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<document id="DC5DFF3E272F9F9A070318437B93F39E" ID-CLB-Dataset="21078" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2015.1021877" ID-GBIF-Dataset="403f9f4e-4605-43f6-9674-4071ce52f46f" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4000965" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1598383543049" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Goldberg, Stephen R., Bursey, Charles R. &amp; Grismer, L. Lee" docDate="2015" docId="3C004701FFB3355CFF46F9A89DF5FA16" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.49.43-44.2683-2691.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 49 (43)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:210803DF447D5DCB84349979EDD3507F.6:JNatHist.2013-2015.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="210803DF447D5DCB84349979EDD3507F" docStyleName="JNatHist.2013-2015.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Maxvachonia Chabaud &amp; Brygoo 1961" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="2686" masterDocId="C0393F79FFB1355FFFB8FF9D9B4FFF8D" masterDocTitle="Gastrointestinal helminths of nine species of Cnemaspis (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Peninsular Malaysia, one species from Cambodia and Thailand and two species from Vietnam" masterLastPageNumber="2691" masterPageNumber="2683" pageNumber="2685" updateTime="1698845475535" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="909804CD47DB0AF03326131E396BFBEE">Gastrointestinal helminths of nine species of Cnemaspis (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Peninsular Malaysia, one species from Cambodia and Thailand and two species from Vietnam</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8E0277E5AFB429B3E2A8FCDA89066A4F">Goldberg, Stephen R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6530BAE78A8A62B882B3B9EBA4C345AE">Department of Biology, Whittier College, Whittier, CA, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E1EEDAF9A339415708839E7F4381A36D">Bursey, Charles R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="766BC26A18BD7C680658A929D299594E">Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, Shenango Campus, Sharon, PA, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="93B47775E668B03FAF5368164D589BC3">Grismer, L. Lee</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AF1E84A5CD1F189E19602CC72F23214E">Department of Biology, LaSierra University, Riverside, CA, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="3C004701FFB3355CFF46F9A89DF5FA16" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4329930" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167371220" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4329930" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C004701FFB3355CFF46F9A89DF5FA16" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C004701FFB3355CFF46F9A89DF5FA16" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="2686" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">
<subSubSection id="FCB3A59CFFB3355DFF46F9A89942F9C0" box="[254,525,1589,1613]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B416F617FFB3355DFF46F9A89942F9C0" blockId="2.[212,1172,465,1676]" box="[254,525,1589,1613]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">
<heading id="EF5E417BFFB3355DFF46F9A89942F9C0" box="[254,525,1589,1613]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">
Species of
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFECEF9A89942F9C0" authorityName="Chabaud &amp; Brygoo" authorityYear="1961" box="[374,525,1589,1613]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cosmocercidae" genus="Maxvachonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFECEF9A89942F9C0" box="[374,525,1589,1613]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Maxvachonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB3A59CFFB3355DFDADF9A898C4F901" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B416F617FFB3355DFDADF9A898C4F901" blockId="2.[212,1172,465,1676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">
are known to occur in the digestive tracts of amphibians and reptiles from
<collectingCountry id="CCBEB687FFB3355DFE73F9C99979F9E1" box="[459,566,1620,1644]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CCBEB687FFB3355DFDEAF9C99992F9E1" box="[594,733,1620,1644]" name="Madagascar" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and New
<collectingCountry id="CCBEB687FFB3355DFC39F9C9989BF9E1" box="[897,980,1620,1644]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Guinea</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D0388BE6FFB3355DFC4BF9C99FCCF9E1" author="Baker MR" box="[1011,1155,1620,1644]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" pagination="1 - 325" refId="ref3250" refString="Baker MR. 1987. Synopsis of the Nematoda parasitic in amphibians and reptiles. Mem Univ Newfoundland Occas Pap Biol. 11: 1 - 325." type="journal article" year="1987">Baker 1987</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFF6CF9E99A24F901" authorityName="Chabaud &amp; Brygoo" authorityYear="1961" box="[212,363,1652,1676]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cosmocercidae" genus="Maxvachonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFF6CF9E99A24F901" box="[212,363,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Maxvachonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. in
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFE02F9E899DBF901" authorityName="Bauer and Das" authorityYear="1988" box="[442,660,1652,1676]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chanthaburiensis">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFE02F9E899DBF901" box="[442,660,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. chanthaburiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a new host record.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E0D6A69FFFB2355CFF37FE429944FD9F" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<paragraph id="B416F617FFB2355CFF37FE429944FD9F" blockId="3.[143,1721,479,530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
Table 1. Number of helminths (N), prevalence (P, as percentage) mean intensity (MI) ± 1 standard deviation (SD) and range (R) for 12 species of
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FE619BB6FD9F" authorityName="Strauch" authorityYear="1887" box="[143,249,508,530]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FE619BB6FD9F" box="[143,249,508,530]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Cnemaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. All are new host records.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B416F617FFB2355CFDC9FDB09D1BFAE4" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<table id="C6A904B7FFB2CAA0FF37FDB09DF6FAE4" box="[143,1721,557,1385]" gridcols="5" gridrows="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FDB09DF6FDCE" box="[143,1721,557,579]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFDB09805FDCE" box="[567,842,557,579]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFDC9FDB09982FDCE" baseAuthorityName="Stoliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[625,717,557,579]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFDC9FDB09982FDCE" box="[625,717,557,579]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">C. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFDB09F39FDCE" box="[867,1142,557,579]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFC06FDB09F54FDCE" authorityName="Das and Grismer" authorityYear="2003" box="[958,1051,557,579]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baueri">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFC06FDB09F54FDCE" box="[958,1051,557,579]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">C. baueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FDB09EC0FDCE" box="[1212,1423,557,579]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFB4AFDB09E3DFDCE" box="[1266,1394,557,579]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="biocellata">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFB4AFDB09E3DFDCE" box="[1266,1394,557,579]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">C. biocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFDB09DF6FDCE" box="[1506,1721,557,579]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFA4AFDB09DFAFDCE" authorityName="Bauer and Das" authorityYear="1988" box="[1522,1717,557,579]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chanthaburiensis">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFA4AFDB09DFAFDCE" box="[1522,1717,557,579]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">C. chanthaburiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FDD69DF6FDEC" box="[143,1721,587,609]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFDD69805FDEC" box="[567,842,587,609]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">(N = 4)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFDD69F39FDEC" box="[867,1142,587,609]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">(N = 17)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FDD69EC0FDEC" box="[1212,1423,587,609]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">(N = 12)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFDD69DF6FDEC" box="[1506,1721,587,609]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">(N = 5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FDF59DF6FDF2" box="[143,1721,616,639]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FDF59A93FDF2" box="[143,476,616,639]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FDF59BB6FDF3" authorityName="Strauch" authorityYear="1887" box="[143,249,616,638]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FDF59BB6FDF3" box="[143,249,616,638]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Cnemaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFDF59805FDF2" box="[567,842,616,639]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">N P MI ± SD (R)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFDF59F39FDF2" box="[867,1142,616,639]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">N P MI ± SD (R)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FDF59EC0FDF2" box="[1212,1423,616,639]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">N P MI ± SD (R)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFDF59DF6FDF2" box="[1506,1721,616,639]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">N P MI ± SD (R)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FD019DF6FD3F" box="[143,1721,668,690]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FD019A93FD3F" box="[143,476,668,690]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FD019BAEFD3F" box="[143,225,668,690]" class="Cestoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="class">Cestoda</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FD259DF6FD42" box="[143,1721,696,719]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FD259A93FD42" box="[143,476,696,719]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FD259A21FD43" box="[143,366,696,718]" class="Cestoda" family="Nematotaeniidae" genus="Cylindrotaenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="malayi">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FD259A21FD43" box="[143,366,696,718]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Cylindrotaenia malayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFD259805FD42" box="[567,842,696,719]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFD259F39FD42" box="[867,1142,696,719]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FD259EC0FD42" box="[1212,1423,696,719]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFD259DF6FD42" box="[1506,1721,696,719]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FD4B9DF6FD61" box="[143,1721,726,748]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FD4B9DF6FD61" box="[143,1721,726,748]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FD4B9BB5FD61" box="[143,250,726,748]" class="Secernentea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nematoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Nematoda" rank="order">Nematoda</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FD6E9DF6FC84" box="[143,1721,755,777]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FD6E9A93FC84" box="[143,476,755,777]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FD6E9A6CFC84" box="[143,291,755,777]" class="Chromadorea" family="Molineidae" genus="Bakeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="schadi">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FD6E9A6CFC84" box="[143,291,755,777]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Bakeria schadi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFD6E9805FC84" box="[567,842,755,777]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">1 25 1 (–)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFD6E9F39FC84" box="[867,1142,755,777]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FD6E9EC0FC84" box="[1212,1423,755,777]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">2 8 2 (–)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFD6E9DF6FC84" box="[1506,1721,755,777]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FC8D9DF6FCAA" box="[143,1721,784,807]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FC8D9A93FCAA" box="[143,476,784,807]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FC8D9ADEFCAB" box="[143,401,784,806]" class="Secernentea" family="Heterakidae" genus="Meteterakis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FC8D9ADEFCAB" box="[143,401,784,806]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Meteterakis singaporensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFC8D9805FCAA" box="[567,842,784,807]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">19 50 9.5 ± 10.5 (–)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFC8D9F39FCAA" box="[867,1142,784,807]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">144 53 14.4 ± 32.6 (1–107)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FC8D9EC0FCAA" box="[1212,1423,784,807]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">2 8 2 (–)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFC8D9DF6FCAA" box="[1506,1721,784,807]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FCB09DF6FCC9" box="[143,1721,813,836]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FCB09A93FCC9" box="[143,476,813,836]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FCB09AFCFCCE" box="[143,435,813,835]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Parapharyngodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="maplestoni">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FCB09AFCFCCE" box="[143,435,813,835]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Parapharyngodon maplestoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFCB09805FCC9" box="[567,842,813,836]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFCB09F39FCC9" box="[867,1142,813,836]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">8 24 2.0 ± 1.4 (1–4)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FCB09EC0FCC9" box="[1212,1423,813,836]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFCB09DF6FCC9" box="[1506,1721,813,836]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FCD79DF6FCEC" box="[143,1721,842,865]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FCD79A93FCEC" box="[143,476,842,865]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FCD79A58FCED" authorityName="Chabaud &amp; Brygoo" authorityYear="1961" box="[143,279,842,864]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cosmocercidae" genus="Maxvachonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FCD79A58FCED" box="[143,279,842,864]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Maxvachonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (female)
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFCD79805FCEC" box="[567,842,842,865]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFCD79F39FCEC" box="[867,1142,842,865]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FCD79EC0FCEC" box="[1212,1423,842,865]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFCD79DF6FCEC" box="[1506,1721,842,865]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">4 40 2.0 ± 1.4 (1–3)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FCF59DF6FCF2" box="[143,1721,872,895]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FCF59A93FCF2" box="[143,476,872,895]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FCF59A78FCF3" authorityName="Wu &amp; Liu" authorityYear="1940" box="[143,311,872,894]" class="Chromadorea" family="Physalopteridae" genus="Physalopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FCF59A78FCF3" box="[143,311,872,894]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Physalopteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (female)
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFCF59805FCF2" box="[567,842,872,895]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFCF59F39FCF2" box="[867,1142,872,895]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FCF59EC0FCF2" box="[1212,1423,872,895]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFCF59DF6FCF2" box="[1506,1721,872,895]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FC1B9DF6FC11" box="[143,1721,902,924]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FC1B9A93FC11" box="[143,476,902,924]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Ascaridoidea gen sp. (larvae)</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFC1B9805FC11" box="[567,842,902,924]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFC1B9F39FC11" box="[867,1142,902,924]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">2 12 1 (–)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FC1B9EC0FC11" box="[1212,1423,902,924]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFC1B9DF6FC11" box="[1506,1721,902,924]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FC3E9DF6FC34" box="[143,1721,931,953]" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FC3E9A93FC34" box="[143,476,931,953]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FC3E9A7FFC34" box="[143,304,931,953]" class="Chromadorea" family="Physalopteridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Physalopteridae</taxonomicName>
gen. sp. (larvae)
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFC3E9805FC34" box="[567,842,931,953]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFC3E9F39FC34" box="[867,1142,931,953]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FC3E9EC0FC34" box="[1212,1423,931,953]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFC3E9DF6FC34" box="[1506,1721,931,953]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FC5D9DF6FC5B" box="[143,1721,960,982]" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FC5D9A93FC5B" box="[143,476,960,982]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Riticulariidae gen sp. (larvae)</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFC5D9805FC5B" box="[567,842,960,982]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFC5D9F39FC5B" box="[867,1142,960,982]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FC5D9EC0FC5B" box="[1212,1423,960,982]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFC5D9DF6FC5B" box="[1506,1721,960,982]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FC409DF6FC79" box="[143,1721,989,1012]" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FC409A93FC79" box="[143,476,989,1012]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Seuratoidea gen sp. (larvae)</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFC409805FC79" box="[567,842,989,1012]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFC409F39FC79" box="[867,1142,989,1012]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FC409EC0FC79" box="[1212,1423,989,1012]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">3 8 3 (–)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFC409DF6FC79" box="[1506,1721,989,1012]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FB849DF6FBA2" box="[143,1721,1049,1071]" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFB849805FBA2" box="[567,842,1049,1071]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFD30FB8499B6FBA2" box="[648,761,1049,1071]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grismeri">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFD30FB8499B6FBA2" box="[648,761,1049,1071]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">C. grismeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFB849F39FBA2" box="[867,1142,1049,1071]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFC73FB849F74FBA2" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1963" box="[971,1083,1049,1071]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kumpoli">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFC73FB849F74FBA2" box="[971,1083,1049,1071]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">C. kumpoli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FB849EC0FBA2" box="[1212,1423,1049,1071]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFB47FB849E0BFBA2" authorityName="Das and Grismer" authorityYear="2003" box="[1279,1348,1049,1071]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limi">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFB47FB849E0BFBA2" box="[1279,1348,1049,1071]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">C. limi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFB849DF6FBA2" box="[1506,1721,1049,1071]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFA46FB849DD1FBA2" box="[1534,1694,1049,1071]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monachorum">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFA46FB849DD1FBA2" box="[1534,1694,1049,1071]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">C. monachorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FBAA9DF6FBC0" box="[143,1721,1079,1101]" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFBAA9805FBC0" box="[567,842,1079,1101]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">(N = 8)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFBAA9F39FBC0" box="[867,1142,1079,1101]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">(N = 11)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FBAA9EC0FBC0" box="[1212,1423,1079,1101]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">(N = 9)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFBAA9DF6FBC0" box="[1506,1721,1079,1101]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">(N = 7)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FBCE9DF6FBE7" box="[143,1721,1107,1130]" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FBCE9A93FBE7" box="[143,476,1107,1130]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FBCE9BB6FBE4" authorityName="Strauch" authorityYear="1887" box="[143,249,1107,1129]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FBCE9BB6FBE4" box="[143,249,1107,1129]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Cnemaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFBCE9805FBE7" box="[567,842,1107,1130]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">N P MI ± SD (R)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFBCE9F39FBE7" box="[867,1142,1107,1130]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">N P MI ± SD (R)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FBCE9EC0FBE7" box="[1212,1423,1107,1130]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">N P MI ± SD (R)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFBCE9DF6FBE7" box="[1506,1721,1107,1130]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">N P MI ± SD (R)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FB1B9DF6FB11" box="[143,1721,1158,1180]" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FB1B9DF6FB11" box="[143,1721,1158,1180]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FB1B9BAEFB11" box="[143,225,1158,1180]" class="Cestoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="class">Cestoda</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FB3E9DF6FB37" box="[143,1721,1187,1210]" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FB3E9A93FB37" box="[143,476,1187,1210]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FB3E9A21FB34" box="[143,366,1187,1209]" class="Cestoda" family="Nematotaeniidae" genus="Cylindrotaenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="malayi">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FB3E9A21FB34" box="[143,366,1187,1209]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Cylindrotaenia malayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFB3E9805FB37" box="[567,842,1187,1210]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFB3E9F39FB37" box="[867,1142,1187,1210]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FB3E9EC0FB37" box="[1212,1423,1187,1210]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFB3E9DF6FB37" box="[1506,1721,1187,1210]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FB5C9DF6FB5A" box="[143,1721,1217,1239]" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FB5C9A93FB5A" box="[143,476,1217,1239]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FB5C9BB5FB5A" box="[143,250,1217,1239]" class="Secernentea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nematoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Nematoda" rank="order">Nematoda</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FB409DF6FB79" box="[143,1721,1245,1268]" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FB409A93FB79" box="[143,476,1245,1268]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FB409A6CFB7E" box="[143,291,1245,1267]" class="Chromadorea" family="Molineidae" genus="Bakeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="schadi">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FB409A6CFB7E" box="[143,291,1245,1267]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Bakeria schadi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFB409805FB79" box="[567,842,1245,1268]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">14 50 3.5 ± 2.7 (1–7)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFB409F39FB79" box="[867,1142,1245,1268]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FB409EC0FB79" box="[1212,1423,1245,1268]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">8 33 2.7 ± 2.9 (1–6)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFB409DF6FB79" box="[1506,1721,1245,1268]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">14 57 3.5 ± 3.8 (1–9)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FB669DF6FA9C" box="[143,1721,1275,1297]" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FB669A93FA9C" box="[143,476,1275,1297]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FB669ADDFA9C" box="[143,402,1275,1297]" class="Secernentea" family="Heterakidae" genus="Meteterakis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FB669ADDFA9C" box="[143,402,1275,1297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Meteterakis singaporensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFB669805FA9C" box="[567,842,1275,1297]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">210 100 26.2 ± 24.9 (2–76)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFB669F39FA9C" box="[867,1142,1275,1297]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">11 36 2 (–)</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FB669EC0FA9C" box="[1212,1423,1275,1297]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFB669DF6FA9C" box="[1506,1721,1275,1297]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FA859DF6FAA2" box="[143,1721,1304,1327]" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FA859A93FAA2" box="[143,476,1304,1327]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FA859AFDFAA3" box="[143,434,1304,1326]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Parapharyngodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="maplestoni">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FA859AFDFAA3" box="[143,434,1304,1326]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Parapharyngodon maplestoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFA859805FAA2" box="[567,842,1304,1327]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFA859F39FAA2" box="[867,1142,1304,1327]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FA859EC0FAA2" box="[1212,1423,1304,1327]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFA859DF6FAA2" box="[1506,1721,1304,1327]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FAA89DF6FAC1" box="[143,1721,1333,1356]" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FAA89A93FAC1" box="[143,476,1333,1356]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FAA89A58FAC6" authorityName="Chabaud &amp; Brygoo" authorityYear="1961" box="[143,279,1333,1355]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cosmocercidae" genus="Maxvachonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FAA89A58FAC6" box="[143,279,1333,1355]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Maxvachonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (female)
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFAA89805FAC1" box="[567,842,1333,1356]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFAA89F39FAC1" box="[867,1142,1333,1356]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FAA89EC0FAC1" box="[1212,1423,1333,1356]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFAA89DF6FAC1" box="[1506,1721,1333,1356]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A99F455FFB2CAA0FF37FACF9DF6FAE4" box="[143,1721,1362,1385]" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<th id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FF37FACF9A93FAE4" box="[143,476,1362,1385]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB2355CFF37FACF9A78FAE5" authorityName="Wu &amp; Liu" authorityYear="1940" box="[143,311,1362,1384]" class="Chromadorea" family="Physalopteridae" genus="Physalopteroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CFF37FACF9A78FAE5" box="[143,311,1362,1384]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Physalopteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (female)
</th>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FD8FFACF9805FAE4" box="[567,842,1362,1385]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FCDBFACF9F39FAE4" box="[867,1142,1362,1385]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FB04FACF9EC0FAE4" box="[1212,1423,1362,1385]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
<td id="49489D29FFB2CAA0FA5AFACF9DF6FAE4" box="[1506,1721,1362,1385]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">–</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B416F617FFB2355CF9FAFA189DF5FA16" blockId="3.[1602,1722,1413,1435]" box="[1602,1722,1413,1435]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">
(
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB2355CF9F1FA189DE0FA16" box="[1609,1711,1413,1435]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2686">Continued</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
</treatment>
</document>

126
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<mods:title id="8A92ED584C4B538EAE5BAD18A7ACB168">Gastrointestinal helminths of nine species of Cnemaspis (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Peninsular Malaysia, one species from Cambodia and Thailand and two species from Vietnam</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="B416F617FFB3355DFF46FB0B991DFB23" blockId="2.[212,1172,465,1676]" box="[254,594,1174,1198]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">
<heading id="EF5E417BFFB3355DFF46FB0B9904FB23" box="[254,587,1174,1198]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFF46FB0B9904FB23" box="[254,587,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Parapharyngodon maplestoni</emphasis>
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,
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<subSubSection id="FCB3A59CFFB3355DFDDBFB0B9FDBF980" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B416F617FFB3355DFDDBFB0B9FDBF980" blockId="2.[212,1172,465,1676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">
described by
<bibRefCitation id="D0388BE6FFB3355DFCB3FB0B9888FB23" author="Chatterji RC" box="[779,967,1174,1198]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" pagination="131 - 134" refId="ref3564" refString="Chatterji RC. 1933. On a new nematode, Parapharyngodon maplestoni gen. nov., sp. nov., from a Burmese lizard. Ann Trop Med and Parasitol. 27: 131 - 134." type="journal article" year="1933">Chatterji (1933)</bibRefCitation>
from the lizard
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFF6CFB2B9967FB43" baseAuthorityName="Daudin" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[212,552,1206,1230]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Calotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="versicolor">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFF6CFB2B9AD4FB43" box="[212,411,1206,1230]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Calotes versicolor</emphasis>
(Agamidae)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="CCBEB687FFB3355DFDCCFB2A998EFB43" box="[628,705,1207,1230]" name="Myanmar" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Burma</collectingCountry>
(currently
<collectingCountry id="CCBEB687FFB3355DFCFAFB2B98F9FB43" box="[834,950,1206,1230]" name="Myanmar" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
), has a wide distribution pattern including
<collectingCountry id="CCBEB687FFB3355DFE40FB4B9911FB63" box="[504,606,1238,1262]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Thailand</collectingCountry>
of Southeast Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="D0388BE6FFB3355DFCF2FB4B9FCCFB63" author="Goldberg SR &amp; Bursey CR" box="[842,1155,1238,1263]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" pagination="138 - 142" refId="ref3645" refString="Goldberg SR, Bursey CR. 2001. Gastrointestinal helminths of gekkonid lizards (Sauria: Gekkonidae) from the Philippine Islands and Thailand. Comp Parasitol. 68: 138 - 142." type="journal article" year="2001">Goldberg and Bursey 2001</bibRefCitation>
). Members of the
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFE2AFB6B9913FA83" box="[402,604,1270,1294]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Pharyngodonidae</taxonomicName>
, such as
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFD7DFB6A9813FA83" box="[709,860,1270,1294]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Parapharyngodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="maplestoni">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFD7DFB6A9813FA83" box="[709,860,1270,1294]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">P. maplestoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have direct (monoxenous) life cycles and infection most likely occurs when contaminated substrate is ingested as lizards forage for food; a colonising
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFDC9FAAB9847FAC3" box="[625,776,1334,1358]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Parapharyngodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="maplestoni">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFDC9FAAB9847FAC3" box="[625,776,1334,1358]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">P. maplestoni</emphasis>
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needs only to find suitable habitat occupied by other lizards. This lack of dependence on an intermediate host is likely to increase the efficiency of
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFDB4FAEB99E5FA00" box="[524,682,1397,1421]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Parapharyngodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="maplestoni">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFDB4FAEB99E5FA00" box="[524,682,1397,1421]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">P. maplestoni</emphasis>
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in infecting additional lizards, probably contributes to the broad distribution of this species and may be partly responsible for its success in establishing in two species of geckos,
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFCDEFA2B9F11FA40" baseAuthorityName="Günther" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[870,1118,1461,1485]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicarinatus">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFCDEFA2B9F11FA40" box="[870,1118,1461,1485]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Nactus multicarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFF6CFA4B9A2AFA60" baseAuthorityName="Girard" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[212,357,1493,1517]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Nactus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pelagicus">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFF6CFA4B9A2AFA60" box="[212,357,1493,1517]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">N. pelagicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on various islands in
<collectingCountry id="CCBEB687FFB3355DFD2AFA4B99B9FA60" box="[658,758,1494,1517]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
, Oceania (
<bibRefCitation id="D0388BE6FFB3355DFC38FA489FCBFA60" author="Goldberg SR &amp; Bursey CR &amp; Hamilton AM &amp; Austin CC" box="[896,1156,1493,1517]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" pagination="1983 - 1993" refId="ref3679" refString="Goldberg SR, Bursey CR, Hamilton AM, Austin CC. 2011. Gastrointestinal helminth communities of two gekkonid lizard species, Nactus multicarinatus and Nactus pelagicus (Squamata: Gekkonidae), from the Republic of Vanuatu, Oceania. J Nat Hist. 45: 1983 - 1993." type="journal article" year="2011">Goldberg et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFF6CFA689959F980" box="[212,534,1525,1549]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Parapharyngodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="maplestoni">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFF6CFA689959F980" box="[212,534,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Parapharyngodon maplestoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFD82FA6899EFF980" authorityName="Das and Grismer" authorityYear="2003" box="[570,672,1525,1549]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baueri">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFD82FA6899EFF980" box="[570,672,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. baueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFD60FA6898D0F980" authorityName="Grismer and Das" authorityYear="2006" box="[728,927,1525,1549]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pemanggilensis">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFD60FA6898D0F980" box="[728,927,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. pemanggilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are new host records.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFF46FCEA9952FC02" box="[254,541,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Meteterakis singaporensis</emphasis>
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was described from
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFCB1FCEA98EFFC02" box="[777,928,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Duttaphrynus</emphasis>
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(as
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)
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from
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by
<bibRefCitation id="D0388BE6FFB3355DFE4DFC0A99C5FC22" author="Inglis WG" box="[501,650,919,943]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" pagination="9 - 31" refId="ref4142" refString="Inglis WG. 1958. A revision of the nematode genus Meteterakis Karve, 1930. Parasitol. 48: 9 - 31." type="journal article" year="1958">Inglis (1958)</bibRefCitation>
, and was also found in
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFC7DFC059F01FC22" box="[965,1102,920,943]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. mcguirei</emphasis>
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from Peninsular
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by
<bibRefCitation id="D0388BE6FFB3355DFE56FC25999AFC42" author="Bursey CR &amp; Goldberg SR &amp; Grismer LL" box="[494,725,951,976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" pagination="643 - 652" refId="ref3307" refString="Bursey CR, Goldberg SR, Grismer LL. 2014. New species of Bakeria (Nematoda; Strongylida; Molineidae), new species of Falcaustra (Nematoda; Ascaridida; Kathlaniidae) and other helminths in Cnemaspis mcguirei (Sauria; Gekkonidae) from Peninsular Malaysia. Acta Parasitol. 59: 643 - 652." type="journal article" year="2014">Bursey et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
. Congeners of
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFC31FC2A9F41FC42" box="[905,1038,951,975]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Meteterakis</emphasis>
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are mainly restricted to Southeast Asia and the
<collectingCountry id="CCBEB687FFB3355DFDD2FC4A99A9FC62" box="[618,742,983,1007]" name="Philippines" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Philippines</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D0388BE6FFB3355DFD4DFC4A983AFC62" author="Baker MR" box="[757,885,983,1007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" pagination="1 - 325" refId="ref3250" refString="Baker MR. 1987. Synopsis of the Nematoda parasitic in amphibians and reptiles. Mem Univ Newfoundland Occas Pap Biol. 11: 1 - 325." type="journal article" year="1987">Baker 1987</bibRefCitation>
) and also occur in
<collectingCountry id="CCBEB687FFB3355DFBF4FC459A2DFB82" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D0388BE6FFB3355DFEC8FC6A9919FB82" author="Goldberg SR &amp; Bursey CR &amp; Kraus F" box="[368,598,1015,1039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" pagination="447 - 467" refId="ref3731" refString="Goldberg SR, Bursey CR, Kraus F. 2010. Metazoan endoparasites of 14 species of skinks (Squamata: Scincidae) from Papua New Guinea. J Nat Hist. 44: 447 - 467." type="journal article" year="2010">Goldberg et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFDD5FC6A98C4FB82" box="[621,907,1015,1039]" class="Secernentea" family="Heterakidae" genus="Meteterakis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFDD5FC6A98C4FB82" box="[621,907,1015,1039]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Meteterakis singaporensis</emphasis>
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had the largest number of individuals (457) and greatest prevalence (24%).
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFCF1FB8A9F20FBA3" box="[841,1135,1047,1071]" class="Secernentea" family="Heterakidae" genus="Meteterakis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFCF1FB8A9F20FBA3" box="[841,1135,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Meteterakis singaporensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFF6CFBAA9A0FFBC2" box="[212,320,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. affinis</emphasis>
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,
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFEEEFBAA9A8CFBC2" authorityName="Das and Grismer" authorityYear="2003" box="[342,451,1079,1103]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baueri">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFEEEFBAA9A8CFBC2" box="[342,451,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. baueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFE60FBAA9923FBC2" box="[472,620,1079,1103]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="biocellata">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFE60FBAA9923FBC2" box="[472,620,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. biocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFD39FBAA984BFBC3" box="[641,772,1079,1102]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grismeri">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFD39FBAA984BFBC3" box="[641,772,1079,1102]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. grismeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFCA1FBAA98D6FBC2" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1963" box="[793,921,1079,1103]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kumpoli">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFCA1FBAA98D6FBC2" box="[793,921,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. kumpoli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFC17FBAA9F14FBC3" authorityName="Grismer and Van Tri" authorityYear="2007" box="[943,1115,1079,1102]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nuicamensis">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFC17FBAA9F14FBC3" box="[943,1115,1079,1102]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. nuicamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB3355DFF6CFBCA9AD3FBE2" authorityName="Grismer and Das" authorityYear="2006" box="[212,412,1111,1135]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pemanggilensis">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFF6CFBCA9AD3FBE2" box="[212,412,1111,1135]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. pemanggilensis</emphasis>
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are new host records.
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105
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was recently described from
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFD4DFD65989BFC9D" box="[757,980,760,784]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">Cnemaspis mcguirei</emphasis>
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from Peninsular
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(
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in
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,
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFF6CFCA59A6EFCC2" box="[212,289,823,847]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. limi</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFE89FCA59A9AFCC2" box="[305,469,823,847]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. monarchum</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB3355DFDA9FCA59996FCC2" box="[529,729,823,847]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2685">C. pemanggilensis</emphasis>
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are new host records
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91
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was originally described from the frog
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Ascarid larvae represent the diverse Order
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which contains monoxenous superfamilies (Cosmocercoidea, Heterakoidea), auto-infective species (
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) and heteroxenous groups such as Ascaridoidea, Seuratoidea and Subuluroidea. Ascarid larvae in
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and
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB4355AFC79FC7B9B84FB90" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688">C pemanggilensis</emphasis>
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The Riticulariidae is composed of a homogeneous group of about 50 species, divided into two genera and several subgenera (
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,
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;
<bibRefCitation id="D0388BE6FFB4355AFF28FCBB9A76FCB3" author="Chabaud AG" box="[144,313,806,830]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref3402" refString="Chabaud AG. 1975. No. 3. Keys to the genera of the order Spirurida. Part 1. Camallanoidea, Dracunculoidea, Gnathostomatoidea, Physalopteroidea, Rictularioidea and Thelazioidea. In: Anderson RC, Chabaud AG, Willmott S, editors. CIH Keys to the nematode parasites of vertebrates. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, UK; p. 1 - 27." type="book chapter" year="1975">Chabaud 1975</bibRefCitation>
). They are heteroxenous and likely require an insect intermediate host (
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). Riticulariidae gen. sp. in
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gen. sp
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.
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are a disparate group of helminth genera, that are thought to connect the Cosmocercoidea to the advanced
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or
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Spirurida (
<bibRefCitation id="D0388BE6FFB4355AFF2FFDDA9A0EFDD2" author="Chabaud AG" box="[151,321,583,607]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688" pagination="1 - 71" refId="ref3469" refString="Chabaud AG. 1978. No. 6. Keys to genera of the Superfamilies Cosmocercoidea, Seuratoidea, Heterakoidea and Subuluroidea. In: Anderson RW, Chabaud AG, Willmott S, editors. CIH Keys to the nematode parasites of vertebrates. Farnham Royal: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, UK; p. 1 - 71." type="book chapter" year="1978">Chabaud 1978</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Le-Van-Hoa (1966) experimentally found the intermediate hosts of
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB4355AFF0DFDFA9AF0FDF3" box="[181,447,615,638]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688">Seuratum nguyenvanaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a parasite of the house shrew in
<collectingCountry id="CCBEB687FFB4355AFCCBFDFA9899FDF2" box="[883,982,615,639]" name="Vietnam" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, were the cockroaches
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB4355AFE9FFD1B9AAFFD13" box="[295,480,646,670]" class="Insecta" family="Blattidae" genus="Blatta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB4355AFE9FFD1B9AAFFD13" box="[295,480,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688">Blatta orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB4355AFD9FFD1B9861FD13" box="[551,814,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688">
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB4355AFD9FFD1B9865FD13" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[551,810,646,670]" class="Insecta" family="Blattidae" genus="Periplaneta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">Periplaneta americana</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Seuratoidea gen. sp. in
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB4355AFF28FD3A9A51FD33" box="[144,286,678,702]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688">C. biocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73A98D94FFB4355AFEE1FD3A9A99FD33" box="[345,470,679,702]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cnemaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grismeri">
<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB4355AFEE1FD3A9A99FD33" box="[345,470,679,702]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688">C. grismeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are new host records.
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</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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107
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Species of
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are common in the Southern Hemisphere and are known from Africa, South America,
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, South America and also
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(
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).
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sp. in
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is a new host record.
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gen. sp. include three subfamilies which occur in the stomachs of reptiles, birds and mammals, where they firmly attach to the gastric mucosa; only species in the
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have been studied (
<bibRefCitation id="D0388BE6FFB4355AFD6BFEFA9834FEF2" author="Chabaud AG" box="[723,891,359,383]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref3402" refString="Chabaud AG. 1975. No. 3. Keys to the genera of the order Spirurida. Part 1. Camallanoidea, Dracunculoidea, Gnathostomatoidea, Physalopteroidea, Rictularioidea and Thelazioidea. In: Anderson RC, Chabaud AG, Willmott S, editors. CIH Keys to the nematode parasites of vertebrates. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, UK; p. 1 - 27." type="book chapter" year="1975">Chabaud 1975</bibRefCitation>
). Encysted physalopterid larvae are common in the digestive tracts of reptiles (
<bibRefCitation id="D0388BE6FFB4355AFC37FE1A9F5DFE12" author="Jones HI" box="[911,1042,391,415]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688" pagination="299 - 306" refId="ref4166" refString="Jones HI. 1995. Pathology associated with physalopterid larvae (Nematoda: Spirurida) in the gastric tissues of Australian reptiles. J Wild Dis. 31: 299 - 306." type="journal article" year="1995">Jones 1995</bibRefCitation>
). As development to the adult does not occur, infected reptiles serve as paratenic (transport) hosts.
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in
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB4355AFE4DFE55990DFE52" box="[501,578,455,479]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688">C. limi</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="86DD2A05FFB4355AFDC6FE55986BFE52" box="[638,804,456,479]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2688">C. nuicamensis</emphasis>
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are new host records.
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263
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<treatment id="3C0087AB29114E1AC5A1FB10F648FD35" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5987724" ID-GBIF-Taxon="150777173" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5987724" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C0087AB29114E1AC5A1FB10F648FD35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C0087AB29114E1AC5A1FB10F648FD35" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="293" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
<subSubSection id="FCB3653629114E18C5A1FB10F140FB1C" box="[151,1121,1238,1264]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B41636BD29114E18C5A1FB10F140FB1C" blockId="0.[151,1436,1238,1989]" box="[151,1121,1238,1264]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
<heading id="EF5E81D129114E18C5A1FB10F140FB1C" bold="true" box="[151,1121,1238,1264]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" reason="1">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29114E18C5A1FB10F140FB1C" bold="true" box="[151,1121,1238,1264]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
<taxonomicName id="73A94D3E29114E18C5A1FB10F722FB1C" ID-CoL="MWTW" authority="Sehnal" authorityName="Sehnal" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,515,1238,1264]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Brachylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turmensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29114E18C5A1FB10F485FB1C" bold="true" box="[151,420,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Brachylepis turmensis</emphasis>
Sehnal
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEE57D429114E18C739FB10F7BEFB1C" box="[527,671,1238,1264]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829114E18C798FB10F664FB1C" box="[686,837,1238,1264]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="1.[151,258,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[184,1421,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[150,1436,191,1587]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1A–F. Habitus (A–C) and detail of setation on pronotum (D–F), dorsal view. A, D, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi;B, E, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar = 1 cm (for habitus); scale bar = 2 mm (for detail of pronotum)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163971/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Figs. 1C, 1F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829114E18C664FB10F6BFFB1C" box="[850,926,1238,1264]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1725,1747]" captionTargetBox="[160,1418,797,1684]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,781,1705]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2A–I. Aedeagus in dorsal (A, D, G) and lateral (B, E, H) views; apex of aedeagus (C, F, I). A–C, Brachylepis elephas, Tanzania, Voi;D–F,Brachylepis werneri, Tanzania,Iringa; G–I, Brachylepisturmensis new species, holotype.Scale bar= 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163973/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">2G–H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829114E18C69DFB10F107FB1C" box="[939,1062,1238,1264]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1061,1083]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,198,1026]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,191,1040]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3A–I. Mesotibia (A–C), ventral view; protibia (D–F), dorsal view; antenna (G–I), dorsal view. A, D, G, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi; B, E, H, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, I, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar= 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163975/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
3C, 3F,
<date id="C017107D29114E18C13CFB10F107FB1C" box="[1034,1062,1238,1264]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">3I</date>
</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829114E18C105FB10F176FB1C" box="[1075,1111,1238,1264]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1448,1470]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,191,1427]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,191,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4A–C. Map of currently known geographical distributions. A, Brachylepis elephas; B, Brachylepis werneri; C, Brachylepisturmensis newspecies.Reddots indicate new species or new locality." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163977/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">4C</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB3653629114E18C5A1FB3FF7FBFA94" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B41636BD29114E18C5A1FB3FF10AFAFC" blockId="0.[151,1436,1238,1989]" box="[151,1067,1273,1296]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
<materialsCitation id="04C13CE029114E18C5A1FB3FF10AFAFC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1806316886" box="[151,1067,1273,1296]" country="Ethiopia" location="Peoples' Region" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Southern Nations" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29114E18C5A1FB3FF40FFAFC" bold="true" box="[151,302,1273,1296]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
<typeStatus id="6B12881F29114E18C5A1FB3FF5EEFAFC" box="[151,207,1273,1296]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="CCBE762D29114E18C402FB3FF4B0FAFC" box="[308,401,1273,1296]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="766DF85F29114E18C4ADFB3FF779FAFC" box="[411,600,1273,1296]" country="Ethiopia" name="Ye Debub Biheroch Bihereseboch na Hizboch" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Southern Nations</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="766DF85F29114E18C754FB3FF7CCFAFC" box="[610,749,1273,1296]" country="Ethiopia" name="Nationalities" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Nationalities</collectingRegion>
, and
<location id="B176606629114E18C613FB3FF6F6FAFC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C0087AB29114E1AC5A1FB10F648FD35:B176606629114E18C613FB3FF6F6FAFC" box="[805,983,1273,1296]" country="Ethiopia" name="Peoples' Region" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" stateProvince="Southern Nations">Peoples’ Region</location>
, Turmi.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41636BD29114E18C5F1FADAF7FBFA94" blockId="0.[151,1436,1238,1989]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
<materialsCitation id="04C13CE029114E18C5F1FADAF7F6FA94" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1806316889" collectingDate="2016-11-04" collectionCode="RSCV" collectorName="Vladimir Major" country="Czech Republic" county="Richard" elevation="950" latitude="36.5" location="Narodni" municipality="Velenice" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" specimenCount="950" stateProvince="Praha" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29114E18C5F1FADAF44FFADF" bold="true" box="[199,366,1308,1331]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
<typeStatus id="6B12881F29114E18C5F1FADAF5DEFADF" box="[199,255,1308,1331]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="6B12881F29114E18C440FADAF4FCFADF" box="[374,477,1308,1331]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: “ETHIOPIA—Hamer or. Turmi near
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<elevation id="3F84D18E29114E18C648FADAF6E6FADF" box="[894,967,1308,1331]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" unit="m" value="950.0">
<quantity id="73519B5829114E18C648FADAF6E6FADF" box="[894,967,1308,1331]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" unit="m" value="950.0">950 m</quantity>
</elevation>
.
</specimenCount>
| 04°58´31˝
<geoCoordinate id="D19D507A29114E18C17CFADAF19CFADF" box="[1098,1213,1308,1331]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" precision="925" value="36.5">N 036°30´</geoCoordinate>
53˝E | 9.-
<collectingDate id="D053E99529114E18C028FADAF0AFFADF" box="[1310,1422,1308,1331]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" value="2016-11-04">
<date id="C017107D29114E18C028FADAF0AFFADF" box="[1310,1422,1308,1331]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" value="2016-11-04">11.4.2016</date>
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|
<collectorName id="195C536B29114E18C5A1FAF8F41FFAB9" box="[151,318,1342,1365]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Vladimír Major</collectorName>
leg. [printed] ||
<collectionCode id="D2B8AE7829114E18C4D0FAF8F70AFAB9" box="[486,555,1342,1365]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">RSCV</collectionCode>
|
<collectingCounty id="5D774E3129114E18C708FAF8F7B3FAB9" box="[574,658,1342,1365]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Richard</collectingCounty>
SEHNAL | collection |
<collectingMunicipality id="5472ACC729114E18C6B8FAF8F6C8FAB9" box="[910,1001,1342,1365]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Velenice</collectingMunicipality>
|
<collectingCountry id="CCBE762D29114E18C6CDFAF8F185FAB9" box="[1019,1188,1342,1365]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
[printed]”.
<typeStatus id="6B12881F29114E18C016FAF8F0A2FAB9" box="[1312,1411,1342,1365]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
is deposited in
<location id="B176606629114E18C429FAA7F457FA94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C0087AB29114E1AC5A1FB10F648FD35:B176606629114E18C429FAA7F457FA94" box="[287,374,1377,1400]" country="Czech Republic" county="Richard" latitude="36.5" municipality="Velenice" name="Narodni" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" stateProvince="Praha">Národní</location>
muzeum
<collectingRegion id="766DF85F29114E18C4E9FAA7F73EFA94" box="[479,543,1377,1400]" country="Czech Republic" name="Praha" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Praha</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="CCBE762D29114E18C71FFAA7F7F6FA94" box="[553,727,1377,1400]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB3653629114E1AC5F1FA42F729FDC0" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="293" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" type="description">
<paragraph id="B41636BD29114E18C5F1FA42F022FA51" blockId="0.[151,1436,1238,1989]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29114E18C5F1FA42F4FCFA77" bold="true" box="[199,477,1412,1435]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
Description of
<typeStatus id="6B12881F29114E18C442FA42F4F9FA77" box="[372,472,1412,1435]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Body length
<quantity id="73519B5829114E18C741FA42F7F8FA77" box="[631,729,1412,1435]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" unit="mm" value="24.5">24.5 mm</quantity>
(without pygidium). Body elongate, posteriorly slightly dilated. Dorsal surface and abdomen dark brown, legs partly lighter, antenna bicolorous, elytra pruinose (
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829114E18C194FA60F1D4FA51" box="[1186,1269,1446,1469]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="1.[151,258,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[184,1421,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[150,1436,191,1587]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1A–F. Habitus (A–C) and detail of setation on pronotum (D–F), dorsal view. A, D, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi;B, E, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar = 1 cm (for habitus); scale bar = 2 mm (for detail of pronotum)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163971/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41636BD29114E18C5A1FA0FF045F8D7" blockId="0.[151,1436,1238,1989]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
Clypeus 2.8x wider than long, with anterior angles broadly rounded and anterior margin strongly upturned and bisinuate; surface deeply and densely punctate, with smooth facets between punctures; posterolaterally oriented, pointed, semierect scale originating from centre of each puncture; some medial scales narrower than others, frontoclypeal suture weakly indicated. Frons deeply and densely punctate, with a scale originating from each puncture; scales near midline point laterally toward a longitudinal bulge in each half of frons, forming a bisinuate pattern (
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829114E18C11DF992F15FF987" box="[1067,1150,1620,1643]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="1.[151,258,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[184,1421,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[150,1436,191,1587]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1A–F. Habitus (A–C) and detail of setation on pronotum (D–F), dorsal view. A, D, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi;B, E, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar = 1 cm (for habitus); scale bar = 2 mm (for detail of pronotum)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163971/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
). Labrum bilobed, anterior angles obtuse but distinct, macrosetae longest at edge of clypeus and around eye canthus. Eye canthus long, with macrosetae in two orderly rows; anterior conical setae short, posterior conical setae
<date id="C017107D29114E18C17FF95FF145F95C" box="[1097,1124,1689,1712]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">2x</date>
shorter than clypeal scales. Antenna bicolorous, with nine antennomeres; antennal shaft reddish brown, antennal club yellow. Club with three antennomeres, straight, same length as antennal shaft (antennomeres 1–4 combined), apex of club with irregular, fine, short macrosetae with sensilla pits (
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829114E18C725F8C7F77FF8F4" box="[531,606,1793,1816]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1061,1083]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,198,1026]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,191,1040]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3A–I. Mesotibia (A–C), ventral view; protibia (D–F), dorsal view; antenna (G–I), dorsal view. A, D, G, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi; B, E, H, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, I, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar= 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163975/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
Fig.
<date id="C017107D29114E18C773F8C7F77FF8F4" box="[581,606,1793,1816]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">3I</date>
</figureCitation>
). Terminal maxillary palpomere widest at midlength, apically truncate, with a terminal tubercle on inner, more angular side, and dorsally with a large oval alutaceous area widening toward apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41636BD29114E18C5F1F880F484F829" blockId="0.[151,1436,1238,1989]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
Pronotum weekly convex, approximately octagonal (
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829114E18C7C9F880F673F8B1" box="[767,850,1862,1885]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="1.[151,258,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[184,1421,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[150,1436,191,1587]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1A–F. Habitus (A–C) and detail of setation on pronotum (D–F), dorsal view. A, D, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi;B, E, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar = 1 cm (for habitus); scale bar = 2 mm (for detail of pronotum)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163971/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
),
<date id="C017107D29114E18C651F880F6A3F8B1" box="[871,898,1862,1885]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">2x</date>
wider than long, widest in posterior third. Lateral margins crenulate, with a pale brown straight seta issuing from each crenulation. Surface deeply and densely punctate; spaces between them smooth and shiny; each puncture bearing a pointed scale. Scales forming groups oriented mostly toward midline (
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829114E18C471F868F4B9F829" box="[327,408,1966,1989]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="1.[151,258,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[184,1421,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[150,1436,191,1587]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1A–F. Habitus (A–C) and detail of setation on pronotum (D–F), dorsal view. A, D, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi;B, E, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar = 1 cm (for habitus); scale bar = 2 mm (for detail of pronotum)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163971/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D6663529104E19C5A1F98EF7A6F974" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163971/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" targetBox="[184,1421,197,1572]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="B41636BD29104E19C5A1F98EF7A6F974" blockId="1.[151,1436,1608,1688]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29104E19C5A1F98EF465F9B2" bold="true" box="[151,324,1608,1630]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">FIGURES 1A–F.</emphasis>
Habitus (A–C) and detail of setation on pronotum (D–F), dorsal view. A, D,
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29104E19C103F98EF1DFF9B2" box="[1077,1278,1608,1630]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
<taxonomicName id="73A94D3E29104E19C103F98EF1DBF9B2" baseAuthorityName="Gerstaecker" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1077,1274,1608,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Brachylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephas">Brachylepis elephas</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
male, Tanzania, Voi; B, E,
<taxonomicName id="73A94D3E29104E19C5CDF9A3F49EF997" authorityName="Lacroix" authorityYear="2009" box="[251,447,1637,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Brachylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="werneri">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29104E19C5CDF9A3F49EF997" box="[251,447,1637,1659]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Brachylepis werneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F,
<taxonomicName id="73A94D3E29104E19C7D7F9A3F697F997" authority="Sehnal, 2018" authorityName="Sehnal" authorityYear="2018" box="[737,950,1637,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Brachylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turmensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29104E19C7D7F9A3F697F997" box="[737,950,1637,1659]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Brachylepis turmensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEE57D429104E19C68AF9A0F112F997" box="[956,1075,1638,1659]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype male. Scale bar = 1 cm (for habitus); scale bar = 2 mm (for detail of pronotum).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B41636BD29104E19C5F1F902F5E4F911" blockId="1.[151,1436,1732,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
Scutellum wider than long, triangular, evenly punctate in anterior half, with scales similar to those on pronotum (
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829104E19C046F902F599F911" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="1.[151,258,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[184,1421,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[150,1436,191,1587]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1A–F. Habitus (A–C) and detail of setation on pronotum (D–F), dorsal view. A, D, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi;B, E, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar = 1 cm (for habitus); scale bar = 2 mm (for detail of pronotum)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163971/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41636BD29104E19C5F1F8CFF747F864" blockId="1.[151,1436,1732,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Elytra convex, elytron 1.25x longer than wide, without true striae and intervals, instead only indistinct broad, slightly elevated or lowered strips indicated by relative density of squamation, with oblique crests nearly glabrous. Part of elytron between terminal bulge and apex short, steeply inclined. Spaces between punctures and scales finely rugate and shiny. Lateral margins with short setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41636BD29104E1AC5F1F852F63AFF18" blockId="1.[151,1436,1732,2032]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,152,729]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="293" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29104E19C5F1F852F44FF847" bold="true" box="[199,366,1940,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Macropterous.</emphasis>
All femora shiny, irregularly punctate, with yellowish-white scales and reddish-brown long setae. Protibia tridentate; inner terminal spur at level of proximal tooth (
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829104E19C643F870F6E8F821" box="[885,969,1974,1997]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1061,1083]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,198,1026]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,191,1040]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3A–I. Mesotibia (A–C), ventral view; protibia (D–F), dorsal view; antenna (G–I), dorsal view. A, D, G, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi; B, E, H, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, I, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar= 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163975/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
). Meso- and metatibiae expanded distally, densely covered by broad scales and long setae, with one curved spur apically and one oblique interrupted carina externally (
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829134E1AC426FF5EF442FF43" box="[272,355,152,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1061,1083]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,198,1026]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,191,1040]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3A–I. Mesotibia (A–C), ventral view; protibia (D–F), dorsal view; antenna (G–I), dorsal view. A, D, G, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi; B, E, H, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, I, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar= 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
). Distal edge with a row of short, stout setae of equal length, terminal calcars stout, long, lower calcar little shorter than upper; pro-, meso- and metatarsomeres without patches of short, dense setae; all tarsomeres ventrally covered by sparse setae. Claws bifid, with ventrobasal teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41636BD29134E1AC5F1FEC6F1F0FEFB" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,729]" box="[199,1233,256,279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Abdominal ventrites reddish brown, shiny, finely punctate, densely covered by oval white scales.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41636BD29134E1AC5F1FEE4F4BEFEB0" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,729]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Pygidium slightly concave, shallowly punctate, with yellowish-white, caudally oriented scales becoming finer toward posterior margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41636BD29134E1AC5F1FEAEF131FE28" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,729]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829134E1AC445FEAEF4CDFE93" box="[371,492,360,383]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1725,1747]" captionTargetBox="[160,1418,797,1684]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,781,1705]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2A–I. Aedeagus in dorsal (A, D, G) and lateral (B, E, H) views; apex of aedeagus (C, F, I). A–C, Brachylepis elephas, Tanzania, Voi;D–F,Brachylepis werneri, Tanzania,Iringa; G–I, Brachylepisturmensis new species, holotype.Scale bar= 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163973/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Figs. 2G–I</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus symmetrical, conical in dorsal view. Phallobase in lateral view dorsally as well as ventrally doubly undulate, dorsally at apex terminating in a distinct hook. Each paramere with a double tooth, medially teeth meet and in frontoventral view form a horizontal number 8 (
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829134E1AC68EFE6BF122FE28" box="[952,1027,429,452]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1725,1747]" captionTargetBox="[160,1418,797,1684]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,781,1705]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2A–I. Aedeagus in dorsal (A, D, G) and lateral (B, E, H) views; apex of aedeagus (C, F, I). A–C, Brachylepis elephas, Tanzania, Voi;D–F,Brachylepis werneri, Tanzania,Iringa; G–I, Brachylepisturmensis new species, holotype.Scale bar= 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163973/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
Fig.
<date id="C017107D29134E1AC6DCFE6BF122FE28" box="[1002,1027,429,452]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">2I</date>
</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41636BD29134E1AC5F1FE16F753FE0B" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,729]" box="[199,626,464,487]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29134E1AC5F1FE16F485FE0B" bold="true" box="[199,420,464,487]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Sexual dimorphism</emphasis>
. Female unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41636BD29134E1AC5F1FE34F729FDC0" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,729]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
<materialsCitation id="04C13CE029134E1AC5F1FE34F729FDC0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1806316890" country="Ethiopia" location="Peoples' Region" municipality="Geographic" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Southern Nations" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29134E1AC5F1FE34F4FCFDE5" bold="true" box="[199,477,498,521]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
<collectingMunicipality id="5472ACC729134E1AC5F1FE34F46DFDE5" box="[199,332,498,521]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Geographic</collectingMunicipality>
distribution
</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="CCBE762D29134E1AC4D8FE34F76AFDE5" box="[494,587,498,521]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="766DF85F29134E1AC76FFE34F638FDE5" box="[601,793,498,521]" country="Ethiopia" name="Ye Debub Biheroch Bihereseboch na Hizboch" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Southern Nations</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="766DF85F29134E1AC611FE34F68EFDE5" box="[807,943,498,521]" country="Ethiopia" name="Nationalities" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Nationalities</collectingRegion>
and
<location id="B176606629134E1AC6DFFE34F1BEFDE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C0087AB29114E1AC5A1FB10F648FD35:B176606629134E1AC6DFFE34F1BEFDE5" box="[1001,1183,498,521]" country="Ethiopia" municipality="Geographic" name="Peoples' Region" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" stateProvince="Southern Nations">Peoples’ Region</location>
, Turmi. The species is known only from the
<typeStatus id="6B12881F29134E1AC448FDD3F48DFDC0" box="[382,428,533,556]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">type</typeStatus>
locality.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB3653629134E1AC5F1FDFEF60AFD5B" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B41636BD29134E1AC5F1FDFEF60AFD5B" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,729]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29134E1AC5F1FDFEF49DFDA3" bold="true" box="[199,444,568,591]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="73A94D3E29134E1AC4FAFDF1F79AFDA3" authority="Sehnal, 2018" authorityName="Sehnal" authorityYear="2018" box="[460,699,567,591]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Brachylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turmensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29134E1AC4FAFDF1F79AFDA3" box="[460,699,567,591]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Brachylepis turmensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEE57D429134E1AC7F2FDFEF666FDA3" box="[708,839,568,591]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
is the third representative of the genus
<taxonomicName id="73A94D3E29134E1AC1CBFDF1F05DFDA3" authorityName="Kolbe" authorityYear="1894" box="[1277,1404,567,591]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Brachylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29134E1AC1CBFDF1F05DFDA3" box="[1277,1404,567,591]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Brachylepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It can be distinguished from the previously described species by the following characters: length &lt;25.0 mm, pronotal scales oval, toward base weakly overlapping margins of punctures (
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829134E1AC6BDFDBBF6FFFD78" box="[907,990,637,660]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="1.[151,258,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[184,1421,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[150,1436,191,1587]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1A–F. Habitus (A–C) and detail of setation on pronotum (D–F), dorsal view. A, D, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi;B, E, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar = 1 cm (for habitus); scale bar = 2 mm (for detail of pronotum)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163971/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
); antennal club yellow and shorter than reddish-brown antennal shaft; shape of the aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829134E1AC7E5FD66F63FFD5B" box="[723,798,672,695]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1061,1083]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,198,1026]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,191,1040]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3A–I. Mesotibia (A–C), ventral view; protibia (D–F), dorsal view; antenna (G–I), dorsal view. A, D, G, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi; B, E, H, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, I, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar= 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
Fig.
<date id="C017107D29134E1AC633FD66F63FFD5B" box="[773,798,672,695]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">3I</date>
</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB3653629134E1AC5F1FD04F648FD35" box="[199,873,706,729]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B41636BD29134E1AC5F1FD04F648FD35" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,729]" box="[199,873,706,729]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29134E1AC5F1FD04F461FD35" bold="true" box="[199,320,706,729]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Etymology</emphasis>
. Derived from the name of the
<typeStatus id="6B12881F29134E1AC7A6FD04F79FFD35" box="[656,702,706,729]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">type</typeStatus>
locality, Turmi.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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Key to species of
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<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29124E1BC45BF90DF4DDF909" bold="true" box="[365,508,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Brachylepis</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="B41636BD29124E1BC5A1F928F0BDF8CC" blockId="3.[151,1436,1739,1971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<keyLead id="0F58958829124E1BC5A1F928F0BDF8CC" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
1. Entire pronotum densely covered by imbricating, semirecumbent, pointed scales; epicuticle not visible. Scales at least
<date id="C017107D29124E1BC009F928F076F8EF" box="[1343,1367,1774,1795]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">2x</date>
longer than puncture diameters. Antennal shaft and club blackish brown
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29124E1BC60DF8CAF153F8CD" box="[827,1138,1804,1825]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">....................................................</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29124E1BC142F8CAF1A2F8CD" box="[1140,1155,1804,1825]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29124E1BC1B9F8CDF1F9F8CD" box="[1167,1240,1803,1825]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">elephas</emphasis>
(Gerstaecker, 1867)
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<paragraph id="B41636BD29124E1BC5A1F8EFF0BDF8D2" blockId="3.[151,1436,1739,1971]" box="[151,1436,1833,1854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<keyLead id="0F58958829124E1BC5A1F8EFF0BDF8D2" box="[151,1436,1833,1854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">- Pronotal scales no longer than 1.1x puncture diameters, do not cover entire surface, colour and punctation of cuticle visible ...... 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="0F5D2E1829124E1BC5A1F880F0BDF85F" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<paragraph id="B41636BD29124E1BC5A1F880F0BDF894" blockId="3.[151,1436,1739,1971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<keyLead id="0F58958829124E1BC5A1F880F0BDF894" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
2. Pronotal scales oval, toward base weakly overlap margins of punctures. Antennal shaft reddish brown, antennal club yellow.......
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Sehnal
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- Pronotal scales spherical, fill punctures and do not overlap their margins. Antennal shaft and club reddish brown .........................
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.
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<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29124E1BC5A1FA55F4ABFA41" bold="true" box="[151,394,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Brachylepis werneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
(
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,
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<figureCitation id="2C922A3829124E1BC674FA52F6EBFA42" box="[834,970,1428,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1061,1083]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,198,1026]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,191,1040]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3A–I. Mesotibia (A–C), ventral view; protibia (D–F), dorsal view; antenna (G–I), dorsal view. A, D, G, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi; B, E, H, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, I, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar= 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163975/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">3B, 3E, 3H</figureCitation>
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studied.
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<collectingCountry id="CCBE762D29124E1BC45FFA70F4EDFA21" box="[361,460,1462,1485]" name="Tanzania" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
,
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,
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<date id="C017107D29124E1BC770FA70F7E6FA21" box="[582,711,1462,1485]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" value="2002-03-14">14.iii. 2002</date>
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, one female (
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), deposited in
<collectorName id="195C536B29124E1BC1C2FA70F0BDFA21" box="[1268,1436,1462,1485]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Richard Sehnal</collectorName>
collection,
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, Czech Republic.
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,
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,
<collectorName id="195C536B29124E1BC7D3FA1FF6C8FA1C" box="[741,1001,1497,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">SE Rusha National Park</collectorName>
,
<collectingDate id="D053E99529124E1BC6C5FA1FF1BCFA1C" box="[1011,1181,1497,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" value="2014-12-13" valueMax="2014-12-17" valueMin="2014-12-13">
<date id="C017107D29124E1BC6C5FA1FF1BCFA1C" box="[1011,1181,1497,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" value="2014-12-13" valueMax="2014-12-17" valueMin="2014-12-13">13–17.xii. 2014</date>
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,
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, one male (
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), deposited in
<collectorName id="195C536B29124E1BC4ABFA3AF761F9FF" box="[413,576,1532,1555]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Richard Sehnal</collectorName>
collection,
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, Czech Republic.
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<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29124E1BC5F1F9D8F422F9D9" bold="true" box="[199,259,1566,1589]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Note.</emphasis>
Previously, this species was known only from the
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series collected in
<collectingCountry id="CCBE762D29124E1BC178F9D8F189F9D9" box="[1102,1192,1566,1589]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
(Sidamo). The above mentioned specimens represent new distributional records for
<collectingCountry id="CCBE762D29124E1BC656F987F6E5F9B4" box="[864,964,1601,1624]" name="Tanzania" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
. Detailed photographs of the species are presented for the first time.
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128
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<paragraph id="B41636BD29134E1AC5A1F8A6F175F897" blockId="2.[151,1435,1853,1981]" box="[151,1108,1888,1915]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
<heading id="EF5E81D129134E1AC5A1F8A6F175F897" bold="true" box="[151,1108,1888,1915]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" reason="1">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29134E1AC5A1F8A6F175F897" bold="true" box="[151,1108,1888,1915]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
<taxonomicName id="73A94D3E29134E1AC5A1F8A6F7A3F897" ID-CoL="MWTJ" authority="(Gerstaecker, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Gerstaecker" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,642,1888,1915]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Brachylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephas">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29134E1AC5A1F8A6F4A9F896" bold="true" box="[151,392,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Brachylepis elephas</emphasis>
(Gerstaecker, 1867)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829134E1AC7A4F8A7F60FF897" box="[658,814,1889,1915]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="1.[151,258,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[184,1421,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[150,1436,191,1587]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1A–F. Habitus (A–C) and detail of setation on pronotum (D–F), dorsal view. A, D, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi;B, E, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar = 1 cm (for habitus); scale bar = 2 mm (for detail of pronotum)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163971/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Figs. 1A, 1D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829134E1AC60DF8A7F6A5F897" box="[827,900,1889,1915]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1725,1747]" captionTargetBox="[160,1418,797,1684]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,781,1705]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2A–I. Aedeagus in dorsal (A, D, G) and lateral (B, E, H) views; apex of aedeagus (C, F, I). A–C, Brachylepis elephas, Tanzania, Voi;D–F,Brachylepis werneri, Tanzania,Iringa; G–I, Brachylepisturmensis new species, holotype.Scale bar= 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163973/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">2A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829134E1AC6A4F8A7F13BF897" box="[914,1050,1889,1915]" captionStart="FIGURES 3" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1061,1083]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,198,1026]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,191,1040]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3A–I. Mesotibia (A–C), ventral view; protibia (D–F), dorsal view; antenna (G–I), dorsal view. A, D, G, Brachylepis elephas, male, Tanzania, Voi; B, E, H, Brachylepis werneri, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, I, Brachylepis turmensis new species, holotype male.Scale bar= 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">3A, 3D, 3G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C922A3829134E1AC111F8A7F16DF897" box="[1063,1100,1889,1915]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1448,1470]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,191,1427]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,191,1427]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4A–C. Map of currently known geographical distributions. A, Brachylepis elephas; B, Brachylepis werneri; C, Brachylepisturmensis newspecies.Reddots indicate new species or new locality." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163977/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">4A</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB3653629134E1BC5A1F842F623FAAF" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="294" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B41636BD29134E1AC5A1F842F67BF851" blockId="2.[151,1435,1853,1981]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
<materialsCitation id="04C13CE029134E1AC5A1F842F7BFF851" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1806316888" collectingDate="1996-11-22" collectingDateMax="1996-12-02" collectingDateMin="1996-11-22" collectorName="M. Snizek &amp; Richard Sehnal &amp; Velenice" country="Kenya" county="Tsavo" location="Material" municipality="Voi" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29134E1AC5A1F842F47DF877" bold="true" box="[151,348,1924,1947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
<location id="B176606629134E1AC5A1F842F5DBF877" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C0087AB29134E1BC5A1F8A6F623FAAF:B176606629134E1AC5A1F842F5DBF877" box="[151,250,1924,1947]" country="Kenya" county="Tsavo" municipality="Voi" name="Material" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Material</location>
studied.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="CCBE762D29134E1AC452F842F48DF877" box="[356,428,1924,1947]" name="Kenya" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5472ACC729134E1AC48EF842F4FDF877" box="[440,476,1924,1947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Voi</collectingMunicipality>
(
<collectingCounty id="5D774E3129134E1AC4DBF842F710F877" box="[493,561,1924,1947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Tsavo</collectingCounty>
),
<collectingDate id="D053E99529134E1AC773F842F627F877" box="[581,774,1924,1947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" value="1996-11-22" valueMax="1996-12-02" valueMin="1996-11-22">
<date id="C017107D29134E1AC773F842F627F877" box="[581,774,1924,1947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" value="1996-11-22" valueMax="1996-12-02" valueMin="1996-11-22">22.xi.–2.xii. 1996</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="195C536B29134E1AC624F842F6A2F877" box="[786,899,1924,1947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">M. Snížek</collectorName>
, one male (
<quantity id="73519B5829134E1AC134F842F144F877" box="[1026,1125,1924,1947]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.34" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="33.4">33.4 mm</quantity>
) and one female (34.0 mm), deposited in
<collectorName id="195C536B29134E1AC429F860F4E2F851" box="[287,451,1958,1981]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Richard Sehnal</collectorName>
collection,
<collectorName id="195C536B29134E1AC709F860F7BFF851" box="[575,670,1958,1981]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Velenice</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
, Czech Republic.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D6663529124E1BC5A1FBE3F4FAFB9A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163975/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" targetBox="[159,1415,198,1026]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="B41636BD29124E1BC5A1FBE3F4FAFB9A" blockId="3.[151,1436,1061,1142]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29124E1BC5A1FBE3F462FBD7" bold="true" box="[151,323,1061,1083]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">FIGURES 3A–I.</emphasis>
Mesotibia (A–C), ventral view; protibia (D–F), dorsal view; antenna (G–I), dorsal view. A, D, G,
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29124E1BC01FFBE3F5C7FBB5" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<taxonomicName id="73A94D3E29124E1BC01FFBE3F5C3FBB5" baseAuthorityName="Gerstaecker" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Brachylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephas">Brachylepis elephas</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
male, Tanzania, Voi; B, E, H,
<taxonomicName id="73A94D3E29124E1BC712FB85F7CAFBB4" authorityName="Lacroix" authorityYear="2009" box="[548,747,1091,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Brachylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="werneri">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29124E1BC712FB85F7CAFBB4" box="[548,747,1091,1113]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Brachylepis werneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male, Tanzania, Iringa; C, F, I,
<taxonomicName id="73A94D3E29124E1BC10AFB85F034FBB4" authority="Sehnal, 2018" authorityName="Sehnal" authorityYear="2018" box="[1084,1301,1091,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Brachylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turmensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29124E1BC10AFB85F034FBB4" box="[1084,1301,1091,1113]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Brachylepis turmensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEE57D429124E1BC029FB85F0B8FBB4" box="[1311,1433,1091,1112]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype male. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B41636BD29124E1BC5F1FB02F623FAAF" blockId="3.[151,1435,1220,1347]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="86DDEAAF29124E1BC5F1FB02F422FB37" bold="true" box="[199,259,1220,1243]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Note.</emphasis>
This species was desribed from
<collectingCountry id="CCBE762D29124E1BC768FB02F785FB37" box="[606,676,1220,1243]" name="Kenya" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(Endara) and subsequently recorded also from
<collectingCountry id="CCBE762D29124E1BC1AAFB02F424FB11" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
Democratic Republic of the
<collectingRegion id="766DF85F29124E1BC588FB20F424FB11" box="[190,261,1254,1277]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Congo</collectingRegion>
</collectingCountry>
(Mahagi),
<collectingCountry id="CCBE762D29124E1BC44BFB20F4FCFB11" box="[381,477,1254,1277]" name="Tanzania" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
(Pare Mountains, Ruwuma near Songea), and
<collectingCountry id="CCBE762D29124E1BC6E7FB20F136FB11" box="[977,1047,1254,1277]" name="Kenya" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(Ikutha, Mount Elgon, Sagala Hills, Kibwezi, Mtito Andei, Voi) (Lacroix 2013). The studied specimens represent additional material from Voi. Detailed photographs of the species are presented for the first time.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

397
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.30.21430" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ec14c78-34d3-4506-b25b-1c48bb029285" ID-PMC="PMC5904494" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-30-41" ID-PubMed="29681732" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-4049-30-41" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 30" ModsDocTitle="The genus Parasola in Pakistan with the description of two new species" checkinTime="1519775336897" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hussain, Shah, Ahmad, Habib, Ullah, Sadiq, Afshan, Najam-Ul-Sehar, Pfister, Donald H., Sher, Hassan, Ali, Haidar &amp; Khalid, Abdul N." docDate="2018" docId="3C00B71AA7C13987C3A7CEBEB88960D7" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 30: 41-60" docOrigin="MycoKeys 30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.30.21430" docTitle="Parasola glabra Hussain, Afshan, Ahmad &amp; Khalid, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="FF951F0E565EFFB0FF973629FFC0FFF1" masterDocTitle="The genus Parasola in Pakistan with the description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1668135905006" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>The genus Parasola in Pakistan with the description of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hussain, Shah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Ahmad, Habib</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Ullah, Sadiq</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Afshan, Najam-Ul-Sehar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Pfister, Donald H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sher, Hassan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Ali, Haidar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:number>30</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="141242997" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C00B71AA7C13987C3A7CEBEB88960D7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C00B71AA7C13987C3A7CEBEB88960D7" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName LSID="MB819601" authority="Hussain, Afshan, Ahmad &amp; Khalid" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Parasola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Parasola glabra" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glabra">Parasola glabra Hussain, Afshan, Ahmad &amp; Khalid</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="44">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figures 4, 5
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
The diagnostic features of
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Parasola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Parasola glabra" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glabra">Parasola glabra</taxonomicName>
are grayish pileus, deeply plicate towards margin; disc slightly depressed, strong reddish orange; lamellae free, separated from the stipe by pseudocollarium; basidiospores 14.5-16.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
9.5-11.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
8.0-10.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, in front view broadly ovoid to oblong, some with rhomboidal outline, in side view ellipsoid, with eccentric germ-pore of 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
diam.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="44">PAKISTAN. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Malakand, Qaldara, scattered under herbaceous plants, 480 m alt., 15 August 2014, S. Hussain SHP5 (holotype: LAH SH-P5; GenBank accessions: ITS = KY461717; 28S = KY621806; TEF1α = KY461735).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
Pileus 20-30 mm diam, initially subglobose, later convex to hemispheric; at first smooth, without veil, the center glabrous at maturity, becoming deeply plicate towards the margin; light gray (2.5R 6/2) to moderate gray (7.5R 6/2); disc slightly depressed, strong reddish orange (7.5R 5/12). Lamellae free, fairly crowded, separated from the stipe by pseudocollarium, 0-2 lamellulae, regular, initially whitish, then dark brown becoming black at maturity, finally losing turgor and collapsing. Stipe 30-60
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3 mm, central, equal, smooth, slightly sub-bulbous at the base, hollow, white, fragile, without annulus.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
Figure 4. Basidiomata of
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Parasola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Parasola glabra" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glabra">Parasola glabra</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. A, B Collection SHP-5 (HOLOTYPE LAH-SHP-5). Scale bars: 20 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
Figure 5. Anatomical features of
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Parasola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Parasola glabra" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glabra">Parasola glabra</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (LAH-SHP-5). A Basidiospres B Basidia C Pleurocystidia D Pileipellis E Cheilocystidia. Scale bars: 12
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(A), 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–E">B-E</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
Basidiospores (13)14.5-16.5(18)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(7.5)9.5-11.5(15)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(9)8.0-10.5(11.5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, on average 15.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, Q1 = 1.3-1.5, Q2 = 1.4-1.6, avQ = 1.4; in face view broadly ovoid to oblong, some with rhomboidal outline, in side view ellipsoid, germ-pore eccentric and upto 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
diam; wall upto 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, dark brown to blackish in KOH. Basidia 28-41
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10-13
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, clavate to cylindrical, 4-spored, hyaline in KOH. Cheilocystidia 50-63
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
17-23
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, oblong, ellipsoid, narrowly to broadly utriform, hyaline. Pleurocystidia 60-75
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
22-38
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, clavate to broadly lageniform,
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="45" start="start">hyaline</pageBreakToken>
. Pileipellis hymeniform, consisting of clavate cells 47-60
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
13-16
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, bright yellow at the base in KOH. Clamp connections present mostly in the pileipellis and at the base of basidia. Sclerocystidia absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="45" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Saprotrophic, scattered under herbaceous plants on grass land. So far only known from the lowland of northern Pakistan. This species is, however, common in lowland northwest Pakistan.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="45" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
Specific epithet '
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Parasola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Parasola glabra" order="Agaricales" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glabra">glabra</taxonomicName>
' refers to the glabrous cap found in species of section
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Parasola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Parasola" order="Agaricales" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Parasola">Parasola</taxonomicName>
of the genus
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Parasola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Parasola" order="Agaricales" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Parasola</taxonomicName>
, where this species belongs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="45" type="additional specimen examined">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Additional specimen examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="45">PAKISTAN, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Malakand, Qaldara, 480 m alt., 28 May 2015, S. Hussain SHP23 (HUP SHP-23).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
The distinguishing features of the new species
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. glabra" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="glabra">P. glabra</taxonomicName>
are: basidiospores broadly ovoid to oblong, some with rhomboidal outline in face view, ellipsoid in side view, on range 14.5-16.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
9.5-11.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
8.0-10.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, pileus light gray to moderate gray but reddish orange at the disk, without sclerocystidia. Lacking sclerocystidia,
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. glabra" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="glabra">P. glabra</taxonomicName>
belongs
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="46" start="start">in</pageBreakToken>
section
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Parasola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Parasola" order="Agaricales" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Parasola">Parasola</taxonomicName>
. On basidiospore dimensions, it could be thought close to
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. plicatilis" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="plicatilis">P. plicatilis</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. megasperma" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="megasperma">P. megasperma</taxonomicName>
(P.D. Orton) Redhead, Vilgalys &amp; Hopple but these are distinguishable on the basis of spores shape, length and breadth together and on the color of the cap disk. Using maximum likelihood phylogeny, these two species are clearly distinct from
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. glabra" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="glabra">P. glabra</taxonomicName>
and, based on ITS and 28S loci, the more closely related species are:
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. hercules" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="hercules">P. hercules</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uljé">Ulje</normalizedToken>
&amp; Bas) Redhead, Vilgalys &amp; Hopple;
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. kuehneri" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="kuehneri">P. kuehneri</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uljé">Ulje</normalizedToken>
&amp; Bas) Redhead, Vilgalys &amp; Hopple;
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lilatincta" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="lilatincta">P. lilatincta</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. schroeteri" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="schroeteri">P. schroeteri</taxonomicName>
(P. Karst.) Redhead, Vilgalys &amp; Hopple. The new species can be distinguished from these species on account of basidiospore morphology: among these species,
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. hercules" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="hercules">P. hercules</taxonomicName>
has the largest spore breadth (11.3-16.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), followed by
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. schroeteri" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="schroeteri">P. schroeteri</taxonomicName>
(9-13
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
),
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. glabra" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="glabra">P. glabra</taxonomicName>
(9.5-11.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
),
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lilatincta" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="lilatincta">P. lilatincta</taxonomicName>
(9-11.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) and smallest spore breadth (5.5-8.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) in
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. kuehneri" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="kuehneri">P. kuehneri</taxonomicName>
. On the basis of basidiospore length/breadth ratio (Q1), the new taxon
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. glabra" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="glabra">P. glabra</taxonomicName>
(Q1 = 1.3-1.5), can be easily distinguished from these species: in
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. hercules" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="hercules">P. hercules</taxonomicName>
(Q1 = 1.04-1.28),
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. schroeteri" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="schroeteri">P. schroeteri</taxonomicName>
(Q1 = 1.16-1.27),
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lilatincta" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="lilatincta">P. lilatincta</taxonomicName>
(Q1 = 1.14-1.33) and
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. kuehneri" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="kuehneri">P. kuehneri</taxonomicName>
(Q1 = 1.12-1.28), respectively (
<bibRefCitation author="Nagy, LG" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" pagination="103 - 141" title="Type studies and nomenclatural revisions in Parasola (Psathyrellaceae) and related taxa." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/112.103" volume="112" year="2010">Nagy et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Schafer, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Field Mycology" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="77 - 99" title="The genus Parasola in Britain including Parasolacuniculorum sp. nov." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fldmyc.2014.06.004" volume="15" year="2014">Schafer 2014</bibRefCitation>
). Comparison of morphological characters of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. glabra" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="glabra">P. glabra</taxonomicName>
with regards to these and other species of section
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Parasola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Parasola" order="Agaricales" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Parasola">Parasola</taxonomicName>
genus
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Parasola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Parasola" order="Agaricales" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Parasola</taxonomicName>
are set out further in Table 2.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
Table 2. Characteristics distinguishing
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Parasola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Parasola glabra" order="Agaricales" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glabra">Parasola glabra</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. pseudolactea" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="pseudolactea">P. pseudolactea</taxonomicName>
from the remaining species in section
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Parasola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Parasola" order="Agaricales" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Parasola">Parasola</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<table pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">Taxa</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">Pileus diam; and pileus color</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">Stipe size</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
Basidiospores size, length/breadth (Q
<sub pageId="5" pageNumber="46">1</sub>
), length/width (Q
<sub pageId="5" pageNumber="46">2</sub>
) ratios
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">Basidiopores shape and germ-pore position</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">References</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. glabra" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="glabra">P. glabra</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">12</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. hercules" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="hercules">P. hercules</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Nagy, LG" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" pagination="103 - 141" title="Type studies and nomenclatural revisions in Parasola (Psathyrellaceae) and related taxa." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/112.103" volume="112" year="2010">Nagy et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation author="Schafer, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Field Mycology" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="77 - 99" title="The genus Parasola in Britain including Parasolacuniculorum sp. nov." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fldmyc.2014.06.004" volume="15" year="2014">Schafer 2014</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. kuehneri" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="kuehneri">P. kuehneri</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Nagy, LG" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" pagination="103 - 141" title="Type studies and nomenclatural revisions in Parasola (Psathyrellaceae) and related taxa." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/112.103" volume="112" year="2010">Nagy et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation author="Schafer, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Field Mycology" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="77 - 99" title="The genus Parasola in Britain including Parasolacuniculorum sp. nov." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fldmyc.2014.06.004" volume="15" year="2014">Schafer 2014</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lactea" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="lactea">P. lactea</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Nagy, LG" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" pagination="103 - 141" title="Type studies and nomenclatural revisions in Parasola (Psathyrellaceae) and related taxa." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/112.103" volume="112" year="2010">Nagy et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation author="Schafer, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Field Mycology" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="77 - 99" title="The genus Parasola in Britain including Parasolacuniculorum sp. nov." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fldmyc.2014.06.004" volume="15" year="2014">Schafer 2014</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. pseudolactea" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="pseudolactea">P. pseudolactea</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">12</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lilatincta" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="lilatincta">P. lilatincta</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Ulje, CB" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="373 - 381" title="Additional studies in CoprinussubsectionGlabri." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/531692" volume="16" year="1997">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uljé">Ulje</normalizedToken>
and Bender 1997
</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation author="Nagy, LG" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" pagination="103 - 141" title="Type studies and nomenclatural revisions in Parasola (Psathyrellaceae) and related taxa." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/112.103" volume="112" year="2010">Nagy et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation author="Schafer, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Field Mycology" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="77 - 99" title="The genus Parasola in Britain including Parasolacuniculorum sp. nov." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fldmyc.2014.06.004" volume="15" year="2014">Schafer 2014</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation author="Hussain, S" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" pagination="317 - 323" title="First record of Parasolalilatincta from Pakistan." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/131.317" volume="131" year="2016">Hussain et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. megasperma" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="megasperma">P. megasperma</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Nagy, LG" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" pagination="103 - 141" title="Type studies and nomenclatural revisions in Parasola (Psathyrellaceae) and related taxa." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/112.103" volume="112" year="2010">Nagy et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation author="Schafer, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Field Mycology" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="77 - 99" title="The genus Parasola in Britain including Parasolacuniculorum sp. nov." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fldmyc.2014.06.004" volume="15" year="2014">Schafer 2014</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. misera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="misera">P. misera</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Schafer, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Field Mycology" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="77 - 99" title="The genus Parasola in Britain including Parasolacuniculorum sp. nov." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fldmyc.2014.06.004" volume="15" year="2014">Schafer 2014</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. plicatilis" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="plicatilis">P. plicatilis</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Nagy, LG" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" pagination="103 - 141" title="Type studies and nomenclatural revisions in Parasola (Psathyrellaceae) and related taxa." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/112.103" volume="112" year="2010">Nagy et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation author="Schafer, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Field Mycology" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="77 - 99" title="The genus Parasola in Britain including Parasolacuniculorum sp. nov." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fldmyc.2014.06.004" volume="15" year="2014">Schafer 2014</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. schroeteri" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="schroeteri">P. schroeteri</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Ulje, CB" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="373 - 381" title="Additional studies in CoprinussubsectionGlabri." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/531692" volume="16" year="1997">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uljé">Ulje</normalizedToken>
and Bender 1997
</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation author="Nagy, LG" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" pagination="103 - 141" title="Type studies and nomenclatural revisions in Parasola (Psathyrellaceae) and related taxa." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/112.103" volume="112" year="2010">Nagy et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation author="Schafer, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Field Mycology" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" pagination="77 - 99" title="The genus Parasola in Britain including Parasolacuniculorum sp. nov." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fldmyc.2014.06.004" volume="15" year="2014">Schafer 2014</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<subSubSection id="FCB1DCFE2714FF8BFFC8881B0CBE5D6E" box="[113,741,1302,1327]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFFC8881B0CBE5D6E" blockId="1.[113,741,1302,1327]" box="[113,741,1302,1327]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<heading id="EF5C38192714FF8BFFC8881B0CBE5D6E" box="[113,741,1302,1327]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" reason="2">
<treatmentCitation id="350AA9642714FF8BFFC8881B0CBA5D6E" author="" box="[113,737,1302,1327]" journal="Pl. Orient." page="133" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" score="0.41806851306822396" volume="6" year="1846">
<taxonomicName id="73ABF4F62714FF8BFFC8881B0C3B5D6E" ID-CoL="S6Q2" authority="Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient." box="[113,608,1302,1327]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hyalolepis">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFFC8881B0F165D6F" bold="true" box="[113,333,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Centaurea hyalolepis</emphasis>
Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient.
</taxonomicName>
6: 133. 1846
</treatmentCitation>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB1DCFE2714FF8BFF2E88490EAF5E4E" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFF2E88490FD45D38" blockId="1.[151,763,1346,1402]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BBA85B2714FF8BFF2E88490FD45D38" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName id="73ABF4F62714FF8BFF04884E0CB65D1B" ID-CoL="S6Q2" authority="(Boiss.) Boiss., F" authorityName="Boiss., F" baseAuthorityName="Boiss." box="[189,749,1346,1370]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="pallescens" variety="hyalolepis">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFF04884E0FCA5D1B" box="[189,401,1346,1370]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Centaurea pallescens</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFE7C884E0C725D1B" box="[453,553,1346,1370]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">hyalolepis</emphasis>
(Boiss.) Boiss., F
</taxonomicName>
1.
<treatmentCitation id="350AA9642714FF8BFF04886E0FD05D38" author="Boiss." box="[189,395,1377,1402]" journal="Orient." page="691" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" score="0.41806851306822396" volume="3" year="1875">
<bibCitation id="618187192714FF8BFF04886E0FD05D38" box="[189,395,1377,1402]" journal="Orient." page="691" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" score="0.41806851306822396" volume="3" year="1875">Orient. 3: 691. 1875</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFF2E88830C1A5D85" blockId="1.[151,764,1420,1477]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BBA85B2714FF8BFF2E88830C1A5D85" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName id="73ABF4F62714FF8BFF0488810CFD5DE5" ID-CoL="S6Q2" authority="(Boiss.) Gugler" authorityName="Gugler" baseAuthorityName="Boiss." box="[189,678,1420,1444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" form="hyalolepis" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="form" species="pallescens">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFF0488810FDC5DE5" box="[189,391,1420,1444]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Centaurea pallescens</emphasis>
f.
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFE2688800FA55DE5" box="[415,510,1420,1444]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">hyalolepis</emphasis>
(Boiss.) Gugler
</taxonomicName>
in Ann. Hist.-
<treatmentCitation id="350AA9642714FF8BFF4588A00C655D85" author="Boiss." box="[252,574,1452,1477]" journal="Nat. Mus. Hung." page="209" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" score="111.56724195727335" volume="6" year="1908">
<bibCitation id="618187192714FF8BFF4588A00C655D85" box="[252,574,1452,1477]" journal="Nat. Mus. Hung." page="209" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" score="111.56724195727335" volume="6" year="1908">
Nat.
<collectingRegion id="766F41972714FF8BFE8A88A10F3D5D85" box="[307,358,1453,1476]" country="Turkey" name="Mus" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Mus</collectingRegion>
. Hung. 6: 209. 1908
</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFF2E88D60EAF5E4E" blockId="1.[151,764,1495,1551]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BBA85B2714FF8BFF2E88D60EAF5E4E" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<treatmentCitation id="350AA9642714FF8BFF0488DB0EAB5E4E" author="Holub" journal="Preslia" page="227" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" score="9.729594737742866" volume="46" year="1974">
<taxonomicName id="73ABF4F62714FF8BFF0488DB0C6C5DAE" ID-CoL="BMRZR" authority="(Boiss.) Holub" authorityName="Holub" baseAuthorityName="Boiss." box="[189,567,1495,1519]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Calcitrapa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hyalolepis">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFF0488DB0FCA5DAE" box="[189,401,1495,1519]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Calcitrapa hyalolepis</emphasis>
(Boiss.) Holub
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibCitation id="618187192714FF8BFDE588DB0EAB5E4E" journal="Preslia" page="227" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" score="9.729594737742866" volume="46" year="1974">Preslia 46: 227. 1974</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB1DCFE2714FF8BFF2E8B2E0A735B8E" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFF2E8B2E0CA55E1B" blockId="1.[151,766,1569,1626]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
Type: “Hab. In
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFE818B2E0F365E7B" box="[312,365,1570,1594]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFE818B2E0F365E7B" box="[312,365,1570,1594]" name="Syria" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Syriâ</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
Aucher No. 3136, inter
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFDDA8B2E0CF45E7B" box="[611,687,1570,1594]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Bagdad</emphasis>
et
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFD768B2E0CA75E7B" box="[719,764,1570,1594]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<collectingRegion id="766F41972714FF8BFD768B2E0CA75E7B" box="[719,764,1570,1594]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Alep</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
Olivier, inter
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFE9B8B4E0F145E1B" box="[290,335,1602,1626]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<collectingRegion id="766F41972714FF8BFE9B8B4E0F145E1B" box="[290,335,1602,1626]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Alep</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
et
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFED68B4E0F9B5E1B" box="[367,448,1602,1626]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Mossoul</emphasis>
Kotschy herb. Mus. Vindob.”.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFF2E8B600C9C5F25" blockId="1.[151,764,1644,1892]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<materialsCitation id="04C385282714FF8BFF2E8B600E8E5EA5" collectionCode="K" country="Iraq" location="Kotschy" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="G00758957, K000794203, K000794204" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFF2E8B600F425EC5" bold="true" box="[151,281,1644,1668]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<typeStatus id="6B1031D72714FF8BFF2E8B600F425EC5" box="[151,281,1644,1668]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="lectotype">Lectotypus</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(designated here):
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFE4D8B600C685EC5" bold="true" box="[500,563,1644,1668]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFE4D8B600C705EC5" box="[500,555,1644,1668]" name="Iraq" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">IRAQ</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
“Inter Amaner et Tschalaga”, 1843,
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFEF08B800FE65EE5" box="[329,445,1676,1700]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<location id="B174D9AE2714FF8BFEF08B800FC85EE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C023E632714FF88FFC8881B0C1B598E:B174D9AE2714FF8BFEF08B800FC85EE5" box="[329,403,1676,1700]" country="Iraq" name="Kotschy" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Kotschy</location>
360
</emphasis>
(G-BOIS [
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFD8F8B800CE95EE5" box="[566,690,1676,1700]" collectionCode="G" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">G00758957</specimenCode>
] image seen; isolecto-:
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFEF58BA10F045E85" box="[332,351,1709,1732]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFED68BA00C5E5E85" box="[367,517,1708,1732]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">K000794203</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFDAA8BA00CF25E85" box="[531,681,1708,1732]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">K000794204</specimenCode>
] image seen)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="04C385282714FF8BFF598BC00C415F65" collectionCode="P" country="Iraq" location="Olivier" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="G00472929, P00703822, P00703823, P00703824" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baghdad" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFF598BC00FDD5EA5" bold="true" box="[224,390,1740,1764]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<typeStatus id="6B1031D72714FF8BFF598BC00F675EA5" box="[224,316,1740,1764]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="syntype">Syntypi</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFEF18BC00F245EA5" box="[328,383,1740,1764]" name="Iraq" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">IRAQ</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
“de
<collectingRegion id="766F41972714FF8BFE008BC00C565EA5" box="[441,525,1740,1764]" country="Iraq" name="Baghdad" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Bagdad</collectingRegion>
à Alep”, s.d.,
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFD178BC00EE75F45" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<location id="B174D9AE2714FF8BFD178BC00CA05EA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C023E632714FF88FFC8881B0C1B598E:B174D9AE2714FF8BFD178BC00CA05EA5" box="[686,763,1740,1764]" country="Iraq" name="Olivier" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" stateProvince="Baghdad">Olivier</location>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(G-DC [
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFE958BE00FE35F45" box="[300,440,1772,1796]" collectionCode="G" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">G00472929</specimenCode>
] image seen,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFDED8BE10C3F5F45" box="[596,612,1773,1796]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFDCD8BE00CAD5F45" box="[628,758,1772,1796]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">P00703822</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFF2E8A000F565F65" box="[151,269,1804,1828]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">P00703823</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFEAE8A000FCB5F65" box="[279,400,1804,1828]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">P00703824</specimenCode>
] image seen)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="04C385282714FF8BFD9A8A000C9F5F25" collectionCode="K, P" country="Syria" location="Aucher-Eloy" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="G00473282, K000794205, P00703825, P00703826" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFD9A8A000C305F65" bold="true" box="[547,619,1804,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFD9A8A000C3F5F65" box="[547,612,1804,1828]" name="Syria" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">SYRIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFDC98A010CE45F65" box="[624,703,1804,1828]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">sine loco</emphasis>
, 1837,
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFF2E8A200F115F05" box="[151,330,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<location id="B174D9AE2714FF8BFF2E8A200F4F5F05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C023E632714FF88FFC8881B0C1B598E:B174D9AE2714FF8BFF2E8A200F4F5F05" box="[151,276,1836,1860]" country="Syria" name="Aucher-Eloy" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Aucher-Eloy</location>
3136
</emphasis>
(G-DC [
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFE168A200C6E5F05" box="[431,565,1836,1860]" collectionCode="G" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">G00473282</specimenCode>
]!,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFDF18A210C005F05" box="[584,603,1837,1860]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFDD18A200CAD5F05" box="[616,758,1836,1860]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">K000794205</specimenCode>
] image seen,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFEA18A410F735F25" box="[280,296,1869,1892]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFE8C8A400FEB5F25" box="[309,432,1868,1892]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">P00703825</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFE038A400C6D5F25" box="[442,566,1868,1892]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">P00703826</specimenCode>
] image seen)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFCFE8C1B0A7B598F" blockId="1.[801,1451,279,463]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFCFE8C1B0D9D596E" box="[839,966,279,303]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Distribution</emphasis>
. –
<taxonomicName id="73ABF4F62714FF8BFC5C8C1B0AE8596E" box="[997,1203,279,303]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hyalolepis">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFC5C8C1B0AE8596E" box="[997,1203,279,303]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Centaurea hyalolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is widely distributed in
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFC988C3B0D2B590E" box="[801,880,311,335]" name="Cyprus" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFCC38C3B0D81590E" box="[890,986,311,335]" name="Palestine" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Palestine</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFC5C8C3B0A77590E" box="[997,1068,311,335]" name="Jordan" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Jordan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFB8F8C3B0ACC590E" box="[1078,1175,311,335]" name="Lebanon" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFB1B8C3B0AEA590E" box="[1186,1201,311,335]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFB0E8C3B0ABF590F" box="[1207,1252,311,334]" name="Iran" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Iran</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFB578C3B0B41590F" box="[1262,1306,311,334]" name="Iraq" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Iraq</collectingCountry>
,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFA9C8C3B0B1A590F" box="[1317,1345,311,334]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFAFE8C3B0B25590E" box="[1351,1406,311,335]" name="Syria" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Syria</collectingCountry>
and
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFC988C5B0D68592F" box="[801,819,343,366]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFC808C5B0DD8592E" box="[825,899,343,367]" name="Turkey" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Turkey</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03AF2842714FF8BFC2A8C5B0A17592E" author="WAGENITZ, G." box="[915,1100,343,367]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" pagination="343 - 394" refId="ref1742" refString="WAGENITZ, G. (2006). A revision of Centaurea (Compositae-Cardueae) in the flora of Iraq. Rostaniha 7, suppl. 2: 343 - 394." type="journal article" year="2006">WAGENITZ, 2006</bibRefCitation>
). It is an Irano–Turanian element and grows in sandy clay plain, riverine thicket, waste, fallow and cultivated land, especially along irrigation channels, at elevations of
<quantity id="735322902714FF8BFC178CBB0A47598F" box="[942,1052,438,463]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" unit="m" value="250.0" valueMax="450.0" valueMin="50.0">
50–
<specimenCount id="A2AD44FC2714FF8BFC6E8CBB0A47598F" box="[983,1052,439,463]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="generic">450 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFCFE8CF40AE25AEE" blockId="1.[801,1454,503,975]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFCFE8CF40D255A4E" box="[839,894,504,527]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Notes</emphasis>
. – Three
<typeStatus id="6B1031D72714FF8BFC668CFB0A615A4E" box="[991,1082,503,527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
collections were cited by
<bibRefCitation id="D03AF2842714FF8BFAF38CFB0D3F5A6E" author="BOISSIER, E." pageId="1" pageNumber="146" refId="ref1488" refString="BOISSIER, E. (1846). Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum 6. Leipzig." type="book" year="1846">BOISSIER (1846)</bibRefCitation>
in the protologue:
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFB8E8F1B0AB45A6E" box="[1079,1263,535,559]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Aucher-Eloy 3136</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFB458F1B0B2C5A6E" box="[1276,1399,535,559]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Kotschy 360</emphasis>
, and
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFC988F3B0DC85A0E" box="[801,915,567,591]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Olivier s.n.</emphasis>
The specimen
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFB898F3B0AFD5A0E" box="[1072,1190,567,591]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Kotschy 360</emphasis>
deposited in G-BOIS is designated here as the
<typeStatus id="6B1031D72714FF8BFBA88F5B0A2A5A2E" box="[1041,1137,599,623]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
because it is the only original material in G-BOIS and the specimen shows all the relevant characters in regard to the protologue.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFCFE8FBB0A735B8E" blockId="1.[801,1454,503,975]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<materialsCitation id="04C385282714FF8BFCFE8FBB0A7F5B8E" collectionCode="HRB, MUSEI, PALAT" collectorName="Pl. Mesopot." location="Kurdistan" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="K000794203, K000794204" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kordestan" typeStatus="lectotype">
On the label of the
<typeStatus id="6B1031D72714FF8BFB998FBB0AD85A8E" box="[1056,1155,695,719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
is printed: “
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFAB38FBB0B1D5A8E" box="[1290,1350,695,719]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15704" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15704" name="IBGE" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">HRB</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFAEB8FBB0D225AAE" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">MUSEI PALAT</collectionCode>
. VINDOB.” and handwritten the locality as above. Another label has handwritten: “
<taxonomicName id="73ABF4F62714FF8BFB148FFB0DD85B6E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="pallescens" variety="hyalolepis">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFB148FFB0BCA5B4E" box="[1197,1425,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Centaurea pallescens</emphasis>
v.
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFC988E1B0DD85B6E" box="[801,899,791,815]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">hyalolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="73ABF4F62714FF8BFC258E1B0A9C5B6E" authority="! Boiss." authorityName="Boiss." box="[924,1223,791,815]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hyalolepis">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFC258E1B0A345B6E" box="[924,1135,791,815]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Centaurea hyalolepis</emphasis>
! Boiss.
</taxonomicName>
”. On the label of the isolectotype
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFC1C8E3B0A775B0E" box="[933,1068,823,847]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">K000794203</specimenCode>
is printed: “
<collectorName id="195EEAA32714FF8BFB158E3B0B6E5B0F" box="[1196,1333,823,847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Pl. Mesopot.</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion id="766F41972714FF8BFA878E3B0BF35B0E" box="[1342,1448,823,847]" country="Iran" name="Kordestan" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Kurdistan</collectingRegion>
. &amp; Mossul. Kotschy. 1841.” and handwritten: “360
<taxonomicName id="73ABF4F62714FF8BFA858E5B0D875BCE" authority="Boiss." authorityName="Boiss." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hyalolepis">Centaurea hyalolepis Boiss.</taxonomicName>
”, but the specimen
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFB008E7B0B135BCE" box="[1209,1352,887,911]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">K000794204</specimenCode>
has only a printed label with: “
<collectorName id="195EEAA32714FF8BFBA08E9B0AF75BEF" box="[1049,1196,919,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Pl. Mesopot.</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion id="766F41972714FF8BFB018E9B0B725BEE" box="[1208,1321,919,943]" country="Iran" name="Kordestan" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Kurdistan</collectingRegion>
. &amp; Mossul. Kotschy. 1841” indicated
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB1DCFE2714FF8BFC988EFB0D0D5C6E" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFC988EFB0D0D5C6E" blockId="1.[801,1453,1014,1071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BBA85B2714FF8BFC988EFB0D0D5C6E" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName id="73ABF4F62714FF8BFC988EFB0ADD5C4E" ID-CoL="S6V9" authority="Boiss. &amp; Hausskn." authorityName="Boiss. &amp; Hausskn." box="[801,1158,1014,1039]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laxa">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFC988EFB0D9B5C4F" bold="true" box="[801,960,1014,1039]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Centaurea laxa</emphasis>
Boiss. &amp; Hausskn.
</taxonomicName>
in Boiss., F1.
<treatmentCitation id="350AA9642714FF8BFAAC8EFB0D095C6E" author="Boiss. &amp; Hausskn." journal="Orient." page="640" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" score="0.41806851306822396" volume="3" year="1875">
<bibCitation id="618187192714FF8BFAAC8EFB0D095C6E" journal="Orient." page="640" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" score="0.41806851306822396" volume="3" year="1875">Orient. 3: 640. 1875</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB1DCFE2714FF88FCFE894E0C1B598E" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFCFE894E0AF15CDB" blockId="1.[839,1451,1090,1178]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Type: “Hab. in agris et desertis Mesopotamiae inter Orfa et Kharran et ad fluv. Chabur (Haussk!), in monte Gebel Belas deserti ad Palmyram (Bl!)”.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFCFE89A00AF05DA5" blockId="1.[839,1452,1196,1508]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<materialsCitation id="04C385282714FF8BFCFE89A00B185D65" collectingDate="1865-05-10" collectionCode="E, JE, W" collectorName="Haussknecht" country="Turkey" location="TURKEY" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="G00334039, E00383946, JE00015651, JE00015652, W0044960" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFCFE89A00D885C85" bold="true" box="[839,979,1196,1220]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<typeStatus id="6B1031D72714FF8BFCFE89A00D885C85" box="[839,979,1196,1220]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="lectotype">Lectotypus</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(designated here):
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFB7689A00B6C5C85" bold="true" box="[1231,1335,1196,1220]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFB7689A00B745C85" box="[1231,1327,1196,1220]" name="Turkey" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">TURKEY</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
“in agris inter Orfa &amp; Hkarran”,
<date id="C015A9B52714FF8BFBD789C00ABB5CA5" box="[1134,1248,1228,1252]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" value="1865-05-10">
<collectingDate id="D051505D2714FF8BFBD789C00ABB5CA5" box="[1134,1248,1228,1252]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" value="1865-05-10">10.V.1865</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFB4889C00BF05CA5" box="[1265,1451,1228,1252]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<collectorName id="195EEAA32714FF8BFB4889C00B215CA5" box="[1265,1402,1228,1252]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Haussknecht</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(G-BOIS [
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFC7889E00A155D45" box="[961,1102,1260,1284]" collectionCode="G" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">G00334039</specimenCode>
]!; isolecto-:
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFB6889E10AB85D45" box="[1233,1251,1261,1284]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFB4B89E00B215D45" box="[1266,1402,1260,1284]" collectionCode="E" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">E00383946</specimenCode>
]!,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFA2989E10BF05D45" box="[1424,1451,1261,1284]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15444" name="Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">JE</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFCED88000D8E5D65" box="[852,981,1292,1316]" collectionCode="JE" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15444" name="Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">JE00015651</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFC5988000A305D65" box="[992,1131,1292,1316]" collectionCode="JE" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15444" name="Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">JE00015652</specimenCode>
]!,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFBC788010AC15D65" box="[1150,1178,1293,1316]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFB1188000B6A5D65" box="[1192,1329,1292,1316]" collectionCode="W" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">W0044960</specimenCode>
]!)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="04C385282714FF8BFAF788000D8C5DE5" collectingDate="1867-05" collectionCode="BM, JE, K, P" collectorName="Haussknecht" country="Iraq" location="IRAQ" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="BM000906196, G00759563, JE00015649, K000794083, P00646492, P04092726" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFAF788000DDD5D05" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<typeStatus id="6B1031D72714FF8BFAF788000BFC5D65" box="[1358,1447,1292,1316]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="syntype">Syntypi</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFCFE88200D255D05" box="[839,894,1324,1348]" name="Iraq" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">IRAQ</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
“In deserto fl. Chabur”,
<date id="C015A9B52714FF8BFB1888200AB65D05" box="[1185,1261,1324,1348]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" value="1867-05">
<collectingDate id="D051505D2714FF8BFB1888200AB65D05" box="[1185,1261,1324,1348]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" value="1867-05">V.1867</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFB4088200BF05D05" box="[1273,1451,1324,1348]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<collectorName id="195EEAA32714FF8BFB4088200B275D05" box="[1273,1404,1324,1348]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Haussknecht</collectorName>
589
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFCF688400D255D25" box="[847,894,1356,1380]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">BM</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFC2988400A145D25" box="[912,1103,1356,1380]" collectionCode="BM" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">BM000906196</specimenCode>
]!, G-BOIS [
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFB5A88400B2E5D25" box="[1251,1397,1356,1380]" collectionCode="G" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">G00759563</specimenCode>
]!,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFA3688410BF15D25" box="[1423,1450,1357,1380]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15444" name="Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">JE</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFCEF88600DA85DC5" box="[854,1011,1388,1412]" collectionCode="JE" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15444" name="Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">JE00015649</specimenCode>
]!,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFBB488610A7B5DC5" box="[1037,1056,1389,1412]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFB8D88600A815DC5" box="[1076,1242,1388,1412]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">K000794083</specimenCode>
]!,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFB4F88610B5D5DC5" box="[1270,1286,1389,1412]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFAA088600BFE5DC5" box="[1305,1445,1388,1412]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">P00646492</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFCFE88800D9D5DE5" box="[839,966,1420,1444]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">P04092726</specimenCode>
]!)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="04C385282714FF8BFC5988800AF35DA5" collectingDate="1857-05-19" collectionCode="JE, P" country="Syria" location="Hama" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="G00759565, JE00015650, P00646493" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hamah" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFC5988800A735DE5" bold="true" box="[992,1064,1420,1444]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFC5988800A7F5DE5" box="[992,1060,1420,1444]" name="Syria" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">SYRIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
“De
<collectingRegion id="766F41972714FF8BFBE788810AFB5DE5" box="[1118,1184,1421,1444]" country="Syria" name="Hamah" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Hama</collectingRegion>
à Palmyre. Dauch Djebel Belas”,
<date id="C015A9B52714FF8BFC2B88A00DAF5D85" box="[914,1012,1452,1476]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" value="1857-05-19">
<collectingDate id="D051505D2714FF8BFC2B88A00DAF5D85" box="[914,1012,1452,1476]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" value="1857-05-19">19.V.1857</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFC4488A00AD85D85" box="[1021,1155,1452,1476]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Blanche 3409</emphasis>
(G-BOIS [
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFB4588A00B265D85" box="[1276,1405,1452,1476]" collectionCode="G" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">G00759565</specimenCode>
]!,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFA2988A10BF05D85" box="[1424,1451,1453,1476]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15444" name="Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">JE</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFCED88C00D855DA5" box="[852,990,1484,1508]" collectionCode="JE" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15444" name="Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">JE00015650</specimenCode>
]!,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFC4B88C10A595DA5" box="[1010,1026,1485,1508]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E40D270E2714FF8BFBB688C00ACD5DA5" box="[1039,1174,1484,1508]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">P00646493</specimenCode>
]!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFCFE8B000A6A5EE5" blockId="1.[801,1452,1548,1700]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFCFE8B000D9C5E65" box="[839,967,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Distribution</emphasis>
. –
<taxonomicName id="73ABF4F62714FF8BFC5E8B010AD95E65" box="[999,1154,1548,1572]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laxa">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFC5E8B010AD95E65" box="[999,1154,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Centaurea laxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a restricted distribution in SE
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFCDC8B200DF45E05" box="[869,943,1580,1604]" name="Turkey" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Turkey</collectingCountry>
,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02714FF8BFC008B210D955E05" box="[953,974,1581,1604]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFC6F8B200A565E05" box="[982,1037,1580,1604]" name="Syria" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Syria</collectingCountry>
and as occasional in the western lower steppe region of
<collectingCountry id="CCBCCFE52714FF8BFC6B8B410DA55E25" box="[978,1022,1613,1636]" name="Iraq" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Iraq</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03AF2842714FF8BFBB78B400A9B5E25" author="WAGENITZ, G." box="[1038,1216,1612,1636]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" pagination="465 - 585" refId="ref1709" refString="WAGENITZ, G. (1975). Centaurea L. In: DAVIS, P. H. (ed.), Fl. Turkey 5: 465 - 585." type="journal article" year="1975">WAGENITZ, 1975</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D03AF2842714FF8BFB738B400B585E25" author="WAGENITZ, G." box="[1226,1283,1612,1636]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" pagination="343 - 394" refId="ref1742" refString="WAGENITZ, G. (2006). A revision of Centaurea (Compositae-Cardueae) in the flora of Iraq. Rostaniha 7, suppl. 2: 343 - 394." type="journal article" year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
). It is an IranoTuranian element and grows on calcareous-gypsiferous soil, at elevations of
<quantity id="735322902714FF8BFC178B800A765EE5" box="[942,1069,1675,1700]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" unit="m" value="450.0" valueMax="700.0" valueMin="200.0">
200–
<specimenCount id="A2AD44FC2714FF8BFC5F8B800A765EE5" box="[998,1069,1676,1700]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="generic">700 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4148F752714FF8BFCFE8BC10A855F25" blockId="1.[801,1454,1740,1892]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFCFE8BC10D245EA5" box="[839,895,1741,1764]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Notes</emphasis>
. –
<bibRefCitation id="D03AF2842714FF8BFC198BC00A125EA5" author="BOISSIER, E." box="[928,1097,1740,1764]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" pagination="614 - 695" refId="ref1504" refString="BOISSIER, E. (1875). Centaurea. Fl. Orient. 3: 614 - 695." type="journal article" year="1875">BOISSIER (1875)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned
<specimenCount id="A2AD44FC2714FF8BFB728BC00B3E5EA4" box="[1227,1381,1740,1765]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">three syntypes</specimenCount>
in the protologue:
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFC278BE00A1B5F45" box="[926,1088,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Haussknecht s.n.</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFBF38BE00A9F5F45" box="[1098,1220,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Haussknecht</emphasis>
589 and
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFA998BE00BFC5F45" box="[1312,1447,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Blanche 3409</emphasis>
. Original material of all
<specimenCount id="A2AD44FC2714FF8BFB928A000A9B5F64" box="[1067,1216,1804,1829]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="generic" typeStatus="syntype">three syntype</specimenCount>
have been located in G-BOIS.
<emphasis id="86DF53672714FF8BFC378A200A6E5F05" box="[910,1077,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Haussknecht s.n.</emphasis>
is designated here as the
<typeStatus id="6B1031D72714FF8BFAF38A200BF05F05" box="[1354,1451,1836,1860]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
because it is the best preserved collection.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4148F752717FF88FF178C1B0CE7592E" blockId="2.[136,786,279,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<materialsCitation id="04C385282717FF88FF178C1B0CEC592E" collectionCode="E, JE, W" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
The labels on the isolectotypes collections in
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02717FF88FD3C8C1B0CC3596F" box="[645,664,279,302]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02717FF88FD1A8C1B0CE4596F" box="[675,703,279,302]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15444" name="Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="Herbarium">JE</collectionCode>
, and
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02717FF88FD4F8C1B0D49596F" box="[758,786,279,302]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
slightly differ from the
<typeStatus id="6B1031D72717FF88FE338C3B0FB5590E" box="[394,494,311,335]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, with the
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02717FF88FDE48C3B0C22590F" box="[605,633,311,334]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15444" name="Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="Herbarium">JE</collectionCode>
sheets noting “nº 458”; the
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02717FF88FEAA8C5B0F7E592F" box="[275,293,343,366]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02717FF88FEE38C5B0F2D592F" box="[346,374,343,366]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
sheets stating “alt. 1000 ped.”
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4148F752717FF88FF178C7B0C1B598E" blockId="2.[136,786,279,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
The four duplicates of the
<typeStatus id="6B1031D72717FF88FE548C7B0C0A59CE" box="[493,593,375,399]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="syntype">syntypus</typeStatus>
<emphasis id="86DF53672717FF88FDE28C7B0D4959CE" box="[603,786,375,399]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Haussknecht 589</emphasis>
deposited in
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02717FF88FEAA8C9B0F1B59EF" box="[275,320,407,430]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">BM</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02717FF88FEF38C9B0F0659EF" box="[330,349,407,430]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="D2BA17B02717FF88FE2A8C9B0FF859EF" box="[403,419,407,430]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
have similar label as the G-BOIS collection, but lacking collection number.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

192
data/3C/02/51/3C02510773AC832C6CAE620E7DBBC540.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
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<taxonomicName id="3B224FC91724057E32BEBD7E21AE9AF8" ID-CoL="3FJ9B" ID-ENA="2882012" authority="Villers, 1789" authorityName="Villers" authorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis bicolor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">Gelis bicolor (Villers, 1789)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="9BD80A84C80D59A0B7D052D905FA9FFB" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ichneumon bicolor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">Ichneumon bicolor</taxonomicName>
Villers, 1789
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC5BAC979BB3E1CD375DD93F429124B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="E83F3B194F5319AAB9146C94AA45458E" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina alacer" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="alacer">alacer</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="AC72B23FAD10A3BE98E7719782AD168B" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1850,
<taxonomicName id="89727E2AF593A5958FC03C180003429F" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8172A04A54B7A89E3493D32F659C497A" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="924B34F8AF2D3CA050E60811C9453586" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina brachyurus" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="brachyurus">brachyurus</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="138A52A3E804442D86D62D60F8D63114" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1850,
<taxonomicName id="C769F7C1A0675F84E57F77109DF936B4" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E63D364D2A66FF3F435359B17CB4992F" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="CBE0932A8507409BE397164D3704C0D2" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina distinctus" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="distinctus">distinctus</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="BEA5907D9AC88CF64D4BAF872F4F7A9A" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1850,
<taxonomicName id="86473D0160829EF05DF1B11D4F82EB7F" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE20726DFEAAE019A00B240E401FD5EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="C58C81BA1AA03B647F661DD4B7638B9F" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina furtivus" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="furtivus">furtivus</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="694BC526EC8277F61F7999BD5C3F73A1" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1850,
<taxonomicName id="85DCFE6D285D016B2EC95BA02000A216" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C855F87E82CDC2B38C2A8211B42019B" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="FB0EDEE00E94FBA6FAFF1B9A5DC57A8E" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina incertus" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="incertus">incertus</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="96B7C2213664F3E8EB873554E811B316" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1850,
<taxonomicName id="9C3DADFF83F7D0DDD4100E9F3B1A0BA8" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E87A9C05E319440DEC097F7E0BDD07B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="D5DD2AFDFE3DC9BB1BD5B820E5EDA8C2" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina molestus" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="molestus">molestus</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="DB2D0B649F383BAA0F2992DE9EE6DE96" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1850,
<taxonomicName id="F912313128049EDB2843B8FB8BE2E31C" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="64CF71FB899B81D616EAB6AA4B6F5E6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="0921113A8C51364AB07013B2CC09D246" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina muelleri" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="muelleri">muelleri</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="5B1D6D8AF607D4C1A892103E6FA37C65" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1850,
<taxonomicName id="EC57059F47D467D07A6F81ADC524B4F6" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C59D3BCBFD0274C92AC1E7660BD89020" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="802589B32D3407C597AC4AB8ACF763C1" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina petulans" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="petulans">petulans</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="9D18D50BB8C76A0740B3CA2E4592741A" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1850,
<taxonomicName id="899859419AE7CF001B32FB22DBF786A2" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5C43166568A7DFDE440D3F0CD029DE2A" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="F837D63D61FC97AEEDEE1314B7B8A08A" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina sordidus" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="sordidus">sordidus</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="0BA18B54742CF794CBD6BE40C9925300" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1850,
<taxonomicName id="C098D7303B3C445519BC89A43D784DFE" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A2E12217C77E3C1BFB38D2062AAB6DEE" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="9F02DAB44B2330B8D950139E391D9003" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina spadiceus" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="spadiceus">spadiceus</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="C3CD3EDFE981FCD63D83A24817E4A928" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1850,
<taxonomicName id="C4702A03C551250829C11DDC48BB6A4A" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7035D2F6D5617FC7E84EDD53E91AB155" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="4E5891EBBBFE3EBAADBCD6B08AA2A34F" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina timidus" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="timidus">timidus</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="8DB77B41A79DA9E22CC6B643B7821437" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1850,
<taxonomicName id="DA2574C562D6281EEB5BA461D5F48F5F" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5CFE11D35506AB6692AAD726F810FB8C" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="3E70A02937D1617261FB78C3ED85445C" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina vicinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="vicinus">vicinus</taxonomicName>
(
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, 1850,
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)
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<paragraph id="33C62ECA13B82D94C5986F9086AB7322" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="4798443581ADB3268EBE74221B05BF3C" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina fusculus" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="fusculus">fusculus</taxonomicName>
(
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, 1851,
<taxonomicName id="5C6AB4297412981A06CFFF7243F7D617" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8429E66653B36EAF82E7E24B3360D270" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="0C622803A7F2D40B70952AB692E336D9" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina rigii" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="rigii">rigii</taxonomicName>
(De Stefani, 1884,
<taxonomicName id="4C1BD9AD27513DDF554AC02E1FEE2033" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B289FA54864015540C793A8A4B05A75B" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="A538D1E9B48D8B8DA5DC0EDDF10A95FA" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina facialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="facialis">facialis</taxonomicName>
(Brishcke, 1891,
<taxonomicName id="D53B98D2FD65F3848C15AE4AEEEB4AD2" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D3A1EAE7E80D4B4BDB769E963130369" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="A66EB76D6AEA1064A19E8C5DD376AD99" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina riggioi" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="riggioi">riggioi</taxonomicName>
(Schmiedeknecht, 1906,
<taxonomicName id="2BDC813D4F2590289A1BF378160F80E2" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="30223CD785ECD5B7AE0A536CD813CD29" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="99C632A7BC95487E0C6612621949F18F" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina aphidicola" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="aphidicola">aphidicola</taxonomicName>
(Rudow, 1917,
<taxonomicName id="E1F262D1FB923FF50B0EE5722BC15E3D" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7FCA4CEDFB8C0BFA553C2B93F94723F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="4467DB39DD9191BE8C0CDF9F84118497" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina formicarius" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="formicarius">formicarius</taxonomicName>
(Rudow, 1917,
<taxonomicName id="460FA0AD5981DF6C38FF051CD7435731" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pezomachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezomachus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezomachus</taxonomicName>
) preocc.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44E946D166DA079DAAD0CE7DEA8386EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="524503D4216AE490AB71716F044B84A5" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Gelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gelis bicolor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">Gelis bicolor</taxonomicName>
?
<taxonomicName id="103685FA66EBC5CC1107323EDAB49572" genus="Ethelurgina" lsidName="Ethelurgina latus" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" rank="species" species="latus">latus</taxonomicName>
Jonaitis, 1981
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40045D5909EF614BDB2EB71D3A14C885" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D6638C00C6062381B07B8CD0245F1005" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF6E06EED1E4506603EC70317BD09DD7" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">England, Scotland</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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</document>

138
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<mods:title id="53A112F7C779BC4D7BF0120051852AA5">Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 2. Nymphaceae bis Primulaceae (2 nd edition) (p. 956): Papaveraceae</mods:title>
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Crantz
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(
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<emphasis id="1698839C0F0D49780A34FA8BD8BDC0F2" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="116">G. luteum</emphasis>
Scop.
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)
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<paragraph id="DDEA474DE70BF82ADA4E6E286D9CAEBC" pageId="null" pageNumber="116">Gelber Hornmohn</paragraph>
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Meist 2
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bereift. Stengel aufrecht, verzweigt, im untern Teil zerstreut behaart, sonst kahl.
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meist gebogen, mit nach vorn gerichteten
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(
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: Sommer.
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=
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Material ohne Herkunftsangabe (Sugiura 1940, Smith aus
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und
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und
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1961), aus Frankreich und Italien (Larsen 1954a). Ernst (1959)
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an Material aus Kalifornien 2n = 24.
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Kollin. Steinige bis sandige, humusarme, salzreiche, offene
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Verbreitung.
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Pflanze:
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85
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<taxonomicName id="BB0B32F51124D82A4C9F3252B3B5288D" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Eulophus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eulophus rhaecus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhaecus">Eulophus rhaecus</taxonomicName>
Walker, 1839
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<paragraph id="378C19B4E3C452DF07C5073A4F9D5134" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="774407B5E60FFC9D28D484624141AA6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">England</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4662F758C4821A7022D65A96E0FE1A53" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" type="notes">
<paragraph id="1EAE5BE2C9AF62864BAEDA4F3E9555E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BD4525A45C5A34FACC7792FF0AF1E52A" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">
Removed from synonymy under
<taxonomicName id="D7723D6ABAD2A28A2E20344D9DE7D37A" lsidName="N. folia" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" rank="species" species="folia">N. folia</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="07927223D4ECE8835578BF128CF140E0" author="Gebiola, Marco" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" pagination="352 - 423" title="An integrative study of Necremnus Thomson (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) associated with invasive pests in Europe and North America: taxonomic and ecological implications" volume="173" year="2015">Gebiola et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName LSID="FECD7B79-D2D6-54D8-AC53-F8ADAB6DE623" authority="subsp. multiradiata (Trautv.) Soreng, Cabi &amp; L. J. Gillespie" authorityName="Gillespie &amp; Soreng &amp; Cabi &amp; Amiri" authorityYear="2018" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsp." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa persica" order="Poales" pageId="16" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="persica" status="comb. nov.">Poa persica subsp. multiradiata (Trautv.) Soreng, Cabi &amp; L.J. Gillespie</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="16" pageNumber="85">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Poa subgenus Pseudopoa sect. Pseudopoa. A P. diaphora subsp. diaphora var. diaphora, Chu, Kyrgyz Republic (Soreng et al. 7537) B, C P. persica subsp. persica, Adiyaman, Turkey (Soreng et al. 9215) B habit C closeup of base of plant showing keeled leaf sheaths and caniculate blades D, E P. persica subsp. multiradiata, Mardin, Turkey (Soreng et al. 9240) D habit E spikelet showing glabrous lemmas. Photos by R. J. Soreng." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.111.28081.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/242790" pageId="16" pageNumber="85">Fig. 3D, E</figureCitation>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Trautv" authorityYear="1876" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa palustris var. multiradiata" order="Poales" pageId="16" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="palustris" variety="multiradiata">Poa palustris var. multiradiata</taxonomicName>
Trautv., Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 406. 1876.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Regel" authorityYear="1880" baseAuthorityName="Trautv." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa multiradiata" order="Poales" pageId="16" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multiradiata">Poa multiradiata</taxonomicName>
(Trautv.) Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 620. 1880.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eremopoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eremopoa multiradiata" order="Poales" pageId="16" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multiradiata">Eremopoa multiradiata</taxonomicName>
(Trautv.) Roshev., Fl. URSS 2: 430, t. 32. 1934.
<taxonomicName authority="subsp. multiradiata" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eremopoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsp." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eremopoa persica" order="Poales" pageId="16" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="persica" subspecies="multiradiata">Eremopoa persica subsp. multiradiata</taxonomicName>
(Trautv.) Tzvelev, Zlaki SSSR 479. 1976.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="16" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Nephelochloa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nephelochloa tripolitana" order="Poales" pageId="16" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tripolitana">Nephelochloa tripolitana</taxonomicName>
Boiss. &amp; Blanche, Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 4: 133-134. 1859.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa persica var. major" order="Poales" pageId="16" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="persica" variety="major">Poa persica var. major</taxonomicName>
Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 610-611. 1884. Type protologue. Hab. ad margines semitarum inter hortos ad Tripolium Syriae (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="85">Blanche</emphasis>
), circa Byrouth in Libano (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="85">Gaillardot</emphasis>
). Type. Lebanon. S. Tripoli, dans les bords des chemins, 16
<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="86" start="start">May</pageBreakToken>
1854,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">Blanche</emphasis>
1267 (lectotype,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">here designated</emphasis>
: JE [JE00005064 ex herb. Gaillardot, image!]). Note. Two of the original specimens turned up in our search,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">Blanche 1267</emphasis>
(JE00005064 ex herb. Gaillardot) and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">Gaillardot s.n.</emphasis>
(JE00005065 ex herb Gaillardot no. 2323 [image!]).
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">Blanche</emphasis>
in 1869 (P02530724) might also be original material, with a distribution date rather than a collection date.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Post" authorityYear="1897" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eragrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eragrostis barbeyi" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbeyi">Eragrostis barbeyi</taxonomicName>
Post, Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: 760-761. 1897. Type protologue. Habitat in collibus prope Midyat (Mardin),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">no. 38</emphasis>
. Type. Turkey. Midyat, Hillsides, May 1895,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">38 Barbey</emphasis>
(lectotype,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">here designated</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">by Nada Sinno Saoud &amp; RJS</emphasis>
: BEI! (image seen by RJS!)). Note. The BEI sheet has &quot;No. 55
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">38 Barbey</emphasis>
, 1895&quot; (55 was originally written as 54 but the 4 written over by 5).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName authorityName="R. R. Mill" authorityYear="1985" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eremopoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eremopoa mardinensis" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mardinensis">Eremopoa mardinensis</taxonomicName>
R.R. Mill, Fl. Turkey &amp; E. Aegean Isl. 9: 624, 488. 1985.Type. Turkey. Mardin, Mardin to Nusaybin, 8 km from Mardin, 850 m alt., shallow limestone gully, 22 May 1957,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">P. H. Davis &amp; D. Hedge 28491</emphasis>
(holotype: E! [E00196494]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="86" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="86">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="86">
Armenia rossica, prope monasterium Kiptschach, 1875,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">G. Raddi</emphasis>
. Type: Armenia rossica: prope monasterium Kiptschach in monte Alagos, Jun 1875,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">G. Radde 124</emphasis>
(holotype: LE! [photo E00326521!]; isotypes: LE, LE, W [W19160014191 image!]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="86" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="86">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="86">Armenia, Georgia, Iran, Lebanon, Pakistan, Syria and Turkey.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="86" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="86">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="86">
The presence of hairs on the lemmas in material treated as
<normalizedToken originalValue="“multiradiat”">
&quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">multiradiat</emphasis>
&quot;
</normalizedToken>
is confused in the literature.
<bibRefCitation author="Mill, RR" journalOrPublisher="Opera Biologica" pageId="22" pageNumber="91" refId="B39" refString="Mill, RR, 1985. Eremopoa, Nephelochloa, Catabrosella, Colpodium, Hyalopoa, Catabrosa, Paracolpodium. In: Davis PH (Ed.) Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands, Vol. 9. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 486-501." title="Eremopoa, Nephelochloa, Catabrosella, Colpodium, Hyalopoa, Catabrosa, Paracolpodium. In: Davis PH (Ed.) Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands, Vol. 9. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 486 - 501." year="1985">Mill (1985)</bibRefCitation>
indicates that
<taxonomicName family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. multiradiata" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="multiradiata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">E. multiradiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. persica" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="persica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">E. persica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.s. have lemma keels hairy in the lower ⅓-
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
. We concur with
<bibRefCitation author="Tzvelev, NN" journalOrPublisher="Botaniceski Zurnal (Moscow &amp; Leningrad)" pageId="23" pageNumber="92" refId="B67" refString="Tzvelev, NN, 1976. Zlaki SSSR. Nauka Publishers, Leningrad Section, Leningrad, 1-788 [English translation: 1983. Grasses of the Soviet Union, 2 vols. Amerind Publishing Co. New Delhi.]" title="Zlaki SSSR. Nauka Publishers, Leningrad Section, Leningrad, 1 - 788 [English translation: 1983. Grasses of the Soviet Union, 2 vols. Amerind Publishing Co. New Delhi.]" year="1976">Tzvelev (1976)</bibRefCitation>
, who keyed
<taxonomicName authority="subsp. persica" family="Poaceae" infraspecific-rank="subsp." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. persica" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="persica" subspecies="persica">E. persica subsp. persica</taxonomicName>
as lemmas short pilose along the base of keel and marginal veins and subsp.
<taxonomicName family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="multiradiata" subspecies="multiradiata">multiradiata</taxonomicName>
as lemmas glabrous or with a few solitary hairs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="86">
<bibRefCitation author="Mill, RR" journalOrPublisher="Opera Biologica" pageId="22" pageNumber="91" refId="B39" refString="Mill, RR, 1985. Eremopoa, Nephelochloa, Catabrosella, Colpodium, Hyalopoa, Catabrosa, Paracolpodium. In: Davis PH (Ed.) Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands, Vol. 9. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 486-501." title="Eremopoa, Nephelochloa, Catabrosella, Colpodium, Hyalopoa, Catabrosa, Paracolpodium. In: Davis PH (Ed.) Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands, Vol. 9. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 486 - 501." year="1985">Mill (1985)</bibRefCitation>
distinguished his new species
<taxonomicName authorityName="R. R. Mill" authorityYear="1985" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Eremopoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eremopoa mardinensis" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mardinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">Eremopoa mardinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. multiradiata" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="multiradiata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">E. multiradiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on its glabrous lemmas, 8-12-flowered spikelets and florets strongly divergent from the rachilla. However, subsp.
<taxonomicName family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" rank="species" subspecies="multiradiata">multiradiata</taxonomicName>
also has glabrous lemmas (as noted above) and divergent florets (when spikelets are in flower) and its (4)5-9(10)-flowered spikelets overlap in number; therefore, we treat
<taxonomicName family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. mardinensis" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="mardinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">E. mardinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a synonym of
<taxonomicName family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. multiradiata" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="multiradiata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">E. multiradiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The type material of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Post" authorityYear="1897" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eragrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eragrostis barbeyi" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbeyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">Eragrostis barbeyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is from the same place as
<taxonomicName family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. mardinensis" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="mardinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">E. mardinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is clearly the same form (spikelets many-flowered);
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Nephelochloa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nephelochloa tripolitana" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tripolitana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">Nephelochloa tripolitana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with ca. 12-14-flowered spikelets, also appears to belong to this form. If
<taxonomicName family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="E. mardinensis" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="mardinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">E. mardinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were accepted as a species, the basionym names
<taxonomicName authorityName="Post" authorityYear="1897" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eragrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eragrostis barbeyi" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbeyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">Eragrostis barbeyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Nephelochloa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nephelochloa tripolitana" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tripolitana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="86">Nephelochloa tripolitana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would have priority.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

497
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@ -0,0 +1,497 @@
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<mods:title id="3784E74EF35436FB2F26FA1CCB857D45">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF809176FDE84226F97AFC76" box="[548,1039,892,919]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FDE84226F97AFC76" blockId="41.[548,1039,892,955]" box="[548,1039,892,919]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF809176FDE84226F97AFC76" box="[548,1039,892,919]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF809176FDE84226F97AFC76" ID-CoL="3L7MC" authority="(Heinrich, 1938)" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[548,1039,892,919]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FDE84226FE30FC76" bold="true" box="[548,837,892,919]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Heterischnus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FC984227F972FC76" author="Heinrich G." box="[852,1031,893,919]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF809176FD1442FAFE2EFC5A" box="[728,859,928,955]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FD1442FAFE2EFC5A" blockId="41.[548,1039,892,955]" box="[728,859,928,955]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF809176FD1442FAFE2EFC5A" box="[728,859,928,955]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="42.[189,232,1965,1991]" captionStartId-1="43.[189,232,1501,1527]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,1456,1944]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1383,604,1459]" captionTargetId-0="figure-418@42.[189,1399,1456,1944]" captionTargetId-1="figure-109@43.[189,1399,604,1459]" captionTargetPageId-0="42" captionTargetPageId-1="43" captionText-0="Fig. 22. Heterischnus olsoufieffi (Heinrich, 1938), ♀ (CAS). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, frontal view." captionText-1="Fig. 23. Distribution of Heterischnus olsoufieffi (Heinrich, 1938). A. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow stars). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) regional records." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891659" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891661" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7891659/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7891661/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs 22–23</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF809176FF7142B9FCC4FAEF" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FF7142B9FEC3FC1D" blockId="41.[189,1053,994,1057]" box="[189,950,994,1021]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF809176FF7142B9FEC3FC1D" box="[189,950,994,1021]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
[
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF809176FF0B42B8FC86FC1D" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[199,499,994,1020]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FF0B42B8FC86FC1D" box="[199,499,994,1020]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Aethiopischnus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF809176FDC842B8FF81FC1D" author="Heinrich G." box="[516,756,994,1020]" page="244" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="1936">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FDC842B8FF81FC1D" author="Heinrich G." box="[516,756,994,1020]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich, 1936: 244</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Nomen nudum.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FF71455CF968FBC0" blockId="41.[189,1053,994,1057]" box="[189,1053,1030,1057]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF809176FF71455CF968FBC0" box="[189,1053,1030,1057]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF809176FF71455CFFA9FBC1" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,732,1030,1056]" page="128" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF809176FF71455CFFA9FBC1" authority="Heinrich, 1938: 128" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityPageNumber="128" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,732,1030,1056]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FF71455CFC9FFBC1" box="[189,490,1030,1056]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Aethiopischnus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FE3D455CFFA9FBC1" author="Heinrich G." box="[497,732,1030,1056]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938: 128</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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(original description, key).
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FF714512FEA4FB67" blockId="41.[189,1399,1096,1230]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF809176FF714512FEA4FB67" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF809176FF714512FCA7FB83" ID-CoL="3L7MC" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[189,466,1096,1122]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FF714512FCA7FB83" box="[189,466,1096,1122]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Heterischnus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF809176FE3C4512FE4CFB83" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[496,825,1096,1122]" page="489" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FE3C4512FE4CFB83" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[496,825,1096,1122]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref23513" refString="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K. 1997. A Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I: Subfamilies Acaenitinae to Ophioninae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 58, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1997">Yu &amp; Horstmann 1997: 489</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue). —
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FC354512F9D5FB83" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[1017,1184,1096,1122]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref23559" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2012. World Ichneumonidae 2011. Taxonomy, Biology, Morphology and Distribution. Database on flash-drive, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada." type="book" year="2012">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FBEE4513F920FB83" box="[1058,1109,1096,1122]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
(catalogue); 2016 (catalogue). —
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF809176FE6E4536FFD2FB67" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[418,679,1131,1158]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F3059AE77EFA41BA88EA0D8E8130DA6" page="54" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FE6E4536FFD2FB67" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[418,679,1131,1158]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FE324536FF44FB64" box="[510,561,1131,1157]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
. 2013: 54
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(diagnosis, key, images).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FF7145D5FC44FB2F" blockId="41.[189,1399,1096,1230]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF809176FF7145D5FC44FB2F" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF809176FF7145D5FCA7FB48" ID-CoL="3L7MC" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[189,466,1167,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FF7145D5FCA7FB48" box="[189,466,1167,1193]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Heterischnus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF809176FE3D45CAFE38FB48" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." box="[497,845,1167,1194]" page="221" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FE3D45CAFE38FB48" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." box="[497,845,1167,1194]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref23290" refString="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M. 1973. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Ethiopian Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 19, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1973">Townes &amp; Townes 1973: 221</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue). —
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF809176FBC245D5F803FB4B" author="Diller E. &amp; Schonitzer K." box="[1038,1398,1167,1194]" page="295" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FBC245D5F803FB4B" author="Diller E. &amp; Schonitzer K." box="[1038,1398,1167,1194]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="293 - 300" refId="ref21119" refString="Diller E. &amp; Schonitzer K. 1999. Die Heterischnus - Arten der athiopischen Faunenregion (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae, Alomyini). Entomofauna 20: 293 - 300." type="journal article" year="1999">Diller &amp; Schönitzer 1999: 295</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(key).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FF7145AEFCC4FAEF" blockId="41.[189,433,1268,1295]" box="[189,433,1268,1295]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF809176FF7145AEFCC4FAEF" bold="true" box="[189,433,1268,1295]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FF7145AEFCC4FAEF" bold="true" box="[189,433,1268,1295]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Original type series</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF809176FF714479FC74F921" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FF714479FF4DFADF" blockId="41.[189,568,1315,1342]" box="[189,568,1315,1342]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF809176FF714479FF4DFADF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112349" box="[189,568,1315,1342]" collectionCode="MZPW" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="3" typeStatus="syntype">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF809176FF714479FC58FADC" box="[189,301,1315,1341]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF809176FEF44479FC0EFADF" box="[312,379,1315,1342]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF809176FE454479FCBBFADF" box="[393,462,1315,1342]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF809176FE16447EFF46FADF" box="[474,563,1316,1342]" collectionName="Poland, Warszawa [=Warsaw], Polish Academy of Science, Museum of the Institute of Zoology" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">MZPW</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FF71443FFC74F921" blockId="41.[188,1400,1381,1728]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FF71443FFCC7FA9E" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,434,1381,1407]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 128)</bibRefCitation>
described the species based on
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF809176FCD2443FFED8FA9E" box="[798,941,1381,1408]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
from different locations in
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF809176FB25443FF802FA9E" box="[1257,1399,1381,1407]" name="Madagascar" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
without designating any of them as the name-bearing type.
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FC4744D3F9C6FA45" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[907,1203,1417,1444]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FC2744D0F95DFA42" box="[1003,1064,1417,1443]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
(2013: 54)
</bibRefCitation>
, referring to the type series, employed the terms “
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF809176FD8B44F6FFC6FA27" box="[583,691,1452,1478]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
” and “
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF809176FCCF44F7FE04FA26" box="[771,881,1453,1479]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
”. This latter usage of the terms is incorrect.
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF809176FF71448AFC43FA0B" box="[189,310,1488,1514]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">Holotypes</typeStatus>
are designated in the original description or are implied when only
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF809176FB8A448BF993FA0B" box="[1094,1254,1488,1515]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
is described (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FF0844AEFC27F9EF" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[196,338,1524,1550]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 73.1). In this case,
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FD8F44AEFE4BF9EF" author="Heinrich G." box="[579,830,1524,1550]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 128)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned more than
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF809176FB8044AEF99BF9EF" box="[1100,1262,1524,1550]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
in the type series and did not choose any of them as
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF809176FD68474DFE7AF9D0" box="[676,783,1559,1585]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Moreover, the employment of the term “
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF809176FB38474DF818F9D0" box="[1268,1389,1559,1585]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotypus</typeStatus>
” does not constitute a valid
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF809176FDC74761FF02F9B4" box="[523,631,1595,1621]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designation either (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FCA74761FE89F9B4" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[875,1020,1595,1621]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 74.5). A more in-depth study of the MZPW collection will be required prior to the designation of a
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF809176FBFA4704F9D0F999" box="[1078,1189,1630,1656]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
; therefore, for the moment, the specimens of the original type series should be referred to as
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF809176FBEC47D9F9F2F97C" box="[1056,1159,1667,1693]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FB5A47D8F857F97D" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[1174,1314,1666,1692]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 73.2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF809175FF7147B2FFFFFE6C" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FF7147B2FC28F8E0" blockId="41.[189,349,1767,1794]" box="[189,349,1767,1794]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF809176FF7147B2FC28F8E0" bold="true" box="[189,349,1767,1794]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FF7147B2FC28F8E0" bold="true" box="[189,349,1767,1794]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Type locality</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FF71464CFEF3F8D1" blockId="41.[189,902,1814,1840]" box="[189,902,1814,1840]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF809176FF71464CFC3AF8D1" box="[189,335,1814,1840]" name="Madagascar" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
: Ankaratra,
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFF809176FE10464CFF00F8D1" box="[476,629,1814,1840]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
, Perinet &amp; Tsinjoarivo.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FF714602FCDFF893" blockId="41.[189,426,1880,1906]" box="[189,426,1880,1906]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF809176FF714602FCDFF893" bold="true" box="[189,426,1880,1906]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FF714602FCDFF893" bold="true" box="[189,426,1880,1906]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809175FF7146DDFFFFFE6C" blockId="41.[189,1399,1926,2025]" lastBlockId="42.[189,1399,265,397]" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF809176FF7146DDF86AF808" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112311" collectingDate="2005-12-27" collectingDateMax="2006-01-05" collectingDateMin="2005-12-27" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="M. Irwin &amp; R. Harin'Hala" country="Madagascar" determinerName="D. Dal Pos" elevation="825" latitude="-20.792667" location="Miandritsara Forest" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="47.175667" municipality="Province" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="ENT8437500" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF809176FF7146DDFCFBF840" box="[189,398,1927,1953]" name="Madagascar" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF809176FE6F46DDFCBBF843" box="[419,462,1927,1954]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="5471ACF4FF809176FE1746DDFF36F840" box="[475,579,1927,1953]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFF809176FD8546DDFF97F840" box="[585,738,1927,1953]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B1756055FF809176FD2046DDFEA6F843" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FF809174FDE84226FCB5FDF4:B1756055FF809176FD2046DDFEA6F843" box="[748,979,1927,1954]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-20.792667" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="47.175667" municipality="Province" name="Miandritsara Forest" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">Miandritsara Forest</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="A5A72FACFF809176FC1246DDF9ABF840" box="[990,1246,1927,1953]" location="Ambositra" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<quantity id="73529B6BFF809176FC1246DDF953F840" box="[990,1062,1927,1953]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
S of Ambositra
</locationDeviation>
;
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF809176FB2446DCF804F840" box="[1256,1393,1926,1954]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="47.56" orientation="latitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="9" value="-20.792667">20°47.56′ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF809176FF7146F3FC39F824" box="[189,332,1961,1989]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="10.54" orientation="longitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="9" value="47.175667">47°10.54′ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFF809176FE9546F1FC93F824" box="[345,486,1963,1990]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="825.0">
<quantity id="73529B6BFF809176FE9546F1FCD0F824" box="[345,421,1963,1990]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="825.0">825 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="C014104EFF809176FE3846F1FFE0F827" box="[500,661,1963,1990]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2005-12-27">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF809176FE3846F1FFE0F827" box="[500,661,1963,1990]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2005-12-27">27 Dec. 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
–
<date id="C014104EFF809176FD6846F1FE5BF824" box="[676,814,1963,1990]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2006-01-05">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF809176FD6846F1FE5BF824" box="[676,814,1963,1990]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2006-01-05">5 Jan. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="195F5358FF809176FCF746F1FED0F824" box="[827,933,1963,1989]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">M. Irwin</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="195F5358FF809176FC2C46F1F9F2F824" box="[992,1159,1963,1989]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">R. Harin’Hala</collectorName>
leg.; in low altitude rainforest; MA-29-61;
<collectingMethod id="6DEB4E99FF809176FE1C4694FF1CF808" box="[464,617,1998,2025]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
; CASLOT 0050173;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFF809176FCA14695FE86F808" box="[877,1011,1998,2025]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">D. Dal Pos</determinerName>
det.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF809176FBF04694F900F809" box="[1084,1141,1998,2024]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="E40C9EF5FF809176FB4C4694F86AF808" box="[1152,1311,1998,2025]" collectionCode="CAS" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">ENT8437500</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF809175FAF34694FF66FEA6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112317" collectingDate="2006-02-27" collectingDateMax="2006-03-08" collectingDateMin="2006-02-27" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="M. Irwin &amp; R. Harin'Hala" country="Madagascar" determinerName="D. Dal Pos" elevation="825" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" latitude="-20.792667" location="Miandritsara Forest" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="47.175667" municipality="Province" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="ENT8437594" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF809176FAF34694F804F808" box="[1343,1393,1998,2025]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<date id="C014104EFF839175FD4F4053FE08FEC2" box="[643,893,265,291]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2006-02-27" valueMax="2006-03-08" valueMin="2006-02-27">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF839175FD4F4053FE08FEC2" box="[643,893,265,291]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2006-02-27" valueMax="2006-03-08" valueMin="2006-02-27">27 Feb.–8 Mar. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
; MA-29-46; CASELOT# 0050174;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFF839175FAE44053FD92FEA6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. Dal Pos</determinerName>
det.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF839175FEFC4076FC1CFEA7" box="[304,361,300,326]" collectionName="USA, California, San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="E40C9EF5FF839175FEB84076FF66FEA6" box="[372,531,300,327]" collectionCode="CAS" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">ENT8437594</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF839175FDFE4076FFF3FE6C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112336" collectingDate="2006-11-27" collectingDateMax="2006-12-02" collectingDateMin="2006-11-27" collectionCode="DDPC" collectorName="M. Irwin &amp; R. Harin'Hala" country="Madagascar" determinerName="D. Dal Pos" elevation="1130" latitude="-21.250834" location="Parc National Ranomafana" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="47.407166" municipality="Province" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCode="DDPC 0000032" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF839175FDFE4076FF17FEA6" box="[562,610,300,327]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="5471ACF4FF839175FDB84076FFA9FEA7" box="[628,732,300,326]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFF839175FD2A4076FE0AFEA7" box="[742,895,300,326]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B1756055FF839175FC424077F9A1FEA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FF809174FDE84226FCB5FDF4:B1756055FF839175FC424077F9A1FEA7" box="[910,1236,300,327]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-21.250834" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="47.407166" municipality="Province" name="Parc National Ranomafana" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">Parc National Ranomafana</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF839175FB2F4071F804FEA7" box="[1251,1393,299,327]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="15.05" orientation="latitude" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" precision="9" value="-21.250834">21°15.05′ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF839175FF714014FC3FFE8B" box="[189,330,334,362]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="24.43" orientation="longitude" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" precision="9" value="47.407166">47°24.43′ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFF839175FE9B4015FC9BFE88" box="[343,494,335,362]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="1130.0">
<quantity id="73529B6BFF839175FE9B4015FCDBFE8B" box="[343,430,335,362]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="1130.0">1130 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="C014104EFF839175FE374015FF82FE88" box="[507,759,335,362]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2006-11-27" valueMax="2006-12-02" valueMin="2006-11-27">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF839175FE374015FF82FE88" box="[507,759,335,362]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2006-11-27" valueMax="2006-12-02" valueMin="2006-11-27">27 Nov.–2 Dec. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="195F5358FF839175FCCF400AFE1EFE88" box="[771,875,335,362]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">M. Irwin</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="195F5358FF839175FC6F400AF93CFE88" box="[931,1097,335,362]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">R. Harin’Hala</collectorName>
leg.; radio tower at forest edge;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFF839175FEC84029FCF6FE6C" box="[260,387,370,397]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. Dal Pos</determinerName>
det.;
<specimenCode id="E40C9EF5FF839175FE0A4029FFF3FE6C" box="[454,646,371,397]" collectionCode="DDPC" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">DDPC 0000032</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF839175FF7140EEF85FFDC1" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF839175FF7140EEFC23FE2F" blockId="42.[189,342,436,462]" box="[189,342,436,462]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF839175FF7140EEFC23FE2F" bold="true" box="[189,342,436,462]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FF7140EEFC23FE2F" bold="true" box="[189,342,436,462]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF839175FF7140B9F85FFDC1" blockId="42.[189,1399,482,544]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF839175FF7140B9FCE7FE1C" box="[189,402,483,509]" name="Madagascar" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
: Alaotra-Mangoro; Haute Matsiatra; Vakinankaratra regions (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FB6140B8F81CFE1C" author="Heinrich G." box="[1197,1385,482,509]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich 1938</bibRefCitation>
); Amoron’i Mania region (
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FE2A435CFF06FDC1" bold="true" box="[486,627,518,544]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">new record</emphasis>
); Vatovavy-Fitovinany region (
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FC2A435CF906FDC1" bold="true" box="[998,1139,518,544]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">new record</emphasis>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF839175FB41435CF868FDC1" box="[1165,1309,518,544]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[189,232,1501,1527]" captionTargetBox="[189,1383,604,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-109@43.[189,1399,604,1459]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 23. Distribution of Heterischnus olsoufieffi (Heinrich, 1938). A. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow stars). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) regional records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891661/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 23A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF839174FF71431DFCB5FDF4" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF839175FF71431DFC5AFD80" blockId="42.[189,303,583,609]" box="[189,303,583,609]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF839175FF71431DFC5AFD80" bold="true" box="[189,303,583,609]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FF71431DFC5AFD80" bold="true" box="[189,303,583,609]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF839175FF71432CFEF1FCA1" blockId="42.[189,1399,630,832]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
In the description of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FE1E432CF954FD71" authority=", Heinrich (1936: 244)" authorityName=", Heinrich" authorityPageNumber="244" authorityYear="1936" box="[466,1057,630,656]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FE1E432CFE76FD71" box="[466,771,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Aethiopischnus africanus</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FCD6432CF954FD71" author="Heinrich G." box="[794,1057,630,656]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich (1936: 244)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
introduced the name “Ae.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FF7143C3FCF4FD52" authority="Hein." authorityName="Hein." box="[189,385,665,691]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
Olsoufieffi
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FE8F43C0FC09FD52" box="[323,380,666,691]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Hein</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicName>
” without providing any other detail.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FCF343C3F918FD52" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[831,1133,665,691]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FCF343C3F918FD52" box="[831,1133,665,691]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Aethiopischnus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reappeared later on in
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FF7243E6FCCFFD37" author="Heinrich G." box="[190,442,700,726]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 127)</bibRefCitation>
, but this time it was accompanied by a formal description and was designated as the
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF839175FF2643BAFC68FD1B" box="[234,285,736,762]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">type</typeStatus>
species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FDD24385FFA5FD18" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[542,720,735,761]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FDD24385FFA5FD18" box="[542,720,735,761]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FD2C43BAF925FD18" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." box="[736,1104,735,762]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref23290" refString="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M. 1973. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Ethiopian Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 19, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1973">Townes &amp; Townes (1973: 221)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FB404385FC3CFCFC" author="Diller E. &amp; Schonitzer K." pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="293 - 300" refId="ref21119" refString="Diller E. &amp; Schonitzer K. 1999. Die Heterischnus - Arten der athiopischen Faunenregion (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae, Alomyini). Entomofauna 20: 293 - 300." type="journal article" year="1999">Diller &amp; Schönitzer (1999: 295)</bibRefCitation>
reported “
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FE094258FF0EFCFC" author="Heinrich G." box="[453,635,770,797]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
” as the authorship of the species, while
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FB954259FD86FCA1" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref23513" refString="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K. 1997. A Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I: Subfamilies Acaenitinae to Ophioninae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 58, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1997">Yu &amp; Horstmann (1997: 489)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FEE0427CFF31FCA1" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[300,580,805,832]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FE44427CFCB6FCA1" box="[392,451,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
(2013: 54)
</bibRefCitation>
retained “
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FD70427CFE01FCA1" author="Heinrich G." box="[700,884,806,832]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich, 1936</bibRefCitation>
”.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF839175FF71423DFFDDFA70" blockId="42.[188,1401,871,1425]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
When
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FEC7423DFF71FC60" author="Heinrich G." box="[267,516,871,897]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich (1936: 244)</bibRefCitation>
introduced
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FD5F423DFE71FC60" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[659,772,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FD5F423DFE71FC60" box="[659,772,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, he did by comparing it with
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FBAA4232F980FC60" authorityName=", Heinrich" authorityYear="1936" box="[1126,1269,871,898]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FBAA4232F980FC60" box="[1126,1269,871,898]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">A. africanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, according to
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FE9442D0FC98FC45" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[344,493,906,932]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 13.1. 1 &amp; 13.1.2) a new name after 1930 must be accompanied “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FA8842D0F83FFC26" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">by a description or definition that states in words characters that are purported to differentiate the taxon</emphasis>
” or “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FF06428BFE0EFC0A" box="[202,891,977,1003]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">by a bibliographic reference to such a published statement.</emphasis>
”. Basically, if the original statements allow the construction of a conclusion that can be used as a description or differential diagnosis, then the name should be considered available. However, from
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FD38454DF974FBD0" author="Heinrich G." box="[756,1025,1047,1073]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich’s (1936: 244)</bibRefCitation>
comparison, it is impossible to differentiate
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FE994560FCB2FBB5" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[341,455,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FE994560FCB2FBB5" box="[341,455,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FDDF4560FFF7FBB5" authorityName=", Heinrich" authorityYear="1936" box="[531,642,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FDDF4560FFF7FBB5" box="[531,642,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">africanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The statement “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FC9C4561FEF2FBB5" box="[848,903,1083,1108]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dem</emphasis>
Ae.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FC084560F9E1FBB5" authority="Heinr." authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[964,1172,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
Olsoufieffi
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FB874561F9E1FBB5" box="[1099,1172,1083,1108]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Heinr.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FB514560F9C4FB7A" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">nahestehend, aber von dunklerer, unbestimmterer Grundfarbe, Fühlergeissel ohne weisse Zeichnung. Schläfen relativ schmaler. Wengen und Schläfen dichter punktiert. Thyridien kaum noch angedeutet</emphasis>
[=
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FB2E45DBFC67FB5F" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Close to the species</emphasis>
Ae.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FE8245FEFF54FB5F" authority="Heinr." authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[334,545,1188,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
Olsoufieffi
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FE1945FFFF54FB5F" box="[469,545,1189,1214]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Heinr.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FDED45FFFC0BFAE5" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">, but of darker, more indistinct ground colour, antennal flagella without white markings. Temples relatively narrower. Cheeks and temples more densely punctured. Thryridia hardly indicated</emphasis>
]” is too vague and does not allow a clear separation between the two species. Before
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FF724457FC0BFAC9" author="Heinrich G." box="[190,382,1293,1320]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich (1936)</bibRefCitation>
, also
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FE0F4454FF47FAC9" authorityName=", Heinrich" authorityYear="1936" box="[451,562,1294,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FE0F4454FF47FAC9" box="[451,562,1294,1320]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">africanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(the species with which
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FC964457FEB9FAC6" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[858,972,1293,1319]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FC964457FEB9FAC6" box="[858,972,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was compared) was not known and the comparison could not be anchored to a previous species hypothesis. Therefore,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FB0F446BFC99FA8F" authority="Heinrich, 1936" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1936" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FB0F446BFC5AFA8F" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Aethiopischnus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FEF5440EFC99FA8F" author="Heinrich G." box="[313,492,1364,1390]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich, 1936</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is hereby deemed a nomen nudum (unavailable) and the available name is
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FF71442DFFD1FA70" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,676,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FF71442DFC9FFA70" box="[189,490,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Aethiopischnus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FE3D442DFFD1FA70" author="Heinrich G." box="[497,676,1399,1425]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FF7146F7FC6FF826" bold="true" box="[189,282,1965,1991]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF839175FEEF46F7FE72F826" authority="(Heinrich, 1938)" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[291,775,1965,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FEEF46F7FF4CF826" box="[291,569,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Heterischnus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF839175FD8446F7FF8BF826" author="Heinrich G." box="[584,766,1965,1991]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
)
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, ♀ (CAS).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FC4346F7FED1F826" bold="true" box="[911,932,1965,1991]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF839175FB7446F7F9BEF826" bold="true" box="[1208,1227,1965,1991]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">B</emphasis>
. Head, frontal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF829174FF714053FC0FFE6D" blockId="43.[189,1399,265,396]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
The circumstances that led
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF829174FDC24053FFBBFEC5" author="Heinrich G." box="[526,718,265,292]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich (1936)</bibRefCitation>
to introduce the name
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF829174FC3D4053F916FEC2" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[1009,1123,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF829174FC3D4053F916FEC2" box="[1009,1123,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are probably due to a publication issue.
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFF829174FE5C4076FC87FEA7" box="[400,498,300,326]" country="United Kingdom" name="Reading" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Reading</collectingRegion>
the introduction, it seems clear that Heirnich’s (1938) monograph was meant to be published before
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF829174FE054015FFEDFE8B" author="Heinrich G." box="[457,664,335,362]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich’s (1936)</bibRefCitation>
work, but a contingent situation delayed the publication of the Malagasy work.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF829174FF7140EEFCB5FDF4" blockId="43.[189,1399,436,533]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
The three additional CAS specimens represent the first record of the species since the original description, as well as an expansion of its distributional range to the Amoron’i Mania and Vatovavy-Fitovinany regions (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF829174FEEF40A0FCC6FDF4" box="[291,435,506,533]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[189,232,1501,1527]" captionTargetBox="[189,1383,604,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-109@43.[189,1399,604,1459]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 23. Distribution of Heterischnus olsoufieffi (Heinrich, 1938). A. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow stars). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) regional records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891661/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 23A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

152
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Key to the Afrotropical species of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF859173FDA84052FEB0FEC2" ID-CoL="4W8X" ID-ENA="274241" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[612,965,264,291]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF859173FDA84052FE70FEC2" bold="true" box="[612,773,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Heterischnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF859173FCC04053FEB0FEC2" author="Heinrich G." box="[780,965,265,291]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(modified from
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF859173FB494050F815FEC2" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[1157,1376,265,292]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF859173FB2E4050F860FEC2" box="[1250,1301,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF859173FF71427EF802FCDF" blockId="44.[189,1399,804,831]" box="[189,1399,804,831]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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1. Frons transversely striate (A); head yellowish-orange (B).......................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF859173FBFB427FF802FCDF" ID-CoL="3L7LZ" authority="Schonitzer, 1999" authorityName="Schonitzer" authorityYear="1999" box="[1079,1399,804,831]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="krausi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF859173FBFB427FF9DFFCDE" bold="true" box="[1079,1194,804,831]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">H. krausi</emphasis>
Schönitzer, 1999
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<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFF859173FF0D446EF802FA93" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF859173FF0D446EFDA5FAAF" bold="true" box="[193,208,1332,1358]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">–</emphasis>
Frons not transversely striate, either punctate (a), or almost entirely polished (b); head black (a, b). ........................................................................................................................................................... 2
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF859172FF7146DCF802FD14" blockId="44.[189,1398,1926,1987]" lastBlockId="45.[193,1399,731,758]" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFF859172FF7146DCF802FD14" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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2. Frons polished with fine isolated punctures (A); occiput polished (B) ............................................... ............................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF859173FBC146F3F803F822" ID-CoL="3L7MC" authority="(Heinrich, 1938)" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[1037,1398,1960,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF859173FBC146F3F9D9F822" bold="true" box="[1037,1196,1960,1987]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">H. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
(
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)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF849172FF0D4386FDA5FD14" box="[193,208,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">–</emphasis>
Frons punctate (a); occiput punctate (b) ............................................................................................ 3
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF849172FF714450F802FAA6" blockId="45.[189,1399,1289,1351]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFF849172FF714450F802FAA6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
3. Mesosoma uniformly orange (A, B); white median ring on flagellum present in females (B), absent in males ................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF849172FC534477F802FAA6" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[927,1399,1324,1351]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mfongosi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF849172FC534477F940FAA7" bold="true" box="[927,1077,1324,1351]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. mfongosi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF849172FF0D463AF803F87F" blockId="45.[193,1399,1888,1950]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFF849172FF0D463AF803F87F" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
– Mesosoma multi-colored, black, yellowish and testaceous (a, b); white median ring on flagellum absent in both sexes (b)........................................................................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF849172FBDE46D9F803F87F" authority="(Heinrich, 1936)" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[1042,1398,1923,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF849172FBDE46D9F9D9F87C" bold="true" box="[1042,1196,1923,1949]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. africanus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF849172FB7746D9F81BF87F" author="Heinrich G." box="[1211,1390,1923,1950]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich, 1936</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

304
data/3C/03/87/3C038798FF87916FFDC045FAF928FD5E.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
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<mods:title id="A047F418BB1EAD0FF51D4194E5ED3700">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="174F47A336EE34022BDCF3CFCD1C7061">Pos, Davide Dal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2F8E05E1EB0A7AEC7C9E33BE3FD23B32">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FDC045FAFE05FB5B" bold="true" box="[524,880,1184,1211]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Hoplophaeogenes curticornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FCBB45FAF95DFB5B" author="Heinrich G." box="[887,1064,1184,1210]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF879171FD14459CFE2EFB00" blockId="46.[524,1064,1184,1249]" box="[728,859,1222,1249]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF879171FD14459CFE2EFB00" box="[728,859,1222,1249]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="47.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionStartId-1="48.[189,232,1653,1679]" captionTargetBox-0="[305,1282,265,1938]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1384,757,1612]" captionTargetId-0="figure-0@47.[305,1282,265,1938]" captionTargetId-1="figure-130@48.[189,1399,757,1612]" captionTargetPageId-0="47" captionTargetPageId-1="48" captionText-0="Fig. 24. Hoplophaeogenes curticornis Heinrich, 1938, ♀ (CAS). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, frontal view. C. Metasoma, dorsal view." captionText-1="Fig. 25. Distribution of Hoplophaeogenes curticornis Heinrich, 1938. A. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow star). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) regional records." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891663" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891667" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7891663/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7891667/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 24–25</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF879171FF714450F939FAC4" blockId="46.[189,1100,1290,1317]" box="[189,1100,1290,1317]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FF714450FF6CFAC5" box="[189,537,1290,1316]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Hoplophaeogenes curticornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FDEC4450FE79FAC5" author="Heinrich G." box="[544,780,1290,1316]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938: 127</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FF714414FF62FA89" box="[189,535,1358,1384]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Hoplophaeogenes curticornis</emphasis>
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–
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF879171FDE24414FE0BFA89" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." box="[558,894,1358,1384]" page="220" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FDE24414FE0BFA89" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." box="[558,894,1358,1384]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref23290" refString="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M. 1973. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Ethiopian Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 19, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1973">Townes &amp; Townes 1973: 220</bibRefCitation>
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(catalogue). —
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<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FBFA4414F800FA89" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[1078,1397,1358,1384]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref23513" refString="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K. 1997. A Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I: Subfamilies Acaenitinae to Ophioninae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 58, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1997">Yu &amp; Horstmann 1997: 490</bibRefCitation>
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(catalogue). —
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Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FE00442EFF75FA6C" box="[460,512,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
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(catalogue); 2016 (catalogue). —
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<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FC28442EF99BFA6F" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[996,1262,1395,1422]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FB8E442EF903FA6C" box="[1090,1142,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al</emphasis>
. 2013: 59
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(diagnosis, key, images).
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FF714487FCC4FA16" bold="true" box="[189,433,1501,1527]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Original type series</emphasis>
</heading>
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<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF879171FF714754FC58F9C9" box="[189,301,1550,1576]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
:
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(
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)
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FF714708FCC2F98D" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,439,1618,1644]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 127)</bibRefCitation>
described the species based on
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF879171FCFC4708FECAF98D" box="[816,959,1618,1644]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
(one from “
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” and the other from “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FE4A4722FF53F973" box="[390,550,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Diégo-Suarez</emphasis>
”) without clearly designating any of them as the name-bearing type. Initially,
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FEE547C4FF3FF959" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[297,586,1693,1720]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FE4B47C4FCB1F956" box="[391,452,1693,1719]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
(2013: 59)
</bibRefCitation>
correctly referred to the types as “
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF879171FC2247C7F929F956" box="[1006,1116,1693,1719]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
”, without designating a
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF879171FF714799FC59F93C" box="[189,300,1731,1757]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. However, the same authors (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FD4F4799FECDF93C" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[643,952,1731,1757]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FD2D479EFE6EF93C" box="[737,795,1731,1757]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
2013: 60–61
</bibRefCitation>
, figs 33–34) referred to the specimens as the “
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF879171FED647B2FCFCF8E3" box="[282,393,1768,1794]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
”. The use of the term “
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF879171FD6747B2FE62F8E3" box="[683,791,1768,1794]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
” does not constitute a valid
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF879171FBB547B2F990F8E3" box="[1145,1253,1768,1794]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designation (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FF094654FC24F8C9" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[197,337,1806,1832]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 74.5, 74.7). A more in-depth study of the MZPW collection will be required prior to designating a
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF879171FE92466EFCB8F8AF" box="[350,461,1844,1870]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
; therefore, for the moment, the type specimens should be referred to as
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF879171FAC3466EF803F8AF" box="[1295,1398,1844,1870]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FF084600FC24F895" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[196,337,1882,1908]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 73.2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF87916FFF7146C7F9EBFE79" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF879171FF7146C7FC28F856" blockId="46.[189,349,1949,1975]" box="[189,349,1949,1975]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF879171FF7146C7FC28F856" bold="true" box="[189,349,1949,1975]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FF7146C7FC28F856" bold="true" box="[189,349,1949,1975]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Type locality</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF879171FF714694FE64F809" blockId="46.[189,785,1998,2025]" box="[189,785,1998,2025]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF879171FF714694FC3AF809" box="[189,335,1998,2024]" name="Madagascar" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
: Montagne d’Ambre &amp; Diégo-Suarez.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D56606FF869170FF7146F3FFE6F807" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891663" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891663/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" startId="47.[189,232,1961,1987]" targetBox="[305,1282,265,1938]" targetPageId="47">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF869170FF7146F3FFE6F807" blockId="47.[189,1398,1961,2023]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF869170FF7146F3FC68F822" bold="true" box="[189,285,1961,1987]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 24.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF869170FEE446F3FE3DF822" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[296,840,1961,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplophaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curticornis">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF869170FEE446F3FFFDF822" box="[296,648,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Hoplophaeogenes curticornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF869170FD5E46F3FE3DF822" author="Heinrich G." box="[658,840,1961,1987]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (CAS).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF869170FC1446F3FE98F822" bold="true" box="[984,1005,1961,1987]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF869170FAC746F3F86AF822" bold="true" box="[1291,1311,1961,1987]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">B</emphasis>
. Head, frontal view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF869170FE944696FC18F807" bold="true" box="[344,365,1996,2022]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C</emphasis>
. Metasoma, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF99916FFF714052FCDFFEC3" blockId="48.[189,426,264,290]" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF99916FFF714052FCDFFEC3" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF99916FFF714052FCDFFEC3" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF99916FFF71406DF9EBFE79" blockId="48.[189,1399,309,408]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF99916FFF71406DF9EFFE79" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112306" collectingDate="2004-12-07" collectingDateMax="2004-12-22" collectingDateMin="2004-12-07" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="M. Irwin &amp; R. Harin'Hala" country="Madagascar" determinerName="D. Dal Pos" elevation="700" latitude="-18.198" location="Ambohitantely" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="47.2815" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" specimenCode="ENT8437522" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Antananarivo prov.">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF99916FFF71406DFCFBFEB0" box="[189,398,311,337]" name="Madagascar" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF99916FFE63406DFC95FEB3" box="[431,480,311,338]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFF99916FFE3D406DFFAFFEB3" box="[497,730,311,338]" country="Madagascar" name="Antananarivo" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Antananarivo prov.</collectingRegion>
,
<locationDeviation id="A5A72FACFF99916FFD25406DF967FEB0" box="[745,1042,311,338]" location="Ankazobe" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<quantity id="73529B6BFF99916FFD25406DFE42FEB0" box="[745,823,311,337]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="km" value="46.0">46 km</quantity>
NE of Ankazobe
</locationDeviation>
,
<location id="B1756055FF99916FFBEC406DF9A1FEB0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FF87916FFDC045FAF928FD5E:B1756055FF99916FFBEC406DF9A1FEB0" box="[1056,1236,311,337]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-18.198" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="47.2815" name="Ambohitantely" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" stateProvince="Antananarivo prov.">Ambohitantely</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF99916FFB2F406FF804FEB0" box="[1251,1393,309,337]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="11.88" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="9" value="-18.198">18°11.88′ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF99916FFF714003FC3AFE94" box="[189,335,345,373]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="16.89" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="9" value="47.2815">47°16.89′ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFF99916FFE934000FC87FE95" box="[351,498,346,373]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="700.0">
<quantity id="73529B6BFF99916FFE934000FCDBFE94" box="[351,430,346,373]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="C014104EFF99916FFDCF4000FFBCFE95" box="[515,713,346,373]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="2004-12-07" valueMax="2004-12-22" valueMin="2004-12-07">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF99916FFDCF4000FFBCFE95" box="[515,713,346,373]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="2004-12-07" valueMax="2004-12-22" valueMin="2004-12-07">7–22 Dec. 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="195F5358FF99916FFD164001FE33FE95" box="[730,838,346,373]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">M. Irwin</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="195F5358FF99916FFC4B4001F944FE95" box="[903,1073,346,373]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">R. Harin’Hala</collectorName>
leg.; in sclerophyll forest;
<collectingMethod id="6DEB4E99FF99916FFF714027FC27FE79" box="[189,338,381,408]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
; MA-29-56; CASELOT#0050216;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFF99916FFD384024FE01FE79" box="[756,884,381,408]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">D. Dal Pos</determinerName>
det.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF99916FFC7A4024FE9AFE79" box="[950,1007,382,408]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="E40C9EF5FF99916FFC3A4027F9EFFE79" box="[1014,1178,381,408]" collectionCode="CAS" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="Museum">ENT8437522</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF99916FFF7140E5FC23FE38" box="[189,342,447,473]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF99916FFF7140E5FC23FE38" blockId="48.[189,342,447,473]" box="[189,342,447,473]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF99916FFF7140E5FC23FE38" bold="true" box="[189,342,447,473]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF99916FFF7140E5FC23FE38" bold="true" box="[189,342,447,473]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF99916FFF7140B4F837FDE9" box="[189,1346,493,520]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF99916FFF7140B4F837FDE9" blockId="48.[189,1346,493,520]" box="[189,1346,493,520]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF99916FFF7140B4FCE7FDE9" box="[189,402,494,520]" name="Madagascar" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
: Analamanga region (
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF99916FFD5F40B4FE55FDE9" bold="true" box="[659,800,494,520]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">new record</emphasis>
); Diana region (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF99916FFC2C40B7F9F9FDE9" author="Heinrich G." box="[992,1164,493,520]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich 1938</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF99916FFB6940B7F840FDE9" box="[1189,1333,493,520]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[305,1282,265,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-0@47.[305,1282,265,1938]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig. 24. Hoplophaeogenes curticornis Heinrich, 1938, ♀ (CAS). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, frontal view. C. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891663/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 24A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF99916FFF714375F928FD5E" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF99916FFF714375FC5AFDA8" blockId="48.[189,303,559,585]" box="[189,303,559,585]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF99916FFF714375FC5AFDA8" bold="true" box="[189,303,559,585]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF99916FFF714375FC5AFDA8" bold="true" box="[189,303,559,585]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF99916FFF714307F928FD5E" blockId="48.[189,1398,605,703]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
The only
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF99916FFEE14304FCAFFD96" box="[301,474,605,632]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
known are those belonging to the
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF99916FFCA24304FED4FD99" box="[878,929,606,632]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
series, from the Diana region (Northern
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF99916FFF7143DAFC25FD7A" box="[189,336,640,667]" name="Madagascar" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
). The specimen here recorded represents the first record of the species for the Analamanga region and, more importantly, for the central part of
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF99916FFCEE43FEFEC5FD5F" box="[802,944,676,702]" name="Madagascar" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF99916FFC0C43FEF925FD5E" box="[960,1104,676,703]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[189,232,1653,1679]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,757,1612]" captionTargetId="figure-130@48.[189,1399,757,1612]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 25. Distribution of Hoplophaeogenes curticornis Heinrich, 1938. A. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow star). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) regional records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891667/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 25A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

201
data/3C/03/87/3C038798FF879171FD9E4052FF55FB81.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
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<mods:title id="7A9BE601D8127D1F59F85A688E6AC157">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="1126961E139CDB210CEB96847CE51127">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6D75BC749439955D10C23A3E705E7B12">Noort, Simon Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="494505FAE6F01D20FA25144EEA6AEA82">Giovanni, Filippo Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="25DB073B21C11B518B0951F299FE9A9F">2023</mods:date>
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<heading id="EF5D81E2FF879171FD9E4052FE97FEC2" box="[594,994,264,291]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FD9E4052FE97FEC2" ID-CoL="4YNQ" ID-ENA="2915397" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[594,994,264,291]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplophaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FD9E4052FE5EFEC2" bold="true" box="[594,811,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Hoplophaeogenes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FCFE4053FE97FEC2" author="Heinrich G." box="[818,994,265,291]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF879171FF714017FCAAFE6D" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF879171FF714017FCAAFE6D" blockId="46.[189,1401,333,396]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF879171FF714017FFFBFE89" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,654,333,360]" page="125" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1938">
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FF714017FCE4FE86" box="[189,401,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Hoplophaeogenes</emphasis>
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.
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF879171FD574017FFA0FE86" box="[667,725,333,359]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Type</typeStatus>
species:
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FC844017F9FBFE86" box="[840,1166,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Hoplophaeogenes amoenus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FB544017F838FE86" author="Heinrich G." box="[1176,1357,333,359]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
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, by original designation.
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF879171FF7140ECFC43FE31" blockId="46.[189,310,438,464]" box="[189,310,438,464]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF879171FF7140ECFC43FE31" bold="true" box="[189,310,438,464]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FF7140ECFC43FE31" bold="true" box="[189,310,438,464]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF879171FF7140BDFC7CFC41" blockId="46.[188,1399,487,928]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FF7140BDFCE4FDE0" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,401,487,513]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplophaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FF7140BDFCE4FDE0" box="[189,401,487,513]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Hoplophaeogenes</emphasis>
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can easily be distinguished from the other Afrotropical genera of
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by the following combination of characters: (1) bidentate mandibles (unidentate in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FB8F4354F9E5FDC6" authorityName="Tosquinet" authorityYear="1903" box="[1091,1168,526,551]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FB8F4354F9E5FDC6" box="[1091,1168,526,551]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Lusius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FB064357F811FDC6" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1226,1380,525,551]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FB064357F811FDC6" box="[1226,1380,525,551]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Heterischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (2) thyridia and gastrocoeli indistinct (clearly present in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FCA94369FE90FDAC" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[869,997,563,589]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethecerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FCA94369FE90FDAC" box="[869,997,563,589]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Aethecerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FC3A4369F9A9FDAC" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1014,1244,563,589]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FC3A4369F9A9FDAC" box="[1014,1244,563,589]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Centeterichneumon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FB204369F81AFDAC" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[1260,1391,563,589]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Diadromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FB204369F81AFDAC" box="[1260,1391,563,589]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Diadromus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FF714302FC6DFD93" box="[189,280,600,626]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Kibalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FE934302FCBDFD93" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[351,456,600,626]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tycherus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FE934302FCBDFD93" box="[351,456,600,626]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Tycherus</emphasis>
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); (3) propodeal apophyses present (absent in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FC394302F902FD93" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[1013,1143,600,626]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethecerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FC394302F902FD93" box="[1013,1143,600,626]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Aethecerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FB454303F996FD92" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1952" box="[1161,1251,601,627]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Arearia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FB454303F996FD92" box="[1161,1251,601,627]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Arearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FB394302F81AFD93" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1269,1391,600,626]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FB394302F81AFD93" box="[1269,1391,600,626]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Chauvinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FF234324FC1BFD79" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[239,366,638,664]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Dicaelotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FF234324FC1BFD79" box="[239,366,638,664]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Dicaelotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The genus can further be distinguished by: upper tooth of mandible much longer than lower tooth; clypeus distinctly separated from face, its ventral margin acute and irregularly convex; hypostomal and occipital carinae joining distinctly above mandibular base; flagellum of female enlarged from middle on; pronotum somewhat enlarged ventrally, epomia weak; sternaulus deeply impressed, crenulate, reaching mid-length of mesopleuron; notauli indistinct; posterior transverse carina interrupted in front of mid coxae; fore wing with areolet pentagonal, closed; hind wing with distal abscissa of
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FF71423AFD93FC9B" box="[189,230,864,890]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">CU</emphasis>
present, unpigmented; tarsal claws simple; propodeum fully carinate (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FBE8423AF9A7FC9B" author="Heinrich G." box="[1060,1234,864,890]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich 1938</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FB13423AFD88FC41" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FAF0423BF81AFC9B" box="[1340,1391,864,890]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF879171FF714290FF55FB81" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF879171FF714290FC5AFC05" blockId="46.[189,303,970,996]" box="[189,303,970,996]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF879171FF714290FC5AFC05" bold="true" box="[189,303,970,996]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FF714290FC5AFC05" bold="true" box="[189,303,970,996]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF879171FF7142A0FF55FB81" blockId="46.[189,1399,1018,1120]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
The genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FE8042A0FF55FBF5" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[332,544,1018,1044]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplophaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FE8042A0FF55FBF5" box="[332,544,1018,1044]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Hoplophaeogenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF879171FD3E42A0FEF7FBF5" box="[754,898,1018,1044]" name="Madagascar" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, and prior to this contribution, no new specimens were known. Only two species have been described so far:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FC33457BF830FBDB" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1023,1349,1056,1082]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplophaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amoenus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FC33457BF9F9FBDB" box="[1023,1164,1057,1082]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">H. amoenus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FB58457AF830FBDB" author="Heinrich G." box="[1172,1349,1056,1082]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF879171FF72451DFF69FB81" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[190,540,1094,1120]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplophaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curticornis">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF879171FF72451DFC16FB81" box="[190,355,1095,1120]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">H. curticornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF879171FEA5451CFF69FB81" author="Heinrich G." box="[361,540,1094,1120]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<mods:title id="4FC145C5A15A6A9EC06D2B54FDE42BB5">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5888F89BC50572C2C3121DA11386B3A2">Pos, Davide Dal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2925CD8CF41D81B9C3CDCEFA0156D74B">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="23243B2ED230D59AE454F67AF0170AB8" type="email">daveliga@gmail.com;davide.dalpos@knights.ucf.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="DF890C95403F8805A01866398194B12C">Claridge, Brandon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9179ECAB1EC8659C7156820903D93604" type="email">brandonclaridge1@gmail.com;brandon.claridge@usu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4B43E115AD70D8DF20E775BB4696BBBF">Diller, Erich</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1680727DE5047C02C6CCF89206FDF9AC">Noort, Simon Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CF9B4B749E912FE961AB648EB0D879D8">Giovanni, Filippo Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6AF9A445AD513EEA42D61D611212B264" type="email">aphelocheirus@gmail.com;filippo.digiovanni@unisi.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="28B950AB00820D4B083A7AAEB42A70CE">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="984D2E31B336E751DD3D67F1A9F915A7">
<mods:date id="7E8B87F38EEAA64C04BBC34EB55F68D4">2023</mods:date>
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<heading id="EF5D81E2FF88917EFDC54052F95EFEC2" box="[521,1067,264,291]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF88917EFDC54052F95EFEC2" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[521,1067,264,291]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF88917EFDC54052FF9FFEC2" bold="true" box="[521,746,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Chauvinia nyanga</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF88917EFD3D4053F95EFEC2" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[753,1067,265,291]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF88917EFD4B4076FED8FEA7" box="[647,941,300,326]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF88917EFD4B4076FED8FEA7" blockId="33.[521,1067,264,326]" box="[647,941,300,326]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF88917EFD4B4076FE6DFEA7" box="[647,792,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,727,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-203@27.[189,1399,727,1923]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 12. Head, frontal view. A–B. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov. A. ♀, holotype (EMUS). B. ♂, paratype (EMUS). – C–D. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013. C. ♀ (EMUS). D. ♂ (EMUS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891627/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 12C–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF88917EFCE84076FE22FEA7" box="[804,855,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1370,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-380@28.[189,1399,1370,1924]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 13. Habitus, lateral view, ♂. A. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., paratype (EMUS). B. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 (EMUS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891629/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">13B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF88917EFCAF4076FED8FEA7" box="[867,941,300,326]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="33.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionStartId-1="34.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,778,1922]" captionTargetBox-1="[205,1385,265,1926]" captionTargetId-0="figure-89@33.[189,1399,778,1922]" captionTargetId-1="figure-32@34.[205,1385,265,1933]" captionTargetPageId-0="33" captionTargetPageId-1="34" captionText-0="Fig. 17. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013, ♀ (EMUS). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, lateral view. C. Metasoma, dorsal view." captionText-1="Fig. 18. Distribution of Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013. A. Previous (blue dots) and new occurrence records (yellow star). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) country records." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891643" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891647" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7891643/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7891647/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">17–18</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF88917EFF714037F85EFE69" blockId="33.[189,1323,365,392]" box="[189,1323,365,392]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF88917EFF714037FFF9FE69" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[189,652,365,392]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF88917EFF714037FCE0FE66" box="[189,405,365,391]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Chauvinia nyanga</emphasis>
Rousse &amp; van Noort
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF88917EFD7E4034FE9EFE66" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[690,1003,365,392]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF88917EFCC24034FE37FE66" box="[782,834,365,391]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
., 2013: 21–26
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(original description, key).
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF88917EFF7140F4FF9CFE28" blockId="33.[189,745,430,457]" box="[189,745,430,457]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF88917EFF7140F4FCE0FE29" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[189,405,430,456]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF88917EFF7140F4FCE0FE29" box="[189,405,430,456]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Chauvinia nyanga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF88917EFE7D40F5FF23FE29" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[433,598,430,457]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref23600" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive, Nepean, Ontario, Canada." type="book" year="2016">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF88917EFE1440F5FF7EFE29" box="[472,523,430,456]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
(catalogue).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF88917EFF7140AAFCC4FDEB" blockId="33.[189,433,496,522]" box="[189,433,496,522]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF88917EFF7140AAFCC4FDEB" bold="true" box="[189,433,496,522]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF88917EFF7140AAFCC4FDEB" bold="true" box="[189,433,496,522]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Original type series</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF88917EFF714344FF91FDD8" blockId="33.[189,852,542,604]" box="[189,740,542,569]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF88917EFF714344FF91FDD8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112323" box="[189,740,542,569]" collectionCode="ZMHB" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF88917EFF714344FC5AFDD9" box="[189,303,542,568]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
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, by original designation (
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).
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF88917EFF714318FE21FDBD" blockId="33.[189,852,542,604]" box="[189,852,578,604]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF88917EFF714318FCA8FDBD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112348" box="[189,477,578,604]" collectionCode="ZMHB" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF88917EFF714318FC41FDBD" box="[189,308,578,604]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF88917EFEF34318FC1EFDBD" box="[319,363,578,604]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF88917EFEB64318FCA0FDBD" box="[378,469,578,604]" collectionName="Germany, Berlin, Museum fuer Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitaet" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ZMHB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF88917EFE264318FFFFFDBD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112346" box="[490,650,578,604]" collectionCode="MRAC" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF88917EFE264318FF63FDBD" box="[490,534,578,604]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF88917EFDE94318FFF7FDBD" box="[549,642,578,604]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">MRAC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF88917EFD5A4318FE21FDBD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112352" box="[662,852,578,604]" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF88917EFD5A4318FFB7FDBD" box="[662,706,578,604]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF88917EFD1E4318FE3DFDBD" box="[722,840,578,604]" collectionName="NHMUK" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">NHMUK</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF88917EFF7143D9FC28FD7C" blockId="33.[189,349,643,669]" box="[189,349,643,669]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF88917EFF7143D9FC28FD7C" bold="true" box="[189,349,643,669]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF88917EFF7143D9FC28FD7C" bold="true" box="[189,349,643,669]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Type locality</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF88917EFF7143E8FF23FD2D" blockId="33.[189,598,690,716]" box="[189,598,690,716]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF88917EFF7143E8FC4AFD2D" box="[189,319,690,716]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
: Nyanga National Park.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF88917EFF7146F3FE6CF806" blockId="33.[188,1398,1961,2023]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF88917EFF7146F3FC6DF822" bold="true" box="[189,280,1961,1987]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF88917EFED146F0FE45F825" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[285,816,1962,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF88917EFED146F0FC81F822" box="[285,500,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Chauvinia nyanga</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF88917EFE3446F0FE45F825" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[504,816,1962,1988]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (EMUS).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF88917EFC0546F3FEABF822" bold="true" box="[969,990,1961,1987]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF88917EFB2A46F0F98FF825" bold="true" box="[1254,1274,1962,1988]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">B</emphasis>
. Head and mesosoma, lateral view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF88917EFE124697FC86F806" bold="true" box="[478,499,1997,2023]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">C</emphasis>
. Metasoma, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E0D56606FF8B917DFF7146F0F9CDF809" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891647" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891647" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891647/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" startId="34.[189,232,1962,1988]" targetBox="[205,1385,265,1926]" targetPageId="34">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8B917DFF7146F0F9CDF809" blockId="34.[189,1399,1962,2025]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8B917DFF7146F0FC6CF825" bold="true" box="[189,281,1962,1988]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 18.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8B917DFE1946F0FE84F824" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[469,1009,1962,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8B917DFE1946F0FFD8F825" box="[469,685,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Chauvinia nyanga</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8B917DFD7846F1FE84F824" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[692,1009,1963,1989]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8B917DFC3146F0F967F825" bold="true" box="[1021,1042,1962,1988]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A</emphasis>
. Previous (blue dots) and new occurrence records (yellow star).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8B917DFD8A4694FF2FF809" bold="true" box="[582,602,1998,2024]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B</emphasis>
. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) country records.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8A917CFF714052FCDFFEC3" blockId="35.[189,426,264,290]" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8A917CFF714052FCDFFEC3" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8A917CFF714052FCDFFEC3" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8A917CFF714063FFD6FDD2" blockId="35.[189,1399,313,564]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8A917CFF714063F9B5FEB2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112341" box="[189,1216,313,340]" collectingDate="1971-09" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" determinerName="B. Claridge" elevation="1829" location="Karen" municipality="Nairobi" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8A917CFF714063FC55FEB2" box="[189,288,313,339]" name="Kenya" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">KENYA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFE8C4063FCF3FEB5" box="[320,390,313,340]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
;
<location id="B1756055FF8A917CFE554060FC91FEB5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FF88917CFDC54052F86EFC14:B1756055FF8A917CFE554060FC91FEB5" box="[409,484,314,340]" country="Kenya" municipality="Nairobi" name="Karen" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Karen</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5471ACF4FF8A917CFE3F4063FF25FEB2" box="[499,592,313,339]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Nairobi</collectingMunicipality>
;
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFF8A917CFDAC4063FF89FEB2" box="[608,764,313,339]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="ft" value="6000.0">
<quantity id="73529B6BFF8A917CFDAC4063FFCDFEB2" box="[608,696,313,339]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="ft" value="6000.0">6000 ft</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="C014104EFF8A917CFCC14063FEFFFEB2" box="[781,906,313,339]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1971-09">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF8A917CFCC14063FEFFFEB2" box="[781,906,313,339]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1971-09">Sep. 1971</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFF8A917CFC564060F950FEB2" box="[922,1061,313,340]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">B. Claridge</determinerName>
det.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8A917CFBA34063F9B5FEB2" box="[1135,1216,313,339]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8A917CFB2D4063FEC8FE98" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112334" collectingDate="1971-10" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" determinerName="B. Claridge" elevation="2000" location="Karen" municipality="Nairobi" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFB2D4063F85DFEB5" box="[1249,1320,313,340]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFF8A917CFDF34005FFACFE99" box="[575,729,350,377]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<quantity id="73529B6BFF8A917CFDF34005FFECFE98" box="[575,665,351,377]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="C014104EFF8A917CFD2B4005FE2AFE98" box="[743,863,351,377]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1971-10">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF8A917CFD2B4005FE2AFE98" box="[743,863,351,377]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1971-10">Oct. 1971</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8A917CFCA04005FEC8FE98" box="[876,957,351,377]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8A917CFC1B4005FFF6FE7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112320" collectingDate="1972-05" collectingDateMax="1972-06-31" collectingDateMin="1972-05" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" determinerName="B. Claridge" elevation="2000" location="Karen" municipality="Nairobi" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="5">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFC1B4005F971FE98" box="[983,1028,351,377]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFBDF4004F92DFE98" box="[1043,1112,350,377]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="male">5 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<date id="C014104EFF8A917CFEA740DEFF50FE7F" box="[363,549,388,414]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-05" valueMax="1972-06-31" valueMin="1972-05-00">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF8A917CFEA740DEFF50FE7F" box="[363,549,388,414]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-05" valueMax="1972-06-31" valueMin="1972-05-00">May–Jun. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8A917CFDFE40DEFFF6FE7F" box="[562,643,388,414]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8A917CFD5240DEFC7BFE22" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112329" collectingDate="1972-01" collectingDateMax="1972-03-31" collectingDateMin="1972-01" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" determinerName="B. Claridge" elevation="2000" location="Karen" municipality="Nairobi" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="3">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFD5240DEFFBFFE7F" box="[670,714,388,414]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFD1540DEFE6AFE7F" box="[729,799,388,414]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same label data as for preceding;
<date id="C014104EFF8A917CFB7440DEF807FE7F" box="[1208,1394,388,414]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-01" valueMax="1972-03-31" valueMin="1972-01-00">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF8A917CFB7440DEF807FE7F" box="[1208,1394,388,414]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-01" valueMax="1972-03-31" valueMin="1972-01-00">Jan.–Mar. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8A917CFF7140F3FC7BFE22" box="[189,270,425,451]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8A917CFEEB40F3FEB4FE22" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112304" box="[295,961,425,452]" collectingDate="1972-08" collectingDateMax="1972-03-31" collectingDateMin="1972-01" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" determinerName="B. Claridge" elevation="2000" location="Karen" municipality="Nairobi" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFEEB40F3FC20FE25" box="[295,341,425,452]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; same label data as for preceding;
<date id="C014104EFF8A917CFD2A40F3FE11FE22" box="[742,868,425,451]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-08">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF8A917CFD2A40F3FE11FE22" box="[742,868,425,451]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-08">Aug. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8A917CFCBC40F3FEB4FE22" box="[880,961,425,451]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8A917CFC1640F3FFC3FE08" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112350" collectingDate="1972-09" collectingDateMax="1972-03-31" collectingDateMin="1972-01" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" determinerName="B. Claridge" elevation="2000" location="Karen" municipality="Nairobi" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="4">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFC1640F3F969FE25" box="[986,1052,425,452]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFBE540F3F91BFE25" box="[1065,1134,425,452]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="male">4 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same label data as for preceding;
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFF8A917CFEF34095FCA3FE09" box="[319,470,462,489]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<quantity id="73529B6BFF8A917CFEF34095FCE2FE08" box="[319,407,463,489]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="C014104EFF8A917CFE2E4095FF2FFE08" box="[482,602,463,489]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-09">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF8A917CFE2E4095FF2FFE08" box="[482,602,463,489]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-09">Sep. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8A917CFDA94095FFC3FE08" box="[613,694,463,489]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8A917CFD014095FC7BFDEF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112340" collectingDate="1972-10" collectingDateMax="1972-03-31" collectingDateMin="1972-01" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" determinerName="B. Claridge" elevation="2000" location="Karen" municipality="Nairobi" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="15" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="13">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFD014095FE7AFE08" box="[717,783,463,489]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFCD04095FE1BFE08" box="[796,878,463,489]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="male">13 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same label data as for preceding;
<date id="C014104EFF8A917CFB304095F807FE08" box="[1276,1394,463,489]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-10">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF8A917CFB304095F807FE08" box="[1276,1394,463,489]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-10">Oct. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8A917CFF7140AEFC7BFDEF" box="[189,270,500,526]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8A917CFEE440AEF95AFDEF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112305" box="[296,1071,500,526]" collectingDate="1972-11" collectingDateMax="1972-03-31" collectingDateMin="1972-01" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" determinerName="B. Claridge" elevation="2000" location="Karen" municipality="Nairobi" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="8">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFEE440AEFC1EFDEF" box="[296,363,500,526]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFEB540AEFCCBFDEF" box="[377,446,500,526]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="male">8 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same label data as for preceding;
<date id="C014104EFF8A917CFC9840AEFEA4FDEF" box="[852,977,500,526]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-11">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF8A917CFC9840AEFEA4FDEF" box="[852,977,500,526]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-11">Nov. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8A917CFC1240AEF95AFDEF" box="[990,1071,500,526]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8A917CFB8440AEFFEAFDD2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112327" collectingDate="1972-12" collectingDateMax="1972-03-31" collectingDateMin="1972-01" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" determinerName="B. Claridge" elevation="2000" location="Karen" municipality="Nairobi" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="17" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="15">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFB8440AEF9FEFDEF" box="[1096,1163,500,526]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8A917CFB5540AEF998FDEF" box="[1177,1261,500,527]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="male">15 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same label data as for preceding;
<date id="C014104EFF8A917CFE0E4340FF4BFDD2" box="[450,574,537,564]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-12">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF8A917CFE0E4340FF4BFDD2" box="[450,574,537,564]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1972-12">Dec. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8A917CFD864343FFEAFDD2" box="[586,671,537,563]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8A917CFF714306FC16FD2C" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8A917CFF714306FC23FD97" blockId="35.[189,342,604,630]" box="[189,342,604,630]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8A917CFF714306FC23FD97" bold="true" box="[189,342,604,630]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8A917CFF714306FC23FD97" bold="true" box="[189,342,604,630]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8A917CFF7143D7FC16FD2C" blockId="35.[189,1399,653,717]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8A917CFF7143D7FF32FD49" box="[189,583,653,680]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8A917CFD9643D7FFCCFD46" box="[602,697,653,679]" name="Uganda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Uganda</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8A917CFD0143D7FE3FFD46" box="[717,842,653,679]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8A917CFCAD43D4F922FD49" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[865,1111,653,680]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8A917CFC0B43D4F977FD46" box="[967,1026,653,679]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8A917CFBBF43D4F9B5FD49" box="[1139,1216,654,680]" name="Kenya" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8A917CFB1543D4F818FD49" bold="true" box="[1241,1389,654,680]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">new record</emphasis>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF8A917CFF0A43E9FC23FD2C" box="[198,342,691,717]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="34.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[205,1385,265,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-32@34.[205,1385,265,1933]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Fig. 18. Distribution of Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013. A. Previous (blue dots) and new occurrence records (yellow star). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) country records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891647" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891647/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 18A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8A917CFF7143ACF86EFC14" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8A917CFF7143ACFC5AFCF1" blockId="35.[189,303,758,784]" box="[189,303,758,784]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8A917CFF7143ACFC5AFCF1" bold="true" box="[189,303,758,784]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8A917CFF7143ACFC5AFCF1" bold="true" box="[189,303,758,784]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8A917CFF714272F87EFC50" blockId="35.[189,1399,807,946]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
In the original description,
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8A917CFE364272FE64FCA0" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[506,785,807,834]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8A917CFD994272FFE5FCA0" box="[597,656,807,833]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al.</emphasis>
(2013: 23)
</bibRefCitation>
reported that the mesosoma is mostly black, with “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8A917CFAA44272FE83FC87" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">a longitudinal stripe on mesopleuron sometimes lightening to pale yellow</emphasis>
” (see
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8A917CFBF14217F860FC87" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[1085,1301,844,871]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8A917CFB594217F9BCFC87" box="[1173,1225,844,870]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 8e). However, the female specimens from
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8A917CFD4F4228FFA5FC6D" box="[643,720,882,908]" name="Kenya" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Kenya</collectingCountry>
here examined display a larger yellow area reaching the middle of the mesopleuron and extending to the mesosternum, at least partially (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF8A917CFBA242CDF98BFC50" box="[1134,1278,919,945]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,778,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-89@33.[189,1399,778,1922]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 17. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013, ♀ (EMUS). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, lateral view. C. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891643" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891643/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 17A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8A917CFF714280F86EFC14" blockId="35.[189,1307,986,1013]" box="[189,1307,986,1013]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
The
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recorded from
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represent the first record for the country (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF8A917CFBB24280F87BFC14" box="[1150,1294,986,1013]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="34.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[205,1385,265,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-32@34.[205,1385,265,1933]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Fig. 18. Distribution of Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013. A. Previous (blue dots) and new occurrence records (yellow star). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) country records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891647" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891647/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 18A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<mods:title id="B440486693399E1C21E5A46148A14597">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF8A917CFF714544F9ECFBD9" blockId="35.[189,1177,1054,1081]" box="[189,1177,1054,1081]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8A917CFF714544FE74FBD9" bold="true" box="[189,769,1054,1081]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Key to the species of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8A917CFE0E4544FE74FBD9" ID-CoL="3MFW" ID-ENA="2079933" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[450,769,1054,1081]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8A917CFE0E4544FF34FBD8" bold="true" box="[450,577,1054,1081]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Chauvinia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8A917CFD854544FE74FBD9" author="Heinrich G." box="[585,769,1054,1080]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(updated from
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8A917CFC7B4545F9E4FBD9" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[951,1169,1054,1081]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8A917CFBDF4545F933FBD9" box="[1043,1094,1054,1080]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
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)
</paragraph>
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<key id="C03B61BFFF8A917AFF714760F802FB7F" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8A917BFF714760F802FCF8" blockId="35.[189,1399,1593,1655]" lastBlockId="36.[193,1399,731,793]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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1. Dorsal margin of pronotum predominantly yellowish-white (A, B); female antenna with annulus spanning 2 flagellomeres (B); tropical Africa.................................................................................... 2 – Dorsal margin of pronotum orangish-brown, concolorous with the rest of pronotum (a, b); female antennae with annulus on 6flagellomeres (a, b);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8D917BFCEE43A4FEC5FCF9" box="[802,944,766,792]" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
........................................................... 3
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF8D917BFF714527F802FAE1" blockId="36.[189,1399,1148,1281]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFF8D917BFF714527F802FAE1" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
2. Female predominantly black to dark brown (A); 2
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tergite of metasoma shorter, 2× as long as wide (B); male generally darker in colour (predominantly black to dark brown) with a more restricted yellowish-white to yellow longitudinal area on the mesopleuron (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF8D917BFBC84599F907FB3C" box="[1028,1138,1219,1245]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1370,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-380@28.[189,1399,1370,1924]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 13. Habitus, lateral view, ♂. A. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., paratype (EMUS). B. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 (EMUS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891629/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
); mesopleuron finely, sparsely punctate (C) ...............................................................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8D917BFC7645BCF802FAE1" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[954,1399,1254,1281]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8D917BFC7645BCF943FAE0" bold="true" box="[954,1078,1254,1281]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">C. nyanga</emphasis>
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– Female predominantly brownish-orange (a); 2
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tergites of metasoma longer, 3× as long as wide (b); male generally lighter in colour (predominantly light to dark brown) with a more extensive yellowish-white area on the mesopleuron (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF8D917BFD3E47EAFE16F92B" box="[754,867,1712,1738]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1370,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-380@28.[189,1399,1370,1924]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 13. Habitus, lateral view, ♂. A. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., paratype (EMUS). B. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 (EMUS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891629/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
); mesopleuron impunctate except for a few scattered, nearly indistinct punctures (c) .................................................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8D917BFBFF4789F860F90C" authority="Claridge" authorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[1075,1301,1747,1773]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ganota" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8D917BFBFF4789F9DDF90C" bold="true" box="[1075,1192,1747,1773]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">C. ganota</emphasis>
Claridge
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FF8D917BFAD0478EF802F90F" box="[1308,1399,1748,1774]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C917AFF71431CF802FD2E" blockId="37.[189,1399,581,719]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFF8C917AFF71431CF802FD2E" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
3. Apex of propodeum elongated between hind coxae, reaching half their length (A); clypeus strongly transverse, less than 3 × as wide as long (B); metasoma of female strongly elongated, longer than hind leg, with ventral margins of 3
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and following tergites overlapping (C)...................................... ............................................................................................................
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFBC543EFF9CAFD2E" bold="true" box="[1033,1215,692,719]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. pelecinoides</emphasis>
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– Apex of propodeum hardly elongated between hind coxae (a); clypeus extremely transverse, more than 3× as wide as long (b); metasoma of female shorter than or as long as hind leg, with ventral margins of 4
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and following tergites overlapping (c)...................................
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFB9B45DEF9CAFB7E" bold="true" box="[1111,1215,1156,1183]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. nitida</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFF714451FC2DFAC4" box="[189,344,1291,1317]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Heterischnus</emphasis>
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. Nomen nudum.
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, by original designation. Synonymized by
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFBC64420F9D6FA75" box="[1034,1187,1402,1428]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Rhexidermus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFB674421F83CFA75" author="Forster A." box="[1195,1353,1402,1429]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="135 - 221" refId="ref21760" refString="Forster A. 1869. Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Ichneumonen. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens 25: 135 - 221." type="journal article" year="1869">Förster, 1869</bibRefCitation>
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.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C917AFF7144C5F9BBFA3F" blockId="37.[189,1399,1291,1652]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF8C917AFF7144C5F9BBFA3F" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFF7144C5FF32FA5B" author="Viereck H. L." box="[189,583,1439,1466]" page="77" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1914">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFF7144C5FF32FA5B" authority="Viereck, 1914: 77" authorityName="Viereck" authorityPageNumber="77" authorityYear="1914" box="[189,583,1439,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ischnopsidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFF7144C5FC2DFA58" box="[189,344,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ischnopsidea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFEA944C5FF32FA5B" author="Viereck H. L." box="[357,583,1439,1466]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 186" refId="ref23352" refString="Viereck H. L. 1914. Type species of the genera of ichneumon flies. United States National Museum Bulletin 83: 1 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.83.1" type="journal article" year="1914">Viereck, 1914: 77</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF8C917AFD9444FAFFE7FA5B" box="[600,658,1440,1466]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFCC644C5F9ABFA5B" authority="Gravenhorst, 1829" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1829" box="[778,1246,1439,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracicus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFCC644C5FE98FA58" box="[778,1005,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ischnus thoracicus</emphasis>
Gravenhorst, 1829
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation. Synonymized by
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFD81449FFE4CFA3E" author="Townes H. K." box="[589,825,1476,1503]" page="305" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1944">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFD81449FFE4CFA3E" author="Townes H. K." box="[589,825,1476,1503]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref23100" refString="Townes H. K. 1944. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Nearctic Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I. The Subfamilies Ichneumoninae, Tryphoninae, Crytinae, Phaeogeninae and Lissonotinae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 11, American Entomological Society, Philadelphia. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 38650198 [accessed 14 Mar. 2023]." type="url" year="1944">Townes (1944: 305)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
under
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFC46449EF9BCFA3F" authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[906,1225,1476,1503]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Rhexidermus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFC46449EF956FA3F" box="[906,1059,1476,1502]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Rhexidermus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFBE7449FF9BCFA3F" author="Forster A." box="[1067,1225,1476,1503]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="135 - 221" refId="ref21760" refString="Forster A. 1869. Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Ichneumonen. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens 25: 135 - 221." type="journal article" year="1869">Förster, 1869</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C917AFF7144B0F94DF9C8" blockId="37.[189,1399,1291,1652]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF8C917AFF7144B0F94DF9C8" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFF7144B0FF14F9E5" author="Provancher L." box="[189,609,1513,1540]" page="272" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1875">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFF7144B0FF14F9E5" authority="Provancher, 1875: 272" authorityName="Provancher" authorityPageNumber="272" authorityYear="1875" box="[189,609,1513,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Posocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFF7144B0FC3BF9E2" box="[189,334,1514,1539]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Posocentrus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFE9944B0FF14F9E5" author="Provancher L." box="[341,609,1513,1540]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="263 - 274" refId="ref22385" refString="Provancher L. 1875. Les ichneumonides du Quebec. Le Naturaliste canadien 7: 20 - 26, 74 - 84, 175 - 183, 263 - 274." type="journal article" year="1875">Provancher, 1875: 272</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF8C917AFDA644B0FFD1F9E5" box="[618,676,1514,1540]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFCC244B0F9BFF9E5" authority="Provancher, 1875" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1875" box="[782,1226,1513,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Posocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huardi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFCC244B0FE86F9E5" box="[782,1011,1514,1540]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Posocentrus huardi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFC3644B0F9BFF9E5" author="Provancher L." box="[1018,1226,1513,1540]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="263 - 274" refId="ref22385" refString="Provancher L. 1875. Les ichneumonides du Quebec. Le Naturaliste canadien 7: 20 - 26, 74 - 84, 175 - 183, 263 - 274." type="journal article" year="1875">Provancher, 1875</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy. Synonymized by
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFE7B4755FFD7F9CB" author="Townes H. K." box="[439,674,1551,1578]" page="305" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1944">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFE7B4755FFD7F9CB" author="Townes H. K." box="[439,674,1551,1578]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref23100" refString="Townes H. K. 1944. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Nearctic Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I. The Subfamilies Ichneumoninae, Tryphoninae, Crytinae, Phaeogeninae and Lissonotinae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 11, American Entomological Society, Philadelphia. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 38650198 [accessed 14 Mar. 2023]." type="url" year="1944">Townes (1944: 305)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
under
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFD384755F946F9C8" authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[756,1075,1551,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Rhexidermus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFD384755FEF8F9C8" box="[756,909,1551,1577]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Rhexidermus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFC594755F946F9C8" author="Forster A." box="[917,1075,1551,1577]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="135 - 221" refId="ref21760" refString="Forster A. 1869. Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Ichneumonen. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens 25: 135 - 221." type="journal article" year="1869">Förster, 1869</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C917AFF71476EF93FF995" blockId="37.[189,1399,1291,1652]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF8C917AFF71476EF93FF995" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFF71476EFF4CF9AF" author="Forster A." box="[189,569,1588,1614]" page="192" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1869">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFF71476EFF4CF9AF" authority="Forster, 1869: 192" authorityName="Forster" authorityPageNumber="192" authorityYear="1869" box="[189,569,1588,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Rhexidermus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFF71476EFC23F9AF" box="[189,342,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Rhexidermus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFE92476EFF4CF9AF" author="Forster A." box="[350,569,1588,1614]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="135 - 221" refId="ref21760" refString="Forster A. 1869. Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Ichneumonen. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens 25: 135 - 221." type="journal article" year="1869">Förster, 1869: 192</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF8C917AFD89476EFF0AF9AF" box="[581,639,1588,1614]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFD20476EF9B7F9AF" authority="Ashmead, 1906" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1906" box="[748,1218,1588,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Rhexidermus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFD20476EFE8AF9AF" box="[748,1023,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Rhexidermus japonicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFBCB476EF9B7F9AF" author="Ashmead W. H." box="[1031,1218,1588,1614]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="169 - 201" refId="ref20594" refString="Ashmead W. H. 1906. Descriptions of new Hymenoptera from Japan. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 30: 169 - 201. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.30 - 1448.169" type="journal article" year="1906">Ashmead, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by subsequent monotypy by
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFE404703FFFAF992" author="Ashmead W. H." box="[396,655,1625,1651]" page="171" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFE404703FFFAF992" author="Ashmead W. H." box="[396,655,1625,1651]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="169 - 201" refId="ref20594" refString="Ashmead W. H. 1906. Descriptions of new Hymenoptera from Japan. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 30: 169 - 201. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.30 - 1448.169" type="journal article" year="1906">Ashmead (1906: 171)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Synonymized by
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8C917AFCA44703F933F995" author="Perkins J. F." box="[872,1094,1625,1652]" page="77" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFCA44703F933F995" author="Perkins J. F." box="[872,1094,1625,1652]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref22346" refString="Perkins J. F. 1959. Hymenoptera. Ichneumonoidea. Ichneumonidae, Key to Subfamilies and Ichneumoninae - 1. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 7, Royal Entomological Society, St Albans, UK." type="book" year="1959">Perkins (1959: 77)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8C9179FF7147C6FFC8FEA7" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C917AFF7147C6FC43F957" blockId="37.[189,310,1692,1718]" box="[189,310,1692,1718]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8C917AFF7147C6FC43F957" bold="true" box="[189,310,1692,1718]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFF7147C6FC43F957" bold="true" box="[189,310,1692,1718]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8C9179FF714797FFC8FEA7" blockId="37.[186,1399,1741,2025]" lastBlockId="38.[189,1398,265,326]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
The unidentate and falcate mandibles set
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFD474797FEABF909" authority="Wesmael, 1859" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[651,990,1741,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFD474797FE53F906" box="[651,806,1741,1767]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Heterischnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8C917AFCE14797FEABF909" author="Wesmael C." box="[813,990,1741,1768]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref23391" refString="Wesmael C. 1859. Remarques critiques sur diverses especes d'ichneumons de la collection de feu le Professeur J. L. C. Gravenhorst, d'un court appendice ichneumonologique. Memoires couronnes de l'Academie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique 8: 1 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 67718" type="journal article" year="1859">Wesmael, 1859</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
apart from all the other Afrotropical genera of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFEE047A8FCB5F8ED" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[300,448,1778,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Phaeogenini">Phaeogenini</taxonomicName>
, except for
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8C917AFD8B47A9FFE1F8ED" authorityName="Tosquinet" authorityYear="1903" box="[583,660,1779,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFD8B47A9FFE1F8ED" box="[583,660,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Lusius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it can be distinguished by the presence of vein
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFA8A47A8FDA7F8D0" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">3rsm</emphasis>
(areolet closed) in the fore wing and the abscissa of
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8C917AFCF64642FE16F8D3" box="[826,867,1816,1842]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">CU</emphasis>
in the hind wing. Additionally, the genus can be separated from other genera by the following combination of characters: (1) clypeus separated from face by clupeal suture; (2) basal flagellar segments slender and long; (3) vertex long and slightly convex behind ocelli; (4) hypostomal carina joining occipital carina distinctly at or above mandibular base; (5) epicnemial carina strongly raised ventrally and flexed over the base of the fore coxae; (6) notauli distinct anteriorly, deep and long; (7) tarsal claws simple; (8) gastrocoeli nearly indistinct to deep, thyridia wide; (9) ovipositor extending relatively strongly beyond apex of metasoma (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FBD54053F9C9FEC5" author="Perkins J. F." box="[1049,1212,265,292]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref22346" refString="Perkins J. F. 1959. Hymenoptera. Ichneumonoidea. Ichneumonidae, Key to Subfamilies and Ichneumoninae - 1. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 7, Royal Entomological Society, St Albans, UK." type="book" year="1959">Perkins 1959</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FB074053FD8EFEA7" author="Selfa J. &amp; Diller E." pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="237 - 252" refId="ref22784" refString="Selfa J. &amp; Diller E. 1994. Illustrated key to the Western Palearctic genera of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Entomofauna 15: 237 - 252." type="journal article" year="1994">Selfa &amp; Diller 1994</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FECB4076FC96FEA7" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[263,483,299,326]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FEAF4076FCEBFEA4" box="[355,414,299,325]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FE234071FFD2FEA7" author="Claridge B." box="[495,679,299,326]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="57 - 79" refId="ref20839" refString="Claridge B. 2021 b. Revision of Nearctic Heterischnus Wesmael, 1859 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae, Phaeogenini). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 57 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / jhr. 85.67792" type="journal article" year="2021">Claridge 2021b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8F9179FF714036FF96FB55" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF714036FC5AFE67" blockId="38.[189,303,364,390]" box="[189,303,364,390]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8F9179FF714036FC5AFE67" bold="true" box="[189,303,364,390]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FF714036FC5AFE67" bold="true" box="[189,303,364,390]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF7140C0FF5EFD65" blockId="38.[188,1399,410,644]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FF7140C0FF64FE54" authority="Wesmael, 1859" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[189,529,410,437]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FF7140C0FC2DFE55" box="[189,344,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Heterischnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FE9240C0FF64FE54" author="Wesmael C." box="[350,529,410,437]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref23391" refString="Wesmael C. 1859. Remarques critiques sur diverses especes d'ichneumons de la collection de feu le Professeur J. L. C. Gravenhorst, d'un court appendice ichneumonologique. Memoires couronnes de l'Academie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique 8: 1 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 67718" type="journal article" year="1859">Wesmael, 1859</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in the Afrotropical, Nearctic, and Palearctic regions (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FB0740C0F807FE55" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[1227,1394,410,436]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref23600" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive, Nepean, Ontario, Canada." type="book" year="2016">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FB3840C1F85BFE55" box="[1268,1326,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FF7040E7FC02FE39" author="Claridge B." box="[188,375,445,472]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="57 - 79" refId="ref20839" refString="Claridge B. 2021 b. Revision of Nearctic Heterischnus Wesmael, 1859 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae, Phaeogenini). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 57 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / jhr. 85.67792" type="journal article" year="2021">Claridge 2021b</bibRefCitation>
). Previous to this contribution, 5 species were recorded in the Afrotropic (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FB1040E7FD8EFE18" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FAF040E4F802FE36" box="[1340,1399,445,471]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FEC540BAFCC9FE1B" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[265,444,479,506]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref23600" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive, Nepean, Ontario, Canada." type="book" year="2016">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FEF940BAFC06FE18" box="[309,371,479,505]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
), but, with
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FD8640BAF959FE18" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[586,1068,479,506]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FD8640BAFFACFE18" box="[586,729,479,505]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. mkomazi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FD2840BAF959FE18" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[740,1068,479,506]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
being herein transferred to the genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FEF54358FF75FDFD" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" box="[313,512,514,540]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FEF54358FF75FDFD" box="[313,512,514,540]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Nesostenodontus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see below for the complete analyses), the current number of Afrotropical species is 4, namely:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FE7B437FFE6DFDDE" authority="(Heinrich, 1936)" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[439,792,548,575]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FE7B437FFF3FFDDE" box="[439,586,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. africanus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FD95437EFE7AFDDE" author="Heinrich G." box="[601,783,548,575]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich, 1936</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FCE8437FF915FDDE" authority="Schonitzer, 1999" authorityName="Schonitzer" authorityYear="1999" box="[804,1120,548,575]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karusi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FCE8437FFEE4FDDF" box="[804,913,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. karusi</emphasis>
Schönitzer, 1999
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FBA1437FFCF5FD80" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mfongosi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FBA1437FF988FDDE" box="[1133,1277,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. mfongosi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FACF437FFCF5FD80" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FE714312FE51FD80" authority="(Heinrich, 1938)" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[445,804,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FE714312FF26FD80" box="[445,595,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FDA8431DFE6EFD80" author="Heinrich G." box="[612,795,583,609]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. As a result of the transfer, the genus is no longer recorded for
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8F9179FE9A4330FCC6FD65" box="[342,435,618,644]" name="Senegal" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Senegal</collectingCountry>
(
<tableCitation id="F9280335FF8F9179FE0E4330FF6FFD65" box="[450,538,618,644]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="64.[189,258,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Table 1 (continued on next page). Checklist and distribution of Phaeogenini Förster, 1869 in the Afrotropical region. * = identifies new species and/or records." pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF7143F1FC5AFD24" blockId="38.[189,303,683,709]" box="[189,303,683,709]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8F9179FF7143F1FC5AFD24" bold="true" box="[189,303,683,709]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FF7143F1FC5AFD24" bold="true" box="[189,303,683,709]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF714382FF96FB55" blockId="38.[188,1399,728,1204]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
Despite being currently a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FD5F4382FE5BFD13" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[659,814,728,754]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FD5F4382FE5BFD13" box="[659,814,728,754]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Heterischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FCF34382FE87FD13" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[831,1010,728,754]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FCF34382FE87FD13" box="[831,1010,728,754]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
requires a focused commentary to resolve some nomenclatural issues.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FD4843A1FE42FCF4" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[644,823,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FD4843A1FE42FCF4" box="[644,823,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
firstly appeared in
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FBD043A1F860FCF4" author="Heinrich G." box="[1052,1301,763,789]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich (1936: 244)</bibRefCitation>
without being accompanied by any formal description. The genus name served only to accommodate the description of a new species,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FDD1421AFE32FCBB" authorityName=", Heinrich" authorityYear="1936" box="[541,839,832,858]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FDD1421AFE32FCBB" box="[541,839,832,858]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus africanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Later on,
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FC06421AF9B0FCBB" author="Heinrich G." box="[970,1221,832,858]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 127)</bibRefCitation>
introduced the name
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FEC94238FCCDFC9D" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[261,440,866,892]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FEC94238FCCDFC9D" box="[261,440,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
again as “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FDFA4239FFD5FC9D" box="[566,672,867,892]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">gen. nov.</emphasis>
” providing this time an adequate description and designating
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FF7242DFFC98FC7E" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[190,493,901,927]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FF7242DFFC98FC7E" box="[190,493,901,927]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF8F9179FD8B42DCFF0FFC41" box="[583,634,902,928]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
species.
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FD2542DCF92AFC7E" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." box="[745,1119,901,928]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref23290" refString="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M. 1973. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Ethiopian Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 19, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1973">Townes &amp; Townes (1973: 221)</bibRefCitation>
acknowledged the two names (
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FED342F2FFE3FC23" authority="Heinrich, 1936" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1936" box="[287,662,936,962]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FED342F2FCA7FC23" box="[287,466,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FE2C42F2FFE3FC23" author="Heinrich G." box="[480,662,936,962]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich, 1936</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FD1742F2F926FC23" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[731,1107,936,962]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FD1742F2FEFBFC23" box="[731,910,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FC5042F2F926FC23" author="Heinrich G." box="[924,1107,936,962]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) and placed them as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FE9B4290FC87FC05" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[343,498,970,996]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FE9B4290FC87FC05" box="[343,498,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Heterischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FDCF4291FE19FC05" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[515,876,970,997]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref23513" refString="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K. 1997. A Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I: Subfamilies Acaenitinae to Ophioninae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 58, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1997">Yu &amp; Horstmann (1997: 489)</bibRefCitation>
deemed
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FC114290F825FC05" authority="Heinrich, 1936" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1936" box="[989,1360,970,996]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FC114290F9E5FC05" box="[989,1168,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FB504290F825FC05" author="Heinrich G." box="[1180,1360,970,996]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich, 1936</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
an unavailable name without providing any discussion for their action. According to
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FB4742B7F854FBE6" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[1163,1313,1005,1031]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 13.1.1), to be available a name proposed after 1930 needs to be accompanied “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FB404555F9DBFBAD" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">by a description or definition that states in words characters that are purported to differentiate the taxon.</emphasis>
”. Because of the lack of a proper description, the genus name
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FD0A450EF944FB8F" authority="Heinrich, 1936" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1936" box="[710,1073,1108,1134]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FD0A450EFE0CFB8F" box="[710,889,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FC4D450EF944FB8F" author="Heinrich G." box="[897,1073,1108,1134]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="227 - 244" refId="ref21863" refString="Heinrich G. 1936. Mission scientifique de l'Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 28. Hymenoptera III. Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 4: 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="1936">Heinrich, 1936</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is deemed a nomen nudum, and therefore unavailable.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FE3F452DFE28FB70" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[499,861,1143,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethiopischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FE3F452DFFD3FB70" box="[499,678,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aethiopischnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FD61452DFE28FB70" author="Heinrich G." box="[685,861,1143,1169]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is the available name (even though invalid) in accordance with
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FE4E45C0FFAAFB55" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[386,735,1178,1204]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref23513" refString="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K. 1997. A Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I: Subfamilies Acaenitinae to Ophioninae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 58, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1997">Yu &amp; Horstmann (1997: 489)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

