Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera) Author Noort, Simon van Author Buffington, Matthew L. Author Forshage, Mattias text ZooKeys 2015 493 1 176 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353 1313-2970-493-1 1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95 Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Figitidae Pycnostigmus Cameron, 1905 Remarks. Revised by Buffington and van Noort (2007) . Diagnosis. Within the Afrotropical region, Pycnostigmus can be confused with Tylosema . However, Pycnostigmus species lack notauli on the mesoscutum, an easily observable and reliable character. Outside the Afrotropical region, Pycnostigmus is more readily confused with Trjapitziniola ; presently, this latter taxon is only known from the Palearctic region (Armenia, UAE), but it may be present in the Afrotropical region. Figure 49. Pycnostigmus rostratus (South Africa). A habitus lateral view B head and mesosoma dorsal view C head, anterior view. Distribution. Endemic to South Africa ( Buffington and van Noort 2007 ). Biology. Hosts unknown. The phylogeny of Buffington et al. (2012) suggest the host might be a gall-inducing hymenopteran. Species richness. Pycnostigmus fossilensis Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa) Pycnostigmus hoerikwaggoensis Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa) Pycnostigmus incognito Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa) Pycnostigmus mastersonae Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa) Pycnostigmus rostratus Cameron, 1905 (South Africa)