429 lines
57 KiB
XML
429 lines
57 KiB
XML
<document id="B3786D3AF027F69D7E433A0103FAD838" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14033789" ID-ZooBank="5B165C4B-BC37-4946-B4F6-63B2A2E12F31" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1730713294687" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Armbruster, Jonathan W." docDate="2024" docId="03AE196D465BC272FF64F9BFFEBBF879" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5536.2.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5536 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Vexillichthys Armbruster 2024, new genus" docType="treatment" docUuid="5CA3B8BF-1CC1-4C70-9433-1D35632AF249" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="331" masterDocId="FF9761154659C274FFF3FF9CFFD1FF97" masterDocTitle="A new genus for the Blackfin Sucker, Thoburnia atripinnis (Cypriniformes: Catostomidae)" masterLastPageNumber="335" masterPageNumber="325" pageNumber="327" updateTime="1730713821708" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F758D83E8565F92F67E9E4F282057E30">A new genus for the Blackfin Sucker, Thoburnia atripinnis (Cypriniformes: Catostomidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A752E4261C233D2E23946D417E9BAC78" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C0BD4D184CB57C95095FFB694FBB70A6">Armbruster, Jonathan W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="49764151A54492E36684E0422FBFBFDC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C685E37D9F26E9DB78264421564C085A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C877469321E0EA1CFC8DA073D6DA5B6D">
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<mods:date id="0C976BEB4FEAA62DC66D36888D022FF4">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="144B9E8282CD66BEBB4AB6D6D9B64B3B">2024-11-04</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="86F149A078F7AFF5FA44655778DC1243">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B032C3E877E9E1EDC8E5868485C05C8A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5536.2.8</mods:identifier>
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<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465BC276FF64F9BFFC16F9F4" blockId="2.[151,967,1571,1670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">
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<heading id="D0F01F17465BC276FF64F9BFFD8CF9A9" bold="true" box="[151,605,1571,1598]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9737469465BC276FF64F9BFFD8CF9A9" bold="true" box="[151,605,1571,1598]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">
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<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465BC276FF64F9BFFE1EF9A9" authority="Armbruster" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,463,1571,1598]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9737469465BC276FF64F9BFFEE3F9A9" bold="true" box="[151,306,1571,1598]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Vexillichthys</emphasis>
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Armbruster
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240C912465BC276FE28F9B8FD8CF9A9" box="[475,605,1572,1598]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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<uri id="FF96A479465BC276FF64F9D4FC16F9F4" box="[151,967,1608,1635]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFA192AE465BC276FE5CF9D4FC16F9F4" box="[431,967,1608,1635]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">5CA3B8BF-1CC1-4C70-9433-1D35632AF249</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31DFBF0465BC276FF64F9F0FF29F911" box="[151,248,1644,1670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465BC276FF64F9F0FF29F911" blockId="2.[151,967,1571,1670]" box="[151,248,1644,1670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">
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<figureCitation id="133CB4FE465BC276FF64F9F0FF29F911" box="[151,248,1644,1670]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,846,870]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1277,1301]" captionTargetBox-0="[340,1247,179,820]" captionTargetBox-1="[177,1411,181,1253]" captionTargetId-0="figure-15@3.[340,1247,179,820]" captionTargetId-1="figure-23@4.[177,1411,181,1253]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Live specimens of Vexillichthys n. gen. atripinnis. A. young in typical coloration (90 mm SL, Salt Lick Creek at Bugtussle Road crossing, Monroe Co., KY, 36.65654°, -85.92124°) and B. nuptial specimen, probably female (147 mm SL, Long Hungry Creek, at KY 1333 crossing, Allen Co., KY, 36.67412°, -86.04397°). Specimens uncataloged. Photos by M. Thomas." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Preserved nuptial male specimen of Vexillichthys n. gen. atripinnis in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views. AUM 12812, 71.6 mm SL. Photos by J.W. Armbruster. Scale = 1 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033793" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033795" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14033793/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14033795/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31DFBF0465BC276FF64F928FC10F831" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465BC276FF64F928FC81F958" blockId="2.[151,1437,1716,1958]" box="[151,848,1716,1743]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">
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<emphasis id="B9737469465BC276FF64F928FEE3F959" bold="true" box="[151,306,1716,1742]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">
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<typeStatus id="54BC16D9465BC276FF64F928FF03F959" box="[151,210,1716,1742]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Type</typeStatus>
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||
species.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465BC276FECAF929FC9DF958" ID-CoL="44GTS" authority="Bailey 1959" authorityName="Bailey" authorityYear="1959" box="[313,844,1716,1743]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Moxostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripinne" subGenus="Thoburnia">
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||
<emphasis id="B9737469465BC276FECAF929FE6DF959" box="[313,444,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Moxostoma</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<emphasis id="B9737469465BC276FE3FF928FD93F959" box="[460,578,1716,1742]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Thoburnia</emphasis>
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||
)
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<emphasis id="B9737469465BC276FDA0F929FD6BF959" box="[595,698,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">atripinne</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96D58A465BC276FD33F928FC9DF958" author="Bailey, R. M." box="[704,844,1716,1743]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref5656" refString="Bailey, R. M. (1959) A new catostomid fish, Moxostoma (Thoburnia) atripinne, from the Green River drainage, Kentucky and Tennessee. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, The University of Michigan, 559, 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1959">Bailey 1959</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465BC276FF34F944FABDF8AC" blockId="2.[151,1437,1716,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">
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||
<emphasis id="B9737469465BC276FF34F944FE43F965" bold="true" box="[199,402,1752,1778]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Included species.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465BC276FE6AF945FC11F964" ID-CoL="44GTS" authority="Bailey 1959: 7" authorityName="Bailey" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1959" box="[409,960,1752,1779]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Moxostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripinne" subGenus="Thoburnia">
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||
<emphasis id="B9737469465BC276FE6AF945FDCDF965" box="[409,540,1753,1778]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Moxostoma</emphasis>
|
||
(
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||
<emphasis id="B9737469465BC276FDDFF944FD73F965" box="[556,674,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Thoburnia</emphasis>
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||
)
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<emphasis id="B9737469465BC276FD41F945FCC8F965" box="[690,793,1753,1778]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">atripinne</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6FA226465BC276FCD3F944FC11F964" box="[800,960,1752,1779]" collectionCode="UMMZ" country="United States of America" county="Macon County" elevation="233" location="Salt Lick Creek" municipality="Red Boiling Springs" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" specimenCode="UMMZ 169506, UMMZ 165370" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Tennessee" typeStatus="holotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96D58A465BC276FCD3F944FC11F964" author="Bailey, R. M." box="[800,960,1752,1779]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref5656" refString="Bailey, R. M. (1959) A new catostomid fish, Moxostoma (Thoburnia) atripinne, from the Green River drainage, Kentucky and Tennessee. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, The University of Michigan, 559, 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1959">Bailey 1959:7</bibRefCitation>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, Pls. 1–2;
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CB4FE465BC276FBC6F944FB63F965" box="[1077,1202,1752,1778]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,846,870]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,179,820]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[340,1247,179,820]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Live specimens of Vexillichthys n. gen. atripinnis. A. young in typical coloration (90 mm SL, Salt Lick Creek at Bugtussle Road crossing, Monroe Co., KY, 36.65654°, -85.92124°) and B. nuptial specimen, probably female (147 mm SL, Long Hungry Creek, at KY 1333 crossing, Allen Co., KY, 36.67412°, -86.04397°). Specimens uncataloged. Photos by M. Thomas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033793/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Figs.1B–D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
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||
<figureCitation id="133CB4FE465BC276FB4DF944FB31F965" box="[1214,1248,1752,1778]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1277,1301]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-23@4.[177,1411,181,1253]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Preserved nuptial male specimen of Vexillichthys n. gen. atripinnis in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views. AUM 12812, 71.6 mm SL. Photos by J.W. Armbruster. Scale = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033795/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">2C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
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||
<figureCitation id="133CB4FE465BC276FB1FF944FAFEF965" box="[1260,1327,1752,1778]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1009,1033]" captionTargetBox="[168,1423,181,981]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[164,1423,181,985]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution of Vexillichthys n. gen. atripinnis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033797/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">3A–B</figureCitation>
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<location id="8ED8FEA0465BC276FAC5F944FF0CF881" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE196D465BC272FF64F9BFFEBBF879:8ED8FEA0465BC276FAC5F944FF0CF881" country="United States of America" county="Macon County" municipality="Red Boiling Springs" name="Salt Lick Creek" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" stateProvince="Tennessee">Salt Lick Creek</location>
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, at state highway 52 bridge,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BDC3201465BC276FDC3F960FCCCF881" box="[560,797,1788,1814]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Red Boiling Springs</collectingMunicipality>
|
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62D9D0F7465BC276FCDFF961FC09F881" box="[812,984,1788,1815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Macon County</collectingCounty>
|
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49C36699465BC276FC16F961FB8AF880" box="[997,1115,1789,1815]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
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,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F310E8EB465BC276FB9BF960FB66F881" box="[1128,1207,1788,1814]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
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,
|
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<elevation id="002A4F48465BC276FB34F960FA48F881" box="[1223,1433,1788,1815]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.33172" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" unit="ft" value="765.0">
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elevation
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF059E465BC276FAC4F960FA48F881" box="[1335,1433,1788,1815]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.33172" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" unit="ft" value="765.0">765 feet</quantity>
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</elevation>
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.
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||
<typeStatus id="54BC16D9465BC276FF64F8BCFED5F8AD" box="[151,260,1824,1850]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBA10000465BC276FEFDF8BDFE11F8AC" box="[270,448,1824,1851]" collectionCode="UMMZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" type="University or college">UMMZ 169506</specimenCode>
|
||
(image examined).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC16D9465BC276FD53F8BDFCC0F8AC" box="[672,785,1825,1851]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBA10000465BC276FCEFF8BDFC1FF8AC" box="[796,974,1824,1851]" collectionCode="UMMZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" type="University or college">UMMZ 165370</specimenCode>
|
||
(6). Valid as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465BC276FB97F8BCFAB4F8AD" box="[1124,1381,1824,1850]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripinnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465BC276FB97F8BCFAB4F8AD" box="[1124,1381,1824,1850]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Vexillichthys atripinnis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465BC276FF34F8D8FC10F831" blockId="2.[151,1437,1716,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465BC276FF34F8D8FE1BF8C9" bold="true" box="[199,458,1860,1886]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens used for morphometrics in supplementary table 1 and those for the map (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CB4FE465BC276FF6CF8F4FF37F815" box="[159,230,1896,1922]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1009,1033]" captionTargetBox="[168,1423,181,981]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[164,1423,181,985]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution of Vexillichthys n. gen. atripinnis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033797/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="327">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) in supplementary table 2 available at
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96D58A465BC276FD47F8F4FC5AF815" author="Armbruster, J. W." box="[692,907,1896,1922]" pageId="2" pageNumber="327" refId="ref5469" refString="Armbruster, J. W. (2024) Supplementary tables: Blackfin Sucker mensural and locality data. Available from: https: // aurora. auburn. edu / handle / 11200 / 50650 (Accessed 7 Oct. 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.35099 / nfcp- 8538" type="book" year="2024">Armbruster (2024)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(AUM specimens were additionally used for morphological comparisons). Skeletal specimen examined AUM 86412.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF78F8F3465AC277FF64FCD2FF21FC45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033793" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14033793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033793/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" startId="3.[151,250,846,870]" targetBox="[340,1247,179,820]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465AC277FF64FCD2FF21FC45" blockId="3.[151,1437,846,978]" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FF64FCD2FEC5FCF1" bold="true" box="[151,276,846,870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Live specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FE2DFCD2FD8FFCF1" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="2024" box="[478,606,846,870]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FE2DFCD2FD8FFCF1" box="[478,606,846,870]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Vexillichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FD96FCD2FD7FFCF1" bold="true" box="[613,686,846,870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240C912465AC277FD96FCD2FD7FFCF1" box="[613,686,846,870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FD46FCD3FCC9FCF1" box="[693,792,847,870]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripinnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FD46FCD3FCC9FCF1" box="[693,792,847,870]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">atripinnis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A. young in typical coloration (90 mm SL, Salt Lick Creek at Bugtussle Road crossing, Monroe Co., KY, 36.65654°, -85.92124°) and B. nuptial specimen, probably female (147 mm SL, Long Hungry Creek, at KY 1333 crossing, Allen Co., KY, 36.67412°, -86.04397°). Specimens uncataloged. Photos by M. Thomas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31DFBF0465AC277FF34FBB8FED7F9E8" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465AC277FF34FBB8FB88FA5C" blockId="3.[151,1437,1060,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FF34FBB8FEEBFBA9" bold="true" box="[199,314,1060,1086]" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FEBDFBB8FE0DFBA9" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="2024" box="[334,476,1060,1086]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FEBDFBB8FE0DFBA9" box="[334,476,1060,1086]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Vexillichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be separated from all other Catostomids by the presence of well-developed, thin, black stripes on the body and a large, black mark on the anterodistal portion of the dorsal fin. Members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FF64FBF0FEF7FB11" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1818" box="[151,294,1132,1158]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Hypentelium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FF64FBF0FEF7FB11" box="[151,294,1132,1158]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Hypentelium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FE93FBF0FE07FB11" box="[352,470,1132,1158]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Thoburnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FE93FBF0FE07FB11" box="[352,470,1132,1158]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Thoburnia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may have stripes, but the stripes are faint, and the dorsal saddles are darker than the stripes (vs. the stripes darker than the saddles in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FD40FB0CFC90FB3D" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="2024" box="[691,833,1168,1194]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FD40FB0CFC90FB3D" box="[691,833,1168,1194]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Vexillichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FCA4FB0CFC37FB3D" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1818" box="[855,998,1168,1194]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Hypentelium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FCA4FB0CFC37FB3D" box="[855,998,1168,1194]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Hypentelium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does have dark marks in the dorsal fin, but the fin has bands or blotches instead of a single, large, black area at the anterodistal portion of the fin and the remainder of the fin hyaline.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FE2DFB44FDBDFB65" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="2024" box="[478,620,1240,1266]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FE2DFB44FDBDFB65" box="[478,620,1240,1266]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Vexillichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be further separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FC30FB44FBE8FB65" box="[963,1081,1240,1266]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Thoburnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FC30FB44FBE8FB65" box="[963,1081,1240,1266]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Thoburnia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by lacking a rust-colored, wide lateral stripe.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FEDCFB61FE78FA81" authorityName="Jordan" authorityYear="1878" box="[303,425,1277,1302]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Minytrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FEDCFB61FE78FA81" box="[303,425,1277,1302]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Minytrema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has dark stripes, but these are composed of distinct spots (vs. continuous lines). Some of the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FEAAFABDFE0DFAAD" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" box="[345,476,1313,1338]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Moxostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FEAAFABDFE0DFAAD" box="[345,476,1313,1338]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Moxostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
formerly ascribed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FD22FABDFCB3FAAC" authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1913" box="[721,866,1313,1339]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Scartomyzon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FD22FABDFCB3FAAC" box="[721,866,1313,1339]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Scartomyzon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, also may have stripes, but they are not as intense as that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FEF5FAD8FE45FAC9" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="2024" box="[262,404,1348,1374]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FEF5FAD8FE45FAC9" box="[262,404,1348,1374]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Vexillichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and there is maximally some black just at the anterodistal edge of the dorsal fin (vs. a large area).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FF2FFAF4FEBBFA15" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="2024" box="[220,362,1384,1410]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FF2FFAF4FEBBFA15" box="[220,362,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Vexillichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may also be unique in the development of pads on the distal ends of the anterior unbranched rays of the pectoral fin as well as the anterior portion of the first branched ray and occasionally the second branched ray (other suckers may have thickened skin in these regions, but not distinct pads;
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CB4FE465AC277FBFBFA2CFB9AFA5C" box="[1032,1099,1456,1483]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1214,1238]" captionTargetBox="[177,1369,237,1191]" captionTargetId="figure-46@6.[177,1411,237,1191]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ventral view of right pectoral fins of A. Thoburnia rhothoeca, AUM 61433, 94.7 mm SL and B. Vexillichthys n. gen. atripinnis, AUM 12812, 133.7 mm SL. Unbranched pectoral fin rays numbered with lowercase Roman numerals and first two branched rays numbered with Arabic numerals. The specimen in B is a large, nuptial female and pads are present on all four of the numbered rays with even some thickening on the third branched ray (numbers are approximately in the center of the pads). Photos by J.W. Armbruster. Scale = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033801/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465AC277FF34FA48FED7F9E8" blockId="3.[151,1437,1060,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">
|
||
Osteologically,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FE8EFA48FDDAFA79" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="2024" box="[381,523,1492,1518]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FE8EFA48FDDAFA79" box="[381,523,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Vexillichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be diagnosed by two characteristics of the skull: lateral laminae of the dermethmoid angled anteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CB4FE465AC277FDE7FA64FDA2F984" box="[532,627,1528,1555]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,1087,1648]" captionTargetId="figure-27@5.[164,1423,1087,1648]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Dorsal view of crania of A. Hypentelium nigricans, AUM 86410, 259.5 mm SL, B. Thoburnia rhothoecum, AUM 86411, and C. Vexillichthys n. gen. atripinnis, AUM 86412. 109.7 mm SL. DE—dermethmoid (lines are to a lateral lamina), F—frontal, FPF—frontoparietal fenestra, LE—lateral ethmoid (lines are to the base of the bone), and SOC—supraorbital crest (lines are to a lateral lamina). Photos by J.W. Armbruster. Scale = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033799/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
; vs. laterally in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FCCCFA64FBE2F985" box="[831,1075,1528,1554]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Thoburnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhothoeca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FCCCFA64FBE2F985" box="[831,1075,1528,1554]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Thoburnia rhothoeca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CB4FE465AC277FBBBFA64FB75F984" box="[1096,1188,1528,1555]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,1087,1648]" captionTargetId="figure-27@5.[164,1423,1087,1648]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Dorsal view of crania of A. Hypentelium nigricans, AUM 86410, 259.5 mm SL, B. Thoburnia rhothoecum, AUM 86411, and C. Vexillichthys n. gen. atripinnis, AUM 86412. 109.7 mm SL. DE—dermethmoid (lines are to a lateral lamina), F—frontal, FPF—frontoparietal fenestra, LE—lateral ethmoid (lines are to the base of the bone), and SOC—supraorbital crest (lines are to a lateral lamina). Photos by J.W. Armbruster. Scale = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033799/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
, or posteriorly as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FF64F980FEF7F9A1" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1818" box="[151,294,1564,1590]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Hypentelium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FF64F980FEF7F9A1" box="[151,294,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Hypentelium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FE6BF981FDCAF9A1" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" box="[408,539,1565,1590]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Moxostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FE6BF981FDCAF9A1" box="[408,539,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Moxostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CB4FE465AC277FDD4F980FD51F9A0" box="[551,640,1564,1591]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,1087,1648]" captionTargetId="figure-27@5.[164,1423,1087,1648]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Dorsal view of crania of A. Hypentelium nigricans, AUM 86410, 259.5 mm SL, B. Thoburnia rhothoecum, AUM 86411, and C. Vexillichthys n. gen. atripinnis, AUM 86412. 109.7 mm SL. DE—dermethmoid (lines are to a lateral lamina), F—frontal, FPF—frontoparietal fenestra, LE—lateral ethmoid (lines are to the base of the bone), and SOC—supraorbital crest (lines are to a lateral lamina). Photos by J.W. Armbruster. Scale = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033799/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
); narrowest portion of lateral ethmoid when viewed ventrally much less than length of anterolateral processes (vs. approximately equal in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FC9DF9DDFC2BF9CD" box="[878,1018,1600,1626]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Thoburnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhothoeca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FC9DF9DDFC2BF9CD" box="[878,1018,1600,1626]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">T. rhothoeca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465AC277FBDDF9DCFB6CF9CD" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1818" box="[1070,1213,1600,1626]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Hypentelium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FBDDF9DCFB6CF9CD" box="[1070,1213,1600,1626]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Hypentelium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, area of base shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CB4FE465AC277FF47F9F8FF29F9E8" box="[180,248,1636,1663]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,1087,1648]" captionTargetId="figure-27@5.[164,1423,1087,1648]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Dorsal view of crania of A. Hypentelium nigricans, AUM 86410, 259.5 mm SL, B. Thoburnia rhothoecum, AUM 86411, and C. Vexillichthys n. gen. atripinnis, AUM 86412. 109.7 mm SL. DE—dermethmoid (lines are to a lateral lamina), F—frontal, FPF—frontoparietal fenestra, LE—lateral ethmoid (lines are to the base of the bone), and SOC—supraorbital crest (lines are to a lateral lamina). Photos by J.W. Armbruster. Scale = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033799/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31DFBF0465AC272FF34F914FE20FF42" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="331" pageId="3" pageNumber="328" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465AC277FF34F914FF0BF8A5" blockId="3.[151,1437,1060,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465AC277FF34F914FE88F935" bold="true" box="[199,345,1672,1698]" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometrics in table 1. Body long and low, flattened ventrally to anal fin and then rising to caudal peduncle. Dorsal surface forms gentle arc from snout to dorsal fin and then slowly lowering to caudal peduncle. Head small and roughly conical. Eye large. Mouth inferior. Upper lip plicate, about half width of lower lip; lower lip plicate proximally and with cross furrows distally; lower lip with distal split between left and right lobes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465AC277FF34F8A0FD4CF871" blockId="3.[151,1437,1060,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="328">Dorsal fin roughly triangular in juveniles and females, becoming almost rectangular in nuptial males; located approximately mid body; ii,8–10 (usually 9). Anal fin rounded, broader in nuptial males; ii,6–7 (usually 6). Caudal fin emarginate with rounded lobes, i,8,8,i. Pectoral fin short and rounded with leading unbranched rays and anterior margin of first branched ray with fleshy pad; located at ventral margin of body; ii,12,i. Pelvic fins rounded, originating below middle of dorsal fin; i,6–8 (usually 7),i.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF78F8F3465DC270FF64FB61FCC4FAAE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033795" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14033795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033795/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="329" startId="4.[151,250,1277,1301]" targetBox="[177,1411,181,1253]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465DC270FF64FB61FCC4FAAE" blockId="4.[151,1436,1277,1337]" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465DC270FF64FB61FEC7FA82" bold="true" box="[151,278,1277,1301]" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Preserved nuptial male specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465DC270FD6FFB61FCCDFA82" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="2024" box="[668,796,1277,1301]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465DC270FD6FFB61FCCDFA82" box="[668,796,1277,1301]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">Vexillichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465DC270FCD6FB61FCBEFA82" bold="true" box="[805,879,1277,1301]" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240C912465DC270FCD6FB61FCBEFA82" box="[805,879,1277,1301]" pageId="4" pageNumber="329" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465DC270FC84FB62FC0BFA82" box="[887,986,1278,1301]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripinnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465DC270FC84FB62FC0BFA82" box="[887,986,1278,1301]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">atripinnis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views. AUM 12812, 71.6 mm SL. Photos by J.W. Armbruster. Scale = 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465DC270FF34FA17FBB0F9A2" blockId="4.[151,1437,1419,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">
|
||
Lateral line complete. Scales small,
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF059E465DC270FDACFA17FD13FA32" box="[607,706,1419,1446]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" metricValueMax="1.27" metricValueMin="1.1684" pageId="4" pageNumber="329" unit="in" value="48.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="46.0">46–50 in</quantity>
|
||
lateral line, 16–20 predorsal scale rows, 9 caudal peduncle scale rows, 16 circumpeduncular scale rows, 31–32 circumferential scales. Scales of breast and nape deeply embedded. Vertebrae 43–45. 35 right and 39 left pharyngeal teeth; ventral most teeth with
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465DC270FBCEFA48FB80FA7A" box="[1085,1105,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">U</emphasis>
|
||
-shaped cusps (shallowest in middle, longest edge medial) and dorsal most teeth thin and filelike; pharyngeal arch narrow, not much wider than teeth; single tooth present on neck of arch (portion of arch ventral to widened section).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465DC270FF34F9A3FEFFF872" blockId="4.[151,1437,1419,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465DC270FF34F9A3FE9EF9CE" bold="true" box="[199,335,1599,1625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
Body distinctly dark above (base color tan with overlying dark markings) and white below. Head with thick, diffuse stripe from tip of snout, through eye, to dorsal margin of opercle. Body with approximately seven black stripes running entire length separated by tan to cream interspaces. Faint dorsal saddles present below stripes, first behind head, second below origin of dorsal fin (slanted anteroventrally), third behind dorsal fin (slanted posteroventrally), fourth at middle of caudal peduncle (wedge-shaped, narrowest dorsally), and fifth at base of caudal fin; second and fourth saddles darkest. Dorsal fin clear to hyaline with large, black spot anterodistally on first five to six rays with spot continuing only on extreme distal portion of remaining rays. Other fins hyaline with caudal darker; caudal also with broad, dark stripe down middle and sometimes with dark edge. Nuptial specimens darker often with a dark mark over the pectoral girdle that extends medially behind opercular opening and interradial membranes of pectoral and/or anal fins pigmented (mainly in center third of length of fin). Color in life similar, but pectoral fins and dorsal and ventral margins of caudal fin rust-colored with lighter yellow to rust coloring on pelvic and anal fins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF78F8F3465CC271FF64FC6DFD23FB9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033797" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14033797" box="[151,754,1009,1034]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033797/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="330" startId="5.[151,250,1009,1033]" targetBox="[168,1423,181,981]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465CC271FF64FC6DFD23FB9E" blockId="5.[151,754,1009,1034]" box="[151,754,1009,1034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465CC271FF64FC6DFEC2FB9D" bold="true" box="[151,275,1009,1034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465CC271FE45FC6EFDE7FB9D" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="2024" box="[438,566,1010,1034]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="330" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465CC271FE45FC6EFDE7FB9D" box="[438,566,1010,1034]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">Vexillichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465CC271FDCFFC6EFD52FB9D" bold="true" box="[572,643,1010,1034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240C912465CC271FDCFFC6EFD52FB9D" box="[572,643,1010,1034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="330" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465CC271FD7AFC6EFD3DFB9E" box="[649,748,1010,1033]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="330" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripinnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465CC271FD7AFC6EFD3DFB9E" box="[649,748,1010,1033]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">atripinnis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF78F8F3465CC271FF64F914FCBCF89B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033799" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14033799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033799/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="330" startId="5.[151,250,1672,1696]" targetBox="[164,1423,1087,1648]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465CC271FF64F914FCBCF89B" blockId="5.[151,1436,1672,1804]" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465CC271FF64F914FEC2F937" bold="true" box="[151,275,1672,1696]" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of crania of A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465CC271FDC7F914FCB5F937" authority=", AUM" authorityName="AUM" box="[564,868,1672,1696]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Hypentelium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="330" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465CC271FDC7F914FCCDF937" box="[564,796,1672,1696]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">Hypentelium nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
, AUM
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
86410, 259.5 mm SL, B.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465CC271FB9FF914FA4DF937" authority=", AUM" authorityName="AUM" box="[1132,1436,1672,1696]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Thoburnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="330" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhothoecum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465CC271FB9FF914FA87F937" box="[1132,1366,1672,1696]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">Thoburnia rhothoecum</emphasis>
|
||
, AUM
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
86411, and C.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465CC271FEDCF930FE7EF953" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="2024" box="[303,431,1708,1732]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="330" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465CC271FEDCF930FE7EF953" box="[303,431,1708,1732]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">Vexillichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465CC271FE44F930FDD1F953" bold="true" box="[439,512,1708,1732]" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240C912465CC271FE44F930FDD1F953" box="[439,512,1708,1732]" pageId="5" pageNumber="330" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465CC271FDF4F931FD60F953" authority=", AUM" authorityName="AUM" box="[519,689,1708,1732]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="330" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripinnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465CC271FDF4F931FDBBF953" box="[519,618,1709,1732]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">atripinnis</emphasis>
|
||
, AUM
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
86412. 109.7 mm SL. DE—dermethmoid (lines are to a lateral lamina), F—frontal, FPF—frontoparietal fenestra, LE—lateral ethmoid (lines are to the base of the bone), and SOC—supraorbital crest (lines are to a lateral lamina). Photos by J.W. Armbruster. Scale = 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465CC272FF34F8CDFE20FF42" blockId="5.[151,1437,1873,2043]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="331" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465CC271FF34F8CDFE6CF8FC" bold="true" box="[199,445,1873,1899]" pageId="5" pageNumber="330">Sexual Dimorphism.</emphasis>
|
||
Males much smaller than females with larger anal fin (anal fin height to SL ratio 21.4– 33.7% vs. 7.9–17.2%) and a more rectangular dorsal fin with a greater depressed dorsal fin length to SL ratio 22.3–33.4% (vs. 20.0–22.3%). Tubercles found in both males and females. Tubercles in females small and present on anal fin and caudal peduncle ventral to lateral line. Nuptial males with large tubercles on the anal and caudal fins and small tubercles on much of body (particularly caudal peduncle head and throat). Males also with some small tubercles occasionally on ventral side of pectoral fin and dorsal side of pelvic fin. Body tubercles of males best developed on caudal peduncle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF78F8F3465FC272FF64FB22FDEFFAF1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14033801" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14033801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14033801/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" startId="6.[151,250,1214,1238]" targetBox="[177,1369,237,1191]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465FC272FF64FB22FDEFFAF1" blockId="6.[151,1437,1214,1382]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FF64FB22FEC5FB41" bold="true" box="[151,276,1214,1238]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view of right pectoral fins of A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465FC272FD49FB22FC0BFB40" authority=", AUM" authorityName="AUM" box="[698,986,1214,1239]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Thoburnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhothoeca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FD49FB22FC42FB41" box="[698,915,1214,1238]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Thoburnia rhothoeca</emphasis>
|
||
, AUM
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
61433, 94.7 mm SL and B.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465FC272FAF3FB22FA51FB41" authorityName="Armbruster" authorityYear="2024" box="[1280,1408,1214,1238]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FAF3FB22FA51FB41" box="[1280,1408,1214,1238]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Vexillichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FA7BFB22FF15FB6D" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240C912465FC272FA7BFB22FF15FB6D" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465FC272FF39FB7FFEA2FB6C" authority=", AUM" authorityName="AUM" box="[202,371,1251,1275]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripinnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FF39FB7FFEFCFB6D" box="[202,301,1251,1274]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">atripinnis</emphasis>
|
||
, AUM
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
12812, 133.7 mm SL. Unbranched pectoral fin rays numbered with lowercase Roman numerals and first two branched rays numbered with Arabic numerals. The specimen in B is a large, nuptial female and pads are present on all four of the numbered rays with even some thickening on the third branched ray (numbers are approximately in the center of the pads). Photos by J.W. Armbruster. Scale = 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31DFBF0465FC272FF34FA24FA9AFA44" box="[199,1355,1464,1491]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465FC272FF34FA24FA9AFA44" blockId="6.[151,1437,1464,2030]" box="[199,1355,1464,1491]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FF34FA24FEB0FA45" bold="true" box="[199,353,1464,1490]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Found only in headwaters of the Barren River System of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C36699465FC272FC1BFA24FB84FA45" box="[1000,1109,1464,1490]" country="United States of America" name="Kentucky" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Kentucky</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C36699465FC272FB78FA25FAD0FA44" box="[1163,1281,1465,1491]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F310E8EB465FC272FAFFFA25FA99FA44" box="[1292,1352,1465,1491]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31DFBF0465FC272FF34FA41FC87F814" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465FC272FF34FA41FC87F814" blockId="6.[151,1437,1464,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FF34FA41FEFDFA60" bold="true" box="[199,300,1501,1527]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
The trematode,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465FC272FE19FA40FD28FA61" authorityName="Timmons & Rogers" authorityYear="1977" box="[490,761,1500,1526]" class="Monogenea" family="Dactylogyridae" genus="Dactylogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dactylogyridea" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="atripinnei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FE19FA40FD28FA61" box="[490,761,1500,1526]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Dactylogyrus atripinnei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from the gills of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465FC272FB81FA40FEE2F98C" authority="(Timmons & Rogers 1977)" baseAuthorityName="Timmons & Rogers" baseAuthorityYear="1977" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FB81FA40FAD1FA61" box="[1138,1280,1500,1526]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Vexillichthys</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96D58A465FC272FAE2FA40FEFAF98C" author="Timmons, T. J. & Rogers, W. A." pageId="6" pageNumber="331" pagination="238 - 239" refId="ref7644" refString="Timmons, T. J. & Rogers, W. A. (1977) Dactylogyrus atripinnei sp. n. from the Blackfin Sucker in Tennessee. The Journal of Parasitology, 63, 238 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3280049" type="journal article" year="1977">Timmons & Rogers 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Life history was described in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96D58A465FC272FD62F99CFC41F98C" author="Timmons, T. J. & Ramsey, J. S. & Bauer, B. H." box="[657,912,1536,1563]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" pagination="538 - 541" refId="ref7694" refString="Timmons, T. J., Ramsey, J. S. & Bauer, B. H. (1983) Life history and habitat of the blackfin sucker, Moxostoma atripinne (Osteichthyes: Catostomidae). Copeia, 1983, 538 - 541. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1444405" type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||
Timmons
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FCF7F99DFCECF98D" box="[772,829,1536,1562]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1983)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07D3F8465FC272FC21F99DFB8DF98D" box="[978,1116,1537,1562]" family="Catostomidae" genus="Vexillichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripinnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FC21F99DFB8DF98D" box="[978,1116,1537,1562]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">V. atripinnis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found in headwater streams (
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF059E465FC272FF6CF9B8FED1F9A8" box="[159,256,1572,1599]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" unit="m" value="5.25" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–9 m</quantity>
|
||
wide) with alternating pools and riffles. Streams were clear with a substrate of limestone, shale, and siltstone. Young were found in pools (
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF059E465FC272FDB4F9D5FD4CF9F4" box="[583,669,1609,1635]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" unit="m" value="0.65" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.3">0.3–1m</quantity>
|
||
deep) often in schools over gravel. Adults were collected along the shore or in pools (1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF059E465FC272FE63F9F0FE1CF910" box="[400,461,1644,1671]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5 m</quantity>
|
||
deep) and would retreat into crevices in the bedrock.Adults are associated with bedrock ledges, boulders, slab rock, and rootwads (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96D58A465FC272FD1BF90CFC75F93C" author="Stringfield, C." box="[744,932,1680,1707]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" refId="ref7533" refString="Stringfield, C. (2013) Population distribution and abundance of the blackfin sucker (Thoburnia atripinnis) in the upper Barren River System. Unpublished Master Thesis, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky. [unknown pagination]" type="book" year="2013">Stringfield 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96D58A465FC272FC41F90CFF05F958" author="Kentucky Ecological Services Field Office" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" refId="ref6771" refString="Kentucky Ecological Services Field Office (2017) Blackfin Sucker (Thoburnia atripinnis) species status assessment. Report to the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Kentucky Ecological Services Field Office, Frankfort, Kentucky, 38 pp." type="book" year="2017">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C36699465FC272FC41F90CFBCEF93D" box="[946,1055,1680,1706]" country="United States of America" name="Kentucky" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Kentucky</collectingRegion>
|
||
Ecological Services Field Office 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). They feed mostly on chironomids but also on cladocerans, copepods, ostracods, simuliids, melgalopterans, and trichopterans. Males are tuberculate in year two, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96D58A465FC272FCEBF944FBC2F964" author="Timmons, T. J. & Ramsey, J. S. & Bauer, B. H." box="[792,1043,1752,1779]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" pagination="538 - 541" refId="ref7694" refString="Timmons, T. J., Ramsey, J. S. & Bauer, B. H. (1983) Life history and habitat of the blackfin sucker, Moxostoma atripinne (Osteichthyes: Catostomidae). Copeia, 1983, 538 - 541. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1444405" type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||
Timmons
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FC7AF945FC13F965" box="[905,962,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1983)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported a young-of-the-year male that was emitting milt in December.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96D58A465FC272FDC5F960FD00F880" author="Bailey, R. M." box="[566,721,1788,1815]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref5656" refString="Bailey, R. M. (1959) A new catostomid fish, Moxostoma (Thoburnia) atripinne, from the Green River drainage, Kentucky and Tennessee. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, The University of Michigan, 559, 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1959">Bailey (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported spawning males in water eight centimeters deep from 6–10 April while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96D58A465FC272FEAEF8BCFD88F8AC" author="Timmons, T. J. & Ramsey, J. S. & Bauer, B. H." box="[349,601,1824,1851]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" pagination="538 - 541" refId="ref7694" refString="Timmons, T. J., Ramsey, J. S. & Bauer, B. H. (1983) Life history and habitat of the blackfin sucker, Moxostoma atripinne (Osteichthyes: Catostomidae). Copeia, 1983, 538 - 541. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1444405" type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||
Timmons
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FE3CF8BDFDD6F8AD" box="[463,519,1824,1850]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1983)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported tuberculate males in March. Males gather in riffles weeks before spawning females arrive (females were normally in pools). Egg size is
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF059E465FC272FC55F8D8FBFAF8C8" box="[934,1067,1860,1887]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="2.1" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.7">1.7–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
and fecundity ranged from 1,070 to 1,755 eggs per female. Maximum reported age is five years.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31DFBF0465FC272FF34F811FEBBF879" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8A87B465FC272FF34F811FEBBF879" blockId="6.[151,1437,1464,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FF34F811FE9FF830" bold="true" box="[199,334,1933,1959]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
From the Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FDF2F810FDB1F831" box="[513,608,1932,1958]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">vexillum</emphasis>
|
||
for flag and the Greek
|
||
<emphasis id="B9737469465FC272FC93F810FC7EF831" box="[864,943,1932,1958]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">ichthys</emphasis>
|
||
for fish. The dorsal fin has a flaglike pattern and the approximately thirteen alternating dark and light stripes are like the flag of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F310E8EB465FC272FB84F82CFA48F85D" box="[1143,1433,1968,1995]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">United States of America</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Gender masculine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |