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<document id="62B12E82452B3419265C88AA15A56E13" ID-CLB-Dataset="54012" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.874.2135" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a8087ba9-11c2-45e7-9b7e-1c28a2802456" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8037742" ID-ZooBank="62C858FA-A538-4E0F-B0A1-624E0062F931" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1686745576916" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Amaral, André P., Mariano, Rodolfo &amp; Pinho, Luiz Carlos" docDate="2023" docId="0396879BFFDE3618FE30A4D3FE27E81A" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-874_1-120.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 874 (1)" docSource="http://zoobank.org/62c858fa-a538-4e0f-b0a1-624e0062f931" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Corethrella (Corethrella) carariensis Borkent 2008" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="FFAFFFE3FFC13638FFD4A071FFA0EE1B" masterDocTitle="Description of five new species of frog-biting midges (Diptera, Corethrellidae) from Brazil and examination of new morphological characters with utility for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies" masterLastPageNumber="120" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1699524148990" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="2D590163B5E9B4F4C94A66C3D3D87995">Description of five new species of frog-biting midges (Diptera, Corethrellidae) from Brazil and examination of new morphological characters with utility for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="641867E5F4DD322A98D3FCC41931FFB7">Amaral, André P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FC5FC1A766B8D80C0F05B606B5082241">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Depto. de Ciências Biológicas, CEP 45650 - 000, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="09E02EAC4B507979A439629A17868717">Mariano, Rodolfo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1E1E5C449825616B3CE4C82DAA422614">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Depto. de Ciências Biológicas, CEP 45650 - 000, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F33A904BDCC1714E2033B4D6E3A5B5CB">Pinho, Luiz Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C1760D68D809569C46048A4B7103F774">Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Depto. de Ecologia e Zoologia, CEP 88040 - 901, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="D0C881E1FFDE3627FE30A4D3FBF0EAA6" box="[484,1104,1186,1213]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D0EFFDE3627FE30A4D3FBF0EAA6" ID-CoL="8BL5B" authority="Borkent, 2008" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" box="[484,1104,1186,1213]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carariensis" subGenus="Corethrella">
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFDE3627FE30A4D3FDCFEAA6" bold="true" box="[484,623,1186,1213]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Corethrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFDE3627FDABA4D3FCAAEAA6" bold="true" box="[639,778,1186,1213]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Corethrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFDE3627FCCFA4D2FC01EAA6" bold="true" box="[795,929,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">carariensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B7CFFDE3627FC7CA4D2FBF0EAA6" author="Borkent A." box="[936,1104,1187,1213]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 456" refId="ref62471" refString="Borkent A. 2008. The frog-biting midges of the world (Corethrellidae: Diptera). Zootaxa 1804 (1): 1 - 456. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1804.1.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Borkent, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13042A08FFDE3627FD70A4B7FD5AEAFB" box="[676,762,1222,1248]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,718,744]" captionTargetBox="[208,1381,268,691]" captionTargetId="figure-338@32.[189,1399,265,693]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 14. Corethrella carariensis Borkent, 2008, adult. A. Cranial setae, anterior and posterior views, and female clypeus in anterior view. B. Thoracic setae, lateral view. C. Hind leg empodium, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8037791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8037791/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="13042A08FFDE3627FCD1A4B7FC2FEAFB" box="[773,911,1222,1248]" captionStart="Appendix 1" captionStartId="104.[184,306,551,580]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="Appendix 1 (continued). List of species of Corethrellidae recorded from Brazil. 1 stage only briefly described; 2 stage with description uncertain. Asterisks denote new records reported in this paper. L = larva(e); P = pupa(e). C. = Corethrella throughout." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Appendix 1</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFDE3627FF69A571FE0AEB01" bold="true" box="[189,426,1280,1306]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Material examined</emphasis>
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;
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leg.;
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, adult;
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;
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a.s.l.
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;
<collectorName id="26CA535BFFDE3627FE64A5E9FE5CEBA9" box="[432,508,1432,1458]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fabris</collectorName>
,
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and
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leg.;
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;
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.
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<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFDE3627FF69A5A3FEEEEBF7" bold="true" box="[189,334,1490,1516]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Description</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFDE3627FF3EA670FDAFE800" bold="true" box="[234,527,1536,1563]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Male and female adults</emphasis>
(
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,
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)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80368DFFDE3627FF69A655FD4EE8B3" blockId="31.[189,1399,1536,1704]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
HEAD (
<figureCitation id="13042A08FFDE3627FEC6A652FE20E825" box="[274,384,1571,1598]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,718,744]" captionTargetBox="[208,1381,268,691]" captionTargetId="figure-338@32.[189,1399,265,693]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 14. Corethrella carariensis Borkent, 2008, adult. A. Cranial setae, anterior and posterior views, and female clypeus in anterior view. B. Thoracic setae, lateral view. C. Hind leg empodium, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8037791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8037791/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFDE3627FE4CA652FE57E826" bold="true" box="[408,503,1571,1597]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Sensilla</emphasis>
: Ocular row with 2 thick offset setae on ventral part, 814 setae extending shortly beyond vertex. Subocular row well-defined, with 914 slender setae; vertex without additional setae on female, about 7 setae on male. Postgenal row with 915 slender setae located on mid-posterior portion of head. With 1 thick ventromedial seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80368DFFDE3627FF69A6B6FC7FE9CC" blockId="31.[189,1399,1735,2008]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
THORAX (
<figureCitation id="13042A08FFDE3627FEE4A6B6FE3BE8FA" box="[304,411,1735,1762]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,718,744]" captionTargetBox="[208,1381,268,691]" captionTargetId="figure-338@32.[189,1399,265,693]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 14. Corethrella carariensis Borkent, 2008, adult. A. Cranial setae, anterior and posterior views, and female clypeus in anterior view. B. Thoracic setae, lateral view. C. Hind leg empodium, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8037791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8037791/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFDE3627FE66A6B6FDB1E8FA" bold="true" box="[434,529,1735,1761]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Sensilla</emphasis>
: Antepronotum with 02 slender lateral setae. Postpronotum with 1 thick subdorsal and 23 slender posterior setae. Scutum, prescutal area with 2 thick and 1 intermediate setae vertically arranged near prescutal suture, and 2 intermediate and 23 slender setae more dorsally; group of 46 thick/intermediate and 24 slender setae anteriorly. Antealar area with group of 611 thick/ intermediate and 6 slender setae posteroventrally. Supraalar area with 2 thick setae, with 6 slender ones surrounding. Dorsocentral row, posterior part with group of 810 thick and 13 slender offset setae; about 1724 thick/intermediate and 1213 slender completing the row. Scutellum with 10 thick setae. Posterior anepisternum with 1 slender dorsal seta. Anepimeron bare.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF406605FFE13618FF69A2BFFAF9ED10" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8037791" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8037791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8037791/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" startId="32.[189,232,718,744]" targetBox="[208,1381,268,691]" targetPageId="32">
<paragraph id="8B80368DFFE13618FF69A2BFFAF9ED10" blockId="32.[188,1398,718,780]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFE13618FF69A2BFFEB8ECF3" bold="true" box="[189,280,718,744]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D0EFFE13618FECAA2BFFD7FECF3" authority="Borkent, 2008" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" box="[286,735,718,744]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carariensis">
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFE13618FECAA2BFFD8FECF3" box="[286,559,718,744]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Corethrella carariensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B7CFFE13618FDE1A2BFFD7FECF3" author="Borkent A." box="[565,735,718,744]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 456" refId="ref62471" refString="Borkent A. 2008. The frog-biting midges of the world (Corethrellidae: Diptera). Zootaxa 1804 (1): 1 - 456. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1804.1.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Borkent, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, adult.
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFE13618FCE5A2BFFCE6ECF3" bold="true" box="[817,838,718,744]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">A</emphasis>
. Cranial setae, anterior and posterior views, and female clypeus in anterior view.
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFE13618FDE8A280FDF0ED10" bold="true" box="[572,592,753,779]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
. Thoracic setae, lateral view.
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFE13618FC78A280FC61ED10" bold="true" box="[940,961,753,779]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C</emphasis>
. Hind leg empodium, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B80368DFFE13618FF69A33EFBB9ED72" blockId="32.[189,1049,847,880]" box="[189,1049,847,880]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
WING. Male R
<subScript id="17BB34C8FFE13618FEBCA313FED1ED6B" attach="left" box="[360,369,866,880]" fontSize="6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">3</subScript>
/R
<subScript id="17BB34C8FFE13618FE59A313FE36ED6B" attach="left" box="[397,406,866,880]" fontSize="6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">1</subScript>
: 0.69; R
<subScript id="17BB34C8FFE13618FE2FA313FDB6ED6B" attach="left" box="[507,534,866,880]" fontSize="6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">2+3</subScript>
/R
<subScript id="17BB34C8FFE13618FDE6A313FD9BED6B" attach="left" box="[562,571,866,880]" fontSize="6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">2</subScript>
: 0.38. Female R
<subScript id="17BB34C8FFE13618FD29A313FCA6ED6B" attach="left" box="[765,774,866,880]" fontSize="6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">3</subScript>
/R
<subScript id="17BB34C8FFE13618FCF5A313FC8AED6B" attach="left" box="[801,810,866,880]" fontSize="6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">1</subScript>
: 0.71; R
<subScript id="17BB34C8FFE13618FC5BA313FC0AED6B" attach="left" box="[911,938,866,880]" fontSize="6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">2+3</subScript>
/R
<subScript id="17BB34C8FFE13618FC12A313FC6FED6B" attach="left" box="[966,975,866,880]" fontSize="6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">2</subScript>
: 0.34.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80368DFFE13618FF69A3E9FDB9EDCD" blockId="32.[189,1398,920,982]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
LEGS. Empodium (
<figureCitation id="13042A08FFE13618FE4FA3E9FDA5EDA9" box="[411,517,920,946]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,718,744]" captionTargetBox="[208,1381,268,691]" captionTargetId="figure-338@32.[189,1399,265,693]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 14. Corethrella carariensis Borkent, 2008, adult. A. Cranial setae, anterior and posterior views, and female clypeus in anterior view. B. Thoracic setae, lateral view. C. Hind leg empodium, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8037791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8037791/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
) short, slender, with 1 branch. Male Ta1/Ta2: 2.68; Ta3/Ta4: 1.50. Female Ta1/Ta2: 2.43; Ta3/Ta4: 1.45.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3256506FFE13618FF69A475FC1FEAAD" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B80368DFFE13618FF69A475FE4FEA05" blockId="32.[189,495,1028,1054]" box="[189,495,1028,1054]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="D0C881E1FFE13618FF69A475FE4FEA05" bold="true" box="[189,495,1028,1054]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFE13618FF69A475FE4FEA05" bold="true" box="[189,495,1028,1054]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Distribution and biology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80368DFFE13618FF69A442FC1FEAAD" blockId="32.[188,1401,1075,1207]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
This species has previously been recorded from Santa Catarina by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B7CFFE13618FC08A442FA9FEA56" author="Ambrozio-Assis A. &amp; Cortes Lopes B. &amp; Amaral A. P. &amp; Pinho L. C. &amp; Peeters E. T. H. M. &amp; Neckel-Oliveira S." box="[988,1343,1075,1101]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="622 - 628" refId="ref61886" refString="Ambrozio-Assis A., Cortes Lopes B., Amaral A. P., Pinho L. C., Peeters E. T. H. M. &amp; Neckel-Oliveira S. 2018. Preferences for anuran calls in hematophagous corethrellids (Diptera: Corethrellidae) from Southern Brazil. Austral Entomology 58 (3): 622 - 628. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / aen. 12376" type="journal article" year="2018">
Ambrozio-Assis
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFE13618FB73A445FB43EA56" box="[1191,1251,1075,1101]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.</emphasis>
(2018)
</bibRefCitation>
. The examined specimens were captured via frog-call trap (
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D0EFFE13618FCE5A427FB83EA6B" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1826" box="[817,1059,1110,1136]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Physalaemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cuvieri">
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFE13618FCE5A427FB83EA6B" box="[817,1059,1110,1136]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Physalaemus cuvieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and light trap in the Atlantic forest of Santa Catarina at altitudes ranging from
<quantity id="4CC79B68FFE13618FCC7A408FC38EA8F" box="[787,920,1145,1172]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.19" metricValueMax="4.33" metricValueMin="0.05" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="219.0" valueMax="433.0" valueMin="5.0">5 to 433 m</quantity>
a.s.l. It is otherwise known from
<collectingCountry id="F328761DFFE13618FAE6A408FF58EAAD" name="Costa Rica" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, at elevations ranging from
<quantity id="4CC79B68FFE13618FD94A4EDFD1EEAAC" box="[576,702,1180,1207]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">0 to 100 m</quantity>
a.s.l. (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B7CFFE13618FCDFA4EDFC13EAAD" author="Borkent A." box="[779,947,1180,1206]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 456" refId="ref62471" refString="Borkent A. 2008. The frog-biting midges of the world (Corethrellidae: Diptera). Zootaxa 1804 (1): 1 - 456. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1804.1.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Borkent 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3256506FFE13618FF69A494FE27E81A" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B80368DFFE13618FF69A494FE8FEAE4" blockId="32.[189,303,1253,1279]" box="[189,303,1253,1279]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="D0C881E1FFE13618FF69A494FE8FEAE4" bold="true" box="[189,303,1253,1279]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFE13618FF69A494FE8FEAE4" bold="true" box="[189,303,1253,1279]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80368DFFE13618FF69A565FE27E81A" blockId="32.[189,1399,1300,1538]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
The male and female specimens presented a significant difference in relation to cranial setae, with males discretely more setose.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B7CFFE13618FDF2A546FD7CEB4A" author="Borkent A." box="[550,732,1335,1361]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 456" refId="ref62471" refString="Borkent A. 2008. The frog-biting midges of the world (Corethrellidae: Diptera). Zootaxa 1804 (1): 1 - 456. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1804.1.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Borkent (2008)</bibRefCitation>
discussed the difficulty in associating male and female specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D0EFFE13618FEB1A52BFDD9EB6F" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" box="[357,633,1370,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carariensis">
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFE13618FEB1A52BFDD9EB6F" box="[357,633,1370,1396]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Corethrella carariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to great variation in pigmentation, and suggested that there may be cryptic species under the same name.
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D0EFFE13618FD3FA50CFBA0EB8C" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" box="[747,1024,1405,1431]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carariensis">
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFE13618FD3FA50CFBA0EB8C" box="[747,1024,1405,1431]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Corethrella carariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a very distinctive species in the
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D0EFFE13618FF3CA5D0FEFFEBA1" authorityName="Lane" authorityYear="1939" box="[232,351,1441,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peruviana">
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFE13618FF3CA5D0FEFFEBA1" box="[232,351,1441,1466]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">peruviana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, with unique diagnostic features, such as legs without scales and the setae on male genitalia. We thus consider both specimens as
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D0EFFE13618FD3EA5B5FC30EBC5" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" box="[746,912,1476,1502]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carariensis">
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFFE13618FD3EA5B5FC30EBC5" box="[746,912,1476,1502]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C. carariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, though further studies may reveal more than one species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>