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<document id="89D81445D6D1E6601773E2BCC7698167" ID-CLB-Dataset="29003" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4498.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e3157d39-d48d-4df2-94a8-b097803e4342" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1459138" ID-ZooBank="334E786F-2793-4F10-909C-4ABBDA4075ED" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1539326425413" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Takaoka, Hiroyuki, YaCob, Zubaidah &amp; Sofian-Azirun, Mohd" docDate="2018" docId="03951057FFF2CA52FF3D1400FEE1FA5A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4498.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4498 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Simulium (Simulium) tani Takaoka &amp; Davies 1995" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="FFAC682FFFC9CA69FFAA100AFF94FFD2" masterDocTitle="Classification, annotated list and keys for the black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Peninsular Malaysia" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1698579078717" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A9489D9C124F2951DF5F513985525EA3">Classification, annotated list and keys for the black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Peninsular Malaysia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B4DCA2A1F951F1838A84C211CA3FA82E">Takaoka, Hiroyuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="25EBB5CC18BA4D28E606BE6EA6F38403">YaCob, Zubaidah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3B0E74DFC335F9B553C352B992E2D572">Sofian-Azirun, Mohd</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="1273AADA94FE69A3B7BEFE87F52B914D">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03951057FFF2CA52FF3D1400FEE1FA5A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5980552" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148695256" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5980552" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03951057FFF2CA52FF3D1400FEE1FA5A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03951057FFF2CA52FF3D1400FEE1FA5A" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<subSubSection id="C326F2CAFFF2CA52FF3D1400FC11FBF1" box="[151,901,1034,1059]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B83A141FFF2CA52FF3D1400FC11FBF1" blockId="59.[151,1436,1034,1417]" box="[151,901,1034,1059]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="D0CB162DFFF2CA52FF3D1400FC11FBF1" bold="true" box="[151,901,1034,1059]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FF3D1400FC11FBF1" bold="true" box="[151,901,1034,1059]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
61.
<taxonomicName id="4C3CDAC2FFF2CA52FF6B1400FC8EFBF1" ID-CoL="8DYZB" authority="Takaoka &amp; Davies, 1995" authorityName="Takaoka &amp; Davies" authorityYear="1995" box="[193,794,1034,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tani" subGenus="Simulium">
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FF6B1400FEA7FBF1" bold="true" box="[193,307,1034,1059]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Simulium</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FEE91400FE21FBF1" bold="true" box="[323,437,1034,1059]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Simulium</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FE6E1400FE65FBF1" bold="true" box="[452,497,1034,1059]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">tani</emphasis>
Takaoka &amp; Davies, 1995
</taxonomicName>
complex
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C326F2CAFFF2CA52FF3D1424FBAFFB60" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B83A141FFF2CA52FF3D1424FB24FB95" blockId="59.[151,1436,1034,1417]" box="[151,1200,1070,1095]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C3CDAC2FFF2CA52FF3D1424FC98FB95" ID-CoL="8DYZB" authority="Takaoka &amp; Davies, 1995: 137" authorityName="Takaoka &amp; Davies" authorityPageNumber="137" authorityYear="1995" box="[151,780,1070,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tani" subGenus="Simulium">
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FF3D1424FE95FB94" box="[151,257,1070,1094]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Simulium</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FEBB1424FEEFFB94" box="[273,379,1070,1094]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Simulium</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FE211425FE23FB94" box="[395,439,1071,1094]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">tani</emphasis>
Takaoka &amp; Davies, 1995: 137
</taxonomicName>
141 (Female, male, pupa and larva).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83A141FFF2CA52FF6D1458FBAFFB60" blockId="59.[151,1436,1034,1417]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<materialsCitation id="3B54AB1CFFF2CA52FF6D1458FBAFFB60" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1918153668" location="Pahang" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pahang">
This species was described from females, males, pupae and larvae collected from Frasers Hill,
<collectingRegion id="49F86FA3FFF2CA52FAE01458FA08FBB9" box="[1354,1436,1106,1131]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Pahang</collectingRegion>
(Takaoka and Davies, 1995). It is characterized in the female by the claw with a minute subbasal projection, and in the pupa by the gill with six slender filaments directed forwards and close together.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C326F2CAFFF2CA52FF6D14B7FEE1FA5A" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B83A141FFF2CA52FF6D14B7FBE2FB28" blockId="59.[151,1436,1034,1417]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<materialsCitation id="3B54AB1CFFF2CA52FF6D14B7FBE2FB28" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1918153451" country="Malaysia" elevation="1019" location="Cameron Highlands" municipality="Ya'cob" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="1">
The immature stages occur in small to medium-sized streams at low to high elevations (
<elevation id="00114672FFF2CA52FB7214B4FAE7FB04" box="[1240,1395,1214,1238]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0185" metricValueMax="1.813" metricValueMin="0.22399999999999998" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="1018.5" valueMax="1813.0" valueMin="224.0">
<quantity id="4CC40CA4FFF2CA52FB7214B4FAE7FB04" box="[1240,1395,1214,1238]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0185" metricValueMax="1.813" metricValueMin="0.22399999999999998" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="1018.5" valueMax="1813.0" valueMin="224.0">2241,813 m</quantity>
</elevation>
) in
<location id="8EE3F79AFFF2CA52FF3D14E8FEECFB28" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03951057FFF2CA52FF3D1400FEE1FA5A:8EE3F79AFFF2CA52FF3D14E8FEECFB28" box="[151,376,1249,1274]" country="Malaysia" municipality="Ya'cob" name="Cameron Highlands" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Cameron Highlands</location>
and other areas in the Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="F32BE1D1FFF2CA52FD5814EBFCCCFB28" box="[754,856,1249,1274]" name="Malaysia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE73B3BFFF2CA52FCCD14EBFC2CFB28" box="[871,952,1249,1274]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Yacob</collectingMunicipality>
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FC6A14E8FC65FB2B" box="[960,1009,1249,1273]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al</emphasis>
., 2016a, b).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83A141FFF2CA52FF6D150FFEE1FA5A" blockId="59.[151,1436,1034,1417]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
This species was shown to be a species complex consisting of 10 cytoforms by a chromosome analysis in
<collectingCountry id="F32BE1D1FFF2CA52FF3D1522FF6FFA93" box="[151,251,1320,1345]" name="Thailand" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFADDCB0FFF2CA52FEA31522FDB3FA93" box="[265,551,1320,1345]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref69555" refString="Tangkawanit, U., Kuvangkadilok, C., Baimai, V. &amp; Adler, P. H. (2009) Cytosystematics of the Simulium tani group (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Thailand. Zoological Journal of Linnean Society, 155, 289 - 315. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2008.00433. x" type="journal article">
Tangkawanit
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FE091523FE40FA93" box="[419,468,1321,1345]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al</emphasis>
., 2009
</bibRefCitation>
). The
<typeStatus id="54871FE3FFF2CA52FDC61523FD08FA93" box="[620,668,1321,1345]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C3CDAC2FFF2CA52FD691523FC9FFA92" authorityName="Takaoka &amp; Davies" authorityYear="1995" box="[707,779,1321,1344]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tani">
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FD691523FC9FFA92" box="[707,779,1321,1344]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">S. tani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="F32BE1D1FFF2CA52FC671522FBA0FA93" box="[973,1076,1320,1345]" name="Malaysia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
was shown to be different from any cytoforms reported from
<collectingCountry id="F32BE1D1FFF2CA52FE4C1546FDDEFAB7" box="[486,586,1356,1381]" name="Thailand" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Thailand</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F32BE1D1FFF2CA52FD2E1546FD42FAB7" box="[644,726,1356,1381]" name="Taiwan" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
and was designated as cytoform K of the
<taxonomicName id="4C3CDAC2FFF2CA52FB101547FAA7FAB6" authorityName="Takaoka &amp; Davies" authorityYear="1995" box="[1210,1331,1357,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tani" subGenus="Simulium">
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FB101547FB5BFAB6" box="[1210,1231,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">S.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FB4A1547FB61FAB6" box="[1248,1269,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">S.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FAAD1547FAA7FAB6" box="[1287,1331,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">tani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex (
<bibRefCitation id="EFADDCB0FFF2CA52FF34157AFEFDFA5A" box="[158,361,1392,1417]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref64437" refString="Adler, P. H., Huang, Y. T., Reeves, W. K., Kim, S. K., Otsuka, Y. &amp; Takaoka, H. (2013) Macrogenomic evidence for the origin of the black fly Simulium suzukii (Diptera: Simuliidae) on Okinawa Island, Japan. PLoS ONE, 8 (8), e 70765, 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0070765" type="journal article">
Adler
<emphasis id="B9487D53FFF2CA52FF4C157BFE8CFA5A" box="[230,280,1392,1416]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al</emphasis>
., 2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>