treatments-xml/data/88/78/B7/8878B758BA799F394E542450FAD4F80C.xml

<document id="A75CABA52F790418FEBCA9275D57F4DF" ID-CLB-Dataset="21907" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.390" ID-GBIF-Dataset="54438cfa-5f3a-4ee3-85c8-00e453a6d641" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3839858" ID-ZooBank="4D1D1CA3-8345-4BA3-9C7C-5EBDD40752CE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="karina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1590155668479" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Wisshak, Max" docDate="2017" docId="8878B758BA799F394E542450FAD4F80C" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-390.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 390" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Dendrina dendrina dendrina (Morris 1851, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="7441CF20BA769F284C53200DFFF9FFC3" masterDocTitle="Taming an ichnotaxonomical Pandora’s box: revision of dendritic and rosetted microborings (ichnofamily: Dendrinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1729866214584" updateUser="karina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="1E9767319FC55A4EB3D46FC000D5C21E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="271F008D0CFF4A4C81247CD2FA3E3F36">
<mods:title id="D472F0D08A1D395F3BCAE0CDADB44501">Taming an ichnotaxonomical Pandora’s box: revision of dendritic and rosetted microborings (ichnofamily: Dendrinidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="639F522A3C79A4EA3278F5F718BB89EB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="511D734D53CCA4B26020431E49B1D195">
<mods:roleTerm id="978140ED15E0908856A1CAF619475808">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F916F208CADBABC5B7EB1CE5889BD00D">Wisshak, Max</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="C97495D93C6ED55C9B81923C1FB6EC83">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="677F5C87C75F9F556D49C11F89A8D4BE" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="7B82B607B41ADCFDAA0554A3747F1441">
<mods:title id="1847ACC8A85FAB3A5CF327E06CC58E6C">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="115634068924329F696DB7F70558BEE2">
<mods:date id="33CE7BF81149E7527A80BF501DB817D1">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="9275C023B6B7D6DCE9D2129B82249F4F" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="C0F66E8B34FFA8620E5FA641721E0575">2017-12-29</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AD6BF89439A04FFB2AD1F95BD3364D0A" type="issue">
<mods:number id="C2AA18B93B771A04A281016BF731C8BB">390</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="20EDDA857C169FC133731854E5E69F4B" unit="page">
<mods:start id="05D83C5E8EEE6A98B2BD5C550C6E413F">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="EFECD511879A87C0304A68100C803AD6">99</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="A4E581411DB1123375DE46D4280B956E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="05A2BF12A9E8C52D8CBD0FB86E7E8B97" type="CLB-Dataset">21907</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="858A08BCDD77FD9C5473A03B6239AB6C" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2017.390</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2E8D30E079FC2D3B3C8B8575461EA30B" type="GBIF-Dataset">54438cfa-5f3a-4ee3-85c8-00e453a6d641</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="56327DC91D53A645E2454122A448DB34" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8B6002F06A2AD2F6AA82BDECE849B463" type="Zenodo-Dep">3839858</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CFBF8273733560496F8BF4DF1892B302" type="ZooBank">4D1D1CA3-8345-4BA3-9C7C-5EBDD40752CE</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="8878B758BA799F394E542450FAD4F80C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3853679" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164249325" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3853679" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8878B758BA799F394E542450FAD4F80C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8878B758BA799F394E542450FAD4F80C" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA799F274E542450FBD4FBBB" box="[519,1069,1117,1144]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA799F274E542450FBD4FBBB" blockId="15.[519,1069,1117,1179]" box="[519,1069,1117,1144]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="5B26B122BA799F274E542450FBD4FBBB" box="[519,1069,1117,1144]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA799F274E542450FC5DFBBB" authority="dendrina (Morris, 1851)" authorityName="dendrina (Morris" authorityYear="1851" box="[519,932,1117,1144]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dendrina" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA799F274E542450FD16FBBB" bold="true" box="[519,751,1117,1144]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dendrina dendrina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274EAC2450FC62FBBB" author="Morris" box="[767,923,1117,1144]" firstAuthor="Morris" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="85 - 90" refId="ref52331" refString="Morris J. 1851. Palaeontological notes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 2 8: 85 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745486109494965" type="journal article" year="1851">Morris, 1851</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29966727BA799F274FF82450FBD4FBBB" box="[939,1069,1117,1144]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA799F274EA4248DFCC5FB58" box="[759,828,1152,1179]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA799F274EA4248DFCC5FB58" blockId="15.[519,1069,1117,1179]" box="[759,828,1152,1179]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA799F274EA4248DFCC5FB58" box="[759,828,1152,1179]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,232,1576,1602]" captionTargetBox="[227,1360,264,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[227,1360,231,1538]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 2. Dendrina dendrina (Morris, 1851) comb. nov. A. Original illustration of belemnite with various traces, including D. dendrina (arrows; reproduced from Quenstedt 1849: pl. 30, fig. 36); provenance unresolved. B. Original amalgam, including D. dendrina (arrows and label “d”; reproduced from Quenstedt 1885: pl. 38, fig. 39). C. Re-illustration of original Quenstedt Dendrina (reproduced from Plewes 1996: pl. 22, fig. 5). D. Original illustrations of Talpina dendrina (= D. dendrina; reproduced from Morris 1851: pl. IV, figs 4–7; 5 = Talpina ramosa; 6a = Trypanites solitarius). E. Morris’ original belemnite from the Upper Cretaceous of Norfolk, UK, including the lectotype of D. dendrina (encircled). F–G. Close-up of lectotype under incipient and transparent light; the inlet canal is clearly visible. H–I. Three paralectotypes in the same belemnite. J–K. Planar and oblique views of the holotype of junior synonym D. fluensis Hofmann, 1996, illustrating the typical multi-tier occurrence, irregular branching, and meandering galleries; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany. L. Holotype of junior synonym D. crassa Hofmann, 1996, within the morphological range of D. dendrina; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839862/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA799F274CEE24B7FC5BF829" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA799F274CEE24B7FCDFFB16" blockId="15.[189,929,1210,1343]" box="[189,806,1210,1237]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA799F274CEE24B7FCDFFB16" box="[189,806,1210,1237]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274CEE24B7FDAEFB16" author="Morris J." box="[189,599,1210,1237]" page="87" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1851">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA799F274CEE24B7FDAEFB16" authority="Morris, 1851: 87" authorityName="in Morris" authorityPageNumber="87" authorityYear="1851" box="[189,599,1210,1237]" family="Phoronidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="dendrina">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA799F274CEE24B7FE7EFB17" box="[189,391,1210,1236]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Talpina dendrina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274DDD24B7FDAEFB16" author="Morris" box="[398,599,1210,1237]" firstAuthor="Morris" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="85 - 90" refId="ref52331" refString="Morris J. 1851. Palaeontological notes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 2 8: 85 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745486109494965" type="journal article" year="1851">Morris, 1851: 87</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. IV, figs 6b, 7.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA799F274CEE24D3FCDDFB3B" blockId="15.[189,929,1210,1343]" box="[189,804,1245,1272]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA799F274CEE24D3FCDDFB3B" box="[189,804,1245,1272]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274CEE24D3FD89FB3B" author="Hofmann K." box="[189,624,1245,1272]" page="70" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1996">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA799F274CEE24D3FD89FB3B" authority="Hofmann, 1996: 70" authorityName="Hofmann" authorityPageNumber="70" authorityYear="1996" box="[189,624,1245,1272]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="crassa">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA799F274CEE24D3FE7BFB34" box="[189,386,1246,1272]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dendrina crassa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274DDA24D3FD89FB3B" author="Hofmann" box="[393,624,1245,1272]" firstAuthor="Hofmann" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 151" refId="ref51480" refString="Hofmann K. 1996. Die mikro-endolithischen Spurenfossilien der borealen Oberkreide Nordwest- Europas und ihre Faziesbeziehungen. Geologisches Jahrbuch, Serie A 136: 1 - 151." type="journal article" year="1996">Hofmann, 1996: 70</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 5, 
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA799F274EEC24D3FCD9FB3B" box="[703,800,1246,1272]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStartId-0="5.[189,232,1864,1890]" captionStartId-1="16.[189,232,1576,1602]" captionStartId-2="19.[189,232,1329,1355]" captionStartId-3="21.[189,232,1823,1849]" captionTargetBox-1="[227,1360,264,1538]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1401,267,1277]" captionTargetBox-3="[189,1401,1002,1799]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[189,1383,265,2019]" captionTargetId-1="figure@16.[227,1360,231,1538]" captionTargetId-2="figure@19.[189,1401,246,1277]" captionTargetId-3="figure@21.[189,1401,1002,1799]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionTargetPageId-3="21" captionText-0="Fig. 1 (page 7). Morphological characters of dendrinid microborings with respect to overall shape and symmetry of the trace, its vertical profile, openings to the substrate surface, orientation of entrance tunnel (where present), branching pattern and surface texture (in order of decreasing relevance as ichnotaxobase)." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Dendrina dendrina (Morris, 1851) comb. nov. A. Original illustration of belemnite with various traces, including D. dendrina (arrows; reproduced from Quenstedt 1849: pl. 30, fig. 36); provenance unresolved. B. Original amalgam, including D. dendrina (arrows and label “d”; reproduced from Quenstedt 1885: pl. 38, fig. 39). C. Re-illustration of original Quenstedt Dendrina (reproduced from Plewes 1996: pl. 22, fig. 5). D. Original illustrations of Talpina dendrina (= D. dendrina; reproduced from Morris 1851: pl. IV, figs 4–7; 5 = Talpina ramosa; 6a = Trypanites solitarius). E. Morris’ original belemnite from the Upper Cretaceous of Norfolk, UK, including the lectotype of D. dendrina (encircled). F–G. Close-up of lectotype under incipient and transparent light; the inlet canal is clearly visible. H–I. Three paralectotypes in the same belemnite. J–K. Planar and oblique views of the holotype of junior synonym D. fluensis Hofmann, 1996, illustrating the typical multi-tier occurrence, irregular branching, and meandering galleries; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany. L. Holotype of junior synonym D. crassa Hofmann, 1996, within the morphological range of D. dendrina; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany." captionText-2="Fig. 3. Dendrina belemniticola Mägdefrau, 1937. A. Original illustration of belemnite with various traces including D. belemniticola (arrow; reproduced from Quenstedt 1849: pl. 30, fig. 36); provenance unresolved. B. Original amalgam, including D. belemniticola (arrow; reproduced from Quenstedt 1885: pl. 38, fig. 39). C. Re-illustration of original Quenstedt Dendrina (reproduced from Plewes 1996: pl. 22, fig. 3); inlet tunnel roughly at 11h in this and the following four sub-figures. D. Lectotype of D. belemniticola in an upper Senonian belemnite from Rosenthal near Peine, Germany (compare to Mägdefrau 1937: pl. IV, fig. 1). E. Holotype of junior synonym D. orbiculata Hofmann, 1996. SEM of epoxy cast of an upper Campanian belemnite from Lüneburg, Germany. F. Paratype of junior synonym D. constans Hofmann, 1996. SEM of epoxy cast of a lower Maastrichtian belemnite from Lüneburg, Germany. G. Holotype of junior synonym D. constans. SEM of epoxy cast of a lower Maastrichtian belemnite from Lüneburg, Germany. E–G illustrate the morphological range of D. belemniticola from almost completely fused radiating galleries, to partially fused galleries forming anastomoses, to rarely fused radiating galleries. H. Detail of partly obscured inlet tunnel connecting to centre of a paratype of junior synonym D. orbiculata. SEM of epoxy cast of an Upper Cretaceous belemnite from Lüneburg, Germany. I. Rarely observed overlap of D. belemniticola in a lower Maastrichtian belemnite from Rügen, Germany. J. Specimen of D. belemniticola (left) next to a D. dendrina (right) at the very tip of a lower Campanian belemnite from Höver, Germany." captionText-3="Fig. 4. Dendrina lacerata Hofmann, 1996. A. SEM of holotype in an epoxy cast of an upper Campanian belemnite from Misburg, Germany. B. Paratype on the same cast as the holotype. C. Several paratypes in the periphery of a Calcideletrix anomala from the type locality. D. Oblique view of a specimen in a belemnite from the upper Campanian of Kronsmoor, Germany, illustrating a tubular inlet tunnel on the left and peripheral connections to the substrate surface on the right. E. Surface view of a solitary specimen with inlet canal in a belemnite from the upper Campanian of Misburg, Germany." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839860" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839862" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839864" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839866" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3839860/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3839862/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3839864/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3839866/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">figs 1–4</figureCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA799F274CEE250CFCC9FAD8" blockId="15.[189,929,1210,1343]" box="[189,816,1281,1307]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA799F274CEE250CFCC9FAD8" box="[189,816,1281,1307]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274CEE250CFD85FAD8" author="Hofmann K." box="[189,636,1281,1307]" page="72" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1996">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA799F274CEE250CFD85FAD8" authority="Hofmann, 1996: 72" authorityName="Hofmann" authorityPageNumber="72" authorityYear="1996" box="[189,636,1281,1307]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="fluensis">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA799F274CEE250CFE74FAD8" box="[189,397,1281,1307]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dendrina fluensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274DC7250CFD85FAD8" author="Hofmann" box="[404,636,1281,1307]" firstAuthor="Hofmann" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 151" refId="ref51480" refString="Hofmann K. 1996. Die mikro-endolithischen Spurenfossilien der borealen Oberkreide Nordwest- Europas und ihre Faziesbeziehungen. Geologisches Jahrbuch, Serie A 136: 1 - 151." type="journal article" year="1996">Hofmann, 1996: 72</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 6, figs 3–6.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA799F274CEE2529FC58FAFC" blockId="15.[189,929,1210,1343]" box="[189,929,1316,1343]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA799F274CEE2529FDAFFAFD" authority="Hofmann, 1996" authorityName="Hofmann" authorityYear="1996" box="[189,598,1316,1342]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="lacerata">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA799F274CEE2529FE6EFAFD" box="[189,407,1316,1342]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dendrina lacerata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274DCD2529FDAFFAFD" author="Hofmann" box="[414,598,1316,1342]" firstAuthor="Hofmann" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 151" refId="ref51480" refString="Hofmann K. 1996. Die mikro-endolithischen Spurenfossilien der borealen Oberkreide Nordwest- Europas und ihre Faziesbeziehungen. Geologisches Jahrbuch, Serie A 136: 1 - 151." type="journal article" year="1996">Hofmann, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(partim): 78, pl. 8, figs 5–6.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA799F274CEE255BFE12FA19" blockId="15.[189,1399,1366,2026]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA799F274CEE255BFE12FA19" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA799F274CEE255BFED4FAB3" authorityName="Quenstedt" authorityYear="1849" box="[189,301,1366,1392]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA799F274CEE255BFED4FAB3" box="[189,301,1366,1392]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dendrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274D06255BFDEAFAB3" box="[341,531,1366,1392]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274D06255BFDEAFAB3" author="Quenstedt" box="[341,531,1366,1392]" firstAuthor="Quenstedt" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref52753" refString="Quenstedt F. A. 1849. Petrefaktenkunde Deutschlands - Die Cephalopoden. Ludwig Friedrich Fues, Tubingen, Germany." type="book" year="1849">Quenstedt 1849</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): 470, pl. 30, figs 36 (upper three dendrinids), 37 (upper two dendrinids); 1885 (partim): 496, pl. 38, fig. 39 (individuals labelled “d”). — 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F2748FE2574FA8EFA57" box="[1197,1399,1401,1428]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F2748FE2574FA8EFA57" author="Radwanski" box="[1197,1399,1401,1428]" firstAuthor="Radwanski" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="257 - 264" refId="ref52912" refString="Radwanski A. 1972. Remarks on the nature of belemnicolid borings Dendrina. Acta Geologica Polonica 22: 257 - 264." type="journal article" year="1972">Radwański 1972</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): 257, 
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA799F274DC82590FE06FA74" box="[411,511,1437,1463]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStartId-0="5.[189,232,1864,1890]" captionStartId-1="16.[189,232,1576,1602]" captionStartId-2="19.[189,232,1329,1355]" captionStartId-3="21.[189,232,1823,1849]" captionTargetBox-1="[227,1360,264,1538]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1401,267,1277]" captionTargetBox-3="[189,1401,1002,1799]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[189,1383,265,2019]" captionTargetId-1="figure@16.[227,1360,231,1538]" captionTargetId-2="figure@19.[189,1401,246,1277]" captionTargetId-3="figure@21.[189,1401,1002,1799]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionTargetPageId-3="21" captionText-0="Fig. 1 (page 7). Morphological characters of dendrinid microborings with respect to overall shape and symmetry of the trace, its vertical profile, openings to the substrate surface, orientation of entrance tunnel (where present), branching pattern and surface texture (in order of decreasing relevance as ichnotaxobase)." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Dendrina dendrina (Morris, 1851) comb. nov. A. Original illustration of belemnite with various traces, including D. dendrina (arrows; reproduced from Quenstedt 1849: pl. 30, fig. 36); provenance unresolved. B. Original amalgam, including D. dendrina (arrows and label “d”; reproduced from Quenstedt 1885: pl. 38, fig. 39). C. Re-illustration of original Quenstedt Dendrina (reproduced from Plewes 1996: pl. 22, fig. 5). D. Original illustrations of Talpina dendrina (= D. dendrina; reproduced from Morris 1851: pl. IV, figs 4–7; 5 = Talpina ramosa; 6a = Trypanites solitarius). E. Morris’ original belemnite from the Upper Cretaceous of Norfolk, UK, including the lectotype of D. dendrina (encircled). F–G. Close-up of lectotype under incipient and transparent light; the inlet canal is clearly visible. H–I. Three paralectotypes in the same belemnite. J–K. Planar and oblique views of the holotype of junior synonym D. fluensis Hofmann, 1996, illustrating the typical multi-tier occurrence, irregular branching, and meandering galleries; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany. L. Holotype of junior synonym D. crassa Hofmann, 1996, within the morphological range of D. dendrina; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany." captionText-2="Fig. 3. Dendrina belemniticola Mägdefrau, 1937. A. Original illustration of belemnite with various traces including D. belemniticola (arrow; reproduced from Quenstedt 1849: pl. 30, fig. 36); provenance unresolved. B. Original amalgam, including D. belemniticola (arrow; reproduced from Quenstedt 1885: pl. 38, fig. 39). C. Re-illustration of original Quenstedt Dendrina (reproduced from Plewes 1996: pl. 22, fig. 3); inlet tunnel roughly at 11h in this and the following four sub-figures. D. Lectotype of D. belemniticola in an upper Senonian belemnite from Rosenthal near Peine, Germany (compare to Mägdefrau 1937: pl. IV, fig. 1). E. Holotype of junior synonym D. orbiculata Hofmann, 1996. SEM of epoxy cast of an upper Campanian belemnite from Lüneburg, Germany. F. Paratype of junior synonym D. constans Hofmann, 1996. SEM of epoxy cast of a lower Maastrichtian belemnite from Lüneburg, Germany. G. Holotype of junior synonym D. constans. SEM of epoxy cast of a lower Maastrichtian belemnite from Lüneburg, Germany. E–G illustrate the morphological range of D. belemniticola from almost completely fused radiating galleries, to partially fused galleries forming anastomoses, to rarely fused radiating galleries. H. Detail of partly obscured inlet tunnel connecting to centre of a paratype of junior synonym D. orbiculata. SEM of epoxy cast of an Upper Cretaceous belemnite from Lüneburg, Germany. I. Rarely observed overlap of D. belemniticola in a lower Maastrichtian belemnite from Rügen, Germany. J. Specimen of D. belemniticola (left) next to a D. dendrina (right) at the very tip of a lower Campanian belemnite from Höver, Germany." captionText-3="Fig. 4. Dendrina lacerata Hofmann, 1996. A. SEM of holotype in an epoxy cast of an upper Campanian belemnite from Misburg, Germany. B. Paratype on the same cast as the holotype. C. Several paratypes in the periphery of a Calcideletrix anomala from the type locality. D. Oblique view of a specimen in a belemnite from the upper Campanian of Kronsmoor, Germany, illustrating a tubular inlet tunnel on the left and peripheral connections to the substrate surface on the right. E. Surface view of a solitary specimen with inlet canal in a belemnite from the upper Campanian of Misburg, Germany." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839860" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839862" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839864" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839866" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3839860/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3839862/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3839864/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3839866/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">figs 1–4</figureCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274E652590FCAAFA74" box="[566,851,1437,1463]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274E652590FCAAFA74" author="Hillmer &amp; Schulz" box="[566,851,1437,1463]" firstAuthor="Hillmer" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="5 - 24" refId="ref51435" refString="Hillmer G. &amp; Schulz M. 1973. Ableitung der Biologie und Okologie eines Polychaeten der Oberkreide durch Analyse des Bohrganges Ramosulcichnus biforans (Gripp) nov. ichnogen. Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Palaontologischen Institut der Universitat Hamburg 42: 5 - 24." type="journal article" year="1973">Hillmer &amp; Schulz 1973</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): pl. 1, 
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA799F27484A2590FB84FA74" box="[1049,1149,1437,1463]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="5.[189,232,1864,1890]" captionStartId-1="16.[189,232,1576,1602]" captionTargetBox-1="[227,1360,264,1538]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[189,1383,265,2019]" captionTargetId-1="figure@16.[227,1360,231,1538]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="Fig. 1 (page 7). Morphological characters of dendrinid microborings with respect to overall shape and symmetry of the trace, its vertical profile, openings to the substrate surface, orientation of entrance tunnel (where present), branching pattern and surface texture (in order of decreasing relevance as ichnotaxobase)." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Dendrina dendrina (Morris, 1851) comb. nov. A. Original illustration of belemnite with various traces, including D. dendrina (arrows; reproduced from Quenstedt 1849: pl. 30, fig. 36); provenance unresolved. B. Original amalgam, including D. dendrina (arrows and label “d”; reproduced from Quenstedt 1885: pl. 38, fig. 39). C. Re-illustration of original Quenstedt Dendrina (reproduced from Plewes 1996: pl. 22, fig. 5). D. Original illustrations of Talpina dendrina (= D. dendrina; reproduced from Morris 1851: pl. IV, figs 4–7; 5 = Talpina ramosa; 6a = Trypanites solitarius). E. Morris’ original belemnite from the Upper Cretaceous of Norfolk, UK, including the lectotype of D. dendrina (encircled). F–G. Close-up of lectotype under incipient and transparent light; the inlet canal is clearly visible. H–I. Three paralectotypes in the same belemnite. J–K. Planar and oblique views of the holotype of junior synonym D. fluensis Hofmann, 1996, illustrating the typical multi-tier occurrence, irregular branching, and meandering galleries; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany. L. Holotype of junior synonym D. crassa Hofmann, 1996, within the morphological range of D. dendrina; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839860" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839862" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3839860/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3839862/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">figs 1–2</figureCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F2748E72590FA8EFA7B" box="[1204,1399,1437,1464]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F2748E72590FA8EFA7B" author="Whittlesea" box="[1204,1399,1437,1464]" firstAuthor="Whittlesea" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="15 - 23" refId="ref54631" refString="Whittlesea P. S. 2005. First record of phragmocone and alveolar cavity of the chalk belemnite Gonioteuthis. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Norfolk 54: 15 - 23." type="journal article" year="2005">Whittlesea 2005</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): 18, 
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA799F274DD525CDFE3EFA19" box="[390,455,1472,1498]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1864,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[189,1383,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1 (page 7). Morphological characters of dendrinid microborings with respect to overall shape and symmetry of the trace, its vertical profile, openings to the substrate surface, orientation of entrance tunnel (where present), branching pattern and surface texture (in order of decreasing relevance as ichnotaxobase)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839860/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">figs 1</figureCitation>
, 3.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA799F274CEE25EEFDCDF9E3" blockId="15.[189,1399,1366,2026]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Without name – 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274DD025EEFDD9FA3E" author="Dacque" box="[387,544,1507,1533]" firstAuthor="Dacque" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref50003" refString="Dacque E. 1921. Vergleichende biologische Formenkunde der fossilen niederen Tiere. Borntraeger, Berlin." type="book" year="1921">Dacqué 1921</bibRefCitation>
(partim): 457, fig. 214 (reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F27485C25EEFB34FA3E" author="Quenstedt" box="[1039,1229,1507,1533]" firstAuthor="Quenstedt" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref52753" refString="Quenstedt F. A. 1849. Petrefaktenkunde Deutschlands - Die Cephalopoden. Ludwig Friedrich Fues, Tubingen, Germany." type="book" year="1849">Quenstedt 1849</bibRefCitation>
). — 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F27495B25EEFE1DF9E2" author="Gravesen &amp; Jakobsen" firstAuthor="Gravesen" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref51157" refString="Gravesen P. &amp; Jakobsen S. L. 2011. Skrivekridtets Fossiler. Gyldendahl A / S, Copenhagen." type="book" year="2011">Gravesen &amp; Jakobsen 2011: 77</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA799F274CEE2627FCCBF987" blockId="15.[189,1399,1366,2026]" box="[189,818,1577,1604]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA799F274CEE2627FCCBF987" box="[189,818,1577,1604]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA799F274CEE2627FE7EF987" authorityName="in Morris" authorityYear="1851" box="[189,391,1578,1604]" family="Phoronidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="dendrina">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA799F274CEE2627FE7EF987" box="[189,391,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Talpina dendrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274DF72624FD9AF987" author="Voigt E." box="[420,611,1577,1604]" page="122" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274DF72624FD9AF987" author="Voigt" box="[420,611,1577,1604]" firstAuthor="Voigt" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref54435" refString="Voigt E. 1929. Die Lithogenese der Flach- und Tiefwassersedimente des jungeren Oberkreidemeeres, eine Parallelisierung orogenetisch bedingter Ablagerungsverhaltnisse am Harzrand in Sudschweden und im preussisch-hollandischen Grenzgebiet. Jahrbuch des Halleschen Verbandes fur die Erforschung der mitteldeutschen Bodenschatze und ihrer Verwertung 8: 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1929">Voigt 1929: 122</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. IV, figs 9–10.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA799F274CEE2640FA91F843" blockId="15.[189,1399,1366,2026]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA799F274CEE2640FA9DF843" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA799F274CEE2640FE20F9A4" authorityName="in Magdefrau" authorityYear="1937" box="[189,473,1613,1639]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="belemniticola">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA799F274CEE2640FE20F9A4" box="[189,473,1613,1639]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dendrina belemniticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274DAD2640FD3CF9A4" box="[510,709,1613,1639]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274DAD2640FD3CF9A4" author="Magdefrau" box="[510,709,1613,1639]" firstAuthor="Magdefrau" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="54 - 67" refId="ref52207" refString="Magdefrau K. 1937. Lebensspuren fossiler &quot; Bohr &quot; - Organismen. Beitrage zur naturkundlichen Forschung in Sudwestdeutschland 2: 54 - 67." type="journal article" year="1937">Mägdefrau 1937</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): 55, pl. IV, 
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA799F274F982640FBE9F9A4" box="[971,1040,1613,1639]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1864,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[189,1383,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1 (page 7). Morphological characters of dendrinid microborings with respect to overall shape and symmetry of the trace, its vertical profile, openings to the substrate surface, orientation of entrance tunnel (where present), branching pattern and surface texture (in order of decreasing relevance as ichnotaxobase)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839860/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">figs 1</figureCitation>
(bottom individual), 6, 8. — 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274CB9267DFE4BF949" box="[234,434,1648,1674]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274CB9267DFE4BF949" author="Hantzschel" box="[234,434,1648,1674]" firstAuthor="Hantzschel" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="177 - 245" refId="ref51308" refString="Hantzschel W. 1962. Trace fossils and problematica. In: Moore R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part W - Miscellanea: W 177 - 245. University of Kansas Press, Lawrence." type="book chapter" year="1962">Häntzschel 1962</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): W230, fig. 144-2 (reproduced from 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274FB5267DFB49F949" box="[998,1200,1648,1674]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274FB5267DFB49F949" author="Magdefrau" box="[998,1200,1648,1674]" firstAuthor="Magdefrau" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="54 - 67" refId="ref52207" refString="Magdefrau K. 1937. Lebensspuren fossiler &quot; Bohr &quot; - Organismen. Beitrage zur naturkundlichen Forschung in Sudwestdeutschland 2: 54 - 67." type="journal article" year="1937">Mägdefrau 1937</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F27489A267DFAFDF948" box="[1225,1284,1648,1675]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F27489A267DFAFDF948" box="[1225,1284,1648,1675]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): W127, fig. 78-7 (reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274EF2269EFC96F96E" author="Magdefrau" box="[673,879,1683,1709]" firstAuthor="Magdefrau" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="54 - 67" refId="ref52207" refString="Magdefrau K. 1937. Lebensspuren fossiler &quot; Bohr &quot; - Organismen. Beitrage zur naturkundlichen Forschung in Sudwestdeutschland 2: 54 - 67." type="journal article" year="1937">Mägdefrau 1937</bibRefCitation>
). — 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274FE6269EFB59F96D" author="Pugaczewska" box="[949,1184,1683,1710]" firstAuthor="Pugaczewska" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="73 - 95" refId="ref52695" refString="Pugaczewska H. 1965. Les organismes sedentaires sur les rostres des belemnites du Cretace superieur. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 10: 73 - 95." type="journal article" year="1965">Pugaczewska 1965</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 1, fig. 2. — 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274CB926BBFE86F913" author="Nadjin" box="[234,383,1718,1744]" firstAuthor="Nadjin" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref52382" refString="Nadjin D. P. 1969. Morfologia i Paleobiologia Verkhnemelovykh Belemnitov. Moscow." type="book" year="1969">Nadjin 1969</bibRefCitation>
(partim): 138, fig. 53 (reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274F3526BBFBDDF913" author="Quenstedt" box="[870,1060,1718,1744]" firstAuthor="Quenstedt" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref52753" refString="Quenstedt F. A. 1849. Petrefaktenkunde Deutschlands - Die Cephalopoden. Ludwig Friedrich Fues, Tubingen, Germany." type="book" year="1849">Quenstedt 1849</bibRefCitation>
), pl. III, fig. 7, pl. IV, 
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA799F27496726BBFA8EF913" box="[1332,1399,1718,1744]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1864,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[189,1383,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1 (page 7). Morphological characters of dendrinid microborings with respect to overall shape and symmetry of the trace, its vertical profile, openings to the substrate surface, orientation of entrance tunnel (where present), branching pattern and surface texture (in order of decreasing relevance as ichnotaxobase)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839860/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">figs 1</figureCitation>
(bottom trace), 6, 8 (reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274EFB26D4FC96F937" author="Magdefrau" box="[680,879,1753,1780]" firstAuthor="Magdefrau" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="54 - 67" refId="ref52207" refString="Magdefrau K. 1937. Lebensspuren fossiler &quot; Bohr &quot; - Organismen. Beitrage zur naturkundlichen Forschung in Sudwestdeutschland 2: 54 - 67." type="journal article" year="1937">Mägdefrau 1937</bibRefCitation>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274FF426D4FBD1F937" box="[935,1064,1753,1780]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274FF426D4FBD1F937" author="Voigt" box="[935,1064,1753,1780]" firstAuthor="Voigt" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="93 - 126" refId="ref54483" refString="Voigt E. 1972. Uber Talpina ramosa v. Hagenow 1840, ein wahrscheinlich zu den Phoronidea gehoriger Bohrorganismus aus der Oberen Kreide, nebst Bemerkungen zu den ubrigen bisher beschriebenen kretazischen &quot; Talpina &quot; - Arten. Nachrichten der Akademie der Wissenschaften II, Mathematischphysikalische Klasse 7: 93 - 126." type="journal article" year="1972">Voigt 1972</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): 95, pl. 1, figs 3a–c (reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274DED26F0FD80F8D4" author="Quenstedt" box="[446,633,1789,1815]" firstAuthor="Quenstedt" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref52753" refString="Quenstedt F. A. 1849. Petrefaktenkunde Deutschlands - Die Cephalopoden. Ludwig Friedrich Fues, Tubingen, Germany." type="book" year="1849">Quenstedt 1849</bibRefCitation>
), pl. 2, 
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA799F274E9D26F0FCE5F8D4" box="[718,796,1789,1815]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1864,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[189,1383,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1 (page 7). Morphological characters of dendrinid microborings with respect to overall shape and symmetry of the trace, its vertical profile, openings to the substrate surface, orientation of entrance tunnel (where present), branching pattern and surface texture (in order of decreasing relevance as ichnotaxobase)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839860/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">figs 1c</figureCitation>
, 2–3c, 6d (
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA799F274FC826F0FC1EF8D4" box="[923,999,1789,1815]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1864,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[189,1383,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1 (page 7). Morphological characters of dendrinid microborings with respect to overall shape and symmetry of the trace, its vertical profile, openings to the substrate surface, orientation of entrance tunnel (where present), branching pattern and surface texture (in order of decreasing relevance as ichnotaxobase)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839860/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">fig. 1d</figureCitation>
reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F2748E426F0FA88F8D4" author="Quenstedt" box="[1207,1393,1789,1815]" firstAuthor="Quenstedt" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref52753" refString="Quenstedt F. A. 1849. Petrefaktenkunde Deutschlands - Die Cephalopoden. Ludwig Friedrich Fues, Tubingen, Germany." type="book" year="1849">Quenstedt 1849</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 4 reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274DAD272DFD45F8F8" author="Quenstedt" box="[510,700,1824,1851]" firstAuthor="Quenstedt" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref52774" refString="Quenstedt F. A. 1885 Handbuch der Petrefaktenkunde. Verlag der H. Laupp'schen Buchhandlung, Tubingen." type="book" year="1885">Quenstedt 1885</bibRefCitation>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274EA4272DFC5CF8F9" box="[759,933,1824,1850]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274EA4272DFC5CF8F9" author="Kutscher" box="[759,933,1824,1850]" firstAuthor="Kutscher" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="26 - 34" refId="ref52074" refString="Kutscher M. 1972. Fossile Lebensspuren in der weissen Schreibkreide (Unter-Maastricht) der Insel Rugen. Aufschluss 23: 26 - 34." type="journal article" year="1972">Kutscher 1972</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): 27, figs 3–5. — 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F27488C272DFA8EF8F8" box="[1247,1399,1824,1851]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F27488C272DFA8EF8F8" author="Nestler" box="[1247,1399,1824,1851]" firstAuthor="Nestler" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref52397" refString="Nestler H. 1975. Die Fossilien der Rugener Schreibkreide. Die neue Brehm Bucherei 486. Ziemsen, Wittenberg Lutherstadt." type="book" year="1975">Nestler 1975</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): 108, fig. 159b reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274E92274EFC85F89E" author="Quenstedt" box="[705,892,1859,1885]" firstAuthor="Quenstedt" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref52753" refString="Quenstedt F. A. 1849. Petrefaktenkunde Deutschlands - Die Cephalopoden. Ludwig Friedrich Fues, Tubingen, Germany." type="book" year="1849">Quenstedt 1849</bibRefCitation>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274FE3274EFBB7F89E" box="[944,1102,1859,1885]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274FE3274EFBB7F89E" author="Schnick" box="[944,1102,1859,1885]" firstAuthor="Schnick" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="109 - 124" refId="ref53173" refString="Schnick H. 1992. Zum Vorkommen der Bohrspur Hyellomorpha microdendritica Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett im oberen Obermaastricht Mittelpolens. Zeitschrift fur Geologische Wissenschaften 20: 109 - 124." type="journal article" year="1992">Schnick 1992</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): 112, pl. 3, fig. 4, pl. 4, fig. 5. — 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274DCE276BFD65F843" box="[413,668,1894,1921]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274DCE276BFD65F843" author="Girod &amp; Rosner" box="[413,668,1894,1921]" firstAuthor="Girod" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="280 - 288" refId="ref50877" refString="Girod P. &amp; Rosner T. 2013. Spurenfossilien (Ichnofossilien). In: Arbeitskreis Palaontologie Hannover (eds) Fossilien aus dem Campan von Hannover: 280 - 288. Arbeitskreis Palaontologie Hannover, Hannover." type="book chapter" year="2013">Girod &amp; Rösner 2013</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): 280, fig. 12. — 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274F9F276BFB8AF843" box="[972,1139,1894,1920]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274F9F276BFB8AF843" author="Rudolph" box="[972,1139,1894,1920]" firstAuthor="Rudolph" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="3 - 24" refId="ref53065" refString="Rudolph F. 2014. &quot; Nur &quot; Donnerkeile. Der Geschiebesammler 47: 3 - 24." type="journal article" year="2014">Rudolph 2014</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): 18, fig. 23
</treatmentCitationGroup>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA799F274CEE2787FC50F867" blockId="15.[189,1399,1366,2026]" box="[189,937,1929,1956]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Rosetten-Form A – 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274DF72784FDA0F860" author="Hofmann" box="[420,601,1929,1955]" firstAuthor="Hofmann" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 151" refId="ref51480" refString="Hofmann K. 1996. Die mikro-endolithischen Spurenfossilien der borealen Oberkreide Nordwest- Europas und ihre Faziesbeziehungen. Geologisches Jahrbuch, Serie A 136: 1 - 151." type="journal article" year="1996">Hofmann 1996</bibRefCitation>
: (partim;?) 83, pl. 10, fig. 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA799F274CEE27A0FBE6F804" blockId="15.[189,1399,1366,2026]" box="[189,1055,1965,1992]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA799F274CEE27A0FBE6F804" box="[189,1055,1965,1992]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA799F274CEE27A0FE57F804" authorityName="Plewes" authorityYear="1996" box="[189,430,1965,1991]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ordoplana">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA799F274CEE27A0FE57F804" box="[189,430,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dendrina ordoplana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274D9827A0FD66F804" author="Plewes C. R." box="[459,671,1965,1991]" page="166" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274D9827A0FD66F804" author="Plewes" box="[459,671,1965,1991]" firstAuthor="Plewes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref52551" refString="Plewes C. R. 1996. Ichnotaxonomic Studies of Jurassic Endoliths. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Wales, Aberystwyth, UK." type="book" year="1996">Plewes 1996: 166</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 22, figs 5–8, pl. 23, 
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA799F274FE927A0FBE2F804" box="[954,1051,1965,1991]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStart-5="Fig" captionStart-6="Fig" captionStartId-0="5.[189,232,1864,1890]" captionStartId-1="16.[189,232,1576,1602]" captionStartId-2="19.[189,232,1329,1355]" captionStartId-3="21.[189,232,1823,1849]" captionStartId-4="25.[189,232,1718,1744]" captionStartId-5="27.[189,232,1649,1675]" captionStartId-6="28.[190,233,1859,1885]" captionTargetBox-1="[227,1360,264,1538]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1401,267,1277]" captionTargetBox-3="[189,1401,1002,1799]" captionTargetBox-4="[189,1401,995,1672]" captionTargetBox-5="[189,1401,962,1622]" captionTargetBox-6="[190,1402,1182,1833]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[189,1383,265,2019]" captionTargetId-1="figure@16.[227,1360,231,1538]" captionTargetId-2="figure@19.[189,1401,246,1277]" captionTargetId-3="figure@21.[189,1401,1002,1799]" captionTargetId-4="figure@25.[189,1401,995,1672]" captionTargetId-5="figure@27.[189,1401,962,1622]" captionTargetId-6="figure@28.[190,1402,1182,1833]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionTargetPageId-3="21" captionTargetPageId-4="25" captionTargetPageId-5="27" captionTargetPageId-6="28" captionText-0="Fig. 1 (page 7). Morphological characters of dendrinid microborings with respect to overall shape and symmetry of the trace, its vertical profile, openings to the substrate surface, orientation of entrance tunnel (where present), branching pattern and surface texture (in order of decreasing relevance as ichnotaxobase)." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Dendrina dendrina (Morris, 1851) comb. nov. A. Original illustration of belemnite with various traces, including D. dendrina (arrows; reproduced from Quenstedt 1849: pl. 30, fig. 36); provenance unresolved. B. Original amalgam, including D. dendrina (arrows and label “d”; reproduced from Quenstedt 1885: pl. 38, fig. 39). C. Re-illustration of original Quenstedt Dendrina (reproduced from Plewes 1996: pl. 22, fig. 5). D. Original illustrations of Talpina dendrina (= D. dendrina; reproduced from Morris 1851: pl. IV, figs 4–7; 5 = Talpina ramosa; 6a = Trypanites solitarius). E. Morris’ original belemnite from the Upper Cretaceous of Norfolk, UK, including the lectotype of D. dendrina (encircled). F–G. Close-up of lectotype under incipient and transparent light; the inlet canal is clearly visible. H–I. Three paralectotypes in the same belemnite. J–K. Planar and oblique views of the holotype of junior synonym D. fluensis Hofmann, 1996, illustrating the typical multi-tier occurrence, irregular branching, and meandering galleries; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany. L. Holotype of junior synonym D. crassa Hofmann, 1996, within the morphological range of D. dendrina; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany." captionText-2="Fig. 3. Dendrina belemniticola Mägdefrau, 1937. A. Original illustration of belemnite with various traces including D. belemniticola (arrow; reproduced from Quenstedt 1849: pl. 30, fig. 36); provenance unresolved. B. Original amalgam, including D. belemniticola (arrow; reproduced from Quenstedt 1885: pl. 38, fig. 39). C. Re-illustration of original Quenstedt Dendrina (reproduced from Plewes 1996: pl. 22, fig. 3); inlet tunnel roughly at 11h in this and the following four sub-figures. D. Lectotype of D. belemniticola in an upper Senonian belemnite from Rosenthal near Peine, Germany (compare to Mägdefrau 1937: pl. IV, fig. 1). E. Holotype of junior synonym D. orbiculata Hofmann, 1996. SEM of epoxy cast of an upper Campanian belemnite from Lüneburg, Germany. F. Paratype of junior synonym D. constans Hofmann, 1996. SEM of epoxy cast of a lower Maastrichtian belemnite from Lüneburg, Germany. G. Holotype of junior synonym D. constans. SEM of epoxy cast of a lower Maastrichtian belemnite from Lüneburg, Germany. E–G illustrate the morphological range of D. belemniticola from almost completely fused radiating galleries, to partially fused galleries forming anastomoses, to rarely fused radiating galleries. H. Detail of partly obscured inlet tunnel connecting to centre of a paratype of junior synonym D. orbiculata. SEM of epoxy cast of an Upper Cretaceous belemnite from Lüneburg, Germany. I. Rarely observed overlap of D. belemniticola in a lower Maastrichtian belemnite from Rügen, Germany. J. Specimen of D. belemniticola (left) next to a D. dendrina (right) at the very tip of a lower Campanian belemnite from Höver, Germany." captionText-3="Fig. 4. Dendrina lacerata Hofmann, 1996. A. SEM of holotype in an epoxy cast of an upper Campanian belemnite from Misburg, Germany. B. Paratype on the same cast as the holotype. C. Several paratypes in the periphery of a Calcideletrix anomala from the type locality. D. Oblique view of a specimen in a belemnite from the upper Campanian of Kronsmoor, Germany, illustrating a tubular inlet tunnel on the left and peripheral connections to the substrate surface on the right. E. Surface view of a solitary specimen with inlet canal in a belemnite from the upper Campanian of Misburg, Germany." captionText-4="Fig. 5. Clionolithes radicans Clarke, 1908. A. Original illustration of the lectotype from the Devonian of Mansfield, Pennsylvania, USA (reproduced from Clarke 1908: pl. 11, fig. 1). B–C. Overview and close-up of a shell of the brachiopod Atrypa bearing the lectotype and a number of further specimens. D. Holotype of junior synonym Olkenbachia hirsuta Solle, 1938 from the Devonian near Koblenz, Germany, reproduced from Solle (1938: fig. 2). E–F. Overview and SEM close-up of one of the paratypes of junior synonym Olkenbachia hirsuta (compare with Solle 1938: fig. 4)." captionText-5="Fig. 6. Clionolithes palmatus Clarke, 1908. A. Original drawing of the lectotype, a natural cast in a shell of Loxopteria dispar Sandberger &amp; Sandberger, 1857 from the Upper Devonian of New York State, USA (reproduced from Clarke 1908: pl. 12, fig. 1). B. The lectotype in its present state, either slightly damaged or originally idealised. C. Original drawing of the paralectotype, a natural cast in a Loxonema danai Clarke, 1904 from the type locality (reproduced from Clarke 1908: pl. 12, fig. 2). D. Significantly damaged paralectotype. E–F. A number of natural casts in a shell of Leptostrophia Hall &amp; Clarke, 1892 from the Devonian of Victoria, Australia, including the holotype (close-up in F) and several paratypes of junior synonym Clionolithes sollei Talent, 1963 (compare with Talent 1963: pl. 9, figs 3–8). G. SEM of a specimen cast in epoxy resin by Plewes (1996) from the Devonian of Iowa, USA, illustrating the morphological range within one trace, comprising sheet-like fans and galleries terminating in fine ramifications (reproduced from Plewes 1996: pl. 1, fig. 1)." captionText-6="Fig. 7. Clionolithes pannosus (Solle, 1938) comb. nov. A. Holotype preserved as natural cast in a Devonian brachiopod shell from the Mosel Valley near Münstermaifeld, Germany. B–C. SEM overview and close-up of the holotype. D–F. SEM planar view, oblique view and close-up of pyritised and resinembedded holotype of junior synonym Platydendrina platycentrum Vogel et al., 1987 in a shell of Mediospirifer Bublichenko, 1959 from the Middle Devonian of New York State, USA." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839860" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839862" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839864" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839866" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839868" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839870" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839873" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3839860/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3839862/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3839864/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3839866/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/3839868/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/3839870/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/3839873/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">figs 1–7</figureCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA799F274CEE27DDFC5BF829" blockId="15.[189,1399,1366,2026]" box="[189,930,2000,2026]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA799F274CEE27DDFC5BF829" box="[189,930,2000,2026]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
? 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA799F274C9927DDFE1BF829" authorityName="in Magdefrau" authorityYear="1937" box="[202,482,2000,2026]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="belemniticola">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA799F274C9927DDFE1BF829" box="[202,482,2000,2026]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dendrina belemniticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA799F274DAC27DDFCB0F829" author="Hosgor I. &amp; Kost'ak M." box="[511,841,2000,2026]" page="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA799F274DAC27DDFCB0F829" author="Hosgor &amp; Kost'ak" box="[511,841,2000,2026]" firstAuthor="Hosgor" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="35 - 42" refId="ref51571" refString="Hosgor I. &amp; Kost'ak M. 2012. Occurrence of the Late Cretaceous belemnite Belemnitella in the Arabian Plate (Hakkari, SE Turkey) and its palaeogeographic significance. Cretaceous Research 37: 35 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2012.02.014" type="journal article" year="2012">Hoşgör &amp; Košt’ák 2012: 38</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 4I.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="54AE56C6BA669F384CEE2625FA8BF82A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839862" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3839862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839862/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[189,232,1576,1602]" targetBox="[227,1360,264,1538]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA669F384CEE2625FA8BF82A" blockId="16.[189,1399,1576,2026]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384CEE2625FEF3F980" bold="true" box="[189,266,1576,1603]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA669F384D412624FD51F980" authority="dendrina (Morris, 1851)" authorityName="dendrina (Morris" authorityYear="1851" baseAuthorityName="dendrina (Morris" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[274,680,1576,1603]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dendrina" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384D412624FE0AF980" box="[274,499,1577,1603]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Dendrina dendrina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA669F384E502624FD66F980" author="Morris" box="[515,671,1576,1603]" firstAuthor="Morris" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="85 - 90" refId="ref52331" refString="Morris J. 1851. Palaeontological notes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 2 8: 85 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745486109494965" type="journal article" year="1851">Morris, 1851</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29966727BA669F384EFD2624FCC9F980" box="[686,816,1577,1603]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384F642625FCB5F981" bold="true" box="[823,844,1576,1602]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A</emphasis>
. Original illustration of belemnite with various traces, including 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA669F384DD82640FDE5F9A5" authorityName="dendrina (Morris" authorityYear="1851" baseAuthorityName="dendrina (Morris" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[395,540,1612,1638]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dendrina">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384DD82640FDE5F9A5" box="[395,540,1612,1638]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">D. dendrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(arrows; reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA669F384F312641FBDBF9A5" author="Quenstedt" box="[866,1058,1612,1638]" firstAuthor="Quenstedt" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref52753" refString="Quenstedt F. A. 1849. Petrefaktenkunde Deutschlands - Die Cephalopoden. Ludwig Friedrich Fues, Tubingen, Germany." type="book" year="1849">Quenstedt 1849</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 30, fig. 36); provenance unresolved. 
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384D002662FE9EF94A" bold="true" box="[339,359,1647,1673]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B</emphasis>
. Original amalgam, including 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA669F384EB4267DFC82F94A" authorityName="dendrina (Morris" authorityYear="1851" baseAuthorityName="dendrina (Morris" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[743,891,1647,1673]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dendrina">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384EB4267DFC82F94A" box="[743,891,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">D. dendrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(arrows and label “d”; reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA669F384CEE269FFE84F96E" author="Quenstedt" box="[189,381,1682,1709]" firstAuthor="Quenstedt" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref52774" refString="Quenstedt F. A. 1885 Handbuch der Petrefaktenkunde. Verlag der H. Laupp'schen Buchhandlung, Tubingen." type="book" year="1885">Quenstedt 1885</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 38, fig. 39). 
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384E19269FFDA6F96F" bold="true" box="[586,607,1682,1708]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C</emphasis>
. Re-illustration of original Quenstedt 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA669F38487F269FFB65F96F" authorityName="Quenstedt" authorityYear="1849" box="[1068,1180,1682,1708]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F38487F269FFB65F96F" box="[1068,1180,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Dendrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA669F384CEE26B8FEA1F90C" author="Plewes" box="[189,344,1717,1743]" firstAuthor="Plewes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref52551" refString="Plewes C. R. 1996. Ichnotaxonomic Studies of Jurassic Endoliths. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Wales, Aberystwyth, UK." type="book" year="1996">Plewes 1996</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 22, fig. 5). 
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384E4126BBFDDEF913" bold="true" box="[530,551,1718,1744]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">D</emphasis>
. Original illustrations of 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA669F384F0B26B8FBDDF90C" authorityName="in Morris" authorityYear="1851" box="[856,1060,1717,1743]" family="Phoronidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="dendrina">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384F0B26B8FBDDF90C" box="[856,1060,1717,1743]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Talpina dendrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F38480326BBFB10F90C" box="[1104,1257,1717,1743]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA669F38480326BBFB1BF90C" authorityName="in Morris" authorityYear="1851" box="[1104,1250,1717,1743]" family="Phoronidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="dendrina">D. dendrina</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA669F384CAD26D4FE6DF930" author="Morris" box="[254,404,1752,1779]" firstAuthor="Morris" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="85 - 90" refId="ref52331" refString="Morris J. 1851. Palaeontological notes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 2 8: 85 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745486109494965" type="journal article" year="1851">Morris 1851</bibRefCitation>
: pl. IV, figs 4–7; 5 = 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA669F384ED826D4FCBDF930" box="[651,836,1753,1779]" family="Phoronidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="ramosa">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384ED826D4FCBDF930" box="[651,836,1753,1779]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Talpina ramosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 6a = 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA669F384FDC26D7FB78F930" box="[911,1153,1753,1779]" genus="Trypanites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="solitarius">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384FDC26D7FB78F930" box="[911,1153,1753,1779]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Trypanites solitarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F3848C926D4FB57F930" bold="true" box="[1178,1198,1753,1779]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E</emphasis>
. Morris’ original belemnite from the Upper Cretaceous of Norfolk, UK, including the lectotype of 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA669F38480C26F0FB12F8D5" authorityName="in Morris" authorityYear="1851" box="[1119,1259,1788,1814]" family="Phoronidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="dendrina">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F38480C26F0FB12F8D5" box="[1119,1259,1788,1814]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">D. dendrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(encircled). 
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384CEE2712FF0DF8FA" bold="true" box="[189,244,1823,1849]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">F–G</emphasis>
. Close-up of lectotype under incipient and transparent light; the inlet canal is clearly visible. 
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384CEE274FFF17F89F" bold="true" box="[189,238,1858,1884]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">H–I</emphasis>
. Three paralectotypes in the same belemnite. 
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384EAA274FFCD4F89F" bold="true" box="[761,813,1858,1884]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">J–K</emphasis>
. Planar and oblique views of the holotype of junior synonym 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA669F384D63276BFD89F8BC" authority="Hofmann, 1996" authorityName="Hofmann" authorityYear="1996" box="[304,624,1893,1919]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="fluensis">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384D63276BFE54F8BC" box="[304,429,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">D. fluensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA669F384DE62768FD89F8BC" author="Hofmann" box="[437,624,1893,1919]" firstAuthor="Hofmann" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 151" refId="ref51480" refString="Hofmann K. 1996. Die mikro-endolithischen Spurenfossilien der borealen Oberkreide Nordwest- Europas und ihre Faziesbeziehungen. Geologisches Jahrbuch, Serie A 136: 1 - 151." type="journal article" year="1996">Hofmann, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, illustrating the typical multi-tier occurrence, irregular branching, and meandering galleries; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany. 
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384D6527A1FEB3F805" bold="true" box="[310,330,1964,1990]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">L</emphasis>
. Holotype of junior synonym 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA669F384EF827A0FC25F805" authority="Hofmann, 1996" authorityName="Hofmann" authorityYear="1996" box="[683,988,1964,1990]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="crassa">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384EF827A0FCE2F805" box="[683,795,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">D. crassa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA669F384F7127A1FC25F805" author="Hofmann" box="[802,988,1964,1990]" firstAuthor="Hofmann" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 151" refId="ref51480" refString="Hofmann K. 1996. Die mikro-endolithischen Spurenfossilien der borealen Oberkreide Nordwest- Europas und ihre Faziesbeziehungen. Geologisches Jahrbuch, Serie A 136: 1 - 151." type="journal article" year="1996">Hofmann, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, within the morphological range of 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA669F384CEE27DDFEB2F82A" authorityName="in Morris" authorityYear="1851" box="[189,331,1999,2025]" family="Phoronidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="dendrina">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA669F384CEE27DDFEB2F82A" box="[189,331,1999,2025]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">D. dendrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA679F394CEE2104FC48FE3A" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA679F394CEE2104FE5BFEE0" blockId="17.[189,418,265,335]" box="[189,418,265,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="5B26B122BA679F394CEE2104FE5BFEE0" bold="true" box="[189,418,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="3">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394CEE2104FE5BFEE0" bold="true" box="[189,418,265,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Original diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA679F394CEE2138FF19FE8C" blockId="17.[189,418,265,335]" box="[189,224,309,335]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">n/a</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA679F394CEE2163FE56FE4B" blockId="17.[189,1399,366,506]" box="[189,431,366,392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="5B26B122BA679F394CEE2163FE56FE4B" bold="true" box="[189,431,366,392]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="3">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394CEE2163FE56FE4B" bold="true" box="[189,431,366,392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Emended diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA679F394CEE2197FC48FE3A" blockId="17.[189,1399,366,506]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Rosette of irregular to sub-circular outline, with loosely spaced galleries radiating from the centre in meandering fashion, ramifying with widened bi- and trifurcations of various angles, only rarely forming anastomoses. In larger individuals, additional tiers may develop.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA679F394CEE2214FBF8FAD9" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA679F394CEE2214FE43FDF0" blockId="17.[189,1399,537,676]" box="[189,442,537,563]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="5B26B122BA679F394CEE2214FE43FDF0" bold="true" box="[189,442,537,563]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="3">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394CEE2214FE43FDF0" bold="true" box="[189,442,537,563]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Original description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA679F394CEE2249FE1DFD67" blockId="17.[189,1399,537,676]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">This form has a very dendritic appearance, the branches are compressed, closely aggregated, generally arising from a common centre, and diverging in a somewhat radiating manner, variously dichotomous and rarely anastomosing.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA679F394CEE22C9FDE8FD1D" blockId="17.[189,1399,708,1306]" box="[189,529,708,734]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="5B26B122BA679F394CEE22C9FDE8FD1D" bold="true" box="[189,529,708,734]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="3">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394CEE22C9FDE8FD1D" bold="true" box="[189,529,708,734]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Supplementary description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA679F394CEE22E2FBF8FAD9" blockId="17.[189,1399,708,1306]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA679F394CEE22E2FE9CFCC9" author="Plewes" box="[189,357,751,778]" firstAuthor="Plewes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref52551" refString="Plewes C. R. 1996. Ichnotaxonomic Studies of Jurassic Endoliths. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Wales, Aberystwyth, UK." type="book" year="1996">Plewes (1996)</bibRefCitation>
provided the following comprehensive description of the junior synonym 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA679F39488222FDFA97FCCA" authorityName="Plewes" authorityYear="1996" box="[1233,1390,751,777]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ordoplana">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F39488222FDFA97FCCA" box="[1233,1390,751,777]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. ordoplana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: “Tiers are visible in hole material through the semi-transparent belemnite, but these are more clearly illustrated in cast material. As individuals increase in size and bore more deeply in a series of tiers, the substrate between the branches becomes lighter in colour due to the borings beneath it. Cast material shows this increase in depth and increased complexity of boring in more detail. Borings begin as a small single tiered rosette which bores parallel to the substrate surface. As the trace becomes larger, the diameter and depth of the boring increases until complex tiered traces result. Up to three tiers of branches have developed in the material cast here. As the boring becomes more extensive there is a concomitant increase in the number of small interconnections with the substrate surface.” Also based on SEM observations of epoxy resin casts, 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA679F394E922421FC7FFB84" author="Hofmann" box="[705,902,1068,1095]" firstAuthor="Hofmann" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 151" refId="ref51480" refString="Hofmann K. 1996. Die mikro-endolithischen Spurenfossilien der borealen Oberkreide Nordwest- Europas und ihre Faziesbeziehungen. Geologisches Jahrbuch, Serie A 136: 1 - 151." type="journal article" year="1996">Hofmann (1996)</bibRefCitation>
provided the complementing information for the junior synonyms 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA679F394D8D245DFDB6FBAA" authorityName="Hofmann" authorityYear="1996" box="[478,591,1104,1129]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="crassa">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394D8D245DFDB6FBAA" box="[478,591,1104,1129]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. crassa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA679F394EDB245DFCFDFBAA" authorityName="Hofmann" authorityYear="1996" box="[648,772,1103,1129]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="fluensis">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394EDB245DFCFDFBAA" box="[648,772,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. fluensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that galleries are oval in cross section (parallel to the substrate surface), have diameters of 
<quantity id="C729ABABBA679F394E2E247FFCCAFB4E" box="[637,819,1138,1165]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="175.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="100.0">100 to 250 µm</quantity>
, branching points may be considerably widened (
<quantity id="C729ABABBA679F394C96249BFE82FB73" box="[197,379,1173,1200]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="450.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="300.0">300 to 600 µm</quantity>
), branching angles range from 30° to 70°, the rosette is developed some 
<quantity id="C729ABABBA679F3948B02498FA8EFB73" box="[1251,1399,1173,1200]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="70.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="50.0">50 to 90 µm</quantity>
below the substrate surface and distal connections to the latter measure 
<quantity id="C729ABABBA679F39484424B5FB55FB10" box="[1047,1196,1208,1235]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="37.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="25.0">25 to 50 µm</quantity>
in diameter. The diameter of the rosette was reported to range from 
<quantity id="C729ABABBA679F394F6224D1FC4DFB35" box="[817,948,1244,1270]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="1.0">1 to 6 mm</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA679F394F9524D1FB9AFB35" author="Plewes" box="[966,1123,1244,1270]" firstAuthor="Plewes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref52551" refString="Plewes C. R. 1996. Ichnotaxonomic Studies of Jurassic Endoliths. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Wales, Aberystwyth, UK." type="book" year="1996">Plewes 1996</bibRefCitation>
, measured from plates 22–23; 
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA679F394D4524F2FE30FADA" author="Hofmann" box="[278,457,1279,1305]" firstAuthor="Hofmann" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 151" refId="ref51480" refString="Hofmann K. 1996. Die mikro-endolithischen Spurenfossilien der borealen Oberkreide Nordwest- Europas und ihre Faziesbeziehungen. Geologisches Jahrbuch, Serie A 136: 1 - 151." type="journal article" year="1996">Hofmann 1996</bibRefCitation>
, for junior synonyms 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA679F394E99250DFCC2FADA" authorityName="Hofmann" authorityYear="1996" box="[714,827,1280,1305]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="crassa">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394E99250DFCC2FADA" box="[714,827,1280,1305]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. crassa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA679F394F27250DFC09FADA" authorityName="Hofmann" authorityYear="1996" box="[884,1008,1279,1305]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="fluensis">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394F27250DFC09FADA" box="[884,1008,1279,1305]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. fluensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA679F394CEE2534FDA1F91D" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA679F394CEE2534FD8AFA90" blockId="17.[189,1399,1337,1758]" box="[189,627,1337,1363]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="5B26B122BA679F394CEE2534FD8AFA90" bold="true" box="[189,627,1337,1363]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="3">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394CEE2534FD8AFA90" bold="true" box="[189,627,1337,1363]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA679F394CEE2534FF03FA90" box="[189,250,1337,1363]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type</typeStatus>
material, locality and horizon
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA679F394CEE2569FDA1F91D" blockId="17.[189,1399,1337,1758]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
The Morris types are found in a belemnite rostrum (broken in two parts) from the Upper Cretaceous 
<collectingRegion id="C215C8ACBA679F394CEE258AFEE3FA62" box="[189,282,1415,1441]" country="United Kingdom" name="Norfolk" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Norfolk</collectingRegion>
Chalk near Norwich, 
<collectingCountry id="78C646DEBA679F394E71258AFD38FA62" box="[546,705,1415,1441]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
. The type stratum was not further specified by Morris, but the Upper Cretaceous at 
<collectingRegion id="C215C8ACBA679F394DA325A7FDB4FA07" box="[496,589,1450,1476]" country="United Kingdom" name="Norfolk" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Norfolk</collectingRegion>
comprises the Turonian to lower Maastrichtian and the belemnite genus 
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394D5825C0FE66FA24" box="[267,415,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Belemnitella</emphasis>
d’Orbigny, 1840 narrows down the stratigraphical range to the upper Campanian to lower Maastrichtian. The type material is deposited at the Natural History Museum in London (
<collectionCode id="66C09E8BBA679F394C962619FF18F9ED" box="[197,225,1556,1582]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">PI</collectionCode>
A 559). The belemnite contains, apart from many other bioerosion trace fossils, about ten specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA679F394C8E2635FE92F992" authorityName="in Morris" authorityYear="1851" box="[221,363,1591,1617]" family="Phoronidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Phoronida" rank="species" species="dendrina">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394C8E2635FE92F992" box="[221,363,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. dendrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Morris did not designate a 
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA679F394EE4263AFCD8F992" box="[695,801,1591,1617]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, but one of the specimens (
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA679F394830263AFB51F992" box="[1123,1192,1591,1617]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,232,1576,1602]" captionTargetBox="[227,1360,264,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[227,1360,231,1538]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 2. Dendrina dendrina (Morris, 1851) comb. nov. A. Original illustration of belemnite with various traces, including D. dendrina (arrows; reproduced from Quenstedt 1849: pl. 30, fig. 36); provenance unresolved. B. Original amalgam, including D. dendrina (arrows and label “d”; reproduced from Quenstedt 1885: pl. 38, fig. 39). C. Re-illustration of original Quenstedt Dendrina (reproduced from Plewes 1996: pl. 22, fig. 5). D. Original illustrations of Talpina dendrina (= D. dendrina; reproduced from Morris 1851: pl. IV, figs 4–7; 5 = Talpina ramosa; 6a = Trypanites solitarius). E. Morris’ original belemnite from the Upper Cretaceous of Norfolk, UK, including the lectotype of D. dendrina (encircled). F–G. Close-up of lectotype under incipient and transparent light; the inlet canal is clearly visible. H–I. Three paralectotypes in the same belemnite. J–K. Planar and oblique views of the holotype of junior synonym D. fluensis Hofmann, 1996, illustrating the typical multi-tier occurrence, irregular branching, and meandering galleries; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany. L. Holotype of junior synonym D. crassa Hofmann, 1996, within the morphological range of D. dendrina; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839862/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E–G) is encircled with ink and corresponds to the position of trace 6b on figure 6 on the original plate (
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA679F3948842657FA8AF9B6" author="Morris" box="[1239,1395,1626,1653]" firstAuthor="Morris" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="85 - 90" refId="ref52331" refString="Morris J. 1851. Palaeontological notes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 2 8: 85 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745486109494965" type="journal article" year="1851">Morris 1851</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 
<collectionCode id="66C09E8BBA679F394CB62673FEFAF95B" box="[229,259,1662,1688]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">IV</collectionCode>
, fig. 6). Based on this circumstance, and due to this specimen clearly exhibiting the diagnostic inlet tunnel, it is hereby designated as the 
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA679F394EFE26ADFCE5F979" box="[685,796,1696,1722]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, rendering the other specimens (e.g., 
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA679F39488626ADFAE0F978" box="[1237,1305,1696,1723]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,232,1576,1602]" captionTargetBox="[227,1360,264,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[227,1360,231,1538]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 2. Dendrina dendrina (Morris, 1851) comb. nov. A. Original illustration of belemnite with various traces, including D. dendrina (arrows; reproduced from Quenstedt 1849: pl. 30, fig. 36); provenance unresolved. B. Original amalgam, including D. dendrina (arrows and label “d”; reproduced from Quenstedt 1885: pl. 38, fig. 39). C. Re-illustration of original Quenstedt Dendrina (reproduced from Plewes 1996: pl. 22, fig. 5). D. Original illustrations of Talpina dendrina (= D. dendrina; reproduced from Morris 1851: pl. IV, figs 4–7; 5 = Talpina ramosa; 6a = Trypanites solitarius). E. Morris’ original belemnite from the Upper Cretaceous of Norfolk, UK, including the lectotype of D. dendrina (encircled). F–G. Close-up of lectotype under incipient and transparent light; the inlet canal is clearly visible. H–I. Three paralectotypes in the same belemnite. J–K. Planar and oblique views of the holotype of junior synonym D. fluensis Hofmann, 1996, illustrating the typical multi-tier occurrence, irregular branching, and meandering galleries; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany. L. Holotype of junior synonym D. crassa Hofmann, 1996, within the morphological range of D. dendrina; SEM of epoxy cast of a belemnite from the lower Maastrichtian at Kronsmoor, Germany." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839862/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
H–I) on the same belemnite 
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA679F394DF426C9FDADF91D" box="[423,596,1732,1758]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA679F394CEE26F3FAD4F80C" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA679F394CEE26F3FED6F8DB" blockId="17.[189,1399,1790,2000]" box="[189,303,1790,1816]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="5B26B122BA679F394CEE26F3FED6F8DB" bold="true" box="[189,303,1790,1816]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="3">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394CEE26F3FED6F8DB" bold="true" box="[189,303,1790,1816]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA679F394CEE2725FAD4F80C" blockId="17.[189,1399,1790,2000]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA679F394CEE2725FE58F881" authority="dendrina" authorityName="dendrina" box="[189,417,1832,1858]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dendrina">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394CEE2725FE58F881" box="[189,417,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Dendrina dendrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is primarily distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA679F394F7A2724FC16F881" authorityName="in Magdefrau" authorityYear="1937" box="[809,1007,1832,1858]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="belemniticola">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394F7A2724FC16F881" box="[809,1007,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. belemniticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the more irregular outline of the rosette and the more loosely spaced galleries that branch in perpendicular to acute angles and often follow a meandering course. In addition, multiple and interconnected tiers are a common phenomenon in 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA679F394C88279EFE91F86F" authorityName="dendrina (Morris" authorityYear="1851" baseAuthorityName="dendrina (Morris" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[219,360,1938,1964]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dendrina">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394C88279EFE91F86F" box="[219,360,1938,1964]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. dendrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that is only rarely observed in 
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA679F394E82279EFC6DF86F" authorityName="in Magdefrau" authorityYear="1937" box="[721,916,1938,1964]" class="Globothalamea" family="Anomalinidae" genus="Dendrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rotaliida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="belemniticola">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA679F394E82279EFC6DF86F" box="[721,916,1938,1964]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. belemniticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Distinction is complicated in the case of juvenile specimens or mature specimens with a very dense branching and nearly circular outline.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>