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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="3372" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0a9353f0-1f24-45f0-8ddc-bd941470a567" ID-PMC="PMC8626413" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1072-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="DDB04884FF7C52BD9D1814C0EA84E496" ID-PubMed="34899006" ID-ZooBank="9F578799E05F44118E2D378E3C17F3E3" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1072-1" checkinTime="1637381493323" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Li, Ya, Li, Shuqiang &amp; Lin, Yucheng" docDate="2021" docId="F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1072: 1-47" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1072" docPubDate="2021-11-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935" docTitle="Patu xiaoxiao Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin 2009" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="DDB04884FF7C52BD9D1814C0EA84E496" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="DDB04884FF7C52BD9D1814C0EA84E496" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic study on fourteen symphytognathid species from Asia (Araneae, Symphytognathidae)" masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732688595824" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="7B8C059369042B99C043BE80C6EB0752" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="0F1EF9A4BF046FC56AADC5946789839A">
<mods:title id="27983BDC351FB51CA43A834F9439762C">Taxonomic study on fourteen symphytognathid species from Asia (Araneae, Symphytognathidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="2284821C9D2E0BF8EDA79FC6846DD1BC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="58DE783EF5EA9441B4896898C0B731C4">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EC500984E853730477D23809E14E7023">Li, Ya</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BD0633E873E9DE7A3A03F4A5EEEF2265" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1097-6192</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="2412EE21C36111DB14DE0BB450B35D13">Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="39FE4D3951B7C3E46E635600267B5AC7">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="26E746DDDEDD663A66F0458B8E892B35" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3290-5416</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4D4CF1A45C1F55FB816EB0BB33C912B4">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D7CDB0B1AF1360055DB3FA08A9E06AA6" type="email">lisq@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3F8792A3B3F93793794AD3D4AC6E5F07" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7C38F15A7E3D52918802026A8896F707">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="611D92110D1CCCBA0956C7C7D6C4BCEB">Lin, Yucheng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F6D8B85948C091DDC7AA3E88431788BB" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-0633</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="48CF70F71D21AD18033F1D16CC3C2033">Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China &amp; The Sichuan Key Laboratory for Conservation Biology of Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7B1D0710A09B8ECE9D02C82BE74D8B26" type="email">linyucheng@scu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="4BE4EEAB2BEAFF4018077F1C4714333F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D87E229294B1DC7F039C30C0BB065F31">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="CE57C1D48A36F9B3AF4C951A3B0CCB8E">
<mods:date id="9842A5DB0D9F1FE384E6B0D8C3131DAF">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="58D7C4D9E57927374BFD5A150D2AB634">2021-11-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1E21F30A69AF4C55E5293F81291643B2">1072</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="21260B16F1D384C734138C25B373C6B4">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="B515A55028943326266590F8F8063FF1">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="0232C7814284603943EB943BCF8BBC44" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D02C48529A00B32ADC12174E7A7BB828" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1072-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D6CDC14DAA58A274777A6D6B1CC39593" type="ZooBank">9F578799E05F44118E2D378E3C17F3E3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="87B59199A8D153F6DC77B0FCB45BFB86" type="Pensoft-UUID">DDB04884FF7C52BD9D1814C0EA84E496</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190343154" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Symphytognathidae" scope_order="Araneae">
<subSubSection id="FB55631BD6663B376DD12CB8A4AA5AD2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="85F74ED0A022B6896CEF7275A25E95E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="9D7A84DC3DF87DA6F9753ACC83776769" ID-CoL="765S4" LSID="F957E33C-8191-5C62-BE12-5B46F8574DB2" authority="Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin, 2009" authorityName="Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2009" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Patu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patu xiaoxiao" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">Patu xiaoxiao Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin, 2009</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4D9DBDB724982E7DA7D0CF704D1CA037" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="32F9432FC509434A3E5F6BA98651C2F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="FF15ECF29C31233EAA26D8BDDE349E1C" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Patu xiaoxiao A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Abbreviation: TS = male clasping spines on tibia II. Scale bars: 0.50 (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 13</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C4300707C03586AF90C0AFD5773E4F07" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 14</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="3CAA6EE12AC1702EC00C290540FA6470" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Distribution records of fourteen species of genera Patu, Kirinua gen. nov. and Swilda gen. nov. in Asia 1 P. catba sp. nov. 2 P. dakou sp. nov. 3 P. damtao sp. nov. 4 P. jiangzhou sp. nov. 5 P. jidanweishi 6 P. nagarat sp. nov. 7 P. nigeri 8 P. putao sp. nov. 9 P. qiqi 10 P. xiaoxiao 11 K. maguai sp. nov. 12 K. yangshuo sp. nov. 13 S. longtou 14 S. spinathoraxi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612465" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 23</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2D8CAB95A8AF3A00E87BDED85C5410B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="BC2A237197120534F52A0FDBC902E7EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="9F6CD86A054603AB44B8272AEEA9F30A" authorityName="Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2009" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Patu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patu xiaoxiao" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">Patu xiaoxiao</taxonomicName>
Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin, 2009: 67, fig. 67G and H (♀).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="65A824BFCE6EED20897F7663CEBD5686" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="EA9FEBF61DBE0F1408BEF87F4DA804DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67AEAE1C1B67A72742587414012A4699" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E3538A7701BDCF9C696AFC090D0C8823" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
♀ (CASENT 9022329, HNU) and
<emphasis id="FAF4E67585A3039F7A24A80B4EA61D1F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">paratypes</emphasis>
1♀ (CASENT 9029325, HNU)
<emphasis id="241495966F02D74D4D6AD4AC3370D096" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">China</emphasis>
: Yunnan Province, Lushui County, Pianma Township, Changyanhe River, 9.3 km of ESE Pianma, mixed broadleaf deciduous and evergreen forest, Winkler extraction of sifted leaf litter (
<geoCoordinate id="7EB5DBF077745E318C4E967D455595B9" degrees="25.99363" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="25.99363">25.99363°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FFD91E2DC3C08D9540F6D79B98B2652D" degrees="98.66651" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.66651">98.66651°E</geoCoordinate>
; 2470 m alt.), 12.V.2005, C. Griswold leg.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6D6376ED98193D087550C45CDF2405EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="61F53FA2E29A42C4BB65C7439C0B3988" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC01B56E7B52943CD8C124E47A90AE6B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="C58CE10E8C61D1E5C5920729CD25F977" collectingDate="2018-08-10" collectorName="Y. Lin" country="China" county="Lushui County" elevation="2470" latitude="25.99363" location="Changyanhe River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.66651" municipality="Pianma Township" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan Province">
<specimenCount id="5709A72E0363378A3774E3F67237862D" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="93D00E6047C7FD16E3CB3C62DC181ED4" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(NHMSU-HA123)
<emphasis id="512ED1B80D1D9F7F0E3762E814ADBEDE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry id="1BD3F1D5EC9C76562FABA04E6A0933DB" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion id="995F4858A946C21502752C15111346E8" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="D0482757A202FAD6D8FB682E3BE5D3A1">Lushui County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="F3380A64EDAAE806F72CABB7736568FF">Pianma Township</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B8097AF73B2A8A60706B02545B957E76" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2:B8097AF73B2A8A60706B02545B957E76" country="China" county="Lushui County" latitude="25.99363" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.66651" municipality="Pianma Township" name="Changyanhe River" stateProvince="Yunnan Province">Changyanhe River</location>
,
<quantity id="F39AA6C10D7A26C33F8233559E077F9E" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" unit="km" value="9.3">9.3 km</quantity>
of ESE
<location id="B34D1874310FA2728FF9CE6B7C5DB594" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2:B34D1874310FA2728FF9CE6B7C5DB594" country="China" county="Lushui County" latitude="25.99363" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.66651" municipality="Pianma Township" name="Pianma" stateProvince="Yunnan Province">Pianma</location>
, mixed broadleaf deciduous and evergreen forest, in leaf litter (
<geoCoordinate id="3416BDE31339CBC2AC87B4FFBD2CFAD6" degrees="25.99363" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="25.99363">25.99363°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B2E3725131CA874B1AC30F432B56A798" degrees="98.66651" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.66651">98.66651°E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="54D8052C02FEBB4EE1CCB4474D1D9B58" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" unit="m" value="2470.0">
<elevation id="D156B824AB4F087A8EFECD513E4C6EC2" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" unit="m" value="2470.0">2470 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.),
<collectingDate id="6D084DEA83CE304A7EAD004700C87D61" value="2018-08-10">10.VIII.2018</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="F63D649F3FD07DA52DF03F8B2CE6BDF7">Y. Lin</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.;
<specimenCount id="A15812800954561B625F7FE34B8878CB" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(NHMSU-HA123) and
<materialsCitation id="954430C2C04B019123E4401EFC58CDF4" accessionNumber="MW970245 and MW970244" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Y. Lin" country="China" county="Lushui County" elevation="2470" latitude="25.99363" location="GenBank" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.66651" municipality="Pianma Township" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<specimenCount id="CCB230F4FEBFD75FC61C68C38F26214C" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(NHMSU-HA123) used for sequencing,
<location id="1461FF2153230EE3420DC9DD27EC0ED0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2:1461FF2153230EE3420DC9DD27EC0ED0" country="China" county="Lushui County" latitude="25.99363" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.66651" name="GenBank" stateProvince="Yunnan">GenBank</location>
:
<accessionNumber id="C91E904D7627A29DFA3D0DAE524B0325" isEnumeration="true">MW970245 and MW970244</accessionNumber>
, same data as preceding
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="B8936FCBFA125C10F8E38E8C7BF8A99C" collectingDate="2018-08-19" collectorName="Y. Lin" country="China" county="Fugong County" elevation="2193" latitude="27.15546" location="Shiyueliang" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.80573" municipality="Shiyueliang Town" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount id="A40F1514AD63A3B269FE1E0A48B5C012" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
(NHMSU-HA124),
<collectingCounty id="4186B52D13B31C9650FF82215B9C0270">Fugong County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="03E72C20FDA9CF15C2BB6A455158A6BA">Shiyueliang Town</collectingMunicipality>
, along the road from
<location id="02DF753EDF768AA92A8ED588C8DA225F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2:02DF753EDF768AA92A8ED588C8DA225F" country="China" county="Fugong County" latitude="27.15546" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.80573" municipality="Shiyueliang Town" name="Shiyueliang">Shiyueliang</location>
to
<location id="4610295031B5D09DDCDF50C5E323EA9E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2:4610295031B5D09DDCDF50C5E323EA9E" country="China" county="Fugong County" latitude="27.15546" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.80573" municipality="Shiyueliang Town" name="Shibali Village">Shibali Village</location>
, primary forest (
<geoCoordinate id="550D22623865D6EDA4BC82A680395397" degrees="27.15546" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.15546">27.15546°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1046381F2CFC35A4F41E81D4FEA790E0" degrees="98.80573" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.80573">98.80573°E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="CDC1AC9A20E087117DE2891A618ED47F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.193" unit="m" value="2193.0">
<elevation id="6B49CD9B8696389559347C30D181A46F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.193" unit="m" value="2193.0">2193 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.),
<collectingDate id="E808F88EDC0D4BB1B1BBDA2680871685" value="2018-08-19">19.VIII.2018</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="067E2B1E584803603D3855D3E94D3D05">Y. Lin</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="09AD8C3E43B3A256775C13F03916B8DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="06DABC924CB4AA6CA46209AB0BC42F61" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0FED58A6525671612F4E9E991C2A5BED" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The male of
<taxonomicName id="E47B23A111581B14F0964198E9A1D4C8" lsidName="P. xiaoxiao" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">
<emphasis id="5AAA6F2B19A33DAF2C231724D73C6036" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. xiaoxiao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other congeners, with the exception of
<taxonomicName id="566050291E3073A7BB108968666C8B67" lsidName="P. woodwardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="woodwardi">
<emphasis id="A3B21579E60813D43C1909F4BCA381F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. woodwardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by the stout bulb lacking a conductor or median apophysis and having a finger-like tegular process (Fig.
<figureCitation id="156FFC48DCC9932E5319A871432484A8" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14A</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="5EA5E9F70A7EB81DE9A0EAEAE60D8E29" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</figureCitation>
). It differs from
<taxonomicName id="6ECDBFA7146BC3EEABE5D68E6484326B" lsidName="P. woodwardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="woodwardi">
<emphasis id="EDBC3872AB7BE3C858D330DD02F2FC39" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. woodwardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having the entire embolus completely embedded in the bulb (cf. Fig.
<figureCitation id="26F4EFE8BF583C0EC3BFD803DB6A273D" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14A</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="AAF9D12DA20EA91D3705D9FDFE6585FB" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</figureCitation>
and fig. 120 in
<bibRefCitation id="EA9AB5A565946C6270A91F56392AD935" author="Forster, RR" journalOrPublisher="Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="269 - 329" refId="B1" refString="Forster, RR, 1959. The spiders of the family Symphytognathidae. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 86: 269 - 329" title="The spiders of the family Symphytognathidae." volume="86" year="1959">Forster 1959</bibRefCitation>
). Females of
<taxonomicName id="A3DFD6DCCCD8769C1F9F2797A4CAE820" lsidName="P. xiaoxiao" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">
<emphasis id="C9A2FE599A7C1551877B2174C8EF5874" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. xiaoxiao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from those of other congeners by having a wide, triangular parmula, dumb-bell-shaped spermathecae separated by ~ 1.5
<normalizedToken id="9C6285871EC8217050774D6858F19392" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their width and arranged longitudinally in parallel, the copulatory ducts coiling into a loop and connecting to the postero-lateral corner of the spermathecae, the fertilisation ducts begin latero-medially on the spermathecae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4C61DE6A4E64630ADB44D98BD74163E0" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14C-E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BF1998AA01A0E46545298689902EB3E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="new morphological data">
<paragraph id="FC03512103C2366A3348F657CAF89183" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">New morphological data.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="07795446E50C8D894B51CEAA19FCF9C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="6A123AF0C45407F064E244E67EED85C7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male</emphasis>
(NHMSU-HA123). Total length 0.56. Carapace 0.28 long, 0.28 wide, 0.28 high. Clypeus 0.12 high. Sternum 0.20 long, 0.20 wide. Abdomen 0.36 long, 0.36 wide, 0.44 high. Length of legs: I 0.80 (0.20, 0.10, 0.20, 0.12, 0.18); II 0.72 (0.20, 0.10, 0.14, 0.12, 0.16); III 0.58 (0.14, 0.08, 0.14, 0.10, 0.12); IV 0.66 (0.18, 0.10, 0.14, 0.12, 0.12).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7FB0101352FBC934E1ED0282FD2038DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="132A7EC3CAE66DFEADA2491771CC50CD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Somatic characters</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="1EEE689A1D6F4667BC3C5DD51867881A" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Patu xiaoxiao A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Abbreviation: TS = male clasping spines on tibia II. Scale bars: 0.50 (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13A-C</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="91006DE3B2AD30EA104CC165F59C185A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colouration</emphasis>
: carapace light brown, thoracic centre and margin with darker patches. Mouthparts nut brown, endites and labium black. Sternum black, with a few light, small dots. Leg colour light yellow gradually grading to very dark brown, tibia darkest brown. Abdomen dorsally light grey, laterally dark greyish, ventrally and posteriorly charcoal black.
<emphasis id="4E61A0A222492876928925F83E53D375" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosoma</emphasis>
: carapace as long as wide, nearly round. Cephalic part vertical anteriorly and sloped posteriorly. Eyes, subequal in size. PER slightly recurved, ALE protruded. Chelicerae anterior surface flat. Labium semi-circular, wider than long. Sternum smooth, slightly plump.
<emphasis id="7254A1677C8FA5BA7FF54B448E7965B5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs</emphasis>
: each patella with 1 disto-dorsal seta, 1 proximal and 1 disto-dorsal seta on each tibia. Tibia II with 2 ventral clasping spines.
<emphasis id="135BA703900E6E85D39235480ACA6F49" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Opisthosoma</emphasis>
: dorsally globose, laterally ovoid, clothed with black, long setae, cuticle rough with dots of varying shades and sizes. Spinnerets dark brown.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8040116A344AC931A978C550E53E69D0" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
<paragraph id="03DBDB667E648F2B28A86852FDE066AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="C8ACEB9D544E87D5D3FD446594DBD111" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8AC5DE2B0B7D9A360674382A5E13AE8C" authorityName="Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2009" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Patu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patu xiaoxiao" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">
<emphasis id="37D49CA13F270FA9C9DE26DE7890E5B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Patu xiaoxiao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0FE5CBC32DA1D2D2A8AAB2883FF49587" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
male habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="2F675DF99C97F82D6A82296E74E903F3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
male habitus, ventral
<emphasis id="BB164316DE01514D97F1DBA0395B8E57" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
male habitus, lateral
<emphasis id="E7A99D3117F234D259A6A62B49B2E73F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
female habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="90FB81617D9A57E23F7F280E8C4283F7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
female habitus, ventral
<emphasis id="9A000BA9AF78BBEA6202D405BA85268D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
female habitus, lateral. Abbreviation: TS = male clasping spines on tibia II. Scale bars: 0.50 (
<emphasis id="0C9BD9C7175A9BEBE26333F159F84426" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D4B9DA49587D36DB964BF42D4D81D853" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
<paragraph id="C94149C3A502F2B857396E6BA4A7CDB3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="1876F442D77B13F23606784CA10241E7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F68C12EFE50EECA9249CC01ACCF663CD" authorityName="Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2009" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Patu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patu xiaoxiao" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">
<emphasis id="B84E3622E3423CD01393FB885EC0B5AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Patu xiaoxiao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="F52B58C40DB59D85C88C2318C4CEF12F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
male palp, prolateral
<emphasis id="C36EFC33E913422E362E1ECF4351BF8E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
male palp, retrolateral
<emphasis id="00B7D8DA32D3D21C112E690D396843F5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="667907C7DAAD2D5F71A37833701E9818" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
vulva, ventral
<emphasis id="80B2775D4FB211299C62B8581136A6AA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (
<emphasis id="C73790183F748ECAD1490E8A7A02DEB1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-E</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="57B9A5D8233DEDBA0AB5221C97EDDB6B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="DFF81C118BA6F7B073C81E04321DC472" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="51EA1955A008599D53A18474F01C26ED" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14A</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="1CEEB47D2823DABF99586951D104CB3F" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</figureCitation>
): size ~
<normalizedToken id="65ECA6BDBDCC7C008E07CCAB4B3A5202" originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
of carapace. Femur swollen, wider than patella, patella as long as ~
<normalizedToken id="AB57B5DE8ABCA6BDAEC0AE45E25F1522" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
length of tibia. Tibia flat and lamellar. Tegulum smooth, with finger-like apical process. Embolus long, starting at retrolatero-medial part of tegulum, coiled into 2 loops inside bulb. Tip of embolus hidden within tegulum, not extended from top of bulb.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CBBF50327575E77B364AD35E9E206D28" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="CD718C9E8764D5155AEC9DBE93BEAAF3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female.</emphasis>
Total length 0.56. Carapace 0.28 long, 0.28 wide, 0.24 high. Clypeus 0.08 high. Sternum 0.20 long, 0.20 wide. Abdomen 0.36 long, 0.32 wide, 0.40 high. Length of legs: I 0.70 (0.20, 0.06, 0.16, 0.14, 0.14); II 0.62 (0.14, 0.08, 0.14, 0.12, 0.14); III 0.52 (0.12, 0.06, 0.12, 0.08, 0.14); IV 0.60 (0.12, 0.08, 0.16, 0.10, 0.14).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA7B70E0092EA218D3A83C96CDADD347" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="0F80FE6BFFFF8AFD09642719222F4291" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Somatic characters</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="A563B71C42F4552216F026711E9739EF" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Patu xiaoxiao A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Abbreviation: TS = male clasping spines on tibia II. Scale bars: 0.50 (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13D-F</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="865DD7A287A0BC39BD258ABAC743F465" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colouration</emphasis>
: as in male, except lighter mouthparts and sternum.
<emphasis id="0106CDB1BE10A02BA887F6EF95960AAF" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosoma</emphasis>
: carapace longer than wide, pear-shaped. Eye arrangement as in male. PER straight. Cephalic part lower than in male.
<emphasis id="78604006D11B6DD85489EF059ECD8025" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs</emphasis>
: spination as in male, except for lack of clasping spines on tibia II.
<emphasis id="2C065E2359AF1DD5C272445BF4732DA3" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Opisthosoma</emphasis>
: subovoid in dorsal view, cuticle. Spinnerets dark grey.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CEB94E930B48CB2F7355C999DB5A121C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="DC9A511348302A0EDD64060236A1E19E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="0D24F882AEA582168483B2C0B17B5173" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14C-E</figureCitation>
): faintly sclerotised, internal structures nearly invisible via the cuticle. Parmula triangular, length equal to ca.
<normalizedToken id="32AA82F8091FB502AFC19202822BA7B7" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
width, slightly protruded. Spermathecae nearly dumb-bell-shaped, longitudinally parallel, separated by ~ 1.5
<normalizedToken id="91E340E96734C1EE9667E066B4B5CF8C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their width. Copulatory openings large. Copulatory ducts translucent, their width equal to ca. 2.5
<normalizedToken id="84C92ADDD3B347ACF2437B189F6246F9" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width of fertilisation ducts and folded at middle, distal part connected with postero-lateral part of spermathecae. Fertilisation duct shorter than a spermatheca length, narrow, originates from the lateral central position of spermathecae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2C3B2B3E208C3C87DF9BA6548E8A891B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F8353E4EF7625C8808C3794A0929DF85" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4AA5CCCE57A05AC62F67246A86B201" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
China (Yunnan) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F7BE54DD472517CF00680ABA55918860" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Distribution records of fourteen species of genera Patu, Kirinua gen. nov. and Swilda gen. nov. in Asia 1 P. catba sp. nov. 2 P. dakou sp. nov. 3 P. damtao sp. nov. 4 P. jiangzhou sp. nov. 5 P. jidanweishi 6 P. nagarat sp. nov. 7 P. nigeri 8 P. putao sp. nov. 9 P. qiqi 10 P. xiaoxiao 11 K. maguai sp. nov. 12 K. yangshuo sp. nov. 13 S. longtou 14 S. spinathoraxi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612465" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="784AB30268122BA82E62F76CCF8B55E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="35B87829A8683F72B885D887930AA718" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09DB1FB0026A2C9CBD1A6E902399FBF2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="54E482BA209CFB3C57CDB3F1D1123F33" authorityName="Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2009" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Patu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patu xiaoxiao" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">
<emphasis id="AE7ACB9F72234095CAC33F7AEC756CAC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Patu xiaoxiao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described, based on three females. Based on supplementary materials from the type locality collected in 2018, the male is described for the first time here.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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