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<document id="D0E53EC63C8636920DB0ED91588BFEF7" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14734630" ID-ZooBank="8EF2BC5F-5939-440C-A053-A8924F07A42C" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1737736316380" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zheng, Xinyi, Li, Yuang, Tan, Zhixiang &amp; Wu, SanAn" docDate="2025" docId="03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5570.1.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5570 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu 2025, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="133" masterDocId="FFF4FC4F2325FF8CFFCB537EFFB5FF8F" masterDocTitle="A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu" masterLastPageNumber="137" masterPageNumber="119" pageNumber="127" updateTime="1738059294444" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="ABED2F44C03E12A6D7E1BDCF06930BEE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A23E6115FE940B648CB5637E8CB927BB">
<mods:title id="71D637EF973B0FE8D40BFEDE9BD34755">A new species of the genus Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Putoidae) from China and redescription of Puto huangshanensis Wu</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="9BA3EC95BD7793D9DC861FD9E0B64978" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E12159A7C367C544B608CB806305E0FD">
<mods:roleTerm id="10931D759E4488AE36DA1688D0680CCA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="991C64BA5A39CA5DE7F8BD6C331161E2">Zheng, Xinyi</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="784E8563E6A5D90ED13DE9DCE874A57E" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7396-7488</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F3058BD91DFC0B95A251C4A48B845641">The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="33A0006B6EA4E81FA1988A3BEBF1CCE5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="57DE75CE1467610AFE8F97951A2E8DF8">
<mods:roleTerm id="B103E4CE6465809FA1454BFA06393F81">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F90874AE47A80A1454EBABEB2D6D76B7">Li, Yuang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="07F512CCA2B72B9737A4686859E33B03" type="ORCID">0009-0004-8851-6796</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="24A5277F12CB5A66AE104D178416AD10">The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="649DC95E1B90D71CB5371F177DE0B99E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AEB50B499A8625BD51D7A5912C00214E">
<mods:roleTerm id="DCAD64ED1770FA300839EC4AB9B767AD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2801C0A8536DB726BC07CFC260396D28">Tan, Zhixiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="868A6CF24AA0A2AA13C989A711EE90B2" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9754-8341</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DBC20AC5B68460CF801743AC97DA3747">Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University; The Provincial Special Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Insect Resources, Guizhou University; Guiyang, 550025, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="EBBB959301591A3A5288AE0E758F809D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CD15CCD08539F17CE4F936433685C19B">
<mods:roleTerm id="2F979A2BE3D20F80ADC4C1B39DD31676">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2D278AE13DC49C7F41E1BF758F7FFF8C">Wu, SanAn</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="833E15D4132D7034B228FB5E70F78551" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9671-9401</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="03303358A0E321506519DBEF2C71D0F8">The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BFCBBED3A04C61638AED9BE8F92B8099" type="email">sananwu@bjfu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="FF2C35A96A013FB38DD19F8F88D53F0A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="51307B4A4C3DEA1B5800679FA4008CD9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="987D9A20FAEFC2C1891A4B5583AC860E">
<mods:date id="D7EDA7B4276C83B45F76E8F66B577792">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FBAA2EEFCBFCC4F1D59C97E5BC0F3A1B">2025-01-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F816706A000FDDEB106182DE33587C70">5570</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="69C901875A2ED729A83AB989BB061689">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="B054A9BE495648675CFA27A5697FD7EF">119</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="C3401631AA7DC5DF880E4A0130873A03">https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="F270B22AFB885E374C94277AC8D2567D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E3A2EF8ECCED0583BF319DA41E876389" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5570.1.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CC7930383FCF0E86D838642014B6497C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="57B68015D20A0A7AA570B765D55450A7" type="Zenodo-Dep">14734630</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A14CD2FC61F0BB7282902C485B514AED" type="ZooBank">8EF2BC5F-5939-440C-A053-A8924F07A42C</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734638" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14734638" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
<subSubSection id="C37E66AA232DFF84FF5C578DFD81FA82" box="[151,564,1266,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232DFF84FF5C578DFD81FA82" blockId="8.[151,564,1266,1293]" box="[151,564,1266,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
<heading id="D093824D232DFF84FF5C578DFD81FA82" bold="true" box="[151,564,1266,1293]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B910E933232DFF84FF5C578DFD81FA82" bold="true" box="[151,564,1266,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232DFF84FF5C578DFE50FA82" authority="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2025" box="[151,485,1266,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910E933232DFF84FF5C578DFE8DFA82" bold="true" box="[151,312,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Puto sinensis</emphasis>
Zheng &amp; Wu
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2235448232DFF84FE3A578DFD81FA82" box="[497,564,1267,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E66AA232DFF84FF5C5644FA2FF9FA" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232DFF84FF5C5644FD90FA4E" blockId="8.[151,1437,1338,1725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
<emphasis id="B910E933232DFF84FF5C5644FDB1FADA" bold="true" box="[151,516,1338,1365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
Material examined.
<materialsCitation id="3B0C3F7C232DFF84FE465645FA2CFAF6" collectedFrom="on Lindera communis (Lauraceae)" collectingDate="2023-05-01" collectorName="Zhixiang Tan" country="China" county="Kaiyang County" location="Nanjiang Grand Canyon" municipality="Guiyang City" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Guizhou Prov." typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54DF8B83232DFF84FE465645FE4BFADA" box="[397,510,1339,1365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="9D62FEA8232DFF84FDC55645FDFBFADA" box="[526,590,1339,1365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="adult">Adult</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D62FEA8232DFF84FD9C5645FDD8FADA" box="[599,621,1339,1365]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="female"></specimenCount>
;
<collectingCountry id="F37375B1232DFF84FDB55645FD6EFADA" box="[638,731,1339,1365]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">CHINA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49A0FBC3232DFF84FD235645FC25FADA" box="[744,912,1339,1365]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Guizhou Prov.</collectingRegion>
, /
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBFAF5B232DFF84FC7B5645FBFEFADA" box="[944,1099,1339,1365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Guiyang City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62BA4DAD232DFF84FB925645FAA3FADA" box="[1113,1302,1339,1365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Kaiyang County</collectingCounty>
, /
<location id="8EBB63FA232DFF84FAFD5645FE8AFAF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6:8EBB63FA232DFF84FAFD5645FE8AFAF6" country="China" county="Kaiyang County" municipality="Guiyang City" name="Nanjiang Grand Canyon" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" stateProvince="Guizhou Prov.">Nanjiang Grand Canyon</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E6232DFF84FE80561EFE66FAF4" box="[331,467,1376,1403]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">26°9556″N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E6232DFF84FE14561EFDC5FAF4" box="[479,624,1376,1403]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">106º9874″E</geoCoordinate>
, /
<collectedFrom id="387876DC232DFF84FD405621FBA7FAF6" box="[651,1042,1375,1401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
on
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232DFF84FD645621FC37FAF7" box="[687,898,1375,1401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Lindera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
<emphasis id="B910E933232DFF84FD645621FC37FAF7" box="[687,898,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Lindera communis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232DFF84FC5A5621FBBFFAF6" box="[913,1034,1375,1401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
)
</collectedFrom>
, /
<date id="FFDA13E1232DFF84FBE65621FB0FFAF6" box="[1069,1210,1375,1401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" value="2023-05-01">
<collectingDate id="EF9EEA09232DFF84FBE65621FB0FFAF6" box="[1069,1210,1375,1401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" value="2023-05-01">1 May 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
, /
<collectorName id="269150F7232DFF84FB1E5621FAD9FAF6" box="[1237,1388,1375,1401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Zhixiang Tan</collectorName>
leg
</materialsCitation>
</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="54DF8B83232DFF84FF5C56FDFF4AFA12" box="[151,255,1411,1437]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
mounted together with
<specimenCount id="9D62FEA8232DFF84FDC456FDFD17FA12" box="[527,674,1411,1437]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="female" typeStatus="paratype">1 paratype ♀</specimenCount>
on 1 slide (
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE4232DFF84FCE256FDFCCDFA12" box="[809,888,1411,1437]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">BFUC</collectionCode>
);
<typeStatus id="54DF8B83232DFF84FC4656FDFC5AFA12" box="[909,1007,1411,1437]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
specimen is indicated with a circle in permanent marker on the coverslip.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232DFF84FF0C56B5FA2FF9FA" blockId="8.[151,1437,1338,1725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
<materialsCitation id="3B0C3F7C232DFF84FF0C56B5FBBAF986" collectedFrom="on Lindera communis (Lauraceae)" collectingDate="2021-04-20" collectionCode="BFUC" collectorName="Zhixiang Tan" country="China" county="Yao Autonomous County" location="Ruyuan" municipality="Ruyuan" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" specimenCount="13" specimenCount-female="10" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Guangdong Prov." typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B910E933232DFF84FF0C56B5FEFDFA6A" bold="true" box="[199,328,1483,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
<typeStatus id="54DF8B83232DFF84FF0C56B5FEF6FA6A" box="[199,323,1483,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
CHINA: same data as holotype,
<specimenCount id="9D62FEA8232DFF84FD0D56B5FCBCFA6A" box="[710,777,1483,1509]" count="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="female">6 ♀♀</specimenCount>
: 1 mounted together with holotype on 1 slide, 1 mounted singly on 1 slide, and 2 slides each containing
<specimenCount id="9D62FEA8232DFF84FD605691FD63F986" box="[683,726,1519,1545]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
mounted together (
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE4232DFF84FC7F5691FBB6F986" box="[948,1027,1519,1545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">BFUC</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B0C3F7C232DFF84FBD35691FA23F9FA" collectedFrom="Photinia serratifolia (Rosaceae" collectingDate="2021-04-20" collectionCode="BFUC" collectorName="San-an Wu" country="China" county="Yao Autonomous County of Ruyuan" location="Nanling National Forest Park" municipality="Shaoguan City" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Guangdong Prov.">
also
<specimenCount id="9D62FEA8232DFF84FB865691FB24F986" box="[1101,1169,1519,1545]" count="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
: 2 mounted singly on 2 slides and 1 preserved in glycerine; 4 forewings mounted together on 1 slide, and 2 forewings mounted together on 1 slide.
<collectingCountry id="F37375B1232DFF84FF3A5549FEFBF9DE" box="[241,334,1591,1617]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">CHINA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49A0FBC3232DFF84FE915549FD97F9DE" box="[346,546,1591,1617]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Guangdong Prov.</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBFAF5B232DFF84FDE65549FD60F9DE" box="[557,725,1591,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Shaoguan City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62BA4DAD232DFF84FD2B5549FBCAF9DE" box="[736,1151,1591,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Yao Autonomous County of Ruyuan</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8EBB63FA232DFF84FB405549FF78F9FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD8437232DFF82FF5C578DFD0BF8A6:8EBB63FA232DFF84FB405549FF78F9FA" country="China" county="Yao Autonomous County of Ruyuan" municipality="Shaoguan City" name="Nanling National Forest Park" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" stateProvince="Guangdong Prov.">Nanling National Forest Park</location>
, on
<collectedFrom id="387876DC232DFF84FF375525FDD5F9FA" box="[252,608,1627,1653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232DFF84FF375525FE54F9FA" box="[252,481,1627,1653]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Photinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serratifolia">
<emphasis id="B910E933232DFF84FF375525FE54F9FA" box="[252,481,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Photinia serratifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232DFF84FE3B5525FDD5F9FA" box="[496,608,1627,1653]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
),
<collectorName id="269150F7232DFF84FDB95525FD5BF9FA" box="[626,750,1627,1653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">San-an Wu</collectorName>
leg.,
<date id="FFDA13E1232DFF84FCE75525FC12F9FA" box="[812,935,1627,1653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" value="2021-04-20">
<collectingDate id="EF9EEA09232DFF84FCE75525FC12F9FA" box="[812,935,1627,1653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" value="2021-04-20">20.iv.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
:
<specimenCount id="9D62FEA8232DFF84FC7A5525FC45F9FA" box="[945,1008,1627,1653]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
mounted together on 1 slide (
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE4232DFF84FAF55525FA38F9FA" box="[1342,1421,1627,1653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">BFUC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E66AA232DFF84FF0C5501FC21F932" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232DFF84FF0C5501FC21F932" blockId="8.[151,1437,1338,1725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
<emphasis id="B910E933232DFF84FF0C5501FEFBF916" bold="true" box="[199,334,1663,1689]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name is formed by combination of the Latin prefix
<emphasis id="B910E933232DFF84FB9E5501FBC3F917" box="[1109,1142,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">sin</emphasis>
-, referring to
<collectingCountry id="F37375B1232DFF84FAED5501FAD9F916" box="[1318,1388,1663,1689]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">China</collectingCountry>
, the country of collection, with the Latin suffix -
<emphasis id="B910E933232DFF84FD4655DDFD70F933" box="[653,709,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">ensis</emphasis>
, meaning from.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E66AA232DFF87FF5C5470FED0FE92" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232DFF84FF5C5470FE8CF8A7" blockId="8.[151,313,1806,1832]" box="[151,313,1806,1832]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
<heading id="D093824D232DFF84FF5C5470FE8CF8A7" bold="true" box="[151,313,1806,1832]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B910E933232DFF84FF5C5470FE8CF8A7" bold="true" box="[151,313,1806,1832]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Adult female</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232DFF84FF5C5428FD9AF81A" blockId="8.[151,1437,1878,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
<emphasis id="B910E933232DFF84FF5C5428FEC7F8FF" bold="true" box="[151,370,1878,1904]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Appearance in life</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232DFF84FE4A5429FD92F8FE" box="[385,551,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1113,1137]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,234,1086]" captionTargetId="figure-45@3.[151,1436,234,1086]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Habitus photographs. Puto huangshanensis Wu: A: dorsal view of adult female. Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n.: B: habitat of the type samples; C: dorsal view of adult female (photographed by Rixin Jiang); D: adult male and white, felted cocoons on fallen leaves." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734634/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Figs 1B and C</figureCitation>
). Body oval, dorsum covered with plates of dense white flocculent wax, venter thinly coated with mealy white wax.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232DFF84FF0C54E0FA29F852" blockId="8.[151,1437,1878,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
<emphasis id="B910E933232DFF84FF0C54E0FE51F837" bold="true" box="[199,484,1950,1976]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Slide-mounted material</emphasis>
(n=9) (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232DFF84FDF554E1FD30F836" box="[574,645,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Body 3.55.0 mm long and 2.0
<quantity id="4C9C98C4232DFF84FBDF54E1FBDEF836" box="[1044,1131,1951,1977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
wide. Derm membranous. Antennae 9-segmented, each
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<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E6232DFF84FDEA54BCFDDAF852" box="[545,623,1986,2013]" degrees="1,550" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" precision="55" value="-1.55">1,550</geoCoordinate>
μm long; segment lengths (in µm): I, 150183; II, 123163; III longest,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232CFF85FF5C53E8FD87FAF6" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
225250; IV, 145163 V, 143205;
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE4232CFF85FDFA53E9FDE4FF3E" box="[561,593,151,177]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">VI</collectionCode>
, 140155; VII, 138148; VIII, 128155; and IX, 168208. Each segment nearly cylindrical, except apical segment ovoid; antenna with few hair-like setae, each 75150 μm long. Scape (segment I) widest, 153180 μm wide, with fewest hair-like setae (4 or 5); pedicel (segment II) (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FB1453A1FA8DFF76" box="[1247,1336,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
) 68103 μm wide, with 1 circular sensory pore and 1 or 2 coeloconic sensilla; remaining segments each 5066 μm wide. Segments III, IV and
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE4232CFF85FE4D5259FE11FECE" box="[390,420,295,321]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">VI</collectionCode>
each with a pair of intersegmental sensilla (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FC465259FC56FECE" box="[909,995,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
) near distal end; segments VII and VIII each with a sensory seta near apex, 4578 μm long; apical segment (IX) with 2023 hair-like setae, 3 sensory setae, and sometimes with 1 coeloconic sensilla. Eyes protruding, each with stem sclerotized and apex membranous; eye prominence 155185 μm long, situated posterior to scape. Clypeolabral shield 385440 μm long, with anterior part sinking into derm, posterior part exposed and bearing a pair of hair-like setae, each seta about 185 μm long. Labium (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FF5452A5FF4DFE7A" box="[159,248,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
) 3-segmented, 335360 μm long; segment I poorly sclerotized, bearing 2 hair-like setae (each 58130 μm long) and 1 spine-like seta 4555 μm on each side; segments II and III sclerotized, segment II with 1 hair-like seta on each side; segment III with many hair-like setae, shorter setae near apex each 1040 μm long. Legs well developed, lengths (in μm): foreleg shortest: entire length
<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E6232CFF85FCD25138FCECFDEE" box="[793,857,582,609]" degrees="2,075" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" precision="55" value="2.075">2,075</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E6232CFF85FC925138FC1CFDEE" box="[857,937,582,609]" degrees="2,170" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" precision="55" value="-2.17">2,170</geoCoordinate>
; coxa 330370; trochanter + femur 728780; tibia 670730; tarsus 230250, and claw 7078; middle leg: entire length
<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E6232CFF85FC055114FBBBFD0A" box="[974,1038,618,645]" degrees="2,225" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" precision="55" value="2.225">2,225</geoCoordinate>
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; coxa 380400; trochanter + femur 758855; tibia 710780; tarsus 230270, and claw 7585; hind leg longest: entire length
<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E6232CFF85FB0751F0FAB8FD26" box="[1228,1293,654,681]" degrees="2,470" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" precision="55" value="2.47">2,470</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E6232CFF85FAC651F0FAE9FD26" box="[1293,1372,654,681]" degrees="2,538" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" precision="55" value="-2.538">2,538</geoCoordinate>
; coxa 330405; trochanter + femur 890930; tibia 880920; tarsus 240275, and claw 6088. Hind leg tibia + tarsus 1.30 1.34 times as long as trochanter + femur; tibia 3.23.5 times as long as tarsus. Legs each with many hair-like setae, each 68135 μm long; translucent pores absent. Trochanters each with 2 basal setae (about 5 μm long) and bearing 3 sensory pores on each surface plus a long hair-like seta, 273350 μm long. Femora each with some spine-like setae on ventral side, each seta 3555 μm long. Tibiae each with some short spine-like setae, each about 35 μm long. Tarsi each with 1 tarsal campaniform sensillum proximally; tarsal digitules each with pointed apex. Claws (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FAF65019FA21FC0E" box="[1341,1428,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
) each with a plantar denticle and a pair of basal spurs; claw digitules each 6068 μm long with capitate apex, longer than claw. Thoracic spiracles (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FE3B50D1FDF0FC46" box="[496,581,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
) each with opening 105125 μm in diameter, metathoracic spiracles larger. Circulus short and wide, 270375 μm wide, more than three times as wide as long, without a medial constriction, situated inside posterior margin of abdominal segment III. Anterior and posterior ostioles each with inner edges of lips sclerotized, each lip with numerous lanceolate setae and trilocular pores, without oral collar tubular ducts. Anal ring (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FF1E5741FE9FFBD6" box="[213,298,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
) 125135 μm in diameter, with 35 rows of cells in a single anal ring, and bearing 6 sharply-tipped setae, each 275340 μm long. Nearby is 1 pair of cisanal setae, each 160245 μm long. Cerarii numbering 17 basic pairs (preocular cerarii (C
<subScript id="17E03764232CFF85FE7D57E7FE0BFB28" attach="left" box="[438,446,1177,1191]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">2</subScript>
) absent); also a few supplementary cerarii usually present between thorax and abdominal segment IV. Cerarii each with many lanceolate setae (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FD3257D5FCE7FB4A" box="[761,850,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
) (each seta 3048 μm long and about 8 μm wide at widest point) and a compact group of trilocular pores (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FD3057B1FCE0FB66" box="[763,853,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
), each pore 78 μm in diameter, but without tubular ducts. Cerarii each situated on a weakly sclerotized area with margin not clearly defined. Anal lobe cerarii each containing 2530 lanceolate setae and 3540 trilocular pores, all situated on a sclerotized area (145200 μm wide) occupying most of lobe, with sclerotized area larger than anal ring. A few discoidal pores (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FBB55645FB7EFADA" box="[1150,1227,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4I</figureCitation>
) present near most cerarii, each about 3 μm in diameter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232CFF85FF0C56FDFB0DF9DE" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B910E933232CFF85FF0C56FDFE94FA13" box="[199,289,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Dorsum</emphasis>
. With lanceolate setae (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FDF856FDFD37FA12" box="[563,642,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4J</figureCitation>
) each 2040 μm long, smaller than a cerarian seta; forming group on head and loose transverse bands across other segments. Multilocular disc-pores absent. Trilocular pores (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FAF056D9FA21FA4E" box="[1339,1428,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4K</figureCitation>
) each 67 μm in diameter, numerous, forming broad transverse bands across each segment. Submarginal line of relatively bare cuticle with only a few lanceolate setae and trilocular pores. Oral collar tubular ducts (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FAD55691FAC1F986" box="[1310,1396,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4L</figureCitation>
) of only 1 large
<typeStatus id="54DF8B83232CFF85FEE2556DFEE9F9A2" box="[297,348,1555,1581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">type</typeStatus>
, each outer ductule 2325 μm long and 810 μm wide; with 25 ducts present submedially on head, on submargins of thorax, and forming groups (of up to 4 ducts) posterior to most cerarii.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232CFF87FF0C5525FED0FE92" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,1329]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B910E933232CFF85FF0C5525FEA6F9FB" box="[199,275,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Venter.</emphasis>
Lanceolate setae absent. With slender flagellate setae (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FC5B5525FC47F9FA" box="[912,1010,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4M</figureCitation>
), each 75230 μm long, scattered on head, around legs and abdominal spiracles, and on median area of thorax; also forming transverse band across each abdominal segment, and in small groups around vulva and on submargins of each segment. With multilocular disc-pores of 2 sizes: (i) small disc-pores (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FDF255B9FD26F96E" box="[569,659,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4N</figureCitation>
), each 1012 μm in diameter, with 5, 7 or 9 (mostly 7) circular loculi; numerous from head to abdominal segment
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE4232CFF85FD4C5595FD12F88A" box="[647,679,1771,1797]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">VI</collectionCode>
, reaching almost to margins except on abdominal segment
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE4232CFF85FA895595FAD6F88A" box="[1346,1379,1771,1797]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">VI</collectionCode>
; also forming group near each thoracic spiracle; and (ii) large disc-pores (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FC575471FC43F8A6" box="[924,1014,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4O</figureCitation>
), each about 13 μm in diameter, with 5 or 7 (mostly 7) kidney-shaped loculi; present on posteriormost 3 abdominal segments, numerous around vulva, not reaching to margins. Trilocular pores (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FDB35429FD7BF8FE" box="[632,718,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4P</figureCitation>
), each about 5 μm in diameter (smaller than those on dorsum), distributed similarly to that of setae but more numerous on margins and posterior areas of abdomen. Oral collar tubular ducts of
<specimenCount id="9D62FEA8232CFF85FE8354E1FE2FF836" box="[328,410,1951,1977]" count="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" type="generic" typeStatus="types">3 types</specimenCount>
: (i) large ducts (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FD8C54E1FD29F836" box="[583,668,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4L</figureCitation>
), same size as ducts on dorsum, few on margins of posterior abdomen; (ii) small ducts (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232CFF85FE9854BDFE1BF852" box="[339,430,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Fig. 4Q</figureCitation>
), each outer ductule 1923 μm long and 57 μm wide; forming groups on margins, also with few near each thoracic spiracle and pro- and meso-coxa, and also forming short submedial transverse bands on abdominal segments IVVII; and (iii) slender ducts (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232EFF87FD2453C5FCFCFF5A" box="[751,841,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-23@10.[269,1318,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: antennal segment II; B: intersegmental sensillum; C: labium; D: claw; E: thoracic spiracle; F: anal ring; G: lanceolate cerarian seta; H: trilocular pore found in cerarii; I. discoidal pore; J: lanceolate seta on dorsum; K: trilocular pore on dorsum; L: large oral collar tubular duct; M: slender flagellate seta; N: small multilocular disc-pores; O: large multilocular disc-pore; P: trilocular pore on venter; Q: small oral collar tubular duct; R: slender oral collar tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">Fig. 4R</figureCitation>
), each outer ductule 2528 μm long and about 3 μm wide, sometimes deformed; with about 10 ducts anterior to clypeolabral shield. Each anal lobe with 1 anal lobe seta, 290350 μm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF1B65A9232FFF86FF5C543EFE60F867" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734642" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14734642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734642/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="129" startId="10.[151,250,1856,1880]" targetBox="[269,1316,183,1828]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232FFF86FF5C543EFE60F867" blockId="10.[151,1437,1856,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FF5C543EFEA7F8D7" bold="true" box="[151,274,1856,1880]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Adult female of
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232FFF86FE77543FFD78F8D7" authority="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2025" box="[444,717,1856,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FE77543FFDF7F8D7" box="[444,578,1857,1880]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">Puto sinensis</emphasis>
Zheng &amp; Wu
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FD1D543EFC9BF8D7" bold="true" box="[726,814,1856,1880]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2235448232FFF86FD1D543EFCBBF8D7" box="[726,782,1856,1880]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A:
</emphasis>
antennal segment II;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FBCC543EFB94F8D7" bold="true" box="[1031,1057,1856,1880]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">B:</emphasis>
intersegmental sensillum;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FAE4543EFAFFF8D7" bold="true" box="[1327,1354,1856,1880]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">C:</emphasis>
labium;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FF5C541AFF07F8F3" bold="true" box="[151,178,1892,1916]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">D:</emphasis>
claw;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FF3D541AFEBAF8F3" bold="true" box="[246,271,1892,1916]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">E:</emphasis>
thoracic spiracle;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FE00541AFE56F8F3" bold="true" box="[459,483,1892,1916]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">F:</emphasis>
anal ring;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FD9A541AFDD8F8F3" bold="true" box="[593,621,1892,1916]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">G:</emphasis>
lanceolate cerarian seta;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FCA4541AFC3FF8F3" bold="true" box="[879,906,1892,1916]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">H:</emphasis>
trilocular pore found in cerarii;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FB18541AFB56F8F3" bold="true" box="[1235,1251,1892,1916]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">I.</emphasis>
discoidal pore;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FA4C541AFA28F8F3" bold="true" box="[1415,1437,1892,1916]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">J:</emphasis>
lanceolate seta on dorsum;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FE6654F6FE7CF82F" bold="true" box="[429,457,1928,1952]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">K:</emphasis>
trilocular pore on dorsum;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FD2954F6FD4EF82F" bold="true" box="[738,763,1928,1952]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">L:</emphasis>
large oral collar tubular duct;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FBF954F6FBE7F82F" bold="true" box="[1074,1106,1928,1952]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">M:</emphasis>
slender flagellate seta;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FA8F54F6FAEBF82F" bold="true" box="[1348,1374,1928,1952]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">N:</emphasis>
small multilocular disc-pores;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FE5E54D2FE04F84B" bold="true" box="[405,433,1964,1988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">O:</emphasis>
large multilocular disc-pore;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FD2154D2FCB7F84B" bold="true" box="[746,770,1964,1988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">P:</emphasis>
trilocular pore on venter;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FBD054D2FB83F84B" bold="true" box="[1051,1078,1964,1988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">Q:</emphasis>
small oral collar tubular duct;
<emphasis id="B910E933232FFF86FA4A54D2FA29F84B" bold="true" box="[1409,1436,1964,1988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="129">R:</emphasis>
slender oral collar tubular duct.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C37E66AA232EFF87FF0C5258FC70FD26" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232EFF87FF0C5258FC70FD26" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FF0C5258FDB1FECF" bold="true" box="[199,516,294,320]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">Diagnostic characteristics:</emphasis>
(i) circulus on abdominal segment III complete, more than three times as wide as long, without a constriction; (ii) anal lobe cerarius containing 2530 lanceolate setae; (iii) abundant small multilocular disc-pores present from head to abdominal segment
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE4232EFF87FD335211FCACFE06" box="[760,793,367,393]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">VI</collectionCode>
; (iv) numerous large multilocular disc-pores present on abdominal segments
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE4232EFF87FE4352EDFE13FE22" box="[392,422,403,429]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">VI</collectionCode>
VIII; (v) ostioles with setae on lips; (vi) anal ring bearing six acute setae; (vii) dorsum with a few large oral collar tubular ducts posterior to sclerotized areas of most cerarii (not within or immediately adjacent to sclerotized areas), also with a few present submedially on head and submargins of thorax; (viii) a few large oral collar tubular ducts ventrally on margins of posterior abdomen; (ix) venter with small oral collar tubular ducts forming groups on margins, and short submedial transverse bands on abdominal segments IVVII; (x) claw digitules clubbed, extending beyond apex of claw; (xi) cerarii numbering 17 basic pairs, supplementary cerarii usually present also, between thorax and abdominal segment IV; (xii) a few slender oral collar tubular ducts present anterior to clypeolabral shield; and (xiii) venter without lanceolate setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E66AA232EFF87FF0C51CDFB16FABE" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232EFF87FF0C51CDFE29FC62" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FF0C51CDFE8EFD42" bold="true" box="[199,315,691,717]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">Remarks.</emphasis>
The adult female of
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232EFF87FDF851CDFD1FFD43" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2025" box="[563,682,691,716]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FDF851CDFD1FFD43" box="[563,682,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">P. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closest to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232EFF87FC5151CDFB4EFD42" authority="Williams, 2004" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="2004" box="[922,1275,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thailandicus">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FC5151CDFBF6FD42" box="[922,1091,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">P. thailandicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF548D0232EFF87FB8751CDFB4EFD42" author="Williams, D. J." box="[1100,1275,691,717]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" refId="ref20067" refString="Williams, D. J. (2004) Mealybugs of Southern Asia. The Natural History Museum, London. Southdene SDN. BHD, Kuala Lumpur, 896 pp." type="book" year="2004">
Williams,
<quantity id="4C9C98C4232EFF87FB0851CDFB4EFD42" box="[1219,1275,691,717]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.090159999999999" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" unit="in" value="2004.0">2004</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in having the following character states: (i) a single circulus situated on venter of abdominal segment III; (ii) anal ring bearing sharply-tipped setae; (iii) oral collar tubular ducts absent from cerarii; (iv) dorsum without additional dorsal cerarii; (v) wide oral collar tubular ducts present on dorsum of head and thorax, and (vi) wide tubular ducts present ventrally on margins.
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232EFF87FEEB503DFE01FCD3" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2025" box="[288,436,835,860]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FEEB503DFE01FCD3" box="[288,436,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">Puto sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232EFF87FD8E503DFD5FFCD2" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="2004" box="[581,746,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thailandicus">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FD8E503DFD5FFCD2" box="[581,746,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">P. thailandicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having (contrasting character state in
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232EFF87FB78503DFAE2FCD2" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="2004" box="[1203,1367,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thailandicus">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FB78503DFAE2FCD2" box="[1203,1367,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">P. thailandicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
given in parentheses): (i) multilocular disc-pores of 2 sizes, each pore with 5, 7 or 9 subcentral loculi only (with multilocular disc-pores of only 1 size, each pores with 8 subcentral loculi); and (ii) a few slender oral collar ducts present anterior to clypeolabral shield (with large oral collar ducts anterior to clypeolabral shield) (data of
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232EFF87FBBD50D1FAAFFC46" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="2004" box="[1142,1306,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thailandicus">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FBBD50D1FAAFFC46" box="[1142,1306,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">P. thailandicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are derived from
<bibRefCitation id="EFF548D0232EFF87FF1F50ADFE2DFC62" author="Williams, D. J." box="[212,408,979,1005]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" refId="ref20067" refString="Williams, D. J. (2004) Mealybugs of Southern Asia. The Natural History Museum, London. Southdene SDN. BHD, Kuala Lumpur, 896 pp." type="book" year="2004">Williams (2004))</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232EFF87FF0C5089FB16FABE" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">
The adult female of
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232EFF87FE6E5089FDACFB9F" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2025" box="[421,537,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FE6E5089FDACFB9F" box="[421,537,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">P. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also close to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232EFF87FCDA5089FB9DFB9E" authority="Danzig, 1978" authorityName="Danzig" authorityYear="1978" box="[785,1064,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubulifer">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FCDA5089FC39FB9E" box="[785,908,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">P. tubulifer</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF548D0232EFF87FC595089FB9DFB9E" author="Danzig, E. M." box="[914,1064,1015,1041]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" pagination="124 - 132" refId="ref19179" refString="Danzig, E. M. (1978) New species of mealybugs (Homoptera, Coccoidea) from Siberia and the Far East. In &quot; New Species of Animals &quot;. Trudy Akademii Nauk SSR Zoologicheskogo Instituta. St. Petersburg, 61, 124 - 132." type="journal article" year="1978">
Danzig,
<quantity id="4C9C98C4232EFF87FC3B5089FB9DFB9E" box="[1008,1064,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.02412" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" unit="in" value="1978.0">1978</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in having the following character states: (i) a single circulus situated on venter of abdominal segment III; (ii) anal ring bearing sharply-tipped setae; (iii) oral colar tubular ducts absent from cerarii; (iv) dorsum without additional dorsal cerarii; (v) wide oral collar tubular ducts present on dorsum of head and thorax; (vi) multilocular disc-pores of 2 sizes; and (vii) a few slender oral collar ducts present anterior to clypeolabral shield, these sometimes deformed.
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232EFF87FB9C57F9FB5BFB2F" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2025" box="[1111,1262,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FB9C57F9FB5BFB2F" box="[1111,1262,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">Puto sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232EFF87FA4357F9FF42FB4A" authorityName="Danzig" authorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubulifer">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FA4357F9FF42FB4A" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">P. tubulifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having (contrasting character states in
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232EFF87FD1B57D5FCF9FB4A" authorityName="Danzig" authorityYear="1978" box="[720,844,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubulifer">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FD1B57D5FCF9FB4A" box="[720,844,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">P. tubulifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are given in parentheses): (i) multilocular disc-pores each with 5, 7 or 9 subcentral loculi (pores each with 9 or 10 subcentral loculi, quinquelocular pores absent); and (ii) wide oral collar tubular ducts present ventrally on margins throughout (wide tubular ducts absent from margins of head and thorax) (data of
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232EFF87FE1D5669FDE4FABE" authorityName="Danzig" authorityYear="1978" box="[470,593,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubulifer">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FE1D5669FDE4FABE" box="[470,593,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">P. tubulifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are derived from
<bibRefCitation id="EFF548D0232EFF87FCD15669FB2BFABE" author="Danzig, E. M. &amp; Gavrilov-Zimin, I. A." box="[794,1182,1303,1329]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" refId="ref19265" refString="Danzig, E. M. &amp; Gavrilov-Zimin, I. A. (2014) Palaearctic mealybugs (Homoptera: Coccinea: Pseudococcidae), Part 1: Subfamily Phenacoccinae. Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, 678 pp." type="book" year="2014">Danzig &amp; Gavrilov-Zimin (2014))</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E66AA232EFF82FF5C56FCFAA6FB9E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232EFF87FF5C56FCFE97FA12" blockId="11.[151,290,1410,1437]" box="[151,290,1410,1437]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">
<heading id="D093824D232EFF87FF5C56FCFE97FA12" bold="true" box="[151,290,1410,1437]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FF5C56FCFE97FA12" bold="true" box="[151,290,1410,1437]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">Adult male</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232EFF87FF5C56B4FEB3F9A2" blockId="11.[151,1437,1482,1905]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FF5C56B4FEC9FA6B" bold="true" box="[151,380,1482,1508]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">Appearance in life</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232EFF87FE5B56B5FDF3FA6A" box="[400,582,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1196,1220]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,345,1166]" captionTargetId="figure-97@6.[151,1435,342,1170]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Adult male of Puto huangshanensis Wu, 2001. A: loculate pores; B: small simple pore; C: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; D: hair-like seta; E: sensory seta; F: apex of antennal segment X; G: antennal intersegmental sensillum; H: prosternum; I: tarsus and claw; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: penial sheath; M: penial sheath seta; N: spine-like setae on sclerotized framework; O: penial sheath sensillum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734640" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734640/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">Figs 3B and D</figureCitation>
). Body midge-like; forewings smoky gray, with anterior sclerotized area black; mesothorax and head coated with white wax; a pair of long, stout caudal pencils of wax present at end of abdomen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232EFF87FF0C5548FB2CF8FE" blockId="11.[151,1437,1482,1905]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">
<emphasis id="B910E933232EFF87FF0C5548FE52F9DF" bold="true" box="[199,487,1590,1616]" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">Slide-mounted material</emphasis>
(n=3) (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232EFF87FD8C5549FD25F9DE" box="[583,656,1590,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Body
<quantity id="4C9C98C4232EFF87FD3F5549FC34F9DE" box="[756,897,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="3.15" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="3.1">3.13.2 mm</quantity>
long. Ventral surface of ocular sclerites with sclerotization restricted to near eyes; ocular sclerites each with 7 simple eyes. Antennae slightly longer than body, each with long hair-like setae and satellite setae present. Body with many long hair-like setae (hs). Loculate pores (lp) (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232EFF87FF5455DDFF43F932" box="[159,246,1698,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
) present, each 58 μm in diameter, with 4 or 5 loculi (rarely 6); small simple pores (smp) each about 2.5 μm in diameter, few, present near glandular pouches and posterior to each mesothoracic spiracle. Legs well developed, long hair-like setae, satellite setae and spine-like setae present but without bifurcated setae; tarsi 2 segmented; claws each with a pair of basal spurs, plantar denticle weak or absent, plus a weak denticle near apex; claw digitules with pointed apices. Wings without alar setae or sensoria; a pair of ostioles present between abdominal segments
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE4232EFF87FA84544DFAD8F8C2" box="[1359,1389,1843,1869]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="130">VI</collectionCode>
and VII; and a pair of glandular pouches present on abdominal segment VIII. Aedeagus slender.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1B65A92329FF80FF5C577DFE37FB08" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="131" startId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" targetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDB35212329FF80FF5C577DFE37FB08" blockId="12.[151,1436,1027,1159]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FF5C577DFEA3FB94" bold="true" box="[151,278,1027,1051]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Adult male of
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA22329FF80FE71577AFD6DFB95" authority="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2025" box="[442,728,1027,1051]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FE71577AFDF6FB95" box="[442,579,1027,1051]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Puto sinensis</emphasis>
Zheng &amp; Wu
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FD2E577DFCF1FB94" bold="true" box="[741,836,1027,1051]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22354482329FF80FD2E577DFC94FB94" box="[741,801,1027,1051]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A:
</emphasis>
loculate pores;
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FC25577DFBB2FB94" bold="true" box="[1006,1031,1027,1051]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">B:</emphasis>
long hair-like seta with satellite setae;
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FF5C5759FF07FBB0" bold="true" box="[151,178,1063,1087]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">C:</emphasis>
hair-like seta;
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FE865759FED2FBB0" bold="true" box="[333,359,1063,1087]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">D:</emphasis>
sensory seta;
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FE305759FDA1FBB0" bold="true" box="[507,532,1063,1087]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">E:</emphasis>
antennal intersegmental sensillum;
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FC4D5759FC2AFBB0" bold="true" box="[902,927,1063,1087]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">F:</emphasis>
fore wing;
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FBD35759FB81FBB0" bold="true" box="[1048,1076,1063,1087]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">G:</emphasis>
microtrichia;
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FB0D5759FB57FBB0" bold="true" box="[1222,1250,1063,1087]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">H:</emphasis>
hamulohaltere;
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FA415759FA29FBB0" bold="true" box="[1418,1436,1063,1087]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">I:</emphasis>
spine-like seta;
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FEF25735FEFBFBEC" bold="true" box="[313,334,1099,1123]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">J:</emphasis>
claw;
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FE5F5735FE05FBEC" bold="true" box="[404,432,1099,1123]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">K:</emphasis>
glandular pouch;
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FDA05735FD31FBEC" bold="true" box="[619,644,1099,1123]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">L:</emphasis>
loculate pores near glandular pouch;
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FBC25735FB9FFBEC" bold="true" box="[1033,1066,1099,1123]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">M:</emphasis>
penial sheath;
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FB0D5735FB54FBEC" bold="true" box="[1222,1249,1099,1123]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">N:</emphasis>
spine-like seta on sclerotized framework.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDB35212329FF80FF0C57A7FDF4F948" blockId="12.[151,1437,1241,2024]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FF0C57A7FEB1FB7C" box="[199,260,1241,1267]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Head</emphasis>
380400 µm long, 470480 µm wide, with a row of 7 simple eyes (se) on each side.
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FB2057A4FAFBFB7C" box="[1259,1358,1242,1267]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Dorsum:</emphasis>
dorsal mid-cranial ridge (dmcr) extending full length of head, fusing with transverse postoccipital suture (pos) posteriorly. Sclerotization extending from eyes to postoccipital suture (pos); membrane on each side of sclerotized area around dmcr; with 911 dorsal head setae (dhs) present on each side of dmcr, lp absent. Dorsum of ocular sclerites (ocs) with 1017 dhs, each 1015 μm long.
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FDDA5617FD34FA0C" box="[529,641,1385,1411]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Laterally:</emphasis>
se near mid-cranial ridge larger, 5860 μm in diameter; lateral simple eyes smaller, 3043 μm in diameter; simple eyes prominent. With a single ocellus (o) laterally on each side, about 25 μm in diameter, difficult to observe.
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FD9B56CFFD0BFA44" box="[592,702,1457,1483]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Ventrally:</emphasis>
sclerotization of ocs restricted to near eyes, small sclerotized area near preoral ridges and postocular ridges. Venter of each ocs with 3040 ventral head setae (vhs), some setae with basal sclerotization. Ventral arm of midcranial ridge (vmcr) extending to fuse with preoral ridges (pror) posteriorly; preocular ridge (procr) fusing with vmcr medially. Membranous area anterior to preocular ridge with 913 vhs and 913 lp. Postocular ridge (pocr) developed, extending from preoral ridges posteriorly along posterior margin of ocs ventrally. Preoral ridge (pror) sclerotized, extending from posterior end of vmcr posterolaterally, articulating with cervical sclerites (pepcv). Area posterior to pror membranous, without setae. Mouth (m) present. Hair-like setae present on head, each 3560 μm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB35212329FF81FF0C55AFFE86FF76" blockId="12.[151,1437,1241,2024]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis id="B910E9332329FF80FF0C55AFFE84F964" box="[199,305,1745,1771]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Antennae</emphasis>
each 10 segmented, filiform, total length of each
<quantity id="4C9C98C42329FF80FCAC55AFFC44F963" box="[871,1009,1745,1772]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="131" unit="mm" value="3.4" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="3.2">3.23.6 mm</quantity>
, ratio of total body length to antennal length 1: 1.01.1. Segment lengths (in µm): I, 120135; II, 7595; III, 390460; IV, 425500; V, 390440;
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE42329FF80FAB35588FA2DF89F" box="[1400,1432,1782,1808]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">VI</collectionCode>
, 413505; VII, 370430; VIII, 360390; IX, 270365; and X, 280345. Scape (scp) (segment I) stout, 35153 µm wide, with base sclerotized and apex membranous; bearing 25 short hair-like setae, each 3558 μm long. Pedicel (pdc) (segment II) stout, 8390µm wide, completely sclerotized, with 46 long hair-like setae and 13 short hair-like setae plus 1 campaniform sensillum (camp) dorsally. Each segment of flagellum parallel-sided, 2865 μm wide, with many long hair-like setae (
<figureCitation id="135F29A42329FF80FD8954D7FD2FF84B" box="[578,666,1961,1988]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
), each seta 290465 μm long, mostly with 1 or 2 satellite setae (
<figureCitation id="135F29A42329FF80FAA454D7FF0EF867" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
); also with 03 hair-like setae (
<figureCitation id="135F29A42329FF80FDD354B3FDDAF867" box="[536,623,1997,2024]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
), each seta 100133 μm long. Segments VIII and IX each with 1 sensory seta (
<figureCitation id="135F29A42328FF81FF1F53E9FE98FF3E" box="[212,301,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
) near apex; and apical segment (segment X) with 2 sensory setae and 5 hair-like setae subapically. Antennal intersegmental sensilla (
<figureCitation id="135F29A42328FF81FDDF53C5FDDCFF5A" box="[532,617,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
) present between segments IIIIV, IVV and VIIVIII, with 2 sensilla at each location.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB35212328FF81FF0C527DFDD3FD26" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="B910E9332328FF81FF0C527DFE29FE92" box="[199,412,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Thorax. Prothorax</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B910E9332328FF81FE64527DFDB6FE92" box="[431,515,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">dorsum</emphasis>
: pronotal ridges (prnr) developed and uninterrupted, fused medially, extending ventrally and nearly touching proepisternum + cervical sclerite (pepcv). With 03 hair-like setae anteriorly on each side between prnr and postoccipital suture (pos). Pronotal sclerite (prn) developed, each with a group of 811 lateral pronotal setae (lpns) and about 11 lp. Post-tergite (pt) present, 115125 μm wide, lying transversely, each with a group of 47 post-tergital setae (pts) and 68 lp. With 04 medial pronotal setae (mpns) anterior to prescutum.
<emphasis id="B910E9332328FF81FED252C9FE35FE5E" box="[281,384,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Laterally</emphasis>
: pepcv sclerotized and interrupted medially; anterior part articulating with preoral ridge (pror), posterior end with a triangular sclerotization, articulating with prnr; posterior part becoming broad near articulation with coxa. With a large group of 1317 long propleural setae (pl
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FC45516FFC23FD90" attach="both" box="[910,918,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">1</subScript>
s) plus 3035 lp.
<emphasis id="B910E9332328FF81FBAD5281FB1BFD97" box="[1126,1198,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Venter</emphasis>
: sternum (stn
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FA85516FFAE3FD90" attach="left" box="[1358,1366,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">1</subScript>
) with sclerotized median and transverse ridges; sternite sclerotized, with reticulated area medially; prosternal apophyses (stn
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FF0A5127FF7CFDE8" attach="both" box="[193,201,601,615]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">1</subScript>
a) developed; each side of sternum with 24 prosternal setae (stn
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FC545127FC12FDE8" attach="both" box="[927,935,601,615]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">1</subScript>
s) and 2 or 3 lp. Without anteprosternal setae (astn
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FF055103FF63FD04" attach="both" box="[206,214,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">1</subScript>
s). With a group of 14 antemesospiracular setae (asp
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FCED5103FC9BFD04" attach="both" box="[806,814,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">2</subScript>
s) and 02 lp anterior to each anterior spiracle. Hair-like setae on prothorax each 70118 μm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB35212328FF81FF0C51CDFEA7FB2E" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="B910E9332328FF81FF0C51CDFE09FD42" box="[199,444,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Mesothorax: dorsum:</emphasis>
prescutum (prsc) sclerotized but not separated from scutum, prescutal ridge (pscr) and suture (pscs) absent or indistinct; without prescutal setae (prscs). Scutum (sct) 690720 μm wide; with a small triangular membranous area anterior to scutellum, 80115 μm long and 100135 μm wide. Scutum with 2 longitudinal bands of 1220 scutal setae (scts) on each side, also 13 setae along each lateral margin. Scutellum (scl) 295350 µm wide and 165175 µm long, nearly rectangular, with developed marginal ridges and 1625 scutellar setae (scls).
<emphasis id="B910E9332328FF81FF285019FEE6FC0E" box="[227,339,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Laterally:</emphasis>
prealare (pra) sclerotized. Mesepisternum (eps
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FCA25007FCC4FC08" attach="left" box="[873,881,889,903]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">2</subScript>
) reticulated; subepisternal ridge (ser) developed. Tegula (teg) with about 3 tegular setae (tegs). Mesothoracic spiracles (sp
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FC0D50E3FC7BFC24" attach="left" box="[966,974,925,939]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">2</subScript>
) each with outer part of peritreme 6080 µm wide; postmesospiracular setae (pm
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FD9C50BFFDEAFC40" attach="right" box="[599,607,961,975]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">2</subScript>
s) forming a group of 14 hs medially, plus15 hs, 1013 lp and 47 smp posterior to each spiracle.
<emphasis id="B910E9332328FF81FE0150ADFDAEFC63" box="[458,539,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Venter:</emphasis>
basisternum (stn
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FD2B509BFD5DFC7C" attach="left" box="[736,744,997,1011]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">2</subScript>
) 550590 µm wide and 320340 µm long; without median ridge; anterior margin developed, basisternum bounded posteriorly by well-developed mesoprecoxal ridges (pcr
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FA485777FA3EFB98" attach="left" box="[1411,1419,1033,1047]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">2</subScript>
); additional short ridge extending ventrally from pcr
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FD005753FD66FBB4" attach="left" box="[715,723,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">2</subScript>
near articulation of mesocoxa; and with 1321 basisternal setae (stn
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FF0A572FFF7CFBD0" attach="both" box="[193,201,1105,1119]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">2</subScript>
s) on margins. Lateropleurite (lpl) narrow, with anterior margin poorly sclerotized, area near stn
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FACF572FFAB9FBD0" attach="both" box="[1284,1292,1105,1119]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">2</subScript>
s reticulated. Furca (f) with long arms, each arm 100160 µm long. Mesopostnotum (pn
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FC21570BFC47FB0C" attach="left" box="[1002,1010,1141,1155]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">2</subScript>
) and postnotal apophyses (pn
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FA8D570BFAFBFB0C" attach="both" box="[1350,1358,1141,1155]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">2</subScript>
a) well developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB35212328FF81FF0C57D5FBC4FA6A" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="B910E9332328FF81FF0C57D5FE0CFB4A" box="[199,441,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Metathorax: dorsum:</emphasis>
metapostnotum (pn
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FD5557C3FD13FB44" attach="left" box="[670,678,1213,1227]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">3</subScript>
) either absent or fused to tergites of abdominal segment I; with a short band of 69 metatergal setae (mts) and 15 lp on each side; and with 57 dorsospiracular setae (dss) with 513 lp.
<emphasis id="B910E9332328FF81FF70578DFE9FFA82" box="[187,298,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Laterally:</emphasis>
Metapleural ridge (plr
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FDE3567BFD85FA9C" attach="left" box="[552,560,1285,1299]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">3</subScript>
) well developed; suspensorial sclerites (ss) present. Episternum (eps
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FAFB567BFA8DFA9C" attach="left" box="[1328,1336,1285,1299]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">3</subScript>
) slightly sclerotized, with 4 or 5 postmetaspiracular setae (eps
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FD3A5657FD4CFAB8" attach="both" box="[753,761,1321,1335]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">3</subScript>
s) and 2 or 3 lp. Precoxal ridge (pcr
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FB595657FB2FFAB8" attach="left" box="[1170,1178,1321,1335]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">3</subScript>
) developed, extending ventrally 142185 µm; an additional short sclerotization present close to each articulation of metacoxa, 65125 μm long. Metepimeron (epm
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FE2B560FFE5DFAF0" attach="left" box="[480,488,1393,1407]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">3</subScript>
) extending posteriorly.
<emphasis id="B910E9332328FF81FD325621FCFFFAF7" box="[761,842,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Venter:</emphasis>
Metathoracic spiracles (sp
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FBB6560FFB30FAF0" attach="left" box="[1149,1157,1393,1407]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">3</subScript>
) each with outer part of peritreme 8085 µm wide, without antemetaspiracular setae (am
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FCA356EBFCC5FA2C" attach="both" box="[872,880,1429,1443]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">3</subScript>
s). Metasternum (stn
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FB9C56EBFBEAFA2C" attach="left" box="[1111,1119,1429,1443]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">3</subScript>
) sclerotized and reticulated, with large lateral metasternal apophyses (stn
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FD5856C7FD2EFA48" attach="both" box="[659,667,1465,1479]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">3</subScript>
a); with 1215 anterior metasternal setae (amss) and 5 lp; and with about 2 posterior metasternal setae (pmss). Postmesoprecoxal ridge seta (ppcr
<subScript id="17E037642328FF81FC3556A3FBB3FA64" attach="both" box="[1022,1030,1501,1515]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">2</subScript>
s) absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB35212328FF81FF0C5691FE92F88A" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="B910E9332328FF81FF0C5691FEA6F987" box="[199,275,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Wings.</emphasis>
Fore wings (
<figureCitation id="135F29A42328FF81FE6C5691FE4CF986" box="[423,505,1518,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
) oblong and well developed, each 3.0
<quantity id="4C9C98C42328FF81FC795691FBBDF986" box="[946,1032,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="4C9C98C42328FF81FBBC5691FB4BF986" box="[1143,1278,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="132" unit="mm" value="1.2999999999999998" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.2">1.21.4 mm</quantity>
wide; ratio of length to width 1: 0.4; ratio of total body length to wing length 1: 0.96; covered with microtrichia (
<figureCitation id="135F29A42328FF81FB11556DFA86F9A2" box="[1242,1331,1554,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
); without alar setae or sensoria. Costal thickening (CT) slightly sclerotized. Subcosta (Sc) and radius (R) present along CT from the wing base, almost reach the apex. Cubitus anterior (CuA) originates from Sc at about 1/5 along wing length and runs obliquely to posterior wing margin. Alar lobe fold (alf) sclerotized along proximal posterior margin, with a membranous pocket; anal fold (af) transparent. Hamulohalteres (h) (
<figureCitation id="135F29A42328FF81FC7655DDFBA3F932" box="[957,1046,1698,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
) with anterior margin sclerotized, 233285 µm long and 6065 µm wide; with 3 or 4 hamuli (ham) at tip, each 105115 µm long; each hamulus with apex curved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB35212328FF82FF0C5471FC6BFE06" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,1833]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">
<emphasis id="B910E9332328FF81FF0C5471FF49F8A7" box="[199,252,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="132">Legs</emphasis>
well developed; lengths (in μm): foreleg shortest: entire length
<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E62328FF81FC005471FBBEF8A6" box="[971,1035,1807,1833]" degrees="2,133" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="132" precision="55" value="2.133">2,133</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E62328FF81FBC05471FBEEF8A6" box="[1035,1115,1807,1833]" degrees="2,308" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="132" precision="55" value="-2.308">2,308</geoCoordinate>
; coxa 210220; trochanter + femur 710760; tibia 840930; tarsus 300320, and claw 7378; middle leg: entire length
<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E62328FF81FB45544DFB7BF8C2" box="[1166,1230,1843,1869]" degrees="2,108" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="132" precision="55" value="2.108">2,108</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E62328FF81FB05544DFAA8F8C2" box="[1230,1309,1843,1869]" degrees="2,286" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="132" precision="55" value="-2.286">2,286</geoCoordinate>
; coxa 220 235; trochanter + femur 660740; tibia 860940; tarsus 280310, and claw 7076; hind leg longest: entire length
<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E62328FF81FF5C5404FF62F81A" box="[151,215,1914,1941]" degrees="2,269" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="132" precision="55" value="2.269">2,269</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE5053E62328FF81FF1C5404FE92F81A" box="[215,295,1914,1941]" degrees="2,580" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="132" precision="55" value="-2.58">2,580</geoCoordinate>
; coxa 240250; trochanter + femur 710810; tibia 9551,100; tarsus 290345, and claw 7475. Ratio of length of metatibia to length of metatarsus 1: 0.300.32. Legs setose, each with many hair-like setae, each seta 150290 µm long; coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia with satellite setae; each coxa and trochanter also with some short hair-like setae (3040 μm long). Trochanters each with 2 basal spine-like setae (2023 μm long), and with 3 or 4 (mostly 4) sensory pores on each surface. Tibia with some inner-side spine-like setae (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232BFF82FB6953C5FB45FF5A" box="[1186,1264,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">Fig. 5I</figureCitation>
) on distal half, each seta 4555 μm long. Tarsi each 2 segmented, with proximal segment triangular, without setae; segment II with a tarsal campaniform sensillum proximally, inner side with spine-like setae, each 2540 μm long; outer side with hair-like setae, each 3888 μm long; tarsal digitules (tdgt) with pointed apices, each 6365 μm long. Claws (c) (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232BFF82FAA45259FF04FEEA" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">Fig. 5J</figureCitation>
) each with a pair of basal spurs (each about 10 μm long), plantar denticle weak or absent; plus a weak denticle near apex; claw digitules (cdgt) conical, each 3035 μm, shorter than claw.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232BFF82FF0C52EDFAB0FD7E" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B910E933232BFF82FF0C52EDFE84FE22" box="[199,305,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">Abdomen</emphasis>
. Segments IVII: tergites (at) represented by pairs of small sclerotizations on anterior margins of all segments, smaller posteriorly, at on segments I
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE4232BFF82FD7C52C9FD61FE5E" box="[695,724,439,465]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">VI</collectionCode>
reticulated. Sternites (as) similar to at but on segments IIVII, reticulated on segments IIV. Caudal extensions (ce) absent. Each segment with dorsal abdominal setae (ads), dorsopleural setae (dps), ventral pleural setae (vps) and ventral abdominal setae (avs), accompanied by lp; with more lp on margins. A pair of distinct ostioles present laterally between segments
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE4232BFF82FBF7515DFBEFFDB2" box="[1084,1114,547,573]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">VI</collectionCode>
and VII. Segment VIII with at strongly sclerotized and cambered across segment, and a group of ads posterior to at; also with a pair of large sclerotized as, a group of avs posterior to each as. Hair-like setae forming groups on margins. Glandular pouches (gp) (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232BFF82FF1E51F1FE98FD26" box="[213,301,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">Fig. 5K</figureCitation>
) large and shallow, each with about 240 lp, each pore (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232BFF82FC5C51F1FC5EFD26" box="[919,1003,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">Fig. 5L</figureCitation>
) with 47 loculi; each gp containing 2 rather thick glandular pouch setae (gls), each 275290 µm long, plus 1115 shorter setae, each 2598 μm long; each pair of gls with a large group of duct-like pores around their bases. Abdominal spiracles not detected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232BFF82FF0C5185FAA6FB9E" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B910E933232BFF82FF0C5185FECAFC9B" box="[199,383,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">Genital segment</emphasis>
. Anal opening (an) present on membranous dorsum of penial sheath, 5058 μm wide. Penial sheath (ps) (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232BFF82FEE85061FE34FCB6" box="[291,385,798,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">Fig. 5M</figureCitation>
) extending posteriorly from segment VIII, with base broad and tapering to a point, 390445 µm long and 220320 μm wide basally; mostly membranous but with sclerotized framework. Venter of membrane with 79 hair-like penial sheath setae, each 3355 μm long; dorsum with 6 or 7 setae on membrane; sclerotized framework with some hair-like setae anteriorly, becoming spine-like (
<figureCitation id="135F29A4232BFF82FC6B50F5FC43FC2A" box="[928,1014,906,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1027,1051]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,182,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1435,179,1001]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult male of Puto sinensis Zheng &amp; Wu, sp. n. A: loculate pores; B: long hair-like seta with satellite setae; C: hair-like seta; D: sensory seta; E: antennal intersegmental sensillum; F: fore wing; G: microtrichia; H: hamulohaltere; I: spine-like seta; J: claw; K: glandular pouch; L: loculate pores near glandular pouch; M: penial sheath; N: spine-like seta on sclerotized framework." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14734644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14734644/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">Fig. 5N</figureCitation>
) and shorter posteriorly; with a group of sensoria (psp) near tip. Basal rod (bra) strongly sclerotized, 200255 μm long, attached ventrally to anterior margin of penial sheath. Aedeagus (aed) sclerotized, 405475 µm long, long and C-shaped, broadest at base (about 58 µm wide), tapering posteriorly (apex about 13 µm wide); attached to bra basally; apex not bilobate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E66AA232BFF82FF0C5764FAD8FABE" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232BFF82FF0C5764FAD8FABE" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B910E933232BFF82FF0C5764FDB0FBBB" bold="true" box="[199,517,1050,1076]" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">Diagnostic characteristics:</emphasis>
(i) fore-wings developed; (ii) claw with a weak denticle near apex and a pair of basal spurs, with or without a weak plantar denticle medially; (iii) tarsal digitules with pointed apices; (iv) with 913 loculate pores on each side of membranous area anterior to ocular sclerite; (v) with seven eyes on each side of head; (vi) antennal segment II with elongate setae and satellite setae; (vii) glandular pouches each containing about 240 loculate pores, pores each with 47 loculi, mostly with 5 or 6 loculi; (viii) both sides of abdomen with loculate pores, these fewer on venter; (ix) long hair-like setae on antenna each 290465 μm long; (x) tegula with about 3 tegular setae; (xi) apex of aedeagus not bilobate; (xii) sclerotization of ocular sclerites restricted to near eyes; and (xiii) small simple pores very few, present near glandular pouches and posterior to each mesothoracic spiracle.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E66AA232BFF82FF0C5645FD0BF8A6" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232BFF82FF0C5645FAE8F986" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B910E933232BFF82FF0C5645FE8EFADA" bold="true" box="[199,315,1339,1365]" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">Remarks.</emphasis>
The adult male of
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232BFF82FDC75645FD35FADB" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2025" box="[524,640,1339,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B910E933232BFF82FDC75645FD35FADB" box="[524,640,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">P. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from that of
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232BFF82FCAB5645FB9BFADA" box="[864,1070,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huangshanensis">
<emphasis id="B910E933232BFF82FCAB5645FB9BFADA" box="[864,1070,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">P. huangshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having (contrasting character states in
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232BFF82FF355621FE7AFAF6" box="[254,463,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huangshanensis">
<emphasis id="B910E933232BFF82FF355621FE7AFAF6" box="[254,463,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">P. huangshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are given in parentheses): (i) sclerotization of ocular sclerites restricted to near eyes (sclerotization extending to postocular ridge); (ii) claw without or with a weak plantar denticle medially (with a strong plantar denticle medially); (iii) glandular pouches each containing about 240 loculate pores (with about 100 loculate pores); (iv) sixth antennal segment longest (fifth antennal segment longest); and (v) a few small simple pores present near glandular pouches and posterior to each mesothoracic spiracle (present throughout whole body).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB3521232BFF82FF0C556DFD0BF8A6" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">
The adult male of
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232BFF82FE5F556DFDBDF9A3" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2025" box="[404,520,1555,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B910E933232BFF82FE5F556DFDBDF9A3" box="[404,520,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">P. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closest to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232BFF82FD2C556DFB96F9A2" authority="(Coleman, 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Coleman" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[743,1059,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupressi">
<emphasis id="B910E933232BFF82FD2C556DFCEBF9A3" box="[743,862,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">P. cupressi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF548D0232BFF82FCA6556DFBAFF9A2" author="Coleman, G. A." box="[877,1050,1555,1581]" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" pagination="197 - 198" refId="ref19033" refString="Coleman, G. A. (1908) Coccidae of the Coniferae. Supplement No. 1. Description of two new species. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 16, 197 - 198." type="journal article" year="1908">Coleman, 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
in having the following character states: (i) aedeagus blunt apically; (ii) each side of head with seven eyes plus one ocellus; (iii) antennal segment III more than 350 µm long; and (iv) antennal segment IV or
<collectionCode id="ED75ADE4232BFF82FCD15525FC8DF9FA" box="[794,824,1627,1653]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">VI</collectionCode>
longest.
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232BFF82FC555525FB86F9FB" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2025" box="[926,1075,1627,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B910E933232BFF82FC555525FB86F9FB" box="[926,1075,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">Puto sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cannot be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232BFF82FA435525FF46F917" baseAuthorityName="Coleman" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupressi">
<emphasis id="B910E933232BFF82FA435525FF46F917" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">P. cupressi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
using morphological characters, because the descriptions of the latter are all too simple (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF548D0232BFF82FB255501FA22F916" author="Coleman, G. A." box="[1262,1431,1663,1689]" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" pagination="409 - 420" refId="ref18989" refString="Coleman, G. A. (1901) The redwood mealy bug (Dactylopius sequoiae, sp. nov.). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (ser. 3, Zoology), 2, 409 - 420." type="journal article" year="1901">Coleman 1901</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF548D0232BFF82FF5C55DDFF67F932" author="Coleman, G. A." box="[151,210,1699,1725]" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" pagination="197 - 198" refId="ref19033" refString="Coleman, G. A. (1908) Coccidae of the Coniferae. Supplement No. 1. Description of two new species. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 16, 197 - 198." type="journal article" year="1908">1908</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF548D0232BFF82FF1655DDFED4F932" author="Ferris, G. F." box="[221,353,1699,1725]" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" refId="ref19312" refString="Ferris, G. F. (1918) The California species of mealy bugs. Leland Stanford Junior University Publications, University Series. Palo Alto, 78 pp." type="book" year="1918">Ferris 1918</bibRefCitation>
). However, they can be distinguished by their distributions and host plant preferences:
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232BFF82FAE255DDFA28F933" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2025" box="[1321,1437,1699,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B910E933232BFF82FAE255DDFA28F933" box="[1321,1437,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">P. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs only in the Old World, in the Oriental region, and feeds on
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232BFF82FC5455B9FBA7F96E" box="[927,1042,1735,1761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
(belonging to the Angiospermae); whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232BFF82FF305595FEC1F88B" baseAuthorityName="Coleman" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[251,372,1771,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Puto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupressi">
<emphasis id="B910E933232BFF82FF305595FEC1F88B" box="[251,372,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="133">P. cupressi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs only in the New World, in the Palearctic region, and feeds on
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232BFF82FB5A5595FA99F88A" box="[1169,1324,1771,1797]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cupressaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232BFF82FAF25595FA28F88A" box="[1337,1437,1771,1797]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C644EA2232BFF82FF0D5471FE9BF8A6" box="[198,302,1807,1833]" class="Pinopsida" family="Taxaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Taxaceae</taxonomicName>
(belonging to the Gymnospermae).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>