391
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@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
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<mods:namePart id="A5D88AE6A502320206BA9A49691512D0">Pos, Davide Dal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2834B385E891FF30E0E9A3B099BECEFD">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="63A173FD407320CC6FA94EC5B9E4BCE4" type="email">daveliga@gmail.com;davide.dalpos@knights.ucf.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="48DE4F0852679385CB23122DDB697776" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0EF9E6CB1CF0BB2F1512F2649667C045">
<mods:roleTerm id="B9027FB331B1468C954ECF9A1CD774D3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="62E0F942D291ABFFAE07AFE594C62582">Claridge, Brandon</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D99CC72A65A0CB1F57DB7F3950F236DA" type="LSID">83D357F0-E334-40EC-AEC3-98FBB15D27F2</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A69B890D882B29FF03842F37234448C8" type="email">brandonclaridge1@gmail.com;brandon.claridge@usu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="638B9082016E786B10EAA5FF40D8C68B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="630A3E3195D05E7165CAD87DB3915166">
<mods:roleTerm id="7844A02843AF1EEB104EC1FA21562F5C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EE0C24BBC31641EF4C36A7D8C5790683">Diller, Erich</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8C30869539E04E53B37A3DC3D4F9F4AE" type="LSID">BE45FFF5-454A-4B16-AB54-7CD1FA8A187B</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E00D4FC3F63094ADDD81CBC72A89828D" type="email">diller.e@snsb.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DBA572E2A93A317332526D0903980872" type="personal">
<mods:role id="44B482C20CC0B7364161DB1CCBC3DA5B">
<mods:roleTerm id="5B8D021F15CC650C7DDBFF2E7069F802">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="97BA1E3ED77768A0DC8CAF837A500CFB">Noort, Simon Van</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="56AAE89200DA6E9771D294FC37914431" type="LSID">7CCD166F-F1FA-43DA-B582-4E84EAF59AD1</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DEE1CCC7716EAF26D823319F9437D142" type="email">svannoort@iziko.org.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="287E91BAB778B808DA296666DC44198E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="720CAD4D6C4B7048957CA3B886181600">
<mods:roleTerm id="C6DE142A4A74357A0D662565505DDDD7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4287F7C48A277D53EF57380072F049FA">Giovanni, Filippo Di</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0B1F1641887A19D41CE48AE75E8247A8" type="LSID">C1DC90BF-047B-46BE-AA74-3842FDEEB576</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B264591FFE3B195E6973FF6A8AD5C085" type="email">aphelocheirus@gmail.com;filippo.digiovanni@unisi.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="EBEE80A913843F69DBFC3ACC1FCCF555">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="4D0683A16D4A3DC1AF817E17D9C6C7E5" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="18CD1BB0EA89297C3F10EC0165ECB7FE">
<mods:title id="F1CEB07C26D821FB048A7255976F4655">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="A82A74780074C3C8D37801A642DB07D7">
<mods:date id="41E80FCD501ECC0D83A89B3340FDF2CB">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C92AA6F5B95644F45158024E170A56A0" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="624463E2F9C4AE4753308BA905F27E69">2023-04-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AA07E9C566EAD8FB88549A51CF1B3553" type="volume">
<mods:number id="62A844DB596497932B3BD75250F843A6">868</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="041FF8D31D53F889282F16303A18820A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="DAF0C99E9FC57B21D09025C075C3502E">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="FEA1BBDA791F924F26458210A130130F">71</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="8F6D931924EAD49D64F6F95BCCEADE6C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="58DEC5B22F906B44C0F3DB4709F9942D" type="CLB-Dataset">53562</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2D6A76E5E2D6ADC9ADEC36DDC6D193D3" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2023.868.2105</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0D3F8979822B5AE461DB0100CC378B2A" type="GBIF-Dataset">a0e1e77f-c13e-497c-aaef-8b762c4a63eb</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="70D2462C781D8A8EB2BEBA59BE8A18D6" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DDE26285EE854858E00F50EE6425B87C" type="Zenodo-Dep">7891587</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="43FF6DF12B38C089530686E195C7DF93" type="ZooBank">A09D1E2F-E2A8-44C6-B838-6BB1DCB3F657</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="3C038798FF8F9176FDD145ABFF12FCDE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7897216" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209581579" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7897216" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FF8F9176FDD145ABFF12FCDE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C038798FF8F9176FDD145ABFF12FCDE" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8F9179FDD145ABF902FAEA" box="[541,1143,1265,1292]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FDD145ABF902FAEA" blockId="38.[541,1143,1265,1326]" box="[541,1143,1265,1292]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FDD145ABF902FAEA" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[541,1143,1265,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mfongosi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FDD145ABFE40FAEA" bold="true" box="[541,821,1265,1292]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Heterischnus mfongosi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FCF145A8F902FAEA" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[829,1143,1265,1292]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8F9179FD14444EFE29FACF" box="[728,860,1300,1326]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FD14444EFE29FACF" blockId="38.[541,1143,1265,1326]" box="[728,860,1300,1326]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF8F9179FD14444EFE29FACF" box="[728,860,1300,1326]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="39.[189,232,1333,1359]" captionStartId-1="39.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionStartId-2="40.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,815,1288]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,1507,1924]" captionTargetBox-2="[202,1383,265,1925]" captionTargetId-0="figure-154@39.[189,1399,815,1288]" captionTargetId-1="figure-155@39.[189,1399,1507,1924]" captionTargetId-2="figure-0@40.[202,1383,265,1935]" captionTargetPageId-0="39" captionTargetPageId-1="39" captionTargetPageId-2="40" captionText-0="Fig. 19. Heterischnus mfongosi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 (NHMUK). A. ♀, habitus, lateral view. B. ♂, habitus, lateral view." captionText-1="Fig. 20. Heterischnus mfongosi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013, ♀ (NHMUK). A. Head and mesosoma, lateral view. B. Propodeum, dorso-lateral view." captionText-2="Fig. 21. Distribution of Heterischnus mfongosi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013. A. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow stars). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) country records." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891649" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891653" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891655" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7891649/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7891653/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7891655/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 19–21</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8F9179FF71440EFE6AFA51" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF71440EF9D0FA8E" blockId="38.[189,1189,1364,1391]" box="[189,1189,1364,1391]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF8F9179FF71440EF9D0FA8E" box="[189,1189,1364,1391]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF8F9179FF71440EFE11FA8E" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:51593E16-8562-4B0D-AC0E-B0151B44691F" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[189,868,1364,1391]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/558E2C51EFB9FF386367FABBB631303B" page="51" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" year="2013">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FF71440EFE11FA8E" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013: 47 - 51" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityPageNumber="47 - 51" authorityYear="2013" box="[189,868,1364,1391]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mfongosi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FF71440EFCBEFA8E" box="[189,459,1364,1391]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Heterischnus mfongosi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FE1E440FFE11FA8E" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[466,868,1364,1391]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013: 47–51</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(original description, key).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF7144CFFE6AFA51" blockId="38.[189,799,1429,1456]" box="[189,799,1429,1456]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8F9179FF7144CFFCBEFA4E" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[189,459,1429,1455]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mfongosi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FF7144CFFCBEFA4E" box="[189,459,1429,1455]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Heterischnus mfongosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8F9179FE2B44CCFFF9FA4E" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[487,652,1429,1456]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref23600" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive, Nepean, Ontario, Canada." type="book" year="2016">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FDC244CCFF34FA4E" box="[526,577,1429,1455]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
(catalogue).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8F9179FF71448CF909F808" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF71448CFCC4FA11" blockId="38.[189,433,1494,1520]" box="[189,433,1494,1520]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8F9179FF71448CFCC4FA11" bold="true" box="[189,433,1494,1520]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FF71448CFCC4FA11" bold="true" box="[189,433,1494,1520]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Original type series</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF71475EFF96F9FF" blockId="38.[189,739,1540,1601]" box="[189,739,1540,1567]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8F9179FF71475EFF96F9FF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112337" box="[189,739,1540,1567]" collectionCode="SAMC" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF8F9179FF71475EFC5AF9FF" box="[189,303,1540,1566]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8F9179FEF6475FFC25F9FE" box="[314,336,1541,1567]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, by original designation (
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8F9179FDB1475EFFA2F9FF" box="[637,727,1540,1566]" collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF71477DFFC8F9A0" blockId="38.[189,739,1540,1601]" box="[189,701,1575,1601]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8F9179FF71477DFC96F9A0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112316" box="[189,483,1575,1601]" collectionCode="ZMHB" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF8F9179FF71477DFC41F9A0" box="[189,308,1575,1601]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8F9179FEF2477DFC1FF9A0" box="[318,362,1575,1601]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8F9179FEB6477DFCA0F9A0" box="[378,469,1575,1601]" collectionName="Germany, Berlin, Museum fuer Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitaet" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMHB</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8F9179FE26477DFFCCF9A0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112324" box="[490,697,1575,1601]" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8F9179FE26477DFF59F9A0" box="[490,556,1575,1601]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8F9179FDF7477DFFC4F9A0" box="[571,689,1575,1601]" collectionName="NHMUK" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">NHMUK</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF71473DFC28F960" blockId="38.[189,349,1639,1665]" box="[189,349,1639,1665]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8F9179FF71473DFC28F960" bold="true" box="[189,349,1639,1665]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FF71473DFC28F960" bold="true" box="[189,349,1639,1665]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Type locality</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF7147CFFCA9F94E" blockId="38.[189,476,1685,1711]" box="[189,476,1685,1711]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8F9179FF7147CFFC22F94E" box="[189,343,1685,1711]" name="South Africa" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">South Africa</collectingCountry>
: Mfongosi.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF71478CFCDFF911" blockId="38.[189,426,1750,1776]" box="[189,426,1750,1776]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8F9179FF71478CFCDFF911" bold="true" box="[189,426,1750,1776]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8F9179FF71478CFCDFF911" bold="true" box="[189,426,1750,1776]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF71465EF828F8FE" blockId="38.[189,1373,1796,1823]" box="[189,1373,1796,1823]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8F9179FF71465EF82CF8FE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112328" box="[189,1369,1796,1823]" collectingDate="1967-06" collectionCode="NHMD" collectorName="H. Gonget" country="Kenya" determinerName="D. Dal Pos" location="Upper Imenti Forest" municipality="Park" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Meru">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8F9179FF71465EFC55F8FF" box="[189,288,1796,1822]" name="Kenya" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">KENYA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8F9179FEF4465EFC10F8FE" box="[312,357,1796,1823]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFF8F9179FEBF465FFCC6F8FE" box="[371,435,1797,1823]" country="Kenya" name="Meru" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Meru</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="5471ACF4FF8F9179FE76465EFC86F8FF" box="[442,499,1796,1822]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B1756055FF8F9179FE32465FFF85F8FE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FF8F9176FDD145ABFF12FCDE:B1756055FF8F9179FE32465FFF85F8FE" box="[510,752,1796,1823]" country="Kenya" municipality="Park" name="Upper Imenti Forest" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" stateProvince="Meru">Upper Imenti Forest</location>
;
<date id="C014104EFF8F9179FD30465FFE04F8FF" box="[764,881,1796,1823]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="1967-06">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF8F9179FD30465FFE04F8FF" box="[764,881,1796,1823]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="1967-06">Jun. 1967</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="195F5358FF8F9179FCB1465FFE82F8FF" box="[893,1015,1796,1823]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. Gonget</collectorName>
leg.;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFF8F9179FBF6465FF9CCF8FE" box="[1082,1209,1796,1823]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">D. Dal Pos</determinerName>
det.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8F9179FB30465FF82CF8FE" box="[1276,1369,1797,1823]" collectionName="NHMD" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">NHMD</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF71461FFCC8F862" blockId="38.[189,1398,1861,1923]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8F9179FF71461FFCCDF862" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112325" collectingDate="1980-08-20" collectionCode="NHMD" collectorName="M. Stoltza &amp; N. Scharff" country="Tanzania" determinerName="D. Dal Pos" elevation="1900" location="Mt. Rungwe" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8F9179FF71461FFC27F8BE" box="[189,338,1861,1887]" name="Tanzania" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8F9179FEA5461FFCE3F8BE" box="[361,406,1861,1887]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; SW of
<location id="B1756055FF8F9179FE3B461FFFF8F8BE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FF8F9176FDD145ABFF12FCDE:B1756055FF8F9179FE3B461FFFF8F8BE" box="[503,653,1861,1887]" country="Tanzania" name="Mt. Rungwe" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Mt. Rungwe</location>
;
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFF8F9179FD54461FFE44F8BE" box="[664,817,1861,1887]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="1900.0">
<quantity id="73529B6BFF8F9179FD54461FFF84F8BE" box="[664,753,1861,1887]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="C014104EFF8F9179FCF2461FFE95F8BE" box="[830,992,1861,1887]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="1980-08-20">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF8F9179FCF2461FFE95F8BE" box="[830,992,1861,1887]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="1980-08-20">20 Aug. 1980</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="195F5358FF8F9179FC20461FF913F8BE" box="[1004,1126,1861,1887]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">M. Stoltza</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="195F5358FF8F9179FB53461FF86DF8BE" box="[1183,1304,1861,1887]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">N. Scharff</collectorName>
leg.;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFF8F9179FA96461FFC6CF862" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">D. Dal Pos</determinerName>
det.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8F9179FE974633FCCDF862" box="[347,440,1897,1923]" collectionName="NHMD" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">NHMD</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8F9179FF7146F1F909F808" blockId="38.[189,1398,1962,2025]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8F9179FF7146F1F811F824" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112301" box="[189,1380,1962,1989]" collectingDate="1981-01" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="A. Watsham" country="Zimbabwe" county="Chishawasha" determinerName="D. Dal Pos" location="Salisbury" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8F9179FF7146F1FC28F824" box="[189,349,1963,1989]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZIMBABWE</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8F9179FEBB46F1FCD0F824" box="[375,421,1963,1989]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<location id="B1756055FF8F9179FE7846F0FF51F825" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FF8F9176FDD145ABFF12FCDE:B1756055FF8F9179FE7846F0FF51F825" box="[436,548,1962,1988]" country="Zimbabwe" county="Chishawasha" name="Salisbury" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Salisbury</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="5D744E02FF8F9179FDFD46F0FFA5F825" box="[561,720,1962,1988]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Chishawasha</collectingCounty>
;
<date id="C014104EFF8F9179FD1046F1FE25F824" box="[732,848,1963,1989]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="1981-01">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF8F9179FD1046F1FE25F824" box="[732,848,1963,1989]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="1981-01">Jan. 1981</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="195F5358FF8F9179FC9046F1FE99F825" box="[860,1004,1962,1989]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">A. Watsham</collectorName>
leg.;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFF8F9179FBFC46F1F9C4F824" box="[1072,1201,1962,1989]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">D. Dal Pos</determinerName>
det.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8F9179FB3946F1F811F824" box="[1269,1380,1963,1989]" collectionName="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF8F9179FF724694F90CF808" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112345" box="[190,1145,1998,2025]" collectingDate="1981-05" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="A. Watsham" country="Zimbabwe" determinerName="D. Dal Pos" location="ZIMBABWE" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF8F9179FF724694FD98F808" box="[190,237,1998,2025]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<date id="C014104EFF8F9179FD714695FE4DF809" box="[701,824,1998,2025]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="1981-05">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF8F9179FD714695FE4DF809" box="[701,824,1998,2025]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="1981-05">May 1981</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFF8F9179FC884695FEB6F808" box="[836,963,1998,2025]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">D. Dal Pos</determinerName>
det.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF8F9179FBCA4695F90CF808" box="[1030,1145,1999,2025]" collectionName="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8E9178FF714052FC85FE95" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8E9178FF714052FC23FEC3" blockId="39.[189,342,264,290]" box="[189,342,264,290]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF8E9178FF714052FC23FEC3" bold="true" box="[189,342,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FF714052FC23FEC3" bold="true" box="[189,342,264,290]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8E9178FF714062FC85FE95" blockId="39.[189,1399,311,372]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8E9178FF714062FC7FFEB3" box="[189,266,312,338]" name="Kenya" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FED1406DFCD9FEB0" bold="true" box="[285,428,311,337]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">new record</emphasis>
);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8E9178FE0B406DFF2BFEB0" box="[455,606,311,337]" name="South Africa" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8E9178FDA3406DFE21FEB0" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[623,852,311,337]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FD034062FE79FEB0" box="[719,780,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8E9178FCA7406DFEA1FEB0" box="[875,980,311,337]" name="Tanzania" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FC2B406DF903FEB0" bold="true" box="[999,1142,311,337]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">new record</emphasis>
);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF8E9178FB5D406DF87BFEB0" box="[1169,1294,311,337]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8E9178FAEC406DFC4EFE95" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FF714001FD8DFE95" box="[189,248,346,372]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF8E9178FE9F4000FC91FE95" box="[339,484,346,372]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[202,1383,265,1925]" captionTargetId="figure-0@40.[202,1383,265,1935]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 21. Distribution of Heterischnus mfongosi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013. A. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow stars). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) country records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891655" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891655/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 21A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF8E9178FF7140C1FE92FD90" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8E9178FF7140C1FCFCFE56" blockId="39.[189,393,411,439]" box="[189,393,411,439]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FF7140C1FC43FE54" bold="true" box="[189,310,411,437]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis</emphasis>
(male)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8E9178FF714091FE92FD90" blockId="39.[189,1400,458,626]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
For the first time, a male specimen of the species is hereby diagnosed, bearing the same label data as one of the female
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF8E9178FE5340B4FF7AFDE9" box="[415,527,494,520]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
reported in the original description. Compared to the female, no major differences are reported. Body length is approximately 7.0–
<quantity id="73529B6BFF8E9178FC4A434AFE91FDCA" box="[902,996,528,555]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
, fore wing length is
<quantity id="73529B6BFF8E9178FB11434BF849FDCA" box="[1245,1340,529,555]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
. The coloration is identical, with the exception of: (1) absence of white annuli in the antennae, and (2) a slightly lighter coloration of the anterior part of 6
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF8E9178FD33430CFE79FD85" attach="left" box="[767,780,598,612]" fontSize="6" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">th</superScript>
tergite (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF8E9178FCA2430DFEAFFD90" box="[878,986,599,625]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1333,1359]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,815,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-154@39.[189,1399,815,1288]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 19. Heterischnus mfongosi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 (NHMUK). A. ♀, habitus, lateral view. B. ♂, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891649" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891649/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 19B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E0D56606FF8E9178FF71446FFCC5FA92" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891649" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891649" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891649/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[189,232,1333,1359]" targetBox="[189,1399,815,1288]" targetPageId="39">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8E9178FF71446FFCC5FA92" blockId="39.[189,1398,1333,1395]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FF71446FFC6DFAAE" bold="true" box="[189,280,1333,1359]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8E9178FED2446FFE13FAB1" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[286,870,1333,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mfongosi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FED2446FFF5EFAB1" box="[286,555,1333,1360]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Heterischnus mfongosi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8E9178FDFD446CFE13FAB1" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[561,870,1334,1360]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FC37446FF965FAAE" bold="true" box="[1019,1040,1333,1359]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A</emphasis>
. ♀, habitus, lateral view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FAF4446CF839FAB1" bold="true" box="[1336,1356,1334,1360]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">B</emphasis>
. ♂, habitus, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E0D56606FF8E9178FF7146F1FF93F808" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891653" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891653" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891653/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1399,1507,1924]" targetPageId="39">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF8E9178FF7146F1FF93F808" blockId="39.[189,1398,1963,2025]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FF7146F1FC69F824" bold="true" box="[189,284,1963,1989]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF8E9178FEEB46F1FEFEF827" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[295,907,1963,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mfongosi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FEEB46F1FF4DF824" box="[295,568,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Heterischnus mfongosi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF8E9178FD8E46F6FEFEF827" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[578,907,1964,1990]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (NHMUK).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FB8346F1F911F824" bold="true" box="[1103,1124,1963,1989]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A</emphasis>
. Head and mesosoma, lateral view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF8E9178FE9F4695FC12F808" bold="true" box="[339,359,1999,2025]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">B</emphasis>
. Propodeum, dorso-lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E0D56606FF819177FF7146F1F906F809" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891655" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891655" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891655/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[202,1383,265,1925]" targetPageId="40">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF819177FF7146F1F906F809" blockId="40.[189,1398,1963,2025]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF819177FF7146F1FC6FF824" bold="true" box="[189,282,1963,1989]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 21.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF819177FE1A46F1F95CF824" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[470,1065,1963,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mfongosi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF819177FE1A46F1FF91F824" box="[470,740,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Heterischnus mfongosi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF819177FD2746F6F95CF824" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[747,1065,1963,1990]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF819177FBF846F1F93CF824" bold="true" box="[1076,1097,1963,1989]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">A</emphasis>
. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow stars).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF819177FDCE4695FF63F808" bold="true" box="[514,534,1999,2025]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">B</emphasis>
. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) country records.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF809176FF714053FF12FCDE" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FF714053FC5AFEC2" blockId="41.[189,303,265,291]" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF809176FF714053FC5AFEC2" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FF714053FC5AFEC2" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF809176FF714062FE57FD57" blockId="41.[188,1400,311,694]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
In the original description,
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF809176FE384062FE70FEB3" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[500,773,311,338]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FD824062FFF2FEB0" box="[590,647,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
(2013: 51)
</bibRefCitation>
reported that the propodeum of the species is “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FAD2406DFC42FE94" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">without carination</emphasis>
” and that the metasomal tergites are testaceous “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FCB64001F9B0FE94" box="[890,1221,347,373]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">with median black maculae.</emphasis>
” However, the specimens examined by one of us (DDP) from
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF809176FD394025FE07FE78" box="[757,882,383,409]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
and matching the
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF809176FB9E4025F9C2FE78" box="[1106,1207,383,409]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
locality, clearly showed the presence of a complete and well-defined posterior transverse carina (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF809176FB4D40F8F865FE5D" box="[1153,1296,418,444]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1507,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-155@39.[189,1399,1507,1924]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 20. Heterischnus mfongosi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013, ♀ (NHMUK). A. Head and mesosoma, lateral view. B. Propodeum, dorso-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891653" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891653/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 20A–B</figureCitation>
), and no presence of black maculae on the metasoma. Based on the examination of the
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF809176FB93409CF9BCFE01" box="[1119,1225,454,480]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, it seems clear that the reported black maculae are only an artifact due to the poor state of preservation of the specimen. When muscles and body fat tissue break up, the external coloration of the tergites becomes darker, creating the illusion of maculae. Similar situations are not rare in preserved specimens, and this has been briefly discussed for
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF809176FE79430FFE92FD8F" authority="Dal Pos &amp; Rousse, 2018" authorityName="Dal Pos &amp; Rousse" authorityYear="2018" box="[437,999,596,623]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Genaemirum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filipazzii">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF809176FE79430FFFCFFD8F" box="[437,698,596,623]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Genaemirum filipazzii</emphasis>
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(
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). Based on the specimens examined here, the coloration is orangish-yellow for the entire metasoma, with only the apical tergites (6
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and 7
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) infuscated (
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</paragraph>
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Before this contribution, the species was known only from the
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series and recorded only from southern Africa. The additional examined material included here extends the distributional range of the species to East Africa (
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).
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436
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FD8C4760FE5DF9B5" bold="true" box="[576,808,1594,1620]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Lusius tenuissimus</emphasis>
(
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FF7147BBFCEEF91B" box="[189,411,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Lusius tenuissimus</emphasis>
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–
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(catalogue, new combination). —
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF919167FB6147BBFC11F8FF" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." page="491" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FB6147BBFC11F8FF" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refId="ref23513" refString="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K. 1997. A Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I: Subfamilies Acaenitinae to Ophioninae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 58, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1997">Yu &amp; Horstmann 1997: 491</bibRefCitation>
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(catalogue). —
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Laurenne
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FD6A465FFF91F8FF" box="[678,740,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
2006: 469
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(new record). —
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF919167FB8A465EF802F8FE" author="Quicke D. L. J. &amp; Laurenne N. M. &amp; Fitton M. G. &amp; Broad G. R." box="[1094,1399,1796,1823]" page="1405" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FB8A465EF802F8FE" author="Quicke D. L. J. &amp; Laurenne N. M. &amp; Fitton M. G. &amp; Broad G. R." box="[1094,1399,1796,1823]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1305 - 1421" refId="ref22416" refString="Quicke D. L. J., Laurenne N. M., Fitton M. G. &amp; Broad G. R. 2009. A thousand and one wasps: a 28 S rDNA and morphological phylogeny of the Ichneumonidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) with an investigation into alignment parameter space and elision. Journal of Natural History 43: 1305 - 1421. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930902807783" type="journal article" year="2009">
Quicke
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FB6A465FF991F8FF" box="[1190,1252,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
2009: 1405
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(distribution). —
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FE754672FF17F8A0" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[441,610,1831,1858]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refId="ref23559" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2012. World Ichneumonidae 2011. Taxonomy, Biology, Morphology and Distribution. Database on flash-drive, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada." type="book" year="2012">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FE2E4672FF6BF8A0" box="[482,542,1831,1857]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
(catalogue); 2016 (catalogue). —
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF919167FC364672F98EF8A0" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[1018,1275,1831,1858]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/04CD5C5AAF51B0D159CC5FF24AF3C890" page="71" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FC364672F98EF8A0" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[1018,1275,1831,1858]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FB9B4672F9F9F8A0" box="[1111,1164,1831,1857]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al</emphasis>
2013: 71
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(key, new records).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF919167FF7146D1FCC4F844" blockId="56.[189,433,1931,1958]" box="[189,433,1931,1958]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF919167FF7146D1FCC4F844" bold="true" box="[189,433,1931,1958]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FF7146D1FCC4F844" bold="true" box="[189,433,1931,1958]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Original type series</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF919166FF7146E0F80DFE32" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF919166FF7146E0F80DFE32" blockId="56.[189,977,1978,2004]" lastBlockId="57.[187,1400,265,467]" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF919167FF7146E0FEA4F835" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112333" box="[189,977,1978,2004]" collectionCode="MZPW" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF919167FF7146E0FC58F835" box="[189,301,1978,2004]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
: multiple
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF919167FE6D46E0FC89F835" box="[417,508,1978,2004]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="female">females</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF919167FDF946E0FF09F835" box="[565,636,1978,2004]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="male">males</specimenCount>
, unknown number (
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF919167FCAA46E0FEB0F835" box="[870,965,1978,2004]" collectionName="Poland, Warszawa [=Warsaw], Polish Academy of Science, Museum of the Institute of Zoology" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MZPW</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FF714053FCCCFEC2" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,441,265,291]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 129)</bibRefCitation>
described the species based on multiple specimens, males and females, without clearly declaring the number of specimens nor designating any of them as the name-bearing type. Initially,
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FF77400AFC8CFE88" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[187,505,335,362]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FED5400AFC26FE88" box="[281,339,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
(2013: 72–73
</bibRefCitation>
, figs 42–43) incorrectly referred to the type as
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF909166FBD14015F9F3FE88" box="[1053,1158,335,361]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. The employment of the term “
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF909166FEFF4028FCEBFE6D" box="[307,414,370,396]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
” does not constitute a valid
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF909166FD3A4028FE15FE6D" box="[758,864,370,396]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designation (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FBCD4029F9FAFE6C" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[1025,1167,371,397]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 74.5, 74.7). A more in-depth study of the MZPW collection will be required prior to the designation of a
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF909166FAC840CCF807FE51" box="[1284,1394,406,432]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
; therefore, for the moment, the type specimens should be referred to as
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF909166FC2C40E3F933FE32" box="[992,1094,441,467]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FB9F40E3F9A9FE32" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[1107,1244,441,467]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 73.2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF909166FF7140A1F98AFCBF" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF909166FF7140A1FC1AFDF5" blockId="57.[189,367,506,533]" box="[189,367,506,533]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF909166FF7140A1FC1AFDF5" bold="true" box="[189,367,506,533]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FF7140A1FC1AFDF5" bold="true" box="[189,367,506,533]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type localities</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF909166FF714373F97CFDA2" blockId="57.[189,1033,553,615]" box="[189,1033,553,579]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FF714373FC3AFDA2" box="[189,335,553,579]" name="Madagascar" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
: Ampandrandava, Anivorano, Rogez, Tananrive, Tamatave.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF909166FF714317FCE0FD87" blockId="57.[189,1033,553,615]" box="[189,405,588,615]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FF714317FC7BFD86" box="[189,270,589,615]" name="Kenya" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kenya</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FED54316FCE4FD87" box="[281,401,588,614]" name="Kenya" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Mombasa</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF909166FF7143D7FCDFFD46" blockId="57.[189,426,653,679]" box="[189,426,653,679]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF909166FF7143D7FCDFFD46" bold="true" box="[189,426,653,679]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FF7143D7FCDFFD46" bold="true" box="[189,426,653,679]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF909166FF7143E6F91DFD18" blockId="57.[189,1398,699,762]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF909166FF7143E6F911FD18" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112353" collectingDate="2010-06-20" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="FDG" collectorName="S. Katusabe &amp; Co." country="Uganda" determinerName="F. Di Giovanni" elevation="1509" latitude="0.5651111" location="Kanyawara Bio Station" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.358278" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kibale">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FF7143E6FC49FD37" box="[189,316,700,726]" name="Uganda" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">UGANDA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF909166FE9643E6FCFEFD36" box="[346,395,700,727]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFF909166FE5143E6FC9EFD37" box="[413,491,700,726]" country="Uganda" name="Kibale" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kibale</collectingRegion>
NP,
<location id="B1756055FF909166FDE643E7FE32FD37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FF919165FD8C4760FF16FE32:B1756055FF909166FDE643E7FE32FD37" box="[554,839,700,727]" country="Uganda" latitude="0.5651111" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.358278" name="Kanyawara Bio Station" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Kibale">Kanyawara Bio Station</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF909166FC9A43E1F970FD36" box="[854,1029,699,727]" degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" precision="1" seconds="54.4" value="0.5651111">00°33′54.4″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF909166FBD843E1F9B4FD36" box="[1044,1217,699,727]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" precision="1" seconds="29.8" value="30.358278">30°21′29.8″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFF909166FB1D43E6F805FD37" box="[1233,1392,700,727]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.509" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="1509.0">
<quantity id="73529B6BFF909166FB1D43E6F858FD36" box="[1233,1325,700,727]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.509" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="1509.0">1509 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="C014104EFF909166FF714385FC22FD18" box="[189,343,735,762]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2010-06-20">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF909166FF714385FC22FD18" box="[189,343,735,762]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2010-06-20">20 Jun. 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="195F5358FF909166FEAF4385FC9AFD18" box="[355,495,735,761]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">S. Katusabe</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="195F5358FF909166FDE44385FF27FD18" box="[552,594,735,761]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Co.</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectingMethod id="6DEB4E99FF909166FD584385FE5CFD1B" box="[660,809,735,762]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFF909166FCF943BAFE96FD18" box="[821,995,735,762]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">F. Di Giovanni</determinerName>
det.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF909166FBEA4385F911FD18" box="[1062,1124,735,761]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">FDG</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF909166FF71427BF98AFCBF" blockId="57.[189,1399,800,862]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF909166FF71427BFC59FCBF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112347" collectingDate="1981-03" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="A. Watsham" country="Zimbabwe" determinerName="D. Dal Pos" location="Chishawasha" municipality="Salisbury" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Harare">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FF71427BFC28FCDA" box="[189,349,801,827]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">ZIMBABWE</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF909166FEBB427BFCD1FCDA" box="[375,420,801,827]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="5471ACF4FF909166FE7F427BFF57FCDA" box="[435,546,801,827]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Salisbury</collectingMunicipality>
[=
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFF909166FD80427AFFD7FCDA" box="[588,674,800,827]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Harare" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Harare</collectingRegion>
],
<location id="B1756055FF909166FD79427BFE21FCDA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FF919165FD8C4760FF16FE32:B1756055FF909166FD79427BFE21FCDA" box="[693,852,801,827]" country="Zimbabwe" municipality="Salisbury" name="Chishawasha" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Harare">Chishawasha</location>
;
<date id="C014104EFF909166FCAC427BFEA9FCDA" box="[864,988,801,827]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="1981-03">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF909166FCAC427BFEA9FCDA" box="[864,988,801,827]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="1981-03">Mar. 1981</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="195F5358FF909166FC2B427BF902FCDA" box="[999,1143,801,827]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">A. Watsham</collectorName>
leg.;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFF909166FB76427BF84EFCDA" box="[1210,1339,801,827]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">D. Dal Pos</determinerName>
det.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF909166FF71421EFC59FCBF" box="[189,300,836,862]" collectionName="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF909166FE89421EF989FCBF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112312" box="[325,1276,836,862]" collectingDate="1981-04" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="A. Watsham" country="Zimbabwe" determinerName="D. Dal Pos" location="Chishawasha" municipality="Salisbury" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Harare">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF909166FE89421EFC07FCBF" box="[325,370,836,862]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<date id="C014104EFF909166FC8E421EFECFFCBF" box="[834,954,836,862]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="1981-04">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF909166FC8E421EFECFFCBF" box="[834,954,836,862]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="1981-04">Apr. 1981</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFF909166FC0B421EF933FCBF" box="[967,1094,836,862]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">D. Dal Pos</determinerName>
det.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF909166FB45421EF989FCBF" box="[1161,1276,836,862]" collectionName="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF909166FF7142DFFCD2FBD9" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF909166FF7142DFFC23FC7E" blockId="57.[189,342,901,927]" box="[189,342,901,927]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF909166FF7142DFFC23FC7E" bold="true" box="[189,342,901,927]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FF7142DFFC23FC7E" bold="true" box="[189,342,901,927]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF909166FF7142EEFCD2FBD9" blockId="57.[189,1399,948,1080]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FF7142EEFF4EFC2F" box="[189,571,948,974]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FD9C42EEFE4BFC2F" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[592,830,948,974]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FD7F42EFFF86FC2F" box="[691,755,948,974]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FC9442EEFED0FC2F" box="[856,933,948,974]" name="Kenya" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FC7442EEF91EFC2F" author="Heinrich G." box="[952,1131,948,974]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich 1938</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FBB142EEF81CFC2F" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[1149,1385,948,974]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FB1242EFF86BFC2F" box="[1246,1310,948,974]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FF71428DFC3EFC10" box="[189,331,983,1009]" name="Madagascar" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FE97428DFF7FFC10" author="Heinrich G." box="[347,522,983,1009]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich 1938</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FDEC428DFF0FFC10" box="[544,634,983,1009]" name="Malawi" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Malawi</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FD46428DFE1EFC10" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[650,875,983,1009]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FD254282FE51FC10" box="[745,804,983,1009]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FC4D428DFEACFC10" box="[897,985,983,1009]" name="Nigeria" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FC25428DF9BEFC10" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[1001,1227,983,1009]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FB844282F9F1FC10" box="[1096,1156,983,1009]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FB2C428DF802FC10" box="[1248,1399,983,1009]" name="South Africa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
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Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FEEF42A1FC2BFBF5" box="[291,350,1018,1044]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FE7442A0FF54FBF5" box="[440,545,1018,1044]" name="Tanzania" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FDFD42A0FE5EFBF4" author="Laurenne N. M. &amp; Broad G. R. &amp; Quicke D. L." box="[561,811,1018,1045]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="442 - 473" refId="ref22096" refString="Laurenne N. M., Broad G. R. &amp; Quicke D. L. 2006. Direct optimization and multiple alignment of 28 S D 2 - D 3 rDNA sequences: problems with indels on the way to a molecular phylogeny of the cryptine ichneumon wasps (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Cladistics 22: 442 - 473. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2006.00112. x" type="journal article" year="2006">
Laurenne
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FD6542A1FF91FBF5" box="[681,740,1018,1044]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FCF342A0FEEFFBF5" box="[831,922,1018,1044]" name="Uganda" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Uganda</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FC6742A0F94DFBF5" bold="true" box="[939,1080,1018,1044]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">new record</emphasis>
);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FB9D42A0F9BBFBF5" box="[1105,1230,1018,1044]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FB1242A0FD8CFBD9" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FAF042A1F802FBF5" box="[1340,1399,1018,1044]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF909166FEDD4547FCEFFBD9" box="[273,410,1053,1080]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="58.[189,232,1187,1213]" captionStartId-1="58.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1391,549,1147]" captionTargetBox-1="[193,1393,1324,1925]" captionTargetId-0="figure-115@58.[189,1399,549,1147]" captionTargetId-1="figure-145@58.[189,1399,1324,1925]" captionTargetPageId-0="58" captionTargetPageId-1="58" captionText-0="Fig. 30. Distribution of Lusius tenuissimus (Heinrich, 1938). A–B. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow star). A. Mainland Africa. B. Madagascar." captionText-1="Fig. 31. Distribution of Lusius tenuissimus (Heinrich, 1938). A–B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) records. A. Country records for mainland Africa. B. Regional records for Madagascar." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891679" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891681" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7891679/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7891681/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Figs 30–31</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF909165FF714505FF16FE32" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF909166FF714505FC5AFB98" blockId="57.[189,303,1119,1145]" box="[189,303,1119,1145]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF909166FF714505FC5AFB98" bold="true" box="[189,303,1119,1145]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FF714505FC5AFB98" bold="true" box="[189,303,1119,1145]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF909166FF7145D4FC33FB0F" blockId="57.[189,1399,1165,1262]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FF7145D4FC0BFB49" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[189,382,1165,1192]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refId="ref23600" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive, Nepean, Ontario, Canada." type="book" year="2016">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FF2445D4FC53FB46" box="[232,294,1165,1191]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
mentioned
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FDC345D7FE71FB49" author="Quicke D. L. J. &amp; Laurenne N. M. &amp; Fitton M. G. &amp; Broad G. R." box="[527,772,1165,1192]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1305 - 1421" refId="ref22416" refString="Quicke D. L. J., Laurenne N. M., Fitton M. G. &amp; Broad G. R. 2009. A thousand and one wasps: a 28 S rDNA and morphological phylogeny of the Ichneumonidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) with an investigation into alignment parameter space and elision. Journal of Natural History 43: 1305 - 1421. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930902807783" type="journal article" year="2009">
Quicke
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FDA245D4FFD9FB46" box="[622,684,1165,1191]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
as the first authors to report
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF909166FBA645D4F83FFB46" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[1130,1354,1166,1191]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuissimus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FBA645D4F83FFB46" box="[1130,1354,1166,1191]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Lusius tenuissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF909166FF7145EBFC5FFB2A" box="[189,298,1201,1227]" name="Tanzania" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
. This is incorrect. The first to report the species were
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FC7645EBF9BDFB2D" author="Laurenne N. M. &amp; Broad G. R. &amp; Quicke D. L." box="[954,1224,1201,1228]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="442 - 473" refId="ref22096" refString="Laurenne N. M., Broad G. R. &amp; Quicke D. L. 2006. Direct optimization and multiple alignment of 28 S D 2 - D 3 rDNA sequences: problems with indels on the way to a molecular phylogeny of the cryptine ichneumon wasps (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Cladistics 22: 442 - 473. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2006.00112. x" type="journal article" year="2006">
Laurenne
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FBFF45EBF91CFB2A" box="[1075,1129,1201,1227]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al</emphasis>
. (2006)
</bibRefCitation>
in their list in appendix 1.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D56606FF909166FF7146F3FD88F807" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891677" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891677" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891677/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" startId="57.[189,232,1961,1987]" targetBox="[189,1399,1316,1917]" targetPageId="57">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF909166FF7146F3FD88F807" blockId="57.[189,1398,1961,2022]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FF7146F3FC6EF822" bold="true" box="[189,283,1961,1987]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 29.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF909166FEEF46F0FFA7F822" authority="(Heinrich, 1938)" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[291,722,1961,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuissimus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FEEF46F0FF74F822" box="[291,513,1962,1987]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Lusius tenuissimus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF909166FDDE46F3FFBCF822" author="Heinrich G." box="[530,713,1961,1987]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (NHMUK).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FC4246F3FED6F822" bold="true" box="[910,931,1961,1987]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF909166FB7446F3F9BFF822" bold="true" box="[1208,1226,1961,1987]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">B</emphasis>
. Head, frontal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF939165FF714053FF16FE32" blockId="58.[188,1400,265,468]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF939165FF714053FCCCFEC2" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,441,265,291]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 129)</bibRefCitation>
stated that the species is “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF939165FD374050FC5DFEA6" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Largement répandu, mais rare [= widely distributed, but rare]</emphasis>
”. This statement seems to be largely true as
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF939165FC884077F956FEA7" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[836,1059,301,326]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuissimus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF939165FC884077F956FEA7" box="[836,1059,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Lusius tenuissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is probably the most widely spread species of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF939165FE5E4015FF56FE88" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[402,547,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Phaeogenini">Phaeogenini</taxonomicName>
across Africa. It cannot be considered “rare” as
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF939165FBAA4015F851FE8B" author="Heinrich G." box="[1126,1316,335,362]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938)</bibRefCitation>
stated, but surely it is not largely abundant. The number of specimens per country from
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF939165FB924029F833FE6C" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[1118,1350,370,397]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF939165FB7B4029F987FE6D" box="[1207,1266,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al.</emphasis>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
and this current contribution seem to corroborate that. Also, the specimen from
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF939165FBF540CCF9E1FE51" box="[1081,1172,406,432]" name="Uganda" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Uganda</collectingCountry>
represents the first record for the country (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF939165FE0140E3FF23FE32" box="[461,598,441,467]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="58.[189,232,1187,1213]" captionStartId-1="58.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1391,549,1147]" captionTargetBox-1="[193,1393,1324,1925]" captionTargetId-0="figure-115@58.[189,1399,549,1147]" captionTargetId-1="figure-145@58.[189,1399,1324,1925]" captionTargetPageId-0="58" captionTargetPageId-1="58" captionText-0="Fig. 30. Distribution of Lusius tenuissimus (Heinrich, 1938). A–B. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow star). A. Mainland Africa. B. Madagascar." captionText-1="Fig. 31. Distribution of Lusius tenuissimus (Heinrich, 1938). A–B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) records. A. Country records for mainland Africa. B. Regional records for Madagascar." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891679" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891681" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7891679/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7891681/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Figs 30–31</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

185
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FD434241FF94FCD4" bold="true" box="[655,737,795,821]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Lusius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FD244241FED0FCD4" author="Tosquinet J." box="[744,933,795,821]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 403" refId="ref23079" refString="Tosquinet J. 1903. Ichneumonides nouveaux. Memoires de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 10: 1 - 403." type="journal article" year="1903">Tosquinet, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF919167FF714207FF78FC97" author="Tosquinet J." box="[189,525,860,886]" page="384" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" year="1903">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF919167FF714207FF78FC97" ID-CoL="5HCW" authority="Tosquinet, 1903: 384" authorityName="Tosquinet" authorityPageNumber="384" authorityYear="1903" box="[189,525,860,886]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FF714207FC7FFC97" box="[189,266,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Lusius</emphasis>
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.
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species:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF919167FD714207F923FC97" ID-CoL="3WFXV" authority="Tosquinet, 1903" authorityName="Tosquinet" authorityYear="1903" box="[701,1110,860,886]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macilentus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FD714207FEE5FC97" box="[701,912,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Lusius macilentus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FC5B4206F923FC97" author="Tosquinet J." box="[919,1110,860,886]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 403" refId="ref23079" refString="Tosquinet J. 1903. Ichneumonides nouveaux. Memoires de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 10: 1 - 403." type="journal article" year="1903">Tosquinet, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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, by monotypy.
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FF714225FCFFFC78" box="[189,394,895,921]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Mesochorischnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FE5E4225FFF4FC78" author="Heinrich G." box="[402,641,895,921]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938: 128</bibRefCitation>
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.
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species:
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FCF84225F9E7FC78" box="[820,1170,895,921]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Mesochorischnus tenuissimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FB564225F838FC78" author="Heinrich G." box="[1178,1357,895,921]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
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, by
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original designation and monotypy. Synonymized by
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.
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<heading id="EF5D81E2FF919167FF7142BEFC43FC1F" bold="true" box="[189,310,996,1022]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FF7142BEFC43FC1F" bold="true" box="[189,310,996,1022]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
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The unidentate and falcate mandibles set
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF919167FD754549FEA4FBCC" authority="Tosquinet, 1903" authorityName="Tosquinet" authorityYear="1903" box="[697,977,1042,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FD754549FE73FBCD" box="[697,774,1043,1068]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Lusius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FCDD4548FEA4FBCC" author="Tosquinet J." box="[785,977,1042,1069]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 403" refId="ref23079" refString="Tosquinet J. 1903. Ichneumonides nouveaux. Memoires de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 10: 1 - 403." type="journal article" year="1903">Tosquinet, 1903</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
apart from all the other genera of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF919167FF71456CFC24FBB1" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[189,337,1078,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Phaeogenini">Phaeogenini</taxonomicName>
, except for
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF919167FE19456CFE59FBB1" authority="Wesmael, 1859" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[469,812,1077,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FE19456CFF05FBB1" box="[469,624,1078,1104]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Heterischnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FDBB456CFE59FBB1" author="Wesmael C." box="[631,812,1077,1104]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref23391" refString="Wesmael C. 1859. Remarques critiques sur diverses especes d'ichneumons de la collection de feu le Professeur J. L. C. Gravenhorst, d'un court appendice ichneumonologique. Memoires couronnes de l'Academie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique 8: 1 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 67718" type="journal article" year="1859">Wesmael, 1859</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it can be distinguished by the absence of vein
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FEDE4503FC23FB92" box="[274,342,1113,1139]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">3rs-m</emphasis>
(areolet open) in the fore wing and abscissa of
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FCBF4503FEE9FB92" box="[883,924,1113,1139]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">CU</emphasis>
in the hind wing. Additionally, the genus can be separated from other genera by the following combination of characters: (1) head hemispherical; (2) basal flagellar segments slender and long; (3) vertex long and slightly convex behind ocelli; (4) occipital and hypostomal carinae joining at mandibular base; (5) notaulus complete, ending posteriorly in a median depression; (6) gastrocoeli long with thyridia faint; (7) ovipositor extending beyond apex of metasoma; (8) male genitalia with gonoforceps reduced to rod-like processes (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FBB14453F852FAC2" author="Baltazar C. R." box="[1149,1319,1289,1315]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="15 - 67" refId="ref20635" refString="Baltazar C. R. 1964. The genera of the parasitic Hymenoptera in the Philippines, part 2. Pacific Insects 6: 15 - 67." type="journal article" year="1964">Baltazar 1964</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FAFF4453FD89FAA7" author="Diller E." pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="373 - 380" refId="ref21090" refString="Diller E. 2006. Neue Phaeogenini aus Baumkronen des Kinabalu Nationalparks (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae, Phaeogenini). Entomofauna 27: 373 - 380." type="journal article" year="2006">Diller 2006</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FEC44477FC90FAA7" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[264,485,1324,1351]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FEAF4477FCEBFAA7" box="[355,414,1324,1350]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF919167FF714434FFE0FA1C" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF919167FF714434FC5AFA69" blockId="56.[189,303,1390,1416]" box="[189,303,1390,1416]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF919167FF714434FC5AFA69" bold="true" box="[189,303,1390,1416]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FF714434FC5AFA69" bold="true" box="[189,303,1390,1416]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF919167FF7144C6FFE0FA1C" blockId="56.[188,1398,1436,1533]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
The genus has a tropical distribution, and it occurs in the Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Neotropical regions. In Africa,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF919167FE5F449AFC95FA38" authorityName="Tosquinet" authorityYear="1903" box="[403,480,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FE5F449AFC95FA38" box="[403,480,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Lusius</emphasis>
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is represented only by two species:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF919167FC4D449AF834FA38" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[897,1345,1471,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flummox">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FC4D449AF977FA38" box="[897,1026,1471,1497]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">L. flummox</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FBC6449AF834FA38" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[1034,1345,1471,1498]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF919167FF7044B9FF69FA1C" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[188,540,1506,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Mesochorischnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuissimus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF919167FF7044B9FC11FA1D" box="[188,356,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">L. tenuissimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF919167FEA044B8FF69FA1C" author="Heinrich G." box="[364,540,1506,1533]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="F9280335FF919167FDE744B8FFF6FA1C" box="[555,643,1506,1533]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="64.[189,258,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Table 1 (continued on next page). Checklist and distribution of Phaeogenini Förster, 1869 in the Afrotropical region. * = identifies new species and/or records." pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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161
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<mods:namePart id="D9B358B4562CC5BE3372470F64ECEFDD">Claridge, Brandon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0617497F1D8709856A3AA85356C4C607">Diller, Erich</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CED115A13D8FD577EA2061DB038772B5">Giovanni, Filippo Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="553BDBB65C823C880D47E904A09E042A">2023</mods:date>
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Genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF929164FDB1477AF97CF9DA" authority="Cushman, 1922" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" box="[637,1033,1568,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodentus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF929164FDB1477AFE3CF9DA" bold="true" box="[637,841,1568,1595]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Nesostenodentus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF929164FC9C477BF97CF9DA" author="Cushman R. A." box="[848,1033,1569,1595]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref20884" refString="Cushman R. A. 1922. New Oriental and Australian Ichneumonidae. Philippine Journal of Science 20: 543 - 597. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 26488" type="journal article" year="1922">Cushman, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF929164FF714738FFE3F99C" author="Cushman R. A." box="[189,662,1634,1661]" page="554" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1922">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF929164FF714738FFE3F99C" ID-CoL="63F2B" authority="Cushman, 1922: 554" authorityName="Cushman" authorityPageNumber="554" authorityYear="1922" box="[189,662,1634,1661]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF929164FF714738FCF1F99D" box="[189,388,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Nesostenodontus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF929164FE5D4738FFE3F99C" author="Cushman R. A." box="[401,662,1634,1661]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref20884" refString="Cushman R. A. 1922. New Oriental and Australian Ichneumonidae. Philippine Journal of Science 20: 543 - 597. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 26488" type="journal article" year="1922">Cushman, 1922: 554</bibRefCitation>
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.
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species:
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF929164FC954738F90DF99D" box="[857,1144,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Nesostenodontus bakeri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF929164FB4A4738F833F99D" author="Cushman R. A." box="[1158,1350,1634,1660]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref20884" refString="Cushman R. A. 1922. New Oriental and Australian Ichneumonidae. Philippine Journal of Science 20: 543 - 597. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 26488" type="journal article" year="1922">Cushman, 1922</bibRefCitation>
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, by original designation and monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF929164FF71479DFC5AF900" bold="true" box="[189,303,1735,1761]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Remarks</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF929164FF7147AFFCCFF8F1" author="Cushman R. A." box="[189,442,1781,1808]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref20884" refString="Cushman R. A. 1922. New Oriental and Australian Ichneumonidae. Philippine Journal of Science 20: 543 - 597. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 26488" type="journal article" year="1922">Cushman (1922: 554)</bibRefCitation>
described the genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF929164FD6647AFFE04F8EE" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" box="[682,881,1781,1807]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF929164FD6647AFFE04F8EE" box="[682,881,1781,1807]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Nesostenodontus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to accommodate only one species,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF929164FAC547ACFC00F8D2" authority="Cushman, 1922" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF929164FAC547ACF800F8EE" box="[1289,1397,1781,1807]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">N. bakeri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF929164FF704643FC00F8D2" author="Cushman R. A." box="[188,373,1817,1843]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref20884" refString="Cushman R. A. 1922. New Oriental and Australian Ichneumonidae. Philippine Journal of Science 20: 543 - 597. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 26488" type="journal article" year="1922">Cushman, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, based on the following combination of characters: (1) unidentate mandible; (2) swollen genae and head almost cubic; (3) strongly dentate clypeus; (4) propodeum almost devoid of carinae, without long spines; (5) scutellum not bordered by carina; gastrocoeli and thyridia indistinct. Later on,
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF929164FF2146D8FC9BF87D" author="Heinrich G." box="[237,494,1922,1948]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref21826" refString="Heinrich G. 1934. Die Ichneumoninae von Celebes bearbeitet auf grund der Ausbeute der Celebes Expedition G. Heinrich 1930 - 1932. Mitteilungen aus dem zoologischen Museum in Berlin 20: 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="1934">Heinrich (1934: 129)</bibRefCitation>
added a new species to the count,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF929164FC6946D9F873F87D" authority="Heinrich, 1934" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1934" box="[933,1286,1922,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF929164FC6946D9F931F87D" box="[933,1092,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">N. celebensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF929164FB8346D8F873F87D" author="Heinrich G." box="[1103,1286,1922,1948]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref21826" refString="Heinrich G. 1934. Die Ichneumoninae von Celebes bearbeitet auf grund der Ausbeute der Celebes Expedition G. Heinrich 1930 - 1932. Mitteilungen aus dem zoologischen Museum in Berlin 20: 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="1934">Heinrich, 1934</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF929164FF7146FFFCCBF821" author="Cushman R. A." box="[189,446,1957,1984]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="283 - 311" refId="ref20921" refString="Cushman R. A. 1937. H. Sauter's Formosa Collection: Ichneumonidae. Arbeiten uber morphologische und taxonomische Entomologie 4: 283 - 311." type="journal article" year="1937">Cushman (1937: 284)</bibRefCitation>
, while describing
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF929164FD4246FCFE8DF821" authority="Cushman, 1937" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1937" box="[654,1016,1957,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF929164FD4246FCFE4DF85E" box="[654,824,1957,1983]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">N. formosanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF929164FCF246FFFE8DF821" author="Cushman R. A." box="[830,1016,1957,1984]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="283 - 311" refId="ref20921" refString="Cushman R. A. 1937. H. Sauter's Formosa Collection: Ichneumonidae. Arbeiten uber morphologische und taxonomische Entomologie 4: 283 - 311." type="journal article" year="1937">Cushman, 1937</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, identified some variation within the genus: the very elongated malar space, the convex clypeus, and the distinct anterior and posterior propodeal carinae. A close examination of the
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF959163FD124053FE30FEC2" box="[734,837,265,291]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF959163FCA04053FD8DFEA7" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterishcnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FCA04053F902FEC2" box="[876,1143,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Heterishcnus mkomazi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF959163FBB24050FD8DFEA7" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
revealed that the species shares many features with the genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF959163FC3B4076F9CBFEA7" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" box="[1015,1214,300,326]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FC3B4076F9CBFEA7" box="[1015,1214,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Nesostenodontus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Therefore, we transfer
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF959163FEEC4015FCFDFE88" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[288,392,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterishcnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FEEC4015FCFDFE88" box="[288,392,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">mkomazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF959163FDE04015FF84FE88" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" box="[556,753,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FDE04015FF84FE88" box="[556,753,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Nesostenodontus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Below, we provide reasons for this new combination together with a new diagnosis of the species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF7140EEFEE2FE10" blockId="60.[189,1399,436,497]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Before this contribution, the genus was recorded only from the Indomalayan region. This new combination marks the first record for the Afrotropical region.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="0EA4B6126CC1A028325819754234925D">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="15A170F1237EE7141B5CD030552C136A">Pos, Davide Dal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="053F2886F99C0F08896BE4A136A93319">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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Key to the Afrotropical species of
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Rousse
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1. Clypeus as wide as high, strongly pointed apico-laterally (A); flagellum entirely testaceous (male unknown) (B).........................................................................
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– Clypeus wider, about one and a half times wider than high, weakly pointed apico-laterally (a); flagellum tri-coloured in both sexes: basally testaceous, medially white and apically black (b)........ ..........................................................................................................
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418
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FE464375FFB9FDAB" bold="true" box="[394,716,559,586]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Nesostenodontus mkomazi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF959163FD174375F96DFDA8" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[731,1048,559,586]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FF959163FBE44375F9DFFDAB" box="[1064,1194,559,586]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF959163FD144308FE2EFD8C" box="[728,859,594,621]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FD144308FE2EFD8C" blockId="60.[394,1194,559,621]" box="[728,859,594,621]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF959163FD144308FE2EFD8C" box="[728,859,594,621]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="60.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionStartId-1="61.[189,232,1759,1785]" captionStartId-2="62.[189,232,1568,1594]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,1471,1921]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,1282,1732]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1399,265,1526]" captionTargetId-0="figure-218@60.[189,1399,1471,1921]" captionTargetId-1="figure-349@61.[189,1399,1282,1732]" captionTargetId-2="figure-0@62.[189,1399,265,1526]" captionTargetPageId-0="60" captionTargetPageId-1="61" captionTargetPageId-2="62" captionText-0="Fig. 32. Nesostenodontus mkomazi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 comb. nov., holotype, ♂ (SAMC). A. Head, frontal view. B. Head, dorsal view." captionText-1="Fig. 33. Nesostenodontus mkomazi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 comb. nov., holotype, ♂ (SAMC). A. Head, ventral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorso-lateral view." captionText-2="Fig. 34. Nesostenodontus mkomazi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 comb. nov., holotype, ♂ (SAMC). A. Propodeum, dorsal view. B. Metasoma, dorsal view. C. Metasoma, lateral view. D. Labels." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891683" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891685" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891687" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7891683/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7891685/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7891687/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Figs 32–34</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF959163FF7143CEFE6EFD11" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF7143CEF903FD4E" blockId="60.[189,1142,660,687]" box="[189,1142,660,687]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FF959163FF7143CEF903FD4E" box="[189,1142,660,687]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFF959163FF7143CEFE40FD4E" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:31C6B34A-5E84-4271-80B8-72F0A4316852" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[189,821,660,687]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2A5329EEDC997C06DEC10F7A14FB77F3" page="51" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" year="2013">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF959163FF7143CEFE40FD4E" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013: 51" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityPageNumber="51" authorityYear="2013" box="[189,821,660,687]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FF7143CEFCB2FD4F" box="[189,455,660,686]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Heterischnus mkomazi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF959163FE0343CFFE40FD4E" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[463,821,660,687]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013: 51</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(original description, key).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF71438FFE6EFD11" blockId="60.[189,795,725,752]" box="[189,795,725,752]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF959163FF71438FFCB2FD0E" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[189,455,725,751]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FF71438FFCB2FD0E" box="[189,455,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Heterischnus mkomazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF959163FE28438CFFFCFD0E" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[484,649,725,752]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref23600" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive, Nepean, Ontario, Canada." type="book" year="2016">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FDC6438CFF4BFD0E" box="[522,574,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
(catalogue).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF959163FF71424DFCC4FCD0" box="[189,433,791,817]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF71424DFCC4FCD0" blockId="60.[189,433,791,817]" box="[189,433,791,817]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF959163FF71424DFCC4FCD0" bold="true" box="[189,433,791,817]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FF71424DFCC4FCD0" bold="true" box="[189,433,791,817]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Original type series</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF959163FF71421FFEDAFAF2" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF71421FFFAEFCBE" blockId="60.[189,731,837,899]" box="[189,731,837,864]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF959163FF71421FFFAEFCBE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112315" box="[189,731,837,864]" collectionCode="SAMC" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF959163FF71421FFC5AFCBE" box="[189,303,837,863]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF959163FEF6421CFC27FC81" box="[314,338,838,864]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, by original designation (
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF959163FDB0421FFFA6FCBE" box="[636,723,837,863]" collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF714233FCA1FC62" blockId="60.[189,731,837,899]" box="[189,468,873,899]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF959163FF714233FCA1FC62" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112307" box="[189,468,873,899]" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF959163FF714233FC5DFC62" box="[189,296,873,899]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF959163FEFF4233FC2AFC62" box="[307,351,873,899]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF959163FEA24233FCBEFC62" box="[366,459,873,899]" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">MNHN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF7142F0FC28FC25" blockId="60.[189,349,938,964]" box="[189,349,938,964]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF959163FF7142F0FC28FC25" bold="true" box="[189,349,938,964]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FF7142F0FC28FC25" bold="true" box="[189,349,938,964]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Type locality</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF714282FF14FC12" blockId="60.[189,609,984,1011]" box="[189,609,984,1011]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF959163FF714282FC5EFC13" box="[189,299,984,1010]" name="Tanzania" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF959163FEFA4282FF14FC12" authority="Game Reserve." authorityName="Game Reserve." box="[310,609,984,1011]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">Mkomazi Game Reserve.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF714540FCDFFBD5" blockId="60.[189,426,1050,1076]" box="[189,426,1050,1076]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF959163FF714540FCDFFBD5" bold="true" box="[189,426,1050,1076]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FF714540FCDFFBD5" bold="true" box="[189,426,1050,1076]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF264513FC29FB82" blockId="60.[188,1399,1097,1299]" box="[234,348,1097,1123]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FF264513FC29FB82" bold="true" box="[234,348,1097,1123]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF959163FF264513FC29FB82" box="[234,348,1097,1123]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF714536FEDAFAF2" blockId="60.[188,1399,1097,1299]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF959163FF714536FEDAFAF2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112326" collectingDate="1996-04-16" collectingDateMax="1996-05-02" collectingDateMin="1996-04-16" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="S. van Noort" country="Tanzania" county="Kisima Plot" latitude="-4.101" location="Mkomazi / Game Reserve" municipality="Game Reserve" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="SAMC 2012, SAMC 2022" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF959163FF714536FC27FB67" box="[189,338,1132,1158]" name="Tanzania" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF959163FEBE4536FCFEFB67" box="[370,395,1132,1158]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
; “[White label] TAZANIA,
<location id="B1756055FF959163FD294536F951FB67" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FF959162FE464375FEDFFB24:B1756055FF959163FD294536F951FB67" box="[741,1060,1132,1158]" country="Tanzania" county="Kisima Plot" latitude="-4.101" municipality="Game Reserve" name="Mkomazi / Game Reserve" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Mkomazi / Game Reserve</location>
/
<collectingCounty id="5D744E02FF959163FB8F4536F9A0FB67" box="[1091,1237,1132,1158]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Kisima Plot</collectingCounty>
, /
<date id="C014104EFF959163FB354536FC42FB48" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1996-04-16" valueMax="1996-05-02" valueMin="1996-04-16">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF959163FB354536FC42FB48" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1996-04-16" valueMax="1996-05-02" valueMin="1996-04-16">16 April-2 May 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
// [White label]
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF959163FE3345D5FF06FB48" box="[511,627,1167,1193]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="06.06" orientation="latitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="9" value="-4.101">406.06’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF959163FDB045D5FF82FB4B" box="[636,759,1167,1194]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">3805.58’E</geoCoordinate>
/
<collectorName id="195F5358FF959163FCDD45D5FEDCFB48" box="[785,937,1167,1193]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">S. van Noort</collectorName>
/
<collectingMethod id="6DEB4E99FF959163FC0845D5F92EFB48" box="[964,1115,1167,1193]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
,
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FBA445D5F9B4FB48" box="[1128,1217,1167,1193]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF959163FBA445D5F9C0FB48" box="[1128,1205,1167,1193]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acacia</taxonomicName>
/
</emphasis>
/
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF959163FB1045D5F802FB48" box="[1244,1399,1167,1193]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Commiphora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FB1045D5F802FB48" box="[1244,1399,1167,1193]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Commiphora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bushland // [White label] SAM-HYM- / P016166 // [Red label]
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF959163FC6C45E8F94EFB2D" box="[928,1083,1202,1228]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF959163FB8E45E9F92DFB2C" box="[1090,1112,1203,1229]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
/
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF959163FBA145E8F803FB2D" box="[1133,1398,1202,1228]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FBA145E8F803FB2D" box="[1133,1398,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Heterischnus mkomazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF959163FF01458CFF7BFB0E" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[205,526,1237,1264]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
// [Yellow label] IMAGED / WaspWeb /
<specimenCode id="E40C9EF5FF959163FBCD458FF9EDFB0E" box="[1025,1176,1237,1263]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="Museum">SAMC 2012</specimenCode>
// [Second Yellow label] IMAGED / WaspWeb / LAS 4.9 /
<specimenCode id="E40C9EF5FF959163FD6E45A3FE4BFAF2" box="[674,830,1273,1299]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="Museum">SAMC 2022</specimenCode>
”;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF959163FC9845A3FEDEFAF2" box="[852,939,1273,1299]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF959163FF714460FEF4FA62" box="[189,897,1338,1411]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF714460FC23FAB5" blockId="60.[189,342,1338,1364]" box="[189,342,1338,1364]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF959163FF714460FC23FAB5" bold="true" box="[189,342,1338,1364]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FF714460FC23FAB5" bold="true" box="[189,342,1338,1364]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF714432FEF4FA62" blockId="60.[189,897,1384,1411]" box="[189,897,1384,1411]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF959163FF714432FC6FFA63" box="[189,282,1384,1410]" name="Senegal" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Senegal</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF959163FEE54433FF7DFA62" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[297,520,1384,1411]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FE4B4433FCB7FA63" box="[391,450,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF959163FDD04432FFF0FA63" box="[540,645,1384,1410]" name="Tanzania" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF959163FD594433FE00FA62" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[661,885,1384,1411]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FD3F4433FE5BFA63" box="[755,814,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E0D56606FF959163FF7146F0FFB0F809" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891683" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891683/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" startId="60.[189,232,1962,1988]" targetBox="[189,1399,1471,1921]" targetPageId="60">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF959163FF7146F0FFB0F809" blockId="60.[189,1399,1962,2024]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FF7146F0FC6BF825" bold="true" box="[189,286,1962,1988]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 32.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF959163FEE746F0FEB1F824" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[299,964,1962,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FEE746F0FF12F825" box="[299,615,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Nesostenodontus mkomazi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF959163FDB846F1FEB1F824" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[628,964,1963,1989]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FF959163FC1C46F0F92FF824" box="[976,1114,1962,1989]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, ♂ (SAMC).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FF714697FDA7F806" bold="true" box="[189,210,1997,2023]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">A</emphasis>
. Head, frontal view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF959163FE054694FCA8F809" bold="true" box="[457,477,1998,2024]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">B</emphasis>
. Head, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF949162FF714053FEDFFB24" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF949162FF714053FC5AFEC2" blockId="61.[189,303,265,291]" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF949162FF714053FC5AFEC2" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FF714053FC5AFEC2" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF949162FF714063FF13FD9F" blockId="61.[187,1399,313,638]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
The species
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FE814063FCC0FEB2" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[333,437,313,339]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FE814063FCC0FEB2" box="[333,437,313,339]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">mkomazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally placed in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FD104063FE02FEB2" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[732,887,313,339]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FD104063FE02FEB2" box="[732,887,313,339]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Heterischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF949162FC6E4060F9E4FEB2" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[930,1169,313,340]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FC324060F944FEB2" box="[1022,1073,313,339]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">et al</emphasis>
. (2013)
</bibRefCitation>
, based on
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF949162FAC64060F803FEB2" box="[1290,1398,313,340]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="male">two male</specimenCount>
specimens, one from
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF949162FE774004FF51FE99" box="[443,548,350,376]" name="Tanzania" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
(
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF949162FDF94004FFEAFE98" box="[565,671,350,377]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) and the other from
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF949162FC5A4004FE86FE99" box="[918,1011,350,376]" name="Senegal" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Senegal</collectingCountry>
(
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF949162FBC84005F905FE98" box="[1028,1136,351,377]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
). However, despite its original generic placement,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FDC240DEFF03FE7F" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[526,630,388,414]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FDC240DEFF03FE7F" box="[526,630,388,414]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">mkomazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from previous (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF949162FC5F40DEF943FE7E" author="Perkins J. F." box="[915,1078,388,415]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refId="ref22346" refString="Perkins J. F. 1959. Hymenoptera. Ichneumonoidea. Ichneumonidae, Key to Subfamilies and Ichneumoninae - 1. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 7, Royal Entomological Society, St Albans, UK." type="book" year="1959">Perkins 1959</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF949162FB8940DEF84CFE7F" author="Selfa J. &amp; Diller E." box="[1093,1337,388,414]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="237 - 252" refId="ref22784" refString="Selfa J. &amp; Diller E. 1994. Illustrated key to the Western Palearctic genera of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Entomofauna 15: 237 - 252." type="journal article" year="1994">Selfa &amp; Diller 1994</bibRefCitation>
) and recent (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF949162FEDE40F3FCBCFE25" author="Claridge B." box="[274,457,425,452]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="57 - 79" refId="ref20839" refString="Claridge B. 2021 b. Revision of Nearctic Heterischnus Wesmael, 1859 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae, Phaeogenini). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 57 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / jhr. 85.67792" type="journal article" year="2021">Claridge 2021b</bibRefCitation>
) diagnoses of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FDA740F3FE73FE22" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[619,774,425,451]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FDA740F3FE73FE22" box="[619,774,425,451]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Heterischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the following morphological features: gena grossly swollen (not swollen in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FE2C4094FF0CFE09" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[480,633,462,488]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FE2C4094FF0CFE09" box="[480,633,462,488]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Heterischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF949162FD594094FF9AFE08" box="[661,751,462,489]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,232,1759,1785]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1282,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-349@61.[189,1399,1282,1732]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 33. Nesostenodontus mkomazi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 comb. nov., holotype, ♂ (SAMC). A. Head, ventral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorso-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891685/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
); scutellum nearly flat (convex and distinctly elevated above post-scutellum in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FE2C40AEFF0FFDEF" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[480,634,500,526]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FE2C40AEFF0FFDEF" box="[480,634,500,526]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Heterischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF949162FD5940AEFE77FDEF" box="[661,770,500,526]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,232,1759,1785]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1282,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-349@61.[189,1399,1282,1732]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 33. Nesostenodontus mkomazi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 comb. nov., holotype, ♂ (SAMC). A. Head, ventral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorso-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891685/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 33B</figureCitation>
); propodeum posteriorly sloping and without distinct dorsal and posterior faces (propodeum with distinct faces in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FCA24343F97CFDD2" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[878,1033,537,563]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FCA24343F97CFDD2" box="[878,1033,537,563]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Heterischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF949162FBEE4343F9FBFDD2" box="[1058,1166,537,563]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="62.[189,232,1568,1594]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1526]" captionTargetId="figure-0@62.[189,1399,265,1526]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="Fig. 34. Nesostenodontus mkomazi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 comb. nov., holotype, ♂ (SAMC). A. Propodeum, dorsal view. B. Metasoma, dorsal view. C. Metasoma, lateral view. D. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891687/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 34A</figureCitation>
); propodeal spiracle oval-shaped (circular and small in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FD9D4364FF99FDB9" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[593,748,574,600]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FD9D4364FF99FDB9" box="[593,748,574,600]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Heterischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF949162FCC94364FE04FDB8" box="[773,881,574,601]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="62.[189,232,1568,1594]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1526]" captionTargetId="figure-0@62.[189,1399,265,1526]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="Fig. 34. Nesostenodontus mkomazi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 comb. nov., holotype, ♂ (SAMC). A. Propodeum, dorsal view. B. Metasoma, dorsal view. C. Metasoma, lateral view. D. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891687/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 34A</figureCitation>
); and gastrocoeli and thyridia obsolete (well distinct in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FEF5433EFCA1FD9F" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[313,468,612,638]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FEF5433EFCA1FD9F" box="[313,468,612,638]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Heterischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF949162FE21433EFF2CFD9F" box="[493,601,612,638]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="62.[189,232,1568,1594]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1526]" captionTargetId="figure-0@62.[189,1399,265,1526]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="Fig. 34. Nesostenodontus mkomazi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 comb. nov., holotype, ♂ (SAMC). A. Propodeum, dorsal view. B. Metasoma, dorsal view. C. Metasoma, lateral view. D. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891687/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 34B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF949162FF7143FDFC35FC0C" blockId="61.[188,1399,679,1005]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
The above features are instead shared with the genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FC8043FDF9A9FD23" authority="Cushman, 1922" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" box="[844,1244,679,706]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FC8043FDF966FD20" box="[844,1043,679,705]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Nesostenodontus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF949162FBD243FDF9A9FD23" author="Cushman R. A." box="[1054,1244,679,706]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref20884" refString="Cushman R. A. 1922. New Oriental and Australian Ichneumonidae. Philippine Journal of Science 20: 543 - 597. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 26488" type="journal article" year="1922">Cushman, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it slightly differs by the ventral margin of the clypeus, which is irregularly emarginate in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FB224397F823FD06" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[1262,1366,717,743]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FB224397F823FD06" box="[1262,1366,717,743]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">mkomazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as opposed to strongly dentate in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FDED43A8FF19FCED" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" box="[545,620,754,780]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FDED43A8FF19FCED" box="[545,620,754,780]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">bakeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(the
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF949162FD6443A9FFAEFCEC" box="[680,731,755,781]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">type</typeStatus>
species) (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF949162FC8243A8F949FCEC" author="Cushman R. A." box="[846,1084,754,781]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref20884" refString="Cushman R. A. 1922. New Oriental and Australian Ichneumonidae. Philippine Journal of Science 20: 543 - 597. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 26488" type="journal article" year="1922">Cushman 1922: 554</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF949162FB9843A8F9B5FCED" box="[1108,1216,754,780]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="60.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1471,1921]" captionTargetId="figure-218@60.[189,1399,1471,1921]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="Fig. 32. Nesostenodontus mkomazi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 comb. nov., holotype, ♂ (SAMC). A. Head, frontal view. B. Head, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891683/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 32A</figureCitation>
). However, this difference can be regarded as a simple variation within the genus. Moreover, three other unidentified Afrotropical specimens were located at EMUS, belonging to the genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FBD24267F986FCB6" authority="Cushman, 1922" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" box="[1054,1267,829,855]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenondontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FBD24267F986FCB6" box="[1054,1267,829,855]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Nesostenondontus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, their species identity remains, at the moment, doubtful. Therefore, because of the above shared features of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FF1742D2FC11FC40" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[219,356,903,929]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FF1742D2FC11FC40" box="[219,356,903,929]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">H. mkomazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FE6D42DDFF1DFC40" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" box="[417,616,903,929]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FE6D42DDFF1DFC40" box="[417,616,903,929]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Nesostenodontus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and based on an examination of the new material, we feel confident in proposing a new combination for
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FDA242F7FFA0FC26" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[622,725,941,967]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FDA242F7FFA0FC26" box="[622,725,941,967]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">mkomazi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FD2A42F7F802FC26" authority="(Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013)" authorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[742,1399,941,967]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FD2A42F7F968FC26" box="[742,1053,941,967]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Nesostenodontus mkomazi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF949162FBE242F7F81AFC26" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[1070,1391,941,967]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FF949162FF724288FC35FC0C" box="[190,320,978,1005]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF949162FF71454CFEDFFB24" blockId="61.[188,1400,1046,1221]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FF71454CFCF1FBD1" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" box="[189,388,1046,1072]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FF71454CFCF1FBD1" box="[189,388,1046,1072]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Nesostenodontus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was previously known only from three described species in the Indo-Malaysian region (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF949162FF084561FC0EFBB4" author="Cushman R. A." box="[196,379,1083,1109]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref20884" refString="Cushman R. A. 1922. New Oriental and Australian Ichneumonidae. Philippine Journal of Science 20: 543 - 597. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 26488" type="journal article" year="1922">Cushman 1922</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF949162FE454561FCB2FBB4" author="Cushman R. A." box="[393,455,1083,1109]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="283 - 311" refId="ref20921" refString="Cushman R. A. 1937. H. Sauter's Formosa Collection: Ichneumonidae. Arbeiten uber morphologische und taxonomische Entomologie 4: 283 - 311." type="journal article" year="1937">1937</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF949162FE194561FFF7FBB4" author="Heinrich G." box="[469,642,1083,1109]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref21826" refString="Heinrich G. 1934. Die Ichneumoninae von Celebes bearbeitet auf grund der Ausbeute der Celebes Expedition G. Heinrich 1930 - 1932. Mitteilungen aus dem zoologischen Museum in Berlin 20: 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="1934">Heinrich 1934</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF949162FD5C4561FE6AFBB4" author="Gupta S." box="[656,799,1083,1109]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="301 - 357" refId="ref21788" refString="Gupta S. 1988. New distributional records for Ichneumoninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of the Indo-Australian area. Oriental Insects 22: 301 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.1988.11835494" type="journal article" year="1988">Gupta 1988</bibRefCitation>
), but it is herewith also recorded for the first time from the Afrotropical region, specifically in
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF949162FD00453AFE40FB9B" box="[716,821,1120,1146]" name="Tanzania" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF949162FCBD453AFEBBFB9B" box="[881,974,1120,1146]" name="Senegal" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Senegal</collectingCountry>
(
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FC2C453BF919FB9B" authorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[992,1132,1120,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FC2C453BF919FB9B" box="[992,1132,1120,1146]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">N. mkomazi</emphasis>
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) (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF949162FB4B453AF81FFB9B" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[1159,1386,1120,1146]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FB2B453BF856FB9B" box="[1255,1315,1120,1146]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
2013
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), and
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF949162FF2345DCFCF0FB41" box="[239,389,1158,1184]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF949162FE7145DCFF27FB41" box="[445,594,1158,1184]" name="South Africa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(undescribed species at EMUS). Because of this generic transfer, the genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF949162FEC545F1FCD1FB24" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[265,420,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF949162FEC545F1FCD1FB24" box="[265,420,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Heterischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is no longer recorded for
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF949162FD1845F1FE44FB24" box="[724,817,1195,1221]" name="Senegal" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Senegal</collectingCountry>
(
<tableCitation id="F9280335FF949162FC8C45F1FEEDFB24" box="[832,920,1195,1221]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="64.[189,258,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Table 1 (continued on next page). Checklist and distribution of Phaeogenini Förster, 1869 in the Afrotropical region. * = identifies new species and/or records." pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

225
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@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
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<mods:title id="0121A821CFB2664B5254F29CD45289A3">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="BAEA17409C393EF0A42E4CC5CA68526E">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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Genus
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFD8744E1FFDDFA37" bold="true" box="[587,680,1467,1494]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Kibalus</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFF7144A7FC6DF9F6" box="[189,280,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Kibalus</emphasis>
Rousse, van Noort &amp; Diller
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in
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Rousse
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., 2013: 59
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.
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species:
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, by original designation.
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFF71473BFC43F99A" bold="true" box="[189,310,1633,1659]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF98916EFF7147CAF823F806" blockId="49.[189,1400,1680,2024]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFF7147CAFC6DF94B" box="[189,280,1680,1706]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Kibalus</emphasis>
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can easily be distinguished from the other Afrotropical genera of
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by the following combination of characters: (1) bidentate mandibles (unidentate in
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFBCF47EEF925F92C" box="[1027,1104,1716,1741]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Lusius</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFB5447E9F846F92C" box="[1176,1331,1715,1741]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Heterischnus</emphasis>
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); (2) gastrocoeli present and long (absent in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF98916EFD6D478DFF8EF910" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1952" box="[673,763,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Arearia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFD6D478DFF8EF910" box="[673,763,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Arearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF98916EFCC2478DFEFDF910" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[782,904,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFCC2478DFEFDF910" box="[782,904,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Chauvinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF98916EFC57478DF96FF910" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[923,1050,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Dicaelotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFC57478DF96FF910" box="[923,1050,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Dicaelotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF98916EFBAF478DF842F910" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1123,1335,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplophaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFBAF478DF842F910" box="[1123,1335,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Hoplophaeogenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (3) occipital and hypostomal carina joining at mandibular base (modified in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF98916EFBF447A0F9CFF8F5" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[1080,1210,1786,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethecerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFBF447A0F9CFF8F5" box="[1080,1210,1786,1812]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Aethecerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF98916EFB3747A0F811F8F5" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[1275,1380,1786,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tycherus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFB3747A0F811F8F5" box="[1275,1380,1786,1812]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Tycherus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (4) 2
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metasomal tergite more than 2× as long as apically wide (almost square in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF98916EFB5E4647F80DF8D6" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1170,1400,1821,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFB5E4647F80DF8D6" box="[1170,1400,1821,1847]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Centeterichneumon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF98916EFF3C461AFC06F8BB" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[240,371,1856,1882]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Diadromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFF3C461AFC06F8BB" box="[240,371,1856,1882]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Diadromus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The genus can further be distinguished by: hemispherical head, coarsely sculptured; upper tooth of mandible much longer than lower tooth; mesoscutum steeply elevated above pronotum; propodeum elongate, regularly rounded without differentiated horizontal anterior part in profile view; propodeal carination weak, more or less complete; fore wing with areolet closed; hind wing with distal abscissa
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFEE84697FC38F806" box="[292,333,1997,2023]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">CU</emphasis>
absent; ovipositor very shortly projecting beyond metasomal apex (
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Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFB044694F876F806" box="[1224,1283,1997,2023]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916DFF714053FEDCFE8B" blockId="50.[189,1399,265,362]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
According to
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF9B916DFEAC4053FF24FEC2" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[352,593,265,291]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFE714050FC8DFEC2" box="[445,504,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al.</emphasis>
(2013)
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, the genus is also characterized by a complete and strong postpectal carina. However, in the new species described below,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF9B916DFC904076F803FEA7" authority="Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityName="Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[860,1398,300,327]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Kibalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nonnaritae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFC904076F931FEA7" box="[860,1092,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kibalus nonnaritae</emphasis>
Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FF9B916DFF71400AFC6FFE8B" box="[189,282,336,362]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, the postpectal carina is absent in front of the mid coxa.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF9B916DFF7140CBF82FFDC1" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916DFF7140CBFC5AFE4A" blockId="50.[189,303,401,427]" box="[189,303,401,427]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF9B916DFF7140CBFC5AFE4A" bold="true" box="[189,303,401,427]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFF7140CBFC5AFE4A" bold="true" box="[189,303,401,427]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916DFF7140E5F82FFDC1" blockId="50.[189,1398,447,544]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
The genus
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFE8940E5FCD5FE38" box="[325,416,447,473]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kibalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only been recorded from the Afrotropical region, and specifically only from
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF9B916DFF7140B8FC69FE1D" box="[189,284,482,508]" name="Uganda" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Uganda</collectingCountry>
. Three species are known, one of which is described below:
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFBCD40B9F919FE1D" box="[1025,1132,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">K. mubfs</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF9B916DFBBA40B9FD8FFDC1" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF9B916DFECA435DFFB1FDC1" authority="Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityName="Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[262,708,518,544]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Kibalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nonnaritae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFECA435DFCDFFDC1" box="[262,426,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">K. nonnaritae</emphasis>
Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FF9B916DFD07435CFE5DFDC1" box="[715,808,518,544]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF9B916DFCAA435DF823FDC1" authority="Rousse, van Noort, &amp; Diller, 2013" authorityName="Rousse, van Noort, &amp; Diller" authorityYear="2013" box="[870,1366,518,544]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Kibalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toro">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFCAA435DFECDFDC1" box="[870,952,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">K. toro</emphasis>
Rousse, van Noort, &amp; Diller, 2013
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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118
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<mods:title id="9948BAC0BF1BE3C38B414914BD072EBF">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="10421133F32A2CA0B346D7F6CE498E21">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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Key to the species of
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFE0E4052FFEEFEC2" bold="true" box="[450,667,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Hoplophaeogenes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF98916EFD6F4052FE2EFEC3" author="Heinrich G." box="[675,859,264,290]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
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(updated from
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Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFBA04053F9D5FEC3" box="[1132,1184,264,290]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
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<key id="C03B61BFFF98916EFF71427EF802FA75" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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1. Antenna short, with less than 25 flagellomeres (A); head mostly dark brown to black with mandibles, clypeus and frons pale yellow (B) .......................................................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF98916EFBDA421DF802FC80" ID-CoL="3MLXY" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1046,1399,839,865]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplophaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curticornis">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFBDA421DF9CAFC80" bold="true" box="[1046,1215,839,865]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. curticornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF98916EFB0A421DF802FC80" author="Heinrich G." box="[1222,1399,839,865]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF98916EFF0D4402F802FA75" blockId="49.[193,1399,1367,1429]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFF98916EFF0D4402F802FA75" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
– Antenna longer, with more than 25 flagellomeres (a); head mostly pale yellow with occiput and vertex black (b) .......................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF98916EFBE04421F802FA75" ID-CoL="3MLXX" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1068,1399,1402,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplophaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amoenus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF98916EFBE04421F9CAFA74" bold="true" box="[1068,1215,1403,1429]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H. amoenus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF98916EFB0A4420F802FA75" author="Heinrich G." box="[1222,1399,1402,1428]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
</key>
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</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="E7FDFA818FDDD54C82183C4BA622087F">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5E97B2643831533C33FDCC3CDA8F34A9">Pos, Davide Dal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="57148BA85FFAE765549783CA6D8A6038">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFE2B4307FFA4FD99" bold="true" box="[487,721,605,632]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kibalus nonnaritae</emphasis>
Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni
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<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916DFD1443FEFE29FD5F" blockId="50.[369,1219,605,702]" box="[728,860,676,702]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9B916DFD1443FEFE29FD5F" box="[728,860,676,702]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionStartId-1="52.[190,233,1963,1989]" captionStartId-2="53.[189,232,1960,1986]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,785,1922]" captionTargetBox-2="[202,1384,265,1924]" captionTargetId-0="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId-1="figure-220@52.[189,1399,785,1922]" captionTargetId-2="figure-21@53.[202,1384,265,1936]" captionTargetPageId-0="51" captionTargetPageId-1="52" captionTargetPageId-2="53" captionText-0="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." captionText-1="Fig. 27. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Head, frontal view. B. Metasoma, dorsal view." captionText-2="Fig. 28. Distribution of Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Type locality. B. Country record." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891673" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891675" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7891673/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7891675/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figs 26–28</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFF7143BFFCBCFD1E" bold="true" box="[189,457,741,767]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF9B916DFF71424EFFB5FCCF" authority="Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityName="Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,704,788,815]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Kibalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nonnaritae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFF71424EFCD4FCCF" box="[189,417,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kibalus nonnaritae</emphasis>
Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FF9B916DFD04424FFE51FCCE" box="[712,804,789,815]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can easily be distinguished from the other species of the genus by two peculiar characters: the very elongated labial palpus, which reaches and surpasses the fore coxae, and the absence of a postpectal carina ventrally, which is unusual for
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF9B916DFB5F4201F99BFC94" authorityName="Rousse, van Noort &amp; Diller" authorityYear="2013" box="[1171,1262,859,885]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Kibalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFB5F4201F99BFC94" box="[1171,1262,859,885]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kibalus</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9B916DFB324201F81FFC94" box="[1278,1386,858,885]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 26C</figureCitation>
). Using Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFEA14225FCDEFC79" box="[365,427,894,920]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al.</emphasis>
’s (2013) key, it keys out to
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF9B916DFCC54224F87DFC79" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[777,1288,894,920]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Kibalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mubfs">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFCC54224FEC0FC79" box="[777,949,894,920]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kibalus mubfs</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF9B916DFC734224F87DFC79" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[959,1288,894,920]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
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, but it is differentiated from it by the following characters: (1) face completely white, with frons, ocellar triangle, and vertex black (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9B916DFE46429EFC8CFC3F" box="[394,505,964,990]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figs 26B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9B916DFDCF429EFF4EFC3F" box="[515,571,964,990]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="52.[190,233,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,785,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-220@52.[189,1399,785,1922]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Fig. 27. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Head, frontal view. B. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891673" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891673/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">27A</figureCitation>
); (2) mesoscutum with two black lateral longitudinal carina (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9B916DFB31429EF81DFC3E" box="[1277,1384,964,991]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 26B</figureCitation>
); (3) propodeum mostly brownish-black (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9B916DFD4642BDFF80FBE3" box="[650,757,999,1026]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 26B</figureCitation>
); (4) mesopleuron and metapleuron completely smooth (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9B916DFF084551FC5AFBC4" box="[196,303,1034,1061]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 26C</figureCitation>
); (5) frons, ocellar triangle, and vertex smooth and shining (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9B916DFC2A4551F924FBC4" box="[998,1105,1034,1061]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 26B</figureCitation>
); (6) 1
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9B916DFB524550F9DCFBF9" attach="left" box="[1182,1193,1034,1048]" fontSize="6" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">st</superScript>
flagellomeres 2× as long as the 2
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9B916DFEBE4577FCF6FBDA" attach="left" box="[370,387,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">nd</superScript>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9B916DFE5F4574FF75FBA9" box="[403,512,1070,1096]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 26A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9B916DFDC74574FF37FBA9" box="[523,578,1070,1096]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="52.[190,233,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,785,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-220@52.[189,1399,785,1922]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Fig. 27. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Head, frontal view. B. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891673" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891673/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">27A</figureCitation>
); (7) antenna with white annulus (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9B916DFC1E4574F935FBA8" box="[978,1088,1070,1097]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 26A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF9B916DFF714535FED4FA89" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916DFF714535FC31FB68" blockId="50.[189,324,1135,1161]" box="[189,324,1135,1161]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF9B916DFF714535FC31FB68" bold="true" box="[189,324,1135,1161]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFF714535FC31FB68" bold="true" box="[189,324,1135,1161]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916DFF7145C4FED4FA89" blockId="50.[188,1401,1182,1384]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
The species is dedicated to the first author’s grandmother, Rita Zanin, and the specific epithet is the combination of two terms: ‘
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFDDE4598FF2EFB3A" box="[530,603,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">nonna</emphasis>
’ (Italian word for ‘grandmother’) and ‘
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFBF24598F900FB3A" box="[1086,1141,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">ritae</emphasis>
’ (female noun in the genitive case formed from a modern person name (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF9B916DFCEF45BEFEC7FB1F" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[803,946,1252,1278]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 31.1.2)). For her constant and indefatigable support to her family over the entire span of her life and for the tacit understanding of DDP during the many summers he spent in grandma’s backyard, looking for small creatures. Without that initial support, this new species could not have been described.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF9B916DFF7144D5FFC6F981" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916DFF7144D5FC19FA48" blockId="50.[189,364,1423,1449]" box="[189,364,1423,1449]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF9B916DFF7144D5FC19FA48" bold="true" box="[189,364,1423,1449]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFF7144D5FC19FA48" bold="true" box="[189,364,1423,1449]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916DFF2644E4FC29FA39" blockId="50.[189,1399,1470,1567]" box="[234,348,1470,1496]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFF2644E4FC29FA39" bold="true" box="[234,348,1470,1496]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF9B916DFF2644E4FC29FA39" box="[234,348,1470,1496]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916DFF7144BBF9B8F9FE" blockId="50.[189,1399,1470,1567]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF9B916DFF7144BBF9B8F9FE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112318" collectingDate="2010-04-18" collectingDateMax="2010-04-25" collectingDateMin="2010-04-18" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="TUZ" collectorName="S. Katusabe &amp; Co. Leg." country="Uganda" elevation="1509" latitude="0.5651111" location="Kanyawara Bio. Station" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.358278" municipality="White" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Kibale" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF9B916DFF7144BBFC49FA1A" box="[189,316,1505,1531]" name="Uganda" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">UGANDA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF9B916DFE9B44B8FC05FA1D" box="[343,368,1506,1532]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
; “[
<collectingMunicipality id="5471ACF4FF9B916DFE5C44BBFCA8FA1A" box="[400,477,1505,1531]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">White</collectingMunicipality>
label] UGANDA –
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFF9B916DFD1D44BBFE6AFA1A" box="[721,799,1505,1531]" country="Uganda" name="Kibale" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kibale</collectingRegion>
N. P. /
<location id="B1756055FF9B916DFCB144B8F9EFFA1A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FF9B9169FE2B4307FCB0F9CC:B1756055FF9B916DFCB144B8F9EFFA1A" box="[893,1178,1505,1532]" country="Uganda" latitude="0.5651111" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.358278" municipality="White" name="Kanyawara Bio. Station" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" stateProvince="Kibale">Kanyawara Bio. Station</location>
/
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF9B916DFB7944BBF82AFA1D" box="[1205,1375,1505,1532]" degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="1" seconds="54,4" value="0.5651111">00°33’54,4’’N</geoCoordinate>
–
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF9B916DFF71475EFC16F9FF" box="[189,355,1540,1566]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="1" seconds="29,8" value="30.358278">30°21’29,8’’E</geoCoordinate>
/
<date id="C014104EFF9B916DFEB7475EFF51F9FE" box="[379,548,1540,1567]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-04-18" valueMax="2010-04-25" valueMin="2010-04-18">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF9B916DFEB7475EFF51F9FE" box="[379,548,1540,1567]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2010-04-18" valueMax="2010-04-25" valueMin="2010-04-18">18-25.IV.2010</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<quantity id="73529B6BFF9B916DFDF6475EFFE6F9FE" box="[570,659,1540,1567]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.509" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="1509.0">
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFF9B916DFDF6475EFFE6F9FE" box="[570,659,1540,1567]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.509" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="1509.0">1509 m</elevation>
</quantity>
–
<collectingMethod id="6DEB4E99FF9B916DFD7C475EFE36F9FE" box="[688,835,1540,1567]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
/
<collectorName id="195F5358FF9B916DFC95475EFE90F9FF" box="[857,997,1540,1566]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S. Katusabe</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="195F5358FF9B916DFBC7475EF900F9FF" box="[1035,1141,1540,1566]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Co. Leg.</collectorName>
”;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF9B916DFB40475FF9BCF9FE" box="[1164,1225,1541,1567]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">TUZ</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916DFF71471CFFC6F981" blockId="50.[189,691,1606,1632]" box="[189,691,1606,1632]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Female, in perfect condition, micropinned.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF9B9169FF7147DDFC4CFAAC" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916DFF7147DDFC3BF940" blockId="50.[189,334,1671,1697]" box="[189,334,1671,1697]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF9B916DFF7147DDFC3BF940" bold="true" box="[189,334,1671,1697]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFF7147DDFC3BF940" bold="true" box="[189,334,1671,1697]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916DFF2647ECFCDEF931" blockId="50.[189,951,1717,1780]" box="[234,427,1717,1744]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9B916DFF2647ECFC5FF931" bold="true" box="[234,298,1718,1744]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Male</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF9B916DFEF547EFFCD6F931" box="[313,419,1717,1744]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916DFF714783FEC2F912" blockId="50.[189,951,1717,1780]" box="[189,951,1753,1780]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FF9B916DFF714783FC19F910" baselines="1772,1772" box="[189,364,1753,1779]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
. Body length:
<quantity id="73529B6BFF9B916DFDD74783FF0DF912" box="[539,632,1753,1779]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="7.7">7.7 mm</quantity>
; fore wing length:
<quantity id="73529B6BFF9B916DFC994783FEC7F912" box="[853,946,1753,1780]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="5.6">5.6 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9B916BFF714641FE62FE32" blockId="50.[188,1399,1818,2021]" lastBlockId="52.[189,1399,265,467]" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FF9B916DFF714641FD89F8D2" baselines="1838,1838" box="[189,252,1819,1845]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Head" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">HEAD</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9B916DFEC14640FC0EF8D5" box="[269,379,1818,1844]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figs 26B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9B916DFE4A4640FCCCF8D5" box="[390,441,1818,1844]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="52.[190,233,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,785,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-220@52.[189,1399,785,1922]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Fig. 27. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Head, frontal view. B. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891673" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891673/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">27A</figureCitation>
). Overall shining; face subquadrate, as wide as medially high, smooth and almost impunctate, medio-apically protruding in a very distinct blunt tubercule right below the antennal sockets, clear delimitation between clypeus and face absent; frons and vertex almost completely smooth, impunctate; ocellar triangle equilateral and not elevated; ocular-ocellar distance about 1.3 × ocellus diameter, inter-ocellar distance 1× ocellus diameter; occipital carina distinct and complete, meeting hypostomal carina at base of mandible; temples slightly inflated in dorsal view; gena, in lateral view, medially strongly inflated, smooth; clypeus smooth, shining with straight apical margin; malar space short, about 0.5× basal width of mandible; mandible robust, with sparse setiferous punctures in the central area, teeth rather stout and widely separated with the ventral tooth shorter (about 0.8×) than the upper tooth; maxillary palpi long, reaching fore coxae, 5
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9D916BFCAD4028FE1BFE61" attach="left" box="[865,878,370,384]" fontSize="6" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">th</superScript>
segment about 1.5 × as long as 4
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9D916BFB314028F87FFE61" attach="none" box="[1277,1290,370,384]" fontSize="6" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">th</superScript>
; antenna filiform, not tapering, flagellum with 28 flagellomeres, the 1
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9D916BFCB540CFFEF1FE42" attach="left" box="[889,900,405,419]" fontSize="6" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">st</superScript>
flagellomere about 1.4× as long as the 2
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9D916BFA9240CFF81AFE42" attach="none" box="[1374,1391,405,419]" fontSize="6" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">nd</superScript>
, preapical flagellomeres distinctly longer than wide.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D56606FF9A916CFF7146F1FE89F809" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" startId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" targetPageId="51">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9A916CFF7146F1FE89F809" blockId="51.[189,1398,1963,2025]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9A916CFF7146F1FC69F824" bold="true" box="[189,284,1963,1989]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF9A916CFEE946F1FE45F824" authority="Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityName="Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[293,816,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Kibalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nonnaritae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9A916CFEE946F1FF7EF824" box="[293,523,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Kibalus nonnaritae</emphasis>
Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FF9A916CFCF546F1FEECF824" box="[825,921,1963,1989]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, ♂ (TUZ).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9A916CFB5746F1F9C5F824" bold="true" box="[1179,1200,1963,1989]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9A916CFECF4694FC62F809" bold="true" box="[259,279,1998,2024]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">B</emphasis>
. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9A916CFD774694FFA5F809" bold="true" box="[699,720,1998,2024]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">C</emphasis>
. Mesosoma, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9D9169FF7140A1FEBDFE6D" blockId="52.[189,1400,506,744]" lastBlockId="54.[187,1399,265,397]" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FF9D916BFF7140A1FC4CFDF2" baselines="526,526" box="[189,313,507,533]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mesosoma" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">MESOSOMA</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9D916BFE8040A0FCABFDF4" box="[332,478,506,533]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Fig. 26A–C</figureCitation>
). Overall shining; pronotum smooth, shining and impunctate; epomia absent; propleuron smooth, shining and almost impunctate, projected into a blunt, rounded flange ventro-apically; mesoscutum subquadrate, smooth, finely and sparsely punctate, notauli short and distinct only anteriorly; scutellum slightly elevated over metascutellum, almost impunctate, carinated throughout; mesopleuron shining all over, smooth on the upper ⅔ and sparsely and finely punctate ventrally, speculum smooth, epicnemial carina laterally ending at anterior edge of mesopleuron; sternaulus distinct on ⅔ of the length; posterior transverse carina of mesosternum incomplete, absent in front of mid coxae and slighty raised between mid coxae; metapleuron smooth, shining and impunctate, juxtacoxal carina strong; propodeum short in lateral view, sloping gently with almost no horizontal part; anterior transverse carina present with area basalis and area superomedia separated and shagreen, area externa and area dentipara separated and shagreen; area spiracularis and area lateralis shagreen and shining.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D56606FF9D916BFF7246F1FC83F808" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891673" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891673" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891673/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" startId="52.[190,233,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1399,785,1922]" targetPageId="52">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9D916BFF7246F1FC83F808" blockId="52.[188,1399,1963,2025]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9D916BFF7246F1FC6CF824" bold="true" box="[190,281,1963,1989]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Fig. 27.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF9D916BFED346F1FE6CF824" authority="Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityName="Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[287,793,1963,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Kibalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nonnaritae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9D916BFED346F1FF77F824" box="[287,514,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Kibalus nonnaritae</emphasis>
Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FF9D916BFCEC46F6FE08F827" box="[800,893,1964,1990]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, ♂ (TUZ).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9D916BFBB846F1F9FCF824" bold="true" box="[1140,1161,1963,1989]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
. Head, frontal view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9D916BFF704695FDA5F808" bold="true" box="[188,208,1999,2025]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">B</emphasis>
. Metasoma, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E0D56606FF9C916AFF7146F2FC7AF804" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891675" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891675" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891675/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" startId="53.[189,232,1960,1986]" targetBox="[202,1384,265,1924]" targetPageId="53">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9C916AFF7146F2FC7AF804" blockId="53.[188,1398,1960,2021]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9C916AFF7146F2FC6DF823" bold="true" box="[189,280,1960,1986]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 28.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFF9C916AFE1D46F2FEBCF823" authority="Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityName="Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[465,969,1960,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Kibalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nonnaritae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9C916AFE1D46F2FFC1F823" box="[465,692,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Kibalus nonnaritae</emphasis>
Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FF9C916AFC0346F3F95CF822" box="[975,1065,1961,1987]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9C916AFBE246F2F936F823" bold="true" box="[1070,1091,1960,1986]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">A</emphasis>
. Type locality.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9C916AFB3846F2F87DF823" bold="true" box="[1268,1288,1960,1986]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">B</emphasis>
. Country record.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9F9169FF7140EFFEDFFE13" blockId="54.[189,1398,436,498]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FF9F9169FF7140EFFD83FE2C" baselines="456,456" box="[189,246,437,463]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Legs" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">LEGS</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9F9169FEC440EEFC06FE2E" box="[264,371,436,463]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 26A</figureCitation>
). All coxae smooth, hairy and impunctate; hind coxa without scopa. Hind femur about 3.3–3.6× as long as medially high. Tarsal claws without pecten.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9F9169FF714343FE71FD9B" blockId="54.[189,1400,536,634]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FF9F9169FF714343FC7CFDD0" baselines="556,556" box="[189,265,537,563]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wings" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">WINGS</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9F9169FED74343FCF0FDD2" box="[283,389,536,563]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 26A</figureCitation>
). Fore wing with
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9F9169FD974343FFEAFDD2" box="[603,671,537,563]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">3rs-m</emphasis>
present, areolet pentagonal and large;
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9F9169FBA64343F9D9FDD2" box="[1130,1196,537,563]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">1cu-a</emphasis>
opposite
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9F9169FAEC4343F81AFDD2" box="[1312,1391,537,563]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">M&amp;RS</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9F9169FF714366FD93FDB7" box="[189,230,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">CU</emphasis>
between
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9F9169FE974366FCA6FDB7" box="[347,467,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">1m-cu&amp;M</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9F9169FDC34366FF27FDB7" box="[527,594,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">2cu-a</emphasis>
about 0.7× as long as
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9F9169FCAA4366FED2FDB7" box="[870,935,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">2cu-a</emphasis>
. Hind wing with distal abscissa of
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9F9169FA834366F80DFDB7" box="[1359,1400,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">CU</emphasis>
present, pigmented,
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9F9169FE674305FCA1FD98" box="[427,468,607,633]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">CU</emphasis>
about 3 × as long as
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9F9169FD05433AFF88FD98" box="[713,765,608,633]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">cu-a</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9F9169FF7143FBFFB2FCC5" blockId="54.[189,1398,672,804]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FF9F9169FF7143FBFC4CFD58" baselines="692,692" box="[189,313,673,699]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Metasoma" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">METASOMA</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9F9169FE8743FAFCC1FD5A" box="[331,436,672,699]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="52.[190,233,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,785,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-220@52.[189,1399,785,1922]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Fig. 27. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Head, frontal view. B. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891673" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891673/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 27B</figureCitation>
). First tergite shagreen throughout; 2
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9F9169FCBC43FAFEF4FD4F" attach="left" box="[880,897,672,686]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">nd</superScript>
tergite superficially and densely punctate, gastrocoeli indistinct; thyridia transverse, space between them smaller than one of them; 3
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9F9169FADE4399F855FD30" attach="left" box="[1298,1312,707,721]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">rd</superScript>
tergite superficially and densely punctate; the rest of the tergites shagreen; dorsal basal part of gonoforceps smooth and shining, hairy shagreen apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9F9169FF714216F821FB08" blockId="54.[188,1401,843,1257]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FF9F9169FF714216FC33FC85" baselines="863,863" box="[189,326,844,870]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Coloration" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">COLORATION</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9F9169FE944211FC94FC87" box="[344,481,843,870]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionStartId-1="52.[190,233,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,785,1922]" captionTargetId-0="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId-1="figure-220@52.[189,1399,785,1922]" captionTargetPageId-0="51" captionTargetPageId-1="52" captionText-0="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." captionText-1="Fig. 27. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Head, frontal view. B. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891673" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7891673/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs 26–27</figureCitation>
). Head with face, clypeus, mandibles (except the black apical teeth), orbits all around the eyes (except for a spot on vertex), and genae pale yellow; black are: mandibular teeth, ocellar triangle, frons, vertex, and temples.Antenna with scape and pedicel reddish-brown; flagellum black with white annulus present only on the dorsal side, from the 9
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9F9169FC9542EEFE13FC23" attach="left" box="[857,870,948,962]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">th</superScript>
to 13
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9F9169FC6542EEFEC3FC23" attach="none" box="[937,950,948,962]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">th</superScript>
/14
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9F9169FC1042EEFE9CFC23" attach="left" box="[988,1001,948,962]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">th</superScript>
flagellomeres. Mesosoma yellow, with base and lateral lobes of mesoscutum, metanotal trough, and propodeum (except area petiolaris) infuscated; tegulae pale yellow; the overall ventral side is pale yellow while the dorsal sclerites are mostly orange. Legs overall yellowish-brown, with fore and mid coxae, fore and mid trochanter, and basal portion of fore and mid tibia pale yellow; hind coxae bicolored, pale yellow in the basal half and reddish brown in the apical half; hind leg overall more infuscated than the fore and mid legs. Wing entirely hyaline. Metasoma entirely brownish-black, except for the white basal portion of the 1
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9F9169FADE45D2F868FB77" attach="left" box="[1298,1309,1160,1174]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">st</superScript>
tergite, the white apical bands on 2
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9F9169FDC945F1FF63FB58" attach="left" box="[517,534,1195,1209]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">nd</superScript>
and 3
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9F9169FDAD45F1FF1AFB58" attach="left" box="[609,623,1195,1209]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">rd</superScript>
tergites, the white gastrocoeli and thyridia, and the white central spot on the 7
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FF9F9169FE984594FC14FB3D" attach="left" box="[340,353,1230,1244]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">th</superScript>
tergite; gonoforceps brownish-black with a white apex, penis valvae also pale yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9F9169FF26444AFC30FACB" blockId="54.[189,325,1296,1357]" box="[234,325,1296,1322]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9F9169FF26444AFC30FACB" bold="true" box="[234,325,1296,1322]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9F9169FF714469FC4CFAAC" blockId="54.[189,325,1296,1357]" box="[189,313,1331,1357]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF9F9169FF71442FFC4CFA5C" box="[189,313,1397,1469]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9F9169FF71442FFD8DFA6E" blockId="54.[189,248,1397,1423]" box="[189,248,1397,1423]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF9F9169FF71442FFD8DFA6E" bold="true" box="[189,248,1397,1423]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9F9169FF71442FFD8DFA6E" bold="true" box="[189,248,1397,1423]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Host</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9F9169FF7144F9FC4CFA5C" blockId="54.[189,313,1443,1469]" box="[189,313,1443,1469]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF9F9169FF7144BEFCB0F9CC" box="[189,453,1508,1581]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9F9169FF7144BEFC23FA1F" blockId="54.[189,342,1508,1534]" box="[189,342,1508,1534]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF9F9169FF7144BEFC23FA1F" bold="true" box="[189,342,1508,1534]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF9F9169FF7144BEFC23FA1F" bold="true" box="[189,342,1508,1534]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF9F9169FF714749FCB0F9CC" blockId="54.[189,453,1555,1581]" box="[189,453,1555,1581]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF9F9169FF714749FC6DF9CC" box="[189,280,1555,1581]" name="Uganda" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Uganda</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF9F9169FEE44749FCCDF9CC" box="[296,440,1555,1581]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="53.[189,232,1960,1986]" captionTargetBox="[202,1384,265,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-21@53.[202,1384,265,1936]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Fig. 28. Distribution of Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Type locality. B. Country record." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891675" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891675/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 28A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

130
data/3C/03/87/3C038798FF9E9167FF714053F802FD15.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
<document id="78F878BCD447BA3FD45BE3FD317FC85B" ID-CLB-Dataset="53562" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.868.2105" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a0e1e77f-c13e-497c-aaef-8b762c4a63eb" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891587" ID-ZooBank="A09D1E2F-E2A8-44C6-B838-6BB1DCB3F657" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1683119414481" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Pos, Davide Dal, Claridge, Brandon, Diller, Erich, Noort, Simon Van &amp; Giovanni, Filippo Di" docDate="2023" docId="3C038798FF9E9167FF714053F802FD15" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-868_1-71.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 868" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Kibalus Rousse, van Noort &amp; Diller 2013" docType="key" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="C03AFFE0FFA9915FFFCC415AFD75FFE1" masterDocTitle="Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="56" updateTime="1699515245800" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="14DE9FCB445768A66450D1DA4641F901">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="064049C5B37F2CDA7E303DE4D7E7AA13" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F523D7CC4CB140FBA71F59972D86D59B">Pos, Davide Dal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4A90EDB540E5EC94FA798B56A82E8653">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C94FB25E1E181DC08D3B3AE7EB9E4DBE" type="email">daveliga@gmail.com;davide.dalpos@knights.ucf.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="EC46682FCFA3A7251E7A42D93F508626">Claridge, Brandon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A5A47EACE71FEA237690D53303BD83C1" type="email">brandonclaridge1@gmail.com;brandon.claridge@usu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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Key to the species of
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Rousse
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. 2013
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1. Propodeum without any longitudinal carina, no area defined, punctate rugulose (A); head mostly black (B) ...........................................................................
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– Propodeum with longitudinal carina present, area superomedia complete, weakly rugose (a); head mostly yellowish-orange or white (b)................................................................................................ 2
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2. Labial palpus short, not reaching fore coxa (A); mesopleuron and metapleuron densely punctate (A); frons, ocellar triangle, and vertex distinctly punctate (B); first flagellomeres as long as the second (A); head and mesosoma entirely orangish-yellow (A, B); antennae without white annulus (C)....... ...................................................................................................
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Labial palpus elongated, reaching past fore coxa (a); mesopleuron and metapleuron completely smooth (a); frons, ocellar triangle, and vertex smooth (b); first flagellomeres 2× as long as the second (c); head mostly white with frons, ocellar triangle, and vertex black (a, b, c); mesosoma and propodeum with black markings (a, c); antennae with white annulus (c) ........................................... ...................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA29154FDC647C3F95FF952" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[522,1066,1689,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Arearia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxymoron">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FDC647C3FF9DF952" bold="true" box="[522,744,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Arearia oxymoron</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA29154FD3C47C0F95FF952" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[752,1066,1689,1716]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA29154FD3B47E1FE49F934" box="[759,828,1723,1749]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA29154FD3B47E1FE49F934" blockId="11.[522,1066,1689,1749]" box="[759,828,1723,1749]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFA29154FD3B47E1FE49F934" box="[759,828,1723,1749]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[187,230,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[208,1375,267,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-1@12.[208,1375,267,1914]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 1. Arearia oxymoron Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013, ♀ (NHMUK). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, frontal view. C. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891591" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891591/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA29154FF7147A1FF92F8B7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA29154FF7147A1F85CF8F7" blockId="11.[189,1321,1787,1814]" box="[189,1321,1787,1814]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FFA29154FF7147A1F85CF8F7" box="[189,1321,1787,1814]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA29154FF7147A1FFFFF8F7" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[189,650,1787,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Arearia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxymoron">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FF7147A1FCE7F8F4" box="[189,402,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Arearia oxymoron</emphasis>
Rousse &amp; van Noort
</taxonomicName>
in
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFA29154FD7C47A6FE9DF8F4" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C524CEEB-F2B6-40F3-9480-7769BA7C8D68" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[688,1000,1787,1814]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BFCA5E6C5DFF8A64836566C8F1ED6080" page="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA29154FD7C47A6FE9DF8F4" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[688,1000,1787,1814]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FCC047A6FE4AF8F4" box="[780,831,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al</emphasis>
., 2013: 17–20
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(original description, key).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA29154FF714666FF92F8B7" blockId="11.[189,743,1851,1878]" box="[189,743,1851,1878]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA29154FF714666FCE7F8B4" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[189,402,1852,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Arearia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxymoron">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FF714666FCE7F8B4" box="[189,402,1852,1878]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Arearia oxymoron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA29154FE634666FF21F8B4" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[431,596,1851,1878]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref23600" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive, Nepean, Ontario, Canada." type="book" year="2016">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FE1A4666FF7CF8B4" box="[470,521,1851,1877]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
(catalogue).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA29152FF714621FCC4FE2F" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA29154FF714621FCC5F874" blockId="11.[189,432,1915,1941]" box="[189,432,1915,1941]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFA29154FF714621FCC5F874" bold="true" box="[189,432,1915,1941]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FF714621FCC5F874" bold="true" box="[189,432,1915,1941]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis of female</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA29152FF7146F2F9CFFE6C" blockId="11.[189,1399,1960,2022]" lastBlockId="13.[187,1398,265,397]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
The female of the species is hereby diagnosed for the first time bearing the same label data as one of the male
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFA29154FEE54696FCECF807" box="[297,409,1996,2022]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
reported in the original description. Compared to the male, no major differences are reported. Body length is approximately
<quantity id="73529B6BFFA49152FD424053FF9FFEC2" box="[654,746,265,291]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
, fore wing length is
<quantity id="73529B6BFFA49152FC1B4053F946FEC2" box="[983,1075,265,291]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
. The coloration is identical, with the exception of: (1) petiole dorsally brownish black (except for the postpetiole); (2) propodeum and axillae mostly black. Compared to the female of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA49152FD3D400AFEB4FE88" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1952" box="[753,961,335,362]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Arearia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA49152FD3D400AFEB4FE88" box="[753,961,335,362]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Arearia paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the ovipositor is strongly projecting, approximately 0.25–0.3 × as long as the length of the metasoma (0.1× in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA49152FBD44029F9DCFE6D" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1952" box="[1048,1193,370,397]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Arearia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA49152FBD44029F9DCFE6D" box="[1048,1193,370,397]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D56606FFA59153FF7746F3FF07F807" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891591" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891591" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891591/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[187,230,1961,1987]" targetBox="[208,1375,267,1914]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA59153FF7746F3FF07F807" blockId="12.[187,1396,1961,2023]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA59153FF7746F3FC7DF822" bold="true" box="[187,264,1961,1987]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA59153FEDC46F3FE5EF822" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[272,811,1961,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Arearia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxymoron">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA59153FEDC46F3FC93F822" box="[272,486,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Arearia oxymoron</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA59153FE2246F0FE5EF822" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[494,811,1961,1988]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (NHMUK).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA59153FC2B46F3FE89F822" bold="true" box="[999,1020,1961,1987]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA59153FAC146F3F855F822" bold="true" box="[1293,1312,1961,1987]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
. Head, frontal view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA59153FE9A4696FC1EF807" bold="true" box="[342,363,1996,2022]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C</emphasis>
. Habitus, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA49152FF7140EEFCC4FE2F" blockId="13.[189,433,436,462]" box="[189,433,436,462]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFA49152FF7140EEFCC4FE2F" bold="true" box="[189,433,436,462]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA49152FF7140EEFCC4FE2F" bold="true" box="[189,433,436,462]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Original type series</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA49152FF7140B8FFBEFCC2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA49152FF7140B8FF8BFE1C" blockId="13.[189,766,482,544]" box="[189,766,482,509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFA49152FF7140B8FF8BFE1C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112309" box="[189,766,482,509]" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFA49152FF7140B8FC5AFE1D" box="[189,303,482,508]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA49152FEF640B9FC27FE1C" box="[314,338,483,509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, by original designation (
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFA49152FDB040B9FF87FE1C" box="[636,754,483,509]" collectionName="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA49152FF71435CFF67FDC1" blockId="13.[189,766,482,544]" box="[189,530,518,544]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFA49152FF71435CFF7BFDC1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112351" box="[189,526,518,544]" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFA49152FF71435CFC41FDC1" box="[189,308,518,544]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA49152FEF3435CFCF4FDC1" box="[319,385,518,544]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="male">4 ♂♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFA49152FE5C435CFF73FDC1" box="[400,518,518,544]" collectionName="NHMUK" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">NHMUK</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA49152FF71431DFCDFFD80" blockId="13.[189,426,583,609]" box="[189,426,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFA49152FF71431DFCDFFD80" bold="true" box="[189,426,583,609]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA49152FF71431DFCDFFD80" bold="true" box="[189,426,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA49152FF71432CFC83FD52" blockId="13.[189,1398,630,691]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFA49152FF71432CFC87FD52" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112322" collectingDate="1927-02" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="R. E. Turner" country="South Africa" determinerName="D. Dal Pos" location="Harrismith" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Orange F. State">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFA49152FF71432CFCE5FD71" box="[189,400,630,656]" name="South Africa" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA49152FE69432CFCA7FD71" box="[421,466,630,656]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFFA49152FE2C432CFFE3FD71" box="[480,662,630,656]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Orange F. State</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B1756055FFA49152FD6D432CFE51FD71" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FFA29152FDC647C3FF38FC72:B1756055FFA49152FD6D432CFE51FD71" box="[673,804,630,656]" country="South Africa" name="Harrismith" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Orange F. State">Harrismith</location>
;
<date id="C014104EFFA49152FCE3432CFED2FD71" box="[815,935,630,656]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1927-02">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FFA49152FCE3432CFED2FD71" box="[815,935,630,656]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1927-02">Feb. 1927</collectingDate>
</date>
; Brit. Mus. 1927–117;
<collectorName id="195F5358FFA49152FB7F432CF848FD71" box="[1203,1341,630,656]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R.E. Turner</collectorName>
leg.;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFFA49152FF7143C3FC48FD52" box="[189,317,665,691]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">D. Dal Pos</determinerName>
det.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFA49152FEB343C3FC87FD52" box="[383,498,665,691]" collectionName="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA49152FF714380FC28FD15" blockId="13.[189,349,730,756]" box="[189,349,730,756]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFA49152FF714380FC28FD15" bold="true" box="[189,349,730,756]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA49152FF714380FC28FD15" bold="true" box="[189,349,730,756]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type locality</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA49152FF714253FFBEFCC2" blockId="13.[189,715,777,803]" box="[189,715,777,803]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFA49152FF714253FC22FCC2" box="[189,343,777,803]" name="South Africa" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">South Africa</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFFA49152FEAE4253FF65FCC2" box="[354,528,777,803]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Cape Province</collectingRegion>
, Somerset East.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA49152FF714210FF38FC72" box="[189,589,842,915]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA49152FF714210FC23FC85" blockId="13.[189,342,842,868]" box="[189,342,842,868]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFA49152FF714210FC23FC85" bold="true" box="[189,342,842,868]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA49152FF714210FC23FC85" bold="true" box="[189,342,842,868]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA49152FF714223FF38FC72" blockId="13.[189,589,889,915]" box="[189,589,889,915]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFA49152FF714223FC27FC72" box="[189,338,889,915]" name="South Africa" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA49152FEAD4223FF34FC72" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[353,577,889,915]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA49152FE724220FC8DFC72" box="[446,504,889,915]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

176
data/3C/03/87/3C038798FFA29154FDBF4543FEC9F9BC.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
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<mods:namePart id="1E082D8F72E9C84AEE076A00D28001E7">Pos, Davide Dal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="67C32EBDE9E320A91E352EE9334293E5">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7A25C5372F0877BA3535FE1C9966AEB1">Diller, Erich</mods:namePart>
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<mods:part id="A67F2D61243CEEE0CB1D6D8E2DDE4F19">
<mods:date id="CEFB4F3E5BD86B7016A39EFB1342905E">2023</mods:date>
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Genus
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FD0A4543FE56FBD2" bold="true" box="[710,803,1049,1075]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Arearia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA29154FCE64543FEB5FBD2" author="Seyrig A." box="[810,960,1048,1075]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 213" refId="ref22817" refString="Seyrig A. 1952. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. 4. Ichneumonidae Cryptinae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 19: 1 - 213." type="journal article" year="1952">Seyrig, 1952</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFFA29154FF714503F85CFB92" blockId="11.[189,1321,1113,1140]" box="[189,1321,1113,1140]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FF714503FC62FB92" box="[189,279,1113,1139]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Arearia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA29154FED24503FC91FB92" author="Seyrig A." box="[286,484,1113,1140]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 213" refId="ref22817" refString="Seyrig A. 1952. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. 4. Ichneumonidae Cryptinae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 19: 1 - 213." type="journal article" year="1952">Seyrig, 1952: 17</bibRefCitation>
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.
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species:
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FD594503FE12FB92" box="[661,871,1113,1139]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Arearia paradoxa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA29154FCA24503F972FB95" author="Seyrig A." box="[878,1031,1113,1140]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 213" refId="ref22817" refString="Seyrig A. 1952. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. 4. Ichneumonidae Cryptinae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 19: 1 - 213." type="journal article" year="1952">Seyrig, 1952</bibRefCitation>
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, by original designation.
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FF7145C3FC43FB52" bold="true" box="[189,310,1177,1203]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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One of the key features that separates
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FDBD459CFFBEFB01" box="[625,715,1222,1248]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Arearia</emphasis>
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from all the other Afrotropical
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is the presence of a deeply impressed sternaulus, extending beyond the mid-length of the mesopleuron. Moreover, the genus can be further distinguished by the combination of the following characters: (1) gastrocoeli and thyridia absent; (2) mandible bidentate; (3) malar space with subocular sulcus present and distinct; (4) areolet open (3
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absent).
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FF7144D4FC5AFA49" bold="true" box="[189,303,1422,1448]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Remarks</emphasis>
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placed
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FE2644E1FF31FA34" box="[490,580,1467,1493]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Arearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA29154FC8444E1FEC9FA34" box="[840,956,1467,1493]" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cryptinae">Cryptinae</taxonomicName>
(tribe
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA29154FBC744E1F907FA37" box="[1035,1138,1467,1494]" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="tribe" tribe="Stilpnini">Stilpnini</taxonomicName>
) due to the very long, deeply impressed sternaulus. Later on, it was transferred to
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA29154FC5B4487F939FA16" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[919,1100,1501,1527]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ichneumoninae">Ichneumoninae</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA29154FBB14487F806FA16" author="Townes H. K." box="[1149,1395,1501,1527]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref23170" refString="Townes H. K. 1971. The Genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 4. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 17, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1971">Townes (1971: 233)</bibRefCitation>
, after examination of the
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFA29154FE1344A5FF60F9F8" box="[479,533,1535,1561]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
. So far, the genus occurs only in the Afrotropical region with two species already described:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA29154FE5B477BFEDFF9DA" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[407,938,1569,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Arearia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxymoron">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FE5B477BFF19F9DB" box="[407,620,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Arearia oxymoron</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA29154FDBE477BFEDFF9DA" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[626,938,1569,1595]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, in
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFA29154FC1E477AF91CF9DB" box="[978,1129,1568,1594]" name="South Africa" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA29154FB69477BFC21F9BC" authority="Seyrig, 1952" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1952" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Arearia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FB69477BF800F9DB" box="[1189,1397,1568,1595]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Arearia paradoxa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA29154FF704718FC21F9BC" author="Seyrig A." box="[188,340,1602,1629]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 213" refId="ref22817" refString="Seyrig A. 1952. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. 4. Ichneumonidae Cryptinae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 19: 1 - 213." type="journal article" year="1952">Seyrig, 1952</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, in
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFA29154FEB34718FF78F9BD" box="[383,525,1602,1628]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA29154FDD04718FF8EF9BD" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[540,763,1602,1628]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FDB74719FFC0F9BD" box="[635,693,1602,1628]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA29154FCCA4719FEC5F9BC" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[774,944,1602,1629]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref23600" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive, Nepean, Ontario, Canada." type="book" year="2016">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FCE24719FE1DF9BD" box="[814,872,1602,1628]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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Key to the species of
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Rousse
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1. Mesoscutum and propodeum smooth (A); mesosoma mostly brown with pronotum yellow (A, C); propodeal carination developed, with area superomedia and petiolaris fused (B); ovipositor 0.1× as long as metasoma (C);
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– Mesoscutum transversely striate (a); mesosoma mostly yellow, dorsally black (a, c); propodeal carination indistinct, overall coarsely reticulate (b); ovipositor 0.25–0.3 × as long as metasoma (c);
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<mods:identifier id="054B8BB3FEA04BCE934F3A08224E40C1" type="GBIF-Dataset">a0e1e77f-c13e-497c-aaef-8b762c4a63eb</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AF3BABDB8CFD358F104EE81A92A1C716" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9D09542A241EA4541B94192E5599A632" type="Zenodo-Dep">7891587</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2A56BE23572C4079ADBDA41CF9D62454" type="ZooBank">A09D1E2F-E2A8-44C6-B838-6BB1DCB3F657</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="3C038798FFA7914DFE3A44D9FF17FDDC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7897200" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209581600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7897200" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FFA7914DFE3A44D9FF17FDDC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C038798FFA7914DFE3A44D9FF17FDDC" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA79151FE3A44D9F94BFA7F" box="[502,1086,1411,1438]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FE3A44D9F94BFA7F" blockId="14.[502,1086,1411,1473]" box="[502,1086,1411,1438]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFA79151FE3A44D9F94BFA7F" box="[502,1086,1411,1438]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FE3A44D9F94BFA7F" ID-CoL="S84P" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[502,1086,1411,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FE3A44D9FEF3FA7F" bold="true" box="[502,902,1411,1438]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FC4144DEF94BFA7F" author="Heinrich G." box="[909,1086,1412,1438]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA79151FD2B44FDFE38FA20" box="[743,845,1447,1473]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FD2B44FDFE38FA20" blockId="14.[502,1086,1411,1473]" box="[743,845,1447,1473]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFA79151FD2B44FDFE38FA20" box="[743,845,1447,1473]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStartId-0="15.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionStartId-1="16.[189,232,1927,1953]" captionStartId-2="17.[189,232,1061,1087]" captionStartId-3="17.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionStartId-4="18.[189,232,1603,1629]" captionTargetBox-0="[192,1380,955,1840]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,1071,1886]" captionTargetBox-2="[221,1371,265,1035]" captionTargetBox-3="[221,1363,1151,1868]" captionTargetBox-4="[189,1383,698,1553]" captionTargetId-0="figure-211@15.[189,1399,942,1840]" captionTargetId-1="figure-209@16.[189,1399,1071,1886]" captionTargetId-2="figure-25@17.[221,1371,265,1039]" captionTargetId-3="figure-27@17.[221,1363,1151,1868]" captionTargetId-4="figure-134@18.[189,1399,698,1553]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionTargetPageId-2="17" captionTargetPageId-3="17" captionTargetPageId-4="18" captionText-0="Fig. 2. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, subspecies (MZPW). A–B. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, lateral view. C–D. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW). C. Habitus, dorsal view. D. Habitus, lateral view." captionText-1="Fig. 3. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. A. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW). B. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW)." captionText-2="Fig. 4.Metasoma, dorsal view. A. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatusHeinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW). B. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW)." captionText-3="Fig. 5. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, subspecies (MZPW). A–C. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀. A. Mesopleuron, lateral view. B. Head, frontal view. C. Labels. – D–F. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀. D. Mesopleuron, lateral view. E. Head, frontal view. F. Labels." captionText-4="Fig. 6. Distribution of Centeterichneumon denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, subspecies. A. Known occurrence records: C. denticoxatus denticoxatus (blue dot) and C. denticoxatus obscutatus (yellow dots). B. Regional distribution: C. denticoxatus denticoxatus (in blue) and C. denticoxatus obscutatus (in yellow)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891593" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891597" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891599" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891603" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891607" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7891593/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7891597/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7891599/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7891603/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7891607/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 2–6</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA79151FF7144B2FCC4F8B9" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FF7144B2F907F9E2" blockId="14.[189,1399,1512,1609]" box="[189,1138,1512,1539]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FFA79151FF7144B2F907F9E2" box="[189,1138,1512,1539]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFA79151FF7144B2FE44F9E2" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,817,1512,1539]" page="130" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FF7144B2FE44F9E2" ID-CoL="S84P" authority="Heinrich, 1938: 130" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityPageNumber="130" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,817,1512,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FF7144B2FF4BF9E3" box="[189,574,1512,1538]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FD8A44B2FE44F9E2" author="Heinrich G." box="[582,817,1512,1539]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938: 130</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(original description, key).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FF714756FEA6F9A8" blockId="14.[189,1399,1512,1609]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FFA79151FF714756FEA6F9A8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FF714756FF30F9C7" ID-CoL="S84P" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,581,1548,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FF714756FF30F9C7" box="[189,581,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FD574756FE6DF9C7" box="[667,792,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">obscutatus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFA79151FCEB4756F954F9C7" author="Heinrich G." box="[807,1057,1548,1574]" page="130" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1938">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FCEB4756F954F9C7" author="Heinrich G." box="[807,1057,1548,1574]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938: 130</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(original description, key). Hereby synonymized under the nominate subspecies.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FCAE4775FEA6F9A8" bold="true" box="[866,979,1583,1609]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FF71472AFCCFF933" blockId="14.[189,1399,1648,1816]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FFA79151FF71472AFCCFF933" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FF71472AFFA3F96B" ID-CoL="S84P" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,726,1648,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="denticoxatus" subSpecies="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FF71472AFFA3F96B" box="[189,726,1648,1674]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFA79151FD22472BF94AF96B" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." box="[750,1087,1648,1675]" page="219" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FD22472BF94AF96B" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." box="[750,1087,1648,1675]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref23290" refString="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M. 1973. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Ethiopian Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 19, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1973">Townes &amp; Townes 1973: 219</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, key). —
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFA79151FAFC472AFC14F94F" author="Diller E." page="101" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FAFC472AFC14F94F" author="Diller E." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="93 - 111" refId="ref21061" refString="Diller E. 1981. Bemerkungen zur Systematik der Phaeogenini mit einem vorlaufigen Katalog der Gattungen (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Entomofauna 2: 93 - 111." type="journal article" year="1981">Diller 1981: 101</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue). —
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFA79151FDE847CEFE07F94F" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[548,882,1684,1710]" page="480" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FDE847CEFE07F94F" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[548,882,1684,1710]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref23513" refString="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K. 1997. A Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I: Subfamilies Acaenitinae to Ophioninae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 58, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1997">Yu &amp; Horstmann 1997: 480</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue). —
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FBF947CEF994F94F" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[1077,1249,1683,1710]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref23559" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2012. World Ichneumonidae 2011. Taxonomy, Biology, Morphology and Distribution. Database on flash-drive, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada." type="book" year="2012">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FBAE47CEF9E3F94C" box="[1122,1174,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
(catalogue); 2016 (catalogue).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FF714780F9C0F8F9" blockId="14.[189,1399,1648,1816]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FFA79151FF714780F9C0F8F9" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FF714780FFB1F915" ID-CoL="5DT7C" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,708,1754,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="denticoxatus" subSpecies="obscutatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FF714780FFB1F915" box="[189,708,1754,1780]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscutatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFA79151FD2F4780F94BF915" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." box="[739,1086,1754,1780]" page="219" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FD2F4780F94BF915" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." box="[739,1086,1754,1780]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref23290" refString="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M. 1973. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Ethiopian Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 19, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1973">Townes &amp; Townes 1973: 219</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, key). —
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFA79151FAF44780FC9EF8F6" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." page="480" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FAF44780FC9EF8F6" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref23513" refString="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K. 1997. A Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I: Subfamilies Acaenitinae to Ophioninae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 58, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1997">Yu &amp; Horstmann 1997: 480</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue). —
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FD6447A4FE38F8F6" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[680,845,1789,1816]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref23559" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2012. World Ichneumonidae 2011. Taxonomy, Biology, Morphology and Distribution. Database on flash-drive, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada." type="book" year="2012">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FD1C47A4FE76F8F6" box="[720,771,1789,1815]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
(catalogue); 2016 (catalogue).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FF714664FCC4F8B9" blockId="14.[189,433,1854,1881]" box="[189,433,1854,1881]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFA79151FF714664FCC4F8B9" bold="true" box="[189,433,1854,1881]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FF714664FCC4F8B9" bold="true" box="[189,433,1854,1881]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Original type series</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA79150FF714637FC77FD9F" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FF714637FC45F84B" blockId="14.[189,1399,1901,1962]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFA79151FF714637FC58F866" box="[189,301,1901,1927]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA79151FEF64637FCF8F869" box="[314,397,1901,1928]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">11 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA79151FE514637FC94F869" box="[413,481,1901,1928]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
(
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FE394637FE53F866" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[501,806,1901,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FE394637FE53F866" box="[501,806,1901,1927]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">denticoxatus denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (MZPW);
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA79151FC7B4637FE88F869" box="[951,1021,1901,1928]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA79151FBC04637F94EF869" box="[1036,1083,1901,1928]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FB824637F818F866" box="[1102,1389,1901,1927]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FB824637F997F866" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1102,1250,1901,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">denticoxatus</taxonomicName>
obscuratus
</emphasis>
) (MZPW).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA69150FF714053F9B0FE50" blockId="15.[187,1398,265,433]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA69150FF714053FCC3FEC2" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,438,265,291]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 130)</bibRefCitation>
described the species
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA69150FD0E4053FE0DFEC2" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[706,888,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FD0E4053FE0DFEC2" box="[706,888,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C. denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA69150FC3E4053F904FEC2" box="[1010,1137,265,291]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">11 females</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA69150FB614053F87EFEC2" box="[1197,1291,265,291]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
, all from “Rogez”,
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFA69150FEFF4076FCB6FEA7" box="[307,451,300,326]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. On the same page, the author also introduced the name
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FBA64076F992FEA7" box="[1130,1255,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">obscutatus</emphasis>
declaring it “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FF064015FCADFE88" box="[202,472,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">forma vel subspec. nov.</emphasis>
[=
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FE31400AFE79FE88" box="[509,780,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">new form or subspecies</emphasis>
]” based on
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA69150FC58400AF971FE88" box="[916,1028,335,362]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA69150FBF6400AF9F2FE88" box="[1082,1159,335,362]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
from Ankaratra, and
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA69150FF774029FC54FE6D" box="[187,289,370,397]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
from “Kalambatitra” [= Kalambatritra]. Subsequent authors treated
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FB8D4028F9CBFE6D" box="[1089,1214,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">obscutatus</emphasis>
as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA69150FF1140CCFC04FE51" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[221,369,406,432]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FF1140CCFC04FE51" box="[221,369,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA69150FE4C40CCFFD7FE51" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." box="[384,674,406,432]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref23290" refString="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M. 1973. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Ethiopian Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 19, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1973">Townes &amp; Townes 1973</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA69150FD6140CCFECEFE51" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[685,955,406,432]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref23513" refString="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K. 1997. A Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I: Subfamilies Acaenitinae to Ophioninae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 58, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1997">Yu &amp; Horstmann 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA69150FC0A40CCF91BFE51" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[966,1134,406,432]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref23559" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2012. World Ichneumonidae 2011. Taxonomy, Biology, Morphology and Distribution. Database on flash-drive, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada." type="book" year="2012">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FC2240CDF95CFE51" box="[1006,1065,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA69150FBB540CCF9CCFE50" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[1145,1209,406,433]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref23600" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive, Nepean, Ontario, Canada." type="book" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA69150FF71408DFC77FD9F" blockId="15.[187,1399,471,638]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Despite the red
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFA69150FEB2408DFC90FE10" box="[382,485,471,497]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
labels for both subspecies (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFA69150FCF5408DFECCFE13" box="[825,953,471,498]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[221,1363,1151,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-27@17.[221,1363,1151,1868]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 5. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, subspecies (MZPW). A–C. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀. A. Mesopleuron, lateral view. B. Head, frontal view. C. Labels. – D–F. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀. D. Mesopleuron, lateral view. E. Head, frontal view. F. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891603" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891603/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5C, F</figureCitation>
), no specimen was designated in the original description and, therefore, they cannot be referred to as
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFA69150FC0D40A0F946FDF5" box="[961,1075,506,532]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA69150FB8840A1F9A6FDF4" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[1092,1235,507,533]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 73.1). A more in-depth study of the MZPW collection will be required prior to the designation of any
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFA69150FB3B4344F807FDD9" box="[1271,1394,542,568]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="lectotype">lectotypes</typeStatus>
; therefore, for the moment, the type specimens should be referred to as
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFA69150FBDA431BF908FDBA" box="[1046,1149,577,603]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA69150FB42431BF86BFDBA" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[1166,1310,577,603]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 73.2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA6914FFF7143FCF9D0FD6B" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA69150FF7143FCFC28FD5E" blockId="15.[189,349,677,704]" box="[189,349,677,704]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFA69150FF7143FCFC28FD5E" bold="true" box="[189,349,677,704]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FF7143FCFC28FD5E" bold="true" box="[189,349,677,704]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Type locality</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA69150FF71438EFC84FCF3" blockId="15.[189,1399,724,786]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFA69150FF71438EFC3AFD0F" box="[189,335,724,750]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
: Rogez (
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA69150FE2E438EFE52FD0F" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[482,807,724,750]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FE2E438EFE52FD0F" box="[482,807,724,750]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">denticoxatus denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Ankaratra, Kalambatritra, Ampandrandava (
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FF0B43ADFCAAFCF0" box="[199,479,759,785]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA69150FF0B43ADFC2EFCF0" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[199,347,759,785]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">denticoxatus</taxonomicName>
obscutatus
</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D56606FFA69150FF714639FF1AF806" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891593" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891593/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[189,232,1891,1917]" targetBox="[192,1380,955,1840]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA69150FF714639FF1AF806" blockId="15.[189,1399,1891,2023]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FF714639FC7CF89C" bold="true" box="[189,265,1891,1917]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA69150FEC14639FE31F89C" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[269,836,1891,1917]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FEC14639FFF8F89C" box="[269,653,1891,1917]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA69150FD5F4639FE31F89C" author="Heinrich G." box="[659,836,1891,1917]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, subspecies (MZPW).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FB874639F9F7F89C" bold="true" box="[1099,1154,1891,1917]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A–B</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA69150FB5D4639FFD6F841" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="denticoxatus" subSpecies="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FB5D4639FC99F841" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA69150FE3E46DCFFD6F841" author="Heinrich G." box="[498,675,1926,1952]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, syntype, ♀.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FCF046DCFE24F841" bold="true" box="[828,849,1926,1952]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FB9746DCF91AF841" bold="true" box="[1115,1135,1926,1952]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">B</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FF7146F3FD83F822" bold="true" box="[189,246,1961,1987]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C–D</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA69150FECB46F3FEA0F825" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[263,981,1961,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="denticoxatus" subSpecies="obscuratus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FECB46F3FE63F822" box="[263,790,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA69150FCEC46F3FEA0F825" author="Heinrich G." box="[800,981,1961,1988]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, syntype, ♀ (MZPW).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FB2146F3F877F822" bold="true" box="[1261,1282,1961,1987]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C</emphasis>
. Habitus, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA69150FE9E4697FC12F806" bold="true" box="[338,359,1997,2023]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">D</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB9914FFF714052FCDFFEC3" blockId="16.[189,426,264,290]" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFB9914FFF714052FCDFFEC3" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFF714052FCDFFEC3" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB9914FFF26406DFFC8FEB3" blockId="16.[189,1399,311,479]" box="[234,701,311,338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFF26406DFC3AFEB0" bold="true" box="[234,335,311,337]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB9914FFF26406DFC3AFEB0" box="[234,335,311,337]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB9914FFEAC406DFFC7FEB0" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[352,690,311,337]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="denticoxatus" subSpecies="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFEAC406DFFC7FEB0" box="[352,690,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. denticoxatus denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB9914FFF714000FC35FE3E" blockId="16.[189,1399,311,479]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFB9914FFF714000FC49FE3E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112331" collectingDate="1931-01" collectingDateMax="1931-02-31" collectingDateMin="1931-01" collectionCode="MZPW" collectorName="E. Diller" country="Madagascar" county="Rogez" determinerName="G. Heinrich Hein." elevation="699" location="Madagaskar" municipality="Madagaskar" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFB9914FFF714000FCFBFE95" box="[189,398,346,372]" name="Madagascar" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB9914FFE664000FCACFE94" box="[426,473,346,373]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; “[Green label]
<collectingMunicipality id="5471ACF4FFB9914FFD524000FE45FE95" box="[670,816,346,372]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Madagaskar</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="5D744E02FFB9914FFCFF4000FE0BFE95" box="[819,894,346,372]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rogez</collectingCounty>
/
<quantity id="73529B6BFFB9914FFC554000FE96FE95" box="[921,995,346,372]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.99" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="699.0">
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFFB9914FFC554000FE96FE95" box="[921,995,346,372]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.99" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="699.0">699m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="C014104EFFB9914FFC2B4000F921FE95" box="[999,1108,346,372]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1931-01" valueMax="1931-02-31" valueMin="1931-01-00">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FFB9914FFC2B4000F921FE95" box="[999,1108,346,372]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1931-01" valueMax="1931-02-31" valueMin="1931-01-00">I.-II.1931</collectingDate>
</date>
/ leg.A.Seryig // [White label]
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFEC44027FCD3FE76" box="[264,422,381,407]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Centerterich-</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFE724024FF4CFE76" box="[446,569,379,407]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">neumon ♀</emphasis>
/
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB9914FFD9D4027FF90FE76" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[593,741,381,407]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFD9D4027FF90FE76" box="[593,741,381,407]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ det.
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFFB9914FFCE34024F976FE76" box="[815,1027,381,408]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
G. Heinrich
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFC0F4024F976FE76" box="[963,1027,382,407]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hein.</emphasis>
</determinerName>
// [White label]
<collectorName id="195F5358FFB9914FFB0A4027F851FE76" box="[1222,1316,381,407]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E.Diller</collectorName>
19
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFA854024F813FE79" box="[1353,1382,382,408]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">77</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFF7140FBFC62FE5A" box="[189,279,417,443]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">studiert</emphasis>
// [Red label]
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB9914FFE7340FBFF59FE5A" box="[447,556,417,443]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
/ [White label] MIZ PAN / WARSZAWA / 6/1946 / 8”;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFB9914FFB7740FBF867FE5A" box="[1211,1298,417,443]" collectionName="Poland, Warszawa [=Warsaw], Polish Academy of Science, Museum of the Institute of Zoology" country="Poland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ynr4-t34e" name="Polish Academy of Science, Museum of the Institute of Zoology" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MZPW</collectionCode>
(images examined)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB9914FFF26435FFFD3FDC1" blockId="16.[188,1399,517,650]" box="[234,678,517,544]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFF26435FFC3AFDFE" bold="true" box="[234,335,517,543]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB9914FFF26435FFC3AFDFE" box="[234,335,517,543]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB9914FFEAC435CFFEEFDFE" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[352,667,517,544]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="denticoxatus" subSpecies="obscutatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFEAC435CFFEEFDFE" box="[352,667,517,544]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. denticoxatus obscutatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB9914FFF714373F9D0FD6B" blockId="16.[188,1399,517,650]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFB9914FFF714373F9D4FD6B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112339" collectionCode="MIZ, PAN, MZPW" collectorName="A. Seyrig" country="Madagascar" determinerName="G. Heinrich Hein." location="MADAGASCAR" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFB9914FFF714373FCFBFDA2" box="[189,398,553,579]" name="Madagascar" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB9914FFE684373FCBAFDA2" box="[420,463,553,579]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; “[Green label]
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFD454372FE46FDA3" box="[649,819,552,578]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Kalambatritra</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFC894372FEACFDA3" box="[837,985,552,578]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Madagascar</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFC224373F96EFDA2" box="[1006,1051,553,579]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">T33</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFBE34372F9CAFDA3" box="[1071,1215,552,578]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">leg.A.Seyrig</emphasis>
// [White label]
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFF704316FCD8FD87" box="[188,429,588,614]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Centerterichneumon</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFE094316FF02FD87" box="[453,631,586,614]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB9914FFE094316FF2CFD87" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[453,601,588,614]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">denticoxatus</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB9914FFDAD4310FF02FD87" box="[609,631,586,614]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
/
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB9914FFD434316FE36FD87" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[655,835,588,614]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="denticoxatus" variety="obscuratus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFD434316FE36FD87" box="[655,835,588,614]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">var. obscuratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ det. G. Heinrich
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFBD34316F92AFD84" box="[1055,1119,588,613]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hein.</emphasis>
// [Red label]
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB9914FFAC54316F803FD87" box="[1289,1398,588,614]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
// [White label] MIZ PAN / WARSZAWA / 6/1946 / 15”;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFB9914FFC924335FEC0FD68" box="[862,949,623,649]" collectionName="Poland, Warszawa [=Warsaw], Polish Academy of Science, Museum of the Institute of Zoology" country="Poland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ynr4-t34e" name="Polish Academy of Science, Museum of the Institute of Zoology" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MZPW</collectionCode>
(images examined)
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.
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<paragraph id="B415368EFFB9914FFF7143EAFC23FD2B" blockId="16.[189,342,688,714]" box="[189,342,688,714]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFF7143EAFC23FD2B" bold="true" box="[189,342,688,714]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Distribution</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFB9914FFF714385FCE7FD18" box="[189,402,735,761]" name="Madagascar" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
: Androy, Atsinanana, Ihorombe and Vakinankaratra regions (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB9914FFB824385F98DFD18" author="Heinrich G." box="[1102,1272,735,761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich 1938</bibRefCitation>
) (
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).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB9914DFF71421EFF17FDDC" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB9914FFF71421EFC5AFCBF" blockId="16.[189,303,836,862]" box="[189,303,836,862]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFB9914FFF71421EFC5AFCBF" bold="true" box="[189,303,836,862]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFF71421EFC5AFCBF" bold="true" box="[189,303,836,862]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB9914DFF714228FF17FDDC" blockId="16.[189,1399,882,1014]" lastBlockId="18.[187,1400,264,573]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB9914FFF714228FCCEFC6D" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,443,882,908]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 130)</bibRefCitation>
differentiated the two subspecies based only on the different coloration of the metasoma.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB9914FFE8E42CFFE28FC4E" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[322,861,917,943]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="denticoxatus" subSpecies="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB9914FFE8E42CFFE28FC4E" box="[322,861,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the first three tergites completely reddish-brown, the 4
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB9914FFE9642E2FC12FC27" attach="left" box="[346,359,952,966]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">th</superScript>
progressively infuscating with an apical narrow white band, the 5
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB9914FFB5342E2F9D9FC27" attach="left" box="[1183,1196,952,966]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">th</superScript>
anteriorly black and posteriorly white-banded, while the remaining tergites are completely white (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB9914FFB644286F844FC17" box="[1192,1329,988,1014]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[192,1380,955,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-211@15.[189,1399,942,1840]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 2. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, subspecies (MZPW). A–B. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, lateral view. C–D. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW). C. Habitus, dorsal view. D. Habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891593/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 2A–B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB9914FFA8E4286F81FFC17" box="[1346,1386,988,1014]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1061,1087]" captionTargetBox="[221,1371,265,1035]" captionTargetId="figure-25@17.[221,1371,265,1039]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 4.Metasoma, dorsal view. A. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatusHeinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW). B. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891599/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">4A</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBB914DFF714053FFBDFEC2" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,712,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="denticoxatus" subSpecies="obscutatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBB914DFF714053FFBDFEC2" box="[189,712,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscutatus</emphasis>
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has the 1
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tergite and the anterior part of the 2
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reddish brown, the posterior part of the 2
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBB914DFD9C4071FF14FED8" attach="left" box="[592,609,299,313]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">nd</superScript>
tergite infuscate and the 3
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBB914DFC694071FEC6FED8" attach="left" box="[933,947,299,313]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">rd</superScript>
and 4
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBB914DFBCD4071F97BFED8" attach="left" box="[1025,1038,299,313]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">th</superScript>
tergites entirely black, the 5
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBB914DFAA54071F803FED8" attach="none" box="[1385,1398,299,313]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">th</superScript>
anteriorly black and apically white, the 6
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBB914DFD504015FFDCFEBC" attach="left" box="[668,681,335,349]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">th</superScript>
and 7
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBB914DFD3D4015FF8BFEBC" attach="left" box="[753,766,335,349]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">th</superScript>
completely white (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBB914DFC2C4015F911FE8B" box="[992,1124,335,362]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[192,1380,955,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-211@15.[189,1399,942,1840]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 2. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, subspecies (MZPW). A–B. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, lateral view. C–D. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW). C. Habitus, dorsal view. D. Habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891593/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figs 2C–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBB914DFBBC400AF9E3FE8B" box="[1136,1174,336,362]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1061,1087]" captionTargetBox="[221,1371,265,1035]" captionTargetId="figure-25@17.[221,1371,265,1039]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 4.Metasoma, dorsal view. A. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatusHeinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW). B. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891599/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">4B</figureCitation>
). We deemed these different characters as mere colour variation that does not allow an unequivocal differentiation of the two subspecies either based on consistent morphological traits or on clear distributional patterns. Moreover, also
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFBB914DFF3940E3FC9AFE32" author="Heinrich G." box="[245,495,441,467]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 130)</bibRefCitation>
was unsure on the exact position of the two groups of specimens (see
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFBB914DFAF040E0F803FE35" box="[1340,1398,442,468]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type</typeStatus>
series) and, therefore, because of the above reasons, the two subspecies are hereby synonymized:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBB914DFF7140A5FECCFDFB" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,953,511,538]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="denticoxatus" subSpecies="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBB914DFF7140A5FF98FDF8" box="[189,749,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFBB914DFD3340A5FECCFDFB" author="Heinrich G." box="[767,953,511,538]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBB914DFC2740A5FC87FDDC" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="denticoxatus" subSpecies="obscutatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBB914DFC2740A5FC4FFDDD" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscutatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFBB914DFE8E4378FC87FDDC" author="Heinrich G." box="[322,498,546,573]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFBB914DFE354379FF17FDDC" box="[505,610,547,573]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA79151FDD14053F962FEC2" box="[541,1047,264,291]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FDD14053F962FEC2" blockId="14.[541,1047,264,291]" box="[541,1047,264,291]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFA79151FDD14053F962FEC2" box="[541,1047,264,291]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="2">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FDA34052F962FEC2" ID-CoL="3K69" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[623,1047,264,291]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FDA34052FE2AFEC2" bold="true" box="[623,863,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FCAA4053F962FEC2" author="Heinrich G." box="[870,1047,265,291]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA79151FF714010FF8DFE69" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FF714010FF8DFE69" blockId="14.[189,1398,330,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FFA79151FF714010FF8DFE69" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFA79151FF714010FFD8FE84" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,685,330,357]" page="129" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FF714010FFD8FE84" ID-CoL="3K69" authority="Heinrich, 1938: 129" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityPageNumber="129" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,685,330,357]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FF714010FCD6FE85" box="[189,419,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FE7D4010FFD8FE84" author="Heinrich G." box="[433,685,330,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938: 129</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFA79151FD734011FF8CFE84" box="[703,761,331,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FCBE4010FC52FE69" ID-CoL="S84P" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FCBE4010F98FFE85" box="[882,1274,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FAC44010FC52FE69" author="Heinrich G." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation and monotypy.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA79151FF7140F5F956FC20" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FF7140F5FC43FE28" blockId="14.[189,310,431,457]" box="[189,310,431,457]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFA79151FF7140F5FC43FE28" bold="true" box="[189,310,431,457]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FF7140F5FC43FE28" bold="true" box="[189,310,431,457]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FF714087F956FC20" blockId="14.[186,1399,477,962]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
According to
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FEAF4087FF24FE19" author="Heinrich G." box="[355,593,477,504]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 22)</bibRefCitation>
the genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FD1B4087FEC8FE16" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[727,957,477,503]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FD1B4087FEC8FE16" box="[727,957,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by having “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FAD44087FFCEFDDF" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Clypéus largement arrondi. Spiracules du propodéum ovales chez les grands exemplaires, ronds chez les petits. Hanches III avec une petite dent chez la
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA79151FD694378FFCEFDDF" box="[677,699,546,574]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
[=
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FD2B437EF97DFD80" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Clypeus broadly rounded. Propodeum spiracles oval in large specimens, round in small ones. Coxae III with a small tooth in
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFA79151FC3F431FF97DFD80" box="[1011,1032,581,609]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
].” However,
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FB6A431DF802FD80" author="Heinrich G." box="[1190,1399,583,609]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich’s (1938)</bibRefCitation>
diagnosis is insufficient to separate
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FDAF4330FE3CFD65" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[611,841,618,644]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FDAF4330FE3CFD65" box="[611,841,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the other Afrotropical genera. We hereby attempt a more in-depth diagnosis of the genus.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FD1B43D7FEC8FD46" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[727,957,653,679]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FD1B43D7FEC8FD46" box="[727,957,653,679]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all the other genera by the following combination of characters: (1) bidentate mandibles (that sets
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FB4343EBF800FD2A" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1167,1397,689,715]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FB4343EBF800FD2A" box="[1167,1397,689,715]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
apart from
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FE8E438FFCFAFD0F" authorityName="Tosquinet" authorityYear="1903" box="[322,399,725,750]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FE8E438FFCFAFD0F" box="[322,399,725,750]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Lusius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FE04438EFF16FD0F" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[456,611,724,750]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FE04438EFF16FD0F" box="[456,611,724,750]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Heterischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (2) presence of distinct gastrocoeli, even though superficial (that allows the separation from
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FDCA43A2FF2BFCF3" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1952" box="[518,606,760,786]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Arearia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FDCA43A2FF2BFCF3" box="[518,606,760,786]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Arearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FDA343ADFF9CFCF0" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[623,745,759,785]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FDA343ADFF9CFCF0" box="[623,745,759,785]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Chauvinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FD3643ADFE0CFCF0" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[762,889,759,785]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Dicaelotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FD3643ADFE0CFCF0" box="[762,889,759,785]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Dicaelotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FC7243ADF9E7FCF0" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[958,1170,759,785]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplophaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FC7243ADF9E7FCF0" box="[958,1170,759,785]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hoplophaeogenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (3) non-modified hypostomal carina, meeting occipital carina at the base of mandible (modified in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FBAC4240F997FCD5" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[1120,1250,794,820]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethecerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FBAC4240F997FCD5" box="[1120,1250,794,820]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aethecerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and meeting occipital carina above mandibular base in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FD7C4267FE6CFCB6" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[688,793,829,855]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tycherus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FD7C4267FE6CFCB6" box="[688,793,829,855]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Tycherus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (4) 2
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFA79151FCA74267FE09FCAA" attach="left" box="[875,892,829,843]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">nd</superScript>
metasomal tergite roughly square (and not elongated as in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FEB8423BFCBAFC9A" authorityName="Rousse, van Noort &amp; Diller" authorityYear="2013" box="[372,463,865,891]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Kibalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FEB8423BFCBAFC9A" box="[372,463,865,891]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Kibalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (5) clypeus well-separated from face (epistomal sulcus present) (that allows a clear separation from
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FE7442DEFF4EFC7F" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[440,571,900,926]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Diadromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FE7442DEFF4EFC7F" box="[440,571,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diadromus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (6) malar space less than 0.5× as long as the mandible (different from
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FF7042FDFC4AFC20" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[188,319,935,961]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Diadromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FF7042FDFC4AFC20" box="[188,319,935,961]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diadromus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (7) hind coxae of female with a ventral tooth or small carina.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFA79151FF7142B3F972FAA7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FF7142B3FC5AFBE2" blockId="14.[189,303,1001,1027]" box="[189,303,1001,1027]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFA79151FF7142B3FC5AFBE2" bold="true" box="[189,303,1001,1027]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FF7142B3FC5AFBE2" bold="true" box="[189,303,1001,1027]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FF71454DFE83FB99" blockId="14.[187,1400,1047,1144]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
The genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FEFB454DFF68FBD0" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[311,541,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FEFB454DFF68FBD0" box="[311,541,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was introduced by
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FD30454DFE85FBD0" author="Heinrich G." box="[764,1008,1047,1073]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 129)</bibRefCitation>
to accommodate only one species from
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFA79151FF314560FCF8FBB5" box="[253,397,1082,1108]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FE514560FEA9FBB5" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[413,988,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FE514560FE6AFBB5" box="[413,799,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Centeterichneumon denticoxatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FCE54560FEA9FBB5" author="Heinrich G." box="[809,988,1082,1108]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, later divided into two subspecies, the nominotypical one and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FE304504FE87FB99" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[508,1010,1117,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="denticoxatus" subSpecies="obscutatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FE304504FE42FB96" box="[508,823,1117,1144]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. denticoxatus obscutatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FCF34507FE87FB99" author="Heinrich G." box="[831,1010,1117,1144]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA79151FF7145FAF972FAA7" blockId="14.[188,1400,1183,1351]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Except for the original
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFA79151FE0545FAFC89FB5B" box="[457,508,1184,1210]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">type</typeStatus>
series, no other records have been reported for the genus.
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FB5245FAFC7EFB3D" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref23290" refString="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M. 1973. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Ethiopian Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 19, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1973">Townes &amp; Townes (1973)</bibRefCitation>
provided a catalogue to the species with no new information on the distribution, while
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA79151FAED4599FC3AFB1E" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA79151FF7145BCFD8CFB1E" box="[189,249,1253,1279]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
failed to include the taxon into their review of the Afrotropical
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA79151FB8745BFF995FB1E" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[1099,1248,1253,1279]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Phaeogenini">Phaeogenini</taxonomicName>
. The species hereby newly described represents the first record of the genus after its original conception and expands its distribution for the first time to mainland Africa (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFA79151FCD34476FED6FAA6" box="[799,931,1324,1351]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[221,1363,1151,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-27@17.[221,1363,1151,1868]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 5. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, subspecies (MZPW). A–C. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀. A. Mesopleuron, lateral view. B. Head, frontal view. C. Labels. – D–F. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀. D. Mesopleuron, lateral view. E. Head, frontal view. F. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891603" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891603/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 5A–B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFA79151FC634476FE8FFAA7" box="[943,1018,1324,1350]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[188,231,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-448@21.[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 8. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov.A. Head, frontal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Coxa, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC); black arrow indicates the short ventral oblique carina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891613/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">8A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="FB4F724F718AA6FDCBC4A313565ABB2A" ID-CLB-Dataset="53562" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.868.2105" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a0e1e77f-c13e-497c-aaef-8b762c4a63eb" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891587" ID-ZooBank="A09D1E2F-E2A8-44C6-B838-6BB1DCB3F657" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1683119414481" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Pos, Davide Dal, Claridge, Brandon, Diller, Erich, Noort, Simon Van &amp; Giovanni, Filippo Di" docDate="2023" docId="3C038798FFAA9154FF714677F802FD31" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-868_1-71.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 868" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Phaeogenini Forster 1869" docType="key" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="C03AFFE0FFA9915FFFCC415AFD75FFE1" masterDocTitle="Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1699515245800" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="50CCFBAC18979E261C441FE5E4337FED">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="614BAE06B14DFFB4A0946D183246A88A">Pos, Davide Dal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="242D6E0F7FDD30E0A1D11FB802B9BC73">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A97E231E6C4B2E5D57526EE4B33A3895" type="email">daveliga@gmail.com;davide.dalpos@knights.ucf.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D6AE6B6ABDD7E78C293C1E7B81193DAE">Claridge, Brandon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B8BAB03EC80D524D0E47229ED8A9625C" type="email">brandonclaridge1@gmail.com;brandon.claridge@usu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4A35B80B4C08D6D886BEB6AF372832D6">Diller, Erich</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F1502B61F0853B580B5ED3F48FB3B346">Noort, Simon Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8F6B6FA95858D3E3C8591BA25DBA1EA8">Giovanni, Filippo Di</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFFAA915CFF714677FEA3F8A9" blockId="3.[189,982,1836,1865]" box="[189,982,1836,1865]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAA915CFF714677FEA3F8A9" bold="true" box="[189,982,1836,1865]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Key to the genera of Afrotropical
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFAA915CFDBA4676FEA3F8A9" authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[630,982,1836,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Phaeogenini">
Phaeogenini
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFAA915CFCEA4677FEA3F8A9" author="Forster A." box="[806,982,1836,1865]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="135 - 221" refId="ref21760" refString="Forster A. 1869. Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Ichneumonen. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens 25: 135 - 221." type="journal article" year="1869">Förster, 1869</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFFAA915CFF714638FE0AF808" blockId="3.[188,1398,1890,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
The key has been updated to include
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFAA915CFDA64638FF99F89D" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[618,748,1890,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethecerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAA915CFDA64638FF99F89D" box="[618,748,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Aethecerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFAA915CFCE84638F97FF89D" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[804,1034,1890,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAA915CFCE84638F97FF89D" box="[804,1034,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Centeterichneumon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, not considered in the previous key by
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFAA915CFEDD46DCFC8AF841" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[273,511,1926,1952]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAA915CFEA146DDFCD2F841" box="[365,423,1926,1952]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">et al.</emphasis>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
. Even though
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFAA915CFD6F46DCFE1FF841" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" box="[675,874,1926,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAA915CFD6F46DCFE1FF841" box="[675,874,1926,1952]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Nesostenodontus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs in the tribe
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFAA915CFB9B46DCF988F841" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1111,1277,1926,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ichneumonini">Ichneumonini</taxonomicName>
, the genus is also included here to facilitate the identification of the only species occurring in the Afrotropical region,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFAA915CFEDB4695FF83F809" authority="(Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013)" authorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[279,758,1998,2025]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mkomazi" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAA915CFEDB4695FCD4F809" box="[279,417,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">N. mkomazi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFAA915CFE7C4694FF98F809" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[432,749,1998,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFAA915CFD314694FE0AF808" box="[765,895,1998,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<key id="C03B61BFFFAD9154FF714306F802FD31" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFAD915AFF714306F802FCE4" blockId="4.[189,1399,604,700]" lastBlockId="5.[193,1399,746,773]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFFAD915AFF714306F802FCE4" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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1. Clypeus irregularly emarginate, with a median notch (A); mandibles unidentate (B); genae strongly swollen (A, B, C); gastrocoeli obsolete (C); propodeum lacking distinct carinae (C)........................ .............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFAD915BFCE043FAF802FD5D" ID-CoL="63F2B" authority="Cushman, 1922" authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1922" box="[812,1399,672,700]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nesostenodontus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAD915BFCE043FAFE8CFD5A" bold="true" box="[812,1017,672,699]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Nesostenodontus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFAD915BFBCC43FBF9CCFD5A" author="Cushman R. A." box="[1024,1209,673,699]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref20884" refString="Cushman R. A. 1922. New Oriental and Australian Ichneumonidae. Philippine Journal of Science 20: 543 - 597. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 26488" type="journal article" year="1922">Cushman, 1922</bibRefCitation>
(Ichneumonini)
</taxonomicName>
– Clypeus either lenticular (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFAD915BFD9B453AFFC3FB9B" box="[599,694,1120,1146]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1061,1087]" captionTargetBox="[221,1371,265,1035]" captionTargetId="figure-25@17.[221,1371,265,1039]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 4.Metasoma, dorsal view. A. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatusHeinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW). B. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891599/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 4B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFAD915BFD0F453AFF82FB9B" box="[707,759,1120,1146]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[202,1383,265,1925]" captionTargetId="figure-0@40.[202,1383,265,1935]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 21. Distribution of Heterischnus mfongosi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013. A. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow stars). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) country records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891655" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891655/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">21B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFAD915BFCCF453AFE40FB9B" box="[771,821,1120,1146]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[189,232,1501,1527]" captionTargetBox="[189,1383,604,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-109@43.[189,1399,604,1459]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 23. Distribution of Heterischnus olsoufieffi (Heinrich, 1938). A. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow stars). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) regional records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891661/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">23B</figureCitation>
) or squared (a), never irregularly emarginated or with a median notch; mandibles either bidentate (b) or unidentate (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFAD915BFBC945D8F901FB7C" box="[1029,1140,1154,1181]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1541,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-416@26.[189,1399,1541,1931]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 11. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMUS). A. Mesopleuron, lateral view. B. Mesosoma, dorso-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891621/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 11C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFAD915BFB4D45D9F9C0FB7C" box="[1153,1205,1155,1181]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1998,2024]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1964]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 14. Distribution of Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov. A. Type locality. B. Country record." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891633" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891633/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">14B</figureCitation>
); genae various, usually not as strongly inflated (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFAD915BFD6345FFFE7AFB5E" box="[687,783,1189,1215]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1603,1629]" captionTargetBox="[189,1383,698,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-134@18.[189,1399,698,1553]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 6. Distribution of Centeterichneumon denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, subspecies. A. Known occurrence records: C. denticoxatus denticoxatus (blue dot) and C. denticoxatus obscutatus (yellow dots). B. Regional distribution: C. denticoxatus denticoxatus (in blue) and C. denticoxatus obscutatus (in yellow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891607/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 6C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFAD915BFCD245FFFE26FB5E" box="[798,851,1189,1215]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1333,1359]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,815,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-154@39.[189,1399,815,1288]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 19. Heterischnus mfongosi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 (NHMUK). A. ♀, habitus, lateral view. B. ♂, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891649" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891649/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">19A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFAD915BFCAE45FFFEECFB21" box="[866,921,1189,1216]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[189,232,1653,1679]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,757,1612]" captionTargetId="figure-130@48.[189,1399,757,1612]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 25. Distribution of Hoplophaeogenes curticornis Heinrich, 1938. A. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow star). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) regional records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891667/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">25A</figureCitation>
); gastrocoeli and thyridia various, from obsolete (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFAD915BFE90459DFCB0FB03" box="[348,453,1223,1250]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1998,2024]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1964]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 14. Distribution of Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov. A. Type locality. B. Country record." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891633" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891633/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
) to distinctly present (c,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFAD915BFD25459DFE21FB03" box="[745,852,1223,1250]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[189,1399,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 26. Kibalus nonnaritae Dal Pos &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (TUZ). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. C. Mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891671/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 26B</figureCitation>
); propodeum with either distinct (c,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFAD915BFB33459DF81CFB03" box="[1279,1385,1223,1250]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[189,232,1501,1527]" captionTargetBox="[189,1383,604,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-109@43.[189,1399,604,1459]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 23. Distribution of Heterischnus olsoufieffi (Heinrich, 1938). A. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow stars). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) regional records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891661/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 23C</figureCitation>
), partial (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFAD915BFE8A45B0FCEAFAE4" box="[326,415,1258,1285]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1603,1629]" captionTargetBox="[189,1383,698,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-134@18.[189,1399,698,1553]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 6. Distribution of Centeterichneumon denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, subspecies. A. Known occurrence records: C. denticoxatus denticoxatus (blue dot) and C. denticoxatus obscutatus (yellow dots). B. Regional distribution: C. denticoxatus denticoxatus (in blue) and C. denticoxatus obscutatus (in yellow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891607/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
) or indistinct carinae (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFAD915BFD6545B0FE64FAE4" box="[681,785,1258,1285]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1333,1359]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,815,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-154@39.[189,1399,815,1288]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 19. Heterischnus mfongosi Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 (NHMUK). A. ♀, habitus, lateral view. B. ♂, habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891649" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891649/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 19B</figureCitation>
) ........................................................2 (
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFAD915BFB1645B0F81AFAE4" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[1242,1391,1258,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Phaeogenini">Phaeogenini</taxonomicName>
) 2. Mandibles unidentate, falcate (A, B)................................................................................................. 3 – Mandibles bidentate, shape various (a, b) ......................................................................................... 4
</keyStep>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFAC9159FF714466F802FADD" blockId="5.[189,1399,1340,1402]" lastBlockId="6.[193,1399,1314,1341]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFFAC9159FF714466F802FADD" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<keyStep id="0F5E2E2BFFAC9159FF714466F802FADD" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
3. Areolet open, 3
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAC915AFE6C4467FCA3FAB7" box="[416,470,1341,1366]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">rs-m</emphasis>
absent (A); hind wing with distal abscissa of
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAC915AFC234466F96DFAB7" box="[1007,1048,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">CU</emphasis>
absent (B)............................. ........................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFAC915AFBAD4405F802FA98" ID-CoL="5HCW" authority="Tosquinet, 1903" authorityName="Tosquinet" authorityYear="1903" box="[1121,1399,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAC915AFBAD4405F9C6FA98" bold="true" box="[1121,1203,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lusius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFAC915AFB764405F802FA98" author="Tosquinet J." box="[1210,1399,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 403" refId="ref23079" refString="Tosquinet J. 1903. Ichneumonides nouveaux. Memoires de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 10: 1 - 403." type="journal article" year="1903">Tosquinet, 1903</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
– Areolet closed, 3
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAC915AFE7F46C9FC9CF84D" box="[435,489,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">rs-m</emphasis>
present (a), sometimes non-tubular (b); hind wing with distal abscissa of
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAC915AFA8246C9F802F84C" box="[1358,1399,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">CU</emphasis>
present (a), sometimes very faint (b)
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAC915AFD5646ECF962F82E" box="[666,1047,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">....................................................</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFAC915AFBD646EFF802F831" ID-CoL="4W8X" authority="Wesmael, 1859" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[1050,1399,1973,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAC915AFBD646EFF9CEF831" bold="true" box="[1050,1211,1973,2000]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Heterischnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFAC915AFB0E46EFF802F831" author="Wesmael C." box="[1218,1399,1973,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref23391" refString="Wesmael C. 1859. Remarques critiques sur diverses especes d'ichneumons de la collection de feu le Professeur J. L. C. Gravenhorst, d'un court appendice ichneumonologique. Memoires couronnes de l'Academie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique 8: 1 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 67718" type="journal article" year="1859">Wesmael, 1859</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
4. Metasomal tergite 2 with gastrocoeli and thyridia totally absent (A, B)........................................... 5 – Metasomal tergite 2 with gastrocoeli present, and thyridia differentiated (a, b) ............................... 8
</keyStep>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFAF9158FF71460AF802FCE5" blockId="6.[189,1399,1872,1934]" lastBlockId="7.[193,1399,746,773]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFFAF9158FF71460AF802FCE5" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyStep id="0F5E2E2BFFAF9158FF71460AF802FCE5" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
5. Propodeal apophyses strong, spine-like, at least as long as basally wide (A, B) ................................ .......................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFAF9159FC2A4629F802F86F" ID-CoL="4YNQ" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[998,1399,1907,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplophaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAF9159FC2A4629F9CAF86F" bold="true" box="[998,1215,1907,1934]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hoplophaeogenes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFAF9159FB0A4629F802F86F" author="Heinrich G." box="[1222,1399,1907,1934]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
– Propodeum without spine-like apophyses, or apophyses hardly distinct (a, b)................................. 6
</keyStep>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFAE9157FF714466F802FA96" blockId="7.[189,1399,1340,1402]" lastBlockId="8.[193,1399,1337,1399]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFFAE9157FF714466F802FA96" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyStep id="0F5E2E2BFFAE9157FF714466F802FA96" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
6. Sternaulus deep and long, reaching beyond mid-length of mesopleuron (A); areolet open, 3
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAE9158FA8D4467F802FAB7" box="[1345,1399,1341,1366]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">rs-m</emphasis>
absent (B); hind wing with distal abscissa of
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAE9158FD364405FE56FA98" box="[762,803,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">CU</emphasis>
absent (B) ............................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFAE9158FBB04405F802FA9B" ID-CoL="32GK" authority="Seyrig, 1952" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1952" box="[1148,1399,1375,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Arearia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAE9158FBB04405F9ACFA98" bold="true" box="[1148,1241,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Arearia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFAE9158FB2D4405F802FA9B" author="Seyrig A." box="[1249,1399,1375,1402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 213" refId="ref22817" refString="Seyrig A. 1952. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. 4. Ichneumonidae Cryptinae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 19: 1 - 213." type="journal article" year="1952">Seyrig, 1952</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
– Sternaulus absent or at least much weaker and shorter (a); areolet closed, 3
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAE9158FBBD46C9F9D2F84D" box="[1137,1191,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">rs-m</emphasis>
present (b); hind wing with distal abscissa of
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFAE9158FDFA46ECFF2AF831" box="[566,607,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">CU</emphasis>
present (b), sometimes non pigmented .......................................... 7 7. Propodeum smooth, unsculptured (at least anteriorly) with median areas fused into one single mid-longitudinal area (A, B)
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA19157FDCB425DF949FCC1" box="[519,1084,775,800]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">.............................................................................</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA19157FB8C425FF802FCC1" ID-CoL="3MFW" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1088,1399,773,800]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA19157FB8C425FF9CAFCC1" bold="true" box="[1088,1215,773,800]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Chauvinia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA19157FB0A425CF802FCC1" author="Heinrich G." box="[1222,1399,774,800]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
– Propodeum punctate, or coarsely sculptured with area superomedia delimited (a, b) ........................ ..................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA19157FBF64406F802FA96" ID-CoL="44GD" authority="Wesmael, 1845" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[1082,1399,1372,1399]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Dicaelotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA19157FBF64406F9CEFA96" bold="true" box="[1082,1211,1372,1399]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Dicaelotus</emphasis>
Wesmael, 1845
</taxonomicName>
</keyStep>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<keyStep id="0F5E2E2BFFA19156FF714632F802FCC1" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA19157FF714632F803F829" blockId="8.[189,1398,1895,1993]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFFA19157FF714632F803F829" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
8. Hypostomal carina in female elevated into a flange and strongly curved or bent at its apex to join the ventral base of the mandible (A, B); in males, the ventral part of the genae strongly excavate ..........
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA19157FE6B46F7FF9FF828" ID-CoL="629NM" authority="Wesmael, 1845" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[423,746,1965,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethecerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA19157FE6B46F7FF5BF829" bold="true" box="[423,558,1965,1992]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Aethecerus</emphasis>
Wesmael, 1845
</taxonomicName>
(only Afrotropical species:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA19157FBFD46F4F81BF829" ID-CoL="65BC6" authority="Gregor, 1940" authorityName="Gregor" authorityYear="1940" box="[1073,1390,1966,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethecerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foveolatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA19157FBFD46F4F9BEF829" box="[1073,1227,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. foveolatus</emphasis>
Gregor, 1940
</taxonomicName>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA09156FF0D43B9F802FCC1" blockId="9.[193,1399,739,801]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFFA09156FF0D43B9F802FCC1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
– Hypostomal carina in female normal, not elevated into a flange nor strongly curved or bent (a, b); in males, the ventral part of the genae not strongly excavate (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFA09156FC54425CF974FCC0" box="[920,1025,774,801]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[189,232,1653,1679]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,757,1612]" captionTargetId="figure-130@48.[189,1399,757,1612]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 25. Distribution of Hoplophaeogenes curticornis Heinrich, 1938. A. Previous (blue dots) and new records (yellow star). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) regional records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891667/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 25C</figureCitation>
) .............................................. 9
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA09156FF7145DEF802FB04" blockId="9.[189,1399,1156,1253]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFFA09156FF7145DEF802FB04" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyStep id="0F5E2E2BFFA09156FF7145DEF802FB04" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
9. Hypostomal and occipital carinae joining distinctly above mandibular base (A); posterior transverse carina ventrally widely interrupted in front of mid coxae (B); face short and transverse with a strong mid-longitudinal bulge, laterally limited by grooves (C)
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA09156FCB14591F915FB05" box="[893,1120,1227,1252]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">...............................</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA09156FBA84590F802FB04" ID-CoL="83YR" authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[1124,1399,1226,1253]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tycherus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA09156FBA84590F9A6FB04" bold="true" box="[1124,1235,1226,1253]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tycherus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA09156FB174591F802FB04" author="Forster A." box="[1243,1399,1227,1253]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="135 - 221" refId="ref21760" refString="Forster A. 1869. Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Ichneumonen. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereins der preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens 25: 135 - 221." type="journal article" year="1869">Förster, 1869</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyStep>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA09155FF0D4714F802FCA2" blockId="9.[193,1399,1614,1676]" lastBlockId="10.[189,1399,739,836]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFFA09155FF0D4714F802FCA2" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
– Hypostomal and occipital carinae joining at mandibular base (a); posterior transverse carina complete (b); face quadrate without distinct mid-longitudinal bulge (c) ........................................................ 10
<keyStep id="0F5E2E2BFFA39155FF7143B9F802FCA2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
10. Metasomal tergite 2 elongate, more than 2 × as long as apically wide (A); thyridia shallow and lighter than remainder of tergite (A); flagellum slender, longer than fore wing (B) ........................... ..........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA39155FC4B4273F802FCA2" authority="Rousse, van Noort &amp; Diller, 2013" authorityName="Rousse, van Noort &amp; Diller" authorityYear="2013" box="[903,1399,809,836]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Kibalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA39155FC4B4273FE91FCA5" bold="true" box="[903,996,809,836]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Kibalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA39155FC274270F802FCA2" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[1003,1399,809,836]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse, van Noort &amp; Diller, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyStep>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA39155FF0D4460F803FA96" blockId="10.[193,1398,1337,1399]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFFA39155FF0D4460F803FA96" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
– Metasomal tergite 2 stout, less than 1.5× as long as apically wide (a); thyridia strongly marked and concolorous with remainder of tergite (a); flagellum shorter than or as long as fore wing (b)
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA39155FAD34407F82FFA97" box="[1311,1370,1373,1398]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">........</emphasis>
11
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFA39154FF7147A4F802FD31" blockId="10.[189,1399,1790,1922]" lastBlockId="11.[193,1399,588,721]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="0F5B95BBFFA39154FF7147A4F802FD31" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyStep id="0F5E2E2BFFA39154FF7147A4F802FD31" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
11. Clypeus not distinctly separated from face (epistomal sulcus obsolete) (A); median field of face indistinct (A); malar space long,&gt; 0.5 × the base of mandible (A); thyridia strongly marked (B); hind coxa of female without a longitudinal carina/tooth on the ventral side (C) ........................................
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA39155FF3C4632FC18F860" box="[240,365,1896,1921]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">.................</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA39155FEBC463DFFC6F863" ID-CoL="443S" authority="Wesmael, 1845" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[368,691,1895,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Diadromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA39155FEBC463DFC82F863" bold="true" box="[368,503,1895,1922]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Diadromus</emphasis>
Wesmael, 1845
</taxonomicName>
(only Afrotropical species:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA39155FC364632F802F863" ID-CoL="6D2HF" authority="(Gravenhorst, 1829))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Gravenhorst" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[1018,1399,1895,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Diadromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA39155FC364632F90DF860" box="[1018,1144,1895,1921]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D. collaris</emphasis>
(Gravenhorst, 1829))
</taxonomicName>
– Clypeus well separated from face (epistomal sulcus distinct) (a); median field of face distinct and protruding, delimited by carinae (a); malar space short, &lt;0.5× the base of mandible (a); thyridia shallow (b); hind coxa of female with a longitudinal carina/tooth on the ventral side (c) .................. ....................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFA29154FC1C43EFF802FD31" ID-CoL="3K69" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[976,1399,693,720]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFA29154FC1C43EFF9B5FD31" bold="true" box="[976,1216,693,720]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Centeterichneumon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFA29154FB0A43ECF802FD31" author="Heinrich G." box="[1222,1399,694,720]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyStep>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="BC64A105DE2397C5D1E386A0B2F70E6C">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="180BFFDEFA462771A2A777EBFC78CE26">Pos, Davide Dal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1E51C2FFFD0B90F726FD9B8E4608C4CF">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="960CFBEABF5497ED6499E05DF9C8BE55">Claridge, Brandon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="11C3943ED5B7881B5D83BDEBE2822F47">Diller, Erich</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="3C038798FFB09141FD8A4052FCC2FB04" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891623" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209581617" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891623" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E12B92E3-4C41-4E8E-9F21-96E087EE9F8E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C038798FFB09141FD8A4052FCC2FB04" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB09146FD8A4052F9CBFEA7" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB09146FD8A4052FE9BFEC2" blockId="25.[373,1214,264,361]" box="[582,1006,264,291]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFB09146FD8A4052FE9BFEC2" box="[582,1006,264,291]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FD8A4052FEF9FEC2" authority="Claridge" authorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[582,908,264,291]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ganota" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FD8A4052FE6AFEC2" bold="true" box="[582,799,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Chauvinia ganota</emphasis>
Claridge
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB09146FDBC4015FEB6FE88" box="[624,963,335,361]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB09146FDBC4015FEB6FE88" blockId="25.[373,1214,264,361]" box="[624,963,335,361]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB09146FDBC4015FF80FE88" box="[624,757,335,361]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="25.[189,232,1859,1885]" captionStartId-1="26.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,1541,1931]" captionTargetId-0="figure-231@25.[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetId-1="figure-416@26.[189,1399,1541,1931]" captionTargetPageId-0="25" captionTargetPageId-1="26" captionText-0="Fig. 10. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMUS). A. Labels. B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Metasoma, dorsal view." captionText-1="Fig. 11. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMUS). A. Mesopleuron, lateral view. B. Mesosoma, dorso-lateral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891619" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891621" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7891619/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7891621/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 10–11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB09146FCCD4015FE2DFE88" box="[769,856,335,361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,727,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-203@27.[189,1399,727,1923]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 12. Head, frontal view. A–B. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov. A. ♀, holotype (EMUS). B. ♂, paratype (EMUS). – C–D. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013. C. ♀ (EMUS). D. ♂ (EMUS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891627/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">12A–B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB09146FCA94015FEECFE88" box="[869,921,335,361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1370,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-380@28.[189,1399,1370,1924]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 13. Habitus, lateral view, ♂. A. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., paratype (EMUS). B. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 (EMUS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891629/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">13A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB09146FC6A4015FEB6FE88" box="[934,963,335,361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1998,2024]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1964]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 14. Distribution of Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov. A. Type locality. B. Country record." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891633" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891633/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">14</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB09146FF7140CAF9E5FCF7" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB09146FF7140CAFCBCFE4B" blockId="25.[189,457,400,426]" box="[189,457,400,426]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFB09146FF7140CAFCBCFE4B" bold="true" box="[189,457,400,426]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FF7140CAFCBCFE4B" bold="true" box="[189,457,400,426]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB09146FF7140E5F9E5FCF7" blockId="25.[186,1399,447,791]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FF7140E5FCE4FE38" authority="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni, 2023" authorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,401,447,473]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ganota" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FF7140E5FCE4FE38" box="[189,401,447,473]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Chauvinia ganota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFB09146FE57409AFC82FE3B" box="[411,503,448,474]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be distinguished from the other species of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FBFC40E5F9DFFE38" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1072,1194,447,473]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FBFC40E5F9DFFE38" box="[1072,1194,447,473]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Chauvinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of characters: (1) second tergite approximately 3× as long as apically wide (approximately 2 × in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FF30435CFC15FDC1" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[252,352,518,544]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Delesseriaceae" genus="Chauviniella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FF30435CFC15FDC1" box="[252,352,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FE54435CFF78FDC1" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[408,525,518,544]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FE54435CFF78FDC1" box="[408,525,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. nyanga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB09146FDE9435CFFFBFDC1" box="[549,654,518,544]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1859,1885]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-231@25.[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 10. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMUS). A. Labels. B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891619/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
); (2) female predominantly brownish-orange, with dorsal margin of pronotum predominantly yellowish-white (female predominantly black in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FB804373F9B0FDA2" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[1100,1221,553,579]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FB804373F9B0FDA2" box="[1100,1221,553,579]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. nyanga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, dorsal margin of pronotum orange to yellowish-orange and concolorous in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FC434317FE82FD87" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[911,1015,588,615]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Delesseriaceae" genus="Chauviniella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FC434317FE82FD87" box="[911,1015,588,615]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FBFD4317F99DFD87" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1073,1256,588,615]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelecinoides">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FBFD4317F99DFD87" box="[1073,1256,588,615]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. pelecinoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB09146FACE4316F804FD87" box="[1282,1393,588,614]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1859,1885]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-231@25.[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 10. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMUS). A. Labels. B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891619/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 10B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB09146FF724335FD86FD68" box="[190,243,623,649]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1541,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-416@26.[189,1399,1541,1931]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 11. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMUS). A. Mesopleuron, lateral view. B. Mesosoma, dorso-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891621/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">11A</figureCitation>
); (3) female antenna with incomplete yellowish-white annulus from 9
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB09146FBF34335F939FD9C" attach="left" box="[1087,1100,623,637]" fontSize="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">th</superScript>
to the 11
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB09146FB0D4335F9BBFD9C" attach="left" box="[1217,1230,623,637]" fontSize="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">th</superScript>
flagellomeres (annulus starting at the 7
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB09146FE3F43C8FF75FD41" attach="none" box="[499,512,658,672]" fontSize="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">th</superScript>
/8
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB09146FDDB43C8FF51FD41" attach="left" box="[535,548,658,672]" fontSize="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">th</superScript>
flagellomeres in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FD3143C9FE1CFD4D" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[765,873,658,685]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Delesseriaceae" genus="Chauviniella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FD3143C9FE1CFD4D" box="[765,873,658,685]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FC6043C9F913FD4D" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[940,1126,658,685]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelecinoides">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FC6043C9F913FD4D" box="[940,1126,658,685]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. pelecinoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB09146FB4843C8F981FD4C" box="[1156,1268,658,685]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1859,1885]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-231@25.[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 10. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMUS). A. Labels. B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891619/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
); (4) male overall lighter in colour than males of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FDB143ECFF80FD31" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[637,757,694,720]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FDB143ECFF80FD31" box="[637,757,694,720]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. nyanga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and with mesopleuron predominantly yellowish-white (mesopleuron predominantly black in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FD494383FF8BFD12" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[645,766,729,755]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FD494383FF8BFD12" box="[645,766,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. nyanga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB09146FCD54383FEFDFD12" box="[793,904,729,755]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1370,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-380@28.[189,1399,1370,1924]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 13. Habitus, lateral view, ♂. A. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., paratype (EMUS). B. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 (EMUS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891629/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
); (5) male face with less distinct and less impressed punctures (more distinct and deeply impressed in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FC4F43A7FE89FCF7" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[899,1020,765,791]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FC4F43A7FE89FCF7" box="[899,1020,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. nyanga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB09146FBDA43A6F9F5FCF7" box="[1046,1152,764,790]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,727,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-203@27.[189,1399,727,1923]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 12. Head, frontal view. A–B. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov. A. ♀, holotype (EMUS). B. ♂, paratype (EMUS). – C–D. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013. C. ♀ (EMUS). D. ♂ (EMUS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891627/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB09146FF714264F848FC48" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB09146FF714264FC31FCB9" blockId="25.[189,324,830,856]" box="[189,324,830,856]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFB09146FF714264FC31FCB9" bold="true" box="[189,324,830,856]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FF714264FC31FCB9" bold="true" box="[189,324,830,856]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB09146FF714237F848FC48" blockId="25.[189,1398,876,938]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
From the Greek ‘
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FE454237FC93FC67" box="[393,486,877,902]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">ganotos</emphasis>
’ meaning ‘polished’ or ‘brightened’ as this species is overall lighter in colour compared to the species to which it is most similar,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FCD042D5F84CFC48" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[796,1337,911,938]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FCD042D5FE81FC48" box="[796,1012,911,937]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Chauvinia nyanga</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB09146FC3042CAF84CFC48" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[1020,1337,911,938]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E0D56606FFB09146FF714619FC8DF861" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891619" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891619/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[189,232,1859,1885]" targetBox="[189,1399,1036,1815]" targetPageId="25">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB09146FF714619FC8DF861" blockId="25.[189,1399,1859,1921]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FF714619FC6FF8BC" bold="true" box="[189,282,1859,1885]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB09146FEED4619FF14F8BC" authority="Claridge" authorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[289,609,1859,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ganota" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FEED4619FC81F8BC" box="[289,500,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Chauvinia ganota</emphasis>
Claridge
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFB09146FDA54619FFB3F8BC" box="[617,710,1859,1885]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, ♀ (EMUS).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FC154619FE9BF8BC" bold="true" box="[985,1006,1859,1885]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">A</emphasis>
. Labels.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FB974619F91BF8BC" bold="true" box="[1115,1134,1859,1885]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">B</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB09146FF71463CFDA7F861" bold="true" box="[189,210,1894,1920]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C</emphasis>
. Metasoma, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB39145FF714053FC63FCF0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB39145FF714053FC19FEC3" blockId="26.[189,364,264,291]" box="[189,364,264,291]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFB39145FF714053FC19FEC3" bold="true" box="[189,364,264,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB39145FF714053FC19FEC3" bold="true" box="[189,364,264,291]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB39145FF26406DFC29FEB0" blockId="26.[189,1398,311,408]" box="[234,348,311,337]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB39145FF26406DFC29FEB0" bold="true" box="[234,348,311,337]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB39145FF26406DFC29FEB0" box="[234,348,311,337]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB39145FF714000FCB9FE76" blockId="26.[189,1398,311,408]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFB39145FF714000FCB9FE76" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112335" collectingDate="1972-09" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" county="Nairobi" elevation="0" location="Karen" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="ENT00006497" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFB39145FF714000FC55FE95" box="[189,288,346,372]" name="Kenya" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">KENYA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FEF54001FC3AFE94" box="[313,335,347,373]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
“[Offwhite label]
<location id="B1756055FFB39145FDE74001FF03FE94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FFB09141FD8A4052FCC2FB04:B1756055FFB39145FDE74001FF03FE94" box="[555,630,347,373]" country="Kenya" county="Nairobi" name="Karen" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Karen</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="5D744E02FFB39145FD4E4000FFAAFE95" box="[642,735,346,372]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Nairobi</collectingCounty>
, Kenya /
<date id="C014104EFFB39145FC9C4000FEBAFE95" box="[848,975,346,372]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-09">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FFB39145FC9C4000FEBAFE95" box="[848,975,346,372]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-09">Sept. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
2000± m./ C’ngham-vanSomeren”;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFB39145FF714024FC7BFE79" box="[189,270,382,408]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">EMUS</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="E40C9EF5FFB39145FEDA4027FCBDFE76" box="[278,456,381,407]" collectionCode="EMUS" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">ENT00006497</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB39145FF7140E5FF41FE38" blockId="26.[189,564,447,473]" box="[189,564,447,473]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Female, in very good condition.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB39145FF26435AFC12FDFB" blockId="26.[189,1399,512,785]" box="[234,359,512,538]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB39145FF26435AFC12FDFB" bold="true" box="[234,359,512,538]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB39145FF26435AFC12FDFB" box="[234,359,512,538]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB39145FF71437EFC63FCF0" blockId="26.[189,1399,512,785]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFB39145FF71437EF873FDDF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112343" box="[189,1286,547,574]" collectingDate="1972-08" collectionCode="EMUS" collectorName="B. Claridge" country="Kenya" location="KENYA" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="5" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFB39145FF71437EFC55FDDF" box="[189,288,548,574]" name="Kenya" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">KENYA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FEF8437EFC2BFDDF" box="[308,350,548,574]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FEA74379FCDBFDDF" box="[363,430,547,574]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">5 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB39145FD3C4379FE2FFDDC" box="[752,858,547,573]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<date id="C014104EFFB39145FCAF437EFE95FDDF" box="[867,992,548,574]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-08">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FFB39145FCAF437EFE95FDDF" box="[867,992,548,574]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-08">Aug. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="195F5358FFB39145FC26437EF905FDDC" box="[1002,1136,547,574]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">B. Claridge</collectorName>
des.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFB39145FB7D437EF873FDDF" box="[1201,1286,548,574]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFB39145FAEC4379FED7FD80" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112332" collectingDate="1972-09" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" location="KENYA" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="27" specimenCount-female="16" specimenCount-male="11" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FAEC4379F805FDDF" box="[1312,1392,547,574]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">16 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FF71431DFC7AFD80" box="[189,271,583,609]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">11 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB39145FD94431DFFB7FD80" box="[600,706,583,609]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<date id="C014104EFFB39145FD02431DFE33FD80" box="[718,838,583,609]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-09">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FFB39145FD02431DFE33FD80" box="[718,838,583,609]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-09">Sep. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFB39145FC9D431DFED7FD80" box="[849,930,583,609]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFB39145FC76431DFF58FD65" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112313" collectingDate="1972-10" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" location="KENYA" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="14" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="10" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FC76431DFE88FD80" box="[954,1021,583,609]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FBC6431DF928FD80" box="[1034,1117,583,609]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">10 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB39145FF2A4330FC25FD65" box="[230,336,618,644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<date id="C014104EFFB39145FE974330FCA4FD65" box="[347,465,618,644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-10">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FFB39145FE974330FCA4FD65" box="[347,465,618,644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-10">Oct. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFB39145FE104330FF58FD65" box="[476,557,618,644]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFB39145FD894330F810FD65" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112314" box="[581,1381,618,644]" collectingDate="1972-11" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" location="KENYA" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="11" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="10" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FD894330FF05FD65" box="[581,624,618,644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FDB24330FFA5FD65" box="[638,720,618,644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">10 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB39145FBDB4330F9F4FD65" box="[1047,1153,618,644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<date id="C014104EFFB39145FB414330F87CFD65" box="[1165,1289,618,644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-11">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FFB39145FB414330F87CFD65" box="[1165,1289,618,644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-11">Nov. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFB39145FAD84330F810FD65" box="[1300,1381,618,644]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFB39145FF7143D7FE97FD46" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112344" box="[189,994,653,680]" collectingDate="1972-12" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" location="KENYA" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="5" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FF7143D7FD9FFD49" box="[189,234,653,680]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FF3543D7FC4AFD49" box="[249,319,653,680]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">5 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB39145FD5D43D7FF8EFD46" box="[657,763,653,679]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<date id="C014104EFFB39145FCC443D4FEF1FD46" box="[776,900,653,680]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-12">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FFB39145FCC443D4FEF1FD46" box="[776,900,653,680]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-12">Dec. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFB39145FC5D43D7FE97FD46" box="[913,994,653,679]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFB39145FC3143D7FF61FD2B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112321" collectingDate="1973-03" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" location="KENYA" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FC3143D7F95EFD49" box="[1021,1067,653,680]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB39145FF7143EAFC52FD2B" box="[189,295,688,714]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<date id="C014104EFFB39145FEFA43EBFCC1FD2B" box="[310,436,688,715]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1973-03">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FFB39145FEFA43EBFCC1FD2B" box="[310,436,688,715]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1973-03">Mar. 1973</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFB39145FE0F43EAFF61FD2B" box="[451,532,688,714]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFB39145FDFE43EAFC7BFD0F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112330" collectingDate="1971-09" collectionCode="EMUS" country="Kenya" elevation="1829" location="KENYA" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FDFE43EAFF0FFD2A" box="[562,634,688,715]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB39145FC1943EAF94AFD2B" box="[981,1087,688,714]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<date id="C014104EFFB39145FB8243EAF9BCFD2B" box="[1102,1225,688,714]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1971-09">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FFB39145FB8243EAF9BCFD2B" box="[1102,1225,688,714]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1971-09">Sep. 1971</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFFB39145FB1B43EAF805FD2B" box="[1239,1392,688,714]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="ft" value="6000.0">
<quantity id="73529B6BFFB39145FB1B43EAF85BFD2B" box="[1239,1326,688,714]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="ft" value="6000.0">6000 ft</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFB39145FF71438EFC7BFD0F" box="[189,270,724,750]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFB39145FEE0438EFC67FCF0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112319" collectingDate="1972-01" collectingDateMax="1972-03-31" collectingDateMin="1972-01" collectionCode="EMUS" collectorName="C. van Someren &amp; B. Claridge" country="Kenya" elevation="1829" location="Nairobi" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB39145FEE0438EFC2BFD0F" box="[300,350,724,750]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; near
<location id="B1756055FFB39145FE654389FF73FD0C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FFB09141FD8A4052FCC2FB04:B1756055FFB39145FE654389FF73FD0C" box="[425,518,723,749]" country="Kenya" name="Nairobi" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Nairobi</location>
;
<date id="C014104EFFB39145FDD9438EFF99FD0F" box="[533,748,724,750]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-01" valueMax="1972-03-31" valueMin="1972-01-00">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FFB39145FDD9438EFF99FD0F" box="[533,748,724,750]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-01" valueMax="1972-03-31" valueMin="1972-01-00">Jan. to Mar. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFFB39145FD374389FEE1FD0C" box="[763,916,723,749]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="ft" value="6000.0">
<quantity id="73529B6BFFB39145FD374389FE27FD0C" box="[763,850,723,749]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="ft" value="6000.0">6000 ft</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<collectorName id="195F5358FFB39145FC68438EF910FD0F" box="[932,1125,724,750]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">C. van Someren</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectorName id="195F5358FFB39145FB60438EF843FD0C" box="[1196,1334,723,750]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">B. Claridge</collectorName>
des.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFB39145FF7143ADFC67FCF0" box="[189,274,759,785]" collectionName="USA, Utah, Logan, Utah State University" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">EMUS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB39141FF714262F802FC1E" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB39145FF714262FC3BFCB3" blockId="26.[189,334,824,850]" box="[189,334,824,850]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFB39145FF714262FC3BFCB3" bold="true" box="[189,334,824,850]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB39145FF714262FC3BFCB3" bold="true" box="[189,334,824,850]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB39145FF26423DFC30FC60" blockId="26.[189,951,871,933]" box="[234,325,871,897]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB39145FF26423DFC30FC60" bold="true" box="[234,325,871,897]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB39145FF7142D0FEC2FC45" blockId="26.[189,951,871,933]" box="[189,951,906,933]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFB39145FF7142D0FC19FC43" baselines="925,925" box="[189,364,906,932]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
. Body length:
<quantity id="73529B6BFFB39145FDD742D0FF0DFC45" box="[539,632,906,933]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
; fore wing length:
<quantity id="73529B6BFFB39145FC9942D0FEC7FC45" box="[853,946,906,932]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB39145FF714296FEFBFA33" blockId="26.[189,1401,971,1491]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFB39145FF714296FD89FC05" baselines="991,991" box="[189,252,972,998]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Head" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">HEAD</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB39145FEDC4291FC08FC07" box="[272,381,971,998]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1541,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-416@26.[189,1399,1541,1931]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 11. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMUS). A. Mesopleuron, lateral view. B. Mesosoma, dorso-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891621/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 11A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB39145FE424291FCB4FC07" box="[398,449,971,998]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,727,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-203@27.[189,1399,727,1923]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 12. Head, frontal view. A–B. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov. A. ♀, holotype (EMUS). B. ♂, paratype (EMUS). – C–D. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013. C. ♀ (EMUS). D. ♂ (EMUS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891627/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">12A</figureCitation>
). Subquadrate in frontal view (slightly higher than wide), overall shining; face transverse, more than 3× as wide as medially high, very finely, sparsely punctate with punctation denser laterally, medio-apically protruding in a very distinct blunt tubercule immediately ventral to antennal sockets, median field present, weakly convex, and delimited by indistinct carinae on the ventral part of the face; antennal socket slightly projecting into a small flange; dorsal tentorial arm pit distant from antennal sockets by less than 2× the diameter of the pit; frons and vertex almost completely smooth, with extremely sparse and superficial punctuation; ocellar triangle indistinct; occipital carina distinct and complete, meeting hypostomal carina before the base of the mandible; temples slightly rounded in dorsal view; gena, in lateral view, weakly inflated and nearly impunctate except for a few scattered, fine, superficial punctures; clypeus moderately convex, shining, and nearly impunctate except for a few scattered, fine, superficial punctures, particularly near ventral and dorsal margins; malar space short, about 0.6× basal width of mandible; mandible with sparse setiferous punctures in the central area, teeth rather stout with the ventral tooth shorter (about 0.7 ×) than the upper tooth; antenna subclavate with apical flagellomeres short and wide; flagellum with 23 flagellomeres, the 2
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB39145FBF144CEF93BFA43" attach="left" box="[1085,1102,1428,1442]" fontSize="6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">nd</superScript>
flagellomere about 0.8× length of 1
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB39145FEF044E2FC32FA27" attach="none" box="[316,327,1464,1478]" fontSize="6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">st</superScript>
, preapical flagellomeres slightly wider than long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D56606FFB39145FF7146F6FF32F808" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891621" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891621/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[189,232,1964,1990]" targetBox="[189,1399,1541,1931]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB39145FF7146F6FF32F808" blockId="26.[189,1399,1964,2026]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB39145FF7146F6FC68F827" bold="true" box="[189,285,1964,1990]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB39145FEE546F6FF06F827" authority="Claridge" authorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[297,627,1964,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ganota" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB39145FEE546F6FF74F827" box="[297,513,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Chauvinia ganota</emphasis>
Claridge
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFB39145FD4C46F7FF96F826" box="[640,739,1965,1991]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, ♀ (EMUS).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB39145FBC646F6F96AF827" bold="true" box="[1034,1055,1964,1990]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">A</emphasis>
. Mesopleuron, lateral view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB39145FF71468AFDA4F80B" bold="true" box="[189,209,2000,2026]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">B</emphasis>
. Mesosoma, dorso-lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB29144FF714053F816FD47" blockId="27.[186,1400,265,679]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFB29144FF714053FC4CFEC0" baselines="284,284" box="[189,313,265,291]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mesosoma" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">MESOSOMA</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB29144FE814053FCACFEC2" box="[333,473,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1541,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-416@26.[189,1399,1541,1931]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 11. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMUS). A. Mesopleuron, lateral view. B. Mesosoma, dorso-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891621/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 11A–B</figureCitation>
). Overall shining; pronotum smooth and impunctate; epomia small but well-developed; propleuron finely punctate, with sparse hairs, projected into a blunt flange ventro-apically; mesoscutum smooth and impunctate except for a few scattered, fine, superficial punctures, notauli obsolete; scutellum flat and impunctate, carinated only at the base; mesopleuron smooth and impunctate except for a few scattered, fine, superficial punctures, speculum smooth; epicnemial carina slightly raised between fore coxae, laterally ending at anterior edge of mesopleuron; sternaulus distinct on anterior fourth; posterior transverse carina of mesosternum widely obsolete in front of mid coxae; metapleuron smooth and impunctate, juxtacoxal carina strong; propodeum long in lateral view, gently sloping posteriorly; propodeal carinae well-developed except for the posterior transverse carinae obsolete between median longitudinal carinae and subobsolete between median and lateral longitudinal carinae; propodeum overall smooth and sparsely punctate laterally, medially with confluent area consisting of area petiolaris, and area superomedia transversely rugulose, becoming coarser and denser posteriorly.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D56606FFB29144FF7146F3F802F806" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891627" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891627/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[189,232,1961,1987]" targetBox="[189,1399,727,1923]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB29144FF7146F3F802F806" blockId="27.[189,1399,1961,2023]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB29144FF7146F3FC6EF822" bold="true" box="[189,283,1961,1987]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 12.</emphasis>
Head, frontal view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB29144FDDD46F3FF33F822" bold="true" box="[529,582,1961,1987]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A–B</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB29144FD9B46F3FEEFF822" authority="Claridge" authorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[599,922,1961,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ganota" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB29144FD9B46F3FE5EF822" box="[599,811,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Chauvinia ganota</emphasis>
Claridge
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFB29144FC6F46F0FE8AF825" box="[931,1023,1962,1988]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB29144FBCB46F3F96EF822" bold="true" box="[1031,1051,1961,1987]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A</emphasis>
. ♀, holotype (EMUS).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB29144FAF946F3F83CF822" bold="true" box="[1333,1353,1961,1987]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">B</emphasis>
. ♂, paratype (EMUS). –
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB29144FE634696FC9DF807" bold="true" box="[431,488,1996,2022]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C–D</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB29144FE3B4696F978F806" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" box="[503,1037,1996,2023]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB29144FE3B4696FFBBF807" box="[503,718,1996,2022]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Chauvinia nyanga</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB29144FD184697F978F806" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[724,1037,1997,2023]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB29144FBD44696F958F807" bold="true" box="[1048,1069,1996,2022]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C</emphasis>
. ♀ (EMUS).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB29144FB074697F995F806" bold="true" box="[1227,1248,1997,2023]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">D</emphasis>
. ♂ (EMUS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB59143FF714053F9F7FEA6" blockId="28.[189,1399,265,327]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFB59143FF714053FD83FEC0" baselines="284,284" box="[189,246,265,291]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Legs" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">LEGS</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB59143FEC44053FC04FEC2" box="[264,369,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1859,1885]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-231@25.[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 10. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMUS). A. Labels. B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891619/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
). All coxae finely, densely punctate; hind coxa without tooth-like projection or carina. Hind femur about 3.1–3.2 × as long as medially high. Tarsal claws without pecten.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB59143FF714034F86BFE4A" blockId="28.[187,1399,366,427]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFB59143FF714034FC7CFE67" baselines="385,385" box="[189,265,366,392]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wings" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">WINGS</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB59143FED44034FC0BFE69" box="[280,382,366,392]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1859,1885]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-231@25.[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 10. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMUS). A. Labels. B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891619/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
). Fore wing with
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB59143FD8B4034FFFEFE69" box="[583,651,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">3rs-m</emphasis>
present, areolet pentagonal;
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB59143FC1B4034F96CFE69" box="[983,1049,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">1cu-a</emphasis>
opposite
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB59143FB444034F9A2FE69" box="[1160,1239,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">M&amp;RS</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB59143FB2A4034F87AFE69" box="[1254,1295,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CU</emphasis>
between
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB59143FF7740CBFC41FE4A" box="[187,308,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">1m-cu&amp;M</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB59143FEA340CBFCC4FE4A" box="[367,433,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">2cu-a</emphasis>
about 2.7 × as long as
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB59143FD7040CBFF8AFE4A" box="[700,767,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">2cu-a</emphasis>
. Hind wing with distal abscissa of
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB59143FB5740CBF9B1FE4A" box="[1179,1220,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CU</emphasis>
absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB59143FF714089F9F6FDEE" blockId="28.[189,1398,465,528]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFB59143FF714089FC4CFE0A" baselines="486,486" box="[189,313,467,493]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Metasoma" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">METASOMA</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB59143FE824088FCCBFE0D" box="[334,446,466,493]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1859,1885]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-231@25.[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 10. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMUS). A. Labels. B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891619/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
). Tergites smooth and impuctate; gastrocoeli and thyridia obsolete; 2
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FAC3408BF855FE3E" attach="left" box="[1295,1312,465,479]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">nd</superScript>
tergite approximately 3× as long as apically wide; ovipositor straight, slightly projecting.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB59143FF71436DFF09FBDF" blockId="28.[188,1401,567,1086]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFB59143FF71436DFC33FDAE" baselines="586,586" box="[189,326,567,593]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Coloration" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">COLORATION</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB59143FE95436DFCB2FDB0" box="[345,455,567,593]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1859,1885]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-231@25.[189,1399,1036,1815]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 10. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (EMUS). A. Labels. B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891619/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 10B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB59143FE1A436DFF7DFDB0" box="[470,520,567,593]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,727,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-203@27.[189,1399,727,1923]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 12. Head, frontal view. A–B. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov. A. ♀, holotype (EMUS). B. ♂, paratype (EMUS). – C–D. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013. C. ♀ (EMUS). D. ♂ (EMUS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891627/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">12A</figureCitation>
). Head with face, clypeus, mandibles (except for black mandibular apex) pale yellow; inner eye orbit and postero-dorsal section of eye orbit yellow; remainder of head light brownish-orange ventrally and brownish-orange dorsally. Antenna with scape brownish-yellow ventrally, becoming dark orange-brown dorsally; pedicel brown; flagellum dark brown, becoming darker apically, except for 9
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FDD94399FF57FD30" attach="left" box="[533,546,707,721]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">th</superScript>
to 11
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FDA04399FF0CFD30" attach="left" box="[620,633,707,721]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">th</superScript>
flagellomeres yellowish-white medio-dorsally. Mesosoma with pronotum light brownish-orange except for posterior 0.7 of dorsal margin yellowish-white; prosternum brownish-yellow; mesonotum brown medially and dark brown laterally and medially at anterior margin; scutellum orange-brown; mesopleuron light brownish-orange except for longitudinal yellowish-white area immediately dorsal to sternaulus; propodeum brownish-orange except for anteriorly dark brownish. Fore and mid legs with coxae, trochanters and trochantelli yellowish-white; femora light brownish-orange; tibiae light brownish-orange ventrally and dark orange-brown dorsally; tarsi dark orange-brown except for 4
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FE8B42E3FC21FC26" attach="none" box="[327,340,953,967]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">th</superScript>
–5
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FEBE42E3FC0AFC26" attach="left" box="[370,383,953,967]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">th</superScript>
tarsomeres dark brown. Hind leg with coxa light brownish-orange ventrally and brown dorsally; tarsus dark brown except for 1
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FD6C4287FFDEFC0A" attach="none" box="[672,683,989,1003]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">st</superScript>
–3
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FD054287FFA2FC0A" attach="left" box="[713,727,989,1003]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">rd</superScript>
tarsomeres orange-brown basally. Metasoma brownish-orange with anterior and posterior areas of 1
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FD08455AFFBAFBEF" attach="none" box="[708,719,1024,1038]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">st</superScript>
–4
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FD21455AFF8FFBEF" attach="left" box="[749,762,1024,1038]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">th</superScript>
tergites lighter and 6
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FC3E455AFE8AFBEF" attach="none" box="[1010,1023,1024,1038]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">th</superScript>
–7
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FBD1455AF95FFBEF" attach="left" box="[1053,1066,1024,1038]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">th</superScript>
tergites dark orange-brown; ovipositor sheath dark reddish-brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB59143FF71453CF873FB24" blockId="28.[189,1399,1125,1222]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFB59143FF71453CFC46FB9F" baselines="1145,1145" box="[189,307,1126,1152]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Variation" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">VARIATION</smallCapsWord>
(based on the
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB59143FE11453FFF04FB61" box="[477,625,1125,1152]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">24 paratypes</specimenCount>
). Posterior transverse carina between median longitudinal carinae varying from obsolete (
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB59143FE0345D2FF04FB42" box="[463,625,1160,1187]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">20 specimens</specimenCount>
) to subobsolete (
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB59143FCF745D2FEB5FB42" box="[827,960,1160,1187]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
) such that area superomedia partially distinct; incomplete white banding on flagellum ranging from 8
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FC6A45F1FEC6FB58" attach="none" box="[934,947,1195,1209]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">th</superScript>
/9
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to 10
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FBD645F1F952FB58" attach="right" box="[1050,1063,1195,1209]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">th</superScript>
/11
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB59143FB8045F1F92CFB58" attach="left" box="[1100,1113,1195,1209]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">th</superScript>
flagellomeres.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D56606FFB59143FF7146F3FFBDF806" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891629" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891629/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[189,232,1961,1987]" targetBox="[189,1399,1370,1924]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB59143FF7146F3FFBDF806" blockId="28.[189,1398,1961,2023]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB59143FF7146F3FC62F822" bold="true" box="[189,279,1961,1987]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
Habitus, lateral view, ♂.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB59143FDF546F3FF3BF822" bold="true" box="[569,590,1961,1987]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB59143FD9746F3FEE1F822" authority="Claridge" authorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[603,916,1961,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ganota" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB59143FD9746F3FE5EF822" box="[603,811,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Chauvinia ganota</emphasis>
Claridge
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFB59143FC5546F0FE81F825" box="[921,1012,1962,1988]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (EMUS).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB59143FB1646F0F99BF825" bold="true" box="[1242,1262,1962,1988]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB59143FB3046F3FF20F806" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB59143FB3046F3FC66F807" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Chauvinia nyanga</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB59143FED74697FF20F806" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[283,597,1997,2023]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(EMUS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E0D56606FFB49142FF714694F851F809" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891633" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891633" box="[189,1316,1998,2025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891633/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[189,232,1998,2024]" targetBox="[189,1399,265,1964]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB49142FF714694F851F809" blockId="29.[189,1316,1998,2025]" box="[189,1316,1998,2025]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB49142FF714694FC6CF809" bold="true" box="[189,281,1998,2024]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 14.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB49142FE194694FE60F809" authority="Claridge" authorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[469,789,1998,2024]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ganota" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB49142FE194694FFDDF809" box="[469,680,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Chauvinia ganota</emphasis>
Claridge
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFB49142FCD04695FE02F808" box="[796,887,1999,2025]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB49142FCB14694FEE7F809" bold="true" box="[893,914,1998,2024]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
. Type locality.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB49142FB8B4694F92EF809" bold="true" box="[1095,1115,1998,2024]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">B</emphasis>
. Country record.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB79141FF264053FC9AFEC2" blockId="30.[187,1401,265,1024]" box="[234,495,265,291]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FF264053FC5FFEC2" bold="true" box="[234,298,265,291]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB79141FEF54053FCDCFEC2" box="[313,425,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,727,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-203@27.[189,1399,727,1923]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 12. Head, frontal view. A–B. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov. A. ♀, holotype (EMUS). B. ♂, paratype (EMUS). – C–D. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013. C. ♀ (EMUS). D. ♂ (EMUS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891627/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 12B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB79141FE784053FC93FEC2" box="[436,486,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1370,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-380@28.[189,1399,1370,1924]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 13. Habitus, lateral view, ♂. A. Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov., paratype (EMUS). B. Chauvinia nyanga Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013 (EMUS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891629/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">13B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB79141FF714074F802FC1E" blockId="30.[187,1401,265,1024]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
As in female, except for: head transverse, slightly wider than high; face finely, sparsely punctate; 2
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB79141FAF74077F839FEDA" attach="none" box="[1339,1356,301,315]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">nd</superScript>
–7
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB79141FAA54077F803FEDA" attach="left" box="[1385,1398,301,315]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">th</superScript>
tergites densely, finely punctate with punctae becoming progressively finer and sparser at posterior tergites; metasoma shorter than in female. Coloration: head with face, clypeus, mandibles (except for black mandibular apex), ventral 0.3 of gena, inner eye orbits, postero-dorsal section of eye orbit yellowish-white, remainder of head varying from brown to black. Antenna with scape yellowish-white ventrally and remainder dark brown; scape and flagellum dark brown. Mesosoma with pronotum varying from brown to dark brown except for entirety of ventral margin and 0.7–0.8 of dorsal margin yellowish-white; prosternum yellowish-white; mesonotum varying from entirely black to black with irregular brown submedial longitudinal areas; scutellum predominantly yellowish-white with variable light to dark brown area medially; mesopleuron with large yellowish-white area approximately spanning area ventral to speculum and dorsal to sternaulus except for small light to dark brown area at anterior margin along sternaulus, remainder varying from brownish-orange to dark brown, propodeum usually entirely dark brown to black, occasionally lighter and with small yellowish to yellowish-white mark immediately lateral to propodeal apophyses. Fore and mid legs with coxae, trochanters and trochantelli yellowish-white; tarsi light yellowish-brown except for 5
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB79141FD114274FF9FFCDD" attach="left" box="[733,746,814,828]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">th</superScript>
tarsomere dark brown. Hind leg with coxa having large yellowish to dark brown spot on basal and ventral area, remainder yellowish-white; trochanter dark brown except yellowish-white apex; trochantellus yellowish-white; femur brown to dark brown except for basal 0.2 light brownish dorsally; tibia brown to dark brown dorsally and brown ventrally except for basal 0.2 dark brown to black; tarsus dark brown except 1
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB79141FCA4429AFE06FC2F" attach="left" box="[872,883,960,974]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">st</superScript>
tarsomere lighter ventrally. Metasoma with 1
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB79141FF0042BFFDA2FC12" attach="left" box="[204,215,997,1011]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">st</superScript>
tergite dark brown; 2
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB79141FE0342BFFC95FC12" attach="none" box="[463,480,997,1011]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">nd</superScript>
–7
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB79141FE3142BFFF7FFC12" attach="left" box="[509,522,997,1011]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">th</superScript>
tergites brown to dark brown with extreme apical margins yellowish-white.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB79141FF714572FC4CFB93" box="[189,313,1064,1138]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB79141FF714572FD8DFBA3" blockId="30.[189,248,1064,1090]" box="[189,248,1064,1090]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFB79141FF714572FD8DFBA3" bold="true" box="[189,248,1064,1090]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FF714572FD8DFBA3" bold="true" box="[189,248,1064,1090]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Host</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB79141FF714502FC4CFB93" blockId="30.[189,313,1112,1138]" box="[189,313,1112,1138]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB79141FF7145C1FCC2FB04" box="[189,439,1179,1254]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB79141FF7145C1FC23FB54" blockId="30.[189,342,1179,1205]" box="[189,342,1179,1205]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFB79141FF7145C1FC23FB54" bold="true" box="[189,342,1179,1205]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FF7145C1FC23FB54" bold="true" box="[189,342,1179,1205]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB79141FF714596FCC2FB04" blockId="30.[189,439,1227,1254]" box="[189,439,1227,1254]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFB79141FF714596FC7FFB07" box="[189,266,1228,1254]" name="Kenya" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB79141FED64591FCDFFB04" box="[282,426,1227,1253]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1998,2024]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1964]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 14. Distribution of Chauvinia ganota Claridge sp. nov. A. Type locality. B. Country record." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891633" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891633/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 14A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

252
data/3C/03/87/3C038798FFB19147FDB240BAFC90F809.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
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<mods:title id="ED7852F00675C68B6D8DBEFFCFA16B97">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C99F3F0B5CF10CF3A209DF2F6C137F45">Pos, Davide Dal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="60CB8A50AEFDDBAEB07D07A74B1C3A8E">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="810691ACAA3D2FB89E32C0BA17A004DB">Claridge, Brandon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="74EF5AFFCA91FEA7C688597166C855F8" type="email">brandonclaridge1@gmail.com;brandon.claridge@usu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A29E30BC0629421E3F74B619E11367F9">Diller, Erich</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D610112596573B33301571455826332A">Noort, Simon Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="86543E28F6E90C207B067482D20CC519">Giovanni, Filippo Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:titleInfo id="69D41D95BB62D34BB100B4A8B2B8C29F">
<mods:title id="F039A3FDDE0C8178EA88C519E2D6733D">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="B7B8746A266A361124071ECDDC4DC689">
<mods:date id="EDFE3F861E25E046ECFBA4C97422AFE8">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="27A59C252E6B1A8FC5ED4F106EE9614E">2023-04-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DE8A78EAB2A1032DC6F1E8CF6084760E">868</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="ADF79A68BC7DE3180A951AABAAC39061">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BB22DB4E278DA931799E757F16CE0538" type="CLB-Dataset">53562</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D5B4A1F97437FE33B868BB2F971E2633" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2023.868.2105</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="027FE6409FB626ADCC434C698730D556" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0B465B3EAA63F366A06250F68D0B039E" type="Zenodo-Dep">7891587</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3C038798FFB19147FDB240BAFC90F809" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891617" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209581574" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891617" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FFB19147FDB240BAFC90F809" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C038798FFB19147FDB240BAFC90F809" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB19147FDB240BAFEC0FE1A" box="[638,949,480,507]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB19147FDB240BAFEC0FE1A" blockId="24.[638,949,480,507]" box="[638,949,480,507]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFB19147FDB240BAFEC0FE1A" box="[638,949,480,507]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FDB240BAFEC0FE1A" ID-CoL="3MFW" ID-ENA="2079933" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[638,949,480,507]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FDB240BAFF88FE1A" bold="true" box="[638,765,480,507]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Chauvinia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB19147FCC940BBFEC0FE1A" author="Heinrich G." box="[773,949,481,507]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB19147FF71437EFC0CFD4F" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB19147FF71437EFC0CFD82" blockId="24.[189,1398,548,686]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FFB19147FF71437EFC0CFD82" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFB19147FF71437EFF35FDDF" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,576,548,574]" page="123" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FF71437EFF35FDDF" ID-CoL="3MFW" authority="Heinrich, 1938: 123" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityPageNumber="123" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,576,548,574]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FF71437EFC42FDDF" box="[189,311,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Chauvinia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB19147FE89437EFF35FDDF" author="Heinrich G." box="[325,576,548,574]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938: 123</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB19147FD9E437FFFF9FDDE" box="[594,652,549,575]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FD30437EF9A8FDDF" ID-CoL="5XQ42" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[764,1245,548,574]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelecinoides">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FD30437EF962FDDF" box="[764,1047,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Chauvinia pelecinoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB19147FBE9437EF9A8FDDF" author="Heinrich G." box="[1061,1245,548,574]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB19147FF714334FC0CFD4F" blockId="24.[189,1398,548,686]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FFB19147FF714334FC0CFD4F" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFB19147FF714334FF16FD68" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,611,622,649]" page="125" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FF714334FF16FD68" ID-CoL="3MFZ" authority="Heinrich, 1938: 125" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityPageNumber="125" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,611,622,649]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauviniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FF714334FC20FD69" box="[189,341,622,648]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Chauviniella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB19147FEA84334FF16FD68" author="Heinrich G." box="[356,611,622,649]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938: 125</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB19147FDBA4335FFC5FD68" box="[630,688,623,649]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FCE84334F9AFFD68" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[804,1242,622,649]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauviniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FCE84334F97AFD69" box="[804,1039,622,648]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Chauviniella nitida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB19147FBD34334F9AFFD68" author="Heinrich G." box="[1055,1242,622,649]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB19147FF71438DF922FAC8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB19147FF71438DFC43FD10" blockId="24.[189,310,727,753]" box="[189,310,727,753]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFB19147FF71438DFC43FD10" bold="true" box="[189,310,727,753]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FF71438DFC43FD10" bold="true" box="[189,310,727,753]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB19147FF71425DF922FAC8" blockId="24.[188,1399,775,1322]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FF71425DFC42FCC0" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,311,775,801]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FF71425DFC42FCC0" box="[189,311,775,801]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Chauvinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can easily be distinguished from the other Afrotropical
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FC0B425DF92DFCC0" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[967,1112,775,801]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Phaeogenini">Phaeogenini</taxonomicName>
genera by the following combination of characters: (1) bidentate mandibles (unidentate in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FC774277F97DFCA7" authorityName="Tosquinet" authorityYear="1903" box="[955,1032,813,838]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lusius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FC774277F97DFCA7" box="[955,1032,813,838]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Lusius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FBF34276F9AFFCA7" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1859" box="[1087,1242,812,838]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Heterischnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FBF34276F9AFFCA7" box="[1087,1242,812,838]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Heterischnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (2) thyridia and gastrocoeli indistinct (clearly present in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FD064208FE39FC8D" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[714,844,850,876]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Aethecerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FD064208FE39FC8D" box="[714,844,850,876]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Aethecerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FC974208F934FC8D" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[859,1089,850,876]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FC974208F934FC8D" box="[859,1089,850,876]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Centeterichneumon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FB9C4208F9A6FC8D" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[1104,1235,850,876]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Diadromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FB9C4208F9A6FC8D" box="[1104,1235,850,876]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Diadromus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FB2E4208F848FC8D" authorityName="Rousse, van Noort &amp; Diller" authorityYear="2013" box="[1250,1341,850,876]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Kibalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FB2E4208F848FC8D" box="[1250,1341,850,876]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Kibalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FF71422DFC53FC70" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[189,294,887,913]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tycherus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FF71422DFC53FC70" box="[189,294,887,913]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tycherus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (3) propodeal apophyses absent (present in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FC80422DF96BFC70" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[844,1054,887,913]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplophaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FC80422DF96BFC70" box="[844,1054,887,913]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Hoplophaeogenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (4) notauli indistinct (deep in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FF1242C6FC4DFC57" authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1952" box="[222,312,924,950]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Arearia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FF1242C6FC4DFC57" box="[222,312,924,950]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Arearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (5) propodeum smooth, with area superomedia not separated from area basalis and area petiolaris, forming a single mid-longitudinal area (area superomedia clearly distinct in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FB7E429BF844FC3A" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[1202,1329,961,987]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Dicaelotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FB7E429BF844FC3A" box="[1202,1329,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Dicaelotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The genus can further be distinguished by: clypeus strongly transverse, its ventral margin sharp and more or less regularly rounded; flagellum of female enlarged from middle; temples moderately swollen behind eyes; occipital and hypostomal carinae joining above mandibular base; epomia present, moderately marked; notauli indistinct; propodeum elongate, in profile slightly and regularly rounded to uniformly sloping backwards in a single plane; posterior transverse carina interrupted in front of mid coxae; fore wing with areolet pentagonal, closed; hind wing with distal abscissa of
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FC3045FAF950FB5B" box="[1020,1061,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">CU</emphasis>
present, unpigmented; tarsal claws simple; metasoma of female elongate to strongly elongate, ventral margins of apical tergites overlapping, hiding sternites; metasoma of male not so unusually modified; ovipositor sheath wide, barely extending beyond metasomal apex (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB19147FD7F4455FE14FAC8" author="Heinrich G." box="[691,865,1295,1321]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich 1938</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB19147FCA1444AF93EFAC8" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[877,1099,1295,1322]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FC05444AF971FAC8" box="[969,1028,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB19147FF714409FC90F809" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB19147FF714409FC5AFA8C" blockId="24.[189,303,1363,1389]" box="[189,303,1363,1389]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFB19147FF714409FC5AFA8C" bold="true" box="[189,303,1363,1389]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FF714409FC5AFA8C" bold="true" box="[189,303,1363,1389]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB19147FF7144D9FF0FFA06" blockId="24.[189,1399,1411,1512]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
The genus
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FE8944D9FCCAFA7C" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[325,447,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FE8944D9FCCAFA7C" box="[325,447,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Chauvinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs only in the Afrotropical region with 4 species, one of which is newly described here:
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FEB544F3FF2FFA23" authority="Claridge" authorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[377,602,1448,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ganota" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FEB544F3FC98FA23" box="[377,493,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">C. ganota</emphasis>
Claridge
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFB19147FDAE44F3FFCAFA22" box="[610,703,1449,1475]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FD0144F3FE9AFA23" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[717,1007,1448,1475]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Delesseriaceae" genus="Chauviniella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FD0144F3FE46FA23" box="[717,819,1448,1475]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">C. nitida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB19147FCF044F2FE9AFA23" author="Heinrich G." box="[828,1007,1448,1474]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FC3044F3FD8EFA06" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyanga">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FC3044F3F900FA23" box="[1020,1141,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">C. nyanga</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB19147FBB144F3FD8EFA06" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FECA4494FF03FA06" authority="Heinrich, 1938" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[262,630,1485,1512]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelecinoides">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FECA4494FCC9FA06" box="[262,444,1485,1512]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">C. pelecinoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB19147FE0E4497FF03FA06" author="Heinrich G." box="[450,630,1485,1511]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB19147FF71474BFC90F809" blockId="24.[189,1400,1553,2025]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB19147FF71474BFCFDF9CA" author="Claridge B." box="[189,392,1553,1579]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="223 - 241" refId="ref20793" refString="Claridge B. 2021 a. Revision of the genus Jethsura Cameron, 1902 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae: Phaeogenini). Zootaxa 5071 (2): 223 - 241. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5071.2.3" type="journal article" year="2021">Claridge (2021a)</bibRefCitation>
, commenting on the biology of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FCC8474BF95DF9CA" authority="Cameron, 1902" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1902" box="[772,1064,1553,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Jethsura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FCC8474BFE1CF9CA" box="[772,873,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Jethsura</emphasis>
Cameron, 1902
</taxonomicName>
, noticed that the needle-like terebra is similar to that of other amblypygous species and is enclosed within the 7
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFB19147FB45476FF9E3F9A2" attach="left" box="[1161,1174,1589,1603]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">th</superScript>
metasomal tergite. These observations led the author to suggest that its morphology could potentially be indicative of a larva oviposition behaviour. This could also be the case for
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FC5E47DAF961F97B" box="[914,1044,1664,1690]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FC5E47DAF97AF97B" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[914,1039,1664,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chauvinia</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
since it has a similar sclerite organization, but a better understanding of the entire ovipositor morphology and its functionality are required to fully associate a certain structure to a given host association. In fact, in many Atrophini (
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FF0947B5FC0AF8E8" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[197,383,1775,1801]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ichneumonidae</taxonomicName>
, Banchinae) the enlarged hypopygium is associated with big muscles that run from the first or second valvifers to the lateral part of the abdominal sternum (DDP, personal obs.), suggesting a potentially higher maneuverability of the terebra associated with the
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB19147FBCC4660F946F8B5" box="[1024,1075,1850,1876]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
of substrate, while in other groups (e.g., Platygastroidea), the mechanism can be even more complex, involving a telescoping conjunctiva (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB19147FE9546DEFF27F87F" author="Talamas E. J. &amp; Miko I. &amp; Johnston-Jordan D." box="[345,594,1924,1950]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="263 - 276" refId="ref22991" refString="Talamas E. J., Miko I. &amp; Johnston-Jordan D. 2017. Convergence in the ovipositor system of platygastroid wasps (Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 56: 263 - 276. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / jhr. 56.12300" type="journal article" year="2017">
Talamas
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FE0446DFFF72F87F" box="[456,519,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
). Because for the majority of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB19147FC0A46DEF90EF87F" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[966,1147,1924,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ichneumonidae</taxonomicName>
with a short terebra the ovipositor morphology is almost completely unstudied, any conclusion at this stage can only be considered a speculation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

310
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<mods:affiliation id="207774CECD63E574564F226C430964B3">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FD82447EFE6FFADE" bold="true" box="[590,794,1316,1343]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Chauvinia nitida</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB79141FCE6447FFEA8FADE" author="Heinrich G." box="[810,989,1317,1343]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="B415368EFFB79141FD144413FE29FA85" blockId="30.[590,997,1316,1380]" box="[728,860,1353,1380]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB79141FD144413FE29FA85" box="[728,860,1353,1380]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="31.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionStartId-1="32.[189,232,1960,1986]" captionTargetBox-0="[192,1394,265,1942]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1384,1062,1917]" captionTargetId-0="figure-23@31.[192,1394,265,1942]" captionTargetId-1="figure-161@32.[189,1399,1062,1917]" captionTargetPageId-0="31" captionTargetPageId-1="32" captionText-0="Fig. 15. Chauvinia nitida (Heinrich, 1938) (CAS). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, frontal view. C. Metasoma, dorsal view." captionText-1="Fig. 16. Distribution of Chauvinia nitida (Heinrich, 1938). A. Previous (blue dots) and new occurrence records (yellow star). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) regional records." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891637" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891641" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7891637/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7891641/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 15–16</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB79141FF7144D6FCC4F9B1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB79141FF7144D6FEA1FA46" blockId="30.[189,980,1420,1447]" box="[189,980,1420,1447]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FFB79141FF7144D6FEA1FA46" box="[189,980,1420,1447]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFB79141FF7144D6FFE6FA46" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,659,1420,1447]" page="125" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" year="1938">
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FF7144D6FCD5FA47" box="[189,416,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Chauviniella nitida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB79141FE6444D6FFE6FA46" author="Heinrich G." box="[424,659,1420,1447]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938: 125</bibRefCitation>
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(original description, key).
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BA11A0FFB79141FF714495F803F9EE" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FF714495FCF4FA08" box="[189,385,1487,1513]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Chauvinia nitida</emphasis>
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–
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFB79141FE56448AFF9EFA08" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." box="[410,747,1487,1514]" page="221" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB79141FE56448AFF9EFA08" author="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M." box="[410,747,1487,1514]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref23290" refString="Townes H. K. &amp; Townes M. 1973. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Ethiopian Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 19, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1973">Townes &amp; Townes 1973: 221</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue). —
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFB79141FC68448AF991FA08" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[932,1252,1487,1514]" page="481" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB79141FC68448AF991FA08" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[932,1252,1487,1514]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref23513" refString="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Horstmann K. 1997. A Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Part I: Subfamilies Acaenitinae to Ophioninae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 58, American Entomological Institute, Logan, Utah." type="book" year="1997">Yu &amp; Horstmann 1997: 481</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue). —
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB79141FEC044AEFCC6F9EF" author="Yu D. S. K. &amp; Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K." box="[268,435,1524,1550]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref23559" refString="Yu D. S. K., Van Achterberg C. &amp; Horstmann K. 2012. World Ichneumonidae 2011. Taxonomy, Biology, Morphology and Distribution. Database on flash-drive, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada." type="book" year="2012">
Yu
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FEF944AEFC05F9EF" box="[309,368,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
(catalogue); 2016 (catalogue). —
<treatmentCitation id="350B109FFFB79141FC8B44AEF939F9EF" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[839,1100,1524,1550]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/86C68D308C8C46E4C1AB146D9007DF6D" page="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB79141FC8B44AEF939F9EF" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[839,1100,1524,1550]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FC6F44AEFEA3F9EF" box="[931,982,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
. 2013: 21
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(diagnosis, key, images).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB79141FF71476CFCC4F9B1" blockId="30.[189,433,1590,1617]" box="[189,433,1590,1617]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFB79141FF71476CFCC4F9B1" bold="true" box="[189,433,1590,1617]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FF71476CFCC4F9B1" bold="true" box="[189,433,1590,1617]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Original type series</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFB7917FFF71473DF943FEA7" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB79141FF71473DFE16F961" blockId="30.[189,867,1638,1665]" box="[189,867,1638,1665]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB79141FF71473DFC58F960" box="[189,301,1639,1665]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB79141FEF4473DFC10F960" box="[312,357,1639,1665]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFB79141FEBF473DFCD4F960" box="[371,417,1639,1665]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
, (precise number unknown) (MZPW).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB7917FFF7147F3F943FEA7" blockId="30.[189,1399,1705,2025]" lastBlockId="32.[188,1399,265,327]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB79141FF7147F3FCC0F925" author="Heinrich G." box="[189,437,1705,1732]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich (1938: 125)</bibRefCitation>
described the species based on “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FCF947F3F937F922" box="[821,1090,1705,1731]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Nombreux exemplaires</emphasis>
[= numerous specimens]” without clearly designating one of them as the name-bearing type. Initially,
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB79141FB9F4794F802F909" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[1107,1399,1742,1768]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FB7D4795F99AF909" box="[1201,1263,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
(2013: 21)
</bibRefCitation>
correctly referred to the types as “
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB79141FD8D47A9FFDAF8EC" box="[577,687,1779,1805]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
”, without designating a
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB79141FC0847A8F946F8ED" box="[964,1075,1778,1804]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. However, the same authors refer to the specimen depicted in figs 5–6 of their work (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB79141FC96464DF9E7F8D0" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[858,1170,1815,1841]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FC744642FE81F8D0" box="[952,1012,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
2013: 22–23
</bibRefCitation>
) as the “
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB79141FB35464DF81DF8D0" box="[1273,1384,1815,1841]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
”. The employment of the term “
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB79141FDED4666FFF8F8B7" box="[545,653,1852,1878]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
” does not constitute a valid
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB79141FC174666F932F8B7" box="[987,1095,1852,1878]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designation (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB79141FB294666F806F8B7" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[1253,1395,1852,1878]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 74.5, 74.7). Moreover, one of the specimens belonging to the type series bears a red label that reads verbatim: “
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FE4946DCFCD9F87E" box="[389,428,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">aes</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB79141FE7F46DCFF40F841" box="[435,565,1926,1952]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="lectotype">Lectotypus</typeStatus>
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FDF046DFFE74F87E" box="[572,769,1925,1951]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Sawoniewicz ‘77</emphasis>
” (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB79141FCD046DFF956F87E" author="Rousse P. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Diller E." box="[796,1059,1925,1951]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref22598" refString="Rousse P., van Noort S. &amp; Diller E. 2013. Revision of the Afrotropical Phaeogenini (Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species. ZooKeys 354: 1 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 354.5968" type="journal article" year="2013">
Rousse
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB79141FCB646DCFEC1F87E" box="[890,948,1925,1951]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
2013: 23
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 6f). Unfortunately, there is no record of a published work clearly designating a
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB79141FCF046F0FEDDF825" box="[828,936,1962,1988]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
for this species, and therefore the label does not constitute a valid
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFB79141FE3E4694FF2BF809" box="[498,606,1998,2024]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designation (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB79141FD364694FEF3F809" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[762,902,1998,2024]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 74.5). A more in-depth study of the MZPW collection will be required prior to the designation of a
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF89917FFC524053F978FEC2" box="[926,1037,265,291]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
; therefore, for the moment, the type specimens should be referred to as
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFF89917FFD5E4077FF8CFEA6" box="[658,761,301,327]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF89917FFCC44076FEE0FEA7" author="ICZN &amp; London, UK" box="[776,917,300,326]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref22035" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: article 73.2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E0D56606FFB69140FF7146F0FC8DF806" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891637" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891637" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891637/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" startId="31.[189,232,1962,1988]" targetBox="[192,1394,265,1942]" targetPageId="31">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFB69140FF7146F0FC8DF806" blockId="31.[189,1399,1962,2024]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB69140FF7146F0FC6BF825" bold="true" box="[189,286,1962,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFB69140FEE546F0FE57F825" authority="(Heinrich, 1938) (CAS)" authorityName="CAS" baseAuthorityName="Heinrich" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[297,802,1962,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Chauvinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB69140FEE546F0FC86F825" box="[297,499,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Chauvinia nitida</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFB69140FDCB46F0FFCBF825" author="Heinrich G." box="[519,702,1962,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich, 1938</bibRefCitation>
) (CAS)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB69140FCFE46F0FE32F825" bold="true" box="[818,839,1962,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB69140FBAB46F0F90EF825" bold="true" box="[1127,1147,1962,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">B</emphasis>
. Head, frontal view.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB69140FF714697FDA7F806" bold="true" box="[189,210,1997,2023]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C</emphasis>
. Metasoma, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF89917FFF714034FC59FD71" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF89917FFF714034FC28FE66" blockId="32.[189,349,365,392]" box="[189,349,365,392]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF89917FFF714034FC28FE66" bold="true" box="[189,349,365,392]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF89917FFF714034FC28FE66" bold="true" box="[189,349,365,392]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type locality</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF89917FFF7140C6FFD3FE57" blockId="32.[189,678,412,439]" box="[189,678,412,439]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF89917FFF7140C6FC3AFE57" box="[189,335,412,438]" name="Madagascar" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
: Rogez and Ampandrandava.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF89917FFF714087FCDFFE16" blockId="32.[189,426,477,503]" box="[189,426,477,503]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF89917FFF714087FCDFFE16" bold="true" box="[189,426,477,503]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF89917FFF714087FCDFFE16" bold="true" box="[189,426,477,503]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF89917FFF714356FC59FD71" blockId="32.[189,1398,523,656]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF89917FFF714356FF91FD8C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112338" collectingDate="2001-04-22" collectingDateMax="2001-04-27" collectingDateMin="2001-04-22" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="M. Irwin &amp; R. Harin'Hala" country="Madagascar" determinerName="D. Dal Pos" elevation="10" latitude="-12.262777" location="Sakalava Beach" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="49.397503" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCode="ENT8437555, ENT8437556" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Antsiranana prov.">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF89917FFF714356FCFBFDC7" box="[189,398,524,550]" name="Madagascar" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF89917FFE664356FC9AFDC6" box="[426,495,524,551]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFF89917FFE324356FFA6FDC6" box="[510,723,524,551]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Antsiranana prov.</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B1756055FF89917FFD2C4356FED5FDC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FFB7917FFD82447EFE87FC56:B1756055FF89917FFD2C4356FED5FDC7" box="[736,928,524,550]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-12.262777" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="49.397503" name="Sakalava Beach" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Antsiranana prov.">Sakalava Beach</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF89917FFC624351F935FDC7" box="[942,1088,523,551]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="15" seconds="46" value="-12.262777">12°15′46″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FF89917FFB824351F996FDC6" box="[1102,1251,523,551]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="15" seconds="51" value="49.397503">49°23′51″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFF89917FFB3D4356F805FDC7" box="[1265,1392,524,551]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="10.0">
<quantity id="73529B6BFF89917FFB3D4356F85AFDC6" box="[1265,1327,524,551]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="C014104EFF89917FFF714375FCF2FDA8" box="[189,391,559,586]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2001-04-22" valueMax="2001-04-27" valueMin="2001-04-22">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FF89917FFF714375FCF2FDA8" box="[189,391,559,586]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2001-04-22" valueMax="2001-04-27" valueMin="2001-04-22">22–27 Apr. 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="195F5358FF89917FFE58436AFC8BFDA8" box="[404,510,559,586]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">M. Irwin</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="195F5358FF89917FFDF5436AFF94FDA8" box="[569,737,559,586]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">R. Harin’Hala</collectorName>
leg.; dwarf littoral forest; CASELOT: 0050135;
<determinerName id="41C9DA4AFF89917FFAEB436AFD92FD8C" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">D. Dal Pos</determinerName>
det.;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFF89917FFEFE4309FC1EFD8C" box="[306,363,595,621]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="E40C9EF5FF89917FFEBB4308FF62FD8C" box="[375,535,594,621]" collectionCode="CAS" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">ENT8437555</specimenCode>
to
<specimenCode id="E40C9EF5FF89917FFD894308FF91FD8C" box="[581,740,594,621]" collectionCode="CAS" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">ENT8437556</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FF89917FFCCA4309FC5DFD71" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112310" collectingDate="2001-04-22" collectingDateMax="2001-04-27" collectingDateMin="2001-04-22" collectionCode="DDPC" collectorName="M. Irwin &amp; R. Harin'Hala" country="Madagascar" determinerName="D. Dal Pos" elevation="10" latitude="-12.262777" location="Sakalava Beach" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="49.397503" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCode="DDPC 0000033" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF89917FFCCA4309FE4DFD8C" box="[774,824,595,621]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<specimenCode id="E40C9EF5FF89917FFAE44309FC5DFD71" collectionCode="DDPC" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">DDPC 0000033</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF89917FFF7143EDFC16FCC5" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF89917FFF7143EDFC23FD30" blockId="32.[189,342,695,721]" box="[189,342,695,721]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF89917FFF7143EDFC23FD30" bold="true" box="[189,342,695,721]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF89917FFF7143EDFC23FD30" bold="true" box="[189,342,695,721]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF89917FFF7143BCFC16FCC5" blockId="32.[189,1399,742,804]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFF89917FFF7143BCFCE7FCE1" box="[189,402,742,768]" name="Madagascar" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
: Androy and Atsinanana regions (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFF89917FFC8443BCFE8AFCE1" author="Heinrich G." box="[840,1023,742,768]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref21898" refString="Heinrich G. 1938. Les ichneumonides de Madagascar. III Ichneumonidae Ichneumoninae. Memoires de l'Academie malgache 25: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1938">Heinrich 1938</bibRefCitation>
), Diana region (
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF89917FFB1443BCF818FCE1" bold="true" box="[1240,1389,742,768]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">new record</emphasis>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF89917FFF0A4253FC23FCC5" box="[198,342,777,804]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,1960,1986]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,1062,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-161@32.[189,1399,1062,1917]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 16. Distribution of Chauvinia nitida (Heinrich, 1938). A. Previous (blue dots) and new occurrence records (yellow star). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) regional records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891641" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891641/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 16A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FF89917FFF714210FE87FC56" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B415368EFF89917FFF714210FC5AFC85" blockId="32.[189,303,842,868]" box="[189,303,842,868]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FF89917FFF714210FC5AFC85" bold="true" box="[189,303,842,868]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFF89917FFF714210FC5AFC85" bold="true" box="[189,303,842,868]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFF89917FFF714223FE87FC56" blockId="32.[189,1398,889,951]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
The
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FF89917FFF3C4223FCDFFC72" box="[240,426,889,915]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
examined here represent the first record of the species since the original description, as well as an expansion of its range to the Diana region (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFF89917FFC9942C6FE90FC56" box="[853,997,924,951]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,1960,1986]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,1062,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-161@32.[189,1399,1062,1917]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 16. Distribution of Chauvinia nitida (Heinrich, 1938). A. Previous (blue dots) and new occurrence records (yellow star). B. Previous (blue) and new (yellow) regional records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891641" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891641/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 16A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="E0FA8BE94E0743F4CADC126205C40F1C">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="72560A96B0E3B8CD481DE78E9E423EC0">Pos, Davide Dal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4778A4B7AE496E41FA4CCF389C819AC8">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8B24A59BFD786A7268233228DE95A54B">Claridge, Brandon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A4FDC00BB808A87697A0A8F8F4F12185">Diller, Erich</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBA914CFE5C4052F934FEC3" authority="Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityName="Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[400,1089,264,291]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nambi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFE5C4052FFA1FEC2" bold="true" box="[400,724,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Centeterichneumon nambi</emphasis>
Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFBA914CFB854053F9D1FEC2" box="[1097,1188,265,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFBA914CFD2B400AFE38FE8A" box="[743,845,336,363]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFD2B400AFE38FE8A" blockId="19.[367,1221,264,363]" box="[743,845,336,363]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBA914CFD2B400AFE38FE8A" box="[743,845,336,363]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" captionStartId-1="21.[188,231,1925,1951]" captionStartId-2="22.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetBox-2="[199,1386,265,1935]" captionTargetId-0="figure-38@20.[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetId-1="figure-448@21.[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetId-2="figure-0@22.[199,1386,265,1943]" captionTargetPageId-0="20" captionTargetPageId-1="21" captionTargetPageId-2="22" captionText-0="Fig. 7. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). C. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC)." captionText-1="Fig. 8. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov.A. Head, frontal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Coxa, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC); black arrow indicates the short ventral oblique carina." captionText-2="Fig. 9. Distribution of Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Type locality. B. Country record." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891613" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891615" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7891613/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7891615/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 7–9</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFF7140C8FCBCFE4D" bold="true" box="[189,457,402,428]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFF714098FF60FD1C" blockId="19.[189,1399,450,765]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBA914CFF714098FC88FE3D" authority="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni, 2023" authorityName="Pos &amp; Claridge &amp; Diller &amp; Noort &amp; Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,509,450,476]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nambi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFF714098FC88FE3D" box="[189,509,450,476]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Centeterichneumon nambi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFBA914CFDC24099FF06FE3C" box="[526,627,451,477]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can easily be distinguished from the other known species,
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBA914CFF7140BDFC01FDE1" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,372,486,513]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFF7140BDFC01FDE1" box="[189,372,486,513]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by the following combination of characters: (1) area superomedia not separated from area basalis, thus forming a single long area (separated and heart-shaped in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBA914CFBF64351F984FDC5" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1082,1265,522,549]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFBF64351F984FDC5" box="[1082,1265,522,549]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBA914CFAC74350F812FDC4" box="[1291,1383,522,549]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-38@20.[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). C. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
); (2) mesoscutum flat in lateral view (convex in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBA914CFCCE4375FEC9FDA9" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[770,956,558,585]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFCCE4375FEC9FDA9" box="[770,956,558,585]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBA914CFC164374F916FDA9" box="[986,1123,558,584]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-38@20.[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). C. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 7A, C</figureCitation>
); (3) clypeus and face pale yellow, frons orange-brown (clypeus, face and frons pale white in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBA914CFBE14309F992FD8D" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1069,1255,594,621]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFBE14309F992FD8D" box="[1069,1255,594,621]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBA914CFACA4308F81DFD8D" box="[1286,1384,594,620]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[188,231,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-448@21.[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 8. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov.A. Head, frontal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Coxa, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC); black arrow indicates the short ventral oblique carina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891613/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
); (4) metasoma entirely orange except for the 7
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBA914CFD27432CFF8DFD65" attach="left" box="[747,760,630,644]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">th</superScript>
tergite, which is dorsally brown with a white apical margin (mostly black with white posterior bands on apical tergites in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBA914CFBE543C1F990FD55" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[1065,1253,666,693]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFBE543C1F990FD55" box="[1065,1253,666,693]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBA914CFAC843C0F81CFD55" box="[1284,1385,666,692]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-38@20.[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). C. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
); (5) 2
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBA914CFF3A43E4FC72FD2D" attach="left" box="[246,263,702,716]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">nd</superScript>
and 3
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBA914CFE9D43E4FC2AFD2D" attach="left" box="[337,351,702,716]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">rd</superScript>
metasomal tergites densely but superficially punctate (shagreen with sparse punctuation in
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBA914CFF1743B9FCE4FD1D" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1938" box="[219,401,738,765]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticoxatus">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFF1743B9FCE4FD1D" box="[219,401,738,765]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. denticoxatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBA914CFE6743B8FF7DFD1C" box="[427,520,738,765]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-38@20.[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). C. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFBA914CFF71427FF901FC73" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFF71427FFC31FCDE" blockId="19.[189,324,805,831]" box="[189,324,805,831]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFBA914CFF71427FFC31FCDE" bold="true" box="[189,324,805,831]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFF71427FFC31FCDE" bold="true" box="[189,324,805,831]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFF71420EF901FC73" blockId="19.[189,1398,852,914]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Named after the goddess Nambi, daughter of the sky god
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFFBA914CFC4C420EFECBFC8F" box="[896,958,852,878]" country="Uganda" name="Gulu" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Gulu</collectingRegion>
; she married Kintu, the first king of
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFBA914CFF714222FC6DFC73" box="[189,280,888,914]" name="Uganda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Uganda</collectingCountry>
in the Baganda mythology (
<bibRefCitation id="D03B4B7FFFBA914CFDA94222FE0DFC73" author="Lynch P. A. &amp; Roberts J." box="[613,888,888,914]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref22175" refString="Lynch P. A. &amp; Roberts J. 2010. African Mythology A to Z. 2 nd Edition. Chelasea House Publishers, New York." type="book" year="2010">Lynch &amp; Roberts 2010</bibRefCitation>
). Noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFBA914CFF7142E0FCE8FAF8" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFF7142E0FC19FC35" blockId="19.[189,364,954,980]" box="[189,364,954,980]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFBA914CFF7142E0FC19FC35" bold="true" box="[189,364,954,980]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFF7142E0FC19FC35" bold="true" box="[189,364,954,980]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFF2642B0FC29FBE5" blockId="19.[189,1399,1002,1100]" box="[234,348,1002,1028]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFF2642B0FC29FBE5" bold="true" box="[234,348,1002,1028]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFBA914CFF2642B0FC29FBE5" box="[234,348,1002,1028]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFF714554F983FBAD" blockId="19.[189,1399,1002,1100]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFBA914CFF714554F983FBAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112342" collectingDate="2010-03-28" collectingDateMax="2010-04-04" collectingDateMin="2010-03-28" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="ZSM" collectorName="S. Katusabe &amp; Co. Leg." country="Uganda" elevation="1509" latitude="0.5651111" location="Kanyawara Bio. Station" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.358278" municipality="White" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kibale" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFBA914CFF714554FC49FBC9" box="[189,316,1038,1064]" name="Uganda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">UGANDA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFBA914CFE9B4554FC1BFBC9" box="[343,366,1038,1064]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
; “[
<collectingMunicipality id="5471ACF4FFBA914CFE5C4557FCA8FBC6" box="[400,477,1037,1063]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">White</collectingMunicipality>
label] UGANDA –
<collectingRegion id="766EF86CFFBA914CFD1D4557FE6AFBC6" box="[721,799,1037,1063]" country="Uganda" name="Kibale" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Kibale</collectingRegion>
N. P. /
<location id="B1756055FFBA914CFCB14554F9EFFBC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C038798FFBA9148FE5C4052FCC2FC94:B1756055FFBA914CFCB14554F9EFFBC6" box="[893,1178,1037,1064]" country="Uganda" latitude="0.5651111" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.358278" municipality="White" name="Kanyawara Bio. Station" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Kibale">Kanyawara Bio. Station</location>
/
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FFBA914CFB794557F82AFBC9" box="[1205,1375,1037,1064]" degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="1" seconds="54,4" value="0.5651111">00°33’54,4’’N</geoCoordinate>
–
<geoCoordinate id="D19E5049FFBA914CFF714568FC16FBAD" box="[189,355,1074,1100]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="1" seconds="29,8" value="30.358278">30°21’29,8’’E</geoCoordinate>
/
<date id="C014104EFFBA914CFEB74568FF3CFBAD" box="[379,585,1074,1100]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2010-03-28" valueMax="2010-04-04" valueMin="2010-03-28">
<collectingDate id="D050E9A6FFBA914CFEB74568FF3CFBAD" box="[379,585,1074,1100]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2010-03-28" valueMax="2010-04-04" valueMin="2010-03-28">28.III-04.IV.2010</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<quantity id="73529B6BFFBA914CFD93456BFFCDFBAD" box="[607,696,1073,1100]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.509" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="1509.0">
<elevation id="3F87D1BDFFBA914CFD93456BFFCDFBAD" box="[607,696,1073,1100]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.509" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="1509.0">1509 m</elevation>
</quantity>
–
<collectingMethod id="6DEB4E99FFBA914CFD19456BFE12FBAD" box="[725,871,1073,1100]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
/
<collectorName id="195F5358FFBA914CFCB24568F97FFBAA" box="[894,1034,1073,1100]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S. Katusabe</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="195F5358FFBA914CFBE34568F9EFFBAD" box="[1071,1178,1074,1100]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Co. Leg.</collectorName>
”;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFBA914CFB7E4568F987FBAD" box="[1202,1266,1074,1100]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFF71452EF85AFB6F" blockId="19.[189,1327,1140,1167]" box="[189,1327,1140,1167]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Female, in very good condition, missing only the 2–5 tarsomeres and claws on the right hind leg.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFF2645ECFC29FB31" blockId="19.[189,1398,1206,1305]" box="[234,348,1206,1232]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFF2645ECFC29FB31" bold="true" box="[234,348,1206,1232]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFBA914CFF2645ECFC29FB31" box="[234,348,1206,1232]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFF714580FCE8FAF8" blockId="19.[189,1398,1206,1305]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFBA914CFF714580F979FB15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112302" box="[189,1036,1242,1269]" collectingDate="2010-03-28" collectingDateMax="2010-04-04" collectingDateMin="2010-03-28" collectionCode="DDPC" collectorName="S. Katusabe &amp; Co. Leg." country="Uganda" elevation="1509" latitude="0.5651111" location="UGANDA" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.358278" municipality="White" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="DDPC 0000034" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kibale" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFBA914CFF714580FC49FB15" box="[189,316,1242,1268]" name="Uganda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">UGANDA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFBA914CFE994580FCF6FB14" box="[341,387,1242,1269]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFBA914CFD144580FE37FB15" box="[728,834,1242,1268]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<specimenCode id="E40C9EF5FFBA914CFC834580F979FB15" box="[847,1036,1242,1268]" collectionCode="DDPC" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">DDPC 0000034</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="04C23CD3FFBA914CFBEB4580FCECFAF8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4100112303" collectingDate="2010-03-28" collectingDateMax="2010-04-04" collectingDateMin="2010-03-28" collectionCode="TUZ" collectorName="S. Katusabe &amp; Co. Leg." country="Uganda" elevation="1509" latitude="0.5651111" location="Kanyawara Bio. Station" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.358278" municipality="White" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kibale" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFBA914CFBEB4580F920FB14" box="[1063,1109,1242,1269]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFBA914CFF2B45A4FC24FAF9" box="[231,337,1278,1304]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BBAE4BFFBA914CFE9045A5FCECFAF8" box="[348,409,1279,1305]" collectionName="Estonia, Tartu, University of Tartu, Natural History Museum" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">TUZ</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFBA9148FF71441AFC4CFD76" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFF71441AFC3BFABB" blockId="19.[189,334,1344,1370]" box="[189,334,1344,1370]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFBA914CFF71441AFC3BFABB" bold="true" box="[189,334,1344,1370]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFF71441AFC3BFABB" bold="true" box="[189,334,1344,1370]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFF26442AFCB2FA6A" blockId="19.[189,951,1392,1455]" box="[234,455,1392,1419]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBA914CFF26442AFC30FA6B" bold="true" box="[234,325,1392,1418]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Female</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFBA914CFE99442AFCCAFA6A" box="[341,447,1392,1419]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFF7144CEFEC2FA4F" blockId="19.[189,951,1392,1455]" box="[189,951,1428,1455]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFBA914CFF7144CEFC19FA4D" baselines="1447,1447" box="[189,364,1428,1454]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
. Body length:
<quantity id="73529B6BFFBA914CFDD744CEFF0DFA4F" box="[539,632,1428,1454]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="8.1">8.1 mm</quantity>
; fore wing length:
<quantity id="73529B6BFFBA914CFC9944CEFEC7FA4F" box="[853,946,1428,1455]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="5.4">5.4 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBA914CFF71448DFC9CF809" blockId="19.[187,1399,1494,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFBA914CFF71448DFD89FA0E" baselines="1514,1514" box="[189,252,1495,1521]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Head" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">HEAD</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBA914CFEDE448CFC01FA11" box="[274,372,1494,1520]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-38@20.[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). C. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 7C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBA914CFE48448CFCDDFA11" box="[388,424,1494,1520]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[188,231,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-448@21.[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 8. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov.A. Head, frontal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Coxa, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC); black arrow indicates the short ventral oblique carina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891613/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">8A</figureCitation>
). Strongly transverse in dorsal and frontal view, overall shining; face distinctly transverse, more than 3.5× as wide as medially high, densely punctate, medio-apically protruding in a very distinct blunt tubercule right below the antennal sockets, median field present and delimited by carinae on the ventral part of the face; clypeus well separated from the rest of the face (epistomal sulcus distinct); clypeus sparsely punctuate, shining and lenticular; malar space short, about 0.3 × basal width of mandible; mandible departing from the horizontal plane, slightly bending downward, with sparse setiferous punctures in the central area and on the ventral margin, teeth rather stout with the ventral tooth shorter (about 0.5 ×) than the upper tooth and slightly bent downward; antennal socket slightly projecting into a small flange, connected laterally to the internal orbit by means of a blunt, almost indistinct carina; frons and vertex almost completely smooth, with sparse and superficial punctuation, and with short and sparse hairs; ocellar triangle wider than high, slightly elevated; occipital carina distinct and complete, meeting hypostomal carina at the base of the mandible; temples slightly rounded in dorsal view; gena, in lateral view, medially strongly inflated, with indistinct punctures; antenna filiform, not tapering, flagellum with 28 flagellomeres, the 2
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBA914CFDB246F0FFFAF859" attach="left" box="[638,655,1962,1976]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">nd</superScript>
flagellomere about 1.5× as long as 1
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBA914CFB8646F0F920F859" attach="none" box="[1098,1109,1962,1976]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">st</superScript>
, preapical flagellomeres slightly longer than wide.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D56606FFBD914BFF714642FF3AF899" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" targetBox="[189,1399,265,1773]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBD914BFF714642FF3AF899" blockId="20.[189,1398,1816,1913]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBD914BFF714642FC7BF8D3" bold="true" box="[189,270,1816,1842]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBD914BFED64642FEACF8D3" authority="Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityName="Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[282,985,1816,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nambi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBD914BFED64642FF21F8D3" box="[282,596,1816,1842]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Centeterichneumon nambi</emphasis>
Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFBD914BFC284642F936F8D3" box="[996,1091,1816,1842]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBD914BFB824642F916F8D3" bold="true" box="[1102,1123,1816,1842]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBD914BFE7F4661FCB2F8B4" bold="true" box="[435,455,1851,1877]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B</emphasis>
. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBD914BFB634661F9B1F8B4" bold="true" box="[1199,1220,1851,1877]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C</emphasis>
. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBC914AFF714053F902FD0D" blockId="21.[189,1401,265,749]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFBC914AFF714053FC4CFEC0" baselines="284,284" box="[189,313,265,291]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mesosoma" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">MESOSOMA</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBC914AFE9D4053FCA0FEC2" box="[337,469,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-38@20.[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). C. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 7A–C</figureCitation>
). Dorsoventrally flattened, overall shining; pronotum irregularly striate on ventral margin, smooth centrally, and densely punctate dorsally, its ventral corner pointed; pronotal neck aciculate; pronotal collar centrally smooth and from densely to irregularly punctate on the side; epomia strong; propleuron finely punctate, with sparse hairs, projected into a blunt flange ventro-apically; mesoscutum finely and moderately punctate, notauli short and distinct only anteriorly; scutellum flat, with only a few, very superficial punctures, carinated only at the base; mesopleuron from densely punctate to puncto-striate, speculum smooth; epicnemial carina slightly raised between fore coxae, laterally ending at anterior edge of mesopleuron; sternaulus distinct on anterior third, crenulate; posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete, slightly raised between mid coxae; metapleuron punctate anteriorly and punctate-rugose apically and ventrally, juxtacoxal carina strong; propodeum rather long in lateral view, not gently sloping; anterior transverse carina absent, with area basalis and area superomedia not separated and transversely striated, area externa and area dentipara not separated, punctate basally, and transversely striated apically; area petiolaris and area postero-externa transversely striated; area spiracularis moderately punctate; area lateralis transversely striated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBC914AFF71424FF935FCB3" blockId="21.[189,1399,788,850]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFBC914AFF71424FFD83FCCC" baselines="808,808" box="[189,246,789,815]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Legs" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">LEGS</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBC914AFEC5424EFC1CFCCF" box="[265,361,788,815]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-38@20.[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). C. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs 7A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBC914AFEB7424EFCD5FCCF" box="[379,416,788,814]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[188,231,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-448@21.[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 8. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov.A. Head, frontal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Coxa, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC); black arrow indicates the short ventral oblique carina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891613/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">8B</figureCitation>
). All coxae densely punctate; hind coxa with a short ventral oblique carina. Hind femur about 3.8–3.9 × as long as medially high. Tarsal claws without pecten.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBC914AFF714223FFC3FC3B" blockId="21.[188,1399,889,986]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFBC914AFF714223FC7CFC70" baselines="908,908" box="[189,265,889,915]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wings" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">WINGS</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBC914AFED54223FC07FC72" box="[281,370,889,915]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-38@20.[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). C. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
). Fore wing with
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFD8D4223FFF0FC72" box="[577,645,889,915]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">3rs-m</emphasis>
present, areolet pentagonal;
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFC184223F962FC72" box="[980,1047,889,915]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">1cu-a</emphasis>
opposite
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFB4B4223F9A3FC72" box="[1159,1238,889,915]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M&amp;RS</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFB294223F87BFC72" box="[1253,1294,889,915]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">CU</emphasis>
between
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFF7042C6FC40FC57" box="[188,309,924,950]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">1m-cu&amp;M</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFEB442C6FCCEFC57" box="[376,443,924,950]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">2cu-a</emphasis>
about 1.8× as long as
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFD2842C6FE52FC57" box="[740,807,924,950]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">2cu-a</emphasis>
. Hind wing with distal abscissa of
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFB2942C6F87BFC57" box="[1253,1294,924,950]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">CU</emphasis>
present, pigmented,
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFE8B42E5FC05FC38" box="[327,368,959,985]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">CU</emphasis>
about 1.9× as long as
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFDB7429AFFDAFC38" box="[635,687,960,985]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">cu-a</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBC914AFF71455BF877FB80" blockId="21.[189,1398,1024,1121]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFBC914AFF71455BFC4CFBF8" baselines="1044,1044" box="[189,313,1025,1051]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Metasoma" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">METASOMA</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBC914AFE83455AFCA1FBFA" box="[335,468,1024,1051]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-38@20.[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). C. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 7A–B</figureCitation>
). First tergite sparsely punctate basally, apically (the postpetiole) shagreen; 2
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBC914AFF004579FDA8FBD0" attach="left" box="[204,221,1059,1073]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">nd</superScript>
tergite superficially and densely punctate, gastrocoeli and thyridia superficial; 3
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBC914AFB4C4579F9FBFBD0" attach="left" box="[1152,1166,1059,1073]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">rd</superScript>
tergite superficially and densely punctate; the rest of the tergites shagreen; ovipositor straight, slightly projecting.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBC9148FF7145D2F86DFE31" blockId="21.[188,1399,1160,1328]" lastBlockId="23.[188,1400,264,465]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFBC914AFF7145D2FC33FB40" baselines="1179,1180" box="[189,326,1160,1186]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Coloration" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">COLORATION</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBC914AFE9B45D2FCACFB43" box="[343,473,1160,1187]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-38@20.[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). C. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs 7A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBC914AFE2945D2FF7DFB42" box="[485,520,1160,1187]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[188,231,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-448@21.[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 8. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov.A. Head, frontal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Coxa, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC); black arrow indicates the short ventral oblique carina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891613/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">8A</figureCitation>
). Head with face, clypeus, mandibles (except the black apical teeth), orbits all around the eyes, and genae pale yellow; black are: mandibular teeth, ocellar triangle, vertex, and temples; central part of the frons and the lower part of the temples orange-brown. Antenna with scape and pedicel entirely orange; flagellum with the first three basal segments orange-brown, the 4
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBC914AFB3845ABF874FB1E" attach="left" box="[1268,1281,1265,1279]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">th</superScript>
gradually infuscating, and the rest black with the exception of the brown ventral side of the apical segments (from the 12
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBE9148FEC84052FC64FEF7" attach="none" box="[260,273,264,278]" fontSize="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
/13
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBE9148FEFB4052FC31FEF7" attach="left" box="[311,324,264,278]" fontSize="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
flagellomeres); white annulus present only on the dorsal side of the flagellum, from the 8
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBE9148FA804052F82CFEF7" attach="left" box="[1356,1369,264,278]" fontSize="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
to 14
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBE9148FF164071FD92FED8" attach="none" box="[218,231,299,313]" fontSize="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
/15
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBE9148FEC14071FC6FFED8" attach="left" box="[269,282,299,313]" fontSize="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
flagellomeres. Mesosoma entirely orange-yellow with preaxilla black and tegulae pale yellow, the overall ventral side is pale yellow while the dorsal sclerites are mostly orange. All legs are orange yellow, with fore and mid coxae and fore and mid trochanters pale yellow; basal part of hind femur, hind tibia, and hind tarsus infuscate. Wing entirely hyaline. Metasoma entirely orange, except for the 7
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBE9148FAA540C9F803FE40" attach="none" box="[1385,1398,403,417]" fontSize="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
tergite, which is dorsally brown with a white apical margin; ovipositor sheath deeply infuscate.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D56606FFBC914AFF7046DFFC79F807" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891613" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891613/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" startId="21.[188,231,1925,1951]" targetBox="[189,1399,1381,1885]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBC914AFF7046DFFC79F807" blockId="21.[187,1398,1925,2022]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFF7046DFFC7DF87E" bold="true" box="[188,264,1925,1951]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBC914AFEC146DFFED6F87E" authority="Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityName="Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[269,931,1925,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nambi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFEC146DFFF34F87E" box="[269,577,1925,1951]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Centeterichneumon nambi</emphasis>
Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFBC914AFC6446DCF975F841" box="[936,1024,1926,1952]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFBCF46DFF96DF87E" bold="true" box="[1027,1048,1925,1951]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">A</emphasis>
. Head, frontal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM).
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBC914AFEF046F3FC25F822" bold="true" box="[316,336,1961,1987]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">B</emphasis>
. Coxa, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC); black arrow indicates the short ventral oblique carina.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E0D56606FFBF9149FF7146F0FC8BF809" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891615" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891615" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891615/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" startId="22.[189,232,1962,1988]" targetBox="[199,1386,265,1935]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBF9149FF7146F0FC8BF809" blockId="22.[189,1398,1962,2024]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBF9149FF7146F0FC7AF824" bold="true" box="[189,271,1962,1989]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 9.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="73AA4D0DFFBF9149FE1546F1F9E8F824" authority="Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityName="Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni" authorityYear="2023" box="[473,1181,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Centeterichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nambi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBF9149FE1546F1FE61F824" box="[473,788,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Centeterichneumon nambi</emphasis>
Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DED57E7FFBF9149FB6546F1F87DF824" box="[1193,1288,1963,1989]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBF9149FAD846F0F85CF825" bold="true" box="[1300,1321,1962,1988]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
. Type locality.
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBF9149FEEE4694FC43F809" bold="true" box="[290,310,1998,2024]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
. Country record.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBE9148FF7140A2F9F0FDD5" blockId="23.[189,1398,502,564]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<smallCapsWord id="B2F3A052FFBE9148FF7140A2FC46FDF1" baselines="523,523" box="[189,307,504,530]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Variation" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">VARIATION</smallCapsWord>
(based on the
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFBE9148FE2840A2FFFEFDF3" box="[484,651,504,530]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">two paratypes</specimenCount>
). White annulus on the flagellum starting from the 7
<superScript id="43DF9BC6FFBE9148FACC40ACF878FDE5" attach="left" box="[1280,1293,502,516]" fontSize="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
flagellar segment in
<specimenCount id="A2ACFD07FFBE9148FE884340FCAAFDD5" box="[324,479,538,564]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">one paratype</specimenCount>
; mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus black in both
<typeStatus id="6B11882CFFBE9148FBC04340F9F5FDD5" box="[1036,1152,538,564]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBE9148FF264301FC5FFD94" blockId="23.[189,313,603,663]" box="[234,298,603,629]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBE9148FF264301FC5FFD94" bold="true" box="[234,298,603,629]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBE9148FF714327FC4CFD76" blockId="23.[189,313,603,663]" box="[189,313,637,663]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFBE9148FF7143E4FC4CFCE7" box="[189,313,702,774]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBE9148FF7143E4FD8DFD39" blockId="23.[189,248,702,728]" box="[189,248,702,728]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFBE9148FF7143E4FD8DFD39" bold="true" box="[189,248,702,728]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBE9148FF7143E4FD8DFD39" bold="true" box="[189,248,702,728]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Host</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBE9148FF7143B6FC4CFCE7" blockId="23.[189,313,748,774]" box="[189,313,748,774]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB06505FFBE9148FF714277FCC2FC94" box="[189,439,813,885]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBE9148FF714277FC23FCA6" blockId="23.[189,342,813,839]" box="[189,342,813,839]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="EF5D81E2FFBE9148FF714277FC23FCA6" bold="true" box="[189,342,813,839]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBE9148FF714277FC23FCA6" bold="true" box="[189,342,813,839]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B415368EFFBE9148FF714201FCC2FC94" blockId="23.[189,439,859,885]" box="[189,439,859,885]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectingCountry id="CCBD761EFFBE9148FF714201FC6DFC94" box="[189,280,859,885]" name="Uganda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Uganda</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBE9148FEE44201FCDFFC94" box="[296,426,859,885]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1386,265,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-0@22.[199,1386,265,1943]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 9. Distribution of Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Type locality. B. Country record." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891615" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891615/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 9A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

138
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@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
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<mods:title id="CD8866D3383EDC260062462C91201C4F">Still counting: new records, nomenclatural notes, and three new species of Phaeogenini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) from the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D984A2E8F7A008363534AC47DDCFAF7D">Pos, Davide Dal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EEEB713F09D9F9190BC93C1F10A10DC9">Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 4110 Libra Dr. Rm 442, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA. Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany. Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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Key to the species of
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1. Head strongly transverse, face about 3.7 × as wide as medially high (width measured as the maximum distance of the inner orbits, height measured in the center from the edge of the clypeus to the level of the antennal sockets) (A); area superomedial not clearly separated from area basalis, forming an elongated continuous area (shaded area) (B); area externa and area dentipara not separate (anterior transverse carina not distinct) (B); mesoscutum flat in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBE9148FC3C44F5F919FA2B" box="[1008,1132,1455,1482]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-38@20.[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). C. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 7A, C</figureCitation>
); clypeus and face pale yellow (A), frons orange-brown (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBE9148FDA04488FFBCFA0D" box="[620,713,1490,1516]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[188,231,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-448@21.[189,1399,1381,1885]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 8. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov.A. Head, frontal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Coxa, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC); black arrow indicates the short ventral oblique carina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891613/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
); metasoma entirely orange, except for the 7
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tergite which is dorsally brown with a white apical margin (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFBE9148FCCB44AFFE16F9EE" box="[775,867,1525,1551]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1816,1842]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-38@20.[189,1399,265,1773]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Centeterichneumon nambi Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni sp. nov. A. Habitus, lateral view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). B. Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view, holotype, ♀ (ZSM). C. Mesopleuron, lateral view, paratype, ♀ (DDPC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891611/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
); 2
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and 3
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tergites densely but superficially punctate (C) ...........................................................
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFBE9148FCF4474DFED2F9D3" bold="true" box="[824,935,1559,1586]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. nambi</emphasis>
Dal Pos, Diller &amp; Di Giovanni
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– Head not strongly transverse, face about 3.0× as wide as medially high (a); area superomedia inverted heart-shaped (shaded area), weakly separated from area basalis (red arrow), and not forming an elongated continuous area (b); area externa and area dentipara distinctly separated (anterior transverse carina clearly present) (b); mesoscutum convex in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB19147FB704074F835FEA8" box="[1212,1344,302,329]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[192,1380,955,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-211@15.[189,1399,942,1840]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 2. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, subspecies (MZPW). A–B. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, lateral view. C–D. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW). C. Habitus, dorsal view. D. Habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891593/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs 2B, D</figureCitation>
,
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); clypeus, face and frons pale white (a); metasoma with white posterior band on apical tergites (
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB19147FF384022FC0EFE73" box="[244,379,376,402]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[192,1380,955,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-211@15.[189,1399,942,1840]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 2. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, subspecies (MZPW). A–B. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, lateral view. C–D. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW). C. Habitus, dorsal view. D. Habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891593/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs 2A–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C912A0BFFB19147FE4A4022FCA4FE73" box="[390,465,376,402]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1061,1087]" captionTargetBox="[221,1371,265,1035]" captionTargetId="figure-25@17.[221,1371,265,1039]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 4.Metasoma, dorsal view. A. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus denticoxatusHeinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW). B. Centeterichneumon denticoxatus obscuratus Heinrich, 1938, syntype, ♀ (MZPW)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7891599/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">4A–B</figureCitation>
); 2
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tergite shagreen with sparse punctures posteriorly, 3
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tergite shagreen (c). ............................................................................................................
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<emphasis id="86DEEA9CFFB19147FBC040C7F9B2FE59" bold="true" box="[1036,1223,413,440]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">C. denticoxatus</emphasis>
Henrich, 1938
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Nixon, 1954
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<taxonomicName authority="Ortiz, 1965" authorityName="Ortiz" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Lutzomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lutzomyia scorzai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="24484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scorzai">Lutzomyia scorzai Ortiz, 1965</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Phlebotomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phlebotomus scorzai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="24484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scorzai">Phlebotomus scorzai</taxonomicName>
Ortiz, 1965 (
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1965
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24484">Materials</paragraph>
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Type status:
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. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
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; sex:
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; Taxon: scientificName: Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) scorzai (Ortiz, 1965); Location: country:
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; locality:
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Valid species in
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.
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<paragraph id="4E93093E747078D03E057A2B6DBD6A13" pageNumber="1">C. nigrofuscus, abdomine ovali paullo dilutiori, macula basali lutea, sulcoque intramarginali.</paragraph>
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Der Vorderleib hinten breit, mit einer scharfen Seitenecke; die gewoehnliche Borste beiderseits am Hinterrande lang, von der Wurzel an allmaehlig sich verdickend und in eine schwache Keule endigend. Der Hinterleib oval, wenig
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Der Vorderleib schwarzbraun, die
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In feuchten Vertiefungen.
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In dem
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, selten.
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<emphasis id="25C42DFE3354B11F0B7CA465E8A80540" italics="true">Pulsatilla halleri</emphasis>
(All.) Willd.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="253B1C9A51720A0A87A40DE1B6A83646" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="12A2FCAA83B7022651A7D91CA0ADF374">
<vernacularName id="B09AF766F7F837250BC679534114E047">
Hallers
<taxonomicName id="7B50A663900F2870B61017645D00671D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Anemone" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Anemone</taxonomicName>
</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D4866F932126A0E2AF47BEB91734DE85" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="A4EB68D893C614069E725810208079A2">
Art ISFS: 333700 Checklist: 1037060
<taxonomicName id="8E8247B381C862460C0C9348F2F9F4BE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ranunculaceae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="B440449BB19CACD69DFB386DCB88385F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pulsatilla</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="CB1E64FC98727F415DC4578D438B5E86" authority="(All.) Willd. Enthaelt" authorityName="Willd. Enthaelt" baseAuthorityName="All." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="halleri">
Pulsatilla halleri (All.) Willd.
<normalizedToken id="A13D5201DF3199E32CB3762C228E9EDF" originalValue="Enthält">Enthaelt</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="87EABD8AC05F15C48DE528523E5EA811" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="halleri" subSpecies="halleri">Pulsatilla halleri (All.) Willd. subsp. halleri</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="15985A04F7626F873A5F7A8305F0D570">
<heading id="851C9510E3A3447287B83136A1EF81C7">Zusammenfassung</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8FC1980A749C31C585EB297B6BDE70FD" type="description">
<paragraph id="00068D026DCB53D8DD6315FBDB20EBB6">
Artbeschreibung
<emphasis id="6317C9A7940A57B8E2576A7AED67B150" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="2F504D2F5FDDEF4706FA87847E3A55CE" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken id="6E62F154E2A2BD0DD22B1EF9F7B2FA93" originalValue="Ähnlich">Aehnlich</normalizedToken>
wie
<taxonomicName id="79EBC9D1A6BE7A3BC491598B449391F9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aquilegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="A18C711875262E9722687C78F2550733" italics="true">P. vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, aber
<emphasis id="A1D76C0F14FACF526C54AE09FFD9B501" bold="true">
Zipfel der
<normalizedToken id="ABA562234BF67EF46E07FE9DEBCE8F15" originalValue="grundständigen">grundstaendigen</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5BA1A1F5A0F4F5E32DA10B5234014350" originalValue="Blätter">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
<quantity id="6A254E66A3D45045B2F3668A9D266119" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2-5 mm</quantity>
breit
</emphasis>
, mit
<quantity id="0BAB9AE0C8729B1D922C71E448D4467F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2-4 mm</quantity>
langen Haaren, daher
<emphasis id="F276B10D34850000618B7C66D5B42BF5" bold="true">
seidig
<normalizedToken id="A235355B3A965BBEC61EC6ED842C28BB" originalValue="glänzend">glaenzend</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
,
<normalizedToken id="4EC0E3049E5B61CE8FA98822A0067366" originalValue="Blumenblätter">Blumenblaetter</normalizedToken>
nur
<quantity id="CF31637729352B64703E28863DCB72FE" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 cm</quantity>
lang,
<emphasis id="46FC585D879A36833828B662B0EA6EB2" bold="true">hellviolett</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06CD8A8DE2976669231E0097FDD6CB1C" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="CF4353B32AD08C27AFF8DEAAF1A4CD80">
<normalizedToken id="0FD1A37C94955B55B04AEB8276FBCEA2" originalValue="Blütezeit">Bluetezeit</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="F46C748256FE7413B9A85FB7363C9FFE" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="14B720595A1D58EAE678C76E8D38A78D" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: 5-7
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5FE6C56C22B8BC25E083070C70F8DF66">
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz
<emphasis id="7087DC90F4208DBF83C58155DA4177D5" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="CBDA2F7AD3199804042238B3F3FA53CD" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: Rasen,
<normalizedToken id="B07D9C7DCEDC466E64EF74BD6091F8C3" originalValue="Geröll">Geroell</normalizedToken>
, Felsspalten, auf Kalk / subalpin-alpin / VS (
<normalizedToken id="008C7749B7A967793D90CC3891FFD44C" originalValue="Vispertäler">Vispertaeler</normalizedToken>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8370E178348B57583A91732D5E1AEB27" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="340A2935FC1906DF86E953CFAF401E78">
Verbreitung global
<emphasis id="8FF81750CE7CBEFF4D6AC84A6F9C355E" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="E511196FB0EF56A5CE7DC2B49380C234" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: Mittel- und
<normalizedToken id="6A626046D58ACDEE1AA5CFB775A2CC24" originalValue="südosteuropäisch">suedosteuropaeisch</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8A445D098C0FE6E25E7FA7BC8E34DED1" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="235E846D92FA613FD123F19BEC1BC349">
<normalizedToken id="AE9DE0FA2229F3FFC22D711FBDD1AE87" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte
<emphasis id="287AC98712BBFCA6F8CA1AE7A59F232C" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="542504129A11217691886E6F8B471D3F" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
1 + 42-51 + 5.h.2n=32
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6F58B859280BD122CCDA06451B546013" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="B5F5D8E51AEF9FA3CC8185C42A92E7B1">Status</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="24B114682583FD331245EAC4C2789053" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="C270F4A4765FA9A9AEBBD126B17BFFD9">
<heading id="58138B34E97D93AB730765321893BE4A">Status IUCN</heading>
: Verletzlich
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E6CFEFF4CF71886F24C4991B957533BA" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="5D6BDFE31FF03612A78CB12E5741F335">
Nationale
<normalizedToken id="04E3FEB03F8687AA4BD56177A1A3537E" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
: 2 - Hohe nationale
<normalizedToken id="DD50985EDA994FA0F70C86EC00B0D7D0" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC2443A2BA1D8A00A51EFD59B5FD53E0">
<heading id="CD0D70E8E09D3DC4D7F832ACB5B507D3">Internationale Verantwortung</heading>
: 3 - Hoch Erhalten/
<normalizedToken id="EF04C531B07B2940E58ADF59E0A329F2" originalValue="Fördern">Foerdern</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C7781B225684F348B964BAE8068C753C" originalValue="Gefährdungen">Gefaehrdungen</normalizedToken>
Kleine Vorkommen,
<normalizedToken id="6D802803363D8FA98B0C1AF6A2435D31" originalValue="eingeschränktes">eingeschraenktes</normalizedToken>
Fundgebiet in touristisch stark genutztem Areal
<normalizedToken id="7F890D889F95E3053E772A332F3C786F" originalValue="Zerstörung">Zerstoerung</normalizedToken>
des Lebensraums (
<normalizedToken id="6DFA9493A7C67748A075CC2A6EB58CF4" originalValue="Bodenveränderungen">Bodenveraenderungen</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="45AF686099A33F2774DD51D0F0986A2E" originalValue="Bautätigkeit">Bautaetigkeit</normalizedToken>
im Rahmen des Tourismus) Eutrophierung
<normalizedToken id="1D546CB7139BFC6D58C8DA3BBAB26625" originalValue="Bewässerung">Bewaesserung</normalizedToken>
Ungeeignete Bewirtschaftung (Aufgabe der traditionellen Weide, Sukzession) Verlust des Lebensraums (Weinbau,
<normalizedToken id="D8F5351D942FDA0CCF3F99F4F6EFE460" originalValue="Überbauung">Ueberbauung</normalizedToken>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F56B620E79D302C6B104ABD27ABC65B">
<heading id="FCE28537A3FC35B2ECC0B4CB7F5306AE">
<normalizedToken id="584B5ECCA32497FB57C399C99ED00939" originalValue="Ökologie">Oekologie</normalizedToken>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8D1E357533F98EBE767B49212C935BF2">
Lebensform
<normalizedToken id="D8EFC0698F09075D00A0CC656C2FBD2F" originalValue="Mehrjähriger">Mehrjaehriger</normalizedToken>
Hemikryptophyt
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="07DE5AAFF499F00E9C09E9CB3CCC3D81">
<heading id="959807AEBC8680A63C143224AAFD3C85">Lebensraum Lebensraum</heading>
nach
<bibRefCitation id="C8149CFE8A909BECF805EEBB90A4D13D" author="Delarze, R. &amp; Gonseth, Y. &amp; Eggenberger, S. &amp; Vust, M." location="Bad Hersfeld, Germany" publisher="Ott Verlag" refString="Delarze, R., Gonseth, Y., Eggenberger, S., Vust, M. 2015. Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie – Gefährdung – Kennarten (3rd edition). Ott Verlag, Bad Hersfeld, Germany, 456 pp." title="Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie – Gefährdung – Kennarten (3rd edition)" year="2015">Delarze &amp; al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1AB64ADCC0709CE4D290AFA9404E7C2">
<table id="685E06659DE957C9E59A04D23528FF87" class="table" inLine="true">
<tr id="E84C290F3CD7A26068EB863D7F32FE5E">
<td id="07C009EC2A8C678F9012895A614FFDFF">
<tbody id="9B58394A46AEC770B261CFE7A94D52CF">
4.2.1.1 - Inneralpine Felsensteppe (
<emphasis id="691EC831332045904569063F181F4C15" italics="true">Stipo-Poion</emphasis>
)
</tbody>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1A475CE7E3232B4560020FD0EC956E7">
<tableNote id="2678D668375963FCD4E563F6E0783E76">
<emphasis id="7D7A011FC54AC1A7ADA20835ECCA3D8A" bold="true">fett</emphasis>
<emphasis id="70F00CD40E9E84F102B2A6184382764A" italics="true">
Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes
<normalizedToken id="A45F87E74860B1C196095FCCB93B2EB1" originalValue="mitprägt">mitpraegt</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="168C21B408217622598247B402BEE13E" italics="true">Charakterart</emphasis>
<emphasis id="411DEFFC89839EC85EDAA58FA31CCAC5" italics="true">Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art</emphasis>
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C6C8159F714D3D0DE32E8C5336BC1F70" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="F90D1358BA70F030FE2AAA1DEBE27A52">
<normalizedToken id="CEDCB65BE3A600C591615AB0C7766C24" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte nach
<bibRefCitation id="FDAA6C08E67DA292707FCC54AB084703" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C6D5BD1FFB033E565F407622EF506651">
<table id="B362D60DAD649A336E6635FBCCBC3B01" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="E8684D55552C14B5751E2BC2B9B65604">
<tr id="F6B5CC2F8FFCEBA7E080CE9A5CB78395">
<th id="088DD8C5FBE6B549D72AC839AE63CB92" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="1888C4C90FCBC77DBB16D98C6E2FD42F" bold="true">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="6CE1AE389A564609682B6B4D1A4EB5A4" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="EAD193872284F6092A37743D31F9C6B2" bold="true">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="F5C3B7931ECFC227493B0E1BA7364B0F" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="7672F512BA65103B375269A20BC53620" bold="true">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="56402C5CAA07A65ADF85D10932D2658C">
<td id="3365A9BD647AE28F515B0FE5B786D092">Feuchtezahl F</td>
<td id="52B73DC2ECA775B00908E66616AC2A34" style="text-align:left;width:100px">trocken</td>
<td id="DC2AC4193DC6A70E606D2540CFF65D88">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="3F510107544863FD4961AEC851971CE0" style="text-align:left;width:60px">sehr hell</td>
<td id="35771082C04B03644DF4E1134743758A">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="37291D6FA8CEB2DBF796DC1643CDFB53" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="632BBAA428FAF8082A5EAE27A2E3A821">
<td id="C54A0298FB298E3BB5E3B047EEB5FD3B">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="A38695EE77882D7D594A432A0B814D21" style="text-align:left">neutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)</td>
<td id="F868AC47067B7591BC91ACD8E9455606">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="89A9ADFB49214CA26D3B0E5E821C7E49" style="text-align:left">
unter-alpin, supra-subalpin und ober-subalpin (
<normalizedToken id="1A5D38B064A07E8DC0CC47F37A0D158A" originalValue="Arven-Lärchenwälder">Arven-Laerchenwaelder</normalizedToken>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="105403EF0F0A4F169BD72979CB3FF631">
<td id="846AD62A371DFE6A807E7C4D87E7C482">
<normalizedToken id="1DEA9DCC6218F4B8F3A24ABEE161D198" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
</td>
<td id="4945CD5B256E66D53C2F48B4524659E1" style="text-align:left">
<normalizedToken id="52BE4CB37418CB2CBC3D6845FF6D6FF9" originalValue="nährstoffarm">naehrstoffarm</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="ADDAACDBD1C06362A7EA7456223065F5">
<normalizedToken id="3A99CF1DE0167483AA31027B9464F07E" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
</td>
<td id="A9DFDB3F250284991C222CB764D3905D" style="text-align:left">kontinental (sehr niedrige Luftfeuchtigkeit, sehr grosse Temperaturschwankungen, kalte Winter)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3A8D340D5A8319F2CF334AD3B12F083F" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="E92714A8136B05960F9F5260E0C9C5DC">
<normalizedToken id="D40FA42E024E37956FF79BADC18B2EDA" originalValue="Abhängigkeit">Abhaengigkeit</normalizedToken>
vom Wasser
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="06B698BDBA56793B236D893BF6F4B2F6">
<table id="1646F5E853CC2E53287BF671A11D5E62" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="FA9E0E16F8866BFC49D361AB20086864">
<tr id="56B0B16AFE9648CD07E37CDB5DB0E396">
<td id="F39A6024E1D54737D1442F5517B4465E">
<normalizedToken id="89FD69A71F4220668CD11A823787FB7B" originalValue="Flüsse">Fluesse</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="15751C86AF3A03225C5F629766718BBA">0 - unbedeutend, keine Bindung.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D6368F4A9E038F58AB3CD387B0E73B3E">
<td id="D52D14D50C3F74560FEE79C03AF225DA">Ruhiges Wasser</td>
<td id="37262296B32B9CE944DE6D86BDB4FF73">0 - unbedeutend, keine Bindung.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EBE049E4E2D241E07FEADEECC43C9E70">
<td id="4E06E945D29010A6BD0C67B2643D5F9F">Grundwasser</td>
<td id="197965720684D0F1248147A37D5E441B">0 - unbedeutend, keine Bindung.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B56B0D527EDD99BE912B77276027631F">
<heading id="30234750601FB31A60226B231BD2EACF">Nomenklatur</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="727E49B9C5BBB7671E97FC6E987D745C">
<heading id="217F6B027AAC64235F8D245F117DE118">
<normalizedToken id="5C760A3165E8CF60FF14273E79E14F57" originalValue="Gültiger">Gueltiger</normalizedToken>
Name (
<bibRefCitation id="4ED2BAA4E9D7C594222E1E54B1296BE1" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</heading>
:
<taxonomicName id="06A22AC692D864725CE854B3D354F732" authority="(All.) Willd." authorityName="Willd." baseAuthorityName="All." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="halleri">
<emphasis id="934F22D0E02C1F82A4C9BD6285EBE88A" italics="true">Pulsatilla halleri</emphasis>
(All.) Willd.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5BCE251F89B9FD080ED41C5255A8B4EB" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="5ECE04AFF43477631EB4B9E2A8A00916">
Volksname Deutscher Name:
<vernacularName id="E8F749C85BFF3A0C4C883D5A6F161B64" language="deu">
Hallers
<taxonomicName id="0EC694724A53E7132EAD395625119D4C" authority="Hallers Kuhschelle Nom" authorityName="Hallers Kuhschelle Nom" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Anemone" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
Anemone,
<vernacularName id="100D5321FE83E8F42FF4BEAA13148FA4" language="deu">Hallers Kuhschelle</vernacularName>
Nom
</taxonomicName>
</vernacularName>
<normalizedToken id="B59F07D64B23CFE819E068702A23F28B" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
:
<vernacularName id="7A00B10CC13FA73D3EE42364952BCAF8" language="fra">Pulsatille de Haller</vernacularName>
Nome italiano:
<taxonomicName id="D6236F27660C0462DCDA69BD60756169" authority="di Haller" authorityName="di Haller" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<vernacularName id="5B942A4599A24EB16423CC2765CEEE2D" language="ita">Pulsatilla di Haller</vernacularName>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5D91CFAA47B2E41CAC106794026D213B" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="CAF2B922F5524C4DC1AC56FAF9DD14A0">
<normalizedToken id="82ECF406C141A0DDE9EA473F4F6641E9" originalValue="Übereinstimmung">Uebereinstimmung</normalizedToken>
mit anderen Referenzwerken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DEFC68D7F64AAEB2A4D712EBCDC0041B">
<table id="6499579161A119AFFB59B2546B060919" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="916C381E3961F92E258EDC67B535D68C">
<tr id="7D39D19E018CF914A3E76B44F9B52FAE">
<th id="9CAF465F883008563981F740E8B2BA8D" width="80px">Relation</th>
<th id="48CBE5BCC38D034DD258221B0B3CBC9D">Nom</th>
<th id="CE8AD045176495374466BB68817B27C0">Referenzwerke</th>
<th id="B30EDDE148D8C1B106C03E7B247E7A0F" width="90px">No</th>
</tr>
<tr id="887DC0C9326B241A6E372964554E2403">
<td id="66F3DBB4758A6BDC4874BB6F62BA7671" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="60A70D0A9304917477BA3467A7E49E6F">
<taxonomicName id="482BC68FF75682D88B6D08523F1DE53C" authority="(All.) Willd." authorityName="Willd." baseAuthorityName="All." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="halleri">Pulsatilla halleri (All.) Willd.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="41865326A802F0377B59D99585257CB9">
<treatmentCitation id="61CF4135CBAFC08ED70CEBEFAD89A5F3">
<bibRefCitation id="2BEF750C02925E6AF48B0CF1373FDB5B" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="69CD258B8C83D02B21E293E8CDD8ECDA">333700</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A508BDE2417171FF8EA2318C1391130B">
<td id="D5781D1A7B377AC0ED435FB1B11B2222" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="C426B0F66203AAAC73804CC639D8819F">
<taxonomicName id="2E7BE8D64546C4CC2414BDE7DFFE0537" authority="(All.) Willd." authorityName="Willd." baseAuthorityName="All." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="halleri">Pulsatilla halleri (All.) Willd.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="FCFC9638DF9CFD384FD53DA00EF186BF">
<treatmentCitation id="4A90418578C4B4FB0F5CCC3022C02BCD">
<bibRefCitation id="6D497D85488A770A832CE60938A906A2">Flora Helvetica 2001</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="7288A9E609088BD23C885A37D9B213E8">159</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8D9B268DFC49B2886171AB53D8A49E4D">
<td id="AAF6C871F75A92797E00C530380C2754" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="914B66EB81949A72EE0D326F5F461956">
<taxonomicName id="09BC915D38BA59BDC18CF3A588AA8882" authority="(All.) Willd." authorityName="Willd." baseAuthorityName="All." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="halleri">Pulsatilla halleri (All.) Willd.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="0ED5BC89F36E330B65C16E981C57B6D1">
<treatmentCitation id="9A49F816072965F59F17E63858020BF1">
<bibRefCitation id="C0F93530088F5B0068D4728A4FB32C9E">Flora Helvetica 2012</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="F39E427190C7BC5A7AB1C325C348BE9A">151</td>
</tr>
<tr id="BE0179FB52856872E10BD0612B27E78A">
<td id="1AC419EA9A94D80BDF4D7DEFF3DAA536" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="D1D17FAE747F9E4858187B215101350C">
<taxonomicName id="FFF13FABED2969697C1BAB85AD1DFF6E" authority="(All.) Willd." authorityName="Willd." baseAuthorityName="All." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="halleri">Pulsatilla halleri (All.) Willd.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="736CC03F3F57100A2E88EED82E3B1340">
<treatmentCitation id="74917500AFD2AC3C95077A0E604D4A26" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF6E35FB94D92BA3488E0471857C3879">
<bibRefCitation id="8BD622446BB39A3C5BCE48F7F30C1773">Flora Helvetica 2018</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="08AFEC860FFB40E5215CE0C1BB14D54E">151</td>
</tr>
<tr id="77088560569636502D213D52D880506D">
<td id="6FCC230CB57B302106AC2B3F65A6C7AE" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="69CDC07C11818AC05A7C3589B93B96DB">
<taxonomicName id="654843EEFF0F0F056C6F57182837A7D0" authority="(All.) Willd." authorityName="Willd." baseAuthorityName="All." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="halleri">Pulsatilla halleri (All.) Willd.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="5A0C254A663E876AA547D3FD4AF17FD1">
<treatmentCitation id="82482BF316DA4760955F696B38EAE202">
<bibRefCitation id="3B720AE6611D7FF1065E83B98659B39B">Index synonymique 1996</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="9CDC389890F95F44D4CFA6A7AF0F5CA7">333700</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A0CA39318A10D5C950F2DAFDC51DA5CA">
<td id="FED46FF114D58648D0B536F4F3A9429F" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="11FA7051A795BAB734788A83DBC396BB">
<taxonomicName id="BE543436F82AF07C91E560C92C02384C" authority="(All.) Willd." authorityName="Willd." baseAuthorityName="All." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="halleri">Pulsatilla halleri (All.) Willd.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="2F2ED6A40656407FBD133821B679B0F7">
<treatmentCitation id="480E3D74B7198B794F91CFDF8A79C28D">
<bibRefCitation id="58543A739A46F9DAFD071A62DA752B2E">Landolt 1977</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="8505F778806F533216D42B4492EFB8C9">1148</td>
</tr>
<tr id="ECE8BE6869EB4EDA498807AEFCB08AE1">
<td id="58B9EC841DDD54341763CCA989720D22" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="91EEA521622E3E9A59F09E5CFE4805CA">
<taxonomicName id="0255A1B7FBBA15AEF8C8F51671EBEB8A" authority="(All.) Willd." authorityName="Willd." baseAuthorityName="All." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="halleri">Pulsatilla halleri (All.) Willd.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E6BC4394AD5B15F90F30EB1CEAC25F18">
<treatmentCitation id="5988D79D82063574592835B2009E45C2">
<bibRefCitation id="D84006B8C737BF74F4C57AE9EDB34119">Landolt 1991</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="DA0B279031A71D9A04F82912E8693097">992</td>
</tr>
<tr id="38CBCBC33ABF6F144BFA006902722497">
<td id="BCB009C62A7D69000847130478265CCA" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="3A64D11EED7D4BA051ACB20E10945184">
<taxonomicName id="1D6E0E07B2C1FFAE208A0BD8AB06CB7F" authority="(All.) Willd." authorityName="Willd." baseAuthorityName="All." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="halleri">Pulsatilla halleri (All.) Willd.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="8653BCEC0CD5D526C95A63C9CFECB9CD">
<treatmentCitation id="226A7340950F3300B6AB72732956C0DD">
<bibRefCitation id="B06D953712CDB945395362EDEC1AEC64">SISF/ISFS 2</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="930E2227A2C493D256CEBFDD8772B0F7">333700</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2FE53B02150880E04BAC8A29616404BC">
<td id="CA87230A2594F06ABAD4A4EF96BFE0E3" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="9F758FF35AA8EB0FD398848394D4E707">
<taxonomicName id="B2EE206078430007A20EB17D304F3CA6" authority="(All.) Willd." authorityName="Willd." baseAuthorityName="All." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Pulsatilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="halleri">Pulsatilla halleri (All.) Willd.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="EF7D12476E543D32DC01F13E34801B1D">
<treatmentCitation id="3E3CF28A254A6AFB9B7E943A0CE90A83">
<bibRefCitation id="A7CEE064DEF7A8146368F8F66FA83370">Welten &amp; Sutter 1982</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="5FB0089F8105AEE09C2C75FFA679D010">379</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2DEFDE27316442B9C08CDB207C8B554B">
<tableNote id="7D7E1F66D8F2C86C91B5C36CB3A9A74A">
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon
<normalizedToken id="74E323366731BA1606944ADBA24E3DB5" originalValue="überein">ueberein</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation id="09F28AFF209412E9AED74676DF61D3F8" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) &lt;Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="4F405920470A0B26F9E29D22DAD21874" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) enthalten&gt; Taxon
<normalizedToken id="92D8B4084412E97A2706F3D6C7CFD653" originalValue="enthält">enthaelt</normalizedToken>
(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="281758900C0F222C2BC691954F3D7C33" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1F891ADFC587CFF815E1904BF2E6C948" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="E9F56F4F67B53E6468892C1585BBFAC3">
<heading id="694CFCE8C0F70C304EF525B000924739">Status Indigenat</heading>
: Indigen
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C25371B46D001AB4BB6D79A022B0108A">
<emphasis id="612B94BB74D11E72AD57C3F79F3343A6" bold="true">
<heading id="D00176A60B5625B0FEE4A2DB99E4C78B">
Liste der
<normalizedToken id="33836A03D0D7C0CB9971F403DE3DC7BC" originalValue="gefährdeten">gefaehrdeten</normalizedToken>
Pflanzen IUCN
</heading>
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="5E2A93BF319A0601C0E8DE8F092CB588" author="Walter, K.S. &amp; Gillett, H.J." location="Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" publisher="IUCN" refString="Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (editors). 1998. 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" title="IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants" year="1997">Walter &amp; Gillett 1997</bibRefCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Nein
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB9F8FC4DE5567B53A7DB9A0AC522CB2">
<heading id="6DE878F6CF5C79626F88A7A2C7C42168">Status Rote Liste national 2016</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60A9EDDBDA04CAE516A2D31D583DE91">
<heading id="6A5856BF7EE9056DAFAF21F9084464CE">Status IUCN</heading>
: Verletzlich
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2CA4A1063CF3A071E5D419114D2EABD8">
<heading id="4AF1CF1F113CAE7B427DC59716AF20FF">
<normalizedToken id="757DF13F29BBF1BA4DF0EFA7F4887EF3" originalValue="Zusätzliche">Zusaetzliche</normalizedToken>
Informationen
</heading>
Kriterien IUCN: D2
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3D2296B63CD66192221A44E683B0C428">
<heading id="5D7656B4BD3A15A85A87AF2F4EC19E7D">Status Rote Liste regional 2019</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2E31AABCF07BFE6EBF0AE33CCDF11BEA">
<table id="97A2DF13C5971EA6AFF28835D3DCD165" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="CE6140F30ACC2E988716B0925AA0F247">
<tr id="CA6B3D576C4D2EF295185BC4D31503D8">
<th id="E65CD68E77D076951EA15F6FCE0FF1D5">Biogeografische Regionen</th>
<th id="537FB20ABB0333B6C172664F16034A09">Status</th>
<th id="17DB0305F5582E28F597AA02157F4E57">Kriterien IUCN</th>
</tr>
<tr id="1B7DC1F53FC2D5B0F313AC45B5475DCC">
<td id="629BF3E9FF4A4CAA20D17B78B309EE97" class="regional_status">Jura (JU)</td>
<td id="F267404A71952C7655B4FD5FCFF3F3FC">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0690B69EA4CF366DA10852821CB114A0">
<td id="2DDD713DB686014803C3A3A0168786C3" class="regional_status">Mittelland (MP)</td>
<td id="9C5DB519476AF8448040920F3F9AC14A">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="82104A162C09AE772A74130A5A9971AB">
<td id="7D100A8284EC9E0A6EC1B53A785A5019" class="regional_status">Alpennordflanke (NA)</td>
<td id="4E8913B192BEE86199DF2F05941D7C89">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D22594D2CD4E9151C8919B6A917D086C">
<td id="D7A4F478FEA4FD02CA14FA7B0D573235" class="regional_status">
<normalizedToken id="E6C8E86B65742D152C7261AF991EA107" originalValue="Alpensüdflanke">Alpensuedflanke</normalizedToken>
(SA)
</td>
<td id="25DB26CD2CA757199E41C7ACA669A022">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="93618A95D7CCF38D0D617E449EB0F2EE">
<td id="83D0E0EA9E9751DB6ED03CAE618A5BBC" class="regional_status">
<normalizedToken id="DC5B17FB13D8130FE79E1353A9E25893" originalValue="Östliche">Oestliche</normalizedToken>
Zentralalpen (EA)
</td>
<td id="D41B3335DE7EAA442394C1A8A8E4EAA8">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1D393C19BD9726FF0233ADE77BB07659">
<td id="37DC62048A601AF366F12DBAFF0BEAC8" class="regional_status">Westliche Zentralalpen (WA)</td>
<td id="58EC9E9E6DD661E1E604E60EEA8F6969">verletzlich (Vulnerable)</td>
<td id="BF117FDD095BEFA13B0BC7A60B259724">D2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="88642BBDE4618D71F3619538EAC399E1">
<heading id="1BB64D210B2C9D2679FCEF1A31AE869A">
Status nationale
<normalizedToken id="00775C7B6D1C8DD7BF1897C493D4AD4D" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
/Verantwortung
</heading>
</paragraph>
<table id="9099A2323317AB170A0C03C02AE2C168" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="47F663E9F8FC54EC20124EC0B4315681">
<paragraph id="9509E90B8F387BF5CEE85EF647C98A88">
<tr id="F71E6658ABEA7294167156E4C3E9FFB8">
<td id="E6336B48BD2FC0F1A0E7754256EF79E5" style="width:50%">
<emphasis id="79351F7CE07FAF2EF52C29B647918C15" bold="true">
Nationale
<normalizedToken id="FF5079A7DD37A640D34A747159B2C45A" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="C97E9C88E2B35D13773D9DEFF44EAD6F">
2 - Hohe nationale
<normalizedToken id="3194B1FDB4A005101287F3767B43CE8E" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8468EF38E2624E2CA9427C0925FF8B75">
<td id="D4E1E89BA0AD27FEA39088EFFA4267A0">
<emphasis id="E601FED4DEC09A9CD0B29C05788FB922" bold="true">Massnahmenbedarf</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="4A3C7A2B3AD2EF2F4D255D6DF5FC48A8">
1 -
<normalizedToken id="8EAFDC278BA7A581B98841689567B58D" originalValue="Möglicher">Moeglicher</normalizedToken>
(unsicherer) Massnahmebedarf
</td>
</tr>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C9070AFCCF5A60F874290E615058B60D">
<tr id="272D3D6471D10CC01380AA6A86087502">
<td id="3003F8CC0771F41733F776C9155B5FAC">
<heading id="3CCD0709CAF670F1C7C707521CC5AF79">
<emphasis id="530F03F6679320847BBF328D195BDCD4" bold="true">Internationale Verantwortung</emphasis>
</heading>
</td>
<td id="EEFA06AADAC2425470434F1444A3F15B">3 - Hoch</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7EB0F527835703D879E5F18ABECC611A">
<td id="470144BCC5C3FFE1594CA6174962AB9E">
<emphasis id="2A5C447507AA2640DE64EF5C14BB86FC" bold="true">
<normalizedToken id="531F924B27279569B6F74C35689DC031" originalValue="Überwachung">Ueberwachung</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="128706F9FC66AD09BD3724D2BEE34D5A" originalValue="Bestände">Bestaende</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="5DD237A8E66EC5CCF6DB46EB3D1D47C2">
1 -
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ist eventuell
<normalizedToken id="DA6BE90B0DF4CE4657653CC3D5468DD6" originalValue="nötig">noetig</normalizedToken>
</td>
</tr>
</paragraph>
</tbody>
</table>
<paragraph id="5DDC31A0727164FD644EF0B542632990">
<heading id="DFE86626A368AFC52DA336EB85AA802C">Schutzstatus</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5E262D7873ED7B70726073DD0E89E7E9">
<table id="4B1069B4C31DCB64829D3E04C8C30E87" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="EFA75C427D1A74FCBB4F4EFFF83A467B">
<tr id="E0D6CDEE7F4EBEEAF12D0726BCD137B7">
<td id="F476CF95CD160807E1B0B49B1B997520" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="09F90B044436AE67ED5E261510D4C106" bold="true">International (Berner Konvention)</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="AB1426FDCAB60C83D2D810FF5C8BFC4B" width="90px">Nein</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00F2747DC21567E1DE4F79AB71B7D4F0">
<td id="DAD5F6BE65DC198605629BA62E4B4A50">
<emphasis id="8B1CDA939E170E16B392C778C8910633" bold="true">VS</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="30149D09B82EF8789FB34A54ACA65B7B" width="150px">
<normalizedToken id="962674806B223753DF1EBB91DB18742F" originalValue="Vollständig">Vollstaendig</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="41200A9D86367ACF8F88FADFB7DAD9FF" originalValue="geschützt">geschuetzt</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="52C938BFAB7FAD5ADCB7C19A1F2C0DA3">(01.01.2018)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4F443E981E07F67DB85E8B2041552B1">
<table id="A5BE0841DC733B65AFE26BFFD28F2EB1" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tr id="44B49F966F633466B7C9C3014D9B5BA5">
<tbody id="07FF5196CCB3373201595E61A7B91742">
<td id="90E807908D84E2BB2684F8B02293C98F">
<emphasis id="2F40110CBEBFB230C505F03A98D6F6B3" bold="true">Schweiz</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="0382C178E24AD02B2D930EEFF3755108" width="150px">--</td>
</tbody>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="17BD52BF18227FB1917DFCB2B1E889E3" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="B7A283914D0904F8EA24178E5B183095">
Erhalten/
<normalizedToken id="483A9B9E9E967D3E120694ACE3078889" originalValue="Fördern">Foerdern</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A022DB207EDE02160B509BFDCF6CC096" originalValue="Gefährdungen">Gefaehrdungen</normalizedToken>
und Massnahmen Kleine Vorkommen,
<normalizedToken id="6955DE668408C9F73C1987FF2BCD5EE4" originalValue="eingeschränktes">eingeschraenktes</normalizedToken>
Fundgebiet in touristisch stark genutztem Areal Schutz aller Fundstellen (Schutzgebiete, Mikroreservate) Besucherlenkung falls notwendig Keine weitere touristische Infrastruktur in den Fundbereichen zulassen
<normalizedToken id="65E329413A7FB4F87CCE92062BD305F6" originalValue="Zerstörung">Zerstoerung</normalizedToken>
des Lebensraums (
<normalizedToken id="8915E18CC287DA04316DFAEFB0DFF0BC" originalValue="Bodenveränderungen">Bodenveraenderungen</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="B6E1BB297C7F35EE4A942F38C61EA4BE" originalValue="Bautätigkeit">Bautaetigkeit</normalizedToken>
im Rahmen des Tourismus) Keine neue
<normalizedToken id="A3BC3B23890E9329F7827CCD8CA062BE" originalValue="Bautätigkeit">Bautaetigkeit</normalizedToken>
in der
<normalizedToken id="BF0BC2E76CEE1E1E068FB00CFF31CF73" originalValue="näheren">naeheren</normalizedToken>
Umgebung von aktuellen Vorkommen zulassen Detailkartierung
<normalizedToken id="4AE547ADBA3CDF596DB854D76C012722" originalValue="vorgängig">vorgaengig</normalizedToken>
an Vorhaben im Tourismus (Beschneiungsanlagen, Pistenkorrekturen, Bergstationen, Zufahrtswege, Bahnanlagen, Rodelbahnen,
<normalizedToken id="C3D935903B5D8205395067B28048104B" originalValue="Spielplätze">Spielplaetze</normalizedToken>
etc.) Fundbereiche
<normalizedToken id="83DCC0E8BDEA62702AE0FA41487ECAAA" originalValue="grosszügig">grosszuegig</normalizedToken>
von jeglichen Baumassnahmen des Tourismus freihalten Eutrophierung Eutrophierung von Inneralpine Felsensteppen (in Verbindung mit
<normalizedToken id="1BAED3E44645DD98A6CAADA195DE0936" originalValue="Bewässerung">Bewaesserung</normalizedToken>
) vermeiden
<normalizedToken id="3641D98626A43FF32B55EC7CD0353EF6" originalValue="Bewässerung">Bewaesserung</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="F9FCE2642ED77EF170077DCD594387BD" originalValue="Bewässerung">Bewaesserung</normalizedToken>
von Inneralpine Felsensteppen (in Verbindung mit Eutrophierung) vermeiden Ungeeignete Bewirtschaftung (Aufgabe der traditionellen Weide, Sukzession)
<normalizedToken id="C3EA02E6EC091DEE789D60A94D2C9F2F" originalValue="Förderung">Foerderung</normalizedToken>
einer angepassten extensiven Nutzung mit leichter Beweidung (Erhalten des offenen Lebensraums) Verlust des Lebensraums (Weinbau,
<normalizedToken id="C92555DEBA2F3C935AEDE09A99C589AD" originalValue="Überbauung">Ueberbauung</normalizedToken>
) Schutz aller Felsensteppen (Stipo-Poion)
<normalizedToken id="A30EC1B13B0DD1DE338A79451CAEABF8" originalValue="Lebensraumsstörung">Lebensraumsstoerung</normalizedToken>
vermeiden
<normalizedToken id="0B2B796CA0E28445C8FD6F80B68C0FA4" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
auf die Umwelt und ihre
<normalizedToken id="13B1367B1D2564B8A9DCFD0607DA7BC6" originalValue="ökologische">oekologische</normalizedToken>
Bedeutung legen, wenn Weinbau oder Bauprojekte eingerichtet werden Felsensteppen wiederherstellen oder in ihrem
<normalizedToken id="FA1C52E8ADFF0F79261E8B66DA13DA61" originalValue="natürlichen">natuerlichen</normalizedToken>
Zustand erhalten Ex situ Material Close
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

