128 lines
11 KiB
XML
128 lines
11 KiB
XML
<document id="C46CEA3B4C98E9C53044D3F9DDB517E3" ID-CLB-Dataset="34437" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a15ec661-e796-4207-8509-756590c75c0e" ID-PMC="PMC4389221" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-493-1" ID-PubMed="25878545" ID-ZooBank="1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-493-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 493" ModsDocTitle="Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)" checkinTime="1451244490299" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Noort, Simon van, Buffington, Matthew L. & Forshage, Mattias" docDate="2015" docId="187ADC2E79D8FAD5403202A3B8775CEF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 493: 1-176" docOrigin="ZooKeys 493" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353" docTitle="Pycnostigmus Cameron 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="128" masterDocId="DD2DFF8EFFC4FFA2FFD7FFE4FFB46007" masterDocTitle="Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="176" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="128" updateTime="1732636387186" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="88D0BB40AE6A12373F9AE553A109BA27" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="83AE7C39C0E717A90A0B831D46AF1BCF">
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<mods:title id="B53CEF53C4672A062B62999C0E822D4F">Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="8DE22EDD781E8A7AF37D0705EF2521BF" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="81C310929863FF6AA7708F9B176BAEB3">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F2D9CC378139199FCFEA7E3C9641DF4B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="756497C3C0835548DA3E54971F1F6B33">Noort, Simon van</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="6F903F77C2542F8BE2A346B5F410345B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B924B1EE13308091871C04EF5D7E86C9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8AA560A964AE1FD9F1437883BF3BD040">Buffington, Matthew L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="A3541E0B2F5C515269D6FD60873283E0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2F9BE160D51D7DD51F2CD91E0C6D88C8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="3EB6493B2601E9338E4997BC3397483F">Forshage, Mattias</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D1DA16A9A605B23F34E52ED29ED732CD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="7797C0D69E4286331BA268EB043CD890">
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<mods:title id="BCC9B6276AE8E1CE494152D8459C494E">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="1ED3101D37986BD48522E2194747ED18">
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<mods:date id="BE258DBDDD2E92703CBC5945B30A2925">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="09714A0C8D1EA36914555107C0268DCC" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="FD8C870418A04AE0A5CD1335DF840DC5">493</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="DA2F1DA1149EA4AB7C43DC5CDA2DBC4E" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="45D839B2C0313372707123799A73535C">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="283D6C66C2B7AEAE6ACD7002BB630535">176</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="381ECCC7ADCBBF1E59DA768F05876714">
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<mods:url id="5658D190AEAB6F76DC382CAB330694B8">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="5580CC1301D54D3EB74944ADB09B070A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="BA8770238AE3F42EB4970AA0940BFA2D" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="580CA13369F4047FE93EEB8FAC03A9A8" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-493-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6369D11987295300BC0308D060851B7C" type="ZooBank">1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="187ADC2E79D8FAD5403202A3B8775CEF" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152059223" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:187ADC2E79D8FAD5403202A3B8775CEF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/187ADC2E79D8FAD5403202A3B8775CEF" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" scope_family="Figitidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_subFamily="Pycnostigminae" scope_superFamily="Cynipoidea">
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<subSubSection id="170DA280034AA428EF5D57E75890D891" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="61E48A8F9ABD6012941DFA8BC3CB345D" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Figitidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2D2335361E6D2AF7BE86C17B15057A58" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0590A43579904C55B0CD966EA4E93B5D" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName id="075DF609F9A86EB9D8DB17401330B3C1" authority="Cameron, 1905" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" genus="Pycnostigmus" lsidName="Pycnostigmus" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" rank="genus">Pycnostigmus Cameron, 1905</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28E3846ECBFCA5D30A5C344321FA2D7D" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="49128E618CEFCD679DBC4EB909E4AACA" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="84364B7B9A1979F0A28BD16DC5E2D703" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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Revised by
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<bibRefCitation id="593873F1AA085684F5F9F41C138C8C86" author="Buffington, ML" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="1 - 30" title="A world revision of the Pycnostigminae (Cynipoidea: Figitidae) with descriptions of seven new species." volume="1392" year="2007">Buffington and van Noort (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="21B3337401006ECDE9356036DBD4035A" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2FE5AA37DF584219729DD8B86E3C6DA5" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="804A0AD58AD5EC70350EC5564186D8AD" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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Within the Afrotropical region,
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<taxonomicName id="53F5320797EE12CD527D1DF77ED99F7C" genus="Pycnostigmus" lsidName="Pycnostigmus" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" rank="genus">Pycnostigmus</taxonomicName>
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can be confused with
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<taxonomicName id="C331A48E91B89AE2073A13358C2E83FF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tylosema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tylosema" order="Fabales" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Tylosema</taxonomicName>
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. However,
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<taxonomicName id="6E9D11A89472262F30C5C55EA9143CFF" genus="Pycnostigmus" lsidName="Pycnostigmus" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" rank="genus">Pycnostigmus</taxonomicName>
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species lack notauli on the mesoscutum, an easily observable and reliable character. Outside the Afrotropical region,
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<taxonomicName id="A3BD1338E58D291725ED6385FB9D8063" genus="Pycnostigmus" lsidName="Pycnostigmus" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" rank="genus">Pycnostigmus</taxonomicName>
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is more readily confused with
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<taxonomicName id="E2E19587F91AF48A89E7F880E13A115E" genus="Trjapitziniola" lsidName="Trjapitziniola" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" rank="genus">Trjapitziniola</taxonomicName>
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; presently, this latter taxon is only known from the Palearctic region (Armenia, UAE), but it may be present in the Afrotropical region.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="A272D49BDFB4EEF76EDBF97E6FEC5EB0" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<paragraph id="9244E99D7D6280070DD4EFE97797EA15" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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Figure 49.
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<taxonomicName id="7F380E92F167D24C856B29A9D469C5D9" genus="Pycnostigmus" lsidName="Pycnostigmus rostratus" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" rank="species" species="rostratus">Pycnostigmus rostratus</taxonomicName>
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(South Africa). A habitus lateral view B head and mesosoma dorsal view C head, anterior view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9A1B51BF887B470CF16A59339CE3F9BC" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="E020972F081573B29A86528B832117EA" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9630B576340AB3D769F1FEE5BFDEC00" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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Endemic to South Africa (
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<bibRefCitation id="064F97B07AA7BAD77495FDC9FDD2CAAE" author="Buffington, ML" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="1 - 30" title="A world revision of the Pycnostigminae (Cynipoidea: Figitidae) with descriptions of seven new species." volume="1392" year="2007">Buffington and van Noort 2007</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EFBF67945F30D3240D84DB7EC115ADC9" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="biology">
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<paragraph id="E9604E7EF4599C03F15D57767689307C" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="95CC89271B82FC6557C01C8190EA2E04" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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Hosts unknown. The phylogeny of
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<bibRefCitation id="A15336718D32C33969FC9D8E4702D00A" author="Buffington, ML" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="287 - 304" title="Divergence estimates and early evolutionary history of Figitidae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea)." url="10.1111/j.1365-3113.2012.00617.x" volume="37" year="2012">Buffington et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
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suggest the host might be a gall-inducing hymenopteran.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E87F2528C5479E637B4C6CB6B33C1983" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="species richness">
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<paragraph id="7F45D397A7270CD50446AA9D35A93B31" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Species richness.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2DEFBDF0BED538B3967C4B209D713EB2" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName id="38B9588A4409E6883D532C5FDEC7D522" genus="Pycnostigmus" lsidName="Pycnostigmus fossilensis" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" rank="species" species="fossilensis">Pycnostigmus fossilensis</taxonomicName>
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Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2EC505948C77378DDA25746BAE59B141" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName id="88F0A0225B90C0674E8F7F5B00D5E142" genus="Pycnostigmus" lsidName="Pycnostigmus hoerikwaggoensis" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" rank="species" species="hoerikwaggoensis">Pycnostigmus hoerikwaggoensis</taxonomicName>
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Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="089D83405D323AFBA90CD031781AC1EC" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName id="D611DB79A30638E49AF2099FC3E5F087" genus="Pycnostigmus" lsidName="Pycnostigmus incognito" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" rank="species" species="incognito">Pycnostigmus incognito</taxonomicName>
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Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="785DACA7409AEEDF99C0B8B13C23FD36" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName id="0519E02769C3D3BDBE4EDF88EEF2EB27" genus="Pycnostigmus" lsidName="Pycnostigmus mastersonae" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" rank="species" species="mastersonae">Pycnostigmus mastersonae</taxonomicName>
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Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="10C515485A4FA839C4529DDE0E112723" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName id="F52FA6602C7D3F9A3445F9F80E7CDCAB" genus="Pycnostigmus" lsidName="Pycnostigmus rostratus" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" rank="species" species="rostratus">Pycnostigmus rostratus</taxonomicName>
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Cameron, 1905 (South Africa)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |