178 lines
18 KiB
XML
178 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="177625" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cd804f16-5a8c-40b0-aece-6d0d4c76b04f" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2193-0074-1-187" ID-Pensoft-UUID="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" ID-ZooBank="6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1" ModsDocID="2193-0074-25-1-187" checkinTime="1667366246929" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Spasojevic, Tamara, Broad, Gavin R. & Klopfstein, Seraina" docDate="2022" docId="B8CD347FBB7C5F65BF3A26500EFEC4CE" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilRecord 25(1): 187-212" docOrigin="Fossil Record 25 (1)" docPubDate="2022-06-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034" docTitle="Armadilleon petrorum Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein 2022, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" lastPageNumber="187" masterDocId="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" masterDocTitle="Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology" masterLastPageNumber="212" masterPageNumber="187" pageNumber="187" updateTime="1732686638273" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="08AD491489CE7D4E32AAA07BE119687D">
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<mods:title id="2C2F1A31737FE1A16D0044A61EDF898A">Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E0F7F6A08B14503728C37601D39471D5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2B59F00DC61A47D3FB7AA7AF59076A23">Spasojevic, Tamara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="955B4FB0E462F739B78305A689CB5D19" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="AE5E08C8F0BC4D0B9E83C2186ADD9D3D">Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="1FF8C0AC8198FD57083AF7B74B25F0C1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9FC5CEC2FD7ADF1460223602E4602C23">Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="02D335499A088A862ABDEC3FE3847903" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="76E833BABDDFAE88C4C6B1C1C34E64A1">Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A90676C69D0830F744CC872315AA0DC1">Klopfstein, Seraina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9BCFB031100890C3E1C4867BC639D676" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="478009D38F4B1A1FA48D5D714553490E">Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="74173F9070A2CE592E8EF33EBA6E6B17" type="email">seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="5BE9B23B7138EE0FF7366A28D20F0413">Fossil Record</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9E9CE7DBA67C242D050BDDE23B413A2A">
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<mods:date id="2A2BFFDAF5039B80122970F7D1605204">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="489A1B734A8C048C29858AAAF93F3AB4">2022-06-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BB2DE6B2E56B7D67672CD693E7DC9E87">25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="18E6DA142D813BA221E6967F2C115EED" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="F9D11C5252EA63063C39F4991A66E85E">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="38B3F53ED73E63FA10396B4303789005">187</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="6E1B89C1C1198E12AC285C999FC3BF87">212</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="2EA2BC9DD192D7C7C4729A56871ECE62">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="1E0002AB831ADACA5A96801173F5FE41">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="91BC4C48A447A776D644FD816E5BF3B6" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="46CDC29BF87D107584D622C006E47D3B" type="Pensoft-Pub">2193-0074-1-187</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B8CD347FBB7C5F65BF3A26500EFEC4CE" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203870875" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B8CD347FBB7C5F65BF3A26500EFEC4CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B8CD347FBB7C5F65BF3A26500EFEC4CE" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" scope_family="Ichneumonidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_subFamily="Acaenitinae">
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<subSubSection id="2B29E1C023E12BA8313D787812AA1383" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="357E41FD550553FAFFB8E2CDD340581C" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName id="6E8E168DD8B84450153EF508D359A385" LSID="B8CD347F-BB7C-5F65-BF3A-26500EFEC4CE" authority="(Brues, 1910)" authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brues" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Armadilleon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armadilleon petrorum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petrorum" status="comb. nov.">Armadilleon petrorum (Brues, 1910)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="E512537A97C7B243F34815733750FDC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="356557AA2258C7372BF689A14677A24D" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
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<paragraph id="085D98942804E49CF455102BC2843180" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<figureCitation id="1DA0E019089151285AFEFAEE13019309" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Armadilleon petrorum (Brues, 1910) comb. nov. A. Photograph of the holotype obtained from the MCZ; B. Our interpretative drawing of the fossil. Thicker black lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations. Grey lines and circles show conspicuous sculpture of the cuticle." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83034.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/693069" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2DCA4E678C66BA86D429229623F42408" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="AD4911DDAE31AE6A7EA82AAB184EDC0F" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName id="11898B153372E8513271BE991A079CB8" authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Polysphincta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polysphincta petrorum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petrorum" status="comb. nov.">* Polysphincta petrorum</taxonomicName>
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Brues, 1910
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9D8F7C7815DB675F11122C42D52C2738" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="62414AD2F9FE1CBE2327878D7D08DDB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="38B79A445977F6D0F36F016D86C68F47" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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Photographs of the
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<typeStatus id="FDD9978BD5AE2BC2FAB55B9EE3C82124">holotype</typeStatus>
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(part, #PALE-2136) obtained from the MCZ.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9D576D5BD1BA829C731AF52129B953EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="stratum">
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<paragraph id="585559981F039A7047F695E17F78D1FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Stratum.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="28A285CB74E21FE1AF19B0F5DF648001" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Teller County, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 Ma.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BD8230D02300A1AEE2CA06B466704C13" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7101199E9DBC89810915F80C5AF1CA9F" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6DF594CF948732C62CC4AD47926FE74A" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis id="EC47B70B5A20790C86A0EA29FDC3D42B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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Female.
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<emphasis id="F6A2BF058516E1B969477A9E05FE9C92" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Holotype</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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in lateral view with nearly complete antennae, partial head, mesosoma detailing sculpture, both fore and hind wings, at least parts of all legs, and metasoma with ovipositor with sheaths. Body length 9.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BCDAD4EA5922820175E3829872DE5214" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Mostly black, antennae and wing venation dark brown, T2 and following with broad, reddish apical bands, legs orange to dark brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CE9848723C5427515C9C02D729CE43A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis id="BA19B206351E15C34F9893A932B90FEB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Head</emphasis>
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very short, eyes of normal dimensions.
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<emphasis id="967CF8F19B28A31E4F10D9E1D6ABB157" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Antennae</emphasis>
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6.6 mm, with at least 24 (probably about 32) flagellomeres, basal segments elongate, apical segments transverse.
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<emphasis id="1C832D3970E3DE5A492F7BDF6D0811D8" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Mesosoma</emphasis>
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with strong sculpture; pronotum with epomia strong and with numerous longitudinal wrinkles especially along hind margin which continue on mesopleuron; epicnemial carina complete to about mid-height of pronotum; sternaulus long and strong, with transverse carinulae; sculpture of mesopleuron dominated by longitudinal carinulae on much of its surface. Metanotum rather short and high, with some carinulae visible on lower part. Propodeum with pleural carina, indications of lateral and lateromedian longitudinal carinae, anterior transverse and at least lateral portions of posterior transverse carinae, with rugulo-punctate sculpture between the carinae.
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<emphasis id="BB64272559BB7EEA8B788BF03ED55F62" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Wings</emphasis>
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evenly and densely hairy; fore wing 5.8 mm, with pentagonal areolet; 2m-cu probably with a single bulla; 1cu-a meeting M + Cu opposite of 1M; cell 2R1 3.0
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<normalizedToken id="E3B1855EC0E953A4DF6E6A9B8C1B6461" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide. Hind wing with 1Rs longer than rs-m and 1Cu longer than Cu-a; M + Cu probably strongly curved in apical half.
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<emphasis id="DC7D22D43C7FFFABCC166064B8294CC6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Legs</emphasis>
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somewhat hard to tease apart, but of rather average dimensions; hind femur 4.5
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<normalizedToken id="0ED6278AA7F7E567ADA81B6E80F29B36" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide.
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<emphasis id="BA8A27DFAA622EB973F0D785642EF8F6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName id="B3A1CE63486499D5CBB5DC512DC76819" genus="Metasom" lsidName="Metasom" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4C46E8C4B048B0C2F6C543E792533776" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Metasom</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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a
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</emphasis>
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seems somewhat compressed towards apex; T1 clearly elongate and petiolate, with strong lateral and dorsolateral carinae, remaining tergites transverse; sternites rather strongly sclerotized; hypopygium short and inconspicuous. Ovipositor 2.2 mm, 0.4
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<normalizedToken id="868710805114710CA187D7AE4C0EE339" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as metasoma, straight and parallel-sided, its ventral valve with indications of oblique ridges close to apex, without dorsal subapical notch.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="627094B00F7C53C4D7CD42F18DFADCEF" doi="10.3897/fr.25.83034.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/693069" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
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<paragraph id="4EF0A68A9C182460D4FDC0E055DCAB74" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis id="6F3DC77CDCD253F0D85B4383D0461526" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Figure 10.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="6B334ACFAA37206EF1845390F86114B8" authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brues" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Armadilleon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armadilleon petrorum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petrorum">
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<emphasis id="FED03E9ED1E51D719E9617E90B0C768E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Armadilleon petrorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Brues, 1910) comb. nov.
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<emphasis id="D92425CF76FB3A4AF13914C964EE68BD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A.</emphasis>
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Photograph of the holotype obtained from the MCZ;
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<emphasis id="7620AEBB4850CD62B67F91372D9717F3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">B.</emphasis>
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Our interpretative drawing of the fossil. Thicker black lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations. Grey lines and circles show conspicuous sculpture of the cuticle.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E6B642B17E6D191769BE8025B9AD14E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="interpretation">
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<paragraph id="150137BCAC7920AFFEAA5DCDAF188E77" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Interpretation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F3E245815597598441BC6AB24C7C04C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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The conspicuous sculpture visible on the propleuron, mesoscutum, mesopleuron and propodeum, together with the subfamily characteristics (strong sternaulus, petiolate T1 and pentagonal areolet), firmly place this species in the new genus
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<taxonomicName id="D41A649160A05075D17E3A82869CA625" authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Armadilleon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armadilleon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3845B1ED07157FEBAFAB8D5625B52782" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Armadilleon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Additional similar features between the current and the type species of the genus,
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<taxonomicName id="FA80A9BDD2399C203D3B3618595183CF" lsidName="A. morticinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="morticinus">
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<emphasis id="97F764F59CADC24AD74F05CB6BB7B6A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. morticinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, include the short head, carination of propodeum, and ovipositor length and shape. The two species differ by the shape of the antennae, which are much stouter in
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<taxonomicName id="5598EE67C74F1FB78A8D4A1EAC5FEF22" lsidName="A. morticinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="morticinus">
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<emphasis id="A2BB9F4BEA06745D1D841607C4661168" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. morticinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the different colouration of the metasomal tergites, and fore wing vein 1cu-a meeting M + Cu somewhat distally of 1M in the type species and opposite of 1M in
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<taxonomicName id="32C5453725AFD144C5D8FB433A395684" lsidName="A. petrorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="petrorum">
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<emphasis id="8E409A71E7DED2189FC68AA945DBDE97" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. petrorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0AA37B096386CF5FA5C81AD16BB202E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis id="7D4BA7AFD758946D18E0BE6A4A9BEF90" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName id="B23AA7F20B37B0FEB9B7C411B0A97FC2" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pimplinae">Pimplinae</taxonomicName>
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Wesmael, 1845
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A86015575D0725A4F0F75B086596B7D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis id="0509E7B412CF6329E2A8C849EFA74B55" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName id="0274085F0CF903B4790123B62543394B" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1986" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lithoserix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithoserix" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4690C659E4EFD4D790DB31AA7630D90D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Lithoserix</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Brown, 1986
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |