141 lines
20 KiB
XML
141 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="9C6A7F6E25AF35CEBE36F241C38B1D20" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3841.2.6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4928388" ID-ZooBank="750B7776-4BFD-4EF2-AE1A-2671658A0985" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1623433716760" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Haszprunar, Gerhard & Spies, Martin" docDate="2014" docId="03EB878010250D09FF46FBF4BAD9F91A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03841p284.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3841 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Acanthaster echinites" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="273" masterDocId="FFD2FFF810270D0BFFD1FFE8BA11FFFA" masterDocTitle="An integrative approach to the taxonomy of the crown-of-thorns starfish species group (Asteroidea: Acanthaster): A review of names and comparison to recent molecular data" masterLastPageNumber="284" masterPageNumber="271" pageNumber="273" updateTime="1731352624980" updateUser="jonas" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="EB39F18EBCD9390B55DC78FE2E704495">An integrative approach to the taxonomy of the crown-of-thorns starfish species group (Asteroidea: Acanthaster): A review of names and comparison to recent molecular data</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0B4BF322F153E9120A6E3B99A99EF77D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="72F4CEC7B2926507D3F06928EFEA57B7">Haszprunar, Gerhard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9444CB1C03C34FE714D2E3BEC420466F">SNSB - Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstr. 21, D- 81247 München, Germany. E-mail: haszprunar @ snsb. de Dept. Biology II and GeoBio-Center of LMU Munich, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CF2810793D28A98A769BF9DFAA47D02D">Spies, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F5EA3E6C1428A44FEE5770DB1027F331">SNSB - Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstr. 21, D- 81247 München, Germany. E-mail: haszprunar @ snsb. de Dept. Biology II and GeoBio-Center of LMU Munich, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="75F847752B0A6448E0D87EF5B37A9FEE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="DF94D1E21D1C79026B760E80BA9EE479">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7C513F9102C5CF184C4046034F18B853">3841</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03EB878010250D09FF46FBF4BAD9F91A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB878010250D09FF46FBF4BAD9F91A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EB878010250D09FF46FBF4BAD9F91A" lastPageNumber="273" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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<subSubSection id="C358651D10250D09FF46FBF4B93BFBCF" box="[151,810,1051,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D09FF46FBF4B93BFBCF" blockId="2.[151,810,1051,1077]" box="[151,810,1051,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FF46FBF4BBA9FBCE" bold="true" box="[151,440,1051,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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(2)
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510250D09FF6FFBF3B93BFBCF" ID-CoL="HRHM" authority="(Ellis & Solander, 1786)" baseAuthorityName="Ellis & Solander" baseAuthorityYear="1786" box="[190,810,1051,1077]" class="Asteroidea" family="Acanthasteridae" genus="Acanthaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="echinites">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FF6FFBF3BBA9FBCE" bold="true" box="[190,440,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Acanthaster echinites</emphasis>
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(Ellis & Solander in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710250D09FD76FBF4B933FBCF" author="Watt, M. & Daniel Solander, M. D. F. R. S." box="[679,802,1052,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" refId="ref13701" refString="Watt, M. (Ed.) (1786) The natural history of many curious and uncommon zoophytes, collected from various parts of the globe by the late John Ellis, Esq. F. R. S. Soc. Reg. Upsal. Soc. author of the natural history of English Corallines, and other works. Systematically arranged and described by the late Daniel Solander, M. D. F. R. S. & c.. With sixty-two [sic] plates engraven by principal artists. B. White and Son + P. Elmsly, London, xii (12) + 208 pp., 63 + [2] pls. Available from: https: // archive. org / details / naturalhistoryof 00 elli (accessed 4 July 2014) [This work was published on the initiative of Sir Joseph Banks by Ellis' daughter years after the deaths of Ellis († 1776) and Solander († 1782); thus, for the purposes of nomenclature Ellis and Solander cannot be cited as the authors of the publication (ICZN 1999: Art. 50.1.1). However, contents of the work show clearly that Ellis had collected the material and closely overseen the production of the plates by various artists (Watt 1786, editor's introductory " Advertisement ", p. vi), with the possible exception of the two unnumbered plates, which appear to be reproductions of older originals. The work's contents also show that Solander had " arranged and described " (op. cit.: title) the taxa treated in the text, including data " found in Mr. Ellis's papers " (op. cit.: p. 198). Consequently, we continue to credit Ellis & Solander with the nomenclatural authorship of all taxon names newly proposed in Watt (1786).]" type="book" year="1786">Watt, 1786</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C358651D10250D09FF46FB8CB87CFB86" box="[151,621,1124,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D09FF46FB8CB87CFB86" blockId="2.[151,1437,1124,1760]" box="[151,621,1124,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FF46FB8CBBB1FB87" bold="true" box="[151,416,1124,1149]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" reason="1">Original combination.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510250D09FE77FB8CB87CFB86" authorityName="Ellis & Solander. This" authorityYear="1786" box="[422,621,1124,1148]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="echinites">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FE77FB8CB87CFB86" box="[422,621,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Asterias echinites</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C358651D10250D09FF16FB6FBE3BFB12" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D09FF16FB6FB8E2FB5A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1124,1760]" box="[199,755,1159,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FF16FB6FBB96FB5A" bold="true" box="[199,391,1159,1184]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" reason="1">Original source.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710250D09FE5FFB60B808FB5A" author="Watt, M. & Daniel Solander, M. D. F. R. S." box="[398,537,1159,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" refId="ref13701" refString="Watt, M. (Ed.) (1786) The natural history of many curious and uncommon zoophytes, collected from various parts of the globe by the late John Ellis, Esq. F. R. S. Soc. Reg. Upsal. Soc. author of the natural history of English Corallines, and other works. Systematically arranged and described by the late Daniel Solander, M. D. F. R. S. & c.. With sixty-two [sic] plates engraven by principal artists. B. White and Son + P. Elmsly, London, xii (12) + 208 pp., 63 + [2] pls. Available from: https: // archive. org / details / naturalhistoryof 00 elli (accessed 4 July 2014) [This work was published on the initiative of Sir Joseph Banks by Ellis' daughter years after the deaths of Ellis († 1776) and Solander († 1782); thus, for the purposes of nomenclature Ellis and Solander cannot be cited as the authors of the publication (ICZN 1999: Art. 50.1.1). However, contents of the work show clearly that Ellis had collected the material and closely overseen the production of the plates by various artists (Watt 1786, editor's introductory " Advertisement ", p. vi), with the possible exception of the two unnumbered plates, which appear to be reproductions of older originals. The work's contents also show that Solander had " arranged and described " (op. cit.: title) the taxa treated in the text, including data " found in Mr. Ellis's papers " (op. cit.: p. 198). Consequently, we continue to credit Ellis & Solander with the nomenclatural authorship of all taxon names newly proposed in Watt (1786).]" type="book" year="1786">Watt (1786)</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 206, pls. 60–62.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D09FF16FB44BE14FB3F" blockId="2.[151,1437,1124,1760]" box="[199,1029,1196,1221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">http://archive.org/stream/naturalhistoryof00elli#page/206/mode/2up (text)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D09FF16FB27BE3BFB12" blockId="2.[151,1437,1124,1760]" box="[199,1066,1231,1256]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">http://archive.org/stream/naturalhistoryof00elli#page/n341/mode/2up (plates)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C358651D10250D09FF16FB1CBF8DFAF7" box="[199,1436,1268,1293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D09FF16FB1CBF8DFAF7" blockId="2.[151,1437,1124,1760]" box="[199,1436,1268,1293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FF16FB1CBBDCFAF7" bold="true" box="[199,461,1268,1293]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" reason="1">Nomenclatural status.</emphasis>
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Available name. Fixed as the
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<typeStatus id="54F9883410250D09FCCCFB1CB95CFAF6" box="[797,845,1268,1292]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">type</typeStatus>
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species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510250D09FC18FB1CBE41FAF6" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1841" box="[969,1104,1268,1292]" class="Asteroidea" family="Acanthasteridae" genus="Acanthaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FC18FB1CBE41FAF6" box="[969,1104,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Acanthaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; see Review Part C(1) below.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C358651D10250D09FF16FAFFB8F5FA82" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D09FF16FAFFBAF0FAAF" blockId="2.[151,1437,1124,1760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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<materialsCitation id="3B2A3CCB10250D09FF16FAFFBACCFAAF" country="Indonesia" location="Batavia" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jakarta" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FF16FAFFBB67FACA" bold="true" box="[199,374,1303,1328]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" reason="1">Type material.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54F9883410250D09FEAFFAFFBBF7FACA" box="[382,486,1303,1328]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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—the only
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<specimenCount id="9D44FD1F10250D09FDB6FAFFB8C0FACA" box="[615,721,1303,1328]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" type="generic">specimen</specimenCount>
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mentioned by Ellis & Solander in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710250D09FBB1FAF0BEFBFACA" author="Watt, M. & Daniel Solander, M. D. F. R. S." box="[1120,1258,1303,1328]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" refId="ref13701" refString="Watt, M. (Ed.) (1786) The natural history of many curious and uncommon zoophytes, collected from various parts of the globe by the late John Ellis, Esq. F. R. S. Soc. Reg. Upsal. Soc. author of the natural history of English Corallines, and other works. Systematically arranged and described by the late Daniel Solander, M. D. F. R. S. & c.. With sixty-two [sic] plates engraven by principal artists. B. White and Son + P. Elmsly, London, xii (12) + 208 pp., 63 + [2] pls. Available from: https: // archive. org / details / naturalhistoryof 00 elli (accessed 4 July 2014) [This work was published on the initiative of Sir Joseph Banks by Ellis' daughter years after the deaths of Ellis († 1776) and Solander († 1782); thus, for the purposes of nomenclature Ellis and Solander cannot be cited as the authors of the publication (ICZN 1999: Art. 50.1.1). However, contents of the work show clearly that Ellis had collected the material and closely overseen the production of the plates by various artists (Watt 1786, editor's introductory " Advertisement ", p. vi), with the possible exception of the two unnumbered plates, which appear to be reproductions of older originals. The work's contents also show that Solander had " arranged and described " (op. cit.: title) the taxa treated in the text, including data " found in Mr. Ellis's papers " (op. cit.: p. 198). Consequently, we continue to credit Ellis & Solander with the nomenclatural authorship of all taxon names newly proposed in Watt (1786).]" type="book" year="1786">Watt (1786)</bibRefCitation>
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; see remark (1) below
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D09FF16FAB7B8F5FA82" blockId="2.[151,1437,1124,1760]" box="[199,740,1375,1400]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FF16FAB7BB74FA82" bold="true" box="[199,357,1375,1400]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" reason="1">Type locality.</emphasis>
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<location id="8E9D604D10250D09FEBDFAB7BBD3FA82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB878010250D09FF46FBF4BAD9F91A:8E9D604D10250D09FEBDFAB7BBD3FA82" box="[364,450,1375,1400]" country="Indonesia" name="Batavia" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="Jakarta">Batavia</location>
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(now
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<collectingRegion id="4986F87410250D09FDD8FAB7B84CFA82" box="[521,605,1375,1400]" country="Indonesia" name="Jakarta Raya" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Jakarta</collectingRegion>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F355760610250D09FDA1FAB7B8F0FA82" box="[624,737,1375,1400]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C358651D10250D09FF16FA6CBAD9F91A" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D09FF16FA6CBBF8F9F2" blockId="2.[151,1437,1124,1760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FF16FA6CBB2AFA67" bold="true" box="[199,315,1412,1437]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
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(1) The text by Ellis and Solander states that the
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||
<typeStatus id="54F9883410250D09FCBDFA6CB9DFFA67" box="[876,974,1412,1437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
specimen "was brought from Batavia by Captain W. Webber, and is in the possession of Dr. Fothergill" (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710250D09FC8DFA4FBE1EFA3A" author="Watt, M. & Daniel Solander, M. D. F. R. S." box="[860,1039,1447,1472]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" refId="ref13701" refString="Watt, M. (Ed.) (1786) The natural history of many curious and uncommon zoophytes, collected from various parts of the globe by the late John Ellis, Esq. F. R. S. Soc. Reg. Upsal. Soc. author of the natural history of English Corallines, and other works. Systematically arranged and described by the late Daniel Solander, M. D. F. R. S. & c.. With sixty-two [sic] plates engraven by principal artists. B. White and Son + P. Elmsly, London, xii (12) + 208 pp., 63 + [2] pls. Available from: https: // archive. org / details / naturalhistoryof 00 elli (accessed 4 July 2014) [This work was published on the initiative of Sir Joseph Banks by Ellis' daughter years after the deaths of Ellis († 1776) and Solander († 1782); thus, for the purposes of nomenclature Ellis and Solander cannot be cited as the authors of the publication (ICZN 1999: Art. 50.1.1). However, contents of the work show clearly that Ellis had collected the material and closely overseen the production of the plates by various artists (Watt 1786, editor's introductory " Advertisement ", p. vi), with the possible exception of the two unnumbered plates, which appear to be reproductions of older originals. The work's contents also show that Solander had " arranged and described " (op. cit.: title) the taxa treated in the text, including data " found in Mr. Ellis's papers " (op. cit.: p. 198). Consequently, we continue to credit Ellis & Solander with the nomenclatural authorship of all taxon names newly proposed in Watt (1786).]" type="book" year="1786">Watt 1786: 206</bibRefCitation>
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). Like Ellis and Solander, however, Fothergill had died before the work was published (op. cit.: vi). It remains to be determined whether any part of his collection has been preserved.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D09FF16F9FCB863F9AA" blockId="2.[151,1437,1124,1760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">(2) The original description mentions very few characters and does not provide sufficient information about live color, details of spines or pedicellaria.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D09FF16F9B4BAD9F91A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1124,1760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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(3) Various subsequent works have misrepresented the name
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510250D09FCA1F9B4BE27F98E" authorityName="Ellis & Solander. This" authorityYear="1786" box="[880,1078,1628,1652]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="echinites">
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||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FCA1F9B4BE27F98E" box="[880,1078,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Asterias echinites</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by spelling it incorrectly and/or crediting its nomenclatural authorship to someone other than Ellis & Solander. These errors have caused considerable confusion; see under "
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510250D09FDF6F94CB88AF946" box="[551,667,1700,1724]" class="Asteroidea" family="Acanthasteridae" genus="Acanthaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="echinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FDF6F94CB88AF946" box="[551,667,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">A. echinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" (species section 4), and under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510250D09FBD5F94CBE61F946" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1793" box="[1028,1136,1700,1724]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="solaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FBD5F94CBE61F946" box="[1028,1136,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">A. solaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(species section 3, remark (4)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |