229 lines
30 KiB
XML
229 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="C521C5DDF5F64C7E488462AFB1EAFEA9" ID-CLB-Dataset="21907" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.390" ID-GBIF-Dataset="54438cfa-5f3a-4ee3-85c8-00e453a6d641" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3839858" ID-ZooBank="4D1D1CA3-8345-4BA3-9C7C-5EBDD40752CE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="karina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1590155668479" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Wisshak, Max" docDate="2017" docId="8878B758BA589F074D2521B4FDADFAAD" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-390.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 390" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Dictyoporus balani Wisshak 2017, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="7441CF20BA769F284C53200DFFF9FFC3" masterDocTitle="Taming an ichnotaxonomical Pandora’s box: revision of dendritic and rosetted microborings (ichnofamily: Dendrinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1729866214584" updateUser="karina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="9D77BA713A31A0964D40E5BEEEFF8710">Taming an ichnotaxonomical Pandora’s box: revision of dendritic and rosetted microborings (ichnofamily: Dendrinidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ACEF21F9B4A2EC9FD8601302EF603988">Wisshak, Max</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="196806841544A79957BAB52DE532F8C5">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E736EDF85A1A579DF269A900893848A1">
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<mods:date id="226A46D0F986F32256EDF3AEE1AA11B6">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D546FA7EE78E0E2AD5096B4F3374E312">2017-12-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="EAB5851A620919568F6E166EFD42DD0D">390</mods:number>
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<treatment id="8878B758BA589F074D2521B4FDADFAAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3853597" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164249301" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3853597" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8878B758BA589F074D2521B4FDADFAAD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8878B758BA589F074D2521B4FDADFAAD" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA589F064D2521B4FB47FE10" box="[374,1214,441,468]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="006E064EBA589F064D2521B4FB47FE10" blockId="46.[374,1214,441,502]" box="[374,1214,441,468]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<heading id="5B26B122BA589F064D2521B4FB47FE10" box="[374,1214,441,468]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA589F064D2521B4FBCDFE10" authority="(Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic, 1992)" authorityName="Wisshak" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic" baseAuthorityYear="1992" box="[374,1076,441,468]" class="Insecta" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Dictyoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="balani" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F064D2521B4FDA4FE17" bold="true" box="[374,605,441,468]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Dictyoporus balani</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA589F064E3F21B4FBD5FE10" author="Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic" box="[620,1068,441,467]" firstAuthor="Tavernier" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="303 - 310" refId="ref53659" refString="Tavernier A., Campbell S. E. & Golubic S. 1992. A complex marine shallow-water boring trace: Dendrorete balani n. ichnogen. et ichnospec. Lethaia 25: 303 - 310. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1992. tb 01399. x" type="journal article" year="1992">Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic, 1992</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29966727BA589F06486F21B4FB47FE10" box="[1084,1214,441,467]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA589F064EA321D1FCBAFE35" box="[752,835,476,502]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
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<paragraph id="006E064EBA589F064EA321D1FCBAFE35" blockId="46.[374,1214,441,502]" box="[752,835,476,502]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA589F064EA321D1FCBAFE35" box="[752,835,476,502]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="46.[188,231,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,1449,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[188,1399,1449,1823]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 16. Dictyoporus balani (Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic, 1992) comb. nov. A. SEM of holotype (lower right corner) in an epoxy cast of a Pliocene Balanus shell (reproduced from Tavernier et al. 1992: fig. 1A). B. Close-up of holotype (reproduced from Tavernier et al. 1992: fig. 1D). C. Prostrate peripheral reticulum with rhizoidal connections to the substrate surface (reproduced from Tavernier et al. 1992: fig. 2B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839891/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA589F064CEE2213FE10FD03" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="006E064EBA589F064CEE2213FBFEFDFB" blockId="46.[189,1031,541,568]" box="[189,1031,541,568]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA589F064CEE2213FBFEFDFB" box="[189,1031,541,568]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA589F064CEE2213FC6FFDFB" author="Tavernier A. & Campbell S. E. & Golubic S." box="[189,918,541,568]" page="304" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1992">
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA589F064CEE2213FC6FFDFB" authority="Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic, 1992: 304" authorityName="Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic" authorityPageNumber="304" authorityYear="1992" box="[189,918,541,568]" class="Insecta" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Dictyoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="balani">
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F064CEE2213FE6DFDFB" box="[189,404,542,568]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Dendrorete balani</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA589F064DC82210FC6FFDFB" author="Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic" box="[411,918,541,568]" firstAuthor="Tavernier" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="303 - 310" refId="ref53659" refString="Tavernier A., Campbell S. E. & Golubic S. 1992. A complex marine shallow-water boring trace: Dendrorete balani n. ichnogen. et ichnospec. Lethaia 25: 303 - 310. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1992. tb 01399. x" type="journal article" year="1992">Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic, 1992: 304</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 2–3.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="006E064EBA589F064CEE2252FC8CFDBA" blockId="46.[189,1399,607,704]" box="[189,885,607,634]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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Without name –
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<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA589F064DD3226DFD1FFDBA" author="Rooney & Perkins" box="[384,742,607,634]" firstAuthor="Rooney" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1139 - 1150" refId="ref52966" refString="Rooney W. S. & Perkins R. D. 1972. Distribution and geologic significance of microboring organisms within sediments of the Arlington Reef Complex, Australia. Geological Society of America Bulletin 83: 1139 - 1150. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / 0016 - 7606 (1972) 83 [1139: DAGSOM] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="1972">Rooney & Perkins 1972: 1146</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 12, 14.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="006E064EBA589F064CEE228FFE10FD03" blockId="46.[189,1399,607,704]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA589F064CEE228FFE10FD03" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA589F064CEE228FFE6CFD5F" authorityName="Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic" authorityYear="1992" box="[189,405,642,668]" class="Insecta" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Dictyoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="balani">
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F064CEE228FFE6CFD5F" box="[189,405,642,668]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Dendrorete balani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA589F064DE7228FFCD4FD5F" author="Tavernier A. & Golubic S." box="[436,813,642,668]" page="409" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1993">
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<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA589F064DE7228FFCD4FD5F" author="Tavernier & Golubic" box="[436,813,642,668]" firstAuthor="Tavernier" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="405 - 414" refId="ref53621" refString="Tavernier A. & Golubic S. 1993. Pliocene microboring assemblages in shells of the Purissima Formation (Capitola, California). Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, Special Volume 1: 405 - 414." type="journal article" year="1993">Tavernier & Golubic 1993: 409</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 2. — (?)
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<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA589F064F86228FFAD5FD5F" author="Blissett D. J. & Pickerill R. K." box="[981,1324,642,668]" page="82" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="2007">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA589F064F86228FFAD5FD5F" author="Blissett & Pickerill" box="[981,1324,642,668]" firstAuthor="Blissett" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="77 - 108" refId="ref49131" refString="Blissett D. J. & Pickerill R. K. 2007. Systematic ichnology of microborings from the Cenozoic White Limestone Group, Jamaica, West Indies. Scripta Geologica 134: 77 - 108." type="journal article" year="2007">Blissett & Pickerill 2007: 82</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 3 (dubious illustration).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA589F074CEE22EAFBC8FD0C" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="006E064EBA589F064CEE22EAFE5BFCC2" blockId="46.[189,418,743,769]" box="[189,418,743,769]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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||
<heading id="5B26B122BA589F064CEE22EAFE5BFCC2" bold="true" box="[189,418,743,769]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F064CEE22EAFE5BFCC2" bold="true" box="[189,418,743,769]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Original diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="006E064EBA589F074CEE2318FCA8FE71" blockId="46.[189,1399,789,1379]" lastBlockId="47.[189,1399,267,435]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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Shallow, radiating to prostrate boring networks spread beneath the shell surface of the barnacle
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA589F064CEE2334FEE4FC90" box="[189,285,825,851]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Balanidae" genus="Balanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F064CEE2334FEE4FC90" box="[189,285,825,851]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Balanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. Individual systems range from
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<quantity id="C729ABABBA589F064E912334FCC7FC90" box="[706,830,825,851]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1 to 4 mm</quantity>
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in diameter and penetrate
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<quantity id="C729ABABBA589F06482E2334FAEDFC90" box="[1149,1300,825,851]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="150.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="100.0">100–200 µm</quantity>
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into the shell. They consist of tubular, branched and anastomosing tunnels. The tunnels spread immediately below, and parallel to the substrate surface, they branch repeatedly and fuse at contact, forming twodimensional networks. At the periphery of the system, long and shallow “exploratory” tunnels penetrate the substrate and branch. Branching is subdichotomous or lateral, diverging at angles of 82° ± 19° (50). The branches behind the expansion front arch deeper into the substrate and anastomose. The average mesh size of the resulting reticulum is 257 ± 63 (16) µm. Pointed lateral branches that originate along the interconnecting tunnels give the network a spiny appearance, and ultimately subdivide the network. As a consequence, the density of the net in the older parts increases by secondary branching (mesh size 103 ± 28 (26) µm). In addition, the tunnels send out at intervals finer tubular connections (10 ± 2.5 (18) µm) to the substrate surface. The main tunnels are circular or ellipsoidal in cross-section, with the longer axis oriented upright, i.e., perpendicular to the substrate surface. They are
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<quantity id="C729ABABBA589F06482024B1FB12FB15" box="[1139,1259,1212,1239]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="20.0">20–50 µm</quantity>
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in diameter (M ± s (n) = 35.5 ± 8.5 (78) µm), appear knobby, and are occasionally widened at branch points. The boring starts from a single point of entry and spreads initially in a radiating fashion. When cast in resin, these young diverging tunnels resemble the surface roots of some tropical trees. In later stages the network becomes prostrate, and the radiating pattern is masked by anastomosing cross-connections. Thus, a mature boring system of
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA599F074E392106FCB1FEE6" box="[618,840,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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Dendrorete
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA599F074EAE2106FCB1FEE6" authorityName="Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic" authorityYear="1992" box="[765,840,267,293]" class="Insecta" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Dictyoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="balani">balani</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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is organized in three concentric zones. The peripheral (youngest) one is the zone of lateral spreading of the boring system with straight, shallow “exploratory” tunnels. In the second zone behind, these tunnels interconnect to form a flat horizontal reticulum. Branches oriented toward the interior that form deeper arches are more common in the third (oldest) zone resulting in a three-dimensional reticulum.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="54AE56C6BA589F064CEF274FFE74F82A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839891" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3839891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839891/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" startId="46.[188,231,1858,1884]" targetBox="[188,1399,1449,1823]" targetPageId="46">
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||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA589F064CEF274FFE74F82A" blockId="46.[188,1398,1858,2025]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F064CEF274FFEE2F89F" bold="true" box="[188,283,1858,1884]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 16.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA589F064D77274EFC12F89E" authority="(Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic, 1992)" authorityName="Wisshak" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic" baseAuthorityYear="1992" box="[292,1003,1858,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Dictyoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="balani" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F064D77274EFDF0F89E" box="[292,521,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Dictyoporus balani</emphasis>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA589F064E49274FFC1AF89E" author="Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic" box="[538,995,1858,1885]" firstAuthor="Tavernier" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="303 - 310" refId="ref53659" refString="Tavernier A., Campbell S. E. & Golubic S. 1992. A complex marine shallow-water boring trace: Dendrorete balani n. ichnogen. et ichnospec. Lethaia 25: 303 - 310. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1992. tb 01399. x" type="journal article" year="1992">Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic, 1992</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29966727BA589F064FA6274FFB81F89E" box="[1013,1144,1858,1885]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F0648D2274FFB6FF89F" bold="true" box="[1153,1174,1858,1884]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">A</emphasis>
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. SEM of holotype (lower right corner) in an epoxy cast of a Pliocene
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<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA589F064F60276BFC6AF843" box="[819,915,1894,1920]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Balanidae" genus="Balanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F064F60276BFC6AF843" box="[819,915,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Balanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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shell (reproduced from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA589F0648EE276BFF02F860" author="Tavernier" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Tavernier" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="303 - 310" refId="ref53659" refString="Tavernier A., Campbell S. E. & Golubic S. 1992. A complex marine shallow-water boring trace: Dendrorete balani n. ichnogen. et ichnospec. Lethaia 25: 303 - 310. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1992. tb 01399. x" type="journal article" year="1992">
|
||
Tavernier
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F064964276AFA8FF843" box="[1335,1398,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1992
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1A).
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F064D272784FE71F860" bold="true" box="[372,392,1929,1955]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Close-up of holotype (reproduced from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA589F064F202784FB96F860" author="Tavernier" box="[883,1135,1929,1955]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Tavernier" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="303 - 310" refId="ref53659" refString="Tavernier A., Campbell S. E. & Golubic S. 1992. A complex marine shallow-water boring trace: Dendrorete balani n. ichnogen. et ichnospec. Lethaia 25: 303 - 310. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1992. tb 01399. x" type="journal article" year="1992">
|
||
Tavernier
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F064FB82787FBDEF860" box="[1003,1063,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1992
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1D).
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F0648BB2784FB04F860" bold="true" box="[1256,1277,1929,1955]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Prostrate peripheral reticulum with rhizoidal connections to the substrate surface (reproduced from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA589F0648BB27A1FED8F82A" author="Tavernier" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Tavernier" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="303 - 310" refId="ref53659" refString="Tavernier A., Campbell S. E. & Golubic S. 1992. A complex marine shallow-water boring trace: Dendrorete balani n. ichnogen. et ichnospec. Lethaia 25: 303 - 310. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1992. tb 01399. x" type="journal article" year="1992">
|
||
Tavernier
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA589F06493327A0FF23F82A" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1992
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 2B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA599F074CEE21DFFE56FE2F" blockId="47.[189,431,466,492]" box="[189,431,466,492]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA599F074CEE21DFFE56FE2F" bold="true" box="[189,431,466,492]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA599F074CEE21DFFE56FE2F" bold="true" box="[189,431,466,492]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Emended diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA599F074CEE2209FBC8FD0C" blockId="47.[189,1399,516,719]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Tunnels branch sub-dichotomously or laterally, occasionally widened at branch points, circular or ellipsoidal in cross-section, with the longer axis oriented perpendicular to the substrate surface, sending out finer tubular connections at intervals to the substrate surface. A mature boring system is organised in three concentric zones, a peripheral zone of lateral spreading with straight, shallow tunnels, a second zone behind with tunnels interconnecting to form a prostrate reticulum and branches more commonly forming deeper arches of a three-dimensional reticulum in the central zone.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA599F074CEE22E3FD7EFCF9" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA599F074CEE22E3FE43FCCB" blockId="47.[189,442,750,776]" box="[189,442,750,776]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA599F074CEE22E3FE43FCCB" bold="true" box="[189,442,750,776]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA599F074CEE22E3FE43FCCB" bold="true" box="[189,442,750,776]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Original description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA599F074CEE232CFD7EFCF9" blockId="47.[189,647,800,827]" box="[189,647,800,827]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">n/a, but see detailed original diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA599F074CEE2356FEC0FBD3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA599F074CEE2356FD8AFCB7" blockId="47.[189,627,858,885]" box="[189,627,858,885]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA599F074CEE2356FD8AFCB7" bold="true" box="[189,627,858,885]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA599F074CEE2356FD8AFCB7" bold="true" box="[189,627,858,885]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type material, locality and horizon</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA599F074CEE2380FEC0FBD3" blockId="47.[189,1398,909,1040]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0B90C13BA599F074CEE2380FEC0FBD3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2625219314" collectionCode="CA" country="United States of America" location="It" municipality="Harvard University Paleobotanical Collection" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCode="HU-62706" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA599F074CEE2380FED3FC64" box="[189,298,909,935]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA599F074D6D2380FE6DFC6B" box="[318,404,909,936]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="46.[188,231,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,1449,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[188,1399,1449,1823]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 16. Dictyoporus balani (Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic, 1992) comb. nov. A. SEM of holotype (lower right corner) in an epoxy cast of a Pliocene Balanus shell (reproduced from Tavernier et al. 1992: fig. 1A). B. Close-up of holotype (reproduced from Tavernier et al. 1992: fig. 1D). C. Prostrate peripheral reticulum with rhizoidal connections to the substrate surface (reproduced from Tavernier et al. 1992: fig. 2B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839891/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B) in resin-cast of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA599F074EEA2380FCE0FC64" box="[697,793,909,935]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Balanidae" genus="Balanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA599F074EEA2380FCE0FC64" box="[697,793,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Balanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fragment from the Purisima Formation, Pliocene, sampled at the base of a sea cliff at Capitola State Beach, Capitola, CA,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78C646DEBA599F07485223BDFBC6FC09" box="[1025,1087,944,970]" name="United States of America" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="050E5095BA599F07481A23BDFBA2FC09" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8878B758BA589F074D2521B4FDADFAAD:050E5095BA599F07481A23BDFBA2FC09" box="[1097,1115,944,970]" country="United States of America" municipality="Harvard University Paleobotanical Collection" name="It" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">It</location>
|
||
is supposedly deposited in the
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="E00A9C34BA599F074D5B23DEFCDBFC2E" box="[264,802,979,1005]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Harvard University Paleobotanical Collection</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="5077AE35BA599F074F6023DEFC4FFC2D" box="[819,950,979,1006]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">HU-62706</specimenCode>
|
||
), but is at present not traceable in this collection.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA599F074CEE2435FDADFAAD" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA599F074CEE2435FED6FB91" blockId="47.[189,303,1080,1106]" box="[189,303,1080,1106]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA599F074CEE2435FED6FB91" bold="true" box="[189,303,1080,1106]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA599F074CEE2435FED6FB91" bold="true" box="[189,303,1080,1106]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA599F074CEE2467FDFAFB6B" blockId="47.[189,1399,1130,1192]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Originally established within the ichnogenus
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA599F074E9C2467FCADFB47" box="[719,852,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Dendrorete</emphasis>
|
||
, which is herein regarded as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA599F074C8E2483FE97FB64" authorityName="Magdefrau" authorityYear="1937" box="[221,366,1166,1191]" class="Insecta" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Dictyoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA599F074C8E2483FE97FB64" box="[221,366,1166,1191]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Dictyoporus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA599F074CEE24C5FDADFAAD" blockId="47.[189,1399,1223,1390]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA599F074CEE24C5FE5AFB22" authorityName="Wisshak" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Tavernier, Campbell & Golubic" baseAuthorityYear="1992" box="[189,419,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Dictyoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="balani">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA599F074CEE24C5FE5AFB22" box="[189,419,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Dictyoporus balani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is clearly distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA599F074F5E24C5FC6DFB22" authorityName="Magdefrau" authorityYear="1937" box="[781,916,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Dictyoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA599F074F5E24C5FC6DFB22" box="[781,916,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">D. nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the more distinct ontogenetic zones, including deeper arches in the central (oldest) part of the trace, a higher number of rhizoidal connections to the substrate surface, a generally smaller trace and tunnel diameter, and by its mesh-size decreasing in the centre due to secondary interconnecting tunnels. In contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA599F074F96253FFBB1FA88" authorityName="Magdefrau" authorityYear="1937" box="[965,1096,1329,1355]" class="Insecta" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Dictyoporus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA599F074F96253FFBB1FA88" box="[965,1096,1329,1355]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">D. nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this ichnospecies always consists of endolithic tunnels only.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |