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<document id="AC2C6DFBF2E8DCC8FCAA1D4D88426004" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5427.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10841061" ID-ZooBank="923206B0-E8C5-4FD5-B882-55009ABB0282" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1710883068026" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Harzhauser, Mathias &amp; Landau, Bernard M." docDate="2024" docId="03CE9F1CFFA20C7FFF65FEA7EEB7F966" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5427.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5427 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5427.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.18:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="18" docTitle="Tudiclidae Cossmann 1901" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="FFF7E764FF9A0C47FFF2FFEDEC75FF87" masterDocTitle="The Colubrariidae, Eosiphonidae, Melongenidae, Pisaniidae, Prodotiidae and Tudiclidae (Gastropoda, Buccinoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea" masterLastPageNumber="110" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1710884243121" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="38CCDAA891AAEB430200D522AC4E5069">The Colubrariidae, Eosiphonidae, Melongenidae, Pisaniidae, Prodotiidae and Tudiclidae (Gastropoda, Buccinoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EE0D3109993B7643BE12355C9BA40AB0">Landau, Bernard M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7F71EF3FBBC68887993733B6EE5FBB7C">Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm-wien. ac. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655 &amp; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands; Instituto Dom Luiz da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749 - 016 Lisboa, Portugal; and International Health Centres, Av. Infante de Henrique 7, Areias São João, P- 8200 Albufeira, Portugal bernardmlandau @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7768 - 8494 &amp; Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm-wien. ac. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="C37D7D81FFA20C7FFF65FEA7EE39FEE3" box="[151,588,330,356]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD82E0AFFA20C7FFF65FEA7EE39FEE3" blockId="56.[151,588,330,356]" box="[151,588,330,356]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<heading id="D0909966FFA20C7FFF65FEA7EE39FEE3" bold="true" box="[151,588,330,356]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFF65FEA7EE39FEE3" bold="true" box="[151,588,330,356]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
Family
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFF04FEA7EE39FEE3" ID-CoL="8KTMT" authority="Cossmann, 1901" authorityName="Cossmann" authorityYear="1901" box="[246,588,330,356]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
Tudiclidae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFE72FEA7EE39FEE3" author="Cossmann, M." box="[384,588,330,356]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refId="ref79394" refString="Cossmann, M. (1901) Essais de paleoconchologie comparee. Quatrieme livraison. The author and Societe d'Editions Scientifiques, Paris, 293 pp. [http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36321572]" type="book" year="1901">Cossmann, 1901</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D7D81FFA20C7FFF65FE7FEE72FDE6" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD82E0AFFA20C7FFF65FE7FEE72FDE6" blockId="56.[151,1437,402,933]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFF65FE7FED06FE2B" bold="true" box="[151,371,402,428]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Revised diagnosis.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFE7AFE7EECB8FDE6" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
Shell medium-sized to medium-large, from 10 to about
<quantity id="4C9F83EFFFA20C7FFC0FFE7EE822FE2B" box="[1021,1111,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
in adults, with very short to very long siphonal canal, sometimes twisted or strongly inclined abaxially. Protoconch paucispiral, usually large to very large and bulbous. Axial sculpture usually present at least on adapical whorls, of rounded axial ribs or knobs varying in strength, rarely absent. Spiral sculpture completely absent, or represented by striae or cords of variable strength and density. Outer aperture lip smooth or lirate inside, inner lip calloused, sometimes bearing a parietal knob
</emphasis>
.” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFF1DFDAAED8FFDE6" author="Kantor, Yu. I. &amp; Fedosov, A. E. &amp; Koysan, A. R. &amp; Puillandre, N. &amp; Sorokin, P. A. &amp; Kano, Y. &amp; Clark, R. &amp; Bouchet, P." box="[239,506,583,609]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="789 - 857" refId="ref85869" refString="Kantor, Yu. I., Fedosov, A. E., Koysan, A. R., Puillandre, N., Sorokin, P. A., Kano, Y., Clark, R. &amp; Bouchet, P. (2022) Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the Buccinoidea (Neogastropoda). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 194, 789 - 857. [published in a journal issue in 2022, but made available online in 2021; because the paper is registred in Zoobank, the year of taxa description is fixed as 2021] https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 031" type="journal article" year="2022">
Kantor
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFEB4FDAAED0BFDE6" box="[326,382,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
2022: 832
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D7D81FFA20C7FFF35FD87ED83FB97" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD82E0AFFA20C7FFF35FD87ED08FC22" blockId="56.[151,1437,402,933]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFF35FD87ED39FD03" bold="true" box="[199,332,618,644]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Discussion.</emphasis>
The family was revised by Kantor
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFD04FD86EF46FD02" box="[758,819,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
(2021) based on molecular data. The living
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFAB5FD86ED3EFD2E" authority="J. E. Gray, 1850" authorityName="J. E. Gray" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Euthria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFAB5FD86E9E8FD02" box="[1351,1437,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Euthria</emphasis>
J.E.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFF3EFD62ED3EFD2E" author="Gray, J. E." box="[204,331,654,681]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refId="ref83151" refString="Gray, J. E. (1850) [text]. In: Gray, M. E. (Ed.), Figures of molluscous animals, selected from various authors. Vol. 4. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, London, pp. i - iv + 1 - 219 pp. (August). [frontispiece (portrait of Mrs. Gray) + pp. ii - iv (preface) + 1 - 62 (explanation of pls. 1 - 312 in Vols. 1 - 3) + 63 - 124 (systematic arrangement of figures) + 127 - 219 (reprint of Gray 1847), https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 11632090]" type="book" year="1850">Gray, 1850</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFE7BFD62EEF1FD2E" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[393,644,655,681]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFE7BFD62EDA8FD2E" box="[393,477,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFE1AFD62EEF1FD2E" author="Roding, P. F." box="[488,644,655,681]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refId="ref91273" refString="Roding, P. F. (1798) Museum Boltenianum sive Catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturae quae olim collegerat Joa. Fried Bolten, M. D. p. d. per XL. annos proto physicus Hamburgensis. Pars secunda continens Conchylia sive Testacea univalvia, bivalvia &amp; multivalvia. Trapp, Hamburg, viii + 199 pp. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 16230659]" type="book" year="1798">Röding, 1798</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
were placed in this family by Kantor
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFBBBFD62E8F1FD2E" box="[1097,1156,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
(2021). In addition, the extinct
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFF1EFD5EEE37FD4A" authority="Cossmann, 1901" authorityName="Cossmann" authorityYear="1901" box="[236,578,691,717]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Euthriofusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFF1EFD5EED0EFD4A" box="[236,379,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Euthriofusus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFE71FD5EEE37FD4A" author="Cossmann, M." box="[387,578,691,717]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refId="ref79394" refString="Cossmann, M. (1901) Essais de paleoconchologie comparee. Quatrieme livraison. The author and Societe d'Editions Scientifiques, Paris, 293 pp. [http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36321572]" type="book" year="1901">Cossmann, 1901</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, was moved into
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFCF9FD5EEFF7FD4A" authorityName="Cossmann" authorityYear="1901" box="[779,898,691,717]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Tudiclidae</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFC5DFD5EE8FFFD4A" author="Lozouet, P." box="[943,1162,691,717]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref87539" refString="Lozouet, P. (2021) Buccinoidea (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Neogastropoda) de l'Oligocene superieur (Chattien) du bassin de l'Adour (Sud-Ouest de la France). Cossmanniana, 22, 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="2021">Lozouet (2021: 33)</bibRefCitation>
based on conchological similarities with the
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFE89FD3AED87FD76" authorityName="Cossmann" authorityYear="1901" box="[379,498,727,753]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Tudiclidae</taxonomicName>
genus
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFDB2FD3AEF67FD76" authority="Conrad, 1858" authorityName="Conrad" authorityYear="1858" box="[576,786,726,753]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Afer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFDB2FD3AEE05FD76" box="[576,624,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Afer</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFD85FD3AEF67FD76" author="Conrad, T. A." box="[631,786,726,753]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="323 - 336" refId="ref79195" refString="Conrad, T. A. (1858) Observations of a group of Cretaceous fossil shells, found in Tippah County, Mississippi, with descriptions of fifty-six new species. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Series 2, 3, 323 - 336. [https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36848308]" type="journal article" year="1858">Conrad, 1858</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The family can be traced back to the Late Oligocene with species, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFEA8FD16EF69FC92" authority="Peyrot, 1928" authorityName="Peyrot" authorityYear="1928" box="[346,796,763,789]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Euthriofusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="peyreirensis">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFEA8FD16EE0EFC93" box="[346,635,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Euthriofusus peyreirensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFD74FD16EF69FC92" author="Peyrot, A." box="[646,796,763,789]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="207 - 465" refId="ref89792" refString="Peyrot, A. (1928) Conchologie neogenique de l'Aquitaine. Actes de la Societe Linneenne de Bordeaux, 79, 207 - 465, pls. 5 - 14. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 48879155]" type="journal article" year="1928">Peyrot, 1928</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from the northeastern Atlantic. This occurrence might hint at an Eocene/Early Oligocene origin in the tropical Eastern Atlantic. Cretaceous genera, listed in
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFAD7FCF2E9E9FCBE" authorityName="Cossmann" authorityYear="1901" box="[1317,1436,799,825]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Tudiclidae</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFF4EFCAEED37FCDA" author="Saul, L. R." box="[188,322,835,861]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref91626" refString="Saul, L. R. (1988) New Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary Perissityidae (Gastropoda) from the Pacific Slope of North America. Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Contributions in Science, 400, 1 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 241285" type="journal article" year="1988">Saul (1988)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFE8EFCAEEE2FFCDA" author="Harasewych, M. G." box="[380,602,835,861]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="35 - 44" refId="ref83505" refString="Harasewych, M. G. (2018) The anatomy of Tudicla spirillus (Linnaeus, 1767) and the relationships of the Tudiclidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda). The Nautilus, 132 (2), 35 - 44. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 318752 # page / 5 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="2018">Harasewych (2018)</bibRefCitation>
belong to extinct families, such as Pyropsinae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFB8BFCAEE937FCDA" author="Stephenson, L. W." box="[1145,1346,835,861]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 641" refId="ref92896" refString="Stephenson, L. W. (1941) The large invertebrate fossils of the Navarro Group of Texas (exclusive of corals and crustaceans and exclusive of the Escondido Formation). The University of Texas Publication, 4101, 1 - 641. [https: // repositories. lib. utexas. edu / bitstream / handle / 2152 / 77716 / txu-oclc- 1601178. pdf? sequence = 1 &amp; isAllowed = y]" type="journal article" year="1941">Stephenson, 1941</bibRefCitation>
(within
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFF65FC8AEE78FC06" authority="Cossmann, 1896" authorityName="Cossmann" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,525,871,897]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pholidotomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
Pholidotomidae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFEBDFC8AEE78FC06" author="Cossmann, M." box="[335,525,871,897]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refId="ref79283" refString="Cossmann, M. (1896) Essais de paleoconchologie comparee. Deuxieme livraison. Paris, The author and Comptoir Geologique, 179 pp. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 113486 # page / 207 / mode / 1 up] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52314" type="book" year="1896">Cossmann, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFDD2FC8AEFC5FC06" authority="Popenoe &amp; Saul, 1987" authorityName="Popenoe &amp; Saul" authorityYear="1987" box="[544,944,871,897]" class="Gastropoda" family="Perissityidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
Perissityidae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFD44FC8AEFC5FC06" author="Popenoe, W. P. &amp; Saul, L. R." box="[694,944,871,897]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref90125" refString="Popenoe, W. P. &amp; Saul, L. R. (1987) Evolution and classification of the late Cretaceous early Tertiary gastropod Perissitys. Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 380, 1 - 37. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 214269 # page / 251 / mode / 1 up] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 208124" type="journal article" year="1987">Popenoe &amp; Saul, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFC17FC8AE966FC06" authority="Serna, 1979" authorityName="Serna" authorityYear="1979" box="[997,1299,871,897]" class="Gastropoda" family="Johnwyattidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
Johnwyattidae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFB7CFC8AE966FC06" author="Serna, F. E." box="[1166,1299,871,897]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="5 - 55" refId="ref91969" refString="Serna, F. E. (1979) La fauna de moluscos del Paleoceno de Colombia. Moluscos de una capa del Paleoceno de Manantial (Guajira). Boletin de Geologia [Universidad Industrial de Santander, Colombia], 13 / 27, 5 - 55." type="journal article" year="1979">Serna, 1979</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFABFFC8AECA7FC22" author="Bandel, K." pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="7 - 56" refId="ref77038" refString="Bandel, K. (1993) Caenogastropoda during Mesozoic times. Scripta Geologica, Special Issue, 2, 7 - 56. [http: // www. paleoliste. de / bandel / bandel _ 1993 f. pdf]" type="journal article" year="1993">Bandel 1993</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFF2CFC66ED04FC22" author="Snyder, M. A." box="[222,369,907,933]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refId="ref92377" refString="Snyder, M. A. (2003) Catalogue of the marine gastropod family Fasciolariidae. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia Special Publication 21. Scientific Publications Department, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, iv + 431 pp. [https: // books. google. at / books? id = 9 Ycn 67 QUAJIC &amp; printsec = frontcover &amp; hl = de &amp; source = gbs _ ge _ summary _ r &amp; cad = 0 # v = onepage &amp; q &amp; f = false]" type="book" year="2003">Snyder 2003</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD82E0AFFA20C7FFF65FC1BED83FB97" blockId="56.[151,502,1014,1041]" box="[151,502,1014,1041]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFF65FC1BED83FB97" bold="true" box="[151,502,1014,1041]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFF1CFC1BED83FB97" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[238,502,1014,1041]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFF1CFC1BED3FFB96" bold="true" box="[238,330,1014,1041]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFEA0FC1BED83FB97" author="Roding, P. F." box="[338,502,1014,1040]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refId="ref91273" refString="Roding, P. F. (1798) Museum Boltenianum sive Catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturae quae olim collegerat Joa. Fried Bolten, M. D. p. d. per XL. annos proto physicus Hamburgensis. Pars secunda continens Conchylia sive Testacea univalvia, bivalvia &amp; multivalvia. Trapp, Hamburg, viii + 199 pp. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 16230659]" type="book" year="1798">Röding, 1798</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D7D81FFA20C7FFF65FBD2EFB5FB42" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BD82E0AFFA20C7FFF65FBD2EC98FBFA" blockId="56.[151,1437,1086,1761]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFF65FBD2ED46FBDF" bold="true" box="[151,307,1086,1113]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<typeStatus id="54DC90A8FFA20C7FFF65FBD2ECA7FBDE" box="[151,210,1087,1113]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFEC9FBD2EE0FFBDE" authority="Linne, 1767" authorityName="Linne" authorityYear="1767" box="[315,634,1087,1113]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="spirillus">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFEC9FBD2ED92FBDE" box="[315,487,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Murex spirillus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFE1CFBD2EE0FFBDE" author="Linne, C." box="[494,634,1087,1113]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="533 - 1327" refId="ref87372" refString="Linne, C. (1767) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. 12 th Edition. Regnum Animale. 1 &amp; 2. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm], pp. 1 - 532 (1766) + 533 - 1327 (1767). [http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 83650 # 5]" type="journal article" year="1767">Linné, 1767</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; subsequent designation by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFC44FBD2E8FEFBDE" author="Angas, G. F." box="[950,1163,1087,1113]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="610 - 611" refId="ref76540" refString="Angas, G. F. (1878) Description of a new species of Tudicula. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1878, 610 - 611. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 90451 # page / 192 / mode / 1 up] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1878. tb 07992. x" type="journal article" year="1878">Angas (1878: 611)</bibRefCitation>
. Present-day, Indo-West Pacific.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD82E0AFFA20C7FFF35FB6BEFB5FB42" blockId="56.[151,1437,1086,1761]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFF35FB6BEDD7FB27" bold="true" box="[199,418,1158,1184]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Revised diagnosis.</emphasis>
“[…]
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFE1EFB6AEE1FFB42" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">rounded body whorl, distinctive inductura, a long, well-demarcated siphonal canal, as well as a sharply defined siphonal fold</emphasis>
[…]” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFD49FB46EFC1FB42" author="Harasewych, M. G." box="[699,948,1195,1221]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="35 - 44" refId="ref83505" refString="Harasewych, M. G. (2018) The anatomy of Tudicla spirillus (Linnaeus, 1767) and the relationships of the Tudiclidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda). The Nautilus, 132 (2), 35 - 44. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 318752 # page / 5 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="2018">Harasewych 2018: 36</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37D7D81FFA20C7FFF35FB23EEB7F966" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD82E0AFFA20C7FFF35FB23EEB7F966" blockId="56.[151,1437,1086,1761]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFF35FB23ED39FB6F" bold="true" box="[199,332,1230,1256]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFEA5FB22EDDEFB6E" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[343,427,1231,1257]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFEA5FB22EDDEFB6E" box="[343,427,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by an extraordinarily long siphonal canal, a blunt columellar fold and prominent parietal fold. A large, mammillate protoconch is also typical for
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFBF8FB1EE82BFA8A" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[1034,1118,1267,1293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFBF8FB1EE82BFA8A" box="[1034,1118,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and some other
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFAD7FB1EE9E9FA8A" authorityName="Cossmann" authorityYear="1901" box="[1317,1436,1267,1293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Tudiclidae</taxonomicName>
such as
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFF01FAFAEDB2FAB6" authority="Conrad, 1858" authorityName="Conrad" authorityYear="1858" box="[243,455,1302,1329]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Afer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFF01FAFAED56FAB6" box="[243,291,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Afer</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFEDEFAFAEDB2FAB6" author="Conrad, T. A." box="[300,455,1302,1329]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="323 - 336" refId="ref79195" refString="Conrad, T. A. (1858) Observations of a group of Cretaceous fossil shells, found in Tippah County, Mississippi, with descriptions of fifty-six new species. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Series 2, 3, 323 - 336. [https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36848308]" type="journal article" year="1858">Conrad, 1858</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFE25FAFAEEF5FAB6" author="Fraussen, K." box="[471,640,1303,1329]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="41 - 48" refId="ref81630" refString="Fraussen, K. (2008) The genus Afer Conrad, 1858 (Gastropoda: Buccinidae), with descriptions of a new subgenus and a new species from western Africa. Novapex, 9 (1), 41 - 48." type="journal article" year="2008">Fraussen 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFD7CFAFAEF2BFAB6" author="Harasewych, M. G." box="[654,862,1303,1329]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="35 - 44" refId="ref83505" refString="Harasewych, M. G. (2018) The anatomy of Tudicla spirillus (Linnaeus, 1767) and the relationships of the Tudiclidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda). The Nautilus, 132 (2), 35 - 44. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 318752 # page / 5 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="2018">Harasewych 2018</bibRefCitation>
). First records of this genus probably date back to the Late Oligocene of
<collectingCountry id="F3706E9AFFA20C7FFE69FAD6EDAEFAD2" box="[411,475,1339,1365]" name="Japan" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFE1CFAD6EE7AFAD3" box="[494,527,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">e.g</emphasis>
.,
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFDD4FAD6EFFEFAD2" authority="Takeda, 1953" authorityName="Takeda" authorityYear="1953" box="[550,907,1338,1365]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFDD4FAD6EE93FAD3" box="[550,742,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla japonica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFD1DFAD6EFFEFAD2" author="Takeda, H." box="[751,907,1338,1365]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref93354" refString="Takeda, H. (1953) The Poronai Formation (Oligocene Tertiary) of Hokkaido and South Sakhalin and its fossil fauna. Studies on coal geology. Geological Section, The Hokkaido Association of Coal Mining Technologists. Studies on Coal Geology, 3, 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1953">Takeda, 1953</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFC6AFAD6E8BCFAD2" authority="Matsui, 1959" authorityName="Matsui" authorityYear="1959" box="[920,1225,1338,1365]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ishii">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFC6AFAD6E853FAD2" box="[920,1062,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla ishii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFBDDFAD6E8BCFAD2" author="Matsui, M." box="[1071,1225,1338,1365]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="289 - 304" refId="ref87900" refString="Matsui, M. (1959) On some Oligocene molluscan fossils from Hokkaido, Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Science Hokkaido University, Series 4, Geology and Mineralogy, 10, 289 - 304. [https: // eprints. lib. hokudai. ac. jp / dspace / bitstream / 2115 / 35909 / 1 / 10 (2) _ 289 - 304. pdf]" type="journal article" year="1959">Matsui, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFAF1FAD6E9EDFAD2" author="Takeda, H." box="[1283,1432,1338,1365]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref93354" refString="Takeda, H. (1953) The Poronai Formation (Oligocene Tertiary) of Hokkaido and South Sakhalin and its fossil fauna. Studies on coal geology. Geological Section, The Hokkaido Association of Coal Mining Technologists. Studies on Coal Geology, 3, 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1953">Takeda 1953</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 2, figs 1315;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFE97FAB2ED8DFAFE" author="Matsui, M." box="[357,504,1374,1401]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="289 - 304" refId="ref87900" refString="Matsui, M. (1959) On some Oligocene molluscan fossils from Hokkaido, Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Science Hokkaido University, Series 4, Geology and Mineralogy, 10, 289 - 304. [https: // eprints. lib. hokudai. ac. jp / dspace / bitstream / 2115 / 35909 / 1 / 10 (2) _ 289 - 304. pdf]" type="journal article" year="1959">Matsui 1959</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 2, fig. 4), but the poor preservation does not allow a clear identification. The oldest undoubted occurrences are Early Miocene records of
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFCC4FA6EE8A7FA1A" authority="(de Basterot, 1825)" baseAuthorityName="de Basterot" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[822,1234,1410,1437]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rusticula">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFCC4FA6EEF80FA1A" box="[822,1013,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla rusticula</emphasis>
(de
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFBD4FA6EE8BFFA1A" author="Basterot, B. de" box="[1062,1226,1410,1437]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref77081" refString="Basterot, B. de (1825) Memoire Geologique sur les Environs de Bordeaux. Premiere partie comprenant les observations generales sur les mollusques fossiles, et la description particuliere de ceux qu'on rencontre dans ce bassin. Memoires de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 2 / 1, 1 - 100. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 23524 # page / 13 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="1825">Basterot, 1825</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the Circum-Mediterranean Region. During the Middle Miocene,
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFD01FA4AE837FA46" authority="(Stur, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Stur" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[755,1090,1447,1473]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hoernesi">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFD01FA4AEFC5FA46" box="[755,944,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla hoernesi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFC33FA4AE84CFA46" author="Stur, D." box="[961,1081,1447,1473]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="303 - 342" refId="ref93180" refString="Stur, D. (1870) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der stratigraphischen Verhaltnisse der marinen Stufe des Wiener Beckens. Jahrbuch der k. k. Geologischen Reichsanstalt, 20, 303 - 342. https: // opac. geologie. ac. at / ais 312 / dokumente / JB 0203 _ 303 _ A. pdf]" type="journal article" year="1870">Stur, 1870</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
represents a second European
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFF65FA26ED3CFA62" box="[151,329,1483,1509]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFF65FA26EC9EFA62" box="[151,235,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
Additional Middle Miocene species might be represented by
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFC1CFA26E95DFA62" authority="Tate, 1888" authorityName="Tate" authorityYear="1888" box="[1006,1320,1483,1509]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFC1CFA26E8D9FA62" box="[1006,1196,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla angulata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFB42FA26E95DFA62" author="Tate, R." box="[1200,1320,1483,1509]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="91 - 176" refId="ref93405" refString="Tate, R. (1888) The gastropods of the older Tertiary of Australia. (Part I). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 10, 91 - 176. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 1613909]" type="journal article" year="1888">Tate, 1888</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFAC3FA26ED78F98E" authority="Tate, 1888" authorityName="Tate" authorityYear="1888" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="costata">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFAC3FA26E9E9FA63" box="[1329,1436,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T. costata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFF65FA02ED78F98E" author="Tate, R." box="[151,269,1519,1545]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="91 - 176" refId="ref93405" refString="Tate, R. (1888) The gastropods of the older Tertiary of Australia. (Part I). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 10, 91 - 176. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 1613909]" type="journal article" year="1888">Tate, 1888</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFEB6FA02EE31F98E" authority="Tate, 1888" authorityName="Tate" authorityYear="1888" box="[324,580,1519,1545]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turbinata">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFEB6FA02EDB2F98E" box="[324,455,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T. turbinata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFE3CFA02EE31F98E" author="Tate, R." box="[462,580,1519,1545]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="91 - 176" refId="ref93405" refString="Tate, R. (1888) The gastropods of the older Tertiary of Australia. (Part I). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 10, 91 - 176. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 1613909]" type="journal article" year="1888">Tate, 1888</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from southern
<collectingCountry id="F3706E9AFFA20C7FFD1DFA02EF23F98E" box="[751,854,1519,1545]" name="Australia" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Australia</collectingCountry>
(age according to
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFBD4FA02E8C8F98E" author="Squires, R. L." box="[1062,1213,1519,1545]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1199 - 1215" refId="ref92608" refString="Squires, R. L. (2011) Northeast Pacific Cretaceous Record of Pyropsis (Neogastropoda: Pyropsidae) and paleobiogeography of the genus. Journal of Paleontology, 85, 1199 - 1215. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 11 - 063.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Squires 2011</bibRefCitation>
). These species will need confirmation, because the illustrations in
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFD41F9FEEF42F9AA" author="Tate, R." box="[691,823,1555,1581]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="91 - 176" refId="ref93405" refString="Tate, R. (1888) The gastropods of the older Tertiary of Australia. (Part I). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 10, 91 - 176. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 1613909]" type="journal article" year="1888">Tate (1888)</bibRefCitation>
do not show any of the important apertural features.
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFF65F9DAEC9EF9D6" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[151,235,1591,1617]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFF65F9DAEC9EF9D6" box="[151,235,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was also reported from Cretaceous, Paleocene and Eocene strata (
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFC34F9DAEF92F9D7" box="[966,999,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">e.g</emphasis>
.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFC09F9DAE81FF9D6" author="Cox, L. R." box="[1019,1130,1590,1617]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="201 - 216" refId="ref79578" refString="Cox, L. R. (1925) Cretaceous Gastropoda from Portuguese East Africa. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 11, 201 - 216. [https: // journals. co. za / doi / epdf / 10.10520 / AJA 00411752 _ 703]" type="journal article" year="1925">Cox 1925</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFB86F9DAE883F9D6" author="Traub, F." box="[1140,1270,1591,1617]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="93 - 123" refId="ref93689" refString="Traub, F. (1979) Weitere Paleozan-Gastropoden aus dem Helvetikum des Haunsberges nordlich von Salzburg. Mitteilungen der Bayerischen Staatssammlung fur Palaontologie und historische Geologie, 19, 93 - 123. [https: // www. zobodat. at / pdf / Mitt- Bayer-Staatsslg-Pal-hist-Geol _ 19 _ 0093 - 0123. pdf]" type="journal article" year="1979">Traub 1979</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFB0DF9DAECA5F9F2" author="Abdel-Gawad, G. I." pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 211" refId="ref75995" refString="Abdel-Gawad, G. I. (1986) Maastrichtian non-cephalopod mollusks (Scaphopoda, Gastropoda, Bivalvia) of the Middle Vistula Valley, Central Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica, 36, 1 - 211. [https: // geojournals. pgi. gov. pl / agp / article / view / 9472 / 8020]" type="journal article" year="1986">Abdel-Gawad 1986</bibRefCitation>
) but in our opinion
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFE4BF9B6EE01F9F2" box="[441,628,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla krenkeli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFD89F9B6EE86F9F2" author="Cox, L. R." box="[635,755,1626,1653]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="201 - 216" refId="ref79578" refString="Cox, L. R. (1925) Cretaceous Gastropoda from Portuguese East Africa. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 11, 201 - 216. [https: // journals. co. za / doi / epdf / 10.10520 / AJA 00411752 _ 703]" type="journal article" year="1925">Cox, 1925</bibRefCitation>
, from the Maastrichtian of
<collectingCountry id="F3706E9AFFA20C7FFBD6F9B6E8CEF9F2" box="[1060,1211,1627,1653]" name="Mozambique" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
, and several species described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFEDFF992EE68F91E" author="Abdel-Gawad, G. I." box="[301,541,1663,1689]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 211" refId="ref75995" refString="Abdel-Gawad, G. I. (1986) Maastrichtian non-cephalopod mollusks (Scaphopoda, Gastropoda, Bivalvia) of the Middle Vistula Valley, Central Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica, 36, 1 - 211. [https: // geojournals. pgi. gov. pl / agp / article / view / 9472 / 8020]" type="journal article" year="1986">Abdel-Gawad (1986)</bibRefCitation>
from the Maastrichtian of
<collectingCountry id="F3706E9AFFA20C7FFCBDF992EFD5F91E" box="[847,928,1663,1689]" name="Poland" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Poland</collectingCountry>
, belong in the Pyropsinae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFB3FF992E9EDF91E" author="Stephenson, L. W." box="[1229,1432,1663,1689]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 641" refId="ref92896" refString="Stephenson, L. W. (1941) The large invertebrate fossils of the Navarro Group of Texas (exclusive of corals and crustaceans and exclusive of the Escondido Formation). The University of Texas Publication, 4101, 1 - 641. [https: // repositories. lib. utexas. edu / bitstream / handle / 2152 / 77716 / txu-oclc- 1601178. pdf? sequence = 1 &amp; isAllowed = y]" type="journal article" year="1941">Stephenson, 1941</bibRefCitation>
. Similarly,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFEFFF94EED8FF93A" author="Squires, R. L." box="[269,506,1699,1725]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1199 - 1215" refId="ref92608" refString="Squires, R. L. (2011) Northeast Pacific Cretaceous Record of Pyropsis (Neogastropoda: Pyropsidae) and paleobiogeography of the genus. Journal of Paleontology, 85, 1199 - 1215. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 11 - 063.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Squires (2011: 1204)</bibRefCitation>
rejected Paleocene and Eocene occurrences and excluded these from
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFAE0F94EE913F93A" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[1298,1382,1699,1725]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFAE0F94EE913F93A" box="[1298,1382,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="4C675589FFA20C7FFEDCF92AEDF7F966" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[302,386,1735,1761]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tudiclidae" genus="Tudicla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913F218FFA20C7FFEDCF92AEDF7F966" box="[302,386,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tudicla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
see
<bibRefCitation id="EFF653FBFFA20C7FFE46F92AEECBF966" author="Harasewych, M. G." box="[436,702,1735,1761]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="35 - 44" refId="ref83505" refString="Harasewych, M. G. (2018) The anatomy of Tudicla spirillus (Linnaeus, 1767) and the relationships of the Tudiclidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda). The Nautilus, 132 (2), 35 - 44. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 318752 # page / 5 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="2018">Harasewych (2018: 36)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>