. 1st edn. IUCN Species Survival Commission, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK." title="IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3.1. 1 st edn. IUCN Species Survival Commission, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK." year="2001">IUCN 2001</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" refId="B19" refString="IUCN, 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3.1. 2nd edn. IUCN Species Survival Commission, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK." title="IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3.1. 2 nd edn. IUCN Species Survival Commission, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK." year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
Peninsular
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="FRI16263" collectingDate="1934-01-10" collectingDateMax="1970-12-11" collectingDateMin="1934-01-10" collectorName="Ulu Gombak FR, Mohd. Kasim, Mahmud Sidek, M. E. D. Poore, Kepong Plantation Field, Abdul Hamid, Ulu Langat, Gadoh KL, Genting Sempah, Kochummen" country="Malaysia" elevation="259" location="Gombak Forest" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Selangor">
<collectingCountry name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion country="Malaysia" name="Selangor">Selangor</collectingRegion>
:
<collectorName>Ulu Gombak FR</collectorName>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.59" unit="m" value="259.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.59" unit="m" value="259.0">259 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5908" unit="ft" value="850.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5908" unit="ft" value="850.0">850 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
) alt.,
<collectingDate value="1964-08-19">19 Aug 1964</collectingDate>
(fr.),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<collectorName>Mohd. Kasim</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>Mahmud Sidek</collectorName>
624
</emphasis>
(KLU!);
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C109AC557765752B847663FF9039F68:F798E25818E4AF5178EA0BD57949C384" country="Malaysia" name="Gombak Forest" stateProvince="Selangor">Gombak Forest</location>
, 16th mile, followed path to stream and beyond,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.27" unit="m" value="427.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.27" unit="m" value="427.0">427 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2672" unit="ft" value="1400.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2672" unit="ft" value="1400.0">1400 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
) alt.,
<collectingDate value="1963-06-12">12 Jun 1963</collectingDate>
(fl.),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<collectorName>M.E.D. Poore</collectorName>
1189
</emphasis>
(KLU!);
<collectorName>Kepong Plantation Field</collectorName>
9J, hillslope,
<collectingDate value="1934-01-10">10 Jan 1934</collectingDate>
(fl.),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<collectorName>Abdul Hamid</collectorName>
33570
</emphasis>
(KEP!);
<collectorName>Ulu Langat</collectorName>
,
<collectingDate value="1960-03-30">30 Mar 1960</collectingDate>
(fl., fr.),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<collectorName>Gadoh KL</collectorName>
2072
</emphasis>
(KEP! 2 sheets);
<collectorName>Genting Sempah</collectorName>
,
<collectingDate value="1970-12-11">11 Dec 1970</collectingDate>
(fl., fr.),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<collectorName>Kochummen</collectorName>
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FRI16263">FRI16263</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(KEP!)
</materialsCitation>
</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="FRI18471, FRI32242" collectingDate="1979-02-28" collectingDateMax="1981-08-26" collectingDateMin="1979-02-28" collectorName="K. M. Wong" country="Malaysia" elevation="1067" location="Kochummen" municipality="Fraser's Hill" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pahang">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<collectingRegion country="Malaysia" name="Pahang">Pahang</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingMunicipality>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Frasers">Fraser's</normalizedToken>
Hill
</collectingMunicipality>
, near gate at gap, roadside,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.067" unit="m" value="1067.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.067" unit="m" value="1067.0">1067 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" unit="ft" value="3500.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" unit="ft" value="3500.0">3500 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
) alt.,
<collectingDate value="1979-02-28">28 Feb 1979</collectingDate>
(fl., fr.),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C109AC557765752B847663FF9039F68:A41A1014CF3EB04C16FF00F28CD0C24F" country="Malaysia" municipality="Fraser's Hill" name="Kochummen" stateProvince="Pahang">Kochummen</location>
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FRI18471">FRI18471</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(KEP!); road to
<normalizedToken originalValue="Frasers">Fraser's</normalizedToken>
Hill, climber on Mahang tree beside the road,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.14" unit="m" value="914.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.14" unit="m" value="914.0">914 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" unit="ft" value="3000.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" unit="ft" value="3000.0">3000 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
) alt.,
<collectingDate value="1981-08-26">26 Aug 1981</collectingDate>
(fr.),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<collectorName>K.M. Wong</collectorName>
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FRI32242">FRI32242</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(KEP!)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="FRI64006" collectingDate="2010-05-06" collectorName="Kenaboi FR, G. Besar Hantu, Julius" country="Malaysia" elevation="500" latitude="3.1833334" location="Kg. London area" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="102.012665" municipality="Jelebu" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Negeri Sembilan">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<collectingRegion country="Malaysia" name="Negeri Sembilan">Negeri Sembilan</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingMunicipality>Jelebu</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName>Kenaboi FR</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>G. Besar Hantu</collectorName>
, near
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C109AC557765752B847663FF9039F68:0E56BA4A22A6B16CFC32BC558471C185" country="Malaysia" latitude="3.1833334" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="102.012665" municipality="Jelebu" name="Kg. London area" stateProvince="Negeri Sembilan">Kg. London area</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="11.00" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="3.1833334">3°11.00'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="00.76" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="102.012665">102°00.76'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="500.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.,
<collectingDate value="2010-05-06">6 May 2010</collectingDate>
(fr.),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<collectorName>Julius</collectorName>
et al.
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FRI64006">FRI64006</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(KEP!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
The comparatively large flowers, with sepals up to 1.5 cm long, place
<taxonomicName authorityName="Julius" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trinervia subsp. var. var. chungiana" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trinervia" subSpecies="var." variety="chungiana">Capparis trinervia var. chungiana</taxonomicName>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Capparis trinervia var. chungiana Julius, var. nov. A the leafy branch B the flowering (bud) leafy twig C flower with sepals and petals removed exhibiting the filaments and ovary on gynophore D upper pedicel and base of calyx E the fruit in cross section F stipules close-up. (Drawn by Mohamad Aidil Noordin from FRI 64006 [A, E, F] and Mahmud Sidek s. n. [B-D])." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.49367.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/642014" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Capparis trinervia var. chungiana Julius, var. nov. A fruiting twig B stipular thorns C young fruit on stout gynophore D leaf E young fruit, cross section. (Photographs by K. Imin)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.49367.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/642015" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">8</figureCitation>
) in the Trinervia-Group (
<bibRefCitation author="Jacobs, M" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="385 - 541" refId="B21" refString="Jacobs, M, 1965. The genus Capparis (Capparaceae) from the Indus to the Pacific. Blumea 12 (3): 385 - 541" title="The genus Capparis (Capparaceae) from the Indus to the Pacific." volume="12" year="1965">Jacobs 1965</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Srisanga, P" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" refId="B28" refString="Srisanga, P, Chayamarit, K, 2004. Capparis trisonthiae (Capparaceae), a new species from Thailand. Adansonia Series 3 26(1): 63-66." title="Capparis trisonthiae (Capparaceae), a new species from Thailand. Adansonia Series 3 26 (1): 63 - 66." year="2004">Srisanga and Chayamarit 2004</bibRefCitation>
). Specimens of this new species were determined as
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. erycibe" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erycibe">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C. erycibe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, no doubt due to the comparatively large leaves, but it differs in having the flowers arranged racemosely and becoming crowded at the distal part of the inflorescence rather than the paniculate arrangement in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. erycibe" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erycibe">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C. erycibe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In addition,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. erycibe" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erycibe">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C. erycibe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has smaller flowers with sepals only 4-6 mm long and was placed within the Subumbellates-group (
<bibRefCitation author="Jacobs, M" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="385 - 541" refId="B21" refString="Jacobs, M, 1965. The genus Capparis (Capparaceae) from the Indus to the Pacific. Blumea 12 (3): 385 - 541" title="The genus Capparis (Capparaceae) from the Indus to the Pacific." volume="12" year="1965">Jacobs 1965</bibRefCitation>
: 411).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.49367.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/642014" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Julius" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trinervia subsp. var. var. chungiana" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trinervia" subSpecies="var." variety="chungiana">Capparis trinervia var. chungiana</taxonomicName>
Julius, var. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A</emphasis>
the leafy branch
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">B</emphasis>
the flowering (bud) leafy twig
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C</emphasis>
flower with sepals and petals removed exhibiting the filaments and ovary on gynophore
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">D</emphasis>
upper pedicel and base of calyx
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">E</emphasis>
the fruit in cross section
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">F</emphasis>
stipules close-up. (Drawn by Mohamad Aidil Noordin from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">FRI64006</emphasis>
[
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A, E, F</emphasis>
] and Mahmud Sidek s.n. [
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">B-D</emphasis>
]).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.49367.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/642015" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Figure 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Julius" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trinervia subsp. var. var. chungiana" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trinervia" subSpecies="var." variety="chungiana">Capparis trinervia var. chungiana</taxonomicName>
Julius, var. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A</emphasis>
fruiting twig
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">B</emphasis>
stipular thorns
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C</emphasis>
young fruit on stout gynophore
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">D</emphasis>
leaf
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">E</emphasis>
young fruit, cross section. (Photographs by K. Imin).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
The flower colour of this species has been described as
<normalizedToken originalValue="white">'white'</normalizedToken>
or
<normalizedToken originalValue="cream">'cream'</normalizedToken>
with pink or dark purple at base in the label notes. Unfortunately, the open flowers are missing from the specimen sheets. Additionally, there are no new flowering specimens from the recent collections and full details of the flowers, such as measurement of the mature flowers and bracts, remain incomplete. Moreover, the dissected parts of the rehydrated flower buds are in poor condition and mostly do not contain either androecium or gynoecium, the cause of which is unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
However, this new variety still can be distinguished from other closely related members of the Trinervia-Group (see Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Morphological comparison of Capparis trinervia var. chungiana, C. trinervia var. trinervia and C. trisonthiae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2C04E2908BF7FAAF9A0C623711577D4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" tableUuid="2C04E2908BF7FAAF9A0C623711577D4D">2</tableCitation>
for the comparison details) or species known from Peninsular Malaysia vegetatively. For example, the relatively large fruit (ca. 11 cm in diam.) of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Julius" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trinervia subsp. var. var. chungiana" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trinervia" subSpecies="var." variety="chungiana">Capparis trinervia var. chungiana</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. scortechinii" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scortechinii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C. scortechinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ca. 11 cm in diam.) and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. trisonthiae" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trisonthiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C. trisonthiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Thailand (6-8 cm in diam.), but the latter two differ in their densely racemose and paniculate inflorescences, respectively; and the flowers arranged racemosely and becoming crowded at the distal part of the inflorescence, though has similarity to typical var.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trisonthiae var. trinervia" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trisonthiae" variety="trinervia">Capparis trisonthiae trinervia</taxonomicName>
, but var.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trisonthiae var. chungiana" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trisonthiae" variety="chungiana">Capparis trisonthiae chungiana</taxonomicName>
differs by its subcoriaceous to coriaceous leaves with broadly ovate to ovate-elliptic lamina (compared to chartaceous with oblong-elliptic or broadly lanceolate lamina in var.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trisonthiae var. trinervia" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trisonthiae" variety="trinervia">Capparis trisonthiae trinervia</taxonomicName>
), the drying leaves are reddish-brown, rarely pale green with venation pale yellow, rarely dark red on both surfaces (compared to dull green with brownish main nerves on both surfaces in var.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trisonthiae var. trinervia" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trisonthiae" variety="trinervia">Capparis trisonthiae trinervia</taxonomicName>
), the intercostal veins are obscure (compared to irregular reticulate and distinct in var.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trisonthiae var. trinervia" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trisonthiae" variety="trinervia">Capparis trisonthiae trinervia</taxonomicName>
) and the stamens are 30-40 (whereas in var.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trisonthiae var. trinervia" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trisonthiae" variety="trinervia">Capparis trisonthiae trinervia</taxonomicName>
, (30-)60-70).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="2C04E2908BF7FAAF9A0C623711577D4D" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2C04E2908BF7FAAF9A0C623711577D4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" start="Table 2" startId="T2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Table 2.</emphasis>
Morphological comparison of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Julius" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capparis trinervia subsp. var. var. chungiana" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trinervia" subSpecies="var." variety="chungiana">Capparis trinervia var. chungiana</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="var. trinervia" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. trinervia subsp. var. var. trinervia" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trinervia" subSpecies="var." variety="trinervia">C. trinervia var. trinervia</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. trisonthiae" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trisonthiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C. trisonthiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="2">Characters</th>
<th colspan="3" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Species</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. trinervia subsp. var. var. chungiana" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trinervia" subSpecies="var." variety="chungiana">C. trinervia var. chungiana</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authority="var. trinervia" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. trinervia subsp. var. var. trinervia" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="trinervia" subSpecies="var." variety="trinervia">C. trinervia var. trinervia</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. trisonthiae" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trisonthiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C. trisonthiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Stipular thorns</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">1.5-3 mm long, recurved downwards</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">1-3(-6) mm long, patent or recurved, mostly downwards, rarely upwards</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">2-4 mm long, recurved downwards</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Petiole</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">1.5-2 cm long, 2-3 mm in diam., stout</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">0.7-1.8 cm long, ca. 1.5 mm in diam., slender</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">ca. 2 cm long, ca. 4 mm in diam., stout</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Leaf shape</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Broadly ovate to ovate-elliptic</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Oblong-elliptic or broadly lanceolate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Broadly ovate</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Leaf size</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">
13-16
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5.5-8.5 cm
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">
(5-)10-14(-19)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(2-)3.5-8.5 cm
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">
(10-)12-18
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(6.5-)8-11 cm
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Leaf apex</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Acute or shortly cuspidate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Obtuse to shortly acuminate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Retuse to emarginate</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Leaf hairs</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Glabrous on both surfaces</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Glabrescent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Glabrous on both surfaces</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Leaf colour when dried</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Reddish-brown, rarely pale green with pale rarely dark red venation on both surfaces</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Dull green with brownish venation on both surfaces</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Dull green above, brown beneath</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Intercostal veins</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Obscure on both surfaces</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Irregular reticulate, distinct on both surfaces</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Irregular reticulate, prominent on both surfaces</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Inflorescences</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Racemes with flowers becoming crowded at the distal part of the inflorescence</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Racemes with flowers becoming crowded at the distal part of the inflorescence or subumbels</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">A leafy paniculate</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Sepals shape</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Orbicular</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Orbicular</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Lanceolate</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Sepals size</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">1.2-1.5 cm long</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">0.9-1.5 cm long</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">1.8-2.5 cm long</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Sepals hairs</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Densely velvety ferruginous hairs abaxially, glabrous adaxially</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Densely orange-yellow puberulous abaxially, glabrous adaxially</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Ferruginous puberulous abaxially, puberulous adaxially in the marginal parts</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Stamens</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">30-40</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">(30-)60-70</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">140-170</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Fruit</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Globose, ca. 11 cm in diam.</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Globose, 3.5-5 cm in diam.</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rowspan="1">Ellipsoid, 6-8 cm in diam.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>