131
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<taxonomicName LSID="3C041E30-B128-512F-ABAC-B12B5019F816" authority="Olivier, 1912" authorityName="Olivier" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Rhagophthalmidae" genus="Rhagophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhagophthalmus motschulskyi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="motschulskyi">Rhagophthalmus motschulskyi Olivier, 1912</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Olivier" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Rhagophthalmidae" genus="Rhagophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhagophthalmus motschulskyi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="motschulskyi">Rhagophthalmus motschulskyi</taxonomicName>
E. Olivier, 1912: 469, 472.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="55" type="type depository">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Type depository.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Described based on an unknown number of specimens. Syntype, male (NHMUK).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="55" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">China: Hong Kong.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">China (Hong Kong).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="55" type="literature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Literature.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">
<bibRefCitation author="Olivier, E" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="467 - 472" refId="B222" refString="Olivier, E, 1912. Revision du genre Rhagophthalmus (Col. Lampyr.) et descriptions d'especes nouvelles. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 80 (1911): 467 - 472" title="Revision du genre Rhagophthalmus (Col. Lampyr.) et descriptions d'especes nouvelles." volume="80" year="1912">Olivier (1912</bibRefCitation>
: 469, 472): original description;
<bibRefCitation author="Winkler, A" journalOrPublisher="Albert Winkler, Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" refId="B290" refString="Winkler, A, 1925. Catalogus Coleopterorum regionis palaearcticae. I. A. Caraboidea, B. Palpicornia, Staphylinoidea, C. Diversicornia. Pars 5 [pp. 497-624]. Albert Winkler, Wien" title="Catalogus Coleopterorum regionis palaearcticae. I. A. Caraboidea, B. Palpicornia, Staphylinoidea, C. Diversicornia. Pars 5 [pp. 497 - 624]." year="1925">Winkler (1925</bibRefCitation>
: 522): catalogue;
<bibRefCitation author="McDermott, FA" editor="Steel, WO" journalOrPublisher="Uitgeverij Dr. W. Junk, Gravenhage" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 149" refId="B188" refString="McDermott, FA, 1966. Lampyridae. In: Steel, WO, Ed., Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa, Pars 9. Uitgeverij Dr. W. Junk, Gravenhage: 1 - 149" title="Lampyridae." volumeTitle="Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa, Pars 9." year="1966">McDermott (1966</bibRefCitation>
: 122): catalogue;
<bibRefCitation author="Hua, LZ" journalOrPublisher="Zhongshan (Sun Yat-sen) University Press, Guangzhou" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" refId="B115" refString="Hua, LZ, 2002. List of Chinese Insects. Vol. II. Zhongshan (Sun Yat-sen) University Press, Guangzhou" title="List of Chinese Insects. Vol. II." year="2002">Hua (2002</bibRefCitation>
: 71): catalogue;
<bibRefCitation author="Bocak, L" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="4: Elateroidea, Derodontoidea, Bostrichoidea, Lymexyloidea, Cleroidea, and Cucujoidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="224 - 225" refId="B18" refString="Bocak, L, 2007. Phengodidae. In: Loebl, I, Smetana, A, Eds., Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Vol. 4: Elateroidea, Derodontoidea, Bostrichoidea, Lymexyloidea, Cleroidea, and Cucujoidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark: 224 - 225" title="Phengodidae." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Vol." year="2007">Bocak (2007</bibRefCitation>
: 225): catalogue;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8298.2008.00264.x" author="Li, X" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="259 - 267" refId="B168" refString="Li, X, Ohba, N, Liang, X, 2008a. Two new species of Rhagophthalmus Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Rhagophthalmidae) from Yunnan, south-western China, with notes on known species. Entomological Science 11 (2): 259 - 267, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8298.2008.00264.x" title="Two new species of Rhagophthalmus Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Rhagophthalmidae) from Yunnan, south-western China, with notes on known species." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8298.2008.00264.x" volume="11" year="2008 a">Li et al. (2008a</bibRefCitation>
: 265): distribution;
<bibRefCitation author="Li, X" journalOrPublisher="Chinese Bulletin of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="494 - 498" refId="B169" refString="Li, X, Xie, M, Liang, X, 2008b. Rhagophthalmid - a special group of fireflies. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology 45: 494 - 498" title="Rhagophthalmid - a special group of fireflies." volume="45" year="2008 b">Li et al. (2008b</bibRefCitation>
: 496): review;
<bibRefCitation author="Yiu, V" journalOrPublisher="Insect News" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="13 - 16" refId="B301" refString="Yiu, V, 2011a. Principles of Chinese nomenclature of fireflies and Chinese names of Hong Kong fireflies. Insect News 2: 13 - 16" title="Principles of Chinese nomenclature of fireflies and Chinese names of Hong Kong fireflies." volume="2" year="2011 a">Yiu (2011a</bibRefCitation>
: 14): remark;
<bibRefCitation author="Yiu, V" journalOrPublisher="Hong Kong Entomological Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="20 - 30" refId="B302" refString="Yiu, V, 2011b. Observations on the luminescence configurations of eight firefly genera and their immature stages. Hong Kong Entomological Bulletin 3: 20 - 30" title="Observations on the luminescence configurations of eight firefly genera and their immature stages." volume="3" year="2011 b">Yiu (2011b</bibRefCitation>
: 20): biology and bioluminescence, figures of female bioluminescence;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3274.1.1" author="Ho, J-Z" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 13" refId="B112" refString="Ho, J-Z, Chen, Y-F, Cheng, S-H, Tsai, X-L, Yang, P-S, 2012. Two new species of Rhagophthalmus Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Rhagophthalmidae) from Matzu Archipelago, Taiwan with biological commentary. Zootaxa 3274 (1): 1 - 13, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3274.1.1" title="Two new species of Rhagophthalmus Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Rhagophthalmidae) from Matzu Archipelago, Taiwan with biological commentary." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3274.1.1" volume="3274" year="2012">Ho et al. (2012</bibRefCitation>
: 1): remark;
<bibRefCitation author="Yiu, V" journalOrPublisher="Popular Entomology Book Series, Volume 7. Hong Kong Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" refId="B303" refString="Yiu, V, 2012. Fireflies of Hong Kong. Popular Entomology Book Series, Volume 7. Hong Kong Entomological Society" title="Fireflies of Hong Kong." year="2012">Yiu (2012</bibRefCitation>
: 30): catalogue, figures of habitus;
<bibRefCitation author="Yiu, V" journalOrPublisher="Lampyrid" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="100 - 126" refId="B304" refString="Yiu, V, 2013. A study of Rhagophthalmidae and Lampyridae in Hong Kong with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera): Part 1. Lampyrid 3: 100 - 126" title="A study of Rhagophthalmidae and Lampyridae in Hong Kong with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera): Part 1." volume="3" year="2013">Yiu (2013</bibRefCitation>
: 101): remark, bioluminescence;
<bibRefCitation author="Yiu, V" journalOrPublisher="Lampyrid" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="59 - 111" refId="B305" refString="Yiu, V, 2017. A study of Rhagophthalmidae and Lampyridae in Hong Kong with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera): Part 2. Lampyrid 4: 59 - 111" title="A study of Rhagophthalmidae and Lampyridae in Hong Kong with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera): Part 2." volume="4" year="2017">Yiu (2017</bibRefCitation>
: 60): redescription, figures of larva, pupa, and adults, and male genitalia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

442
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<mods:title id="26A4BB5F213032F10BCC6D28533C20D6">Spelaeobochica goliath (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Bochicidae), a new troglobitic pseudoscorpion from Brazil</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="B4129635FF80FFECFF125D03FE583884" blockId="1.[151,505,1658,1718]" box="[151,505,1658,1685]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<heading id="EF5A2159FF80FFECFF125D03FE583884" bold="true" box="[151,505,1658,1685]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" reason="1">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF80FFECFF125D03FE583884" bold="true" box="[151,505,1658,1685]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<taxonomicName id="73ADEDB6FF80FFECFF125D03FE113885" ID-CoL="6Z8RC" authority="Viana &amp; Souza &amp; Ferreira, 2018" authorityName="Viana &amp; Souza &amp; Ferreira" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,432,1658,1684]" class="Arachnida" family="Bochicidae" genus="Spelaeobochica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goliath" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF80FFECFF125D03FE113885" bold="true" box="[151,432,1658,1684]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Spelaeobochica goliath</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEAF75CFF80FFECFE325D02FE583884" box="[439,505,1659,1685]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF80FFECFF125DE4FEE338A7" blockId="1.[151,505,1658,1718]" box="[151,322,1693,1718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
(
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF80FFECFF1A5DE4FEB038A7" box="[159,273,1693,1718]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3–7" captionStart-2="FIGURES8–14" captionStartId-0="2.[151,264,1275,1298]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox-0="[188,1402,577,1232]" captionTargetBox-1="[194,1424,390,1812]" captionTargetBox-2="[175,1424,210,1804]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,555,1252]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,349,1840]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1814]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–2. Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n. 1, habitus of female; 2, habitus of male.Scale bar 5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 3–7. Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n. 3, detail of male carapace, arrow points to the slightly prominent tip of the medial portion ofthe anterior margin, scalebar 0.10 mm; 4, lateroventralview of left chelicera of female,scale bar 0.25 mm; 5, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of male, scale bar 0.15 mm; 6, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of female, scale bar 0.15 mm; 7, rallum of left chelicera of female, scale bar 0.075 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES8–14. Spelaeobochica goliathsp.n.8,leftpedipalp offemale,arrows point tolateral tubercles of femur and patella, scale bar 1 mm; 9, left chela of female, showing trichobothrial pattern and part of dentition (three rows of teeth overlapping), scale bar 1 mm; 10, ventral view of right chela of male, arrow points to tooth-like protuberance on paraxial side near base of fixed finger, scalebar 1 mm;11, left leg I of male, scalebar 1 mm;12, detail of telotarsus of leg IVof male, scalebar 0.15 mm; 13, antiaxiodorsal view of part of movable finger of left chela of female, showing the three rows of teeth, scale bar 0.20 mm; 14, left leg IV of male, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1209662/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1209664/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/1209666/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Figs 1‒14</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF80FFECFE985DE7FE9B38A7" box="[285,314,1694,1718]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,197,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[162,1426,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Distribution and habitat of Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n. 15, map of South America with Brazil and Minas Gerais state highlighted; 16, map of Minas Gerais state showing placement of the Bambuí Group and the municipality of Ibiracatu; 17, karstic landscape in the region of Ibiracatu; 18, aspect of the single entrance of Lapa do Baianinho cave; 19, sketch of Lapa do Baianinho cave, showing distribution of the specimens (red dots) observed during sampling; 20, inner portion of Lapa do Baianinho cave; 21, live specimen in its natural habitat." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209668/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">21</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7C5BEFF80FFECFF125D9CFD4F3957" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B4129635FF80FFECFF125D9CFD4F3957" blockId="1.[151,1436,1765,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<materialsCitation id="04C59C68FF80FFECFF125D9CFD4E38EF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1836936108" box="[151,751,1765,1790]" country="Iceland" location="Material" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF80FFECFF125D9CFE2738EF" bold="true" box="[151,390,1765,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<location id="B172C0EEFF80FFECFF125D9CFF5E38EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C042723FF80FFEAFF125D03FB3A3B1D:B172C0EEFF80FFECFF125D9CFF5E38EF" box="[151,255,1765,1790]" country="Iceland" name="Material" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Material</location>
examined.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="6B162897FF80FFECFE175D9CFE5B38EF" box="[402,506,1765,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male (
<collectingCountry id="CCBAD6A5FF80FFECFDD45D9FFD3038EF" box="[593,657,1766,1790]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">ISLA</collectingCountry>
46634)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="04C59C68FF80FFECFD7A5D9CFD4A3957" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1836936109" collectingDate="2015-01-20" country="Iceland" county="Ibiracatu" location="Brazil" municipality="Lapa do Baianinho" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="B172C0EEFF80FFECFD7A5D9CFCE738EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C042723FF80FFEAFF125D03FB3A3B1D:B172C0EEFF80FFECFD7A5D9CFCE738EF" box="[767,838,1765,1790]" country="Iceland" county="Ibiracatu" municipality="Lapa do Baianinho" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Brazil</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="766958D7FF80FFECFCD25D9CFC5438EF" box="[855,1013,1765,1790]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="54760C4FFF80FFECFB835D9FFB4438EF" box="[1030,1253,1765,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Lapa do Baianinho</collectingMunicipality>
cave,
<collectingCounty id="5D73EEB9FF80FFECFABD5D9CFA3D38EF" box="[1336,1436,1765,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Ibiracatu</collectingCounty>
(15°45ʹ56.2ʺS, 44°14ʹ02.9ʺW),
<collectingDate id="D057491DFF80FFECFE705C73FD153933" box="[501,692,1801,1826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" value="2015-01-20">
<date id="C013B0F5FF80FFECFE705C73FD153933" box="[501,692,1801,1826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" value="2015-01-20">20 January 2015</date>
</collectingDate>
, leg. R. L. Ferreira.
<typeStatus id="6B162897FF80FFECFC1F5C73FBAD3933" box="[922,1036,1802,1826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="A2AB5DBCFF80FFECFB925C70FB253933" box="[1047,1156,1801,1826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
(ISLA 46635‒46639), 1 deutonymph (
<collectingCountry id="CCBAD6A5FF80FFECFEB75C57FED33957" box="[306,370,1838,1862]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">ISLA</collectingCountry>
46640), same details as
<typeStatus id="6B162897FF80FFECFD005C54FD4A3957" box="[645,747,1837,1862]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7C5BEFF80FFECFF425C28FD2339A0" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B4129635FF80FFECFF425C28FD2339A0" blockId="1.[151,1436,1765,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF80FFECFF425C28FEEF397B" bold="true" box="[199,334,1873,1898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name
<taxonomicName id="73ADEDB6FF80FFECFDA25C28FDD7397B" authorityName="Viana &amp; Souza &amp; Ferreira" authorityYear="2018" box="[551,630,1873,1898]" class="Arachnida" family="Bochicidae" genus="Spelaeobochica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goliath">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF80FFECFDA25C28FDD7397B" box="[551,630,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">goliath</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the anglicized form of the Hebrew Golyath and is treated as a noun in apposition; it refers to the biblical figure Goliath, a giant Philistine warrior. It alludes to the size of the new species, which is the largest known
<taxonomicName id="73ADEDB6FF80FFECFE4C5CE0FDDB39A3" authorityName="Mahnert" authorityYear="2001" box="[457,634,1945,1970]" class="Arachnida" family="Bochicidae" genus="Spelaeobochica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF80FFECFE4C5CE0FDDB39A3" box="[457,634,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Spelaeobochica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7C5BEFF80FFEFFF425CC4FBFB3F99" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="587" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B4129635FF80FFEFFF425CC4FBFB3F99" blockId="1.[151,1436,1765,2006]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="587" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF80FFECFF425CC4FEE039C7" bold="true" box="[199,321,1981,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This new species presents the main characters found in the genus
<taxonomicName id="73ADEDB6FF80FFECFBCB5CC4FB5E39C7" authorityName="Mahnert" authorityYear="2001" box="[1102,1279,1981,2006]" class="Arachnida" family="Bochicidae" genus="Spelaeobochica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF80FFECFBCB5CC4FB5E39C7" box="[1102,1279,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Spelaeobochica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: eyes absent, rallum of 4‒6 dentate blades, pedipalps slender, femur with a tubercle present on lateral side near distal end, accessory teeth present on both palpal fingers, legs slender. It differs from the other members of genus
<taxonomicName id="73ADEDB6FF83FFEFFF125BA6FEE93EE9" authorityName="Mahnert" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,328,223,248]" class="Arachnida" family="Bochicidae" genus="Spelaeobochica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFF125BA6FEE93EE9" box="[151,328,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Spelaeobochica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of characters: pedipalps finely granulate, scaly-reticulate, elongate (femur 11.2‒12.0, patella 7.6‒8.8, chela 7.9‒8.9 times longer than broad); small tooth-like protuberances present on femur and patella; a tooth-like protuberance present on paraxial side of chelal hand near base of fixed finger; anterior margin of carapace with a slight angular shape or, more rarely, smoothly rounded; trichobothrium
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFABF5A34FAF83F75" box="[1338,1369,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">est</emphasis>
distal with respect to
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFEC65A08FEF73F99" box="[323,342,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">st</emphasis>
on movable finger;
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFDBD5A16FDF83F99" box="[568,601,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">isb</emphasis>
much nearer to level of
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFCEE5A16FC253F99" box="[875,900,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">sb</emphasis>
than to that of
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFBAB5A16FBFB3F99" box="[1070,1114,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">esb.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7C5BEFF83FFEAFF425AEDFB3A3B1D" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="592" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" type="description">
<paragraph id="B4129635FF83FFEFFF425AEDFA313FE4" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFF425AEDFE1E3FBC" bold="true" box="[199,447,404,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Description of adults</emphasis>
(male, followed by female in parentheses, when different). Troglomorphic habitus (
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF83FFEFFAEF5AEDFF623FC1" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1275,1298]" captionTargetBox="[188,1402,577,1232]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,555,1252]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n. 1, habitus of female; 2, habitus of male.Scale bar 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209662/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Figs 1‒2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF83FFEFFF575AC1FF503FC1" box="[210,241,440,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,197,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[162,1426,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Distribution and habitat of Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n. 15, map of South America with Brazil and Minas Gerais state highlighted; 16, map of Minas Gerais state showing placement of the Bambuí Group and the municipality of Ibiracatu; 17, karstic landscape in the region of Ibiracatu; 18, aspect of the single entrance of Lapa do Baianinho cave; 19, sketch of Lapa do Baianinho cave, showing distribution of the specimens (red dots) observed during sampling; 20, inner portion of Lapa do Baianinho cave; 21, live specimen in its natural habitat." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209668/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">21</figureCitation>
). Pedipalps, carapace, chelicerae, coxae and first tergites reddish brown; other parts of body yellowish brown. Tergites and sternites lightly sclerotized along anterior margin. Vestitural setae smooth, delicate, and long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D2C6BDFF83FFEFFF125F82FB133B03" box="[151,1202,1275,1298]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209662/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" startId="2.[151,264,1275,1298]" targetBox="[188,1402,577,1232]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="B4129635FF83FFEFFF125F82FB133B03" blockId="2.[151,1202,1275,1298]" box="[151,1202,1275,1298]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFF125F82FE9B3B00" bold="true" box="[151,314,1275,1298]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">FIGURES 1–2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73ADEDB6FF83FFEFFEC55F85FD8E3B03" authority="Viana &amp; Souza &amp; Ferreira, 2018" authorityName="Viana &amp; Souza &amp; Ferreira" authorityYear="2018" box="[320,559,1276,1298]" class="Arachnida" family="Bochicidae" genus="Spelaeobochica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goliath" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFEC55F85FD8E3B03" box="[320,559,1276,1298]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Spelaeobochica goliath</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEAF75CFF83FFEFFDB05F85FDCF3B00" box="[565,622,1276,1297]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" rank="species">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFDB05F85FDCF3B00" bold="true" box="[565,622,1276,1297]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">sp. n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
1, habitus of female; 2, habitus of male. Scale bar 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF83FFEFFF425E46FE8B381A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1342,2015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFF425E46FE9C3B47" box="[199,317,1343,1366]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Carapace.</emphasis>
1.8 (1.7) times longer than broad, broadest at level of leg I, then slightly narrowed to base; anterior margin with a slight angular shape (more rarely, smoothly rounded) (
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF83FFEFFC465E1AFBAB3B6A" box="[963,1034,1379,1404]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[194,1424,390,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,349,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3–7. Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n. 3, detail of male carapace, arrow points to the slightly prominent tip of the medial portion ofthe anterior margin, scalebar 0.10 mm; 4, lateroventralview of left chelicera of female,scale bar 0.25 mm; 5, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of male, scale bar 0.15 mm; 6, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of female, scale bar 0.15 mm; 7, rallum of left chelicera of female, scale bar 0.075 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209664/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
); without epistome; surface scalyreticulate, with a broad reticulate transverse band near posterior margin where the reticulation is denser; a weak, laterodorsal, transverse depression also present near posterior margin; eyes absent; 77 setae (9 on anterior margin and 9 on posterior margin) (71‒84); anterior margin with 7 (6‒8) acute microtubercles, and a few more scattered on the carapace.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF83FFEFFF425D6FFA3D393A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1342,2015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFF425D6FFE94383E" box="[199,309,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Chelicera</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF83FFEFFEC05D6FFE29383E" box="[325,392,1558,1583]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[194,1424,390,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,349,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3–7. Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n. 3, detail of male carapace, arrow points to the slightly prominent tip of the medial portion ofthe anterior margin, scalebar 0.10 mm; 4, lateroventralview of left chelicera of female,scale bar 0.25 mm; 5, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of male, scale bar 0.15 mm; 6, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of female, scale bar 0.15 mm; 7, rallum of left chelicera of female, scale bar 0.075 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209664/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Scaly-reticulate; with 11 (11‒13) dorsal and 3 lateroventral setae on hand; fixed finger with 11 (11‒15) teeth, the 4 distal ones larger (second tooth minute in
<specimenCount id="A2AB5DBCFF83FFEFFC275D45FC163842" box="[930,951,1596,1619]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="6B162897FF83FFEFFC475D45FB833845" box="[962,1058,1596,1620]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
4, the 5 distal ones larger in
<specimenCount id="A2AB5DBCFF83FFEFFA025D45FA3D3842" box="[1415,1436,1596,1619]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="6B162897FF83FFEFFF125D19FF563869" box="[151,247,1632,1656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
1); movable finger with 5 (4‒5) acute teeth, the most proximal one minute in comparison to other teeth, third proximal tooth bifurcate, and a laterally displaced subterminal tooth, contiguous with the other teeth (bifurcation present on this tooth in female
<typeStatus id="6B162897FF83FFEFFD1F5DD1FD5B38D1" box="[666,762,1704,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
2); galea simple, slender and acute; tip of subgaleal seta reaching past tip of galea; serrula exterior with 32 (32‒33) blades, serrula interior with 23 (22‒25) blades; rallum (
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF83FFEFFF1A5D97FF433916" box="[159,226,1774,1799]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[194,1424,390,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,349,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3–7. Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n. 3, detail of male carapace, arrow points to the slightly prominent tip of the medial portion ofthe anterior margin, scalebar 0.10 mm; 4, lateroventralview of left chelicera of female,scale bar 0.25 mm; 5, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of male, scale bar 0.15 mm; 6, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of female, scale bar 0.15 mm; 7, rallum of left chelicera of female, scale bar 0.075 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209664/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) with 4 apically denticulate blades (denticulation more pronounced on distal blade), distal blade longer than other blades and with 5 (4‒5) terminal denticles (the first and last slightly longer), the two distal blades closely set.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF83FFEFFF425C41FD253986" blockId="2.[151,1437,1342,2015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFF425C41FE86395E" box="[199,295,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Tergites.</emphasis>
Undivided, scaly-reticulate; chaetotaxy
<date id="C013B0F5FF83FFEFFD715C41FCE2395E" box="[756,835,1848,1871]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">I‒XI 7</date>
: 7: 9: 11: 12: 11: 14: 13: 13: 11: 6 (6‒7: 6‒8: 9‒11: 11‒12: 11‒14: 11‒12: 11‒13: 13‒16: 12‒15: 10‒12: 5‒7). Anal cone with one pair of small dorsal setae. Pleural membranes smoothly, longitudinally striate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF83FFEEFF425CDDFF623F0D" blockId="2.[151,1437,1342,2015]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,284]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="588" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF83FFEFFF425CDDFEB739AA" box="[199,278,1956,1979]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Coxae.</emphasis>
Manducatory process acute, with 6 setae (some
<typeStatus id="6B162897FF83FFEFFCB25CDDFC0339AD" box="[823,930,1956,1980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
with 5 setae on one side and 6 on the other): 2 apical marginal setae of unequal length (the distal one longer), 2 discal setae (both long, but distal one slightly longer), and 2 short basal setae; palpal coxae scaly-reticulate, with several tiny pores, 12 (10‒14) setae (those of manducatory process not included); leg coxae scaly-reticulate, with a small lyrifissure next to foramen margin, several tiny pores present (number decreases from I to IV), setae
<date id="C013B0F5FF82FFEEFCFD5B99FC363EE9" box="[888,919,224,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="588">I 8</date>
(6‒9),
<date id="C013B0F5FF82FFEEFC6F5B99FB8F3EE9" box="[1002,1070,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="588">II 6‒7</date>
(4‒7),
<date id="C013B0F5FF82FFEEFB045B99FB6F3EE9" box="[1153,1230,224,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="588">III 7‒8</date>
(6‒8),
<date id="C013B0F5FF82FFEEFAA45B99FAC03EE9" box="[1313,1377,224,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="588" value="2011-04">IV 11</date>
(10‒ 13).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D2C6BDFF82FFEEFF125C35FBDD39AE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209664/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="588" startId="3.[151,264,1868,1891]" targetBox="[194,1424,390,1812]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="B4129635FF82FFEEFF125C35FBDD39AE" blockId="3.[151,1436,1868,1983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="588">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF82FFEEFF125C35FE9C3973" bold="true" box="[151,317,1868,1891]" pageId="3" pageNumber="588">FIGURES 3–7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73ADEDB6FF82FFEEFEC35C34FD963972" authority="Viana &amp; Souza &amp; Ferreira, 2018" authorityName="Viana &amp; Souza &amp; Ferreira" authorityYear="2018" box="[326,567,1869,1891]" class="Arachnida" family="Bochicidae" genus="Spelaeobochica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="3" pageNumber="588" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goliath" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF82FFEEFEC35C34FD963972" box="[326,567,1869,1891]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="588">Spelaeobochica goliath</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEAF75CFF82FFEEFDC55C34FDDD3973" box="[576,636,1869,1890]" pageId="3" pageNumber="588" rank="species">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF82FFEEFDC55C34FDDD3973" bold="true" box="[576,636,1869,1890]" pageId="3" pageNumber="588">sp. n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
3, detail of male carapace, arrow points to the slightly prominent tip of the medial portion of the anterior margin, scale bar 0.10 mm; 4, lateroventral view of left chelicera of female, scale bar 0.25 mm; 5, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of male, scale bar 0.15 mm; 6, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of female, scale bar 0.15 mm; 7, rallum of left chelicera of female, scale bar 0.075 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF425BEEFDE83EC4" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF425BEEFE523EA1" box="[199,499,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Genital operculum of male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF85FFE9FD865BEEFDE63EA1" box="[515,583,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[194,1424,390,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,349,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3–7. Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n. 3, detail of male carapace, arrow points to the slightly prominent tip of the medial portion ofthe anterior margin, scalebar 0.10 mm; 4, lateroventralview of left chelicera of female,scale bar 0.25 mm; 5, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of male, scale bar 0.15 mm; 6, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of female, scale bar 0.15 mm; 7, rallum of left chelicera of female, scale bar 0.075 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209664/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Scaly-reticulate; with 12 anterior setae and 23 posterior and median setae, a pair of lyrifissures present anteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF425BA6FDEF3F75" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF425BA6FECE3EE9" box="[199,367,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Male sternites.</emphasis>
III with 10 anterior setae, 13 posterior setae and 3 suprastigmal setae on each site, IV with 11 posterior setae and 2 suprastigmal setae on each side, formula for V‒XI: 12: 14: 13: 13: 11: 13: 6. Anal cone with 1 pair of small ventral setae. Sternites III‒IX with 2‒4 medial lyrifissures; one lyrifissure present on each side of anterolateral zone of sternites V‒XI.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF425A16FC093FC1" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF425A16FDAB3F99" box="[199,522,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Genital operculum of female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF85FFE9FD9F5A16FDFC3F99" box="[538,605,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[194,1424,390,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,349,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3–7. Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n. 3, detail of male carapace, arrow points to the slightly prominent tip of the medial portion ofthe anterior margin, scalebar 0.10 mm; 4, lateroventralview of left chelicera of female,scale bar 0.25 mm; 5, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of male, scale bar 0.15 mm; 6, genital operculum and median portion of sternite III of female, scale bar 0.15 mm; 7, rallum of left chelicera of female, scale bar 0.075 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209664/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Scaly-reticulate; with 8‒14 marginal setae, a pair of lyrifissures present anteriorly (female
<typeStatus id="6B162897FF85FFE9FEE25AECFE733FBC" box="[359,466,405,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
3 and 4 have only one lyrifissure); central genital structure of female sclerotized, with a median finger-like prolongation; lateral cribrate plates not observed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF425AA5FEE23CB6" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF425AA5FE253FE5" box="[199,388,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Female sternites</emphasis>
. Scaly-reticulate; III with 16‒20 posterior setae and 3 suprastigmal setae on each side, IV with 10‒12 posterior setae and 2 suprastigmal setae on each side, formula for
<date id="C013B0F5FF85FFE9FB975979FB003C09" box="[1042,1185,512,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" value="2013-05-14" valueMax="2013-11-14" valueMin="2013-05-14">V‒XI 13‒14</date>
: 13‒15: 13‒15: 12‒ 15: 13‒15: 11‒14: 6‒7. Anal cone with 1 pair of small ventral setae. A pair of lyrifissures present medially on sternites III‒IX (except for sternites V, VI, VIII and X in
<typeStatus id="6B162897FF85FFE9FC985931FCDC3C71" box="[797,893,584,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
4, which have 3, 3, 3 and 1 lyrifissure; sternites V and VII presenting 3 lyrifissures in
<typeStatus id="6B162897FF85FFE9FDD35914FD173C94" box="[598,694,621,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
5); one lyrifissure present on each side of anterolateral zone of sternites V‒XI.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF4259CDFACB3AB1" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF4259CDFE8D3CDC" box="[199,300,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Pedipalp</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF85FFE9FEBA59CDFE433CDD" box="[319,482,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES8–14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[175,1424,210,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1814]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES8–14. Spelaeobochica goliathsp.n.8,leftpedipalp offemale,arrows point tolateral tubercles of femur and patella, scale bar 1 mm; 9, left chela of female, showing trichobothrial pattern and part of dentition (three rows of teeth overlapping), scale bar 1 mm; 10, ventral view of right chela of male, arrow points to tooth-like protuberance on paraxial side near base of fixed finger, scalebar 1 mm;11, left leg I of male, scalebar 1 mm;12, detail of telotarsus of leg IVof male, scalebar 0.15 mm; 13, antiaxiodorsal view of part of movable finger of left chela of female, showing the three rows of teeth, scale bar 0.20 mm; 14, left leg IV of male, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209666/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Figs 8‒10, 13</figureCitation>
). Trochanter finely granulate and scaly-reticulate; femur with a weak tubercle on antiaxial side near distal end (
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF85FFE9FE6859AEFD933CE1" box="[493,562,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES8–14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[175,1424,210,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1814]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES8–14. Spelaeobochica goliathsp.n.8,leftpedipalp offemale,arrows point tolateral tubercles of femur and patella, scale bar 1 mm; 9, left chela of female, showing trichobothrial pattern and part of dentition (three rows of teeth overlapping), scale bar 1 mm; 10, ventral view of right chela of male, arrow points to tooth-like protuberance on paraxial side near base of fixed finger, scalebar 1 mm;11, left leg I of male, scalebar 1 mm;12, detail of telotarsus of leg IVof male, scalebar 0.15 mm; 13, antiaxiodorsal view of part of movable finger of left chela of female, showing the three rows of teeth, scale bar 0.20 mm; 14, left leg IV of male, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209666/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
, arrowed), finely granulate and scaly-reticulate, with a series of small toothlike protuberances; patella with a tubercle on paraxial side near end of pedicel (
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF85FFE9FBA65985FBC93D05" box="[1059,1128,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES8–14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[175,1424,210,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1814]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES8–14. Spelaeobochica goliathsp.n.8,leftpedipalp offemale,arrows point tolateral tubercles of femur and patella, scale bar 1 mm; 9, left chela of female, showing trichobothrial pattern and part of dentition (three rows of teeth overlapping), scale bar 1 mm; 10, ventral view of right chela of male, arrow points to tooth-like protuberance on paraxial side near base of fixed finger, scalebar 1 mm;11, left leg I of male, scalebar 1 mm;12, detail of telotarsus of leg IVof male, scalebar 0.15 mm; 13, antiaxiodorsal view of part of movable finger of left chela of female, showing the three rows of teeth, scale bar 0.20 mm; 14, left leg IV of male, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209666/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
, arrowed), finely granulate and scaly-reticulate, covered with small tooth-like protuberances; hand with pedicel scaly-reticulate, a tooth-like protuberance on paraxial side near base of fixed finger (
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF85FFE9FC94583DFCC43D4D" box="[785,869,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES8–14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[175,1424,210,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1814]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES8–14. Spelaeobochica goliathsp.n.8,leftpedipalp offemale,arrows point tolateral tubercles of femur and patella, scale bar 1 mm; 9, left chela of female, showing trichobothrial pattern and part of dentition (three rows of teeth overlapping), scale bar 1 mm; 10, ventral view of right chela of male, arrow points to tooth-like protuberance on paraxial side near base of fixed finger, scalebar 1 mm;11, left leg I of male, scalebar 1 mm;12, detail of telotarsus of leg IVof male, scalebar 0.15 mm; 13, antiaxiodorsal view of part of movable finger of left chela of female, showing the three rows of teeth, scale bar 0.20 mm; 14, left leg IV of male, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209666/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
, arrowed). Fixed finger with 103 (102‒116) teeth, arranged in three rows: 69 (69‒81) ordinary, acute, mostly contiguous teeth (sometimes irregularly spaced); paraxial row of 25 (22‒28) accessory teeth; antiaxial row of 9 (7‒11) accessory teeth, located in distal half. Movable finger with 109 (105‒118) teeth, arranged in three rows (
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF85FFE9FC1B58D6FC553DD9" box="[926,1012,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES8–14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[175,1424,210,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1814]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES8–14. Spelaeobochica goliathsp.n.8,leftpedipalp offemale,arrows point tolateral tubercles of femur and patella, scale bar 1 mm; 9, left chela of female, showing trichobothrial pattern and part of dentition (three rows of teeth overlapping), scale bar 1 mm; 10, ventral view of right chela of male, arrow points to tooth-like protuberance on paraxial side near base of fixed finger, scalebar 1 mm;11, left leg I of male, scalebar 1 mm;12, detail of telotarsus of leg IVof male, scalebar 0.15 mm; 13, antiaxiodorsal view of part of movable finger of left chela of female, showing the three rows of teeth, scale bar 0.20 mm; 14, left leg IV of male, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209666/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
): 78 (78‒87) ordinary, acute, mostly contiguous teeth (sometimes irregularly spaced); paraxial row of 21 (20‒24) accessory teeth; antiaxial row of 10 (7‒11) accessory teeth, located in distal half. Paraxial accessory teeth of both fingers slightly larger than the ordinary and antiaxial accessory teeth. Venom apparatus well developed in both fingers, venom duct extends along the distal fourth of both fingers,
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FD8C5F46FD123A49" box="[521,691,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">nodus ramosus</emphasis>
distal to
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FC985F38FC963A49" box="[797,823,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">ist</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FCF45F38FC253A49" box="[881,900,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">st</emphasis>
(about 60 µm from
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FBE95F38FB263A49" box="[1132,1159,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">ist</emphasis>
and about 300 µm from
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF125F1CFF0B3A6D" box="[151,170,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">st</emphasis>
). Trichobothria (
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF85FFE9FEEB5F1DFE173A6D" box="[366,438,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES8–14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[175,1424,210,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1814]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES8–14. Spelaeobochica goliathsp.n.8,leftpedipalp offemale,arrows point tolateral tubercles of femur and patella, scale bar 1 mm; 9, left chela of female, showing trichobothrial pattern and part of dentition (three rows of teeth overlapping), scale bar 1 mm; 10, ventral view of right chela of male, arrow points to tooth-like protuberance on paraxial side near base of fixed finger, scalebar 1 mm;11, left leg I of male, scalebar 1 mm;12, detail of telotarsus of leg IVof male, scalebar 0.15 mm; 13, antiaxiodorsal view of part of movable finger of left chela of female, showing the three rows of teeth, scale bar 0.20 mm; 14, left leg IV of male, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209666/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
):
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FE4B5F1DFE453A6C" box="[462,484,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">ib</emphasis>
in distal half of hand dorsum;
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FCCA5F1CFCC83A6D" box="[847,873,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">ist</emphasis>
distal to
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FC5C5F1CFC593A6D" box="[985,1016,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">est</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FB8F5F1CFB883A6D" box="[1034,1065,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">est</emphasis>
distal to level of
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FB7C5F1CFAAD3A6D" box="[1273,1292,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">st</emphasis>
on movable finger;
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF6D5FFEFEA83AB1" box="[232,265,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">isb</emphasis>
much nearer to level of
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FD9E5FFEFD953AB1" box="[539,564,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">sb</emphasis>
than to that of
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FD5B5FFEFCA23AB1" box="[734,771,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">esb</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FC975FF0FC833AB1" box="[786,802,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">it</emphasis>
indistinctly distal to
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FB8B5FF0FB833AB1" box="[1038,1058,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">et</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FBB45FFEFB2F3AB1" box="[1073,1166,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">b-sb-st-t</emphasis>
almost equidistant.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF425FD4FD273AD4" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" box="[199,646,1196,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF425FD4FEA03AD5" box="[199,257,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Leg I</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF85FFE9FE955FD5FEC33AD5" box="[272,354,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES8–14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[175,1424,210,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1814]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES8–14. Spelaeobochica goliathsp.n.8,leftpedipalp offemale,arrows point tolateral tubercles of femur and patella, scale bar 1 mm; 9, left chela of female, showing trichobothrial pattern and part of dentition (three rows of teeth overlapping), scale bar 1 mm; 10, ventral view of right chela of male, arrow points to tooth-like protuberance on paraxial side near base of fixed finger, scalebar 1 mm;11, left leg I of male, scalebar 1 mm;12, detail of telotarsus of leg IVof male, scalebar 0.15 mm; 13, antiaxiodorsal view of part of movable finger of left chela of female, showing the three rows of teeth, scale bar 0.20 mm; 14, left leg IV of male, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209666/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). Surface scaly-reticulate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF425FA8FC363B1C" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF425FA8FEB23AF9" box="[199,275,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Leg IV</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF85FFE9FEA75FB6FE073AF9" box="[290,422,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES8–14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[175,1424,210,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1814]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES8–14. Spelaeobochica goliathsp.n.8,leftpedipalp offemale,arrows point tolateral tubercles of femur and patella, scale bar 1 mm; 9, left chela of female, showing trichobothrial pattern and part of dentition (three rows of teeth overlapping), scale bar 1 mm; 10, ventral view of right chela of male, arrow points to tooth-like protuberance on paraxial side near base of fixed finger, scalebar 1 mm;11, left leg I of male, scalebar 1 mm;12, detail of telotarsus of leg IVof male, scalebar 0.15 mm; 13, antiaxiodorsal view of part of movable finger of left chela of female, showing the three rows of teeth, scale bar 0.20 mm; 14, left leg IV of male, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209666/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Figs 12, 14</figureCitation>
). Surface scaly-reticulate. Subterminal setae of tarsus finely dentate apically; some tactile setae present; arolia undivided and shorter than claws, latter smooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF425E60FCDA3B21" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" box="[199,891,1303,1328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
Measurements and proportions of all specimens as in
<tableCitation id="F92FA38EFF85FFE9FCA45E6EFCD43B21" box="[801,885,1303,1328]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (in mm) and proportions (length/breadth or, for legs, length/depth) of body parts of Spelaeobochicagoliath sp. n." pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF425E45FDD73B69" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF425E45FDBA3B44" bold="true" box="[199,539,1340,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Description of deutonymph.</emphasis>
Paler than adult (whitish), with fingers of pedipalps and chelicerae light red. Vestitural setae smooth, delicate, and long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF425EFCFE683BD1" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF425EFCFE9C3B8D" box="[199,317,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Carapace.</emphasis>
1.5 times longer than broad; surface slightly scaly-reticulate; with 35 setae (6 on anterior margin and 5 on posterior margin).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF425EB5FABF3889" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF425EB5FE9C3BF4" box="[199,317,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Chelicera.</emphasis>
Slightly scaly-reticulate; with 7 dorsal setae and 1 lateroventral seta on hand; fixed finger with 9 acute teeth; movable finger with 4 acute teeth, the first and fourth teeth smaller than the others, and a laterally displaced subterminal tooth, contiguous with the remaining teeth; galea simple, slender and acute; tip of subgaleal seta not reaching past tip of galea; serrula exterior with 22 blades, serrula interior with 16 blades; rallum of 4 apically denticulate blades (denticulation is more pronounced on distal blade), distal blade longer than the others and with 5 small terminal denticulations (first and last slightly longer), the two distal blades closely set.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF425DDCFCCA38F1" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF425DDCFE8638AD" box="[199,295,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Tergites.</emphasis>
Slightly scaly-reticulate; chaetotaxy
<date id="C013B0F5FF85FFE9FD4D5DDCFCB638AD" box="[712,791,1700,1724]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">I‒XI 4</date>
: 4: 6: 6: 7: 8: 7: 7: 8: 8: 4. Anal cone with 1 pair of small dorsal setae. Pleural membranes smoothly, longitudinally striate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF425D94FC6B3961" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF425D94FEB73915" box="[199,278,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Coxae.</emphasis>
Manducatory process acute, with 4 setae: 2 apical marginal setae of unequal sizes (distal one longer), 1 long discal seta, and 1 shorter, more basal seta; palpal coxae slightly scaly-reticulate (different from adults), with several tiny pores, 6 setae (those of manducatory process not included); leg coxae with several tiny pores (number decreases from I to IV), coxae I‒IV with 4, 4, 3 and 4 setae, respectively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF85FFE9FF425C04FF7739A9" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF85FFE9FF425C04FE8E3985" box="[199,303,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">Sternites.</emphasis>
Slightly scaly-reticulate; chaetotaxy: 1: 6: 9: 8: 8: 7: 7: 7: 8: 3. Anal cone with 1 pair of small ventral setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D2C6BDFF84FFE8FF125C52FD8739CA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209666/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" startId="5.[151,264,1835,1858]" targetBox="[175,1424,210,1804]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="B4129635FF84FFE8FF125C52FD8739CA" blockId="5.[151,1436,1835,2011]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF84FFE8FF125C52FEE73950" bold="true" box="[151,326,1835,1858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">FIGURES 8–14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73ADEDB6FF84FFE8FEC95C55FD9B3953" authority="Viana &amp; Souza &amp; Ferreira, 2018" authorityName="Viana &amp; Souza &amp; Ferreira" authorityYear="2018" box="[332,570,1836,1858]" class="Arachnida" family="Bochicidae" genus="Spelaeobochica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goliath" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF84FFE8FEC95C55FD9B3953" box="[332,570,1836,1858]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">Spelaeobochica goliath</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEAF75CFF84FFE8FDBA5C55FDD93950" box="[575,632,1836,1857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" rank="species">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF84FFE8FDBA5C55FDD93950" bold="true" box="[575,632,1836,1857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">sp. n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
8, left pedipalp of female, arrows point to lateral tubercles of femur and patella, scale bar 1 mm; 9, left chela of female, showing trichobothrial pattern and part of dentition (three rows of teeth overlapping), scale bar 1 mm; 10, ventral view of right chela of male, arrow points to tooth-like protuberance on paraxial side near base of fixed finger, scale bar 1 mm; 11, left leg I of male, scale bar 1 mm; 12, detail of telotarsus of leg IV of male, scale bar 0.1 5 mm; 13, antiaxiodorsal view of part of movable finger of left chela of female, showing the three rows of teeth, scale bar 0.20 mm; 14, left leg IV of male, scale bar 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E0D2C6BDFF87FFEBFF125C37FC2F39F1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209668/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" startId="6.[151,264,1870,1893]" targetBox="[162,1426,197,1845]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="B4129635FF87FFEBFF125C37FC2F39F1" blockId="6.[151,1436,1870,2016]" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF87FFEBFF125C37FEEC3975" bold="true" box="[151,333,1870,1893]" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">FIGURES 15–21</emphasis>
. Distribution and habitat of
<taxonomicName id="73ADEDB6FF87FFEBFDEB5C36FCFC3974" authority="Viana &amp; Souza &amp; Ferreira, 2018" authorityName="Viana &amp; Souza &amp; Ferreira" authorityYear="2018" box="[622,861,1871,1893]" class="Arachnida" family="Bochicidae" genus="Spelaeobochica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goliath" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF87FFEBFDEB5C36FCFC3974" box="[622,861,1871,1893]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">Spelaeobochica goliath</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEAF75CFF87FFEBFCE15C36FC3C3975" box="[868,925,1871,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" rank="species">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF87FFEBFCE15C36FC3C3975" bold="true" box="[868,925,1871,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">sp. n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
15, map of South America with Brazil and Minas Gerais state highlighted; 16, map of Minas Gerais state showing placement of the Bambuí Group and the municipality of Ibiracatu; 17, karstic landscape in the region of Ibiracatu; 18, aspect of the single entrance of Lapa do Baianinho cave; 19, sketch of Lapa do Baianinho cave, showing distribution of the specimens (red dots) observed during sampling; 20, inner portion of Lapa do Baianinho cave; 21, live specimen in its natural habitat.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF86FFEAFF425BEEFAFA3F99" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF86FFEAFF425BEEFE9F3EA1" box="[199,318,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Pedipalps.</emphasis>
Trochanter finely granulate and scaly-reticulate (less granulate and less reticulate than adult); femur with a weak tubercle on antiaxial side near distal end, slightly granulate and scaly-reticulate, tooth-like protuberances absent; patella with a slight tubercle (less pronounced than in adults) on paraxial side near end of pedicel, slightly granulate and scaly-reticulate, without tooth-like protuberances; hand with pedicel slightly scalyreticulate; as in adults, a tooth-like protuberance is present on paraxial side near base of fixed finger. Trichobothria
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF86FFEAFF125A34FF0B3F75" box="[151,170,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">st</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF86FFEAFF325A35FF713F74" box="[183,208,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">sb</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF86FFEAFF5B5A35FEA23F74" box="[222,259,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">esb</emphasis>
, and
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF86FFEAFEC55A35FEC03F74" box="[320,353,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">isb</emphasis>
absent. Fixed finger with 38 teeth, including a paraxial row of 7 accessory teeth. Movable finger with 37 teeth, including a paraxial row of 4 accessory teeth. Antiaxial accessory teeth absent on both fingers.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF86FFEAFF425AECFA253FBC" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[199,1412,404,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF86FFEAFF425AECFEA03FBD" box="[199,257,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Leg I</emphasis>
. Surface slightly scaly-reticulate. Division between basitarsus and telotarsus less visible than in adults.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF86FFEAFF425AC0FD9A3C09" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF86FFEAFF425AC0FEB93FC1" box="[199,280,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Leg IV.</emphasis>
Surface slightly scaly-reticulate. Division between basitarsus and telotarsus less visible than in adults. Subterminal setae finely dentate apically (similar to those of adults); some tactile setae present; arolia undivided and shorter than claws, latter smooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF86FFEAFF42595CFD1F3C2D" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[199,702,548,573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">
Measurements and proportions as in
<tableCitation id="F92FA38EFF86FFEAFDE1595DFD163C2D" box="[612,695,548,573]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (in mm) and proportions (length/breadth or, for legs, length/depth) of body parts of Spelaeobochicagoliath sp. n." pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4129635FF86FFEAFF42593EFE793A1E" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF86FFEAFF42593EFE823C71" bold="true" box="[199,291,583,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Habitat</emphasis>
. Baianinho cave is a single-conduit cave presenting around 600 meters of horizontal projection (
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF86FFEAFAEA593EFF163C95" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,197,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[162,1426,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Distribution and habitat of Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n. 15, map of South America with Brazil and Minas Gerais state highlighted; 16, map of Minas Gerais state showing placement of the Bambuí Group and the municipality of Ibiracatu; 17, karstic landscape in the region of Ibiracatu; 18, aspect of the single entrance of Lapa do Baianinho cave; 19, sketch of Lapa do Baianinho cave, showing distribution of the specimens (red dots) observed during sampling; 20, inner portion of Lapa do Baianinho cave; 21, live specimen in its natural habitat." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209668/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
). It has a single entrance and is a predominantly dry cave, especially the first 220 meters from the entrance (
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF86FFEAFAEA5915FF173CB9" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,197,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[162,1426,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Distribution and habitat of Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n. 15, map of South America with Brazil and Minas Gerais state highlighted; 16, map of Minas Gerais state showing placement of the Bambuí Group and the municipality of Ibiracatu; 17, karstic landscape in the region of Ibiracatu; 18, aspect of the single entrance of Lapa do Baianinho cave; 19, sketch of Lapa do Baianinho cave, showing distribution of the specimens (red dots) observed during sampling; 20, inner portion of Lapa do Baianinho cave; 21, live specimen in its natural habitat." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209668/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
). From this point on, a constriction of the cave conduit causes the innermost part of the cave to be more isolated and consequently more humid. Specimens of
<taxonomicName id="73ADEDB6FF86FFEAFD1259CCFCA53CDC" authority="Viana &amp; Souza &amp; Ferreira, 2018" authorityName="Viana &amp; Souza &amp; Ferreira" authorityYear="2018" box="[663,772,692,717]" class="Arachnida" family="Bochicidae" genus="Spelaeobochica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goliath" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF86FFEAFD1259CCFCA53CDC" box="[663,772,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">S. goliath</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEAF75CFF86FFEAFC8F59CDFCEB3CDC" box="[778,842,692,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" rank="species">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF86FFEAFC8F59CDFCEB3CDC" bold="true" box="[778,842,692,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">sp. n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
were only observed in this moister (and deeper) part of the cave. A total of
<specimenCount id="A2AB5DBCFF86FFEAFE1B59A1FD993CE1" box="[414,568,727,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" type="generic">32 specimens</specimenCount>
was observed in a single afternoon, thus indicating the considerable size of their population (
<figureCitation id="2C968AB0FF86FFEAFEDA5985FE173D05" box="[351,438,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,197,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[162,1426,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Distribution and habitat of Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n. 15, map of South America with Brazil and Minas Gerais state highlighted; 16, map of Minas Gerais state showing placement of the Bambuí Group and the municipality of Ibiracatu; 17, karstic landscape in the region of Ibiracatu; 18, aspect of the single entrance of Lapa do Baianinho cave; 19, sketch of Lapa do Baianinho cave, showing distribution of the specimens (red dots) observed during sampling; 20, inner portion of Lapa do Baianinho cave; 21, live specimen in its natural habitat." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1209668/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
). However, given the endemicity of this species and the lack of information about its population status, we decided not to collect all the observed specimens. It is noteworthy that all other species of
<taxonomicName id="73ADEDB6FF86FFEAFF12583DFEE93D4C" authorityName="Mahnert" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,328,836,861]" class="Arachnida" family="Bochicidae" genus="Spelaeobochica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF86FFEAFF12583DFEE93D4C" box="[151,328,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Spelaeobochica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appear to occur in low densities, it being extremely rare to observe more than one or two specimens in a single visit to the caves in which they occur (R.L. Ferreira, unpubl. obs.). Hence, the number of observed specimens in Baianinho cave is quite unusual for the genus, and is probably related to the huge amount of potential prey available, especially immature crickets of the genus
<taxonomicName id="73ADEDB6FF86FFEAFCFA58D6FB3F3DD9" authority="Saussure, 1878" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1878" box="[895,1182,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Phalangopsidae" genus="Endecous" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86D94A27FF86FFEAFCFA58D6FC4D3DD9" box="[895,1004,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Endecous</emphasis>
Saussure, 1878
</taxonomicName>
, which are widespread and abundant in the deeper portion of the cave. The crickets, in turn, feed on bat guano, which forms the main organic resource in the cave.
</paragraph>
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Adults of
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were mainly found walking on the surface of rocks or speleothems, while the immatures were more commonly observed under rocks, seemingly sheltering themselves. Given the apparent climatic stability of the deeper portion of the cave (where they were observed), this sheltering behavior could represent protection against predators (especially spiders) or a more specific microclimate requirement of the immatures, or both.
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Reboleira
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(2010)
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also observed spatial segregation between adults and nymphs of
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, stating that the adults were always found in deep portions of the caves, whereas the nymphs were collected in galleries closer to the surface, with a high accumulation of organic matter.
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Key to species of
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(modified from
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Ratton
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2012
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1 With two tiny, lateroventral tubercles on each side of carapace; pedipalps: femur 4.1–4.2 times longer than broad, chela with pedicel 4.1–4.2 times longer than broad; leg IV: femur+patella 3.8 times longer than broad................
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<keyLead id="0F5C3500FF80FFECFF125FEEFA3A3ADB" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">- Without tubercles on each side of carapace; pedipalps: femur&gt; 4.2 times longer than broad, chela with pedicel&gt; 4.2 times longer than broad; leg IV: femur+patella&gt; 3.8 times longer than broad.............................................. 2</keyLead>
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2 Rallum of 6 dentate blades; pedipalps: hand without a tooth-like protuberance on paraxial side near base of fixed finger, femur and patella without tooth-like protuberances, femur 12.5–13.3 times longer than broad; leg IV: femur+patella 9.4–9.5 times longer than broad............................................................................
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<keyLead id="0F5C3500FF80FFECFF125E53FA3A3B6B" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">- Rallum of 4 dentate blades; pedipalps: hand with a tooth-like protuberance on paraxial side near base of fixed finger, femur and patella with small tooth-like protuberances, femur 7.8–12.0 times longer than broad; leg IV: femur+patella 4.2–8.6 times longer than broad...................................................................................... 3</keyLead>
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3 Pedipalps: femur 7.8–8.3 times longer than broad, chela with pedicel 6.1–6.9 times longer than broad, trichobothrium
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proximal with respect to
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in basal position much nearer to
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than to level of
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; leg IV: femur+patella 4.2–6.2 times longer than broad......................................................................
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- Pedipalps: femur 11.2–12.0 times longer than broad, chela with pedicel 7.9–8.9 times longer than broad, trichobothrium
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distal with respect to
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on movable finger,
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in a position much nearer to level of
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than to
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; leg IV: femur+patella 8.0– 8.6 times longer than broad..................................................................
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DBF0EE99-1E3D-496D-AE1C-A5E290E3850A" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sirtalis" status="spec. nov." zbkClass="Amphibia" zbkKingdom="Animalia" zbkOrder="Serpentes">Coluber sirtalis</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis italics="true">Kalm.</emphasis>
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<emphasis italics="true">Habitat in</emphasis>
Canada.
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<emphasis italics="true">Vittae tres viridi-caerulescentes in corpore</emphasis>
fusco tenui striato.
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<paragraph id="EBC548EB0459DDE3428144771E784F5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="10948">Biogeographical Realm: Palearctic</paragraph>
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<mods:roleTerm id="5A5D3277DF11189C600C4F89817575B2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0B1A1D2F532FB03BC22F83043238D425">Dick, Matthew H.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5E883BA500295AC3AE57AA3A4DB330A5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0F13DBB4287283C1F556542C1888EE70">
<mods:roleTerm id="FCB948BD2CFCE71D147F7B72D6267876">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B595503AD5E3EA2B1DD1393AAAF3B361">Tilbrook, Kevin J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="23B7049E115F5617D7B24886D1B66A1D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4B9768F98E53770A2A21EA4945525B60">
<mods:roleTerm id="65B1BE2C2912FB9802896D5364F42AD2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A50CC0AD9A3F1044129F571AE6405CCD">Mawatari, Shunsuke F.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="ABBA441938D41B2C31FBECD69E31AFF2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="059F4019E9B52C3BB546A686469F9BF6" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="00FC905D885DAE63C142E7B86BB1795F">
<mods:title id="E39B5FA92D9126B97AF2345619AEDA23">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="CA977446BA1CD687F9B4F9AEB8E8E761">
<mods:date id="7A0B5A3BF508E59E0B13EE7CC2B92C97">2006</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="013FB6375DD452872B93FEC59FD31517" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="5F0AE20A8C92465192D5B2AA0D5584A1">2006-12-25</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="418452069B05922BD4C80194DB61605E" type="volume">
<mods:number id="934928C09B160CF864BD8D5CB53391A6">40</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C7D6CCF990333F913AA0534FE7ED0846" type="issue">
<mods:number id="BFCE4BA9BA804E71F5B3FB36CA8D863A">38 - 40</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="AD35CE7343F257E51B700EBA7ED78B07" unit="page">
<mods:start id="96DD750988998E147C8B8DD0401D8933">2197</mods:start>
<mods:end id="F99F6E3644D72C675D3387085A25AC7B">2257</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="8D1D439CED3A0832B8FA94E42FADDBC9">
<mods:url id="6125E95B5530E4A7DE1E63996D3C4E18">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930601062771</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="5FED493592D7E25EA702ACDCA240FDB1">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C0C2AEDBBF985B17CC22699BFFB28178" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930601062771</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1DEFB17ECE563A7423CE53C9E8C25843" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AFDDF4CA31586CD028683496572D7E59" type="Zenodo-Dep">5231955</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="3C0487C6FF83940CBAB5C4F9FC993996" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C0487C6FF83940CBAB5C4F9FC993996" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C0487C6FF83940CBAB5C4F9FC993996" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="2247" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF83940ABAB5C4F9FCEF39CE" box="[470,854,1246,1270]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF83940ABAB5C4F9FCEF39CE" blockId="50.[470,854,1246,1302]" box="[470,854,1246,1270]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">
<heading id="EF5A81BCFF83940ABAB5C4F9FCEF39CE" box="[470,854,1246,1270]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF83940ABAB5C4F9FD7C39CE" ID-CoL="6DBCT" authority="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari, 2006" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[470,709,1246,1270]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="compta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF83940ABAB5C4F9FD7C39CE" bold="true" box="[470,709,1246,1270]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">Disporella compta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEA57B9FF83940AB9ADC4F9FCEF39CE" box="[718,854,1246,1270]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF83940CB950C4D9FF503F6E" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="2247" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" type="description">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF83940AB950C4D9FD55382E" blockId="50.[470,854,1246,1302]" box="[563,748,1278,1302]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">
(
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF83940AB958C4D9FD5D382E" box="[571,740,1278,1302]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="51.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-174@51.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 16. Disporella compta n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.22): (A) partial view of colony, showing one elongate and two oval maculae among seven maculae present in colony; (B) enlargement of a macula; (C) columns of fused peristomes of three to four autozooids; (D) enlargement of kenozooidal opening showing palm-tree-shaped pinhead spinules. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 400 Mm (C); 50 Mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231987/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">Figure 16A–D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF83940ABBE9C568FE9B385E" blockId="50.[138,290,1358,1382]" box="[138,290,1358,1382]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF83940ABBE9C568FE9B385E" box="[138,290,1358,1382]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">Type material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF83940ABBE9C559FBE238CE" blockId="50.[138,1185,1406,1526]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">
<materialsCitation id="04C53C8DFF83940ABBE9C559FB24388E" collectingDate="2005-03-01" collectorName="M. H. Dick" county="Kapa'a Beach Park" elevation="2" location="Island" municipality="Beach Park" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF83940ABBE9C559FF4338AE" box="[138,250,1406,1430]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: NHM 2006.7.21.22, specimen HI-53, bleached, coated for SEM;
<collectingCounty id="5D734E5CFF83940ABF62C559FF7A388E" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">
Kapa’a
<collectingMunicipality id="5476ACAAFF83940ABF39C559FF7A388E" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">Beach Park</collectingMunicipality>
</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="B172600BFF83940ABBB3C5B9FEAE388E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C0487C6FF83940CBAB5C4F9FC993996:B172600BFF83940ABBB3C5B9FEAE388E" box="[208,279,1438,1462]" county="Kapa'a Beach Park" municipality="Beach Park" name="Island" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" stateProvince="Hawaii">Island</location>
of
<collectingRegion id="7669F832FF83940ABA5CC5B9FE2C388E" box="[319,405,1438,1462]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
;
<date id="C0131010FF83940ABAC1C5B9FDF4388E" box="[418,589,1438,1462]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" value="2005-03-01">
<collectingDate id="D057E9F8FF83940ABAC1C5B9FDF4388E" box="[418,589,1438,1462]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" value="2005-03-01">1 March 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="19585306FF83940AB938C5B9FD51388E" box="[603,744,1438,1462]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">M. H. Dick</collectorName>
, collector; intertidal,
<quantity id="73559B35FF83940AB880C5B9FB8A388E" box="[995,1075,1438,1462]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" unit="m" value="0.15">
<elevation id="3F80D1E3FF83940AB880C5B9FB8A388E" box="[995,1075,1438,1462]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" unit="m" value="0.15">0.15 m</elevation>
</quantity>
low tide
</materialsCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF83940ABBE9C599FF5638EE" box="[138,239,1470,1494]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
1, NHM 2006.7.21.23, same locality and collecting information as for
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF83940ABF56C599FB2438EE" box="[1077,1181,1470,1494]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, specimen HI-71, partly overgrown by
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF83940AB928C5F9FCA938CE" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[587,784,1502,1526]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Stomachetosellidae" genus="Junerossia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="copiosa">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF83940AB928C5F9FCA938CE" box="[587,784,1502,1526]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">Junerossia copiosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, bleached, coated for SEM.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF83940ABBE9C60AFF423B7D" blockId="50.[138,251,1581,1605]" box="[138,251,1581,1605]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF83940ABBE9C60AFF423B7D" box="[138,251,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF83940ABBE9C67AFBB53BAD" blockId="50.[138,1185,1629,1685]" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">
The species name is from the Latin
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF83940AB957C679FD333B4D" box="[564,650,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="2245">comptus</emphasis>
(formed, framed, neat), referring to the welldelineated maculae imparting a tidy appearance to the surface of the colony.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D26658FF82940BBB1EC353FEAC3ECA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231987" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5231987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231987/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246" startId="51.[125,185,884,903]" targetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" targetPageId="51">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF82940BBB1EC353FEAC3ECA" blockId="51.[125,1173,884,1010]" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246">
Figure 16.
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF82940BBB8FC353FE333EBF" authority="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari, 2006" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[236,394,884,903]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="compta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF82940BBB8FC353FE333EBF" box="[236,394,884,903]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246">Disporella compta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEA57B9FF82940BBAF0C353FE753EBF" box="[403,460,884,903]" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.22): (A) partial view of colony, showing one elongate and two oval maculae among seven maculae present in colony; (B) enlargement of a macula; (C) columns of fused peristomes of three to four autozooids; (D) enlargement of kenozooidal opening showing palm-tree-shaped pinhead spinules. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 400 Mm (C); 50 Mm (D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF82940BBB1EC41CFEAE396A" blockId="51.[125,279,1083,1106]" box="[125,279,1083,1106]" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF82940BBB1EC41CFEAE396A" box="[125,279,1083,1106]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246">Measurements</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF82940BBB1EC44CFECF39FC" blockId="51.[125,1172,1131,1220]" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246">Peristomial openings slightly longer in radial than transverse direction, 0.08–0.10 (0.089¡0.009)×0.07–0.09 (0.080¡0.008), respectively. Kenozooidal openings 0.08– 0.11 (0.088¡0.015).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF82940BBB1EC4DAFF4C382D" blockId="51.[125,245,1277,1301]" box="[125,245,1277,1301]" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF82940BBB1EC4DAFF4C382D" box="[125,245,1277,1301]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF82940CBB1EC509FEB03F3D" blockId="51.[125,1173,1326,1674]" lastBlockId="52.[138,1185,137,517]" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="2247" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246">
Two colonies found, one complete and the other a fragment. Colony approximately circular, convex, adnate, but with marginal lamina raised from substratum; light violet in colour; marginal lamina traversed by raised, closely spaced radial lines indicating lateral boundaries of incipient zooids; the complete colony measures
<quantity id="73559B35FF82940BB83CC5A8FC19389F" box="[863,928,1423,1447]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
×
<quantity id="73559B35FF82940BB8D8C5A8FC46389F" box="[955,1023,1423,1447]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
; the other is broken and partly overgrown by an ascophoran, and measures
<quantity id="73559B35FF82940BB8C5C588FC5E38FF" box="[934,999,1455,1479]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
in maximum dimension. Cormidial arrangement of larger colony (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF82940BB867C5F7FC3038D0" box="[772,905,1488,1512]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="51.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-174@51.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 16. Disporella compta n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.22): (A) partial view of colony, showing one elongate and two oval maculae among seven maculae present in colony; (B) enlargement of a macula; (C) columns of fused peristomes of three to four autozooids; (D) enlargement of kenozooidal opening showing palm-tree-shaped pinhead spinules. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 400 Mm (C); 50 Mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231987/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246">Figure 16A</figureCitation>
) clearly evident, with seven maculae, six of them oval or elongate-oval, and the other narrowly elongate, twothirds as long as colony diameter; macula of the colony fragment is narrow and elongate. Surfaces of maculae (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF82940BBAE4C616FDB23B71" box="[391,523,1585,1609]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="51.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-174@51.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 16. Disporella compta n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.22): (A) partial view of colony, showing one elongate and two oval maculae among seven maculae present in colony; (B) enlargement of a macula; (C) columns of fused peristomes of three to four autozooids; (D) enlargement of kenozooidal opening showing palm-tree-shaped pinhead spinules. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 400 Mm (C); 50 Mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231987/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="2246">Figure 16B</figureCitation>
) sunken, regular; due to constriction of kenozooidal openings, maculae appear less porous than intermacular areas; maculae are well delineated and can be easily counted with the naked eye. Peristomes in uniserial connate radii two to four peristomes in extent (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF85940CBADBC0AEFDE63D99" box="[440,607,137,161]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="51.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-174@51.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 16. Disporella compta n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.22): (A) partial view of colony, showing one elongate and two oval maculae among seven maculae present in colony; (B) enlargement of a macula; (C) columns of fused peristomes of three to four autozooids; (D) enlargement of kenozooidal opening showing palm-tree-shaped pinhead spinules. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 400 Mm (C); 50 Mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231987/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">Figure 16B, C</figureCitation>
) and orientated perpendicular to macular margin, with occasional single peristomes at periphery of cormidial unit (macular area and surrounding radii); peristomes sometimes vertically orientated near macula but generally angled toward colony margin, tallest at macular end of series, lowest at abmacular end; fused along entire length; ends truncate, somewhat irregular; peristomial openings slightly oval. Kenozooidal openings circular or oval, usually as large as or larger than peristomial openings in areas outside maculae; often constricted by centripetal growth of surface calcification within maculae, but not closed. Two columns of kenozooids between connate columns of peristomes; three to five rows between cormidial (macular) units. Inner walls of kenozooids and zooidal peristomes have numerous palm-tree-shaped pinhead spinules (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF85940CBBF1C1EAFEA53CDD" box="[146,284,461,485]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="51.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-174@51.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 16. Disporella compta n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.22): (A) partial view of colony, showing one elongate and two oval maculae among seven maculae present in colony; (B) enlargement of a macula; (C) columns of fused peristomes of three to four autozooids; (D) enlargement of kenozooidal opening showing palm-tree-shaped pinhead spinules. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 400 Mm (C); 50 Mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231987/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">Figure 16D</figureCitation>
), the heads with five to seven sharp rays. Brood chambers lacking in our specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF85940CBBE9C219FF503F6E" blockId="52.[138,233,574,598]" box="[138,233,574,598]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CBBE9C219FF503F6E" box="[138,233,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF85940CBBE9C248FC3C3914" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF85940CBBE9C248FC3C3914" blockId="52.[138,1185,623,1068]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CBBE9C248FEF63FBE" ID-CoL="6DBCT" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[138,335,623,647]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="compta">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CBBE9C248FEF63FBE" box="[138,335,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">Disporella compta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CBA94C248FCCF3FBF" authority="(d'Orbigny, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[503,886,623,647]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CBA94C248FD293FBF" box="[503,656,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">D. californica</emphasis>
(d’Orbigny, 1853)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CB8D9C248FF713F9F" ID-CoL="36VP9" authority="Osburn, 1953" authorityName="Osburn" authorityYear="1953" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ovoidea">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CB8D9C248FB8C3FBF" box="[954,1077,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">D. ovoidea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF85940CBF21C248FF713F9F" author="Osburn RC" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" pagination="613 - 841" refId="ref28780" refString="Osburn RC. 1953. Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of America. Part 3, Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata, Entoprocta, and addenda. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions 14: 613 - 841." type="journal article" year="1953">Osburn, 1953</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, both of which are fairly widely distributed in the subtropical to tropical Eastern Pacific, sharing with these species the following characters: connate, uniserial radii; pinhead spinules (abundant in
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CBAEDC2F6FD9A3FD0" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[398,547,720,744]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CBAEDC2F6FD9A3FD0" box="[398,547,720,744]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">D. californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, rare in
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CB9E5C2F6FD443FD0" ID-CoL="36VP9" authorityName="Osburn" authorityYear="1953" box="[646,765,720,744]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ovoidea">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CB9E5C2F6FD443FD0" box="[646,765,720,744]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">D. ovoidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); peristomial tubes only moderately tall, and truncate; colonies small. However,
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CB9E2C2D6FD483E30" ID-CoL="6DBCT" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[641,753,753,776]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="compta">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CB9E2C2D6FD483E30" box="[641,753,753,776]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">D. compta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from these species in having at most four peristomes in a connate column;
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CB9F3C335FC9E3E11" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[656,807,785,809]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CB9F3C335FC9E3E11" box="[656,807,785,809]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">D. californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has around 10, and
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CBF43C335FB203E11" ID-CoL="36VP9" authorityName="Osburn" authorityYear="1953" box="[1056,1177,785,809]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ovoidea">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CBF43C335FB203E11" box="[1056,1177,785,809]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">D. ovoidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, seven. The macular cormidia of
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CB966C315FD233E71" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[517,666,817,841]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CB966C315FD233E71" box="[517,666,817,841]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">D. californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appear to be nearly circular (
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF85940CB891C316FB2A3E71" author="Osburn RC" box="[1010,1171,817,841]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" pagination="613 - 841" refId="ref28780" refString="Osburn RC. 1953. Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of America. Part 3, Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata, Entoprocta, and addenda. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions 14: 613 - 841." type="journal article" year="1953">Osburn 1953</bibRefCitation>
), larger in proportion to colony size, and hence less numerous than in
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CBF7EC375FB203E51" ID-CoL="6DBCT" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[1053,1177,850,873]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="compta">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CBF7EC375FB203E51" box="[1053,1177,850,873]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">D. compta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CBA44C354FE053EB2" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[295,444,882,906]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CBA44C354FE053EB2" box="[295,444,882,906]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">D. californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also commonly undergoes zoarial budding, producing smaller, short-stipitate colonies at the margin, which was not observed in
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CB8C9C3B4FB983E92" ID-CoL="6DBCT" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[938,1057,915,938]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="compta">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CB8C9C3B4FB983E92" box="[938,1057,915,938]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">D. compta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CBF56C3B5FF653EF3" ID-CoL="36VP9" authorityName="Osburn" authorityYear="1953" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ovoidea">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CBF56C3B5FF653EF3" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">Disporella ovoidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears typically to have only a single large, central macular area, with radii extending from the macular margin to the colony margin.
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CB84FC3F4FC553ED3" ID-CoL="6DBCT" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[812,1004,979,1003]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Lichenoporidae" genus="Disporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="compta">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CB84FC3F4FC553ED3" box="[812,1004,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">Disporella compta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may eventually prove to be a geographic or ecophenotypic variant of one of these species; examination of brood chambers in Hawaiian material will help resolve this issue.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF85940CBBE9C442FC993996" box="[138,800,1125,1198]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF85940CBBE9C442FEB23945" blockId="52.[138,267,1125,1149]" box="[138,267,1125,1149]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CBBE9C442FEB23945" box="[138,267,1125,1149]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF85940CBBE9C4B1FC993996" blockId="52.[138,800,1174,1198]" box="[138,800,1174,1198]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">
Kapa’a beach,
<collectingRegion id="7669F832FF85940CBA59C4B1FE353996" box="[314,396,1174,1198]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
Island, is the only known locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

208
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<paragraph id="B41236D0FF85940CBAAAC4D5FCED3832" blockId="52.[417,890,1233,1323]" box="[457,852,1266,1290]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">
<heading id="EF5A81BCFF85940CBAAAC4D5FCED3832" box="[457,852,1266,1290]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF85940CBAAAC4D5FD7A3832" ID-CoL="3DWZD" authority="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari, 2006" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[457,707,1266,1290]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Densiporidae" genus="Favosipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="adunca" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CBAAAC4D5FD7A3832" bold="true" box="[457,707,1266,1290]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">Favosipora adunca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEA57B9FF85940CB9AFC4D5FCED3832" box="[716,852,1266,1290]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF85940EB950C534FE1D38CA" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="2249" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" type="description">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF85940CB950C534FD5E3813" blockId="52.[417,890,1233,1323]" box="[563,743,1299,1323]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">
(
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF85940CB958C534FD663813" box="[571,735,1299,1323]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="53.[125,185,1242,1261]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-42@53.[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figure 17. Favosipora adunca n. sp.: (A) paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.25), partial view of colony; (B) paratype 1, enlargement of fused peristomes of autozooids; (C) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.24), brood chamber; (D) holotype, enlargement of brood chamber, showing oeciostome (top, right of centre); (E) paratype 4 (YPM-38559), detail of brood-chamber formation, showing granulated floor and struts of calcification that will contribute to covering; (F) paratype 4, enlargement of kenozooidal openings. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 200 Mm (B, D, E); 500 Mm (C); 100 Mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231989/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">Figure 17A–F</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF85940CBBE9C542FE9B3844" blockId="52.[138,290,1380,1404]" box="[138,290,1380,1404]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF85940CBBE9C542FE9B3844" box="[138,290,1380,1404]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">Type material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF85940CBBE9C5B2FCDE3BA8" blockId="52.[138,1185,1429,1680]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">
<materialsCitation id="04C53C8DFF85940CBBE9C5B2FF0338D6" collectingDate="2005-03-01" collectorName="M. H. Dick" county="Kapa'a Beach Park" elevation="2" location="Island" municipality="Beach Park" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF85940CBBE9C5B2FF433895" box="[138,250,1429,1453]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: NHM 2006.7.21.24, specimen HI-58b, bleached, coated for SEM;
<collectingCounty id="5D734E5CFF85940CBF2CC5B2FEA838F5" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">
Kapa’a
<collectingMunicipality id="5476ACAAFF85940CBBE9C592FEA838F5" box="[138,273,1461,1485]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">Beach Park</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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of
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;
<date id="C0131010FF85940CBA88C592FD2A38F5" box="[491,659,1461,1485]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" value="2005-03-01">
<collectingDate id="D057E9F8FF85940CBA88C592FD2A38F5" box="[491,659,1461,1485]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" value="2005-03-01">1 March 2005</collectingDate>
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;
<collectorName id="19585306FF85940CB9FCC592FC9338F5" box="[671,810,1461,1485]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247">M. H. Dick</collectorName>
, collector; intertidal,
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<elevation id="3F80D1E3FF85940CBF42C592FBC938F5" box="[1057,1136,1461,1485]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" unit="m" value="0.15">0.15 m</elevation>
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low tide
</materialsCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF85940CBBA6C5F1FE8038D6" box="[197,313,1494,1518]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: same locality and collecting information as for
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF85940CB83FC5F1FC7D38D6" box="[860,964,1494,1518]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF85940CB8ACC5F1FB8D38D6" box="[975,1076,1494,1518]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
1, NHM 2006.7.21.25, specimen HI-1, bleached, coated for SEM.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF85940CB844C5D1FC353B36" box="[807,908,1526,1550]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
2, NHM 2006.7.21.26, specimen HI-3 (part), bleached, coated for SEM.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF85940CB869C631FCD63B16" box="[778,879,1558,1582]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
3, NHM 2006.7.21.27, specimen HI-72, bleached, coated for SEM.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF85940CB9C6C610FCB33B77" box="[677,778,1591,1615]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
4, YPM-38559, specimen HI-54, bleached, coated for SEM.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF85940CBAA6C670FD933B57" box="[453,554,1623,1647]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
5, YPM-38560, specimen HI-77, bleached, coated for SEM.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF85940CBBB4C65FFE853BA8" box="[215,316,1656,1680]" pageId="52" pageNumber="2247" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
6, YPM-38561, bleached specimen, uncoated.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B41236D0FF84940DBB1EC4FDFE34384A" blockId="53.[125,1173,1242,1394]" pageId="53" pageNumber="2248">
Figure 17.
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF84940DBB8BC4FDFE3439D5" authority="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari, 2006" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[232,397,1242,1261]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Densiporidae" genus="Favosipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="53" pageNumber="2248" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="adunca" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF84940DBB8BC4FDFE3439D5" box="[232,397,1242,1261]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="2248">Favosipora adunca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEA57B9FF84940DBAF0C4FDFE7039D5" box="[403,457,1242,1261]" pageId="53" pageNumber="2248" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: (A) paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.25), partial view of colony; (B) paratype 1, enlargement of fused peristomes of autozooids; (C) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.24), brood chamber; (D) holotype, enlargement of brood chamber, showing oeciostome (top, right of centre); (E) paratype 4 (YPM-38559), detail of brood-chamber formation, showing granulated floor and struts of calcification that will contribute to covering; (F) paratype 4, enlargement of kenozooidal openings. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 200 Mm (B, D, E); 500 Mm (C); 100 Mm (F).
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF84940DBB1EC5A9FF57389E" box="[125,238,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="2248">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF84940DBB1EC598FEBD38C0" blockId="53.[125,1172,1471,1528]" pageId="53" pageNumber="2248">
The species name derives from the Latin
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF84940DB906C598FD0238EF" box="[613,699,1471,1495]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="2248">aduncus</emphasis>
(bent in, crooked), referring to the bent oeciostome.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF84940DBB1EC60BFEAE3B7B" blockId="53.[125,279,1580,1603]" box="[125,279,1580,1603]" pageId="53" pageNumber="2248">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF84940DBB1EC60BFEAE3B7B" box="[125,279,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="2248">Measurements</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF84940DBB1EC67BFB2D3BAC" blockId="53.[125,1172,1627,1685]" pageId="53" pageNumber="2248">Peristome opening near margin slightly elliptical, 0.09–0.13 long (0.108¡0.011)×0.08– 0.11 wide (0.089¡0.011); maximum dimension of kenozooidal opening 0.05–0.14</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF87940EBBE9C0AEFDD83DF9" blockId="54.[138,1185,136,193]" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">
(0.092¡0.022) (
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF87940EBA30C0AEFED83D98" box="[339,353,137,160]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">n</emphasis>
515; five measurements from each of three colonies). Brood chamber 1.20–1.38 long×0.68–0.80 wide (
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF87940EB97FC08DFD933DF9" box="[540,554,170,193]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">n</emphasis>
53).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF87940EBBE9C0DDFEBA3C2A" blockId="54.[138,259,250,274]" box="[138,259,250,274]" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF87940EBBE9C0DDFEBA3C2A" box="[138,259,250,274]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF87940EBBE9C10CFB313974" blockId="54.[138,1185,298,1100]" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">
Colony small, smallest observed
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×
<quantity id="73559B35FF87940EB916C10CFD003C7B" box="[629,697,299,323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
, largest observed
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×
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; discoid, raised in centre, whitish in colour; roughly circular or arranged along a long axis; with a broad marginal lamina striated with fine ridges orientated perpendicular to margin, indicating incipient zooids; colony adnate over most of centre, but lamina is variably raised from the substratum, sometimes sharply. Central macular area (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF87940EB8F4C18BFBA53CFC" box="[919,1052,428,452]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="53.[125,185,1242,1261]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-42@53.[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figure 17. Favosipora adunca n. sp.: (A) paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.25), partial view of colony; (B) paratype 1, enlargement of fused peristomes of autozooids; (C) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.24), brood chamber; (D) holotype, enlargement of brood chamber, showing oeciostome (top, right of centre); (E) paratype 4 (YPM-38559), detail of brood-chamber formation, showing granulated floor and struts of calcification that will contribute to covering; (F) paratype 4, enlargement of kenozooidal openings. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 200 Mm (B, D, E); 500 Mm (C); 100 Mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231989/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Figure 17A</figureCitation>
) of colony tends to be elongate, even in nearly circular colonies; rarely there are two macular centres. Zooidal peristomes (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF87940EBA1BC1CAFD993F3D" box="[376,544,493,517]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="53.[125,185,1242,1261]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-42@53.[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figure 17. Favosipora adunca n. sp.: (A) paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.25), partial view of colony; (B) paratype 1, enlargement of fused peristomes of autozooids; (C) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.24), brood chamber; (D) holotype, enlargement of brood chamber, showing oeciostome (top, right of centre); (E) paratype 4 (YPM-38559), detail of brood-chamber formation, showing granulated floor and struts of calcification that will contribute to covering; (F) paratype 4, enlargement of kenozooidal openings. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 200 Mm (B, D, E); 500 Mm (C); 100 Mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231989/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Figure 17A, B</figureCitation>
) sometimes single or connate in groups of two to four, but usually are in connate radial series of up to 12 zooids, generally uniserial but occasionally partly biserial. Peristomes in a connate row are tall near centre of colony and become progressively shorter toward the margin. Peristomes tapered; bicuspid (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF87940EBBF1C248FEA13FBF" box="[146,280,623,647]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="53.[125,185,1242,1261]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-42@53.[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figure 17. Favosipora adunca n. sp.: (A) paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.25), partial view of colony; (B) paratype 1, enlargement of fused peristomes of autozooids; (C) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.24), brood chamber; (D) holotype, enlargement of brood chamber, showing oeciostome (top, right of centre); (E) paratype 4 (YPM-38559), detail of brood-chamber formation, showing granulated floor and struts of calcification that will contribute to covering; (F) paratype 4, enlargement of kenozooidal openings. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 200 Mm (B, D, E); 500 Mm (C); 100 Mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231989/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Figure 17B</figureCitation>
), with a blunt-triangular cusp on the admacular and another on the abmacular side; occasionally occluded by a centripetally growing closure plate. Openings of kenozooids can also become constricted or closed by centripetal growth of a horizontal lamina. Calcification of colony surface and interior of peristomes and kenozooids (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF87940EBBF1C2D7FEAC3E30" box="[146,277,752,776]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="53.[125,185,1242,1261]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-42@53.[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figure 17. Favosipora adunca n. sp.: (A) paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.25), partial view of colony; (B) paratype 1, enlargement of fused peristomes of autozooids; (C) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.24), brood chamber; (D) holotype, enlargement of brood chamber, showing oeciostome (top, right of centre); (E) paratype 4 (YPM-38559), detail of brood-chamber formation, showing granulated floor and struts of calcification that will contribute to covering; (F) paratype 4, enlargement of kenozooidal openings. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 200 Mm (B, D, E); 500 Mm (C); 100 Mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231989/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Figure 17F</figureCitation>
) smooth, without granulation, mural spines, or pinhead spinules. Brood chamber (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF87940EBB9DC336FE1A3E11" box="[254,419,785,809]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="53.[125,185,1242,1261]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-42@53.[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figure 17. Favosipora adunca n. sp.: (A) paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.25), partial view of colony; (B) paratype 1, enlargement of fused peristomes of autozooids; (C) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.24), brood chamber; (D) holotype, enlargement of brood chamber, showing oeciostome (top, right of centre); (E) paratype 4 (YPM-38559), detail of brood-chamber formation, showing granulated floor and struts of calcification that will contribute to covering; (F) paratype 4, enlargement of kenozooidal openings. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 200 Mm (B, D, E); 500 Mm (C); 100 Mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231989/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Figure 17C–E</figureCitation>
) elongate, irregular, extending as one or two lobes between two or three adjacent columns of connate peristomes, respectively. The largest colony had three brood chambers, one situated at the edge of the central macular area and the others halfway between the macular area and the margin. Floor of brood chamber (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF87940EB8A4C355FBF23EB2" box="[967,1099,882,906]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="53.[125,185,1242,1261]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-42@53.[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figure 17. Favosipora adunca n. sp.: (A) paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.25), partial view of colony; (B) paratype 1, enlargement of fused peristomes of autozooids; (C) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.24), brood chamber; (D) holotype, enlargement of brood chamber, showing oeciostome (top, right of centre); (E) paratype 4 (YPM-38559), detail of brood-chamber formation, showing granulated floor and struts of calcification that will contribute to covering; (F) paratype 4, enlargement of kenozooidal openings. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 200 Mm (B, D, E); 500 Mm (C); 100 Mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231989/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Figure 17E</figureCitation>
) thinly covering kenozooidal openings, sparsely granulated, with three to six small, circular pores leading to each kenozooid; roof of brood chamber begins to form by centripetally growing struts of calcification. When complete, roof is more-or-less flat, slightly depressed, densely perforated by pseudopores (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF87940EBA91C3D3FDC53934" box="[498,636,1012,1036]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="53.[125,185,1242,1261]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-42@53.[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figure 17. Favosipora adunca n. sp.: (A) paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.25), partial view of colony; (B) paratype 1, enlargement of fused peristomes of autozooids; (C) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.24), brood chamber; (D) holotype, enlargement of brood chamber, showing oeciostome (top, right of centre); (E) paratype 4 (YPM-38559), detail of brood-chamber formation, showing granulated floor and struts of calcification that will contribute to covering; (F) paratype 4, enlargement of kenozooidal openings. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 200 Mm (B, D, E); 500 Mm (C); 100 Mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231989/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Figure 17D</figureCitation>
), sharply delineated from smooth, sloping circumferential wall. Oeciostome (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF87940EB941C433FD133914" box="[546,682,1044,1068]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="53.[125,185,1242,1261]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-42@53.[125,1173,133,1206]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figure 17. Favosipora adunca n. sp.: (A) paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.25), partial view of colony; (B) paratype 1, enlargement of fused peristomes of autozooids; (C) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.24), brood chamber; (D) holotype, enlargement of brood chamber, showing oeciostome (top, right of centre); (E) paratype 4 (YPM-38559), detail of brood-chamber formation, showing granulated floor and struts of calcification that will contribute to covering; (F) paratype 4, enlargement of kenozooidal openings. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 200 Mm (B, D, E); 500 Mm (C); 100 Mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231989/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Figure 17D</figureCitation>
) lies at margin of brood chamber, raised, bent at a right angle so that plane of transversely oval opening is perpendicular to roof.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF87940EBBE9C4A2FF5039A5" box="[138,233,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF87940EBBE9C491FCD53837" blockId="54.[138,1185,1206,1295]" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">
The combined characters of smooth mural surfaces; peristomes bicuspid and typically in long, connate, mostly uniserial series of up to 12; the macular area usually elongate; and the bent oeciostome separate this from other species of
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF87940EB988C4D0FCDA3837" authorityName="MacGillivray" authorityYear="1885" box="[747,867,1271,1295]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Densiporidae" genus="Favosipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF87940EB988C4D0FCDA3837" box="[747,867,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Favosipora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF87940EBBE9C56FFEB23858" box="[138,267,1352,1376]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF87940EBBE9C55EFE1D38CA" blockId="54.[138,1185,1401,1522]" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">
The genus
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF87940EBA72C55EFE3338A9" box="[273,394,1401,1425]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Favosipora</emphasis>
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is primarily distributed in the Southern Hemisphere; according to
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF87940EBBE9C5BEFE6B3889" author="Gordon DP &amp; Taylor PD" box="[138,466,1433,1457]" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249" pagination="243 - 290" refId="ref27841" refString="Gordon DP, Taylor PD. 2001. New Zealand Recent Densiporidae and Lichenoporidae (Bryozoa: Cyclostomata). Species Diversity 6: 243 - 290." type="journal article" year="2001">Gordon and Taylor (2001)</bibRefCitation>
, only one other species of this genus,
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF87940EB8C7C5BDFF6B38E9" authority="(Busk, 1875)" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Stenolaemata" family="Densiporidae" genus="Favosipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="holdsworthii">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF87940EB8C7C5BDFBF33889" box="[932,1098,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">F. holdsworthii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF87940EBF3EC5BEFF7038E9" author="Busk G" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249" refId="ref27062" refString="Busk G. 1875. Catalogue of the marine Polyzoa in the collection of the British Museum. Part 3, Cyclostomata. London: Trustees of the British Museum, 39 p, 34 plates." type="book" year="1875">Busk, 1875</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, has been recorded from the Northern Hemisphere. Kapa’a beach,
<collectingRegion id="7669F832FF87940EB883C59EFB8B38E9" box="[992,1074,1465,1489]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="54" pageNumber="2249">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
Island, is the only known locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<mods:start id="7F1EFAE2FBFB6DC8DC335670CD73EB25">2197</mods:start>
<mods:end id="8A20CADA18535BA382CB46D9C30A426E">2257</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="2BD8BF79540F2CE0F1D6317C0D252EF8">
<mods:url id="B350D8F087E7811C4A94C67EC2D5D919">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930601062771</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="8EFF5ACBACBD34E9B5F836A43981428C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="384F10F480D51DA0A56AFBDE4233455C" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930601062771</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E9A8AF46EA8BFCD1045CD258357A878E" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="72693E2325EE36AD58983AAC16BF120C" type="Zenodo-Dep">5231955</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="3C0487C6FF91941ABAAAC22EFC1F3DCD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C0487C6FF91941ABAAAC22EFC1F3DCD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C0487C6FF91941ABAAAC22EFC1F3DCD" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="2229" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF919418BAAAC22EFCF73F19" box="[457,846,521,545]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF919418BAAAC22EFCF73F19" blockId="32.[457,846,521,578]" box="[457,846,521,545]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">
<heading id="EF5A81BCFF919418BAAAC22EFCF73F19" box="[457,846,521,545]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF919418BAAAC22EFD043F19" ID-CoL="6NGNF" authority="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari, 2006" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[457,701,521,545]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Stomachetosellidae" genus="Junerossia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="copiosa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF919418BAAAC22EFD043F19" bold="true" box="[457,701,521,545]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">Junerossia copiosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEA57B9FF919418B9A6C22EFCF73F19" box="[709,846,521,545]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF91941AB950C20DFC1F3DCD" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="2229" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="description">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF919418B950C20DFD553F7A" blockId="32.[457,846,521,578]" box="[563,748,554,578]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">
(
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF919418B958C20DFD5C3F7A" box="[571,741,554,578]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">Figure 10A–H</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF919418BBE9C242FBB43F45" blockId="32.[138,1037,613,637]" box="[138,1037,613,637]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">
‘‘Genus and species, not determined’’:
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF919418B934C242FCBD3F45" author="Tilbrook KJ" box="[599,772,613,637]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" refId="ref29804" refString="Tilbrook KJ. 2006. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa of the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara: Santa Barbara Musuem of Natural History, 390 p. (Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History monographs; 4 (Studies in biodiversity; 3 ))." type="book" year="2006">Tilbrook 2006</bibRefCitation>
, p 147, Figure 21D–F.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF919418BBE9C290FE9B3FF6" blockId="32.[138,290,694,718]" box="[138,290,694,718]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF919418BBE9C290FE9B3FF6" box="[138,290,694,718]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">Type material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF919418BBE9C2C0FD87397B" blockId="32.[138,1185,743,1091]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">
<materialsCitation id="04C53C8DFF919418BBE9C2C0FF543E78" collectingDate="2005-03-01" collectorName="M. H. Dick" county="Kapa'a Beach Park" elevation="2" location="Island" municipality="Beach Park" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418BBE9C2C0FF433FC7" box="[138,250,743,767]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: NHM 2006.7.21.8, specimen HI-56, bleached, coated for SEM;
<collectingCounty id="5D734E5CFF919418BF2CC2C0FEAC3E27" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">
Kapa’a
<collectingMunicipality id="5476ACAAFF919418BBE9C320FEAC3E27" box="[138,277,775,799]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">Beach Park</collectingMunicipality>
</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="B172600BFF919418BA47C320FED23E27" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C0487C6FF91941ABAAAC22EFC1F3DCD:B172600BFF919418BA47C320FED23E27" box="[292,363,775,799]" county="Kapa'a Beach Park" municipality="Beach Park" name="Island" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" stateProvince="Hawaii">Island</location>
of
<collectingRegion id="7669F832FF919418BAFBC320FE573E27" box="[408,494,775,799]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
;
<date id="C0131010FF919418BA9EC320FD143E27" box="[509,685,775,799]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" value="2005-03-01">
<collectingDate id="D057E9F8FF919418BA9EC320FD143E27" box="[509,685,775,799]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" value="2005-03-01">1 March 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="19585306FF919418B9DEC320FCE93E27" box="[701,848,775,799]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">M. H. Dick</collectorName>
, collector; intertidal,
<quantity id="73559B35FF919418BF31C320FB183E27" box="[1106,1185,775,799]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" unit="m" value="0.15">
<elevation id="3F80D1E3FF919418BF31C320FB183E27" box="[1106,1185,775,799]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" unit="m" value="0.15">0.15 m</elevation>
</quantity>
low tide
</materialsCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418BB99C30FFED73E78" box="[250,366,808,832]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: same locality and collecting information as for
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418B8C5C30FFBB73E78" box="[934,1038,808,832]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418BF78C30FFB393E78" box="[1051,1152,808,832]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
1, NHM 2006.7.21.9, two unbleached fragments, one with embryos.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418B8A1C36FFB9E3E58" box="[962,1063,840,864]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
2, NHM 2006.7.21.10, specimen HI-2, bleached, coated for SEM.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418B844C34FFC353EB8" box="[807,908,872,896]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
3, NHM 2006.7.21.11, specimen HI-79, bleached, coated for SEM.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418B9C7C3AEFCB03E99" box="[676,777,905,929]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
4, NHM 2006.7.21.12, specimen HI-17 (ancestrula), bleached, coated for SEM.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418B9D3C38EFCAC3EF9" box="[688,789,937,961]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
5, NHM 2006.7.21.13, specimen bleached.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418BA62C3EDFEDF3EDA" box="[257,358,970,994]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
6, NHM 2006.7.21.14, specimen bleached.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418B81AC3EDFC673EDA" box="[889,990,970,994]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
7, YPM-38552, specimen bleached.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418BAE0C3CDFE51393A" box="[387,488,1002,1026]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
8, YPM-38553, specimen bleached.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418B8DDC3CDFB9A393A" box="[958,1059,1002,1026]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
9, YPM- 38554, ancestrular complex, specimen unbleached.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418B841C42DFC3E391A" box="[802,903,1034,1058]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
10, YPM-38555, 23 fragments, bleached and unbleached.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF919418BBE9C45BFF4239AC" blockId="32.[138,251,1148,1172]" box="[138,251,1148,1172]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF919418BBE9C45BFF4239AC" box="[138,251,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF919418BBE9C48BFC7739FC" blockId="32.[138,974,1196,1220]" box="[138,974,1196,1220]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">
The species name derives from the Latin
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF919418B910C48BFD7039FC" box="[627,713,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">copiosus</emphasis>
(plentiful, abundant).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF919418BBE9C4D9FE9D382D" blockId="32.[138,292,1278,1301]" box="[138,292,1278,1301]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF919418BBE9C4D9FE9D382D" box="[138,292,1278,1301]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">Measurements</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF919418BBE9C509FDAB38BF" blockId="32.[138,1185,1325,1415]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">ZL, 0.50–0.85 (0.640¡0.109). ZW, 0.35–0.58 (0.450¡0.066). OrL, 0.09–0.10 (0.096¡0.006). OrW, 0.12–0.14 (0.129¡0.007). OvL, 0.16–0.20 (0.177¡0.013). OvW, 0.25–0.29 (0.256¡0.012).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF919418BBE9C5DFFBF93BA8" blockId="32.[138,1186,1528,1681]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227">
autozooid and ovicellate zooids in primary layer, and frontally budded autozooid; (E) enlargement of exterior view of umbonuloid component of shield of a marginal zooid, with condyles visible; (F) interior view of frontal shield near orifice, showing umbonuloid component (u) separated from lepralioid component by ring scar (arrowhead); note condyles at intersection of ring scar and distal margin of primary orifice (one marked by arrow); (G)
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418BF28C66FFB273B63" box="[1099,1182,1608,1627]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, uniporous septula in lateral wall (lower) and frontal wall (upper); (H)
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF919418B836C644FC1D3B4E" box="[853,932,1635,1654]" pageId="32" pageNumber="2227" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
4 (NHM 2006.7.21.12), ancestrula. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D, H); 200 Mm (E); 100 Mm (B, F, G).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF909419BB1EC0AEFF4C3D99" blockId="33.[125,245,137,161]" box="[125,245,137,161]" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF909419BB1EC0AEFF4C3D99" box="[125,245,137,161]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF909419BB1EC09EFBEB394A" blockId="33.[125,1173,185,1138]" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">
Colony encrusting, sheet-like, forming irregularly shaped patches, the largest observed
<quantity id="73559B35FF909419BB1EC0FEFF7E3DC9" box="[125,199,217,241]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228" unit="cm" value="2.1">2.1 cm</quantity>
×
<quantity id="73559B35FF909419BB81C0FEFE893DC9" box="[226,304,217,241]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228" unit="cm" value="1.4">1.4 cm</quantity>
; unilaminar at first, but producing frontally budded zooids singly or in groups, which impart an irregular, thickened appearance to the colony; off-white in colour, with a glistening transparent ectocyst; often with a broad, calcified marginal lamina representing incipient zooids. Zooids arranged in distinct radial series; boundaries distinct, sometimes marked by a raised line of calcification; irregularly hexagonal, quadrate, or barrel-shaped. Frontal wall (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419BA73C15EFE6C3CA9" box="[272,469,377,401]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10A, C, D</figureCitation>
) slightly to moderately convex, perforated by small, well-spaced circular pores; tuberculate between pores; areolar pores scarcely evident as occasional slit-like openings parallel and adjacent to margin; with increased calcification, the frontal wall becomes thick and rugose, and the surface openings to frontal pores become larger and infundibular. A semicircular imperforate area proximal to the orifice constitutes an umbonuloid component of the frontal shield; this is especially evident externally in marginal zooids (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419B8F1C23EFBA83F09" box="[914,1041,537,561]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10E</figureCitation>
) and on the interior of the frontal shield (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419BAD9C21DFD833F6A" box="[442,570,570,594]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10F</figureCitation>
), where the umbonuloid component is delineated by a ring scar. Frontal pores are identical in size and form to the uniporous septula that constitute interzooidal connections in the lateral and distal walls (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419B9B1C25EFCE13FA9" box="[722,856,633,657]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10G</figureCitation>
). Visible orifice (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419BF6FC25EFB323FA9" box="[1036,1163,633,657]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10B</figureCitation>
) broader than long, irregularly elliptical, with both the proximal and distal borders smooth curves; newly formed orifice in marginal zooids (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419B9F4C29EFCAF3FE9" box="[663,790,697,721]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10E</figureCitation>
) with semicircular anter separated from broader, shallower poster by blunt-conical condyles, which are not externally apparent at later stages. Primary orifice obscured by thick, low, cylindrical peristome (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419B8A5C2DDFBD53E2A" box="[966,1132,762,786]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10A, D</figureCitation>
) of same texture as frontal wall, the rim sometimes flared and often ornamented with up to seven nodular processes. Often a transversely crescentic row (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419B860C31EFC763E69" box="[771,975,825,849]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10A, C, E</figureCitation>
) of more closely spaced frontal pores rings the base of the peristome, along the proximal margin of umbonuloid shield component. Ovicell (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419BAA7C35DFDC83EAA" box="[452,625,890,914]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10C, D</figureCitation>
) is globose, hyperstomial; broader than long, imperforate, the surface tuberculate like frontal wall, sometimes with scattered nodules, proximal margin straight or slightly convex, confluent with lateral walls of peristome. Embryo orange, visible through ovicell wall. Spines and avicularia lacking. Ancestrula (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419B88DC3FDFBCB3ECA" box="[1006,1138,986,1010]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10H</figureCitation>
) is pyriform in shape, imperforate except for two or three pores proximolateral to orifice, but with peristome and primary orifice similar to those of older zooids; peristomial rim with several irregular spinous processes; ancestrula first produces a broad marginal lamina that eventually gives rise to five periancestrular zooids (one distal, two distolateral, two proximolateral).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF909419BB1EC48DFF6539FA" box="[125,220,1194,1218]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF909419BB1EC4FCFC1238EB" blockId="33.[125,1172,1243,1491]" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">
The shape of the primary orifice is somewhat ambiguous in this species. What appears to be the true primary orifice is evident only in marginal zooids; it is hat-shaped, with a broad poster separated from a semicircular anter by conspicuous condyles (
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). The poster becomes filled in with growth of the peristome (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419B843C51CFC1F386B" box="[800,934,1339,1363]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10F</figureCitation>
). In ontogenetically mature zooids, the opening visible in external view (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419B846C57CFC10384B" box="[805,937,1371,1395]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10B</figureCitation>
) could equally be considered a new primary orifice, or a secondary orifice. Condyles are evident only early in zooidal ontogeny (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419BA37C5BCFE61388B" box="[340,472,1435,1459]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10E</figureCitation>
) and internally (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF909419B9F8C5BCFC98388B" box="[667,801,1435,1459]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="31.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@31.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 10. Junerossia copiosa n. gen., n. sp., intertidal specimens from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan (C, E) and Kapa’a Shore, Island of Hawaii (A–B, D, F–H): (A) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.8), autozooids and ovicellate zooid; (B) holotype, enlargement of orifice; (C) stages in ovicell formation; (D) paratype 2 (NHM 2006.7.21.10)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231975/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Figure 10F</figureCitation>
). This suggests that some other ascophorans reported as lacking condyles would bear re-examination.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF909419BB1EC62BFF443B1C" box="[125,253,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="2228">Distribution</emphasis>
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A single colony fragment designated as ‘‘genus and species undetermined’’ due to lack of adequate material was illustrated by
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from
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,
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. This species is fairly common intertidally on coral rubble in the vicinity of Sesoko Island,
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,
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(
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and A.
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. Grischenko, unpublished data). It thus appears to be widely distributed in the subtropical to tropical, central to
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Levinsen, 1909
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(
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF93941ABBE9C1B5FBD63C92" blockId="34.[138,1135,370,426]" box="[138,1135,402,426]" pageId="34" pageNumber="2229">
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF93941ABBE9C1B5FE373C92" box="[138,398,402,426]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="2229">Hippopodina iririkiensis</emphasis>
:
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, p 90
</taxonomicName>
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, Figure 18B;
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, p 245
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.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E0D26658FF93941ABBE9C633FC5B3BA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231977" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5231977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231977/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="2229" startId="34.[138,198,1556,1575]" targetBox="[138,1186,448,1519]" targetPageId="34">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF93941ABBE9C633FC5B3BA9" blockId="34.[138,1186,1556,1681]" pageId="34" pageNumber="2229">
Figure 11. (A)
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF93941ABA42C633FDE93B1F" authority="Tilbrook" authorityName="Tilbrook" authorityYear="1999" box="[289,592,1556,1575]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Hippopodinidae" genus="Hippopodina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="34" pageNumber="2229" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="iririkiensis">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF93941ABA42C633FE4B3B1F" box="[289,498,1556,1575]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="2229">Hippopodina iririkiensis</emphasis>
Tilbrook
</taxonomicName>
: autozooids and ovicellate zooids. (B, C)
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF93941AB885C633FF753B79" authority="(Busk)" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Gigantoporidae" genus="Cosciniopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="34" pageNumber="2229" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="lonchaea">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF93941AB885C633FB183B1F" box="[998,1185,1556,1575]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="2229">Cosciniopsis lonchaea</emphasis>
(Busk)
</taxonomicName>
: (B) autozooids and ovicellate zooids; (C) enlargement showing shapes of primary and secondary orifices. (D, E)
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF93941ABBAFC66EFE263B64" authority="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari, 2006" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[204,415,1609,1628]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="34" pageNumber="2229" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="kapaaensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF93941ABBAFC66EFE263B64" box="[204,415,1609,1628]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="2229">Calyptotheca kapaaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEA57B9FF93941ABAC6C66EFE603B64" box="[421,473,1609,1628]" pageId="34" pageNumber="2229" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.15): (D) autozooids; (E) enlargement of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. (F)
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF93941ABAB6C644FD593B4E" authority="Harmer" authorityName="Harmer" box="[469,736,1635,1654]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cheiloporinidae" genus="Cheiloporina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="34" pageNumber="2229" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="haddoni">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF93941ABAB6C644FD373B4E" box="[469,654,1635,1654]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="2229">Cheiloporina haddoni</emphasis>
Harmer
</taxonomicName>
: autozooids and one ovicellate zooid (upper left). All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B, F); 200 Mm (C); 500 Mm (D); 100 Mm (E).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF92941BBB1EC0AEFEF73915" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230" type="description">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF92941BBB1EC0AEFB2D3DE8" blockId="35.[125,279,137,158]" box="[125,1172,137,208]" lastBlockId="35.[125,1172,184,272]" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF92941BBB1EC0AEFEAE3D98" box="[125,279,137,160]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">Measurements</emphasis>
ZL, 0.85–1.03 (0.940¡0.062). ZW, 0.68–0.88 (0.735¡0.063). OrL, 0.19–0.21
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF92941BBB1EC0FFFDBC3C28" blockId="35.[125,1172,184,272]" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">(0.207¡0.007). OrW, 0.20–0.24 (0.216¡0.0112). OvL, 0.53–0.65 (0.573¡0.051). OvW, 0.50–0.60 (0.553¡0.042).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF92941BBB1EC160FF4C3C67" blockId="35.[125,245,327,351]" box="[125,245,327,351]" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF92941BBB1EC160FF4C3C67" box="[125,245,327,351]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF92941BBB1EC150FC3A3F76" blockId="35.[125,1172,375,590]" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">Colony unilaminar, encrusting, glistening, white with a tinge of lavender; zooids large; frontal wall moderately inflated, granulated, completely covered with minute pores. Orifice has been described as ‘‘keyhole-shaped’’ or ‘‘bell-shaped’’, with a shallow poster separated from a longer anter by obtuse-triangular condyles; proximal orificial margin concave; oral spines lacking. Avicularia situated distolateral to orifice, usually single, sometimes paired; ovicell about as broad as long, partly embedded in frontal wall of distal zooid, raised, globose, with the same texture and perforation as the frontal wall.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF92941BBB1EC2A1FF653FA6" blockId="35.[125,220,646,670]" box="[125,220,646,670]" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF92941BBB1EC2A1FF653FA6" box="[125,220,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF92941BBB1EC291FBF03E55" blockId="35.[125,1173,694,877]" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">
Several of the triad ancestrular complexes characteristic of
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF92941BB824C290FC663FF6" authorityName="Tilbrook" authorityYear="1999" box="[839,991,694,718]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Hippopodinidae" genus="Hippopodina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="iririkiensis">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF92941BB824C290FC663FF6" box="[839,991,694,718]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">H. iririkiensis</emphasis>
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were observed among the Hawaiian specimens. This species is distinguished from a similar congener,
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF92941BBF15C2F1FF593E36" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Hippopodinidae" genus="Hippopodina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="feegeensis">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF92941BBF15C2F1FF593E36" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">H. feegeensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in having a concave rather than a straight proximal orificial margin.
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF92941BBF6BC2D1FF523E15" authorityName="Tilbrook" authorityYear="1999" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Hippopodinidae" genus="Hippopodina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="iririkiensis">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF92941BBF6BC2D1FF523E15" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">Hippopodina iririkiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was the most widely distributed species found in the study; it occurred at all three sites where bryozoans were found, was the only bryozoan species found at Whittington Beach, and was the spatially and numerically dominant species at Kealakekua Bay.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF92941BBB1EC382FF443E85" blockId="35.[125,253,933,957]" box="[125,253,933,957]" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF92941BBB1EC382FF443E85" box="[125,253,933,957]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF92941BBB1EC3F2FEF73915" blockId="35.[125,1172,981,1069]" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">
Tropical Indo-West Pacific:
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FF92941BBAA5C3F2FD953ED5" box="[454,556,981,1005]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
, North Queensland,
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FF92941BB87CC3F2FCF03ED5" box="[799,841,981,1005]" name="Fiji" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">Fiji</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FF92941BB836C3F2FC603ED5" box="[853,985,981,1005]" name="Philippines" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">Philippines</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FF92941BB887C3F2FBE03ED5" box="[996,1113,981,1005]" name="Mauritius" pageId="35" pageNumber="2230">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
, Red Sea; Mediterranean (for references, see synonymies). This is the first record for the Hawaiian Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<heading id="EF5A81BCFF999410BAFFC3C5FCC03EC2" box="[412,889,994,1018]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF999410BAFFC3C5FD113EC2" bold="true" box="[412,680,994,1018]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235">Fenestrulina caseola</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF999410B9DBC3C5FCC83EC2" author="Hayward PJ" box="[696,881,994,1018]" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235" pagination="269 - 356" refId="ref28029" refString="Hayward PJ. 1988. Mauritian cheilostome Bryozoa. Journal of Zoology, London 215: 269 - 356." type="journal article" year="1988">Hayward, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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(
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF999410B958C425FD7A3922" box="[571,707,1026,1050]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="38.[138,198,1557,1576]" captionTargetBox="[138,1186,805,1521]" captionTargetId="figure-139@38.[138,1186,805,1521]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 12. (A–C) Bryopesanser serratus n. sp.: (A) paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.18), autozooids; note predation hole in right-hand zooid; (B) holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.17), enlargement of distal end of an ovicellate zooid; (C) paratype 2 (YPM-38556), ancestrula (lower left-of-centre, broken) and periancestrular zooids, showing a spiral budding pattern. (D) Fenestrulina caseola Hayward: autozooid and ovicellate zooid. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 400 Mm (A); 200 Mm (B); 500 Mm (C, D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231979/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235">Figure 12D</figureCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF999410BBE9C41AFEDA396D" box="[138,355,1085,1109]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235">Fenestrulina caseola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF999410BA0FC41AFDA4396D" author="Hayward PJ" box="[364,541,1085,1109]" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235" pagination="269 - 356" refId="ref28029" refString="Hayward PJ. 1988. Mauritian cheilostome Bryozoa. Journal of Zoology, London 215: 269 - 356." type="journal article" year="1988">Hayward 1988</bibRefCitation>
, p 325
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, Plate 10d.
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF999410BBE9C47AFCBD394D" ID-CoL="6HQV5" authority=": Ryland and Hayward 1992, p 280" authorityName=": Ryland and Hayward" authorityPageNumber="280" authorityYear="1992" box="[138,772,1117,1141]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Fenestrulinidae" genus="Fenestrulina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="caseola">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF999410BBE9C47AFEDA394D" box="[138,355,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235">Fenestrulina caseola</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF999410BA17C47AFD0D394D" author="Ryland JS &amp; Hayward PJ" box="[372,692,1117,1141]" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235" pagination="223 - 301" refId="ref29120" refString="Ryland JS, Hayward PJ. 1992. Bryozoa from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 32: 223 - 301." type="journal article" year="1992">Ryland and Hayward 1992</bibRefCitation>
, p 280
</taxonomicName>
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, Figure 26d;
<treatmentCitation id="350C10C1FF999410B8FCC47AFB25394D" author="Tilbrook KJ" box="[927,1180,1117,1141]" page="217" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF999410B8FCC47AFBF5394D" author="Tilbrook KJ" box="[927,1100,1117,1141]" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235" refId="ref29804" refString="Tilbrook KJ. 2006. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa of the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara: Santa Barbara Musuem of Natural History, 390 p. (Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History monographs; 4 (Studies in biodiversity; 3 ))." type="book" year="2006">Tilbrook 2006</bibRefCitation>
, p 217
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, Figures 46F,
<specimenCount id="A2ABFD59FF999410BA5CC45AFECC39AD" box="[319,373,1149,1173]" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235" type="generic">47F.</specimenCount>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF999412BBE9C4E9FD793DCA" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="2237" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235" type="description">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF999410BBE9C4E9FE9D39DD" blockId="40.[138,292,1230,1253]" box="[138,292,1230,1253]" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF999410BBE9C4E9FE9D39DD" box="[138,292,1230,1253]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235">Measurements</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF999410BBE9C4D9FB18380E" blockId="40.[138,1185,1277,1334]" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235">
ZL, 0.48–0.60 (0.543¡0.040). ZW, 0.35–0.45 (0.406¡0.034). OrL, 0.08–0.09 (0.083¡0.005). OrW, 0.13–0.15 (0.138¡0.004). OvL, 0.024. OvW, 0.031 (ovicell
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF999410BF3FC539FBD3380D" box="[1116,1130,1310,1333]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235">n</emphasis>
51).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF999410BBE9C549FEBA38BE" blockId="40.[138,259,1390,1414]" box="[138,259,1390,1414]" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF999410BBE9C549FEBA38BE" box="[138,259,1390,1414]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF999410BBE9C5B9FEB93BAD" blockId="40.[138,1186,1438,1685]" pageId="40" pageNumber="2235">Colony unilaminar, encrusting, white; frontal wall smooth, only moderately inflated, completely covered with large pores, each occluded by a finely cribriform plate with triradial suture lines. Orifice D-shaped, broader than long, proximal margin straight, oral spines lacking. Ascopore ringed by a narrow rim; opening irregular, elliptical, or lunate in outline, the margin irregularly denticulate; separated from orifice by about length of orifice. Ovicell smooth, sunken in frontal wall of distal zooid, flattened, with chevron-shaped transverse ridge with small umbo at apex, and with semicircle of pores just inside the periphery.</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D26658FF989411BB1EC667FB2D3BB0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231981" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5231981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231981/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="2236" startId="41.[125,185,1600,1619]" targetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" targetPageId="41">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF989411BB1EC667FB2D3BB0" blockId="41.[125,1172,1600,1672]" pageId="41" pageNumber="2236">
Figure 13. (A–C)
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF989411BA4FC667FE4B3B6B" authority="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari, 2006" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[300,498,1600,1619]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lacernidae" genus="Cribellopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="41" pageNumber="2236" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="souleorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF989411BA4FC667FE4B3B6B" box="[300,498,1600,1619]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="2236">Cribellopora souleorum</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEA57B9FF989411BA9AC667FD893B6B" box="[505,560,1600,1619]" pageId="41" pageNumber="2236" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.20): (A) autozooids and ovicellate zooids; note predation hole in ovicell at right and scars on both ovicells; (B) enlargement of orifice; (C) ancestrula (lower right) and three periancestrular zooids; note predation holes in frontal walls of two zooids. (D, E)
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF989411BF3BC652FB2D3BB0" box="[1112,1172,1653,1672]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lacernidae" genus="Nimba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="41" pageNumber="2236" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">Nimba</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9B9412BBE9C0AEFEB23D99" blockId="42.[138,267,137,161]" box="[138,267,137,161]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9B9412BBE9C0AEFEB23D99" box="[138,267,137,161]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9B9412BBE9C09EFD793DCA" blockId="42.[138,1185,185,242]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Mascarene Islands, Indian Ocean; Great Barrier Reef (for references, see synonymies). This is the first record for the Hawaiian Islands.</paragraph>
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</treatment>
</document>

186
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<heading id="EF5A81BCFF9B9412BAC2C170FCD03C57" box="[417,873,343,367]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9B9412BAC2C170FD6E3C57" bold="true" box="[417,727,343,367]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Cribellopora souleorum</emphasis>
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(
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)
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9B9412BBE9C1EDFE9B3CD9" box="[138,290,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Type material</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9B9412BBE9C1DDFE343F8C" blockId="42.[138,1185,506,692]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">
<materialsCitation id="04C53C8DFF9B9412BBE9C1DDFC623F0A" collectingDate="2005-03-01" collectorName="M. H. Dick" county="Kapa'a Beach Park" elevation="2" location="Island" municipality="Beach Park" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF9B9412BBE9C1DDFF433F2A" box="[138,250,506,530]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: NHM 2006.7.21.19, unbleached specimen;
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Kapa’a
<collectingMunicipality id="5476ACAAFF9B9412B8F2C1DDFB993F2A" box="[913,1056,506,530]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Beach Park</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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of
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;
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<collectingDate id="D057E9F8FF9B9412BB8FC23DFE2C3F0A" box="[236,405,538,562]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237" value="2005-03-01">1 March 2005</collectingDate>
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;
<collectorName id="19585306FF9B9412BAC2C23DFD953F0A" box="[417,556,538,562]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">M. H. Dick</collectorName>
, collector; intertidal,
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low tide
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.
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: same locality and collecting information as for
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF9B9412B9F1C21CFD433F6B" box="[658,762,571,595]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF9B9412B86EC21CFCCB3F6B" box="[781,882,571,595]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
1, NHM 2006.7.21.20, specimen HI-3 (part), bleached, coated for SEM.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF9B9412B9B7C27CFC803F4B" box="[724,825,603,627]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
2, YPM-38557, specimen HI- 8, bleached, coated for SEM; with
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF9B9412B907C25CFCF23FAB" authorityName="Soule and Soule" authorityYear="1973" box="[612,843,635,659]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Smittinidae" genus="Parasmittina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="serrula">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9B9412B907C25CFCF23FAB" box="[612,843,635,659]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Parasmittina serrula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF9B9412B806C25CFC733FAB" box="[869,970,635,659]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
3, YPM-38558, unbleached specimen.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9B9412BBE9C2CAFF423E3D" box="[138,251,749,773]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9B9412BBE9C339FE2C3E6E" blockId="42.[138,1185,798,854]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">The species is named in honour of John D. and Dorothy F. Soule, who studied Hawaiian bryozoans for decades.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9B9412BBE9C3A8FE9D3E9E" blockId="42.[138,292,911,934]" box="[138,292,911,934]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9B9412BBE9C3A8FE9D3E9E" box="[138,292,911,934]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Measurements</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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ZL, 0.35–0.50 (0.410¡0.041). ZW, 0.25–0.36 (0.300¡0.031). OrL, 0.06–0.07 (0.066¡0.004). OrW, 0.08–0.09 (0.085¡0.006). OvL, 0.14–0.20 (0.167¡0.021). OvW, 0.19–0.20 (0.198¡0.004) (ovicell
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9B9412B913C426FDC73920" box="[624,638,1025,1048]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">n</emphasis>
56).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9B9412BBE9C476FEBA3951" box="[138,259,1105,1129]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9B9412BBE9C4A5FB1838E6" blockId="42.[138,1185,1153,1502]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">
Colony small, the largest observed
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×
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, unilaminar, encrusting, sheet-like, white in colour. Zooids irregularly hexagonal to barrel-shaped, distinct, separated by a sharp incision, the lateral walls sloping slightly so that a small amount of lateral gymnocyst is visible, forming a sharp boundary with frontal wall. Frontal wall (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9B9412B8F5C4C4FBA239C3" box="[918,1051,1251,1275]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="41.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@41.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 13. (A–C) Cribellopora souleorum n. sp., paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.20): (A) autozooids and ovicellate zooids; note predation hole in ovicell at right and scars on both ovicells; (B) enlargement of orifice; (C) ancestrula (lower right) and three periancestrular zooids; note predation holes in frontal walls of two zooids. (D, E) Nimba" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231981/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Figure 13A</figureCitation>
) slightly to moderately convex, smooth, imperforate except for a single row of large, stellate pores along each lateral margin. Primary orifice (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9B9412B915C503FD403804" box="[630,761,1316,1340]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="41.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@41.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 13. (A–C) Cribellopora souleorum n. sp., paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.20): (A) autozooids and ovicellate zooids; note predation hole in ovicell at right and scars on both ovicells; (B) enlargement of orifice; (C) ancestrula (lower right) and three periancestrular zooids; note predation holes in frontal walls of two zooids. (D, E) Nimba" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231981/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Figure 13B</figureCitation>
) semicircular, typically broader than long, with a small, distinct, teardrop-shaped median sinus with a restricted opening; proximal margin straight except for sinus; condyles a long, smooth cap on condylar shelves flanking sinus. Smooth gymnocystal calcification surrounds orifice, forming a flat, slightly raised flange proximal to orifice. Three pairs of short, straight spines flank the orifice laterally and distally. Peristome lacking. Ovicell (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9B9412B9DFC5E1FCF838E6" box="[700,833,1478,1502]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="41.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@41.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 13. (A–C) Cribellopora souleorum n. sp., paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.20): (A) autozooids and ovicellate zooids; note predation hole in ovicell at right and scars on both ovicells; (B) enlargement of orifice; (C) ancestrula (lower right) and three periancestrular zooids; note predation holes in frontal walls of two zooids. (D, E) Nimba" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231981/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Figure 13A</figureCitation>
) raised, globose, conspicuous,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9B9412BBE9C633FDAF3BAA" blockId="42.[138,1185,1556,1682]" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF9B9412BBE9C633FE133B1F" authority="Hayward and Ryland" authorityName="Hayward and Ryland" box="[138,426,1556,1575]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lacernidae" genus="Nimba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="saxatilis">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9B9412BBE9C633FF763B1F" box="[138,207,1556,1575]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">saxatilis</emphasis>
Hayward and Ryland
</taxonomicName>
: (D) autozooid; (E) enlargement showing primary and secondary orifices. (F)
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF9B9412BBE9C608FDEE3B7A" authority="Winston and Heimberg" authorityName="Winston and Heimberg" box="[138,599,1583,1602]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Crepidacanthidae" genus="Crepidacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="carsioseta">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9B9412BBE9C608FEDC3B7A" box="[138,357,1583,1602]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Crepidacantha carsioseta</emphasis>
Winston and Heimberg
</taxonomicName>
: autozooids and one ovicellate zooid. (G, H)
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF9B9412BF41C608FE333B65" authority="Canu and Bassler" authorityName="Canu and Bassler" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Crepidacanthidae" genus="Crepidacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="longiseta">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9B9412BF41C608FF6D3B65" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="2237">Crepidacantha longiseta</emphasis>
Canu and Bassler
</taxonomicName>
: (G) autozooids and one ovicellate zooid; (H) unbleached specimen showing long avicularian mandibles and dense marginal setose spines. All specimens except (H) bleached. Scale bars: 400 Mm (A, C); 100 Mm (B, E); 500 Mm (D, F–H).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9A9413BB1EC0AFFEEC3CA7" blockId="43.[125,1172,136,415]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2238">
slightly broader than long, resting on frontal wall of succeeding zooid, smooth textured, with numerous minute pores difficult to observe with light microscopy; pores sometimes covered by smooth calcification in central and proximal region; orificial margin of ovicell with a narrow flange, sometimes upturned. Ancestrula (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9A9413B85DC0CFFC7D3C38" box="[830,964,232,256]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="41.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@41.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 13. (A–C) Cribellopora souleorum n. sp., paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.20): (A) autozooids and ovicellate zooids; note predation hole in ovicell at right and scars on both ovicells; (B) enlargement of orifice; (C) ancestrula (lower right) and three periancestrular zooids; note predation holes in frontal walls of two zooids. (D, E) Nimba" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231981/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="2238">Figure 13C</figureCitation>
) of mixed
<typeStatus id="6B168872FF9A9413BF38C0CFFB363C38" box="[1115,1167,232,256]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2238">type</typeStatus>
; tatiform with opesial opening surrounded by 11 spines, but with frontal wall and orifice of mature form inside opesia; one pair of stellate pores proximolateral to orifice. Budding pattern spiral; ancestrula produces one distal zooid, with the following two periancestrular zooids formed in angle between preceding daughter zooid and ancestrula, on one side only. Avicularia lacking.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9A9413BB1EC1F0FF653CD7" blockId="43.[125,220,471,495]" box="[125,220,471,495]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2238">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9A9413BB1EC1F0FF653CD7" box="[125,220,471,495]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="2238">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9A9413BB1EC220FEA63F47" blockId="43.[125,1172,519,639]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2238">
The following combination of characters distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF9A9413B826C220FBF13F27" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[837,1096,519,543]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lacernidae" genus="Cribellopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="43" pageNumber="2238" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="souleorum">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9A9413B826C220FBF13F27" box="[837,1096,519,543]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="2238">Cribellopora souleorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from previously described species: single row of stellate pores along lateral margins; constricted opening to sinus; six oral spines; long, smooth condyles; ovicell covered with minute pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9A9413BB1EC290FF443FF7" blockId="43.[125,253,695,719]" box="[125,253,695,719]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2238">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9A9413BB1EC290FF443FF7" box="[125,253,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="2238">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9A9413BB1EC2C0FB833FC7" blockId="43.[125,1082,743,767]" box="[125,1082,743,767]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2238">
Kapa’a Beach on the northwest coast of
<collectingRegion id="7669F832FF9A9413B938C2C0FD143FC7" box="[603,685,743,767]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="43" pageNumber="2238">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
Island is the only known locality.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<heading id="EF5A81BCFF9D9414BA54C0CEFC523C39" box="[311,1003,233,257]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF9D9414BA54C0CEFC523C39" ID-CoL="ZD5J" authority="Winston and Heimberg, 1986" authorityName="Winston and Heimberg" authorityYear="1986" box="[311,1003,233,257]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Crepidacanthidae" genus="Crepidacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="carsioseta">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9D9414BA54C0CEFD3A3C39" bold="true" box="[311,643,233,257]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Crepidacantha carsioseta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF9D9414B9EFC0CEFC523C39" author="Winston JE &amp; Heimberg BF" box="[652,1003,233,257]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" pagination="1 - 49" refId="ref29997" refString="Winston JE, Heimberg BF. 1986. Bryozoans from Bali, Lombok, and Komodo. American Museum Novitates 2847: 1 - 49." type="journal article" year="1986">Winston and Heimberg, 1986</bibRefCitation>
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(
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)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF9D9414BBE9C164FE033CA3" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" type="reference_group">
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9D9414BBE9C164FE213C63" box="[138,408,323,347]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Crepidacantha carsioseta</emphasis>
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, p 27
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, Figures 64–66.
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9D9414BBE9C144FE213C43" box="[138,408,355,379]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Crepidacantha carsioseta</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF9D9414BACAC144FD503C43" author="Ryland JS &amp; Hayward PJ" box="[425,745,355,379]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" pagination="223 - 301" refId="ref29120" refString="Ryland JS, Hayward PJ. 1992. Bryozoa from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 32: 223 - 301." type="journal article" year="1992">Ryland and Hayward 1992</bibRefCitation>
, p 277
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, Figure 25d;
<treatmentCitation id="350C10C1FF9D9414B8B7C144FE9D3CA3" author="Tilbrook KJ &amp; Hayward PJ &amp; Gordon DP" page="92" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF9D9414B8B7C144FF5A3CA3" author="Tilbrook KJ &amp; Hayward PJ &amp; Gordon DP" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref29895" refString="Tilbrook KJ, Hayward PJ, Gordon DP. 2001. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London 131: 35 - 109." type="journal article" year="2001">Tilbrook et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
, p 92
</treatmentCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9D9414BA51C1A4FE0F3CA3" box="[306,438,387,411]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="51.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-174@51.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 16. Disporella compta n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.22): (A) partial view of colony, showing one elongate and two oval maculae among seven maculae present in colony; (B) enlargement of a macula; (C) columns of fused peristomes of three to four autozooids; (D) enlargement of kenozooidal opening showing palm-tree-shaped pinhead spinules. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 400 Mm (C); 50 Mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231987/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Figure 16A</figureCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF9D9414BBE9C1F3FD793902" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" type="description">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9414BBE9C1F3FE9D3CD3" blockId="44.[138,292,468,491]" box="[138,292,468,491]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9D9414BBE9C1F3FE9D3CD3" box="[138,292,468,491]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Measurements</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9414BBE9C224FDAB3F63" blockId="44.[138,1185,515,603]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">ZL, 0.45–0.60 (0.506¡0.040). ZW, 0.26–0.41 (0.323¡0.041). OrL, 0.09–0.10 (0.097¡0.005). OrW, 0.07–0.10 (0.083¡0.010). OvL, 0.13–0.16 (0.134¡0.013). OvW, 0.15–0.19 (0.170¡0.014).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9414BBE9C2B4FEBA3F93" blockId="44.[138,259,659,683]" box="[138,259,659,683]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9D9414BBE9C2B4FEBA3F93" box="[138,259,659,683]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9414BBE9C2E4FCAF3EA2" blockId="44.[138,1185,707,922]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Colony unilaminar, encrusting, light tan to off-white in colour. Frontal wall finely tuberculate, imperforate except for small, scarcely evident marginal pores. Primary orifice constricted laterally by obliquely triangular condylar processes; proximal margin convex. Oral spines lacking. A pair of frontal avicularia lies proximal to orifice, both pointing medially, often slightly offset from one another, with long-setose mandibles; marginal zooids with numerous long, spinous processes around zooidal margin. Ovicell raised, globose, smooth, with crescent of pores in a single row.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9414BBE9C3F5FEB23ED2" blockId="44.[138,267,978,1002]" box="[138,267,978,1002]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9D9414BBE9C3F5FEB23ED2" box="[138,267,978,1002]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9414BBE9C424FD793902" blockId="44.[138,1185,1027,1082]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">
<collectingRegion id="7669F832FF9D9414BBE9C424FF023923" box="[138,187,1027,1051]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Bali</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FF9D9414BBA9C424FE863923" box="[202,319,1027,1051]" name="Indonesia" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
; Great Barrier Reef,
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FF9D9414B95EC424FD113923" box="[573,680,1027,1051]" name="Australia" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Australia</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FF9D9414B9DBC424FCA23923" box="[696,795,1027,1051]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
(see synonymies for references). This is the first record for the Hawaiian Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

157
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<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF9D9414BA32C445FC0A3942" box="[337,947,1122,1146]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9414BA32C445FC0A3942" blockId="44.[337,947,1122,1179]" box="[337,947,1122,1146]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">
<heading id="EF5A81BCFF9D9414BA32C445FC0A3942" box="[337,947,1122,1146]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF9D9414BA32C445FC0A3942" ID-CoL="ZD5P" authority="Canu and Bassler, 1928" authorityName="Canu and Bassler" authorityYear="1928" box="[337,947,1122,1146]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Crepidacanthidae" genus="Crepidacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="longiseta">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9D9414BA32C445FD363942" bold="true" box="[337,655,1122,1146]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Crepidacantha longiseta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF9D9414B9FBC445FC0A3942" author="Canu F &amp; Bassler RS" box="[664,947,1122,1146]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" pagination="1 - 199" refId="ref27265" refString="Canu F, Bassler RS. 1928. Fossil and Recent Bryozoa of the Gulf of Mexcio region. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 72: 1 - 199." type="journal article" year="1928">Canu and Bassler, 1928</bibRefCitation>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF9D9414B945C4A4FD5F39A3" box="[550,742,1155,1179]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" type="description">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9414B945C4A4FD5F39A3" blockId="44.[337,947,1122,1179]" box="[550,742,1155,1179]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">
(
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9D9414B94DC4A4FD6439A3" box="[558,733,1155,1179]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="41.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@41.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 13. (A–C) Cribellopora souleorum n. sp., paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.20): (A) autozooids and ovicellate zooids; note predation hole in ovicell at right and scars on both ovicells; (B) enlargement of orifice; (C) ancestrula (lower right) and three periancestrular zooids; note predation holes in frontal walls of two zooids. (D, E) Nimba" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231981/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Figure 13G, H</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF9D9414BBE9C49AFE95382D" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9414BBE9C49AFBE239CD" blockId="44.[138,1115,1213,1301]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BD11FEFF9D9414BBE9C49AFBE239CD" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">
<treatmentCitation id="350C10C1FF9D9414BBE9C49AFD4439ED" author="Canu F &amp; Bassler RS" box="[138,765,1213,1237]" page="135" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" year="1928">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF9D9414BBE9C49AFD4439ED" ID-CoL="ZD5P" authority="Canu and Bassler 1928, p 135" authorityName="Canu and Bassler" authorityPageNumber="135" authorityYear="1928" box="[138,765,1213,1237]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Crepidacanthidae" genus="Crepidacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="longiseta">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9D9414BBE9C49AFE3739ED" box="[138,398,1213,1237]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Crepidacantha longiseta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF9D9414BAFBC49AFD1439ED" author="Canu F &amp; Bassler RS" box="[408,685,1213,1237]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" pagination="1 - 199" refId="ref27265" refString="Canu F, Bassler RS. 1928. Fossil and Recent Bryozoa of the Gulf of Mexcio region. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 72: 1 - 199." type="journal article" year="1928">Canu and Bassler 1928</bibRefCitation>
, p 135
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, Plate 21,
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9D9414B81BC49AFC5B39ED" box="[888,994,1213,1237]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="10.[138,198,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[138,1186,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-194@10.[138,1186,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 3. (A–C) Alderina flaventa n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.1): (A) group of autozooids and ovicellate zooids; (B) ovicellate zooid; (C) colony margin showing uniporous septula. (D) Parellisina albida (Hincks): autozooids, ovicellate zooid, and interzooidal avicularia. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D); 400 Mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231961" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231961/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Figures 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9D9414B891C49AFBBD39ED" box="[1010,1028,1213,1237]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="13.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-239@13.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 4. Corbulella extenuata n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.5): (A) autozooid, unbleached; (B) marginal zooids, bleached; note cap-like reduced ovicells; (C) autozooids and interzooidal avicularium (centre), bleached; (D) lateral wall of marginal autozooid showing septula, bleached. (B–D) are from same colony as (A), after bleaching. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D); 400 Mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231963/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">4</figureCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="350C10C1FF9D9414BBE9C4FAFD2B39CD" author="Gordon DP" box="[138,658,1245,1269]" page="113" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" year="1984">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF9D9414BBE9C4FAFD2B39CD" ID-CoL="ZD5P" authority=": Gordon 1984, p 113" authorityName=": Gordon" authorityPageNumber="113" authorityYear="1984" box="[138,658,1245,1269]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Crepidacanthidae" genus="Crepidacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="longiseta">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9D9414BBE9C4FAFE3739CD" box="[138,398,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Crepidacantha longiseta</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF9D9414BAFCC4FAFDFB39CD" author="Gordon DP" box="[415,578,1245,1269]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" pagination="1 - 198" refId="ref27589" refString="Gordon DP. 1984. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata from the Kermadec Ridge. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 91: 1 - 198." type="journal article" year="1984">Gordon 1984</bibRefCitation>
, p 113
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, Plate 44C;
<treatmentCitation id="350C10C1FF9D9414B846C4FAFBEF39CD" author="Tilbrook KJ &amp; Hayward PJ &amp; Gordon DP" box="[805,1110,1245,1269]" page="92" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF9D9414B846C4FAFBAC39CD" author="Tilbrook KJ &amp; Hayward PJ &amp; Gordon DP" box="[805,1045,1245,1269]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref29895" refString="Tilbrook KJ, Hayward PJ, Gordon DP. 2001. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London 131: 35 - 109." type="journal article" year="2001">Tilbrook et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
, p 92
</treatmentCitation>
,
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9414BBC6C4DAFE95382D" blockId="44.[138,1115,1213,1301]" box="[165,300,1277,1301]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9D9414BBC6C4DAFE90382D" box="[165,297,1277,1301]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="51.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-174@51.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 16. Disporella compta n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.22): (A) partial view of colony, showing one elongate and two oval maculae among seven maculae present in colony; (B) enlargement of a macula; (C) columns of fused peristomes of three to four autozooids; (D) enlargement of kenozooidal opening showing palm-tree-shaped pinhead spinules. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 400 Mm (C); 50 Mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231987/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Figure 16B</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF9D9415BBE9C569FC7D3F03" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="2240" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239" type="description">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9414BBE9C569FE9D385D" blockId="44.[138,292,1358,1381]" box="[138,292,1358,1381]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9D9414BBE9C569FE9D385D" box="[138,292,1358,1381]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Measurements</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9414BBE9C55AFD0C38ED" blockId="44.[138,1185,1405,1493]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">
ZL, 0.40–0.53 (0.461¡0.048). ZW, 0.33–0.43 (0.368¡0.030). OrL, 0.09–0.11 (0.102¡0.007). OrW, 0.08–0.09 (0.084¡0.005). OvL, 0.15–0.20 (0.178¡0.022). OvW, 0.18–0.23 (0.203¡0.019) (ovicell
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9D9414B913C599FDC738ED" box="[624,638,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">n</emphasis>
55).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9414BBE9C62AFEBA3B1D" blockId="44.[138,259,1549,1573]" box="[138,259,1549,1573]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9D9414BBE9C62AFEBA3B1D" box="[138,259,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9D9415BBE9C61AFE8B3C78" blockId="44.[138,1185,1597,1685]" lastBlockId="45.[125,1172,136,320]" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="2240" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">
Colony unilaminar, encrusting, light tan to off-white in colour. Frontal wall finely tuberculate, imperforate, with small, scarcely evident marginal pores. Primary orifice (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9D9414BBF1C65AFEA03BAD" box="[146,281,1661,1685]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="41.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@41.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 13. (A–C) Cribellopora souleorum n. sp., paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.20): (A) autozooids and ovicellate zooids; note predation hole in ovicell at right and scars on both ovicells; (B) enlargement of orifice; (C) ancestrula (lower right) and three periancestrular zooids; note predation holes in frontal walls of two zooids. (D, E) Nimba" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231981/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="2239">Figure 13G</figureCitation>
) constricted laterally by obliquely triangular condylar processes; proximal margin straight. Oral spines lacking. Peristome proximal to orifice slightly developed as a thick, crescent-shaped ridge with a slight umbo in midline. A pair of avicularia lies lateral to orifice, both pointing proximally with long-setose mandibles; zooids with numerous long, spinous processes (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9C9415BA08C0CFFE4A3C38" box="[363,499,232,256]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="41.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@41.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 13. (A–C) Cribellopora souleorum n. sp., paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.20): (A) autozooids and ovicellate zooids; note predation hole in ovicell at right and scars on both ovicells; (B) enlargement of orifice; (C) ancestrula (lower right) and three periancestrular zooids; note predation holes in frontal walls of two zooids. (D, E) Nimba" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231981/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240">Figure 13H</figureCitation>
) around zooidal margin. Ovicell (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9C9415B8C4C0CFFB963C38" box="[935,1071,232,256]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="41.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@41.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 13. (A–C) Cribellopora souleorum n. sp., paratype 1 (NHM 2006.7.21.20): (A) autozooids and ovicellate zooids; note predation hole in ovicell at right and scars on both ovicells; (B) enlargement of orifice; (C) ancestrula (lower right) and three periancestrular zooids; note predation holes in frontal walls of two zooids. (D, E) Nimba" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231981/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240">Figure 13G</figureCitation>
) raised, globose, smooth, slightly ridged in midline, with a double row of small pores in a crescent near distal end.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9C9415BB1EC15FFF443CA8" blockId="45.[125,253,376,400]" box="[125,253,376,400]" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9C9415BB1EC15FFF443CA8" box="[125,253,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9C9415BB1EC18FFBA03CD8" blockId="45.[125,1172,424,480]" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240">
Putatively circumtropical;
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FF9C9415BADEC18FFDBD3CF8" box="[445,516,424,448]" name="Brazil" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Caribbean,
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FF9C9415B9C5C18FFCA23CF8" box="[678,795,424,448]" name="Mauritius" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FF9C9415B84DC18FFC2D3CF8" box="[814,916,424,448]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
, and western Indian Ocean (
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). This is the first record for the Hawaiian Islands.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9C9415BA26C225FE5D3F22" bold="true" box="[325,484,514,538]" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240">Superfamily</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF9C9415BA8EC225FC153F22" authority="Johnston, 1838" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1838" box="[493,940,514,538]" class="Gymnolaemata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Celleporoidea">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9C9415BA8EC225FD493F22" bold="true" box="[493,752,514,538]" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240">CELLEPOROIDEA</emphasis>
Johnston, 1838
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9C9415BA54C204FE2B3F03" bold="true" box="[311,402,547,571]" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240">Family</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF9C9415BAF8C204FC7D3F03" authority="Gabb and Horn, 1862" authorityName="Gabb and Horn" authorityYear="1862" box="[411,964,547,571]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9C9415BAF8C204FD0A3F03" bold="true" box="[411,691,547,571]" pageId="45" pageNumber="2240">PHIDOLOPORIDAE</emphasis>
Gabb and Horn, 1862
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9E9417BAF7C131FD0C3C16" bold="true" box="[404,693,278,302]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">Rhynchozoon ferocula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF9E9417B9DDC131FCCA3C16" author="Hayward PJ" box="[702,883,278,302]" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242" pagination="269 - 356" refId="ref28029" refString="Hayward PJ. 1988. Mauritian cheilostome Bryozoa. Journal of Zoology, London 215: 269 - 356." type="journal article" year="1988">Hayward, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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(
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9E9417B94DC110FD6F3C77" box="[558,726,311,335]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="46.[138,198,1237,1256]" captionTargetBox="[138,1186,127,1200]" captionTargetId="figure-123@46.[138,1186,127,1200]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figure 14. (A–C) Metacleidochasma verrucosa n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.21): (A) autozooids; (B) enlargement of orifice; (C) ancestrula. (D–F) Rhynchozoon ferocula Hayward: (D) view of entire colony; this small colony of 27 zooids has produced eight ovicells; (E) ovicellate zooids; (F) enlargement of primary orifice. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 400 Mm (A, E); 100 Mm (B, C, F); 1 mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231983/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">Figure 14D–F</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFF9E9417BB1EC155FEF83CF3" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9E9417BB1EC155FCAB3CB2" blockId="47.[125,1152,370,459]" box="[125,786,370,394]" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">
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<treatmentCitation id="350C10C1FF9E9417BB1EC155FDCC3CB2" author="Hayward PJ" box="[125,629,370,394]" page="332" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242" year="1988">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF9E9417BB1EC155FDCC3CB2" ID-CoL="6WVRJ" authority="Hayward 1988, p 332" authorityName="Hayward" authorityPageNumber="332" authorityYear="1988" box="[125,629,370,394]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Rhynchozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ferocula">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9E9417BB1EC155FED53CB2" box="[125,364,370,394]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">Rhynchozoon ferocula</emphasis>
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, p 332
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, Plate 13a–c.
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<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF9E9417BB1EC1B4FD053C93" ID-CoL="6WVRJ" authority=": Tilbrook et al. 2001, p 100" authorityName="Tilbrook" authorityPageNumber="100" authorityYear="2001" box="[125,700,403,427]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Rhynchozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ferocula">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9E9417BB1EC1B4FED53C93" box="[125,364,403,427]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">Rhynchozoon ferocula</emphasis>
:
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, p 100
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, Figure 22A, B;
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, p 297
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, Figure 65E, F.
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9E9417BB1EC222FEAE3F24" box="[125,279,517,540]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">Measurements</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9E9417BB1EC212FDBC3FB5" blockId="47.[125,1172,564,654]" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">ZL, 0.28–0.36 (0.326¡0.032). ZW, 0.18–0.25 (0.220¡0.022). OrL, 0.08–0.10 (0.086¡0.008). OrW, 0.08–0.10 (0.087¡0.007). OvL, 0.12–0.15 (0.135¡0.010). OvW, 0.16–0.20 (0.183¡0.015).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9E9417BB1EC2E1FF4C3FE6" blockId="47.[125,245,710,734]" box="[125,245,710,734]" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9E9417BB1EC2E1FF4C3FE6" box="[125,245,710,734]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9E9417BB1EC2D0FC5B38EB" blockId="47.[125,1173,759,1491]" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">
Colony unilaminar, encrusting, sheet-like, becoming a low mound-like disc with frontal budding in older colonies; white in colour; minute, the largest observed
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×
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; rapidly becoming fertile, with ovicellate zooids beginning as soon as second generation after ancestrula; one colony (
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in diameter has 27 zooids, eight of which have ovicells. Colony surrounded by calcified lamina one or two zooid lengths deep, representing basal walls of newly forming zooids. Marginal zooids hexagonal or barrel shaped. Frontal wall moderately convex, smooth at first, but later lumpy with uniform low tuberculation or a few small nodules, or rugose; imperforate except for two to four areolae along each lateral margin. Primary orifice (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9E9417BA5BC3DFFE003928" box="[312,441,1016,1040]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="46.[138,198,1237,1256]" captionTargetBox="[138,1186,127,1200]" captionTargetId="figure-123@46.[138,1186,127,1200]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figure 14. (A–C) Metacleidochasma verrucosa n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.21): (A) autozooids; (B) enlargement of orifice; (C) ancestrula. (D–F) Rhynchozoon ferocula Hayward: (D) view of entire colony; this small colony of 27 zooids has produced eight ovicells; (E) ovicellate zooids; (F) enlargement of primary orifice. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 400 Mm (A, E); 100 Mm (B, C, F); 1 mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231983/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">Figure 14F</figureCitation>
) width approximately equal to length (including sinus); beaded with 11–14 denticles; proximal sinus U-shaped, about one-third the width of the orifice, flanked by distinct condylar shelves, each buttressed with a ridge; condyles small, rounded, not reaching sinus. Marginal zooids with two to five (mode5four) short, tapering, tubular oral spines around distal margin. Peristome developed proximally and laterally as a thickened, raised lip, typically with paired, conical or nodular lateral projections and an additional one to three similar projections between them. A suboral avicularium is entirely lacking in our specimens. Some zooids have a small frontal avicularium (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9E9417B8A0C4FDFBFC39CA" box="[963,1093,1242,1266]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="46.[138,198,1237,1256]" captionTargetBox="[138,1186,127,1200]" captionTargetId="figure-123@46.[138,1186,127,1200]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figure 14. (A–C) Metacleidochasma verrucosa n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.21): (A) autozooids; (B) enlargement of orifice; (C) ancestrula. (D–F) Rhynchozoon ferocula Hayward: (D) view of entire colony; this small colony of 27 zooids has produced eight ovicells; (E) ovicellate zooids; (F) enlargement of primary orifice. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 400 Mm (A, E); 100 Mm (B, C, F); 1 mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231983/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">Figure 14E</figureCitation>
) along the lateral or proximal margin, the rostrum raised at an angle to the frontal surface, the acute mandible longer than broad and usually pointing toward the zooidal margin. Ovicell (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FF9E9417BBE6C51DFEB1386A" box="[133,264,1338,1362]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="46.[138,198,1237,1256]" captionTargetBox="[138,1186,127,1200]" captionTargetId="figure-123@46.[138,1186,127,1200]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figure 14. (A–C) Metacleidochasma verrucosa n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.21): (A) autozooids; (B) enlargement of orifice; (C) ancestrula. (D–F) Rhynchozoon ferocula Hayward: (D) view of entire colony; this small colony of 27 zooids has produced eight ovicells; (E) ovicellate zooids; (F) enlargement of primary orifice. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 400 Mm (A, E); 100 Mm (B, C, F); 1 mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231983/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">Figure 14E</figureCitation>
) hemispherical, conspicuous; covered with heavy calcification continuous with frontal wall of succeeding zooid, or sometimes with contributions from two zooids delineated by a suture line; smooth in texture or faintly rugose or granulose, often with a small mammiform projection on top and occasionally with small nodules lateral to tabula; labellum complete along proximal margin, delineating a transversely elliptical tabula.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9E9417BB1EC62BFF653B1C" blockId="47.[125,220,1548,1572]" box="[125,220,1548,1572]" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF9E9417BB1EC62BFF653B1C" box="[125,220,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF9E9408BB1EC61BFDD23C78" blockId="47.[125,1172,1596,1685]" lastBlockId="48.[138,1185,136,320]" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="2243" pageId="47" pageNumber="2242">
There are some difference between the Hawaiian specimens and material previously described from other localities. The sinus is more open, with the sides forming nearly a right angle with the condylar shelves, and zooids bear no more than a single frontal avicularium. We identify our material as
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FF819408B93DC0AEFD6B3D98" box="[606,722,136,160]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Rhynchozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="48" pageNumber="2243" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ferocula">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF819408B93DC0AEFD6B3D98" box="[606,722,136,160]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="2243">R. ferocula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the basis of the small, discoid colony with a broad marginal lamina; the relatively small, few areolar pores; usually four oral spines; the peristome consisting of a thickened lip with processes; the lack of a suboral avicularium; and the small, transversely elliptical tabula of the ovicell. The condylar shelves, although not constricting the opening to the sinus, are buttressed with a sharp ridge like that in material from other localities.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF819408BBE9C15FFEB23CA8" blockId="48.[138,267,376,400]" box="[138,267,376,400]" pageId="48" pageNumber="2243">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FF819408BBE9C15FFEB23CA8" box="[138,267,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="2243">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FF819408BBE9C18FFB873CD8" blockId="48.[138,1185,424,480]" pageId="48" pageNumber="2243">
Originally described from
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FF819408BADDC18FFD893CF8" box="[446,560,424,448]" name="Mauritius" pageId="48" pageNumber="2243">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF819408B922C18FFD4C3CF8" author="Hayward PJ" box="[577,757,424,448]" pageId="48" pageNumber="2243" pagination="269 - 356" refId="ref28029" refString="Hayward PJ. 1988. Mauritian cheilostome Bryozoa. Journal of Zoology, London 215: 269 - 356." type="journal article" year="1988">Hayward 1988</bibRefCitation>
), this species has also been found at
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FF819408BBE9C1EFFF543CD8" box="[138,237,456,480]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="48" pageNumber="2243">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FF819408BB9DC1EFFE4B3CD8" author="Tilbrook KJ &amp; Hayward PJ &amp; Gordon DP" box="[254,498,456,480]" pageId="48" pageNumber="2243" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref29895" refString="Tilbrook KJ, Hayward PJ, Gordon DP. 2001. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London 131: 35 - 109." type="journal article" year="2001">Tilbrook et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
). This is the first record for the Hawaiian Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

152
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<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFFA89421BAE4C63AFCC43B0D" box="[391,893,1565,1589]" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFA89421BAE4C63AFCC43B0D" blockId="25.[378,920,1499,1622]" box="[391,893,1565,1589]" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220">
<heading id="EF5A81BCFFA89421BAE4C63AFCC43B0D" box="[391,893,1565,1589]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFA89421BAE4C63AFCC43B0D" ID-CoL="3BGPR" authority="Dumont, 1981" authorityName="Dumont" authorityYear="1981" box="[391,893,1565,1589]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Exochellidae" genus="Escharoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="longirostris">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFA89421BAE4C63AFD7C3B0D" bold="true" box="[391,709,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220">Escharoides longirostris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFA89421B9ADC63AFCC43B0D" author="Dumont JPC" box="[718,893,1565,1589]" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220" pagination="623 - 637" refId="ref27470" refString="Dumont JPC. 1981. A report on the cheilostome Bryozoa of the Sudanese Red Sea. Journal of Natural History 15: 623 - 637." type="journal article" year="1981">Dumont, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="B41236D0FFA89421B945C619FD6F3B6E" blockId="25.[378,920,1499,1622]" box="[550,726,1598,1622]" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220">
(
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFA89421B94DC619FD743B6E" box="[558,717,1598,1622]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="25.[125,184,883,902]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetId="figure-162@25.[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 8. (A, B) Drepanophora corrugata (Thornely): (A) autozooids; (B) enlargement of orifice from distal view showing lyrula and condyles. (C, D) Escharoides longirostris (Dumont): (C) autozooids and one ovicellate zooid; (D) enlargement of orifice and lateral oral avicularium. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C); 100 Mm (B, D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231971/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220">Figure 8C, D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFFA89422BB1EC65DFE793DF9" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="2221" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFA89422BB1EC65DFE793DF9" blockId="25.[125,768,1658,1682]" lastBlockId="26.[138,1185,137,193]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="2221" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="94BD11FEFFA89422BB1EC65DFE793DF9" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="2221" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220">
<treatmentCitation id="350C10C1FFA89421BB1EC65DFDC03BAA" author="Dumont JPC" box="[125,633,1658,1682]" page="630" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220" year="1981">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFA89421BB1EC65DFDC03BAA" ID-CoL="3BGPR" authority="Dumont 1981, p 630" authorityName="Dumont" authorityPageNumber="630" authorityYear="1981" box="[125,633,1658,1682]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Exochellidae" genus="Escharoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="longirostris">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFA89421BB1EC65DFECC3BAA" box="[125,373,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220">Escharoides longirostris</emphasis>
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, p 630
</taxonomicName>
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,
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFA89421B9E5C65DFD423BAA" box="[646,763,1658,1682]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[138,198,833,852]" captionTargetBox="[344,979,135,797]" captionTargetId="figure-309@4.[342,981,133,797]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Outline map of the Island of Hawaii, showing the location of the main town, Hilo, and the four localities examined for bryozoans (smaller circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231957/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="2220">Figure 1A</figureCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="350C10C1FFAB9422BBE9C0AEFD333D99" author="Hayward PJ" box="[138,650,137,161]" page="293" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221" year="1988">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFAB9422BBE9C0AEFD333D99" ID-CoL="3BGPR" authority=": Hayward 1988, p 293" authorityName=": Hayward" authorityPageNumber="293" authorityYear="1988" box="[138,650,137,161]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Exochellidae" genus="Escharoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="longirostris">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFAB9422BBE9C0AEFE393D99" box="[138,384,137,161]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">Escharoides longirostris</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFAB9422BAECC0AEFD843D99" author="Hayward PJ" box="[399,573,137,161]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221" pagination="269 - 356" refId="ref28029" refString="Hayward PJ. 1988. Mauritian cheilostome Bryozoa. Journal of Zoology, London 215: 269 - 356." type="journal article" year="1988">Hayward 1988</bibRefCitation>
, p 293
</taxonomicName>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="350C10C1FFAB9422B9F5C0AEFBA53D99" author="Hayward PJ &amp; Ryland JS" box="[662,1052,137,161]" page="548" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFAB9422B9F5C0AEFC773D99" author="Hayward PJ &amp; Ryland JS" box="[662,974,137,161]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221" pagination="533 - 573" refId="ref28112" refString="Hayward PJ, Ryland JS. 1995. Bryozoa from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. 2. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 38: 533 - 573." type="journal article" year="1995">Hayward and Ryland 1995</bibRefCitation>
, p 548
</treatmentCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFAB9422BF44C0AEFB253D99" box="[1063,1180,137,161]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="25.[125,184,883,902]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetId="figure-162@25.[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 8. (A, B) Drepanophora corrugata (Thornely): (A) autozooids; (B) enlargement of orifice from distal view showing lyrula and condyles. (C, D) Escharoides longirostris (Dumont): (C) autozooids and one ovicellate zooid; (D) enlargement of orifice and lateral oral avicularium. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C); 100 Mm (B, D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231971/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">Figure 8A</figureCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="350C10C1FFAB9422BBE9C08EFE053DF9" author="Tilbrook KJ &amp; Hayward PJ &amp; Gordon DP" box="[138,444,169,193]" page="70" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFAB9422BBE9C08EFEC33DF9" author="Tilbrook KJ &amp; Hayward PJ &amp; Gordon DP" box="[138,378,169,193]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref29895" refString="Tilbrook KJ, Hayward PJ, Gordon DP. 2001. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London 131: 35 - 109." type="journal article" year="2001">Tilbrook et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
, p 70
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB7655BFFAB9422BBE9C12FFC1C381F" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221" type="description">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFAB9422BBE9C12FFE9D3C27" blockId="26.[138,292,264,287]" box="[138,292,264,287]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFAB9422BBE9C12FFE9D3C27" box="[138,292,264,287]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">Measurements</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFAB9422BBE9C11FFDAB3CA9" blockId="26.[138,1185,311,401]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">ZL, 0.38–0.54 (0.479¡0.050). ZW, 0.40–0.48 (0.448¡0.030). OrL, 0.12–0.14, (0.131¡0.007). OrW, 0.11–0.15 (0.130¡0.011). OvL, 0.21–0.26 (0.245¡0.015). OvW, 0.24–0.34 (0.289¡0.030).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFAB9422BBE9C1EEFEBA3CD9" blockId="26.[138,259,457,481]" box="[138,259,457,481]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFAB9422BBE9C1EEFEBA3CD9" box="[138,259,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFAB9422BBE9C1DDFF403962" blockId="26.[138,1185,506,1114]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">
Colony small, the largest observed
<quantity id="73559B35FFAB9422B951C1DDFD333F2A" box="[562,650,506,530]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
×3.0 mm; unilaminar, encrusting, sheet-like. Zooids irregularly hexagonal or barrel-shaped, distinct, delineated by a fine incision. Frontal wall moderately convex, imperforate centrally, with numerous circular areolar pores closely spaced along margins, sometimes with an additional row at lateral corners of zooid; texture smooth in young zooids, with buttresses of secondary calcification (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFAB9422BBF1C2BBFEB03F8C" box="[146,265,668,692]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="25.[125,184,883,902]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetId="figure-162@25.[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 8. (A, B) Drepanophora corrugata (Thornely): (A) autozooids; (B) enlargement of orifice from distal view showing lyrula and condyles. (C, D) Escharoides longirostris (Dumont): (C) autozooids and one ovicellate zooid; (D) enlargement of orifice and lateral oral avicularium. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C); 100 Mm (B, D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231971/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">Figure 8C</figureCitation>
) growing centripetally between areolae; with age, frontal uniformly tuberculate or with scattered nodules. Primary orifice (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFAB9422B912C29AFD533FED" box="[625,746,701,725]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="25.[125,184,883,902]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetId="figure-162@25.[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 8. (A, B) Drepanophora corrugata (Thornely): (A) autozooids; (B) enlargement of orifice from distal view showing lyrula and condyles. (C, D) Escharoides longirostris (Dumont): (C) autozooids and one ovicellate zooid; (D) enlargement of orifice and lateral oral avicularium. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C); 100 Mm (B, D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231971/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">Figure 8D</figureCitation>
) reminiscent of a fleur-de-lis in shape, with a large, coarse median denticle and swollen lateral projections; the proximal margin is raised and thickened to form a low peristome, and the denticle and lateral projections extend along the length of the inner surface. Three pairs of spines (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFAB9422B8CDC339FB9F3E0E" box="[942,1062,798,822]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="25.[125,184,883,902]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetId="figure-162@25.[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 8. (A, B) Drepanophora corrugata (Thornely): (A) autozooids; (B) enlargement of orifice from distal view showing lyrula and condyles. (C, D) Escharoides longirostris (Dumont): (C) autozooids and one ovicellate zooid; (D) enlargement of orifice and lateral oral avicularium. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C); 100 Mm (B, D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231971/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">Figure 8D</figureCitation>
) flank the orifice laterally and distally. Lateral to proximal margin of orifice is a large adventitious avicularium on one or both sides (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFAB9422B97BC378FD0E3E4F" box="[536,695,863,887]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="25.[125,184,883,902]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetId="figure-162@25.[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 8. (A, B) Drepanophora corrugata (Thornely): (A) autozooids; (B) enlargement of orifice from distal view showing lyrula and condyles. (C, D) Escharoides longirostris (Dumont): (C) autozooids and one ovicellate zooid; (D) enlargement of orifice and lateral oral avicularium. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C); 100 Mm (B, D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231971/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">Figure 8C, D</figureCitation>
), sometimes lacking; the laterally directed rostrum up to
<quantity id="73559B35FFAB9422BA5AC358FE263EAF" box="[313,415,895,919]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
long but generally shorter, laterally compressed, often hooked at the end, with the rostral margin finely serrate; mandible long-triangular, acute. Avicularian chamber with a row of areolae at the base. Ovicell (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFAB9422B992C3E7FCDE3EE0" box="[753,871,960,984]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="25.[125,184,883,902]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetId="figure-162@25.[125,1173,132,848]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 8. (A, B) Drepanophora corrugata (Thornely): (A) autozooids; (B) enlargement of orifice from distal view showing lyrula and condyles. (C, D) Escharoides longirostris (Dumont): (C) autozooids and one ovicellate zooid; (D) enlargement of orifice and lateral oral avicularium. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C); 100 Mm (B, D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231971/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">Figure 8C</figureCitation>
) hemispherical, somewhat flattened, slightly broader than long, ringed by conspicuous circular pores around margin, with scattered minute pores inside that, the perforate area rugose with age; smooth and imperforate centrally and proximally; proximolateral corners of ovicell abut the middle pair of spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFAB9422BBE9C4BAFEB2398D" blockId="26.[138,267,1181,1205]" box="[138,267,1181,1205]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFAB9422BBE9C4BAFEB2398D" box="[138,267,1181,1205]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFAB9422BBE9C4E9FC1C381F" blockId="26.[138,1185,1230,1319]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">
Originally described from the Sudanese Red Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFAB9422B9A0C4E9FCD739DE" author="Dumont JPC" box="[707,878,1230,1254]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221" pagination="623 - 637" refId="ref27470" refString="Dumont JPC. 1981. A report on the cheilostome Bryozoa of the Sudanese Red Sea. Journal of Natural History 15: 623 - 637." type="journal article" year="1981">Dumont 1981</bibRefCitation>
), this species has also been reported from
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FFAB9422BA56C4C9FE1E383E" box="[309,423,1262,1286]" name="Mauritius" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFAB9422BAD5C4C9FDDE383E" author="Hayward PJ" box="[438,615,1262,1286]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221" pagination="269 - 356" refId="ref28029" refString="Hayward PJ. 1988. Mauritian cheilostome Bryozoa. Journal of Zoology, London 215: 269 - 356." type="journal article" year="1988">Hayward 1988</bibRefCitation>
) and
<collectingCountry id="CCBA7640FFAB9422B9C8C4C9FCB7383E" box="[683,782,1262,1286]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFAB9422B87DC4C9FBA9383E" author="Tilbrook KJ &amp; Hayward PJ &amp; Gordon DP" box="[798,1040,1262,1286]" pageId="26" pageNumber="2221" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref29895" refString="Tilbrook KJ, Hayward PJ, Gordon DP. 2001. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London 131: 35 - 109." type="journal article" year="2001">Tilbrook et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
). This is the first record of the genus and the species from the Hawaiian Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

202
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBD9434BAA2C3F8FD683ECF" bold="true" box="[449,721,991,1015]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207">Corbulella extenuata</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBD9434B92BC3D8FD5A392F" box="[584,739,1023,1047]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="13.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-239@13.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 4. Corbulella extenuata n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.5): (A) autozooid, unbleached; (B) marginal zooids, bleached; note cap-like reduced ovicells; (C) autozooids and interzooidal avicularium (centre), bleached; (D) lateral wall of marginal autozooid showing septula, bleached. (B–D) are from same colony as (A), after bleaching. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D); 400 Mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231963/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207">Figure 4A–D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBD9434BBE9C477FE9B395F" box="[138,290,1103,1127]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207">Type material</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBD9434BBE9C458FB18398F" blockId="12.[138,1185,1151,1207]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207">
<materialsCitation id="04C53C8DFFBD9434BBE9C458FB18398F" collectingDate="2005-03-01" collectorName="M. H. Dick" county="Kapa'a Beach Park" elevation="2" location="Island" municipality="Beach Park" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6B168872FFBD9434BBE9C458FF4339AF" box="[138,250,1151,1175]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: NHM 2006.7.21.5, specimen HI-61, bleached, coated for SEM;
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Kapa’a
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,
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of
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;
<date id="C0131010FFBD9434BAC1C4B8FDF4398F" box="[418,589,1183,1207]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207" value="2005-03-01">
<collectingDate id="D057E9F8FFBD9434BAC1C4B8FDF4398F" box="[418,589,1183,1207]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207" value="2005-03-01">1 March 2005</collectingDate>
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;
<collectorName id="19585306FFBD9434B938C4B8FD51398F" box="[603,744,1183,1207]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207">M. H. Dick</collectorName>
, collector; intertidal,
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<elevation id="3F80D1E3FFBD9434B880C4B8FB8A398F" box="[995,1075,1183,1207]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207" unit="m" value="0.15">0.15 m</elevation>
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low tide.
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBD9434BBE9C4C9FF42383E" box="[138,251,1262,1286]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBD9434BBE9C539FB1B380E" blockId="12.[138,1186,1310,1334]" box="[138,1186,1310,1334]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207">
The species name derives from the Latin
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBD9434B924C538FD12380E" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[583,683,1311,1334]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Corbulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="extenuata">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBD9434B924C538FD12380E" box="[583,683,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207">extenuata</emphasis>
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(weak, slight), referring to the reduced ovicell.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBD9434BBE9C548FB19388E" blockId="12.[138,292,1391,1412]" box="[138,1184,1391,1462]" lastBlockId="12.[138,1184,1438,1494]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBD9434BBE9C548FE9D38BE" box="[138,292,1391,1414]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207">Measurements</emphasis>
ZL, 0.48–0.60 (0.558¡0.0425). ZW, 0.38–0.45 (0.405¡0.028). OpL, 0.30–0.38
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBD9434BBE9C599FD6038EE" blockId="12.[138,1184,1438,1494]" box="[138,729,1469,1494]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207">(0.335¡0.023). OpW, 0.23–0.25 (0.241¡0.010).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBD9434BBE9C62AFEBA3B1D" blockId="12.[138,259,1549,1573]" box="[138,259,1549,1573]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBD9434BBE9C62AFEBA3B1D" box="[138,259,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="2207">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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Colony unilaminar, encrusting, sheet-like, tan in colour. Zooids distinct, well separated by deep grooves; in bleached specimens, small lacunae evident between broad zones of interzooidal connection. Several zooids show complete regeneration of a new zooid within the opesia of another, and in one case, two successive such regenerations. Gymnocyst (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBC9435BBE6C43AFEA6390D" box="[133,287,1053,1077]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="13.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-239@13.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 4. Corbulella extenuata n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.5): (A) autozooid, unbleached; (B) marginal zooids, bleached; note cap-like reduced ovicells; (C) autozooids and interzooidal avicularium (centre), bleached; (D) lateral wall of marginal autozooid showing septula, bleached. (B–D) are from same colony as (A), after bleaching. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D); 400 Mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231963/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208">Figure 4A, B</figureCitation>
) smooth, sloping, visible around the zooid, extensive proximally, narrower laterally. Mural rim sharp, crenulate; cryptocyst a well-developed, sloping, coarsely granulated band inside mural rim, narrower distally than proximally. Around mural rim, 7– 14 well-developed tubular spines (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBC9435B97AC45AFD2B39AD" box="[537,658,1149,1173]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="13.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-239@13.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 4. Corbulella extenuata n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.5): (A) autozooid, unbleached; (B) marginal zooids, bleached; note cap-like reduced ovicells; (C) autozooids and interzooidal avicularium (centre), bleached; (D) lateral wall of marginal autozooid showing septula, bleached. (B–D) are from same colony as (A), after bleaching. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D); 400 Mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231963/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208">Figure 4A</figureCitation>
), the distal two pairs in the vicinity of the orifice thicker than the rest, with the distal pair erect and the second pair tilted toward midline; the other, more proximal spines thinner, often tilted over opesia, but not meeting in midline. Opesia (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBC9435BA08C4FBFE5939CC" box="[363,480,1244,1268]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="13.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-239@13.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 4. Corbulella extenuata n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.5): (A) autozooid, unbleached; (B) marginal zooids, bleached; note cap-like reduced ovicells; (C) autozooids and interzooidal avicularium (centre), bleached; (D) lateral wall of marginal autozooid showing septula, bleached. (B–D) are from same colony as (A), after bleaching. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D); 400 Mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231963/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208">Figure 4B</figureCitation>
) oval, widest near middle or proximally. Ovicell vestigial, comprising a small cap (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBC9435BAF0C4DBFDB3382C" box="[403,522,1276,1300]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="13.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-239@13.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 4. Corbulella extenuata n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.5): (A) autozooid, unbleached; (B) marginal zooids, bleached; note cap-like reduced ovicells; (C) autozooids and interzooidal avicularium (centre), bleached; (D) lateral wall of marginal autozooid showing septula, bleached. (B–D) are from same colony as (A), after bleaching. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D); 400 Mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231963/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208">Figure 4B</figureCitation>
); both the mural rim and opesial margin are transversely straight at the distal end of the zooid, with the crenulated mural rim traversing the proximofrontal surface of the cap. What appears to be an interzooidal avicularium (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBC9435BBE6C57BFF44384C" box="[133,253,1372,1396]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="13.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-239@13.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 4. Corbulella extenuata n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.5): (A) autozooid, unbleached; (B) marginal zooids, bleached; note cap-like reduced ovicells; (C) autozooids and interzooidal avicularium (centre), bleached; (D) lateral wall of marginal autozooid showing septula, bleached. (B–D) are from same colony as (A), after bleaching. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D); 400 Mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231963/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208">Figure 4C</figureCitation>
) is present, comprising about one-quarter the area of an autozooid, without pivotal constrictions or hinge bar, without spines, the rostrum tapering and twisted distally. Zooids interconnect by triporous septulae (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBC9435B915C5BBFD4A388C" box="[630,755,1436,1460]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="13.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-239@13.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 4. Corbulella extenuata n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.5): (A) autozooid, unbleached; (B) marginal zooids, bleached; note cap-like reduced ovicells; (C) autozooids and interzooidal avicularium (centre), bleached; (D) lateral wall of marginal autozooid showing septula, bleached. (B–D) are from same colony as (A), after bleaching. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D); 400 Mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231963/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208">Figure 4D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBC9435BB1EC353FDCF3EEF" blockId="13.[125,1173,884,984]" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208">
Figure 4.
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBC9435BBBCC353FE2D3EBF" box="[223,404,884,903]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208">Corbulella extenuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DEA57B9FFBC9435BAFEC353FE6F3EBF" box="[413,470,884,903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.5): (A) autozooid, unbleached; (B) marginal zooids, bleached; note cap-like reduced ovicells; (C) autozooids and interzooidal avicularium (centre), bleached; (D) lateral wall of marginal autozooid showing septula, bleached. (B–D) are from same colony as (A), after bleaching. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D); 400 Mm (B).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBC9435BB1EC5CBFF653B3C" blockId="13.[125,220,1516,1540]" box="[125,220,1516,1540]" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBC9435BB1EC5CBFF653B3C" box="[125,220,1516,1540]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBC9436BB1EC63AFDCE3CB8" blockId="13.[125,1173,1565,1685]" lastBlockId="14.[138,1185,136,384]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="2209" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208">
Only a single, small colony of quality useful for SEM observation was found. This species resembles
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBC9435BB95C61AFDCB3B6D" authority="(Hincks, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[246,626,1597,1621]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Corbulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="corbula">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBC9435BB95C61AFE013B6D" box="[246,440,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208">Corbulella corbula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFBC9435BAABC61AFDD03B6D" author="Hincks T" box="[456,617,1597,1621]" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208" pagination="16 - 17" refId="ref28272" refString="Hincks T. 1880. Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) 6: 69 - 92, 376 - 384, Plates 9 - 11, 16 - 17." type="journal article" year="1880">Hincks, 1880</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, which was reported from the Hawaiian Islands as
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBC9435BBFFC67AFD8B3B4D" authority="(Soule et al. 1988)" baseAuthorityName="Soule" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[156,562,1629,1653]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Pyrulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="corbula">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBC9435BBFFC67AFEE93B4D" box="[156,336,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208">Pyrulella corbula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFBC9435BA03C67AFD903B4D" author="Soule JD &amp; Soule DF &amp; Chaney HW" box="[352,553,1629,1653]" pageId="13" pageNumber="2208" pagination="83 - 166" refId="ref29479" refString="Soule JD, Soule DF, Chaney HW. 1988. Phyla Entoprocta and Bryozoa (Ectoprocta). In: Devaney DM, Eldredge LG, editors. Reef and shore fauna of Hawaii, section 2: Platyhelminthes through Phoronida. Honolulu: Bishop Museum Press. p 83 - 166. (Museum special publication; 64 (2, 3 ))." type="journal article" year="1988">Soule et al. 1988</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. However, that species has a narrower cryptocyst not continuing around the distal rim of the opesia; longer spines often meeting in the midline, with a pair lateral to the orifice sometimes greatly elongated; a conspicuously developed ovicell; and vicarious avicularia around the same size as autozooids. In having a reduced, cap-like ovicell,
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBF9436BA27C0EFFD9B3DD8" authorityName="Dick &amp; Tilbrook &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="2006" box="[324,546,200,224]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Corbulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="extenuata">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436BA27C0EFFD9B3DD8" box="[324,546,200,224]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Corbulella extenuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBF9436B9D7C0EFFB183DD8" authority="Harmer, 1926" authorityName="Harmer" authorityYear="1926" box="[692,1185,200,224]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Crassimarginatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spatulifera">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436B9D7C0EFFC4C3DD8" box="[692,1013,200,224]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Crassimarginatella spatulifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFBF9436B89FC0EFFB183DD8" author="Harmer SF" box="[1020,1185,200,224]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" pagination="13 - 34" refId="ref27900" refString="Harmer SF. 1926. The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition, Part 2, Cheilostomata Anasca (with additions to previous reports). Siboga Expeditie 28 b: 183 - 501, Plates 13 - 34." type="book chapter" year="1926">Harmer, 1926</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBF9436BBF7C0CFFEB83C38" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1984" box="[148,257,232,256]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Corbulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436BBF7C0CFFEB83C38" box="[148,257,232,256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Corbulella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBF9436BA08C0CFFD8C3C38" authorityName="Canu" authorityYear="1900" box="[363,565,232,256]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Crassimarginatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436BA08C0CFFD8C3C38" box="[363,565,232,256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Crassimarginatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were formerly considered subgenera within
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBF9436BBE9C12FFEED3C18" authorityName="Canu" authorityYear="1900" box="[138,340,264,288]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Crassimarginatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436BBE9C12FFEED3C18" box="[138,340,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Crassimarginatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; see
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFBF9436BAF4C12FFD843C18" author="Gordon DP" box="[407,573,264,288]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" pagination="1 - 198" refId="ref27589" refString="Gordon DP. 1984. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata from the Kermadec Ridge. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 91: 1 - 198." type="journal article" year="1984">Gordon 1984</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFBF9436B92EC12FFD463C18" author="Tilbrook KJ &amp; Hayward PJ &amp; Gordon DP" box="[589,767,264,288]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref29895" refString="Tilbrook KJ, Hayward PJ, Gordon DP. 2001. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London 131: 35 - 109." type="journal article" year="2001">Tilbrook 2001</bibRefCitation>
). However, the latter species lacks spines and has vicarious avicularia larger than the autozooids.
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBF9436B83BC10FFE823C58" authority="Tilbrook, 2001" authorityName="Tilbrook" authorityYear="2001" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Crassimarginatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="corniculata">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436B83BC10FFB183C78" box="[856,1185,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Crassimarginatella corniculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFBF9436BBE9C16FFE823C58" author="Tilbrook KJ &amp; Hayward PJ &amp; Gordon DP" box="[138,315,328,352]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref29895" refString="Tilbrook KJ, Hayward PJ, Gordon DP. 2001. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London 131: 35 - 109." type="journal article" year="2001">Tilbrook, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
has the ovicell even further reduced, evident only as a slightly raised distal margin on endozooidally brooding zooids.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBF9436BBE9C19FFEB23CE8" blockId="14.[138,267,440,464]" box="[138,267,440,464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436BBE9C19FFEB23CE8" box="[138,267,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBF9436BBE9C1CEFC313F39" blockId="14.[138,904,489,513]" box="[138,904,489,513]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">
Kapa’a Beach on the Island of
<collectingRegion id="7669F832FFBF9436BA9BC1CEFDF33F39" box="[504,586,489,513]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
is the only known locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBE9437B941C365FD573E62" bold="true" box="[546,750,834,858]" pageId="15" pageNumber="2210">BUGULOIDEA</emphasis>
Gray, 1848
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBE9437BA01C345FE043E42" bold="true" box="[354,445,866,890]" pageId="15" pageNumber="2210">Family</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBE9437BAA5C345FDD73E42" bold="true" box="[454,622,866,890]" pageId="15" pageNumber="2210">BEANIIDAE</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFBE9437B914C345FC283E42" author="Canu F &amp; Bassler RS" box="[631,913,866,890]" pageId="15" pageNumber="2210" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref27230" refString="Canu F, Bassler RS. 1927. Bryozoaires des Iles Hawai ¨. Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences de Seine- &amp; - Oise 7 (Suppl 1927): 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1927">Canu and Bassler, 1927</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBF9436BAA7C241FCE43F46" blockId="14.[391,927,548,671]" box="[452,861,614,638]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">
<heading id="EF5A81BCFFBF9436BAA7C241FCE43F46" box="[452,861,614,638]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBF9436BAA7C241FCE43F46" ID-CoL="67L2X" authority="(Hincks, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[452,861,614,638]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Antroporidae" genus="Antropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436BAA7C241FD1B3F46" bold="true" box="[452,674,614,638]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Antropora minor</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFBF9436B9D7C241FCEC3F46" author="Hincks T" box="[692,853,614,638]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" pagination="16 - 17" refId="ref28272" refString="Hincks T. 1880. Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) 6: 69 - 92, 376 - 384, Plates 9 - 11, 16 - 17." type="journal article" year="1880">Hincks, 1880</bibRefCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBF9436B950C2A0FD643FA7" blockId="14.[391,927,548,671]" box="[563,733,647,671]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">
(
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBF9436B958C2A0FD6D3FA7" box="[571,724,647,671]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="14.[138,198,1583,1602]" captionTargetBox="[138,1186,831,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-156@14.[138,1186,831,1547]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 5. (A, B) Antropora minor (Hincks): (A) autozooids, bleached; (B) autozooids, bleached; zooid at right is a brooding zooid, with a raised, smooth distal margin that may represent a vestigial ovicell. (C) Beania discodermiae (Ortmann): autozooids, unbleached. (D) Micropora rimulata Canu and Bassler: autozooids and ovicellate zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 200 Mm (A, B); 500 Mm (C, D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231965" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231965/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Figure 5A, B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBF9436BBE9C2E5FB183FC3" blockId="14.[138,1185,706,795]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">
‘‘
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436BBF9C2E5FF1D3FE2" box="[154,164,706,730]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">?</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBF9436BBC0C2E5FDA73FE2" authority="S. Wood" authorityName="S. Wood" box="[163,542,706,730]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Membraniporidae" genus="Membranipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="trifolium">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436BBC0C2E5FE123FE2" box="[163,427,706,730]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Membranipora trifolium</emphasis>
S. Wood
</taxonomicName>
,
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var.
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436B903C2E5FD263FE2" box="[608,671,706,730]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’’
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFBF9436B9D4C2E5FCE93FE2" author="Hincks T" box="[695,848,706,730]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" pagination="16 - 17" refId="ref28272" refString="Hincks T. 1880. Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) 6: 69 - 92, 376 - 384, Plates 9 - 11, 16 - 17." type="journal article" year="1880">Hincks 1880</bibRefCitation>
, p 87, Plate 11,
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBF9436BF68C2E5FBD43FE2" box="[1035,1133,706,730]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="17.[125,185,1600,1619]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-0@17.[125,1173,133,1564]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 6. (A, C, E, G) Puellina harmeri Ristedt: (A) autozooid, ovicellate zooids, and avicularia; (C) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; (E) marginal zooids, showing long distal spines and marginal avicularium; (G) oblique view of autozooids and ovicellate zooids. (B, D, F, H) Puellina septemcryptica n. sp.: (B) paratype (NHM 2006.7.21.7)," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231967/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Figure 6</figureCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBF9436BBE9C2C4FD843FC3" authority=": Tilbrook 1998, p 34" authorityName="Tilbrook" authorityPageNumber="34" authorityYear="1998" box="[138,573,739,763]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Antroporidae" genus="Antropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436BBE9C2C4FEF93FC3" box="[138,320,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Antropora minor</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFBF9436BA33C2C4FE443FC3" author="Tilbrook KJ" box="[336,509,739,763]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" pagination="25 - 49" refId="ref29728" refString="Tilbrook KJ. 1998. The species of Antropora Norman, 1903 (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida), with the description of a new genus in the Calloporoidea. Records of the South Australian Museum 31: 25 - 49." type="journal article" year="1998">Tilbrook 1998</bibRefCitation>
, p 34
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBF9436B928C2C4FD663FC3" box="[587,735,739,763]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[125,185,936,955]" captionTargetBox="[125,1174,133,900]" captionTargetId="figure-150@5.[125,1174,133,900]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Photographs of rock-pile habitats examined at study sites on the Island of Hawaii; all taken within an hour of low tide (20.03 to +0.15 m referenced to mean lower low water). (A) Kealakekua Bay; study site is shallow inlet beginning at centre and extending to just below left centre; plastic kayak at upper right indicates scale. (B) Whittington Beach Park; sheltered lagoon inside benchrock barrier, part of which can be seen in distance at far upper right; scale indicated by water bottle at lower left. (C) Kapa’a Beach Park; an exposed site with roundedboulder beaches (centre) and solid benchrock (in distance, upper right); sampling site was a tidepool in the benchrock just beyond the upper right of the photograph. (D) Kiholo Bay; entrance to large lagoon separated from the sea by a long barrier spit, on which palm and other trees are growing; end of spit is seen just above right centre, with lagoon evident beyond that in the distance; the shallow area with boulders protruding from water, left to right just below centre, was examined for bryozoans; photograph taken about an hour before low tide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231959/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Figure 2A–F</figureCitation>
; 2006, p 30,
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBF9436B81BC2C4FC553FC3" box="[888,1004,739,763]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="13.[125,185,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-239@13.[125,1173,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 4. Corbulella extenuata n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.5): (A) autozooid, unbleached; (B) marginal zooids, bleached; note cap-like reduced ovicells; (C) autozooids and interzooidal avicularium (centre), bleached; (D) lateral wall of marginal autozooid showing septula, bleached. (B–D) are from same colony as (A), after bleaching. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D); 400 Mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231963/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Figure 4B</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D03C4B21FFBF9436B89AC2C4FB183FC3" author="Tilbrook KJ &amp; Hayward PJ &amp; Gordon DP" box="[1017,1185,739,763]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref29895" refString="Tilbrook KJ, Hayward PJ, Gordon DP. 2001. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London 131: 35 - 109." type="journal article" year="2001">Tilbrook et al.</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBF9436BBC6C324FE123E23" blockId="14.[138,1185,706,795]" box="[165,427,771,795]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">
2001, p 41,
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBF9436BA51C324FE1E3E23" box="[306,423,771,795]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="10.[138,198,884,903]" captionTargetBox="[138,1186,133,849]" captionTargetId="figure-194@10.[138,1186,133,849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 3. (A–C) Alderina flaventa n. sp., holotype (NHM 2006.7.21.1): (A) group of autozooids and ovicellate zooids; (B) ovicellate zooid; (C) colony margin showing uniporous septula. (D) Parellisina albida (Hincks): autozooids, ovicellate zooid, and interzooidal avicularia. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D); 400 Mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231961" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231961/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Figure 3A</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D26658FFBF9436BBE9C608FDC53BAA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231965" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5231965" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231965/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" startId="14.[138,198,1583,1602]" targetBox="[138,1186,831,1547]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBF9436BBE9C608FDC53BAA" blockId="14.[138,1186,1583,1682]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">
Figure 5. (A, B)
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBF9436BA4AC608FDAD3B7A" authority="(Hincks)" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[297,532,1583,1602]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Antroporidae" genus="Antropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436BA4AC608FE003B7A" box="[297,441,1583,1602]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Antropora minor</emphasis>
(Hincks)
</taxonomicName>
: (A) autozooids, bleached; (B) autozooids, bleached; zooid at right is a brooding zooid, with a raised, smooth distal margin that may represent a vestigial ovicell. (C)
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBF9436B893C66DFF4A3B4F" authority="(Ortmann)" baseAuthorityName="Ortmann" baseAuthorityYear="1890" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Beaniidae" genus="Beania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="discodermiae">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436B893C66DFB1B3B65" box="[1008,1186,1610,1629]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Beania discodermiae</emphasis>
(Ortmann)
</taxonomicName>
: autozooids, unbleached. (D)
<taxonomicName id="73AD4D53FFBF9436B96EC643FCDE3B4F" authority="Canu and Bassler" authorityName="Canu and Bassler" box="[525,871,1636,1655]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Micropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="rimulata">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBF9436B96EC643FD013B4F" box="[525,696,1636,1655]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2209">Micropora rimulata</emphasis>
Canu and Bassler
</taxonomicName>
: autozooids and ovicellate zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 200 Mm (A, B); 500 Mm (C, D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBE9437BB1EC0AEFB2C3DE8" blockId="15.[125,279,137,158]" box="[125,1173,137,208]" lastBlockId="15.[125,1173,184,240]" pageId="15" pageNumber="2210">
<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBE9437BB1EC0AEFEAE3D98" box="[125,279,137,160]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="2210">Measurements</emphasis>
ZL, 0.35–0.48 (0.422¡0.044). ZW, 0.23–0.35 (0.273¡0.039). OpL, 0.21–0.28
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBE9437BB1EC0FFFD753DC8" blockId="15.[125,1173,184,240]" box="[125,716,215,240]" pageId="15" pageNumber="2210">(0.240¡0.023). OpW, 0.14–0.16 (0.149¡0.009).</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBE9437BB1EC104FF4C3C03" box="[125,245,291,315]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="2210">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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Colony unilaminar, encrusting. Gymnocyst scarcely evident; cryptocyst (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBE9437B8DDC174FBEC3C53" box="[958,1109,339,363]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="14.[138,198,1583,1602]" captionTargetBox="[138,1186,831,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-156@14.[138,1186,831,1547]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 5. (A, B) Antropora minor (Hincks): (A) autozooids, bleached; (B) autozooids, bleached; zooid at right is a brooding zooid, with a raised, smooth distal margin that may represent a vestigial ovicell. (C) Beania discodermiae (Ortmann): autozooids, unbleached. (D) Micropora rimulata Canu and Bassler: autozooids and ovicellate zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 200 Mm (A, B); 500 Mm (C, D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231965" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231965/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="2210">Figure 5A, B</figureCitation>
) very wide and shallowly sloping proximally, narrowing and steep distally, with coarse, rather irregularly arranged tubercles; opesia large, irregularly oval or subtriangular. Interzooidal avicularia small, on a raised cystid; some zooids have a kenozooidal papilla at proximal end, replacing or together with an avicularium. Ovicells lacking, but the raised, smooth distal zooidal margin in fertile zooids (
<figureCitation id="2C962A55FFBE9437BA8EC1D5FDD83F32" box="[493,609,498,522]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="14.[138,198,1583,1602]" captionTargetBox="[138,1186,831,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-156@14.[138,1186,831,1547]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 5. (A, B) Antropora minor (Hincks): (A) autozooids, bleached; (B) autozooids, bleached; zooid at right is a brooding zooid, with a raised, smooth distal margin that may represent a vestigial ovicell. (C) Beania discodermiae (Ortmann): autozooids, unbleached. (D) Micropora rimulata Canu and Bassler: autozooids and ovicellate zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 200 Mm (A, B); 500 Mm (C, D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231965" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231965/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="2210">Figure 5B</figureCitation>
) may represent a vestigial ovicell. Spines lacking. Autozooid-sized vicarious avicularia can occur, but are absent in our specimen.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBE9437BB1EC27AFF653F4D" box="[125,220,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="2210">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B41236D0FFBE9437BB1EC2AAFCF13F9D" blockId="15.[125,840,653,677]" box="[125,840,653,677]" pageId="15" pageNumber="2210">Only one small, dead colony fragment was found, at Kapa’a.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="86D9EAC2FFBE9437BB1EC2FFFF443FC8" box="[125,253,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="2210">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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Circumtropical (
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); not previously reported from the Hawaiian Islands.
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Distribution data from
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, where treated as a tribe of
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, and
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. Further distribution references are given.
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Kozlov &amp; Kononova, 2004: 206 (original description); Kononova &amp; Kozlov, 2008: 328, 393 (description, keyed); Timokhov, 2019b: 48 (catalog of species of Russia).
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Our translation of the original description, and the illustrations provided therein, are not sufficient for us to determine the generic placement of this species. Therefore, we leave it in
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Figs 3E, G, I18
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1912
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</bibRefCitation>
: 18;
<bibRefCitation author="Mann, JS" journalOrPublisher="Australian Zoologist" pageId="31" pageNumber="60" pagination="17 - 49" title="Revisional notes on Australian Therevidae. Part 2." volume="6" year="1929">Mann 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 26;
<bibRefCitation author="Irwin, ME" editor="Evenhuis NL (Ed) Catalog of Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian, regions" journalOrPublisher="Bishop Museum Press" pageId="31" pageNumber="60" pagination="353 - 358" title="39. Family Therevidae." volume="86" volumeTitle="Bishop Museum Special Publication." year="1989">Irwin and Lyneborg 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 354 [catalogue];
<bibRefCitation author="Winterton, SL" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="31" pageNumber="60" pagination="225 - 240" title="Phylogenetic revision of Acupalpa Kroeber (Diptera: Therevidae)." url="doi:10.1163/187631200X00417" volume="31" year="2000">Winterton 2000</bibRefCitation>
: 235;
<bibRefCitation author="Winterton, SL" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="31" pageNumber="60" pagination="173 - 211" title="Phylogenetic revision of Agapophytinae subf. n. (Diptera: Therevidae) based on molecular and morphological evidence." url="doi:10.1046/j.1365-3113.2001.00142.x" volume="26" year="2001">Winterton et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 210.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="49" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="49">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="49">Holotype male, AUSTRALIA: New South Wales, Sydney (ZMUH) [destroyed]. Neotype male, AUSTRALIA: New South Wales: Kosciusko National Park, Round Mountain, Olgives Creek, [-35.682°, 149.533°] 1400m, 28.xii.1977, E. I. Schlinger. (MEI029931) (ANIC).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="20" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="20" pageNumber="49">
Frons profile concave above antenna; scape and pedicel yellow-orange, flagellum black; scutum black, overlain with silver pubescence; pleuron black with
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="50" start="start">silver</pageBreakToken>
pubescence; wing banded; femora yellow-orange [hind femur dark]; tibia yellow-orange; abdomen black, overlain with silver velutum in male.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="50" type="redescription">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="50">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="50">Body length= 7.0-8.0 mm. Head. Frons wider than ocellar tubercle, profile transversely concave above antennae, pubescence as silver patches along eye margin, frontal vestiture as numerous elongate setae, surface texture smooth; face projecting anteriorly, vestiture as dark or pale setae; gena with pale setae; parafacial glabrous; mouthparts relatively short (approximately equal to head length); palpus brown-black, acuminate; occiput glabrous, glossy black; antennal base raised; antennal length approximately equal to head; scape and pedicel yellow-orange, length approximately equal to flagellum, with pale setae ventrally, shorter dark setae dorsally; flagellum black, base of flagellum with short dark setae. Thorax. Scutum uniform grey-black; scutellum overlain with dense, matt-black pubescence; pleuron black, overlain with silver pubescence; wing markings banded infuscate; haltere knob white, dark basally; coxae black; femora yellow with hind femur dark; tibia yellow-orange, apices dark; tarsi yellow-orange, distal segments darker, basitarsus and second tarsomere on foreleg white. Scutal chaetotaxy: np, 4; sa, 1; pa, 1; dc, 2; sc, 1. Abdomen. Black, silver velutum dorsally on tergites (male) or absent (female); terminalia pale.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="21" pageNumber="50">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="50">
Figure 18.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kröber">Kroeber</normalizedToken>
, Neotype male, anterolateral view [576256]. Body length = 7.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="21" pageNumber="50" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="50">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="21" pageNumber="50">
The type of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Acupalpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acupalpa rostrata" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">Acupalpa rostrata</taxonomicName>
is apparently destroyed.
<bibRefCitation author="Winterton, SL" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="31" pageNumber="60" pagination="225 - 240" title="Phylogenetic revision of Acupalpa Kroeber (Diptera: Therevidae)." url="doi:10.1163/187631200X00417" volume="31" year="2000">Winterton (2000)</bibRefCitation>
redescribed this distinctive species, without designating a neotype as the species was still identifiable based on the original description alone. With the description of the new species herein a neotype is designated to stabilise the taxon and remove any possibility
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="51" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
confusion in the future.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Acupalpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acupalpa rostrata" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">Acupalpa rostrata</taxonomicName>
is differentiated from other
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Therevidae" genus="Acupalpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acupalpa" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Acupalpa</taxonomicName>
species by the unique leg and antennal colouration.
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</document>

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Genus
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O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1894 (by original designation)
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Cephalic region wide (cephalic index range 64-89), carapace narrowed (carapace index ˂ 60), without thoracic groove but with slight depression instead; PER wider than AER and almost straight to moderately recurved, AME larger than ALE, PME-PME greater than PME-PLE, PLE situated close to lateral margin of cephalic area; abdomen only very slightly petiolated; tibia I ventral spines paired in 2-2, 3-2, 3-3 or 4-4 arrangement; trochanter IV notch usually absent, with only a tiny one, if present (
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="273">Figure 1.</emphasis>
Ecoregion distribution of
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sp. nov., according to the regionalization by
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;
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Bolivia;
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Sub-Andean area at the Bolivian orocline
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="273">1.</emphasis>
Collection locality of
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sp. nov., Santa Cruz de la Colina, Santa Cruz department; map produced with QGIS (version 2.14.3, http://www.qgis.org/en/site).
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122
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Konow, 1905
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">
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(McLachlan, 1867,
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Altenhofer &amp; Zombori, 1987
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Added by
<bibRefCitation author="Altenhofer, E." journalOrPublisher="Annales historico-naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" pagination="185 - 197" title="The species of Heterarthrus Stephens, 1835 feeding on maple (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)" volume="79" year="1987">Altenhofer and Zombori (1987)</bibRefCitation>
.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">
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was described on the basis of specimens &quot;bred by Mr Healy from larvae which make great blotches in the leaves of
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, and occasionally in
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&quot;
<bibRefCitation author="McLachlan, R." journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Monthly Magazine" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" pagination=": 123" title="Additional notices respecting the maple-mining saw-fly (Phyllotomaaceris)" volume="4" year="1867">McLachlan (1867)</bibRefCitation>
. According to present knowledge on distribution and hostplants, the syntype series probably consisted of more than one species. The description is not sufficiently detailed to determine the identity of the specimens which McLachlan examined. No type material has been located, as already stated by
<bibRefCitation author="Altenhofer, E." journalOrPublisher="Annales historico-naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" pagination="185 - 197" title="The species of Heterarthrus Stephens, 1835 feeding on maple (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)" volume="79" year="1987">Altenhofer and Zombori (1987)</bibRefCitation>
. Nevertheless,
<bibRefCitation author="Altenhofer, E." journalOrPublisher="Annales historico-naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" pagination="185 - 197" title="The species of Heterarthrus Stephens, 1835 feeding on maple (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)" volume="79" year="1987">Altenhofer and Zombori (1987)</bibRefCitation>
chose to regard
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Phyllotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllotoma aceris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aceris">Phyllotoma aceris</taxonomicName>
McLachlan as being conspecific with a species which was reared from
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acer campestre" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campestre">Acer campestre</taxonomicName>
and proposed for it the new name
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heterarthrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterarthrus healyi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="healyi">Heterarthrus healyi</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heterarthrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterarthrus healyi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="healyi">Heterarthrus healyi</taxonomicName>
was subsequently found to be synonymous with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heterarthrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterarthrus wuestneii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuestneii">Heterarthrus wuestneii</taxonomicName>
(Konow, 1905) (
<bibRefCitation author="Blank, S. M." editor="Dathe, H. H." journalOrPublisher="Verzeichnis der Hautfluegler Deutschlands (Entomofauna Germanica 4). Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" volume="Beiheft 7" year="2001">Blank et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:16D3A62E-1BE8-41B5-9C3B-64B925010BAC" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Antimerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antimerus bellus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellus">Antimerus bellus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="21" pageNumber="42">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 1738, 39
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="42" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="42">Type locality:</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="42">Australia: New South Wales: Royal National Park, near Sydney [ca. 34°07'S, 151°02'E]</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="42" type="material examined.">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="42">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="42">
AUSTRALIA: New South Wales: Holotype, pinned, aedeagus dissected and attached to the specimen in a plastic genitalia vial with glycerin; with labels: &quot;Royal National Park/ near Sydney, NSW/ 12 Feb 1985/ D.K. McAlpine/ B.J. Day)&quot;, &quot;Antimerus/ det/ VWH Lorimer/ Oct 96&quot;,
<normalizedToken originalValue="“AMSA”">&quot;AMSA&quot;</normalizedToken>
, &quot;Antimerus/ n. sp.5/ det. A. Newton 2005&quot;, &quot;HOLOTYPE/ Antimerus/ bellus sp.n./ A. Solodovnikov des. 2006&quot;, &quot;FMNH-INS/ 0000 019 143&quot;, ♂ in AMS. Paratype: Glen Innes, Prison Farm, vii.1969-xii.1970 (
<normalizedToken originalValue="“coll.?”">&quot;coll.?&quot;</normalizedToken>
), FMNH-INS 0000 019 094, 1♀ in ANIC.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="42" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="42">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="42">Measurements (n=2): HL: 1.7-2.2; HW: 2.5-2.9; PL: 2.4-2.7; PW: 2.7-3.0; EL: 3.0-3.5; EW: 3.0-3.5. Total size of the body 14-16 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="42">Head, pronotum and elytra metallic blue with purplish reflection, very glossy; abdomen and appendages dark brown. Disc of head and pronotum without punctuation or pubescence, their surfaces with microsculpture of transverse waves and faint micropunctuation. Elytra with sparse punctuation and brown to black pubescence, interspaces without distinct microsculpture. Abdomen moderately densely punctuated, without distinct metallic reflection, with brown to black pubescence.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="42">
Head wider than long, with tempora strongly tapered towards relatively narrow neck, about as long as eye (in lateral view); neck not delimited from head dorsally. Antennae with antennomeres
<normalizedToken originalValue="VIII–X">VIII-X</normalizedToken>
distinctly wider than long, transverse.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="42">Pronotum slightly wider than long, as wide as head; pronotal anterior and posterior angles rounded but distinct; pronotum widest behind its middle in the area of its posterior angles, its sides, from posterior angles to middle very gradually and anterior from middle, more strongly, converging anteriad. Pronotal hypomera inflexed, not visible from lateral view except for its translucent postcoxal process,.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="42">Elytron elongate, longer than pronotum.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="42">Wings well developed.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="42">
Abdominal tergites
<normalizedToken originalValue="III–V">III-V</normalizedToken>
(first to third visible) with moderately deep transverse impression in basal part; tergite VII (fifth visible) with whitish seam at apical margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="42">Male (Figs 38, 39). Aedeagus with paramere as wide as median lobe (in dorsal or ventral view), distinctly bilobed; lobes separated by deep narrow incision.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="43" type="comparison.">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="43">
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="43" start="start">Comparison</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Antimerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antimerus bellus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellus">Antimerus bellus</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Antimerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antimerus jamesrodmani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jamesrodmani">Antimerus jamesrodmani</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Antimerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antimerus gracilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">Antimerus gracilis</taxonomicName>
. From
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Antimerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antimerus jamesrodmani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jamesrodmani">Antimerus jamesrodmani</taxonomicName>
it differs in the shape of the head which has more broadly rounded, indistinct hind angles, and in the coloration of the elytra, which are not red and have a stronger metallic reflection similar to that of head and pronotum. Aedeagi of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Antimerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antimerus bellus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellus">Antimerus bellus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Antimerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antimerus jamesrodmani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jamesrodmani">Antimerus jamesrodmani</taxonomicName>
are very similar; for differences see
<normalizedToken originalValue="“comparison”">&quot;comparison&quot;</normalizedToken>
under the latter species. From
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Antimerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antimerus gracilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">Antimerus gracilis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Antimerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antimerus bellus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellus">Antimerus bellus</taxonomicName>
differs in coloration (cf. Figs 17 and 18) of the body.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="43" type="distribution and bionomics.">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="43">Distribution and bionomics.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Antimerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antimerus bellus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellus">Antimerus bellus</taxonomicName>
is known only from two specimens collected in different localities in eastern New South Wales (Fig. 55, B, circles). No habitat data are available.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="43" type="etymology.">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="43">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="43">The name of the new species is from the Latin adjective bellus, or beautiful.</paragraph>
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Hartman, 1957|
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Berkeley &amp; Berkeley, 1956
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<paragraph id="AFA011786F8334910F22BE3599EDF1E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF226C0CF42294310D0334B4146D7282" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997">
Questionable status. Records from Greece exist almost exclusively under the name
<taxonomicName id="7C04F0C718A30CC7CAD25A2ED132DE3E" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Aricidea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aricidea fauveli" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fauveli">Aricidea fauveli</taxonomicName>
, despite the fact that they were recorded after
<bibRefCitation id="80B33F9E5C2948D85B358F42974EBD08" author="Strelzov, Vladimir" journalOrPublisher="Akademia Nauk, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997" title="Mnogoshchetinkovye chervi semeistva Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909" year="1973">Strelzov (1973)</bibRefCitation>
had synonymised the two species. It is therefore likely that they were identified using the key by
<bibRefCitation id="E65ED428C46C8E58219E978481E5800A" author="Day, John H" journalOrPublisher="Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997" title="A monograph on the Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia" year="1967">Day (1967)</bibRefCitation>
which only includes
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.
<bibRefCitation id="2F639BFEC0379D2720FCFD05B1796AE1" author="Castelli, A" journalOrPublisher="Atti della Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali Serie B" pageId="0" pageNumber="20997" pagination="319 - 340" title="Censimento dei policheti dei mari italiani: Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909" volume="94" year="1987">Castelli (1987)</bibRefCitation>
attributes several Mediterranean records of
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to
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Tebble, 1959, which he considers synonymous with
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. In the Mediterranean,
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/
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used to be distinguished from
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on the basis of the length of the antenna (short in
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, long in
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) but molecular analyses by
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revealed two clades related to depth which were incongruent with the two different morphotypes. It is therefore likely that Mediterranean specimens of
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belong to different species.
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Figs 3
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Assing, 2012: 97. Type locality: Leigong Shan, 15 km Leishan, Leishan County, Guizhou.
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(1 ♂). China, Jiangxi: 1♂, Jinggangshan City, Ciping Town, 850 m,
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The original description of
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is based on specimens from Guizhou (
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Figure 3.
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<subSubSection id="929D9750DAA0C605145B4AD708F86026" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="30E892E9628B2C59A38587B0043F5CAC" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Taxon classification Animalia Aspidochirotida Stichopodidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A2FB0ED3B6F73058799D4DB0B6BA38E2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EAE9E1B8F3340E3C20D13DB3E1B3ABE1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="406E50641A4093688A4ED8E887B0DB22" ID-CoL="6ZRSX" authority="Semper, 1868" authorityName="Semper" authorityYear="1868" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus herrmanni" order="Synallactida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="herrmanni">Stichopus herrmanni Semper, 1868</taxonomicName>
Figs 4, 5
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="081EB20F195796F11FB47D0EF79FBE16" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6C9C85E488CD273743FACC72B4F047DA" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4EDFB29C2F8D554039802EE2F0934EFB" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus variegatus" order="Synallactida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
<pageBreakToken id="7844671B03D9C9E8A46903222F58C87F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" start="start">Stichopus</pageBreakToken>
variegatus
</taxonomicName>
Semper, 1868: 73.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F39B2C0280B5DBB42E672FA918EDD6B0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="C8B8CAEBE792E8E74BBFADE10F1CB739" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus variegatus" order="Synallactida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="variegatus">Stichopus variegatus</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F5799B2F1B537CF4E84E1234069CC3AA" author="Cherbonnier, G" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Museum National d'Historie Naturelle Paris" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="187 - 189" title="Note sur Stichopusvariegatus Semper (Holothurie)." volume="2" year="1947">Cherbonnier 1947</bibRefCitation>
: 187-189, fig.
<normalizedToken id="C9A2F7F14EB23832D64361953C395799" originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
;
<bibRefCitation id="ABCCA96C5B8B66944584C8D23E22AF4A" author="Feral, JP" editor="Richard, A" journalOrPublisher="ORSTOM, Paris" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="55 - 107" title="Guide des etoiles de mer, oursins et autres echinodermes du lagon de Nouvelle-Caledonie" year="1986">
<normalizedToken id="5EE3203E78E9D79A5E8F69C4FEEE07CB" originalValue="Féral">Feral</normalizedToken>
and Cherbonnier 1986
</bibRefCitation>
: 98.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D4A6DAB18382B5BFA3F72E4DE72D7FE" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="0752E2A79CE0284FCA2308D5E46108FE" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus herrmanni" order="Synallactida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="herrmanni">Stichopus herrmanni</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="448AA2AA0CBD38C32EB7B6CE604903C3" author="Massin, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="4 - 144" title="Reef-dwelling Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) of the Spermonde Archipelago (South-West Sulawesi, Indonesia)." volume="329" year="1999">Massin 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 63, fig. 52.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1198E8853D1ED0E14BA5FB82563B81D2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D7B555B9CBC0775870AB68B5AD6A3CB9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D20827AE6CFF998391930AF597A701A" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Four specimens: USM/MSL/PSEM 001, USM/MSL/PSEM002, USM/MSL/PSEM003, USM/MSL/PP004.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5204292B8B4D59902F7A3B3EF9BC481F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="119C2539D4D6D00343EC4A149F359F77" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="82062B40F2355865D1A33AF070177352" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Philippines.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="93B41378BFF12F3F448F608849919667" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="A17ECF5D49ADEC13B01F2B37C10A6BF9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="726363A3B3751FC8E8319A7125BBB3E8" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
External morphology: Large body with quadrangular cross-section with four distinctive sides; firm, rugose, and having thick folding surfaces. Uniformly greyish brown on dorsal side; light brown to yellowish on ventral body with an orange patch spreading from mid ventral body to anterior ventral body. Two rows of small and short papillae on dorso-lateral edges; papillae absent on ventro-lateral edges; tip of papillae brown; base grey-coloured. Numerous, smaller, brown-tipped papillae spreading across dorsal body. Laterally, papillae being lesser in number and density. Ring of minute papillae surrounding oral opening. Tube feet numerous in ambulacra areas. Central ambulacrum occupying more rows of tube feet compared to other two am
<pageBreakToken id="5DE17F664BEFA092ED212FF863B6B0B9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">bulacra</pageBreakToken>
areas. Narrow interambulacra areas without tube feet. Twenty peltate-shaped tentacles. Anus terminal.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="83FA89A9C86BEC6BBBFC5DD8E94530B0" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Spicules: Dorsal body mainly tables, C-shaped rods, rosettes, and pseudo tables (Fig. 5
<normalizedToken id="64253EB9053AB9B248534B2C6DB9E0DC" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
). Table spicules in dorsal body have rounded to quadrangular in shape bases, with four central perforations and numerous peripheral holes; three or four short pillars forming spires connected by a cross beam; tip of pillars with thorny crown endings (Fig. 5A). Rosettes in dorsal body abundant with various shapes and sizes; simple to complex bifurcation on both ends (Fig. 5C). Pseudo tables in dorsal body have four pillars extending from reduced base; no disk formed at base (Fig. 5D). Papillae consist of tables, C-shaped rods, and rosettes (Fig. 5
<normalizedToken id="027E8A6B4E730906BB1C451DDA221CE6" originalValue="E–G">E-G</normalizedToken>
). Base of tables in papillae with rough
<pageBreakToken id="49D93E0DEBDD4B02D3DBA823EFB742E4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">rims</pageBreakToken>
; four pillars with multiple spines on the tip erected from disc; four central holes on the disc with 2-3 peripheral holes. C-shaped rods and rosettes in papillae similar to those in dorsal body. Tube feet have large perforated plates, rods, and reduced tables (Fig. 5
<normalizedToken id="241B8CE67C53B898C99DC3FA1AF2F366" originalValue="H–J">H-J</normalizedToken>
). Perforated plates in tube feet in rectangular and square shapes, jagged and pointy rims (Fig. 5H). Rods in tube feet with central extended perforations (Fig. 5J); surface covered with spinelets. Reduced tables of tube feet have base with four central perforations and 5-8 peripheral holes; reduced pillars liken knobs formed at central of base; rim of base being smooth (Fig. 5I). Tentacles containing rods of different sizes with rough surfaces covered with spinelets; slightly bended (Fig. 5K).
</paragraph>
<caption id="8C1D31D319B59839015BF378C88CA15C" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<paragraph id="37C7DA2295A2E01F4140B9451003192E" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Figure 4.
<taxonomicName id="3ACBEC9071313577CB381AD3E61679A3" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus herrmanni" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="herrmanni">Stichopus herrmanni</taxonomicName>
Semper, 1868 (USM/MSL/PSEM004), dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="1FB00D6BE89FA910B01D3A14FA5E2EFE" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<paragraph id="02880E3CE2E40A11FE277E049834A589" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Figure 5. Spicules of
<taxonomicName id="E995FAC3AC4FBC6C71096C0C630CBD11" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus herrmanni" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="herrmanni">Stichopus herrmanni</taxonomicName>
Semper, 1868 (USM/MSL/PSEM004). A tables from the dorsal body B pseudo tables from the dorsal body wall C rosettes from the dorsal body wall D C-shaped rods from the dorsal body wall E tables from the dorsal papillae F C-shaped rods from the dorsal papillae G rosettes from the dorsal papillae H large multiperforated plates from the tube feet I reduced tables from the tube feet J rods with central perforations from the tube feet K rods of different sizes from the tentacles.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C354358F520D737E98FB148E9EC47889" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="D8632BC77FF44289493D5A271945DF16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B41CEC3EE077278A7B9A50CCC3CFCBF" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="EC3994FDB8325D814BEF75A51C62A7A0" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus herrmanni" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="herrmanni">Stichopus herrmanni</taxonomicName>
is originally described as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="0A4C0F37788A67C327DE779676D113E1" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus variegatus" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="variegatus">Stichopus variegatus</taxonomicName>
before
<bibRefCitation id="70B4AE6D57636DAFBA09E8A730542B0E" author="Rowe, FWE" editor="Wells, A" journalOrPublisher="CSIRO Publishing, Clayton" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" title="Zoological Catalogue of Australia" year="1995">Rowe and Gates (1995)</bibRefCitation>
reclassify and accorded
<taxonomicName id="892CFC57166251F461622270A0FA0D64" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus herrmanni" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="herrmanni">Stichopus herrmanni</taxonomicName>
a species status.
<taxonomicName id="5AE8A78EB8AEA173CDD8735B810BA88D" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus herrmanni" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="herrmanni">Stichopus herrmanni</taxonomicName>
is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="C435CB691F210FE6E7F23BD0556227A6" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus monotuberculatus" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="monotuberculatus">Stichopus monotuberculatus</taxonomicName>
(Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1833) but the papillae of
<taxonomicName id="26C9B5BA69C53A4FC6D37A21213A5C2E" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus herrmanni" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="herrmanni">Stichopus herrmanni</taxonomicName>
are clearly smaller and less conspicuous than those of
<taxonomicName id="AAD1C52564728AC8CBEFA222C2B85F2B" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus monotuberculatus" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="monotuberculatus">Stichopus monotuberculatus</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="B36FC110FF63A0D55EF9E07EF458753E" author="Massin, C" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Biologie" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="73 - 99" title="The genus Stichopus (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the Johore Marine Park (Malaysia) with the description of two new species." volume="72" year="2002">Massin et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
noted that rosette spicules in
<taxonomicName id="EA89FA0CBC5E66F284DE081698598E18" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus herrmanni" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="herrmanni">Stichopus herrmanni</taxonomicName>
were highly variable in size and abundance. The presence of pseudo-tables found in the dorsal body of our
<taxonomicName id="D82B9B7C3C7A1BDA48E8973CABBA380D" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus herrmanni" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="herrmanni">Stichopus herrmanni</taxonomicName>
specimens was the first to be reported for the genus
<taxonomicName id="4932BF8112A972FB9E9F606A2659CA02" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Stichopus</taxonomicName>
. Pseudo-tables has only been found in
<taxonomicName id="622B49D5A9F7C3BE76B6EF2767901EA1" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Thelenota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thelenota" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Thelenota</taxonomicName>
within the family
<taxonomicName id="F6B3CB37FCFC32E40BA65E3CB81AF658" family="Stichopodidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Stichopodidae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3CE14E2F52C26963AA16F85052063E17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Cherbonnier and
<normalizedToken id="9829E0EA30892C4876C378B69661C763" originalValue="Féral">Feral</normalizedToken>
1984
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="825AAF1696B1788036606051BE0930F1" author="Cherbonnier, G" journalOrPublisher="Faune de Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 292" title="Echinodermes: Holothurides." volume="70" year="1988">Cherbonnier 1988</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4B54C91CA87DF218BA5ECC811ABF3A97" author="Massin, C" journalOrPublisher="Micronesica" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="57 - 64" title="Description of a new species of sea cucumber (Stichopodidae, Holothuroidea, Echinodermata) from the Eastern Indo-Malayan Archipelago: Thelenotarubralineata n. sp." volume="24" year="1991">Massin and Lane 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B05876F180168B8FA644AFDC8C898895" author="Massin, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="4 - 144" title="Reef-dwelling Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) of the Spermonde Archipelago (South-West Sulawesi, Indonesia)." volume="329" year="1999">Massin 1999</bibRefCitation>
). It is not certain whether this spicule is commonly occurring in this species of different localities. Pseudo-tables can be used to distinguish
<taxonomicName id="9937B30AEFAF09B67EC94B74C36CA48D" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stichopus herrmanni" order="Synallactida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="herrmanni">Stichopus herrmanni</taxonomicName>
from other congeners if they are consistently present in specimens from other localities.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A9CEE2B8FE03A319837985FD7D5E4548" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="51B2E75DE1C8D85A637FB946A53F17C7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA906C487BD47ABFFF08F46C441B32A8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Throughout the Indo-West Pacific (
<bibRefCitation id="4B654C9082621F7EF87024B63CD8E221" author="Clark, AM" journalOrPublisher="Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" title="Monograph of Shallow-water Indo-West Pacific Echinoderms." year="1971">Clark and Rowe 1971</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<paragraph id="B4118361FFD5C146FF0CFDD1C069FDC7" blockId="1.[151,715,583,679]" box="[151,586,583,609]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="EF59340DFFD5C146FF0CFDD1C069FDC7" bold="true" box="[151,586,583,609]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" reason="1">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD5C146FF0CFDD1C069FDC7" bold="true" box="[151,586,583,609]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="73AEF8E2FFD5C146FF0CFDD1C3FDFDC7" ID-CoL="3B8NX" box="[151,478,583,609]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stichaeidae" genus="Ernogrammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhirmunskii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD5C146FF0CFDD1C3FDFDC7" bold="true" box="[151,478,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Ernogrammus zhirmunskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DE9E208FFD5C146FE76FDD1C069FDC7" box="[493,586,583,609]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4118361FFD5C146FF0CFDFCC332FD01" blockId="1.[151,715,583,679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
Proposed English name
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD5C146FE04FDFAC39BFD25" box="[415,440,620,643]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">—</emphasis>
seven-lined prickleback. (
<figureCitation id="2C959FE4FFD5C146FF04FD18C32AFD00" box="[159,265,654,678]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,249,1471,1494]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,249,568,591]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,249,1767,1790]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,249,892,915]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,431,1447]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1408,318,536]" captionTargetBox-2="[163,1430,725,1678]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,484,871]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1436,429,1447]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[151,1436,303,547]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[151,1436,671,1746]" captionTargetId-3="figure@5.[151,1436,484,871]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Ernogrammus zhirmunskii sp. nov. The Sea of Japan, Peter the Great Bay, Bol’shoy Pelis Island, bay on the northern coast of the island, 4.5 m depth, 8 September 2008 (photo by A. Markevich)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Ernogrammus zhirmunskii sp. nov., holotype SL 75 mm. The Sea of Japan, Peter the Great Bay, Bol’shoy Pelis Island, bay on the northern coast of the island, 5.9 m depth, 13 July 2008." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Sensory canals of Ernogrammus zhirmunskii sp. nov., holotype SL 75 mm SL ZIN 54444: A) left lateral view; B) ventral view; C) dorsal view of head." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Radiograph of Ernogrammus zhirmunskii sp. nov., paratype SL 60 mm ZIN 54757. Magnified back part of the anal fin shown in the circle." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/203485/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/203486/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/203487/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/203488/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD5C146FE93FD18C332FD01" bold="true" box="[264,273,654,679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">)</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB4D0EAFFD5C146FF0CFD41C10CFB94" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B4118361FFD5C146FF0CFD41C33BFC90" blockId="1.[151,1437,726,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD5C146FF0CFD41C32EFD49" bold="true" box="[151,269,727,751]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<typeStatus id="6B153DC3FFD5C146FF0CFD41C32BFD49" box="[151,264,727,751]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="D2BF1BA4FFD5C146FE8FFD41C360FD48" box="[276,323,727,750]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">ZIN</collectionCode>
54444, female SL
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FD80FD40C04FFD48" box="[539,620,726,750]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="75.0">75 mm</quantity>
, the Sea of
<collectingCountry id="CCB9C3F1FFD5C146FD6AFD41C117FD48" box="[753,820,727,750]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Peter the Great Bay, Bol’shoy Pelis Island, bay on the northern coast of the island.
<date id="C010A5A1FFD5C146FE41FD6CC053FCB4" box="[474,624,762,786]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" value="2008-07-13">13 July 2008</date>
. Depth
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FD5CFD6CC129FCB4" box="[711,778,762,786]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="5.9">5.9 m</quantity>
, boulders,
<collectionCode id="D2BF1BA4FFD5C146FC1DFD6CC1C0FCB4" box="[902,995,762,786]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">SCUBA</collectionCode>
poison station, hand net, collector A.I. Markevich.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4118361FFD5C146FF5CFCD5C396FC60" blockId="1.[151,1437,726,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD5C146FF5CFCD5C36BFCFD" bold="true" box="[199,328,835,859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<typeStatus id="6B153DC3FFD5C146FF5CFCD5C360FCFD" box="[199,323,835,859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="D2BF1BA4FFD5C146FECEFCD5C3A0FCFC" box="[341,387,835,858]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">ZIN</collectionCode>
54757 males SL 59.5, 58.5,
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FD73FCD4C171FCFC" box="[744,850,834,858]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.65" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="56.5">56.5 mm</quantity>
and females 55.5,
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FBA7FCD4C6B0FCFC" box="[1084,1171,834,858]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="54.0">54 mm</quantity>
, data as for
<typeStatus id="6B153DC3FFD5C146FAA9FCD4C7BBFCFC" box="[1330,1432,834,858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; ZMFESU IV 27577/1233 male SL
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FDB8FCF0C056FCD8" box="[547,629,870,894]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="64.0">64 mm</quantity>
, data as for
<typeStatus id="6B153DC3FFD5C146FD60FCF0C143FCD8" box="[763,864,870,894]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BF1BA4FFD5C146FCF7FCF0C1E1FCD8" box="[876,962,870,894]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">TINRO</collectionCode>
Centre Р
<specimenCount id="A2A848E8FFD5C146FBAAFCF0C68DFCD8" box="[1073,1198,870,894]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="female">242 female</specimenCount>
SL
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FB46FCF0C760FCD8" box="[1245,1347,870,894]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.05" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="70.5">70.5 mm</quantity>
, data as for
<typeStatus id="6B153DC3FFD5C146FF25FC1CC307FC04" box="[190,292,906,930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<collectionCode id="D2BF1BA4FFD5C146FEB5FC1DC35FFC04" box="[302,380,907,930]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/063z-3mpp" name="Museum of the Institute of Marine Biology" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">MIMB</collectionCode>
20795 male SL
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FDA9FC1CC0BAFC04" box="[562,665,906,930]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.38" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="53.8">53.8 mm</quantity>
, data as for
<typeStatus id="6B153DC3FFD5C146FC86FC1CC1A0FC04" box="[797,899,906,930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; FEMBSNR
<specimenCount id="A2A848E8FFD5C146FB8DFC1CC65EFC04" box="[1046,1149,906,930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="male">747 male</specimenCount>
SL
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FB31FC1CC6DAFC04" box="[1194,1273,906,930]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
and female
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FA1BFC1CC2E6FC60" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="61.0">61 mm</quantity>
, data as for
<typeStatus id="6B153DC3FFD5C146FED7FC38C392FC60" box="[332,433,942,966]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4118361FFD5C146FF5CFC45C10CFB94" blockId="1.[151,1437,726,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD5C146FF5CFC45C38AFC4D" bold="true" box="[199,425,978,1003]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Non-type material.</emphasis>
FEMBSNR
<specimenCount id="A2A848E8FFD5C146FDA1FC44C094FC4C" box="[570,695,978,1002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="female">748 female</specimenCount>
SL
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FD7CFC44C119FC4C" box="[743,826,978,1002]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="61.0">61 mm</quantity>
, juvenile SL
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FC54FC44C603FC4C" box="[975,1056,978,1002]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="34.0">34 mm</quantity>
, the Sea of
<collectingCountry id="CCB9C3F1FFD5C146FB3EFC45C6CBFC4C" box="[1189,1256,979,1002]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Peter the Great Bay, Bol’shoy Pelis Island, Molchanskiy bay,
<geoCoordinate id="D19AE5A6FFD5C146FD06FC60C10AFBA8" box="[669,809,1014,1038]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" precision="9" value="42.64517">42º38.71´N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D19AE5A6FFD5C146FCAEFC60C1E8FBA8" box="[821,971,1013,1039]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" precision="9" value="131.44533">131º26.72´E</geoCoordinate>
.
<date id="C010A5A1FFD5C146FC4CFC60C6ACFBA8" box="[983,1167,1014,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" value="2008-08-27">27 August 2008</date>
. Depth
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FB7EFC60C70BFBA8" box="[1253,1320,1014,1038]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="7.9">7.9 m</quantity>
, boulders,
<collectionCode id="D2BF1BA4FFD5C146FF0CFB8CC2D6FB94" box="[151,245,1050,1074]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">SCUBA</collectionCode>
poison station, hand net, collector A.I. Markevich.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB4D0EAFFD5C146FF5CFBA8C0FAFB64" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B4118361FFD5C146FF5CFBA8C0FAFB64" blockId="1.[151,1437,726,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD5C146FF5CFBA8C362FBF1" bold="true" box="[199,321,1086,1111]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Anal fin with one spine anteriorly, a long series of soft rays, and one short rigid spine posteriorly. Seven longitudinal lateral line canals present; one canal runs along middle of belly. No branches ascend or descend from lateral line canals. In coloration one narrow white stripe between two wide black stripes on the base of pelvic fin, and one dark blotch on the dorsal fin anteriorly.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB4D0EAFFD5C144FF5CFB58C7B4F893" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" type="description">
<paragraph id="B4118361FFD5C146FF5CFB58C1BBF8EB" blockId="1.[151,1437,726,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD5C146FF5CFB58C37AFB41" bold="true" box="[199,345,1230,1255]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Description.</emphasis>
Proportional measurements are given in Table 1. Body moderately extended, laterally compressed. Maximum body height 6.2 times in SL, head large, measuring 3.7 times in SL. Dorsal and anal fins long; dorsal slightly connected to tail. Dorsal fin composed of 41–42 spines, thin in the anterior part of the fin and more rigid and thick originating from 15th spine (behind vertical line to origin of anal fin). Anal fin with one long spine anteriorly, one short rigid spine posteriorly and 28–30 soft rays. Pelvic fins on thoracic, originating before pectoral fins and reaching past their bases consisting of one spine and 3 branched rays. All these fins low: hD 6.6 % in SL, hA 7.5%, hV 10.3 % in SL. Pectoral fins more higher, hP 17.4 % in SL, with 14 branched rays. Caudal fin slightly extended, with rounded margin, and has 7–6+6–7 principal rays. Vertebrae 44–47 (14–16 + 30–31), with urostyl. Head rather large, 3.7 times (26.9 %) in SL, slightly conical. Eyes large, 4.2 times in head length; eye orbits slightly jutting out above the top head profile. Interorbital space rather wide, 4.6 % in SL (6.1 times in head length), and flat. Edge of snout with noticeable dermal nostril tubes. Mouth terminal, large, not reaching vertical below middle of eye; oral extends slightly oblique upwards. Branchiostegal membranes not connected; isthmus free up to vertical from posterior edge of eye. Gill rakers on first arch 6+6, short. Head naked, except strip ahead of dorsal fin to occipital sensory canal. Body and bases of fins covered with overlapping small oval cycloid scales. Number of scales
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FF78F95FC364F947" box="[227,327,1737,1761]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.001" metricValueMax="8.382" metricValueMin="7.62" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="in" value="31.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="30.0">30–33 in</quantity>
oblique row in the line of highest body depth,
<quantity id="73562E84FFD5C146FCF2F95FC1C9F947" box="[873,1002,1737,1761]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0005" metricValueMax="4.064" metricValueMin="3.937" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="in" value="157.5" valueMax="160.0" valueMin="155.0">155–160 in</quantity>
the middle lateral line. Teeth on both jaws, vomer and palatines present. Large conical teeth form one row on maxilla, ahead of this row some small teeth settle down irregularly, these teeth 3–5 times smaller than teeth of the row. Mandible has two rows of large conical teeth, teeth of the 1-st row a little smaller than those of the 2-nd row.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4118361FFD5C144FF5CF8CFC14AFE21" blockId="1.[151,1437,726,1977]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,391]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Sensory system consists of numerous canals on body and head. Body with 7 longitudinal lateral line canals: 3 lateral line canals (upper, middle, and lower) on each body side plus one unpaired ventral canal. Upper canal originating above dorsal margin of operculum and running along base of dorsal fin, almost reaching insertion of dorsal fin. Middle canal originating behind base of pectoral fin, running along middle of body and ending at base of caudal fin. Lower canal originating anterior to base of pelvic fin and running along base of anal fin to its posterior margin. Lower paired lateral canals not connected anteriorly. Pores of all longitudinal canals on short branches, pointed obliquely posteriorly. Vertical branches and those connecting lateral canals absent. Ventral canal short; originating behind posterior edge of pelvic fin, running along midline of belly, branching before anus and connecting with lower lateral line canals. Cephalic sensory canals well developed. Pores of supraorbital canal 6, infraorbital 4, postorbital 4, preoperculo-mandibular 4, preopercular 7, occipital 6.</paragraph>
<caption id="E0D1D3E9FFD7C144FF0CFA29C1EAFA52" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203485/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[151,1436,431,1447]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="B4118361FFD7C144FF0CFA29C1EAFA52" blockId="3.[151,1436,1471,1524]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD7C144FF0CFA29C331FA73" bold="true" box="[151,274,1471,1494]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AEF8E2FFD7C144FE83FA57C006FA73" box="[280,549,1471,1494]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stichaeidae" genus="Ernogrammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhirmunskii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD7C144FE83FA57C006FA73" box="[280,549,1471,1494]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Ernogrammus zhirmunskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD7C144FDB0FA56C058FA73" bold="true" box="[555,635,1472,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DE9E208FFD7C144FDB0FA56C058FA73" box="[555,635,1472,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
The Sea of Japan, Peter the Great Bay, Bol’shoy Pelis Island, bay on the northern coast of the island, 4.5 m depth, 8 September 2008 (photo by A. Markevich).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B4118361FFD7C144FF5CF9B7C7B4F893" blockId="3.[151,1436,1569,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
Each dorsal fin ray is supported one pterygiophore locating between neural spines of adjacent vertebrae, posteriormost pterygiophore bears two rays. A wide variety in the position of the anteriormost pterygiophores of the anal fin is observed. Pterygiophores implant in the interval between haemal spines of the posteriormost body vertebrae, or between the posterior body vertebra and the anterior caudal vertebra. Posteriormost anal fin pterygiophore bears posterior soft ray and rigid spine. The majority of the
<typeStatus id="6B153DC3FFD7C144FD6FF924C107F96C" box="[756,804,1714,1738]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">type</typeStatus>
specimens (9 of 11) have 4 free caudal vertebrae. Three epurals present, upper marginal rays not branched, 3–5 (mode 3). Hypurals 3–4 are separated, and bear 6–7 (mode 7) upper principal rays. Hypurals 1–2 are connected in hypural plate bearing 6–7 (mode 6) lower principal rays. Lower marginal rays 2–4, usually 3, not branched. Total number of the caudal fin rays 17–23 = 3–5+7–6+6–7+2–4.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCB4D0EAFFD7C143FF5CF8D6C1C2FF51" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B4118361FFD7C143FF5CF8D6C1C2FF51" blockId="3.[151,1436,1569,2026]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD7C144FF5CF8D6C3C7F8FF" bold="true" box="[199,484,1856,1881]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Color of live specimens.</emphasis>
Background body color brown in life, with numerous small grayish-white spots and dots. Dorsum sometimes with 7–8 narrow (no more than diameter of eye) and short white vertical stripes extending to dorsal fin; row of rounded white spots under these stripes on ventral body part. Two wide black stripes with narrow white stripe between them near base of pectoral; these stripes followed by alternating indistinct black and white stripes. Four
<typeStatus id="6B153DC3FFD7C144FEE8F844C380F84C" box="[371,419,2002,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">type</typeStatus>
specimens including
<typeStatus id="6B153DC3FFD7C144FD01F847C0DFF84F" box="[666,764,2001,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
with clearly visible dark blotch on the dorsal fin anteriorly but others fish not. Caudal base with wide vertical yellow stripe and 3 brown stripes alternating narrow white stripes; caudal margin white. Head with irregularly placed small white dots, stripes absent. No significant differences among sexes in morphological characters and coloration were found.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E0D1D3E9FFD0C143FF0CFDAEC1A3FDCB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203486/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" targetBox="[158,1408,318,536]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="B4118361FFD0C143FF0CFDAEC1A3FDCB" blockId="4.[151,1436,568,621]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD0C143FF0CFDAEC330FDE8" bold="true" box="[151,275,568,591]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73AEF8E2FFD0C143FE87FDACC009FDE9" box="[284,554,569,591]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stichaeidae" genus="Ernogrammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhirmunskii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD0C143FE87FDACC009FDE9" box="[284,554,569,591]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Ernogrammus zhirmunskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD0C143FDA9FDAFC0A7FDE8" bold="true" box="[562,644,569,590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DE9E208FFD0C143FDA9FDAFC0A7FDE8" box="[562,644,569,590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype SL 75 mm. The Sea of Japan, Peter the Great Bay, Bol’shoy Pelis Island, bay on the northern coast of the island, 5.9 m depth, 13 July 2008.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E0D1D3E9FFD0C143FF0CF971C033F8BA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203487/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" targetBox="[163,1430,725,1678]" targetPageId="4">
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<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD0C143FF0CF971C331F95B" bold="true" box="[151,274,1767,1790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Sensory canals of
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<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD0C143FE49F97FC0FCF95B" box="[466,735,1767,1790]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Ernogrammus zhirmunskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD0C143FD7EF97EC115F95B" bold="true" box="[741,822,1768,1789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DE9E208FFD0C143FD7EF97EC115F95B" box="[741,822,1768,1789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype SL 75 mm SL ZIN 54444: A) left lateral view; B) ventral view; C) dorsal view of head.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="FCB4D0EAFFD0C143FF5CF8DEC123F80F" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
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<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD0C143FF5CF8DEC343F8C7" bold="true" box="[199,352,1864,1889]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Distribution.</emphasis>
The only known locality of the fish is the coast of Bol’shoy Pelis Island. In addition to the typical locality in the bay on the northern coast of the island,
<specimenCount id="A2A848E8FFD0C143FC87F8FBC185F823" box="[796,934,1901,1925]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
FEMBSNR 748 were collected at the southwestern tip of the same island, in the Molchanskiy bay.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD0C143FF5CF822C304F86B" bold="true" box="[199,295,1972,1997]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Biology.</emphasis>
Conducted visual underwater observations of senior author show that
<taxonomicName id="73AEF8E2FFD0C143FBF6F820C7BFF86B" box="[1133,1436,1973,1997]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stichaeidae" genus="Ernogrammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhirmunskii">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD0C143FBF6F820C7BFF86B" box="[1133,1436,1973,1997]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Ernogrammus zhirmunskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in rocky substrate of a depth
<quantity id="73562E84FFD0C143FDBCF84FC09AF857" box="[551,697,2009,2033]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" metricValueMax="11.3" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="6.9" valueMax="11.3" valueMin="2.5">2.5 to 11.3 m</quantity>
at water temperature from 14ºC to 21ºC during July to September.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4118361FFD1C142FF0CFF0EC3EDFE16" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,432]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
It is a secretive species, and under ordinary condition the fish seldom leave their shelters under boulders in the daytime, usually they expose only the anterior part of the body. During the collection, from 1 to 3 fish were usually found under one boulder 0.3 ×
<quantity id="73562E84FFD1C142FE63FF74C01AFF5C" box="[504,569,226,250]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="0.3">0.3 m</quantity>
in size, so the common density reached 8 fish/m2. This species is inactive at night, unlike
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD1C142FEB0FE9EC3CEFEB9" box="[299,493,263,287]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName id="73AEF8E2FFD1C142FEB0FE9EC3C9FEB9" box="[299,490,263,287]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stichaeidae" genus="Ernogrammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hexagrammus">E. hexagrammus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which commonly occurs in the same rocky habitat (
<bibRefCitation id="D03FFE90FFD1C142FBAFFE91C6D1FEB9" author="Markevich" box="[1076,1266,263,287]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" refString="Markevich, A. I. (2004) Pattern of night activity in the prickleback fish Ernogrammus hexagrammus. Russian Journal of Marine Biology. 30, 204 - 208." type="journal article" year="2004">Markevich 2004</bibRefCitation>
). Specimens of the
<typeStatus id="6B153DC3FFD1C142FF5BFEBDC2D3FEE5" box="[192,240,299,323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">type</typeStatus>
series had average body weight
<quantity id="73562E84FFD1C142FDC7FEBCC093FEE5" box="[604,688,298,323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.425" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" unit="g" value="1.425">1.425 g</quantity>
(
<quantity id="73562E84FFD1C142FD25FEBCC141FEE4" box="[702,866,298,322]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" unit="g" value="1.5" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.1">1.100–1.900 g</quantity>
), the smallest collected fish (FEMBSNR
<specimenCount id="A2A848E8FFD1C142FAA9FEBCC2E2FEC1" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="juvenile">748 juvenile</specimenCount>
SL
<quantity id="73562E84FFD1C142FF6FFED9C364FEC1" box="[244,327,335,359]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="34.0">34 mm</quantity>
) had body weight
<quantity id="73562E84FFD1C142FDB9FED9C05FFECE" box="[546,636,335,360]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" unit="g" value="0.35">0.350 g</quantity>
. The stomachs of the collected fishes contained the remains of shells small mollusk
<taxonomicName id="73AEF8E2FFD1C142FEDAFEE5C063FE2D" box="[321,576,371,395]" class="Gastropoda" family="Falsicingulidae" genus="Falsicingula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mundana">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD1C142FEDAFEE5C063FE2D" box="[321,576,371,395]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Falsicingula mundana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Gastropoda: Discopoda:
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), the remains of unidentified fish and lumps of tiny fish eggs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="B4118361FFD1C142FF0CFCEAC392FC17" blockId="5.[151,1436,892,945]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD1C142FF0CFCEAC337FC37" bold="true" box="[151,276,892,915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Radiograph of
<taxonomicName id="73AEF8E2FFD1C142FE23FCEBC0E4FC34" box="[440,711,892,914]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stichaeidae" genus="Ernogrammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhirmunskii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD1C142FE23FCEBC0E4FC34" box="[440,711,892,914]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Ernogrammus zhirmunskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD1C142FD54FCEBC102FC34" bold="true" box="[719,801,893,914]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DE9E208FFD1C142FD54FCEBC102FC34" box="[719,801,893,914]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, paratype SL 60 mm ZIN 54757. Magnified back part of the anal fin shown in the circle.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="FCB4D0EAFFD1C142FF5CFC4FC2CDFB6E" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B4118361FFD1C142FF5CFC4FC2CDFB6E" blockId="5.[151,1436,984,1224]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="86DA5F73FFD1C142FF5CFC4FC36DFC57" bold="true" box="[199,334,985,1009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species is named after an outstanding scientist who worked in marine biology, ecology, and comparative physiology, Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Alexey V. Zhirmunsky (
<date id="C010A5A1FFD1C142FB79FC6AC744FBB2" box="[1250,1383,1020,1044]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" value="1921" valueMax="2000">1921–2000</date>
). He was the founder and director of the Institute of Marine Biology (Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok), and the initiator of the Far Eastern Marine Reserve. He contributed significantly to the development of marine biology in the Russian Far East. His talent as of a scientist and organizer turned the Institute of Marine Biology and the Far Eastern Marine Biosphere Reserve to large scientific and nature preservation organizations.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27161">Collected from the Lewis and Clark County site (Table 1, Suppl. material 1)</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/60DC6DB7-5425-4597-B2E3-3D00E8AD4E2B" authority="Hita Garcia &amp; Fisher" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium gollum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gollum">Tetramorium gollum Hita Garcia &amp; Fisher</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="28" pageNumber="29">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 10D, 11A, 16, 62
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Holotype, pinned worker, MADAGASCAR, Fianarantsoa,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Analalava">d'Analalava</normalizedToken>
, 29.6 km 280° W, Ranohira,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-22.59167">22.59167°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="45.12833">45.12833°E</geoCoordinate>
, 700 m, tropical dry forest, pitfall trap, collection code BLF07381, 1.-5.II.2003 (CAS: CASENT0074849). Paratypes, two pinned workers with same data as holotype (CAS: CASENT0074839, CASENT0074974).
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<caption pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Figure 16.
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holotype worker (CASENT0074849). A Body in profile B Body in dorsal view C Head in full-face view.
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
The strongly developed sculpture on the basal half of the first gastral tergite and the extremely swollen gaster clearly distinguish
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from the other species in the group.
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Worker measurements</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">(N=3). HL 0.76-0.90 (0.81); HW 0.74-0.90 (0.80); SL 0.47-0.59 (0.52); EL 0.15-0.18 (0.16); PH 0.48-0.52 (0.50); PW 0.54-0.66 (0.59); WL 0.85-1.03 (0.93); PSL 0.23-0.26 (0.25); PTL 0.20-0.25 (0.23); PTH 0.35-0.42 (0.38); PTW 0.27-0.37 (0.31); PPL 0.24-0.27 (0.25); PPH 0.37-0.43 (0.40); PPW 0.40-0.50 (0.45); CI 97-100 (98); SI 64-66 (65); OI 19-20 (20); DMI 62-64 (63); LMI 50-56 (54); PSLI 29-31 (30); PeNI 50-56 (53); LPeI 57-61 (59); DPeI 130-148 (138); PpNI 75-79 (76); LPpI 63-65 (64); DPpI 167-185 (176); PPI 135-148 (143).</paragraph>
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description.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Head weakly longer than wide to as long as wide (CI 97-100); posterior head margin weakly concave. Anterior clypeal margin with distinct median impression. Frontal carinae strongly developed, curving down shortly before posterior head margin, forming dorsal margin of very well-developed antennal scrobes; scrobes moderately shallow; posterior and ventral margins not fully defined, merging with very strong cephalic sculpture. Antennal scapes short, not reaching posterior head margin (SI 64-66). Eyes relatively small (OI 19-20). Mesosomal outline in profile conspicuously convex, rounded, and very high (LMI 50-56), moderately to strongly marginate from lateral to dorsal mesosoma; promesonotal suture and metanotal groove absent. Propodeal spines long (PSLI 29-31), elongate-triangular to spinose, and acute; propodeal lobes short, triangular to elongate-triangular, and acute. Petiolar node in profile high, rectangular nodiform with well-defined antero- and posterodorsal margins, between 1.6 to 1.8 times higher than long (LPeI 57-61), anterior and posterior faces approximately parallel, anterodorsal and posterodorsal margins situated at about the same height, petiolar dorsum flat to weakly convex; node in dorsal view around 1.3 to 1.5 times wider than long (DPeI 130-148), in dorsal view pronotum between 1.8 to 2.0 times wider than petiolar node (PeNI 50-56). Postpetiole in profile anteroposteriorly compressed, approximately 1.5 to 1.6 times higher than long (LPpI 63-65); in dorsal view around 1.7 to 1.9 times wider than long (DPpI 167-185), pronotum only around 1.3 times wider than postpetiole (PpNI 75-79). Postpetiole in profile appearing approximately as voluminous as petiolar node but relatively thinner, postpetiole in dorsal view approximately 1.3 to 1.5 times wider than petiolar node (PPI 135-148). Gaster extremely enlarged and swollen. Mandibles unsculptured, smooth, and shining; clypeus longitudinally rugose, with five to six distinct rugae, median ruga better developed than remainder, rugae without cross-meshes; sculpture on cephalic dorsum between frontal carinae variable: either mainly longitudinally rugose with higher proportion of reticulate-rugose areas towards posterior head margin, or irregularly reticulate-rugose with a higher proportion of longitudinally rugose sculpture restricted anteriorly close to posterior clypeal margin; scrobal area partly unsculptured; lateral head longitudinally rugose to reticulate-rugose. Mesosoma laterally reticulate-rugose to irregularly longitudinally rugose with a few shining areas on mesopleuron and propodeum, dorsally reticulate-rugose to irregularly longitudinally rugose. Forecoxae unsculptured, smooth, and shining. Petiolar node laterally with weak, longitudinally rugose sculpture mostly restricted towards dorsum, dorsum of node mostly unsculptured, smooth, and shiny; sculpture on postpetiole better developed, laterally and dorsally reticulate-rugose. Basal half of first gastral tergite and most of first sternite with very conspicuous and strongly developed reticulate-rugose sculpture superimposed on a reticulate-punctate ground sculpture; remainder of gaster unsculptured, smooth, and shining. Ground sculpture on head, mesosoma, and waist segments weak to moderate, except procoxae with weak but distinct rugulose ground sculpture. Whole body with abundant, long, and fine standing hairs; first gastral tergite with a mix of more abundant, long, erect hairs and much scarcer, shorter, decumbent to subdecumbent hairs. Anterior edges of antennal scapes and dorsal (outer) surfaces of hind tibiae with decumbent to suberect hairs.
<pageBreakToken pageId="30" pageNumber="31" start="start">Head</pageBreakToken>
, mesosoma, and waist segments light to dark brown, mandibles, antennae, and legs light brown to yellow, and gaster much darker brown than remainder of body.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
The new species is named after the fictional character
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Gollum”">&quot;Gollum&quot;</normalizedToken>
from J.R.R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tolkien’s">Tolkien's</normalizedToken>
novels &quot;The Hobbit&quot; and &quot;The Lord of the Rings&quot;. The species epithet is an arbitrary combination of letters, thus invariable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="distribution and ecology">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
The new species is only known from the type locality, the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Analalava">d'Analalava</normalizedToken>
, which is a tropical dry forest located at an elevation of 700 m (Fig. 62). The biology of the species is unknown, but foraging might be undertaken on the ground since the only three known specimens were collected from a pitfall trap. Indicated by this lack of material,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium gollum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gollum">Tetramorium gollum</taxonomicName>
probably is one of the more rarely encountered
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tetramorium</taxonomicName>
species in Madagascar.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium gollum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gollum">Tetramorium gollum</taxonomicName>
is a very conspicuous species within the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium plesiarum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plesiarum">Tetramorium plesiarum</taxonomicName>
group and the whole Malagasy
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tetramorium</taxonomicName>
fauna. The extremely swollen gaster with strongly developed sculpture on the basal half of the tergite is easily recognisable within the species group. The only other Malagasy species with such conspicuous sculpture clearly extending to half of the tergite or more are
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium jedi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jedi">Tetramorium jedi</taxonomicName>
in the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium tortuosum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tortuosum">Tetramorium tortuosum</taxonomicName>
group and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium sericeiventre" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeiventre">Tetramorium sericeiventre</taxonomicName>
in the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium sericeiventre" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeiventre">Tetramorium sericeiventre</taxonomicName>
group. The latter has 12 antennal segments (vs. 11 in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium gollum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gollum">Tetramorium gollum</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium jedi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jedi">Tetramorium jedi</taxonomicName>
has, among other characters, a very differently shaped petiolar node (longer than broad in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium jedi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jedi">Tetramorium jedi</taxonomicName>
vs. broader than long in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium gollum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gollum">Tetramorium gollum</taxonomicName>
). Beyond sculpture and the enlarged gaster,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium gollum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gollum">Tetramorium gollum</taxonomicName>
is morphologically very similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium bressleri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bressleri">Tetramorium bressleri</taxonomicName>
, for example the petiolar node shape is identical in both suggesting a close relationship. However, they both also differ in the shape of the postpetiole, which is much higher and broader in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium gollum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gollum">Tetramorium gollum</taxonomicName>
(LPpI 63-65; DPpI 167-185) than in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium bressleri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bressleri">Tetramorium bressleri</taxonomicName>
(LPpI 59-63; DPpI 150-158).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<emphasis id="E80707B6B4C7FC9483C234C3FA867E32" bold="true" pageNumber="420">Cistus canus</emphasis>
Linnaeus var.
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Linnaeus
</taxonomicName>
,
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:
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403. 1771
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.
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<paragraph id="15FF5708363025CD7FE2DFF77A0A3376" pageNumber="420">RCN: 3902.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="884CEBC02C315B900A1FABF0B93ACA77" pageNumber="420">Type not designated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="2C7C2B46967630D4176D260B2F7F5B24" pageNumber="420">
Original material:
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Herb. Linn. No. 689.34 (
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)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="727A131819E78A90CFB0F9A3C10321FA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2612072396" collectionCode="LINN" specimenCode="689.35">
Herb. Linn. No. 689.35 (
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)
</materialsCitation>
.
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Current name:
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<emphasis id="03AB78E97ECFFB545FB9FE0D45BC9DD4" italics="true" pageNumber="420">
<emphasis id="F12EDC58D2C0AA976777943E12B65F83" bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="420">Helianthemum oelandicum</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(L.) DC. subsp.
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<emphasis id="AF1506018B91ABDC12645A7870BF899D" bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="420">alpestre</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Ces.
</taxonomicName>
(
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).
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<emphasis id="95C29BF23AEB7EF894B17E70C2275FEF" italics="true" pageNumber="420">Note:</emphasis>
Varietal epithet spelled
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in the protologue. See note by
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<normalizedToken id="853218B66D289644A5EA5708732650FA" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
(in
<emphasis id="0C4BF3BDC3540EE22DA887424C51561C" italics="true" pageNumber="420">Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid</emphasis>
50: 53. 1992).
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581
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<subSubSection id="C136D3BB48099A90EFDFE4B1DE053309" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0EF40602FD3E12F042B9A3F2853D9011">
<taxonomicName id="07F1707E1D9614BD755C89604DB6F822" ID-CoL="5B6L3" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamaedrys">
<emphasis id="9E3E4C047E41F922277FB8A030651E04" italics="true">Veronica chamaedrys</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="141A2A8458DE1D74DB9B8E4B100ED405" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="6E5401C1F0D659D28B2AC473B328D79F">
<vernacularName id="EAA99E5717925E963693E295C4C1736B">Gamander-Ehrenpreis</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="848D2B39997239E6527CFDDD6269D24A" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="9358151A379E73D4B865DDBABB6A9FC8">
Art ISFS: 441400 Checklist: 1049210
<taxonomicName id="54C854597520C4C2CCD05007CBC13B24" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Plantaginaceae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C740136E27D86711E158D75F4BB05391" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Veronica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="8F4BBAF4703F6A4E7573E55882D73D8E" authority="L. Enthaelt" authorityName="L. Enthaelt" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamaedrys">
Veronica chamaedrys L.
<normalizedToken id="C43AA7C275093B4FDCD081C5CC1BB25E" originalValue="Enthält">Enthaelt</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="67EB32B7021ACA10FE7D97283DE8F41A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="chamaedrys" subSpecies="chamaedrys">Veronica chamaedrys L. subsp. chamaedrys</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE0B3D26F45E5330544F1C01188081D5">
<heading id="2F70280F2E73D85C0E38F7AA5264A0C3">Zusammenfassung</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A648F786AC40C014417DD0DBD9180073" type="description">
<paragraph id="584567012DE3EA915804EB10E2BAA97A">
Artbeschreibung
<emphasis id="4407DE60DC8BC6BD8828D76BFB3E3724" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="3F668AF73E2C9775F9BF04D44E42160B" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
:
<quantity id="D4565AE8C72B269961552A600CC922AE" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="20.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="10.0">10-30 cm</quantity>
hoch, meist unverzweigt, aufsteigend,
<normalizedToken id="52973C845B61989A46B51E48B44F8C54" originalValue="Stängel">Staengel</normalizedToken>
2zeilig behaart.
<emphasis id="2C69CEA51A1DF08AE04DEB056B0E51F2" bold="true">
<normalizedToken id="6CDCA215E2FF19DC690DDB499B6007CD" originalValue="Blätter">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="969C47821BD7FA571AB4C4F2768BD606" originalValue="eiförmig">eifoermig</normalizedToken>
, bis 3,5 cm lang, grob
<normalizedToken id="8234A89E61E223F682C612310D7CC96A" originalValue="eingeschnitten-gezähnt">eingeschnitten-gezaehnt</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
, zerstreut behaart bis fast kahl, sitzend oder sehr kurz gestielt.
<emphasis id="E32F9650FB0C3BA5BC9AE7783C2AA115" bold="true">
<normalizedToken id="F39B09340E1C0F2637294BF8BAAA3CCC" originalValue="Blüten">Blueten</normalizedToken>
in
<normalizedToken id="65C64CBBE2DDA185119E69B84534B123" originalValue="vielblütigen">vielbluetigen</normalizedToken>
, lockeren Trauben
</emphasis>
, diese in den Blattwinkeln.
<emphasis id="244C30A3ADBC2AE6C5CDD18BF295CFC9" bold="true">Krone blau mit dunkleren Adern und weissem Schlund</emphasis>
, Durchmesser
<quantity id="98B567B8B4682599CC092E787EE2A39B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="10.0">10-14 mm</quantity>
. Frucht abgeflacht, ausgerandet, behaart. Griffel etwa gleich lang wie die Frucht.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="29506DEFEB6A07BA2011FB56864FF947" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="5F05AB6586BF35CD12F39CA66A928EB3">
<normalizedToken id="AC420CCF59F21015A22BB801E334EC67" originalValue="Blütezeit">Bluetezeit</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="1E45F55B4E3FB9A2A069C19007A33DA8" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="5A66411AA7AE5D4A58A97F67F7FFB50F" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: 4-8
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="29200A734C4D420CF89CB1CE27F02CC6">
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz
<emphasis id="78FC0829C2D5F598FB8426B5B4F3BAB8" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="33ABA506287A30EA030C3DE81FF5E24F" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: Wiesen, lichte
<normalizedToken id="77D6652BEFAEE04907AF4ACB3831E6A2" originalValue="Wälder">Waelder</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="CA88C899D406E5098EC14FA503948129" originalValue="Lägerstellen">Laegerstellen</normalizedToken>
/ kollin-subalpin(-alpin) / CH
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9B389D7111A5BCE1A02E45C6F732EA4B" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="05C2A00198C637C28A7C8514E080B26B">
Verbreitung global
<emphasis id="15F559A6A84CCA691FACE4C476616346" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="F06D6AFBF479D92DF9F9DE4DA74742BA" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: Eurasiatisch
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2CDAD10641338BC183A052DC5FDCD961" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="5E0D4038217057DEF12B92DAB40A107A">
<normalizedToken id="3C4C63835FB1761519E7EE440A56D420" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte
<emphasis id="26C7A8D96DAAE1421E7F63E227CF27CD" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="B94147D71B85565A19ECFCB3C122848B" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
2 + 43-333.c-h.2n=32
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="03455A66C14A078BAD26FFFE837E2975" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8666329DF7685AE8125473F25E5FC052">Status</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81719434F5721A2A885F4DC43579597A" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="36991B46B075EE2054294BA308444B43">
<heading id="CAE9E53EDC8ADDEC48C7B20A0AE8F2AE">Status IUCN</heading>
: Nicht
<normalizedToken id="15A184190783CF2BC48B0D39229AAC14" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="36385F781CE0B19854ADA6DBB5969C00" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="1029EA15C55715CDBDE8972BC54F0983">
<heading id="DBD57D923EB16C33FC67381CD77F1CA6">
<normalizedToken id="D40441D17ABF0E4AE9B548514934CCCA" originalValue="Ökologie">Oekologie</normalizedToken>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A7E9402D8E9B81CC9BB23AEB44FEAC19">
Lebensform Krautiger Chamaephyt,
<normalizedToken id="C1ACA64FBD961A603BAA087DBBDE0662" originalValue="Mehrjähriger">Mehrjaehriger</normalizedToken>
Hemikryptophyt
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A1D14786B5693BDE090F54AC6E9E7AE9">
<heading id="88109EBEE3A004547783E3454BA9D222">Lebensraum Lebensraum</heading>
nach
<bibRefCitation id="626BEE982649124DDC2426D32393515A" author="Delarze, R. &amp; Gonseth, Y. &amp; Eggenberger, S. &amp; Vust, M." location="Bad Hersfeld, Germany" publisher="Ott Verlag" refString="Delarze, R., Gonseth, Y., Eggenberger, S., Vust, M. 2015. Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie – Gefährdung – Kennarten (3rd edition). Ott Verlag, Bad Hersfeld, Germany, 456 pp." title="Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie – Gefährdung – Kennarten (3rd edition)" year="2015">Delarze &amp; al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="839CA0357C5A7114EA4A2A03FCE037AC">
<table id="F223ACAFC46871EB542A34571DCD60E7" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="398EB0610A9A5E6F401B5203390A4430">
<tr id="87C9426D60EA7DA1E75355E108C1A586">
<td id="88884E24BF28DA5B9F7503ED09595A80">4.5 - Fettwiesen und -weiden</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E1237746F2529717C43BD1ABF3C073D0">
<td id="6768052E352D6056730C115F0D3DF680">
4.5.1 - Talfettwiesen (Fromentalwiese) (
<emphasis id="2E496C71A63FBC09CE5D6C15610410EE" italics="true">Arrhenatherion</emphasis>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4B655181718789D68B1B45BB7E1F60E3">
<td id="C8C8CA4B2E9B0516DE8805ED6258716B">
5.1 -
<normalizedToken id="8E73B7F5A60AFED27F424726D13C103B" originalValue="Krautsäume">Krautsaeume</normalizedToken>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2F7D4D2BEB27D33B505F9D6D74667BC8">
<td id="6EE138A2799CD35579DFFCC5C8A3B462">
5.1.2 - Mesophiler Krautsaum (
<emphasis id="004176B4D06A78CD25D2C6E809A86BF3" italics="true">Trifolion medii</emphasis>
)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8147804DD637BF34D5F52F1F045D2936">
<tableNote id="E853688C2D086B1A49A9F232F6013488">
<emphasis id="ADB17DBB7DD2DCC9388B57C564AFCDA5" bold="true">fett</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C4832D95AE7A498DBA0511B32BF5FAEE" italics="true">
Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes
<normalizedToken id="110F3FFFE72CDBCE0E9DD51BCE8FFC13" originalValue="mitprägt">mitpraegt</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6A2AF695462B4772A3EF783C7C850B3E" italics="true">Charakterart</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5BE942C22379D5439881F765232AA10E" italics="true">Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art</emphasis>
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1DB0F4BCFFBC54BB8E7027E4AB7E109" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="875B8D6ECDF82D6FEBE29BFC7B9F2D5A">
<normalizedToken id="9CE191069B2126B34779E14363B621EC" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte nach
<bibRefCitation id="F94B4A60466930EE952E4BC2F9D56050" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2E7E17A4367631DDDFD199576C9FA6F4">
<table id="70F1BB01B76559DAC19211C0BF78A791" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="D1ECFE08212385A58D580E2396EFF1E2">
<tr id="5497ADD7A9A36A051A7A7EFDDC17110B">
<th id="A623E70940AEF332EE58ABFC8C95AB36" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="39A2DB8D2515C744BB8E908B43680C56" bold="true">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="486497D13D76C82BB2980729C4A60618" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="BFE1CFEBA0F4C6D4EC3B6CC11CB37864" bold="true">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768A68AD2683568B4A08849DB1BA270D" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="191943C343A8D4CB85BD2CB2FC5CBA7E" bold="true">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="221AD156FDCC46F6CC6EE15E7AE9EA87">
<td id="D5DF0CD03397A4A92EAA26CED894DBA1">Feuchtezahl F</td>
<td id="AD18D5AF0DD282B76310ADAA306EA844" style="text-align:left;width:100px">frisch</td>
<td id="D0AC0892F9DBD7F0D5036FC2CA2AE926">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="49A657F029A7C241BD6E10CCACE8D083" style="text-align:left;width:60px">halbschattig</td>
<td id="503EA71137D5C7D80FCF8682EA8815C1">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="B561954B38580D4E59F56A9F944D800F" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="BA34FA9B30AD5F13512D608EDFCC57D6">
<td id="C9805206ACB9B98DABBDA7CF216F6818">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="6EF57179E7AC30AB11F84B65E808821A" style="text-align:left">neutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)</td>
<td id="98BF7A01CA95B4E766465DC8B335A6E6">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="A7D89E91D48138EB5FE4583574A61394" style="text-align:left">
montan (
<normalizedToken id="14083ABADA4728577840035A4A6D6E5F" originalValue="Wälder">Waelder</normalizedToken>
mit Buche, Weisstanne, in den Zentralalpen mit
<normalizedToken id="7092B6016E6AF563772946B3A6F33BEB" originalValue="Waldföhre">Waldfoehre</normalizedToken>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EE3DBBDABADC0557E4CDB116947955C">
<td id="14E3A2AA0F3CC10050A424303EC8D105">
<normalizedToken id="BCA3DA90098B27D6B6D06443057470DB" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
</td>
<td id="9B8FD9B6EF54A1314D8E13E1CC583300" style="text-align:left">
<normalizedToken id="7F650F06FE4982E1BFBE67CC7DE691FB" originalValue="mässig">maessig</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="279451073B6BF12969A7F558362C5B7F" originalValue="nährstoffarm">naehrstoffarm</normalizedToken>
bis
<normalizedToken id="21C4DD190B18F5B4A76DF58AC53A45D4" originalValue="mässig">maessig</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="58A73DA68548982E9CEEDE30E4319544" originalValue="nährstoffreich">naehrstoffreich</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="945AB924B27C8583196FE77D31BDF41E">
<normalizedToken id="03F47F1C1063B80055DA9BF420FD9929" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
</td>
<td id="8803839FF739DFC5B06DBFA9A41FB9AE" style="text-align:left">
subozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit,
<normalizedToken id="DE23DCC8BB5C0053351BB32F82290D60" originalValue="mässige">maessige</normalizedToken>
Temperaturschwankungen und
<normalizedToken id="FDE2814AB0A2D51CB606F5A4F5C0DBC9" originalValue="mässig">maessig</normalizedToken>
tiefe Wintertemperaturen)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EFA17A1E8764145F73D390BE68D8A413" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="262CF4CBD55294C6D9B208D9DFAAF146">
<heading id="EC2D26E7FE81AF7B9D66E248EB5D5652">Nomenklatur</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C6BA9EC31D43F5B0A7ACEC85CB2BDE87">
<treatmentCitation id="36D73A2598BD3B595465ED10B2B7B307">
<heading id="C6A77069F9BB75DA85BC4AF4B9097851">
<normalizedToken id="A255A9539C495A12C8D8A25D3D0F0149" originalValue="Gültiger">Gueltiger</normalizedToken>
Name (
<bibRefCitation id="03BC2738ADBA27F867FAE98A7FB236F0" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</heading>
:
<taxonomicName id="1A25988C88299E53A511E94BC91DA407" ID-CoL="5B6L3" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamaedrys">
<emphasis id="99D2C41A35F6FAA254BC18F4CC882940" italics="true">Veronica chamaedrys</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="414DD7ECF7E4E23B4249635AE5D6B712" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="7FEB75A10BDEA65FBE6AA2CCD6AF3A91">
Volksname Deutscher Name:
<vernacularName id="34F18FE641E1605C14C06DF764AF60F9" language="deu">Gamander-Ehrenpreis</vernacularName>
Nom
<normalizedToken id="D8DCE743474043EA257C9B1F5FB19715" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
:
<vernacularName id="8AEC519359AA5FF746A9044A9CB7FEBD" language="fra">
<normalizedToken id="FEC8B07FDF15A17814100D5DD29AAB7D" originalValue="Véronique">Veronique</normalizedToken>
commune
</vernacularName>
Nome italiano:
<vernacularName id="2E4DDEB821FB20E100E9C481EC12C0C4" language="ita">
<taxonomicName id="63DD66C83B7C6053F2C7745890CD3D3A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Veronica</taxonomicName>
comune
</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A9BA89B0074B25ADE97926BC5DA0580C" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EB42F6BFD79508F6BBC7E62E8212564B">
<normalizedToken id="1D219940812DA4F13D4B83263FBFA7C1" originalValue="Übereinstimmung">Uebereinstimmung</normalizedToken>
mit anderen Referenzwerken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="91C20BEE42B694B4B5C541DD1657EBCE">
<table id="37A39567FB9C0E9B6EB51C4F3D3E3820" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="DF410BE82209F9FA400F33916A0B9C73">
<tr id="CED0A220E92FD25A715CA2ACC96967A5">
<th id="D9F169E713908826F89B24A47E2023B8" width="80px">Relation</th>
<th id="EC174D16FF26D41D1CAAE655F03E97A2">Nom</th>
<th id="744D57DD93851FE9C51D6C53B4B05F02">Referenzwerke</th>
<th id="698B734CDC643BA44DBDABF2DBC3D114" width="90px">No</th>
</tr>
<tr id="AED919F345279545881B5625034C0180">
<td id="E6A181873FE4C8218B0ED3088BE353F0" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="9FA4A3F11678310962AB72761B3E1A3E">
<taxonomicName id="0985549141EE4065E67AEA228D5A9D27" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamaedrys">Veronica chamaedrys L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="2BE5FB74CC69ECB5BC3710B6058666C9">
<treatmentCitation id="FC19468D7403FCA7C64B351096BAE229">
<bibRefCitation id="A93FA684E92E5AB971183E55DCBF107E" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="F3DEAB5FC602D6701771DBE36FCF1A79">441400</td>
</tr>
<tr id="263267A3539952CCFEFD3D7558235F04">
<td id="6AFFAFC9C7F6B838F9BFCE38041A488F" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="8EC160F53F26BE6642DA3499FFAC5ADE">
<taxonomicName id="F1D9899F47F61AF09AAF91D4C4DCC99C" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamaedrys">Veronica chamaedrys L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="5734470D13B49799A3CEC8CE655D6A05">
<treatmentCitation id="68223CC4179EA98CFFCB70472198E9BB">
<bibRefCitation id="0CA343522CC0FC4E50030E55E409C301">Flora Helvetica 2001</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="24E9B907A73A8A1BE4A49134B3147BDD">1787</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A8C989B22ED551AB161456A3D417387C">
<td id="07E9D2CC7A612591CD94053EE25E8308" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="6E5D3ECF19630E567FF1BD1CC10C6FDC">
<taxonomicName id="2634DCF0B0E8247CD7D59EB4C8CA1414" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamaedrys">Veronica chamaedrys L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="D0E6B84D8592852CB8B4772B8FF60CAB">
<treatmentCitation id="7CBF9A8F01A1E830555C084FA9D0B0DA">
<bibRefCitation id="C79C4739F96022348204B0BD502FA686">Flora Helvetica 2012</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="AEDCCB4EC43B7D7896B8360BC5240ACC">1691</td>
</tr>
<tr id="64C288797FA6E4BA0878431B7449FA91">
<td id="70A7C9A3045BC1C43AF96F1FBA537968" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="CF30F93F8071166CC63BB499DE3666CA">
<taxonomicName id="B02568A65E29DBD40B1032F1AB505DB7" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamaedrys">Veronica chamaedrys L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="5AECEB0D72B68D4E37FF9B3B5612D424">
<treatmentCitation id="8AB37FE8AB7C6F14EEF568018174137A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C13087433603D2AADAA08C5FB33C86F9">
<bibRefCitation id="9C2728BD0D650BDE8D5ED57DA2E93DFF">Flora Helvetica 2018</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="8784D5FA606DD8A80474C1C2562C9DB2">1691</td>
</tr>
<tr id="07A955324317C48636EE702263FF15B9">
<td id="827A5B95FC6A7BED5F96730723D42A59" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="1AB14F61B8F0BD267E8AD97552BF57BF">
<taxonomicName id="31C5A265137D691752533933FCE06916" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamaedrys">Veronica chamaedrys L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="40880BD0A0408E9B44DADC8BB140F327">
<treatmentCitation id="A9FC0C6985728AC440FEFCD876FDE5A4">
<bibRefCitation id="1757A1366695A1E274AE014DFA441A9A">Index synonymique 1996</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="2292DECA22B5F45A98439A1E0F3AAF1F">441400</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00B17F3D76B8E6914E24E0122CE60971">
<td id="96DABD5A1EA9A7EE788F81887B31785B" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="ED58F0E9F517A9328C7381291F3CE893">
<taxonomicName id="47F4B096434E14FBC29ACDDA1C73856C" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamaedrys">Veronica chamaedrys L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="C08B95075BF88DADB6C75C06DC1D1CFD">
<treatmentCitation id="53422F5A75087B813E8343B13199EFE8">
<bibRefCitation id="0399D20E9E6C3D3C0D30C6EAF0E4D6FE">Landolt 1977</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="EBD68ABBB9B0C90A2E73B4953A798103">2614</td>
</tr>
<tr id="02F8295904D99493ACF7339F2753AF7F">
<td id="15B7565FC90365AD58C7EDDEE172C50B" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="B0DCAB6B18F950AA4C8E5979117E101D">
<taxonomicName id="2C9BFFA31AE50009EE31E83AC7C679DA" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamaedrys">Veronica chamaedrys L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="B7964C49D091145D27D9453AAA9698C3">
<treatmentCitation id="7F94BA9D0D57D103B1E2D3CB81A5372D">
<bibRefCitation id="1AF2AA048657AE8F94FC405ABE435289">Landolt 1991</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="0180EB43BFF49E3F3378F78DAB727FEE">2122</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C7C13EEEF0CFC3B90AAEF3112A7EC734">
<td id="47B9C604B77648571F1A07287C93CC5B" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="7676D791BEC34855D2BA69BACCD71979">
<taxonomicName id="98E9173CCEAE19E2AAEE43E2EBA0B0AD" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamaedrys">Veronica chamaedrys L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="8A5E7F9E99E8D0FE42F89F90222594A4">
<treatmentCitation id="675E5D9BC245714765025CEEF63C0CCF">
<bibRefCitation id="F93D8A6803F585608944C82C96F22C96">SISF/ISFS 2</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="2E608B95E054F9D00229DB9BE74DE654">441400</td>
</tr>
<tr id="10BAE942C32FABE55D3F178A7CC8C0A7">
<td id="688228DC00523D9E2CA271B1F7C8BFDA" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="111F06657AFCD2E8685654101255E740">
<taxonomicName id="E799AF912679587A187289D5B40BA29C" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamaedrys">Veronica chamaedrys L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="4FE382B6994675A352215F925212B91D">
<treatmentCitation id="39B16D22979C3776020ECDD548FCA40E">
<bibRefCitation id="4E712C5F2D57975DBC98F2B34CD77FB4">Welten &amp; Sutter 1982</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="2427BDDD3A1CCF2082024CC28D109FC7">1499</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA3844C036109EEEFF8AD44203F7C7FC">
<tableNote id="BF760A6228C466C30D4A42E4E3C8C518">
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon
<normalizedToken id="F8EB9DEC507AB4F85AF5C02843BBA1EF" originalValue="überein">ueberein</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation id="251203C7B2CB20353794E5D8AD4BE9D8" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) &lt;Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="04117011F28DC731ED544FFABAAD81BD" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) enthalten&gt; Taxon
<normalizedToken id="6FCFEE8860C4B0454A8AD6B0490476D0" originalValue="enthält">enthaelt</normalizedToken>
(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="CE7438D16B91FAAC07F709A200DAF682" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="772B069849B72F5BE66EB9D1DC988206" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="3BBA6C2C099BD75A0CA5B82A6BB3FC3C">
<heading id="50DAC622A540C796AD25C74A2F6FDCF1">Status Indigenat</heading>
: Indigen
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5A528860553EE600563CBB6FDDF6C3D">
<emphasis id="2D785639214E1FE1179C9FC9B577109F" bold="true">
<heading id="1F8658EB92FE6D24388AE354E9CA4092">
Liste der
<normalizedToken id="51450BEF67A206E172654CE496CCE118" originalValue="gefährdeten">gefaehrdeten</normalizedToken>
Pflanzen IUCN
</heading>
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="37BF997AC6182CBAA8808D1A4632A385" author="Walter, K.S. &amp; Gillett, H.J." location="Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" publisher="IUCN" refString="Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (editors). 1998. 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" title="IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants" year="1997">Walter &amp; Gillett 1997</bibRefCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Nein
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C297549CBBA46E4DADCD387409F2631">
<heading id="484412C8D3C44D71A56AABE01AAEB4E3">Status Rote Liste national 2016</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F5E703B37680DC21AF239962C0D8710">
<heading id="D10C937376F8B3CE67D0CF18453B434C">Status IUCN</heading>
: Nicht
<normalizedToken id="42DF401CA6C43A413CEF7D45469B6083" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="66BE82B1EC8709A5DFC87EE511E9B6D5">
<heading id="739A2690D4911C1AE03F5324AD51332F">
<normalizedToken id="9EA8D0D5480D7045E1A6F16355A629FF" originalValue="Zusätzliche">Zusaetzliche</normalizedToken>
Informationen
</heading>
Kriterien IUCN: --
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F36544E0F7F9738A9844BFE3AB7D3691">
<heading id="20F54ABD22C750B01928DE1C1D35EE02">Status Rote Liste regional 2019</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="43BCCAC8B4B5BD7CDE24E2BF2E1BEDCF">
<table id="FA2DF543E548F6F36C3164BA4147F76C" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="243DB7C19E9119435EA885B41CDCDB68">
<tr id="84F155962D10E587B6003BE870B7F013">
<th id="1DECB3B1F16154E9AD10484E49D6B0A7">Biogeografische Regionen</th>
<th id="8504CB8C0F130DCE03EE9D6A81E8EB5D">Status</th>
<th id="A438C41B5E4CED17A3F97A45E8D795FF">Kriterien IUCN</th>
</tr>
<tr id="4C9162E738165AA0BCADA4641C49F9DB">
<td id="C4C8E2BB0F810D87FD3CFAB8BF586926" class="regional_status">Jura (JU)</td>
<td id="04B9C0902BF639E95B1412DD0B011934">
nicht
<normalizedToken id="9F06BA9E4356DF15E9D8B12B7E190E13" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
(Least Concern)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="726210C324D91268A562B36BC9B63D6F">
<td id="1C7510A31FBDB05BB2DD752FF55F2FCC" class="regional_status">Mittelland (MP)</td>
<td id="D04C1B305335D26E8A0FCC201C7F7081">
nicht
<normalizedToken id="A2C59C7C9F2BC5E9AC5B79C714D70E00" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
(Least Concern)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="976CE2107FC904C30B1C57A0C3FC4541">
<td id="B8B1571AB7DBDF0803569179E81A3484" class="regional_status">Alpennordflanke (NA)</td>
<td id="4E83713150731896E0E9F9719E861AA0">
nicht
<normalizedToken id="D69983901E76BC182FBEE01700D73997" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
(Least Concern)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="BA06C1F0B0E8C981BD92E27CC792EC3D">
<td id="DBE7F76E452333811369CF3BFFA4E001" class="regional_status">
<normalizedToken id="053BD92C2056D4A659C51AC5862FAD4E" originalValue="Alpensüdflanke">Alpensuedflanke</normalizedToken>
(SA)
</td>
<td id="E237678977F4A2350F165A792C6E3A00">
nicht
<normalizedToken id="BDA8842CE4E867DBB42AE5541BA96ADB" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
(Least Concern)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="673EBE3B37C0C4CA966C08424F8DAA13">
<td id="B9BC59766628F7EA2C463355C351B24A" class="regional_status">
<normalizedToken id="067CC016345746220C04247B3C82DE8D" originalValue="Östliche">Oestliche</normalizedToken>
Zentralalpen (EA)
</td>
<td id="43C0E29E2F506AEB61E75B68746AF942">
nicht
<normalizedToken id="3BAD840C872290B0EE7511CDBF552506" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
(Least Concern)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="220A14085A76C3AA020E8A27373B03E7">
<td id="E6FF840B0F25AF459F63C6A2DD91B297" class="regional_status">Westliche Zentralalpen (WA)</td>
<td id="557C779A65A0BB28EA61A0E61E3D865E">
nicht
<normalizedToken id="8C0E4B0A0F614A7F4D93CAD99BF3BDF6" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
(Least Concern)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A737AF6BB2B9F5284C247798347C7EAE">
<heading id="84A00591709F0FC1CB004B33B9AD8858">
Status nationale
<normalizedToken id="5EA5355A336EBCDCB7B0B6FBF20903F7" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
/Verantwortung
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A02B79A8479D0EC357FB17691256B231">
<table id="B8B57CA401EE7698396FBFE607A287F1" class="table" inLine="true">
<tr id="E91A2B4C809FDAB6AC46A000977F78C4">
<td id="F96BDA66E78C33A4F16154D99274C7D0">
Keine nationale
<normalizedToken id="88D7B247D1627BFDC73D48CE12E6B989" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
oder internationale Verantwortung
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="30A7DA191243151CCE21FAB808FFE96B">
<heading id="039A8687527A7F764FF6A530224ED864">Schutzstatus</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B39E2FD7A286AE5546B45C1722881C1">
<table id="44FBC7E46109B05D8E7372F81E04E5B4" class="table" inLine="true">
<tr id="4935537EB7B1BBBB9C2F87ADB76581D3">
<td id="364AC65CA9E549BE46D1690ADAFBA130">Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title>Re-establishment of the genus Pseudalbizzia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade): the New World species formerly placed in Albizia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Ramirez Morillo, Ivon Mercedes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Can Itza, Lilia Lorena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Herbario GUAY, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil, Avenida Juan Tanca Marengo s / n y Avenida de las Aguas Casilla 09 - 01 - 10634, Guayaquil, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon, 41000 Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Duno de Stefano, Rodrigo</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="371">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Aviles Peraza &amp; Koenen &amp; Riina &amp; Hughes &amp; Ringelberg &amp; Carnevali Fernández-Concha &amp; Ramírez Morillo &amp; Can Itza &amp; Tamayo-Cen &amp; Ramírez Prado &amp; Cornejo &amp; Mattapha &amp; Duno de Stefano" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Albizia niopoides subsp. var. var. colombiana" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="371" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="niopoides" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="var." variety="colombiana">Albizia niopoides var. colombiana</taxonomicName>
(Britton) Barneby &amp; J.W. Grimes, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 74(1): 222. 1996.
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="371" type="basionym">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="371">Basionym.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="371">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizzia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Albizzia colombiana" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="371" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="colombiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="371">Albizzia colombiana</emphasis>
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Britton, in Britton &amp; Killip, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 35: 131. 1936.
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="371">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1899-08-03" collectorName="H. H. Smith" country="Colombia" location="Santa Marta" municipality="Bonda" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Magdalena" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Magdalena">Magdalena</collectingRegion>
, near
<collectingMunicipality>Bonda</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C0828F6F254508D8F6CB1C8EB40D791:4EDFBB6360527ABC5DC74AE541C78E77" country="Colombia" municipality="Bonda" name="Santa Marta" stateProvince="Magdalena">Santa Marta</location>
,
<collectingDate value="1899-08-03">3 August 1899</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="371">
<collectorName>H.H. Smith</collectorName>
38
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: NY! [NY00001784]; isotypes: BR! [BR0000005111176], E! [E00313853], K! [K000527990], NY!, U-2! [U0003354, U1253389])
</materialsCitation>
.
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<taxonomicName authority="var. niopoides" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pseudalbizzia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudalbizzia niopoides subsp. var. var. niopoides" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="371" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="niopoides" subSpecies="var." variety="niopoides">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="371">Pseudalbizzia niopoides var. niopoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

155
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Kondratieff &amp; Kirchner
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Grubbs &amp; Sheldon (2008) provided the first confirmed Alabama state record of
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<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFACC8F4F09C2FE51" box="[1287,1444,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Sweltsa onkos</emphasis>
(Ricker)
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from Talladega National Forest. Kondratieff &amp; Kirchner (2009) has since partitioned this species into a northern and eastern form (
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<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFB288FFA0958FE24" box="[1251,1342,474,498]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">S. onkos</emphasis>
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) known from Atlantic
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south to Virginia and recentlydescribed second species (
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<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFB418C01096DFDEF" box="[1162,1291,545,569]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">S. hoffmani</emphasis>
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) distributed from western New York south to eastern Tennessee. This specimen has since been reexamined and determined as
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<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFC248CAC0800FD75" box="[1007,1126,651,675]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">S. hoffmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The prior Alabama records (
<bibRefCitation id="D0304B16FFE2BA5BFC808C8F0FB7FD11" author="James" box="[843,977,687,711]" firstAuthor="James" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" refId="ref3019" refString="James, A. M. 1972. The stoneflies (Plecoptera) of Alabama. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama. 169 pp." type="book" year="1972">James 1972</bibRefCitation>
, Stark &amp; Harris 1986,
<bibRefCitation id="D0304B16FFE2BA5BFB1C8C8F0917FD11" author="Surdick" box="[1239,1393,687,711]" firstAuthor="Surdick" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 192" refId="ref3611" refString="Surdick, R. F. 2004. Chloroperlidae (The Sallflies). Pages 1 - 60. In: Stark, B. P. &amp; B. J. Armitage (editors). The Stoneflies (Plecoptera) of Eastern North America. Vol. II. Chloroperlidae, Perlidae, and Perlodidae (Perlodinae). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey New Series, 14: 1 - 192." type="journal article" year="2004">Surdick 2004</bibRefCitation>
) for
<taxonomicName id="73A14D64FFE2BA5BFC888CF20FF3FD3C" authorityName="Ricker" authorityYear="1943" box="[835,917,722,746]" class="Insecta" family="Chloroperlidae" genus="Sweltsa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFC888CF20FF3FD3C" box="[835,917,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Sweltsa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="73A14D64FFE2BA5BFC108CF308B7FD3C" authority="(Banks))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Banks" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[987,1233,722,746]" class="Insecta" family="Chloroperlidae" genus="Sweltsa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediana">
<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFC108CF3083BFD3C" box="[987,1117,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">S. mediana</emphasis>
(Banks))
</taxonomicName>
were based on females, yet are likely
<taxonomicName id="73A14D64FFE2BA5BFBAE8CD60881FCD8" authorityName="Kondratieff &amp; Kirchner" authorityYear="2009" box="[1125,1255,758,782]" class="Insecta" family="Chloroperlidae" genus="Sweltsa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoffmani">
<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFBAE8CD60881FCD8" box="[1125,1255,758,782]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">S. hoffmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Females of
<taxonomicName id="73A14D64FFE2BA5BFA458CD60FC4FCE7" authorityName="Kondratieff &amp; Kirchner" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Chloroperlidae" genus="Sweltsa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoffmani">
<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFA458CD60FC4FCE7" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">S. hoffmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73A14D64FFE2BA5BFC648D3A0842FCE7" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Banks" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[943,1060,793,817]" class="Insecta" family="Chloroperlidae" genus="Sweltsa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediana">
<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFC648D3A0842FCE7" box="[943,1060,793,817]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">S. mediana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="73A14D64FFE2BA5BFBAF8D3A08DBFCE7" baseAuthorityName="Ricker" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[1124,1213,793,817]" class="Insecta" family="Chloroperlidae" genus="Sweltsa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="onkos">
<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFBAF8D3A08DBFCE7" box="[1124,1213,793,817]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">S. onkos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very difficult to distinguish and the distribution of
<taxonomicName id="73A14D64FFE2BA5BFB1D8D1D092EFC83" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Banks" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[1238,1352,829,853]" class="Insecta" family="Chloroperlidae" genus="Sweltsa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediana">
<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFB1D8D1D092EFC83" box="[1238,1352,829,853]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">S. mediana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is in the southern Appalachian Mountains only from southwestern Virginia south to northwestern South Carolina. In addition, a second state record of
<taxonomicName id="73A14D64FFE2BA5BFA458D880FC4FC35" authorityName="Kondratieff &amp; Kirchner" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Chloroperlidae" genus="Sweltsa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoffmani">
<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFA458D880FC4FC35" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">S. hoffmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is now confirmed from the far northwestern portion of the state.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCBB656CFFE2BA5BFC888A320FF9FB0A" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B41E36E7FFE2BA5BFC888A320FF9FB0A" blockId="2.[835,1444,332,1244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFC888A320848FBFC" bold="true" box="[835,1070,1042,1066]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="04C93CBAFFE2BA5BFBFF8A320FF8FB43" collectingDate="2006-05-22" collectingDateMax="2008-05-04" collectingDateMin="2006-05-22" collectorName="A. L. Sheldon" country="United States of America" county="Cleburne Co." location="Talladega National Forest" municipality="Dugger Mountain" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Alabama">
<collectingCountry id="CCB67677FFE2BA5BFBFF8A3208E7FBFC" box="[1076,1153,1042,1066]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="7665F805FFE2BA5BFB478A32089EFBFC" box="[1164,1272,1042,1066]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Alabama</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="5D7F4E6BFFE2BA5BFAC98A3209F8FBFC" box="[1282,1438,1042,1066]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Cleburne Co.</collectingCounty>
, small stream draining
<collectingMunicipality id="547AAC9DFFE2BA5BFB868A160942FB98" box="[1101,1316,1078,1102]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Dugger Mountain</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B17E603CFFE2BA5BFAE48A160865FBA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C0887F1FFE2BA5BFC888F070FF9FB0A:B17E603CFFE2BA5BFAE48A160865FBA7" country="United States of America" county="Cleburne Co." municipality="Dugger Mountain" name="Talladega National Forest" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" stateProvince="Alabama">Talladega National Forest</location>
,
<date id="C01F1027FFE2BA5BFBDE8A7A08DCFBA7" box="[1045,1210,1113,1138]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" value="2006-05-22">
<collectingDate id="D05BE9CFFFE2BA5BFBDE8A7A08DCFBA7" box="[1045,1210,1113,1138]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" value="2006-05-22">22 May 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="19545331FFE2BA5BFB078A7A0909FBA7" box="[1228,1391,1113,1138]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">A.L. Sheldon</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="A2A7FD6EFFE2BA5BFA4A8A7A09C5FBA7" box="[1409,1443,1112,1138]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(WKU);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="04C93CBAFFE2BA5BFC688A5D0FFDFB0A" collectingDate="2006-05-22" collectingDateMax="2008-05-04" collectingDateMin="2006-05-22" collectorName="S. A. Grubbs" country="United States of America" county="Cleburne Co." location="Talladega National Forest" municipality="Dugger Mountain" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Alabama">
<location id="B17E603CFFE2BA5BFC688A5D084DFB43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C0887F1FFE2BA5BFC888F070FF9FB0A:B17E603CFFE2BA5BFC688A5D084DFB43" box="[931,1067,1149,1173]" country="United States of America" county="Cleburne Co." municipality="Dugger Mountain" name="Colbert Co." pageId="2" pageNumber="26" stateProvince="Alabama">Colbert Co.</location>
, tributary to
<collectorName id="19545331FFE2BA5BFB748A5E091FFB43" box="[1215,1401,1149,1173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Ross Branch, CR</collectorName>
<locationDeviation id="A5AC2FC5FFE2BA5BFAB68A5D0873FB6F" location="Waterloo" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">
<quantity id="73599B02FFE2BA5BFAB68A5D0F0FFB6F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" unit="km" value="1.6">1, 6 km</quantity>
SE Waterloo
</locationDeviation>
,
<date id="C01F1027FFE2BA5BFBE28A8108A4FB6F" box="[1065,1218,1185,1209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" value="2008-05-04">
<collectingDate id="D05BE9CFFFE2BA5BFBE28A8108A4FB6F" box="[1065,1218,1185,1209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" value="2008-05-04">4 May 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="19545331FFE2BA5BFB1E8A810908FB6F" box="[1237,1390,1185,1209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">S.A. Grubbs</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="A2A7FD6EFFE2BA5BFA4A8A8109C5FB6E" box="[1409,1443,1183,1209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(WKU)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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88
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<taxonomicName id="73A14D64FFE2BA5BFF7688080D85F996" ID-CoL="6MZXT" authority="Frison" authorityName="Frison" authorityYear="1935" box="[189,483,1576,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Perlodidae" genus="Isoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decepta">
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<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFF7688080DE1F996" bold="true" box="[189,391,1576,1600]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Isoperla decepta</emphasis>
Frison
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has been reported from southern
<collectingRegion id="7665F805FFE2BA5BFEFB886C0DEDF9B2" box="[304,395,1612,1636]" country="Canada" name="Ontario" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Ontario</collectingRegion>
south to
<collectingRegion id="7665F805FFE2BA5BFDC9886C0E15F9B2" box="[514,627,1612,1636]" country="United States of America" name="Kentucky" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Kentucky</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="7665F805FFE2BA5BFD7F886C0F7BF9B2" box="[692,797,1612,1636]" country="United States of America" name="Missouri" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Missouri</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D0304B16FFE2BA5BFF0E88500DC2F95E" author="DeWalt, R. E. &amp; U. Neu-Becker &amp; G. Steuber" box="[197,420,1648,1672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" publicationUrl="http://Plecoptera.SpeciesFile.org" refId="ref2491" refString="DeWalt, R. E., U. Neu-Becker, &amp; G. Steuber. 2010. Plecoptera species file online. Version 1.1 / 4.0 [6 August 2010]. HTML address, http: // Plecoptera. SpeciesFile. org" title="Plecoptera species file online. Version 1.1 / 4.0" type="url" year="2010">DeWalt et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
). This species has been recently collected in northern
<collectingRegion id="7665F805FFE2BA5BFE7588B30E4CF97D" box="[446,554,1683,1707]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Alabama</collectingRegion>
, representing a new state record and a small southern range extension.
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<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFF7688FA0DC9F924" bold="true" box="[189,431,1754,1778]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="CCB67677FFE2BA5BFE7088FB0E6EF925" box="[443,520,1755,1779]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="7665F805FFE2BA5BFDD288FB0EE3F925" box="[537,645,1755,1779]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Alabama</collectingRegion>
, Lauderdale Co., Anderson Creek,
<quantity id="73599B02FFE2BA5BFE0B88DE0D9FF8C0" box="[448,505,1790,1814]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
NE Rogersville,
<date id="C01F1027FFE2BA5BFD7688DF0C93F8EC" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" value="2002-04-21">21 April 2002</date>
, S.A. Grubbs,
<specimenCount id="A2A7FD6EFFE2BA5BFE6D89020DAEF8EC" box="[422,456,1825,1850]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2A7FD6EFFE2BA5BFE1389020D9CF8EC" box="[472,506,1825,1850]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
(WKU); Limestone Co., Cairo Branch, Elk River,
<quantity id="73599B02FFE2BA5BFE2189650E52F88B" box="[490,564,1861,1885]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
NE Rogersville,
<date id="C01F1027FFE2BA5BFCC989660D5DF857" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" value="2002-04-21">21 April 2002</date>
, S.A. Grubbs,
<specimenCount id="A2A7FD6EFFE2BA5BFE2A89490E65F857" box="[481,515,1896,1921]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
,
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, 3 nymphs (WKU).
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<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFF768A330DF7FBFD" bold="true" box="[189,401,1043,1067]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Perlesta decipiens</emphasis>
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is a variable species that is widely distributed across the central and eastern
<collectingCountry id="CCB67677FFE2BA5BFD258A170F7BFB99" box="[750,797,1079,1103]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">U.S.</collectingCountry>
(
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;
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). This species is common in large streams and small rivers in the Talladega National Forest region in east-central
<collectingRegion id="7665F805FFE2BA5BFF768AE50D4FFB0B" box="[189,297,1221,1245]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Alabama</collectingRegion>
, and is likely distributed broadly across the northern and central portions of the state.
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<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFF768B2C0DCCFAF2" bold="true" box="[189,426,1292,1316]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="CCB67677FFE2BA5BFE7A8B2C0D98FAF2" box="[433,510,1292,1316]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="7665F805FFE2BA5BFDC18B2C0E10FAF2" box="[522,630,1292,1316]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Alabama</collectingRegion>
, Calhoun Co., Terrapin Creek,
<collectingCountry id="CCB67677FFE2BA5BFE588B100DA2FA9E" box="[403,452,1328,1352]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">U.S.</collectingCountry>
278 at CR
<quantity id="73599B02FFE2BA5BFDA78B100E82FA9E" box="[620,740,1328,1352]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.34" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" unit="km" value="33.4">33, 4 km</quantity>
NE Piedmont,
<date id="C01F1027FFE2BA5BFEF78B740DA8FABA" box="[316,462,1364,1388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" value="2008-05-17">17 May 2008</date>
, S.A. Grubbs,
<specimenCount id="A2A7FD6EFFE2BA5BFDBB8B740EF4FABD" box="[624,658,1362,1388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2A7FD6EFFE2BA5BFD568B740ED9FABD" box="[669,703,1362,1388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
(WKU); Clay Co., Enitachopco Creek, CR
<quantity id="73599B02FFE2BA5BFDA58B570EB9FA59" box="[622,735,1399,1423]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.59" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" unit="km" value="35.9">35, 9 km</quantity>
ESE Millersville,
<date id="C01F1027FFE2BA5BFE908BBB0E65FA65" box="[347,515,1435,1459]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" value="2008-05-17">17 May 2008</date>
, S.A. Grubbs,
<specimenCount id="A2A7FD6EFFE2BA5BFD088BBB0E80FA64" box="[707,742,1433,1459]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A2A7FD6EFFE2BA5BFD378BBA0F7BFA64" box="[764,797,1433,1458]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
(WKU); Talladega Co., Smelley Creek, CR 234
<date id="C01F1027FFE2BA5BFCC98B9E0D57FA2F" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" value="2006-05-26">26 May 2006</date>
, A.L. Sheldon,
<specimenCount id="A2A7FD6EFFE2BA5BFE288BC20E63FA2F" box="[483,517,1504,1530]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
,
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(WKU).
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76
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has been recorded from
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east to
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and south to
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(Ricker &amp; Ross 1969;
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). This upland stream species has been collected recently from northwestern
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, representing a new state record.
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,
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, Lauderdale Co., CR 14, Gravelly Springs, ca. 0.5 mi W Natchez Trace Parkway,
<date id="C01F1027FFE2BA5BFEBA8DEC0E72FC32" box="[369,532,972,996]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" value="2010-03-15">15 March 2010</date>
, B.P. Stark,
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<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFF768F080D1EFEE9" bold="true" box="[189,376,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Leuctra sibleyi</emphasis>
Claassen
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is distributed broadly across the eastern Nearctic region (
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). This headwater species was collected recently in northwestern
<collectingRegion id="7665F805FFE2BA5BFE498FB30D88FE7D" box="[386,494,403,427]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Alabama</collectingRegion>
, representing a new state record and a southwestern range extension.
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<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE2BA5BFF768FF90DCAFE27" bold="true" box="[189,428,473,497]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="CCB67677FFE2BA5BFE7D8FFA0E62FE24" box="[438,516,474,498]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="7665F805FFE2BA5BFDD98FFA0E18FE24" box="[530,638,474,498]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Alabama</collectingRegion>
, Colbert Co., tributary to Ross Branch, CR
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SE Waterloo,
<date id="C01F1027FFE2BA5BFCDB8FDE0D57FDEF" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" value="2008-05-04">4 May 2008</date>
, S.A. Grubbs,
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(WKU); Lauderdale Co., Second Creek, CR 126 at CR
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NE Waterloo,
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, S.A. Grubbs,
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(WKU).
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Family
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Ricker &amp; Ross
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<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE4BA5DFDAB8FDD0EC7FDC3" box="[608,673,509,533]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="28">T. lita</emphasis>
Frison
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<taxonomicName id="73A14D64FFE4BA5DFDAB8C010F18FDEE" authority="Ricker &amp; Ross" authorityName="Ricker &amp; Ross" authorityYear="1968" box="[608,894,544,568]" class="Insecta" family="Taeniopterygidae" genus="Taeniopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lonicera">
<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE4BA5DFDAB8C010EB4FDEE" box="[608,722,544,568]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="28">T. lonicera</emphasis>
Ricker &amp; Ross
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<emphasis id="86D5EAF5FFE4BA5DFDAB8C480EB5FDA9" box="[608,723,616,639]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="28">T. metequi</emphasis>
Ricker &amp; Ross
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<taxonomicName id="73A14D64FFE4BA5DFDAB8CAB0F02FD74" authority="Ricker &amp; Ross" authorityName="Ricker &amp; Ross" authorityYear="1968" box="[608,868,651,675]" class="Insecta" family="Taeniopterygidae" genus="Taeniopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugola">
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Ricker &amp; Ross
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<mods:namePart id="3882DEAD5D6F2B7CE7D1EE3B8299F17B">Jung, Se-Hoon</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="49594AC34058FC36AA8B873787788EA0">Daoneco, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="124CD5C7AAE4B1F5899794D1CB7DF52E" pageId="0" pageNumber="113952">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB9158B4A4A5F1B10F22CB5BE04FE6BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="113952">East Canada to Mexico</paragraph>
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<mods:title>New taxa of terrestrial molluscs from Turkey (Gastropoda, Pristilomatidae, Enidae, Hygromiidae, Helicidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Guemues, Burcin Askim</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Burcin Askim Guemues, Gazi University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology (Zoology), Teknik Okullar, Besevler, 06500, Ankara, Tuerkiye</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Neubert, Eike</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, Bernastr. 15, CH- 3005 Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EE5FB4A7-8036-431F-8548-194168D16023" authority="Gümüş &amp; Neubert, 2012" authorityName="Gümüş &amp; Neubert" authorityYear="2012" class="Gastropoda" family="Pristilomatidae" genus="Vitrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vitrea gostelii" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gostelii" status="sp. n.">Vitrea gostelii</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="18">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Vitrea gostelii sp. n., D = 2.25 mm. - All figures scaled x 20, phot H. Baur, NMBE." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/14964" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Type specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
Holotype NMBE 23972. Type locality: Antalya Ili,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaş">Kas</normalizedToken>
, Valley of the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Eşen">Esen</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Çayı">Cayi</normalizedToken>
, Palamut,
<geoCoordinate degrees="36.4088" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="36.4088">36.4088°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.3644" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="29.3644">29.3644°E</geoCoordinate>
, 350 m alt., limestone rocks, 10 km S of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Saklıkent">Saklikent</normalizedToken>
, 06.06.2006.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
A small species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1833" class="Gastropoda" family="Pristilomatidae" genus="Vitrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Vitrea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a spiral sculpture of small threads and faint riblets crossing the spirals.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">The shell colour is pale whitish, with a broadly depressed spire. The protoconch is broadly enlarged and sculptured by fine spiral threads. The whorls of the teleoconch are narrow and increase regularly, suture of medium depth. The last whorl is broadened, non-descending, well rounded. The surface of the teleoconch is sculptured by fine widely spaced riblets. The spiral sculpture of the protoconch continues on the teleoconch whorls and becomes stronger, dissecting the riblets and giving them a fine granulated appearance. On the subsurface, the riblets become faint while the spiral sculpture increases in strength.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">The umbilicus is of medium width and funnel-shaped to cylindriform.</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/14964" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gümüş &amp; Neubert" authorityYear="2012" class="Gastropoda" family="Pristilomatidae" genus="Vitrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gostelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Vitrea gostelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n., D = 2.25 mm. - All figures scaled
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
20, phot H. Baur, NMBE.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="measurements">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Measurements.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Holotype: H = 1.29; D = 2.25; PH = not measured because of damage of shell; PD = 1.05; W = 4.75.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 29. Distribution map. ▲ Vitrea gostelii sp. n. ● Turanena demirsoyi sp. n. and Rhabdoena gostelii sp. n. ■ Euchondrus paucidentatus sp. n. ▼ Metafruticicola kizildagensis sp. n. ► Assyriella thospitis menkhorsti ssp. n." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/14977" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
): Hitherto, only the holotype is known from the type locality in the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaş">Kas</normalizedToken>
area.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">This new species is dedicated to our dear friend, the late Dr. Margret Gosteli from the Natural History Museum Berne, Switzerland. She very much enjoyed our joint visit to Turkey in 2006 and was eager to work about the malacofauna of Turkey.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="remark and differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Remark and differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
The confinement of this undoubtedly new species to a pulmonate family is not easy, because only a single, dead collected shell is available. Although it looks somewhat similar to species from the family
<taxonomicName authorityName="Morse" authorityYear="1864" class="Gastropoda" family="Punctidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Eupulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Punctidae</taxonomicName>
(with
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Draparnaud" baseAuthorityYear="1801" class="Gastropoda" family="Punctidae" genus="Punctum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Eupulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pygmaeum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Punctum pygmaeum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Draparnaud, 1801) known from Turkey), we have decided to place it in
<taxonomicName authorityName="T.Cockerell" authorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Pristilomatidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Pristilomatidae</taxonomicName>
because of the pale color of the shell.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
Under a conchological point of view, a classification within the pristilomatid genus
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Pristilomatidae" genus="Lindbergia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Lindbergia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Riedel, 1959, would also be possible, as the two genera can only be differentiated by the anatomy of their genital organs (
<bibRefCitation author="Riedel, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="10" pageNumber="27" pagination="89 - 117" refId="B18" refString="Riedel, A, 1959. Zonitidae (Gastropoda) zebrane w Grecji przez dra K. Lindberga. Annales Zoologici 18: 89 - 117" title="Zonitidae (Gastropoda) zebrane w Grecji przez dra K. Lindberga." volume="18" year="1959">Riedel 1959</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Oerstan, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="27" refId="B16" refString="Oerstan, A, Yildirim, MZ, 2004. Borlumastus gen. Nov. (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Enidae), a new land snail genus from Turkey. Basteria, Leiden, 68 (4/6): 125-129." title="Borlumastus gen. Nov. (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Enidae), a new land snail genus from Turkey. Basteria, Leiden, 68 (4 / 6): 125 - 129." year="2004">1960</bibRefCitation>
). We here confine this species to the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1833" class="Gastropoda" family="Pristilomatidae" genus="Vitrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Vitrea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Fitzinger, 1833, because of its overall conchological resemblance to other species comprised in this genus. An assignment to
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Oxychilidae" genus="Oxychilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Oxychilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Fitzinger is less probable, as even the smallest species of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Oxychilidae" genus="Oxychilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Oxychilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are clearly larger than the new species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gümüş &amp; Neubert" authorityYear="2012" class="Gastropoda" family="Pristilomatidae" genus="Vitrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gostelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Vitrea gostelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. differs from all
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1833" class="Gastropoda" family="Pristilomatidae" genus="Vitrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Vitrea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species known from Turkey by the presences of riblets and a spiral sculpture. It somewhat resembles
<taxonomicName authorityName="O. Paget" authorityYear="1976" class="Gastropoda" family="Pristilomatidae" genus="Vitrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="riedeliana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Vitrea riedeliana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the spire in
<taxonomicName authorityName="O. Paget" authorityYear="1976" class="Gastropoda" family="Pristilomatidae" genus="Vitrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="riedeliana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Vitrea riedeliana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more elevated.
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Pristilomatidae" genus="Vitrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="riedeli">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Vitrea riedeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a smooth shell with a wider umbilicus with a deeper suture.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">This species was found during our survey in 2006 below a large limestone rock face of probably about 50 m of height. Probably, this species lives subterraneously, and a more targeted search in the accumulated soil of carstic crevices will yield some living specimens, which then will help to corroborate the taxonomic position of this new species.</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<document id="AE19A678D2BFEFFE96DEDA77A36EEEC4" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.291815" ID-ISBN="3-7643-0843-5" ID-Zenodo-Dep="291815" checkinTime="1646762399552" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Hess, Hans Ernst, Landolt, Elias &amp; Hirzel, Rosmarie" docDate="1972" docId="3C09A97308B9C7EA2C86D039AF8DC726" docLanguage="de" docName="36E6AC1FB8BC1FC524F55871EAF4A080" docOrigin="Birkhaeuser Verlag" docSource="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291815" docTitle="Equisetum hiemale L." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="153" masterDocId="36E6AC1FB8BC1FC524F55871EAF4A080" masterDocTitle="Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 1. Pteridophyta bis Caryophyllaceae (2 nd edition): Registerzuband 1" pageNumber="153" updateTime="1690917483640" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:title id="F2227519263CD3EA9836FE8839F3B36D">Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 1. Pteridophyta bis Caryophyllaceae (2 nd edition): Registerzuband 1</mods:title>
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L.
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(
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<emphasis id="3E8A4828D892277B32EA0FCABAF6FF20" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="153">Hippochaete hiemalis</emphasis>
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[
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] C.
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)
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Schachtelhalm
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<paragraph id="221611AFF15B708F9F7939535E071939" pageId="null" pageNumber="153">
Sporentragende und nicht sporentragende Triebe
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, 20-130 cm hoch, bis 0,6 cm dick,
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,
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im
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treibend und den Winter
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, stets ohne Seitentriebe
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(Verzweigungen im Boden),
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, hohl (
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⅔
<emphasis id="C7DAFBCF369251329BD5DBD3A9151EAE" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="153">des gesamten Durchmessers</emphasis>
)
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Blattscheiden bis 0,8 cm lang,
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mit je 1 dunkelbraunen Streifen an der Basis der Scheide und am Grunde der
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, sonst grau (gelegentlich einzelne Scheiden ganz braun),
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mit 10-30
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;
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jedoch
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wenig
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dem Grunde abbrechend
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(bei den andern Arten des Gebiets
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nur bei
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<emphasis id="531985167D6795D99A28801CF8EAD4A5" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="153">E. ramosissimum</emphasis>
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oft abbrechend).
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1-2 cm lang,
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- Sporenreife: Sommer.
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<emphasis id="CC4F5E008D00B3DBF9F221B01AC4F44C" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="153">Zytologische Angaben. 2n</emphasis>
=
<emphasis id="8B95BF6D23E8F2F5B926C8DB94BD2B1C" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="153">216:</emphasis>
Material aus England; Meiose normal (Manton 1950), aus Island und Nordamerika (
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aus Bir 1960).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="12BDCBAB85611B41919AEFAE8213448C" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="153">Standort.</emphasis>
Kollin, montan und subalpin, sehr selten alpin.
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, kalkhaltige, lehmige bis humose
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.
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, Bachufer und Quellhorizonte in
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,
<normalizedToken id="E2155CAD3B43BADE3C20602987448EA2" originalValue="Zwergstrauchgebüsch" pageId="null" pageNumber="153">Zwergstrauchgebuesch</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3AE5E1F5AB243FB36C87F0A8C5F1E37B" pageId="null" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="D29C2805ABA9167F8B27B284E75E0AD0" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="153">Verbreitung. Eurasiatisch-nordamerikanische Pflanze:</emphasis>
Nordgrenze durch Island, Nordskandinavien, Sibirien (62° NB);
<normalizedToken id="EA162605C56DDB73992070B2FFE3F98F" originalValue="Südgrenze" pageId="null" pageNumber="153">Suedgrenze</normalizedToken>
durch
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,
<normalizedToken id="C0EF3CB7BED432B0AA61C88F28A957E2" originalValue="Süditalien" pageId="null" pageNumber="153">Sueditalien</normalizedToken>
, Balkanhalbinsel, Kleinasien, Kaukasus, Pamir, Mongolei, Korea, Japan, Kamtschatka; in Nordamerika zahlreiche Sippen,
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bis Mexiko und Guatemala. Verbreitungskarte von
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(1962) und Hauke (1963). - Im Gebiet verbreitet, ziemlich
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.
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734" ID-GBIF-Dataset="48671e75-dd24-4e6d-8514-b0546ffd3fe3" ID-PMC="PMC4816990" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-60-49" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFC26762742EFFBDFFAD0867FFB3FFBB" ID-PubMed="27081344" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576336" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2003-60-49" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 60" ModsDocTitle="Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen" checkinTime="1455253102424" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Robinson, Harold, Skvarla, John J. &amp; Funk, Vicki A." docDate="2016" docId="3C09BD1786B783359B9715F839CA9ADF" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 60: 49-126" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 60" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734" docTitle="Hilliardiella aristata (DC.) H. Rob. 1999" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFC26762742EFFBDFFAD0867FFB3FFBB" lastPageNumber="77" masterDocId="FFC26762742EFFBDFFAD0867FFB3FFBB" masterDocTitle="Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="77" updateTime="1668141640099" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:namePart>Skvarla, John J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Funk, Vicki A.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName LSID="CE4DB73C-CDDA-574E-8991-CE6922FEB1B4" authority="(DC.) H. Rob., 1999" authorityName="(DC.) H. Rob." authorityYear="1999" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hilliardiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hilliardiella aristata" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata">Hilliardiella aristata (DC.) H. Rob., 1999</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Webbia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Webbia aristata" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata">Webbia aristata</taxonomicName>
DC., Prodr. 5: 73. 1836.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia natalensis" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="natalensis">Vernonia natalensis</taxonomicName>
Sch. Bip. ex Walp., Rep. 2: 947. 1843.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hilliardiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hilliardiella aristata" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata">Hilliardiella aristata</taxonomicName>
(DC.) H. Rob., Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 112(1): 230. 1999.
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="77">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="77">Lesotho, South Africa (Transvaal, Orange Free State, Natal, Cape colony), and Swaziland.</paragraph>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-4-8151</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C09BE2434A9D8E60CE0230ABF606FC8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C09BE2434A9D8E60CE0230ABF606FC8" lastPageNumber="8151" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">
<taxonomicName authority="Foerster, 1863" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1863" genus="Ichneumonoidea" lsidName="Ichneumonoidea (Ancylocentrus)" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ancylocentrus">
Ancylocentrus
<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1863
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">
species of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Centistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Centistes (Ancylocentrus)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ancylocentrus">Centistes (Ancylocentrus)</taxonomicName>
excluded from the British and Irish list:
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">
[subsulcatus (Thomson, 1895,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Leiophron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leiophron" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leiophron</taxonomicName>
)] Not included in
<bibRefCitation author="Huddleston, T." editor="Fitton, M. G." journalOrPublisher="Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 11: ix + 159 pp." pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" title="Kloet and Hincks. A check list of British insects. Part 4: Hymenoptera" year="1978">Huddleston (1978)</bibRefCitation>
but listed as British in Taxapad (
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">Yu et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
) as it was recorded by
<bibRefCitation author="Kerrich, G. J." journalOrPublisher="Cambridge" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" title="Natural History of Wicken Fen" year="1932">Kerrich (1932)</bibRefCitation>
, as a tentative identification (by Roman), which has not been corroborated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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