324 lines
29 KiB
XML
324 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.590.7950" ID-GBIF-Dataset="07ba29ab-a802-4999-bc2c-c810f4c15eeb" ID-PMC="PMC4926625" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-590-1" ID-PubMed="27408540" ID-ZBK="BE34EA62E27346BB9FE64660953EDFE8" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-590-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 590" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the centipede genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) in mainland Southeast Asia, with description of a new species from Laos" checkinTime="1463538265886" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Siriwut, Warut, Edgecombe, Gregory D., Sutcharit, Chirasak, Tongkerd, Piyoros & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2016" docId="F5E99462486E422B66D0E1E3C0A52B9E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 590: 1-124" docOrigin="ZooKeys 590" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.590.7950" docTitle="Scolopendra cataracta Siriwut, Edgecombe & Panha, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="0956CB47-120F-4D98-BEA4-1FBD63713281" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="8336627CFFD687314430512FFF89C507" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the centipede genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) in mainland Southeast Asia, with description of a new species from Laos" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1668163113681" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A taxonomic review of the centipede genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) in mainland Southeast Asia, with description of a new species from Laos</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Siriwut, Warut</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Edgecombe, Gregory D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tongkerd, Piyoros</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>590</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>124</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.590.7950</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.590.7950</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-590-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">BE34EA62E27346BB9FE64660953EDFE8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">BE34EA62E27346BB9FE64660953EDFE8</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127864222" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0956CB47-120F-4D98-BEA4-1FBD63713281" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F5E99462486E422B66D0E1E3C0A52B9E" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Taxon classification Animalia Scolopendromorpha Scolopendridae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/0956CB47-120F-4D98-BEA4-1FBD63713281" authority="Siriwut, Edgecombe & Panha" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra cataracta" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">Scolopendra cataracta Siriwut, Edgecombe & Panha</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="40" pageNumber="41">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 28
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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, 29, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="41" pageNumber="42" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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locality.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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Tad E-tu Waterfall, Bolaven Plateau, Pakse, Champasak, Laos (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.21961">15°13'10.6"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="105.92536">105°55'31.3"E</geoCoordinate>
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) (Fig. 54B).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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Figure 54.
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra cataracta" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">Scolopendra cataracta</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.: A Habitus photograph of holotype CUMZ 00316 B Habitat at type locality C Genital region; GS - Genital segment.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="42" pageNumber="43" start="start">Materials</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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Holotype CUMZ 00316, adult specimen from type locality (Fig. 54A). Paratypes CUMZ 00317, one adult, Tad-Yueang Waterfall, Mueang Singh, Luang Namtha, Laos (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.165305">15°09'55.1"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="106.10294">106°06'10.6"E</geoCoordinate>
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). NHMUK 010305528, one adult, Kao Sok National Park, Surat Thani, Thailand, labeled as "a distinct population of
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subspinipes">Scolopendra subspinipes</taxonomicName>
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but without paramedian sutures on the tergites", det. J.G.E. Lewis, leg. G. Beccaloni, 2001. NHMUK 1928.5.30.7, one adult, Bac-Kan, Vietnam, labelled as "
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subspinipes">Scolopendra subspinipes</taxonomicName>
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". NHMUK 1928.5.30.6, one female, Dac-To, Annam [Vietnam], Delacour-Lowe expedition.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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From
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“cataract”">"cataract"</normalizedToken>
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, meaning waterfall, for the type locality at Tad E-tu Waterfall.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">18-19 antennal articles, 6 basal articles glabrous dorsally. Cephalic plate punctate. 5-6 teeth on tooth-plate. Tergites 7(14)-20 with paramedian sutures, all incomplete, present only on anterior and posterior parts. Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment without depression or suture. Paramedian sutures confined to anterior 15-20% of sternites. Coxopleural process with 1-3 apical+subapical spines, 0-1 dorsal spine, without lateral spine. Ultimate leg prefemora with 1-2 VL, 1-2 M, 0-2 DM and prefemoral process with 1-3 spines. Tarsal spur on legs 1-19(20).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Holotype description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">(variation of paratypes is given in parentheses). Body length 12.8 cm (up to ca. 20 cm long in paratype NHMUK 1928.v.30.6). Blackish colouration on entire body. Cephalic plate and segments monochromatic. Tergites dark greenish or black. Cephalic plate without small punctae on anterior part; median sulcus present. Posterior part of cephalic plate without paramedian sulci.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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Antenna usually with 19 articles (atypically with 18 articles on one side), basal 6 glabrous dorsally (Fig. 57A), 5-5.5 glabrous ventrally. Antennae reach segment 4(5). Forcipular trochanteroprefemoral process with denticles in two groups, one apical tooth and (2)3-4 inner (Fig. 57C). Tooth-plates (Fig. 55
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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) wider than long or nearly as long as wide, with 6 teeth (5 in NHMUK 1928.5.30.6). Tooth-plate with straight, transverse basal suture. Coxosternal surface smooth, without median suture (Figs 55D, 57D). Article 2 of second maxillary telopodite with spur.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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Anterior margin of T1 underlying cephalic plate (Fig. 55C). Incomplete paramedian sutures on all tergites; margination typically starting on T7 (TT10-14). Tergite surface (Figs 56A, 57B) smooth, with median sulci starting from TT5-20. Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment (Figs 56B, 58B) curved posteriorly, without median furrow or depression; ratio of width: length of tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment 1.1:1. Anterior part of sternites (Figs 55E, 57E) with short paramedian sutures confined to approximately 20-45% length of sternite. Surface of sternites smooth. Sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment (Figs 56
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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, 58
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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) with sides converging posteriorly; surface without depression. Pore-field on coxopleuron extending to and overlapped by margin of tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment, dorsal margin of pore area sinuous, most elevated anteriorly (Figs 56F, 58A).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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Figure 55.
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra cataracta" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">Scolopendra cataracta</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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Tooth-plates C Cephalic plate and trunk segments 1-3 D Forcipular segment E Sternites 9-11 and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–H">F-H</normalizedToken>
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Spiracles 3, 5 and 8, respectively. Holotype CUMZ 00316 (A,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–H">C-H</normalizedToken>
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) and paratype CUMZ 00317 (B).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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Figure 56.
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra cataracta" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">Scolopendra cataracta</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.: A Tergites 9-11 B Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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Sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment and coxopleura
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
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Variation in ventral spines on ultimate leg prefemora F Lateral view of coxopleuron G Dorsal view of ultimate legs. Holotype CUMZ 00316 (A, B, D, G and H) and paratype CUMZ 00317 (C, E and F).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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Figure 57.
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra cataracta" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">Scolopendra cataracta</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (Holotype: CUMZ 00316): A Cephalic plate and basal antennal articles B Tergites 9-11 C Tooth-plates and trochanteroprefemoral process D Forcipular segment E Sternites 9-11.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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Figure 58.
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra cataracta" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">Scolopendra cataracta</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.: A Lateral view of coxopleuron B Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment C Sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment, coxopleura and ultimate leg prefemora. D Asymmetry of spines on coxopleural process E Dorsal view of ultimate leg prefemora. Holotype CUMZ 00316 (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
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, E) and paratype CUMZ 00317 (A, D).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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Coxopleural process (Fig. 56
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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) moderately long or short with 2-3 apical+subapical spines (spines atypically absent on one side; CUMZ 00317), without lateral spine (one paratype with one dorsal spine on one side: CUMZ 00317). Pore-
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<pageBreakToken pageId="43" pageNumber="44" start="start">free</pageBreakToken>
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area extending 30-90% length from distal part of coxopleural process to margin of sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment (Figs 54C, 56
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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and 58
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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All legs without setae and tibial spur. One tarsal spur on legs 1-20 (1-19 in one paratype, CUMZ 00317). Ultimate leg: long and slender, with ratios of lengths of prefemur and femur 1.1:1, femur and tibia 1.1:1, tibia and tarsus 2 1.3:1; tarsus 1 and tarsus 2 1.9:1. Prefemora flattened dorsally with acute blackish spines. Prefemoral spines (Figs 56
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
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, 58C, 58E): 2 VL, 1 M, 0-1 DM, prefemoral process with 2 spines (Paratypes: 1-2 VL, 1-2 M, 0-2 DM and prefemural process with 1-3 spines).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Genital segments well developed (Figs 28
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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, 54C), reaching longer than distance between posterior margin of sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment and distal part of coxopleural process. Sternite of genital segment 1 round and convex posteriorly, with median suture. Tergites of genital segment lacking small setae. Presence of gonopods and penis uncertain because genitalia are mostly retracted in holotype and paratypes; only two female specimens show genital segments (NHMUK 010305528 and 1928.5.30.6).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">The paratype collected in Thailand in 2001 (NHMUK 010305528) was observed to display apparent amphibious habits. The following account is based on observations by G. Beccaloni (pers. comm., Jan. 2016). The centipede was initially observed under a rock slab beside a stream ca. 1.5 m wide and 20 cm deep. It escaped into the stream and concealed itself under a rock. After extraction from the stream it was placed in a glass container of water, in which it swam powerfully on the bottom of the container with vigorous horizontal undulating motions.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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This species exhibits an atypical characteristic for scolopendromorphs, namely incomplete paramedian sutures on the tergites. Very few members in only three genera share this character, these being within
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopocryptopidae" genus="Scolopocryptops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopocryptops" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scolopocryptops</taxonomicName>
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Newport, 1844,
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scolopendra</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhysida</taxonomicName>
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Wood, 1862. Within
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scolopendra</taxonomicName>
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, only two described species,
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra hainanum" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainanum">Scolopendra hainanum</taxonomicName>
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from Hainan Island, China, and "
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subspinipes" subSpecies="piceoflava">Scolopendra subspinipes piceoflava</taxonomicName>
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" (treated above as a synonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subspinipes">Scolopendra subspinipes</taxonomicName>
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following
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<bibRefCitation author="Kronmueller, C" journalOrPublisher="Spixiana" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="19 - 27" title="Review of the subspecies of Scolopendrasubspinipes Leach, 1815 with the new description of the South Chinese member of the genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 named Scolopendrahainanum spec. nov." volume="35" year="2012">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kronmüller">Kronmueller</normalizedToken>
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(2012)
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</bibRefCitation>
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), from Sulawesi, Indonesia, have been reported to lack or have nearly absent paramedian sutures on the tergites.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra cataracta" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">Scolopendra cataracta</taxonomicName>
|
||
and "
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subspinipes" subSpecies="piceoflava">Scolopendra subspinipes piceoflava</taxonomicName>
|
||
" can be distinguished from each other by: paramedian sutures confined to the posterior part of tergites in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra cataracta" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">Scolopendra cataracta</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs complete sutures in "
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subspinipes" subSpecies="piceoflava">Scolopendra subspinipes piceoflava</taxonomicName>
|
||
", very short paramedian sutures on the sternites vs sutures extending along 80-100% the length of the sternites, and three apical/subapical spines on the coxopleural process vs one or two.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra cataracta" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">Scolopendra cataracta</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra hainanum" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainanum">Scolopendra hainanum</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the short paramedian sutures on the sternites versus being nearly complete in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra hainanum" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainanum">Scolopendra hainanum</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the number of spines on the coxopleural process (three vs one or two), and the number of VL spines on the ultimate leg prefemora. The two species can also be distinguished by their colouration patterns and their distributions, though the latter are closely associated. For these reasons, we regard
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra cataracta" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">Scolopendra cataracta</taxonomicName>
|
||
as distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra hainanum" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainanum">Scolopendra hainanum</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and its sampled populations group as monophyletic for each partial gene analysis (see Table 11 for morphological comparison). It is likewise morphologically distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subspinipes">Scolopendra subspinipes</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra multidens" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidens">Scolopendra multidens</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra dawydoffi" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dawydoffi">Scolopendra dawydoffi</taxonomicName>
|
||
. DNA sequences are not available for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra hainanum" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainanum">Scolopendra hainanum</taxonomicName>
|
||
but would be useful to study the relationship between these two apparently related species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
Table 11. Morphological comparison of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra cataracta" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">Scolopendra cataracta</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. and some related species in the adjacent sub-regions.? Character not present, R right side, * data from
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kronmueller, C" journalOrPublisher="Spixiana" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="19 - 27" title="Review of the subspecies of Scolopendrasubspinipes Leach, 1815 with the new description of the South Chinese member of the genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 named Scolopendrahainanum spec. nov." volume="35" year="2012">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kronmüller">Kronmueller</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<table pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<tr pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="2">Characters</th>
|
||
<th colspan="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra cataracta" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">Scolopendra cataracta</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra subspinipes subsp. piceoflava" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subspinipes" subSpecies="piceoflava">Scolopendra subspinipes piceoflava</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Syntypes)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Scolopendra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolopendra hainanum" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainanum">Scolopendra hainanum</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">Laos (Holotype)</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">Thailand (Paratype)</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">Vietnam (Paratypes)</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">Laos (Paratype)</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">PS</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">PS</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">PS</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">PS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">AP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">AP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">APSAP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">AP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">AP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">AP</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">VLMDMSP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">VLMDMSP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">VLMDMSP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">VLMDMSP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">VSP</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">VLVMDMSP</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="44" pageNumber="45" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">All localities are in mainland territory. The currently known distribution (Fig. 29) is as follows: Southeast Asia: Laos (Champasak and Luang Namtha), Thailand (Surat Thani) and Vietnam (Bac Kan and Dac-To).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |