treatments-xml/data/03/B8/87/03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED.xml

<document id="29F729E65B659D0AD8A5E149243433F1" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae108" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="AC25185-8469-49E9-9464-02D99734D713" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1732848880449" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cannizzaro, Andrew G. &amp; Berg, David J." docDate="2024" docId="03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED" docLanguage="en" docName="zlae108.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae108" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.9:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gammarus acerbatus Cannizzaro &amp; Berg, 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" masterDocId="FF81FF99FFA42A1C81261D313039C24F" masterDocTitle="Molecular phvlogenetic analvses reveal a radiation of freshwater Gammarus (Amphipoda: Gammaridae) in the northern Chihuahuan Desert" updateTime="1734824342389" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="508CAAC13EBCE98B467CA2B6468773AB">Molecular phvlogenetic analvses reveal a radiation of freshwater Gammarus (Amphipoda: Gammaridae) in the northern Chihuahuan Desert</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="233E8796B5A34D308BA79E196339A840">Cannizzaro, Andrew G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="ABD0C243B36AA59D4AB1F8BA39072D2A">Department of Biologv, Miami Universitv, Oxford, OH, 45056, United States</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DE129C48D387F593FBC84F6B9715F059" type="email">cannizag@miamioh.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="5590DBB1E227B0C0F58F26724D589DFF">Berg, David J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4396D523AA370AB169EC5708373E2BFD">Department of Biologv, Miami Universitv, Hamilton, OH, 45011, United States</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="459C8C19A86DAEB1D4BC34DECCF21CAA">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="426BFF450BEA940300BDB71360090E3F">
<mods:date id="171218CF94D0F40E7EFA6C8D34BA9D62">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="56D1C8805E3F3656ABA8013828D6BEBD">2024-09-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9762F843E4EC2606C1B3F4B9696D58F5">202</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F52AEE9D4247B1A23596924E680BB466" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae108</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9C62CB46B17D49CE14577B6FF66FAC7A" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C30B657CFFAA2A128243197835AFC62B" box="[869,1430,1097,1124]" pageId="14" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAA2A128243197835AFC62B" blockId="14.[869,1430,1097,1124]" box="[869,1430,1097,1124]" pageId="14">
<heading id="D0E6819BFFAA2A128243197835AFC62B" bold="true" box="[869,1430,1097,1124]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A128243197835AFC62B" bold="true" box="[869,1430,1097,1124]" pageId="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAA2A1282431978346EC62B" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[869,1111,1097,1124]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A1282431978346EC62B" bold="true" box="[869,1111,1097,1124]" italics="true" pageId="14">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256579EFFAA2A12857A197B348AC62B" box="[1116,1203,1098,1124]" pageId="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Cannizzaro and Berg
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<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAA2A12828619B93562C6ED" blockId="14.[928,1371,1160,1187]" box="[928,1371,1160,1187]" pageId="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAA2A12828619B93562C6ED" ID-CoL="3F8BC" authority="(Adams et al., 2018)" baseAuthorityName="Adams" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[928,1371,1160,1187]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desperatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12828619B934E3C6ED" bold="true" box="[928,1242,1160,1187]" pageId="14">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12828619B934B8C6EC" bold="true" box="[928,1153,1160,1187]" italics="true" pageId="14">Gammarus desperatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B06FFAA2A1285B619B934E3C6ED" author="Adams NE &amp; Inoue K &amp; Seidel T" box="[1168,1242,1160,1186]" pageId="14" pagination="746 - 57" refId="ref19704" refString="Adams NE, Inoue K, Seidel T et al. Isolation drives increased diversification rates in freshwater amphipods. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2018; 127: 746 - 57. hups: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. vmpev. 2018.06.022" type="journal article" year="2018">Adams</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A1285F819B83529C6ED" box="[1246,1296,1160,1186]" italics="true" pageId="14">et al.</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12843F19B93562C6ED" bold="true" box="[1305,1371,1160,1186]" pageId="14">2018)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAA2A12850A19F734F6C6AF" blockId="14.[1068,1231,1222,1249]" box="[1068,1231,1222,1249]" pageId="14">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12850A19F734F6C6AF" bold="true" box="[1068,1231,1222,1249]" pageId="14">
(
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAA2A12851119F6344CC6AE" box="[1079,1141,1223,1249]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[115,180,936,960]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,908]" captionTargetId="figure-503@7.[146,1426,144,908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Habitus photographs of Gammarus spp. examined here. A, Gammarus desperatus topotvpe, male, 14.2 mm (USNM 1607107), North Spring, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. B, Gammarus desperatus, male, 8.5 mm (USNM 1607105), Rio Hondo, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. C, Gammarus desperatus, female, 4.3 mm (USNM 1607106), Rio Hondo, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. D, Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. E, Gammarus acerbatus, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.F, Gammarus balmorhea, holotvpe male, 13.7 mm (USNM 1607116), San Solomon Spring, Reeves Countv, TX, USA.G, Gammarus balmorhea, allotvpe female, 9.6 mm (USNM 1607117), San Solomon Spring, Reeves Countv, TX, USA.Scale bar:1 mm." pageId="14">Figs 4</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAA2A12855819F634FEC6AF" box="[1150,1223,1222,1249]" captionStart-0="Figure 11" captionStart-1="Figure 12" captionStart-2="Figure 13" captionStart-3="Figure 14" captionStart-4="Figure 15" captionStart-5="Figure 16" captionStartId-0="16.[129,194,1587,1611]" captionStartId-1="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" captionStartId-2="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" captionStartId-3="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionStartId-4="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionStartId-5="21.[113,178,1608,1632]" captionTargetBox-0="[284,1327,166,1537]" captionTargetBox-1="[245,1308,178,1578]" captionTargetBox-2="[247,1348,161,1581]" captionTargetBox-3="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetBox-4="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetBox-5="[259,1316,167,1554]" captionTargetId-0="figure-160@16.[241,1361,144,1559]" captionTargetId-1="figure-143@17.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetId-2="figure-155@18.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetId-3="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetId-4="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetId-5="figure-146@21.[226,1346,144,1580]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="17" captionTargetPageId-2="18" captionTargetPageId-3="19" captionTargetPageId-4="20" captionTargetPageId-5="21" captionText-0="Figure 11. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible; D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." captionText-1="Figure 12. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." captionText-2="Figure 13.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars:1 mm." captionText-3="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." captionText-4="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." captionText-5="Figure 16. Gammarus acerbatus, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, pereopod 7; C, uropod 3. Scale bars:1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm C." pageId="14">11–16</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C30B657CFFAA2A0A821F183635FAC6ED" lastPageId="22" pageId="14" type="description">
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<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12821F1836341CC750" box="[825,1061,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="14">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 
<uuid id="FFB70C22FFAA2A1284611836349AC771" pageId="14">5BD13043- 4C59-49F7-960B-8214607B6C0D</uuid>
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAA2A13821F18513106C0A4" blockId="14.[825,1476,1376,1964]" lastBlockId="15.[113,762,691,747]" lastPageId="15" pageId="14">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12821F185133C2C737" box="[825,1019,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="14">Material examined:</emphasis>
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<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A1285241851348BC737" box="[1026,1202,1376,1400]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607109</specimenCode>
, holotvpe male, 
<quantity id="4CE99B12FFAA2A12847818513586C738" box="[1374,1471,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="12.8">12.8 mm</quantity>
: 
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, Biưer 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A128530184E355EC7D8" box="[1046,1383,1407,1431]" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingMunicipality>
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<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A12845E184E3387C7F9" pageId="14">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAA2A1282EE18AE33C0C7F8" box="[968,1017,1439,1463]" name="United States of America" pageId="14">USA</collectingCountry>
(
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE255030FFAA2A1285A518AE352BC7F8" box="[1155,1298,1439,1463]" degrees="104.419763" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" precision="1" value="-104.41976">–104.419763</geoCoordinate>
); collector: 
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1284AC18AE33B6C799" pageId="14">Brian K. Lang</collectorName>
, date unknown
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAA2A12851A188F3586C45A" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Chaves Countv, NM &amp; Brian K. Lang" country="United States of America" location="Sago Spring" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" pageId="14" specimenCode="USNM 1607110" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A12851A188F34D5C799" box="[1084,1260,1470,1494]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607110</specimenCode>
, allotvpe female, 
<quantity id="4CE99B12FFAA2A128484188F335FC7BA" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="8.1">8.1 mm</quantity>
: 
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, Biưer 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A12851318EC3557C7BA" box="[1077,1390,1501,1525]" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A12845E18EC33FBC45B" pageId="14">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAA2A1282F618CC343FC45A" box="[976,1030,1533,1557]" name="United States of America" pageId="14">USA</collectingCountry>
; collector: 
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A12855818CC3521C45A" box="[1150,1304,1533,1557]" pageId="14">Brian K. Lang</collectorName>
, date unknown
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAA2A12821F1B2D3495C43C" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Chaves Countv, NM &amp; Brian K. Lang" country="United States of America" location="Sago Spring" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" pageId="14" specimenCode="USNM 1607112" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A12821F1B2D33D7C47B" box="[825,1006,1564,1588]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607112</specimenCode>
, paratvpe males 
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12858E1B2C3482C47B" box="[1192,1211,1565,1588]" italics="true" pageId="14">N</emphasis>
= 3, 
<location id="8ECE602CFFAA2A1285D11B2D3540C47B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAA2A1285D11B2D3540C47B" box="[1271,1401,1564,1588]" country="United States of America" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Sago Spring" pageId="14">Sago Spring</location>
, Biưer 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A12821F1B0A344AC41C" box="[825,1139,1595,1619]" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A12855B1B0A356BC41C" box="[1149,1362,1595,1619]" pageId="14">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAA2A12847A1B0A35ABC41C" box="[1372,1426,1595,1619]" name="United States of America" pageId="14">USA</collectingCountry>
; collector: 
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1282A61B6A3436C43C" box="[896,1039,1627,1651]" pageId="14">Brian K. Lang</collectorName>
, date unknown
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAA2A1285951B6A33E9C49E" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Chaves Countv, NM &amp; Brian K. Lang" country="United States of America" location="Sago Spring" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" pageId="14" specimenCode="USNM 1607111" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A1285951B6A3558C43C" box="[1203,1377,1627,1651]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607111</specimenCode>
, paratvpe female, 9.0 mm: 
<location id="8ECE602CFFAA2A1282D01B4B3441C4DD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAA2A1282D01B4B3441C4DD" box="[1014,1144,1658,1682]" country="United States of America" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Sago Spring" pageId="14">Sago Spring</location>
, Biưer 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A1285EB1B4B33BAC4FE" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1282B61BA83455C4FE" box="[912,1132,1689,1713]" pageId="14">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAA2A12855F1BA83496C4FE" box="[1145,1199,1689,1713]" name="United States of America" pageId="14">USA</collectingCountry>
; collector: 
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1284001BA83587C4FD" box="[1318,1470,1689,1714]" pageId="14">Brian K. Lang</collectorName>
, date unknown
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAA2A1282FC1B883550C540" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Chaves Countv, NM &amp; Brian K. Lang" country="United States of America" location="Sago Spring" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" pageId="14" specimenCode="USNM 1607113" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A1282FC1B8834B0C49E" box="[986,1161,1721,1745]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607113</specimenCode>
, paratvpe females 
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12846E1B883562C49F" box="[1352,1371,1721,1744]" italics="true" pageId="14">N</emphasis>
= 2, 
<location id="8ECE602CFFAA2A1284B51B8833B8C4BF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAA2A1284B51B8833B8C4BF" country="United States of America" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Sago Spring" pageId="14">Sago Spring</location>
, Biưer 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A1282F61BE9352BC4BF" box="[976,1298,1752,1776]" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1284381BE9335FC540" pageId="14">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAA2A1282531BC63392C540" box="[885,939,1783,1807]" name="United States of America" pageId="14">USA</collectingCountry>
; collector: 
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1285031BC634F9C55F" box="[1061,1216,1783,1808]" pageId="14">Brian K. Lang</collectorName>
, date unknown
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAA2A1284501BC633E1C5C2" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Chaves Countv, NM &amp; Brain K. Lang" country="United States of America" county="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" latitude="33.4459" location="Unit" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-104.4044" municipality="Beaver Dam'" pageId="14" specimenCode="USNM 1607114" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A1284501BC633AFC560" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607114</specimenCode>
, paratvpe males 
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A1285611A263463C561" box="[1095,1114,1815,1838]" italics="true" pageId="14">N</emphasis>
= 3, 
<location id="8ECE602CFFAA2A1285B41A2634F8C560" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAA2A1285B41A2634F8C560" box="[1170,1217,1815,1839]" country="United States of America" county="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" latitude="33.4459" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-104.4044" municipality="Beaver Dam'" name="Unit" pageId="14">Unit</location>
6 ditch at ‘ 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A12841F1A263586C560" box="[1337,1471,1815,1839]" pageId="14">Beaver Dam’</collectingMunicipality>
, Biưer 
<collectingCounty id="62CF4E7BFFAA2A1282511A073494C501" box="[887,1197,1846,1870]" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1285931A0735B1C502" box="[1205,1416,1846,1870]" pageId="14">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAA2A1284B71A0735FBC501" box="[1425,1474,1846,1870]" name="United States of America" pageId="14">USA</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE255030FFAA2A1282661A6433A0C522" box="[832,921,1877,1901]" degrees="33.4459" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" precision="5" value="33.4459">33.4459</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE255030FFAA2A1282831A643423C522" box="[933,1050,1877,1901]" degrees="104.4044" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" precision="5" value="-104.4044">–104.4044</geoCoordinate>
); collector: 
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAA2A1285B21A643511C521" box="[1172,1320,1877,1902]" pageId="14">Brain K. Lang</collectorName>
, 2005 (precise date unknown)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAA2A1382C71A443102C0A4" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Chaves Countv, NM &amp; Brain K. Lang" country="United States of America" county="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" lastPageId="15" location="Unit" municipality="Beaver Dam'" pageId="14" specimenCode="USNM 1607115" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB79E8CFFAA2A1282C71A4434B6C5C3" box="[993,1167,1908,1933]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" type="Museum">USNM 1607115</specimenCode>
, paratvpe females 
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAA2A12846D1A443567C5C3" box="[1355,1374,1909,1932]" italics="true" pageId="14">N</emphasis>
= 2, 
<location id="8ECE602CFFAA2A1284B31A4435FDC5C2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAA2A1284B31A4435FDC5C2" box="[1429,1476,1909,1933]" country="United States of America" county="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" municipality="Beaver Dam'" name="Unit" pageId="14">Unit</location>
6 ditch at ‘ 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAA2A12828A1AA5340BC5E3" box="[940,1074,1940,1964]" pageId="14">Beaver Dam’</collectingMunicipality>
, Biưer 
<collectingCounty id="62CF4E7BFFAA2A1285591AA535F9C5E3" box="[1151,1472,1940,1964]" pageId="14">Lake National Wildlife Refuge</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAB2A1381571F82317CC084" box="[113,325,691,716]" pageId="15">Chaves Countv, NM</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAB2A1380681F8531BDC083" box="[334,388,692,716]" name="United States of America" pageId="15">USA</collectingCountry>
; collector: 
<collectorName id="26E45321FFAB2A1380D51F8232BAC083" box="[499,643,691,716]" pageId="15">Brain K. Lang</collectorName>
, 2005 (precise date unknown)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFAB2A1381571DBE3386C2E8" box="[113,959,142,167]" pageId="15" startId="15.[113,168,143,167]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A1381571DBE3386C2E8" blockId="15.[113,959,142,167]" box="[113,959,142,167]" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1381571DBE3086C2E9" bold="true" box="[113,191,142,167]" pageId="15">Table 3.</emphasis>
Morphological variation observed among 
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAB2A1383761DBE32DBC2E9" box="[592,738,143,166]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1383761DBE328FC2E9" box="[592,694,143,166]" italics="true" pageId="15">Gammarus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
examined in this studv.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A1381571D8D350BC01D" pageId="15">
<table id="F911C457FFABD5E381571D8D3596C01D" box="[113,1455,188,594]" gridcols="5" gridrows="11" pageId="15">
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571D8D3596C2BD" box="[113,1455,188,242]" gridrow="0" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571D8D31DEC2BD" box="[113,487,188,242]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1381571D8D30EAC29B" bold="true" box="[113,211,188,212]" pageId="15">Character</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111D8D32D0C2BD" box="[567,745,188,242]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1383111D8D32F3C2BE" bold="true" box="[567,714,188,242]" pageId="15">
Variability (
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAB2A1383671DEB32F9C2BE" box="[577,704,217,242]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desperatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1383671DEB32F9C2BE" bold="true" box="[577,704,217,242]" italics="true" pageId="15">G. desperatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351D8D33D5C2BD" box="[787,1004,188,242]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1382351D8D33D5C2BE" bold="true" box="[787,1004,188,242]" pageId="15">
Variability (
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAB2A13823B1DEB33AAC2BE" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[797,915,217,242]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A13823B1DEB33AAC2BE" bold="true" box="[797,915,217,242]" italics="true" pageId="15">G. acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256579EFFAB2A1382BE1DEB33DDC2BE" box="[920,996,217,242]" pageId="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
)
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1D8D3485C2BD" box="[1033,1212,188,242]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A13852F1D8D349EC2BE" bold="true" box="[1033,1191,188,242]" pageId="15">
Variability (
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAB2A1385321DEB34A4C2BE" box="[1044,1181,217,242]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyalelloides">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1385321DEB34A4C2BE" bold="true" box="[1044,1181,217,242]" italics="true" pageId="15">G. hyalelloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1D8D3596C2BD" box="[1227,1455,188,242]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1385ED1D8D3596C2BE" bold="true" box="[1227,1455,188,242]" pageId="15">
Variability (
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAB2A1385F01DEB356EC2BE" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[1238,1367,217,242]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balmorhea" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1385F01DEB356EC2BE" bold="true" box="[1238,1367,217,242]" italics="true" pageId="15">G. balmorhea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256579EFFAB2A13847D1DEB359EC2BE" box="[1371,1447,217,242]" pageId="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
)
</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571C383596C36D" box="[113,1455,265,290]" gridrow="1" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571C3831DEC36D" box="[113,487,265,290]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="15">Antenna 1 flagellar segments</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111C3832D0C36D" box="[567,745,265,290]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="15">24–31</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351C3833D5C36D" box="[787,1004,265,290]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="15">25–28</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1C383485C36D" box="[1033,1212,265,290]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="15">21–30</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1C383596C36D" box="[1227,1455,265,290]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="15">25–28</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571C1A3596C30B" box="[113,1455,299,324]" gridrow="2" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571C1A31DEC30B" box="[113,487,299,324]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="15">Antenna 2 flagellar segments</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111C1A32D0C30B" box="[567,745,299,324]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="15">10–15</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351C1A33D5C30B" box="[787,1004,299,324]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="15">10–14</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1C1A3485C30B" box="[1033,1212,299,324]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="15">10–11</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1C1A3596C30B" box="[1227,1455,299,324]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="15">10–12</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571C7C3596C329" box="[113,1455,333,358]" gridrow="3" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571C7C31DEC329" box="[113,487,333,358]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="15">Antenna 2 peduncle to flagellum length</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111C7C32D0C329" box="[567,745,333,358]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="15">1.4–1.6x</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351C7C33D5C329" box="[787,1004,333,358]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="15">1.4–1.6x</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1C7C3485C329" box="[1033,1212,333,358]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="15">1.5–2x</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1C7C3596C329" box="[1227,1455,333,358]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="15">1.2–1.5x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571C5E3596C3C8" box="[113,1455,367,391]" gridrow="4" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571C5E31DEC3C8" box="[113,487,367,391]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="15">Gnathopod 1 carpus anterior setae tusss</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111C5E32D0C3C8" box="[567,745,367,391]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="15">1–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351C5E33D5C3C8" box="[787,1004,367,391]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="15">1–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1C5E3485C3C8" box="[1033,1212,367,391]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="15">1–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1C5E3596C3C8" box="[1227,1455,367,391]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="15">1–2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571CA03596C3E5" box="[113,1455,401,426]" gridrow="5" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571CA031DEC3E5" box="[113,487,401,426]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="15">Pereopod 7 basis, posterior setae</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111CA032D0C3E5" box="[567,745,401,426]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="15">20–25% seg. width</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351CA033D5C3E5" box="[787,1004,401,426]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="15">35–40% seg. width</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1CA03485C3E5" box="[1033,1212,401,426]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="15">10–20% seg. width</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1CA03596C3E5" box="[1227,1455,401,426]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="15">10–20% seg. width</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571C823596C384" box="[113,1455,435,459]" gridrow="6" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571C8231DEC384" box="[113,487,435,459]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="15">Epimeron 1 ventral setae</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111C8232D0C384" box="[567,745,435,459]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="15">2–6</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351C8233D5C384" box="[787,1004,435,459]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="15">2–4</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1C823485C384" box="[1033,1212,435,459]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="15">0–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1C823596C384" box="[1227,1455,435,459]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="15">0–2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571CE43596C3A2" box="[113,1455,469,493]" gridrow="7" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571CE431DEC3A2" box="[113,487,469,493]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="15">Epimeron 2 anterior setae</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111CE432D0C3A2" box="[567,745,469,493]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="15">4–12</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351CE433D5C3A2" box="[787,1004,469,493]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="15">4–10</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1CE43485C3A2" box="[1033,1212,469,493]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="15">0–3</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1CE43596C3A2" box="[1227,1455,469,493]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="15">0–3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571CC73596C040" box="[113,1455,502,527]" gridrow="8" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571CC731DEC040" box="[113,487,502,527]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="15">Epimeron 3 posterior setae</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111CC732D0C040" box="[567,745,502,527]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="15">4–7</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351CC733D5C040" box="[787,1004,502,527]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="15">4–6</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1CC73485C040" box="[1033,1212,502,527]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="15">2–3</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1CC73596C040" box="[1227,1455,502,527]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="15">2–3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571F293596C07E" box="[113,1455,536,561]" gridrow="9" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571F2931DEC07E" box="[113,487,536,561]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="15">Uronite 1 * 2 dorsomedial robust setae</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111F2932D0C07E" box="[567,745,536,561]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="15">1–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351F2933D5C07E" box="[787,1004,536,561]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="15">1–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1F293485C07E" box="[1033,1212,536,561]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="15">1–2</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1F293596C07E" box="[1227,1455,536,561]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="15">1–2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352134B5FFABD5E381571F0B3596C01D" box="[113,1455,570,594]" gridrow="10" pageId="15">
<th id="76F05DC9FFABD5E381571F0B31DEC01D" box="[113,487,570,594]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="15">Telson setae length</th>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E383111F0B32D0C01D" box="[567,745,570,594]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="15">short/long</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E382351F0B33D5C01D" box="[787,1004,570,594]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="15">short/long</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E3852F1F0B3485C01D" box="[1033,1212,570,594]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="15">short/long</td>
<td id="76F05DC9FFABD5E385ED1F0B3596C01D" box="[1227,1455,570,594]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="15">short/long</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A1381571E3C32C8C10C" blockId="15.[113,762,780,836]" pageId="15">
<materialsCitation id="3B793CAAFFAB2A1381571E3C32C8C10C" country="United States of America" county="Chaves Countv" latitude="33.478127" location="Sago Spring" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-104.41976" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" pageId="15" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New Mexico" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1381571E3C30CDC16B" box="[113,244,780,804]" italics="true" pageId="15">
<typeStatus id="54AA8855FFAB2A1381571E3C3098C16B" box="[113,161,781,804]" pageId="15">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
<location id="8ECE602CFFAB2A1381DC1E3D314FC16B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAB2A1381DC1E3D314FC16B" box="[250,374,780,804]" country="United States of America" county="Chaves Countv" latitude="33.478127" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-104.41976" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Sago Spring" pageId="15" stateProvince="New Mexico">Sago Spring</location>
, 
<location id="8ECE602CFFAB2A1380A61E3D32CFC16B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAB2A1380A61E3D32CFC16B" box="[384,758,780,804]" country="United States of America" county="Chaves Countv" latitude="33.478127" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-104.41976" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Biuer Lake National Wildlife Refuge" pageId="15" stateProvince="New Mexico">
<location id="8ECE602CFFAB2A1380A61E3D31C9C16B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887E1FFAA2A0A8243197835FAC6ED:8ECE602CFFAB2A1380A61E3D31C9C16B" box="[384,496,780,804]" country="United States of America" county="Chaves Countv" latitude="33.478127" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-104.41976" municipality="Lake National Wildlife Refuge" name="Biuer Lake" pageId="15" stateProvince="New Mexico">
Biưer 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAAC8DFFAB2A1380981E3D31C9C16B" box="[446,496,780,804]" pageId="15">Lake</collectingMunicipality>
</location>
National Wildlife Refuge
</location>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62CF4E7BFFAB2A1381571E1A3136C10B" box="[113,271,811,836]" pageId="15">Chaves Countv</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49D5F815FFAB2A13803E1E1D31A2C10C" box="[280,411,811,835]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="15">New Mexico</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3067667FFAB2A1380821E1D31ECC10B" box="[420,469,812,836]" name="United States of America" pageId="15">USA</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE255030FFAB2A1380C71E1A326DC10C" box="[481,596,811,835]" degrees="33.478125" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" precision="1" value="33.478127">33.478125</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE255030FFAB2A1383781E1A32D0C10C" box="[606,745,811,835]" degrees="104.419763" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" precision="1" value="-104.41976">–104.419763</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A1381571E5431D2C6BA" blockId="15.[113,763,869,1269]" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1381571E5430EEC133" box="[113,215,869,892]" italics="true" pageId="15">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Large, brightlv marked species showing characteristics tvpical of members of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFAB2A1380801EB43275C1D3" box="[422,588,901,924]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pecos">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1380801EB43275C1D3" box="[422,588,901,924]" italics="true" pageId="15">Gammarus pecos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex, as outlined bv 
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B06FFAB2A1381EE1E923171C1F4" author="Cole GA" box="[200,328,931,955]" pageId="15" pagination="93 - 104" refId="ref20233" refString="Cole GA. Analvsis of the Gammarus-pecos complex (Crustacea: Amphipoda) in Texas and New Mexico, USA. Journal of the Arizona- Nevada Academy of Science 1985; 20: 93 - 104." type="journal article" year="1985">Cole (1985)</bibRefCitation>
. Distinguished from other members of the complex through the combination of the following characteristics: setae present on the posterior margin of antenna 1; antenna 1 flagellum with &lt;35 segments; C-setae on mandibular palps up to 3× D-setae in length; B-setae on mandibular palps up to 60% length of longest A-seta; male gnathopods 1 * 2 with straight or slightlv concave palmar margins on propodi; coxal plates 1–4 with numerous facial setae; bases of pereopods 1–7 with&gt;12 posterior setae, and dense facial setae; posterior setae on basis of pereopod 7 35%–40% width of segment. Males up to 
<quantity id="4CE99B12FFAB2A1383B1198F32D8C69A" box="[663,737,1214,1238]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="15" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
in length, females up to 
<quantity id="4CE99B12FFAB2A13806D19EC31BCC6BB" box="[331,389,1245,1269]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="15" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
in length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A13815718263188C722" blockId="15.[113,762,1302,1389]" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A138157182630D1C761" box="[113,232,1303,1326]" italics="true" pageId="15">Description:</emphasis>
Male (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A13801118273192C761" box="[311,427,1302,1326]" captionStart-0="Figure 11" captionStart-1="Figure 12" captionStart-2="Figure 13" captionStart-3="Figure 14" captionStart-4="Figure 15" captionStartId-0="16.[129,194,1587,1611]" captionStartId-1="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" captionStartId-2="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" captionStartId-3="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionStartId-4="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox-0="[284,1327,166,1537]" captionTargetBox-1="[245,1308,178,1578]" captionTargetBox-2="[247,1348,161,1581]" captionTargetBox-3="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetBox-4="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId-0="figure-160@16.[241,1361,144,1559]" captionTargetId-1="figure-143@17.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetId-2="figure-155@18.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetId-3="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetId-4="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="17" captionTargetPageId-2="18" captionTargetPageId-3="19" captionTargetPageId-4="20" captionText-0="Figure 11. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible; D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." captionText-1="Figure 12. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." captionText-2="Figure 13.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars:1 mm." captionText-3="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." captionText-4="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="15">Figs 11–15</figureCitation>
): 
<quantity id="4CE99B12FFAB2A1380E318273219C761" box="[453,544,1302,1326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="15" unit="mm" value="12.8">12.8 mm</quantity>
in length. Eves reniform, integumentarv pigment present when alive and in freshlv preserved specimens (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A13807318643199C722" box="[341,416,1365,1389]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[115,180,936,960]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,144,908]" captionTargetId="figure-503@7.[146,1426,144,908]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Habitus photographs of Gammarus spp. examined here. A, Gammarus desperatus topotvpe, male, 14.2 mm (USNM 1607107), North Spring, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. B, Gammarus desperatus, male, 8.5 mm (USNM 1607105), Rio Hondo, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. C, Gammarus desperatus, female, 4.3 mm (USNM 1607106), Rio Hondo, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. D, Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. E, Gammarus acerbatus, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.F, Gammarus balmorhea, holotvpe male, 13.7 mm (USNM 1607116), San Solomon Spring, Reeves Countv, TX, USA.G, Gammarus balmorhea, allotvpe female, 9.6 mm (USNM 1607117), San Solomon Spring, Reeves Countv, TX, USA.Scale bar:1 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A13815718BF322DC48F" blockId="15.[113,762,1422,1728]" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A13815718BF30ECC7EA" box="[113,213,1422,1445]" italics="true" pageId="15">Antennae:</emphasis>
Antenna 1 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A13804818BF31F5C7E9" box="[366,460,1422,1446]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[284,1327,166,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-160@16.[241,1361,144,1559]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 11. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible; D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
): approximatelv 45% bodv length, 1.2× as long as antenna 2; peduncle segment 1 with distal robust seta; primarv flagellum with 26 segments; accessorv flagellum four-segmented. Antenna 2 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A1380DC18DD326AC44B" box="[506,595,1516,1540]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[284,1327,166,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-160@16.[241,1361,144,1559]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 11. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible; D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
): peduncle approximatelv 1.4× as long as flagellum, segment 4 with four tusss of dorsal setae, four tusss of ventral setae, and four tusss of lateral setae, segment 5 subequal in length to segment 4, armed with five tusss of dorsal setae, five tusss of ventral setae, and four tusss of lateral setae; flagellum with 12 segments, setae length on segments decreasing distallv, calceoli absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A1381571BD03361C418" blockId="15.[113,762,1761,1974]" lastBlockId="15.[810,1460,691,1623]" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A1381571BD030D5C4B6" box="[113,236,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="15">Mouthparts:</emphasis>
Mandibles: less mandible (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A13833E1BD0325EC4B6" box="[536,615,1761,1785]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[260,1335,172,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-188@8.[241,1361,144,1548]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Gammarus desperatus, male, 8.5 mm (USNM 1607105), Rio Hondo, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible (lacinia mobilis enlarged); D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
) incisor five-dentate, lacinia mobilis four-dentate, accessorv setal row with six robust, serrate setae and numerous plumose setae; molar process ovate, lacking seta; palp with three segments, penultimate segment 1.1× length of ultimate with six α-setae and eight β-setae, α-setae subequal in length to E-setae; ultimate segment with five A-setae, five B-setae, three C-setae, 22 D-setae, and five E-setae, C-setae 3× length of longest D-seta, B-setae 60% length of longest A-seta. Right mandible (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A1385AC1FE234EDC0A5" box="[1162,1236,722,747]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[260,1335,172,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-188@8.[241,1361,144,1548]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Gammarus desperatus, male, 8.5 mm (USNM 1607105), Rio Hondo, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible (lacinia mobilis enlarged); D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
): incisor five-dentate, lacinia mobilis bifurcate, both lobes with numerous protuberances; accessorv setal row with six robust, serrate setae and numerous plumose setae; molar process ovate, lacking seta; palp with three articles, relative segment lengths and setation paưerns as in less mandible. Upper lip (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A13857A1E5E3488C1C8" box="[1116,1201,879,903]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[245,1308,178,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-143@17.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
): rounded, apical margin of labrum with numerous fine setae. Lower lip (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A1384371EBE355CC1E8" box="[1297,1381,911,935]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[245,1308,178,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-143@17.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
): inner lobes indistinct; outer margin of outer lobes sparselv covered in fine setae; inner margin of outer lobes heavilv setose. Maxilla 1 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A1382131EDC3394C64B" box="[821,941,1005,1029]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="16.[129,194,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[284,1327,166,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-160@16.[241,1361,144,1559]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 11. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible; D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 11C, D</figureCitation>
): inner plate with 16 plumose marginal setae and numerous fine, pubescent setae covering entire plate; outer plate with 11 apical comb spines, pubescence covering inner margin, decreasing laterallv and proximallv; less palp with two segments, subapical margin of distal segment with three long setae, apical margin with eight robust setae; right palp with two segments, subapical margin of distal segment with a long seta, apical margin with five robust setae, broader than those of less palp. Maxilla 2 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A1382BC19D633D7C6B0" box="[922,1006,1255,1279]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[245,1308,178,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-143@17.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
): both inner and outer plates covered in pubescent setae; outer plate with numerous distal setae; inner plate narrowing slightlv distallv, with numerous apical setae and 10 plumose facial setae. Maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A1385A3187434E3C712" box="[1157,1242,1349,1373]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[245,1308,178,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-143@17.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 12F</figureCitation>
): inner plate shorter than outer plate, apical margin with three naked cuspidate setae, inner margin with nine plumose setae, surface of plate covered in fine pubescence; outer plate armed with numerous naked cuspidate setae covering inner margin and numerous setae covering both inner and apical margins; palp second segment with numerous marginal setae, third segment with numerus marginal/ submarginal setae; dactvlus with four inner setae and an outer seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFAB2A0D820C1BB53509C543" blockId="15.[810,1459,1668,1974]" lastBlockId="17.[810,1458,1749,1804]" lastPageId="17" pageId="15">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFAB2A13820C1BB53393C4D3" box="[810,938,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="15">Gnathopods:</emphasis>
Gnathopod 1 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFAB2A13857F1BB5348FC4D3" box="[1113,1206,1668,1692]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1348,161,1581]" captionTargetId="figure-155@18.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars:1 mm." pageId="15">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
): coxal plate with four anterior setae, a posterior seta, and nine long facial setae, additional smaller, submarginal setae line apex of plate; basis with numerous long setae inserted along anterior and posterior margins, small patch of pubescence on posterodistal corner; ischium with eight setae and pubescence along posterior margin; merus with anterior seta, a large patch of setae on anterodistal margin, and a tuss of posterior setae, posterior surface of segment weaklv pubescent; carpus approximatelv 75% length of propodus with one tuss of setae along anterior margin, posterior margin with numerous setae and seven submarginal setae directed distallv; propodus approximatelv 2.3× as long as broad, with two tusss of anterior setae, six tusss of inferior medial setae, nine anterodistal setae, and four tusss of posterior setae; palm oblique, weaklv concave, with large robust seta placed along margin and numerous inner/outer marginal setae; defining angle with nine robust setae and three long setae; dactvlus with outer seta, inner setae lacking. Gnathopod 2 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB42A0C83861ABF32CEC5E9" box="[672,759,1934,1958]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1348,161,1581]" captionTargetId="figure-155@18.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars:1 mm." pageId="16">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
): coxal plate with three anterior setae, two posterior setae, and 10 long facial setae, additional smaller, submarginal setae line apex of plate; basis with numerous long setae inserted along anterior and posterior margins, small patch of pubescence on posterodistal corner; ischium with seven setae and pubescence along posterior margin; merus with anterior seta, patch of setae on anterodistal margin, and three tusss of posterior setae, posterior surface of segment weaklv pubescent; carpus approximatelv 70% length of propodus with two tusss of setae along anterior margin, posterior margin with six groups of setae and four submarginal setae directed distallv; propodus 2.0× as long as broad, with two tusss of anterior setae, seven tusss of inferior medial setae, 10 anterodistal setae, and six tusss of posterior setae; palm oblique, weaklv concave with large robust setae placed along margin and numerous inner/outer marginal setae; defining angle with eight robust setae and seven long setae; dactvlus with outer seta, inner setae lacking.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFB42A0C81A71B0231AFC4CD" pageId="16" startId="16.[129,194,1587,1611]" targetBox="[284,1327,166,1537]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB42A0C81A71B0231AFC4CD" blockId="16.[129,1474,1587,1667]" pageId="16">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB42A0C81A71B0230DCC404" bold="true" box="[129,229,1587,1611]" pageId="16">Figure 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB42A0C81CF1B023193C404" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[233,426,1587,1611]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB42A0C81CF1B023193C404" box="[233,426,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="16">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, antenna 1; B, antenna 2; C, right mandible; D, right mandible palp, ultimate segment inner aspect; E, less mandible (palp omiưed). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFB52A0D81571B64333CC4EA" pageId="17" startId="17.[113,178,1621,1645]" targetBox="[245,1308,178,1578]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB52A0D81571B64333CC4EA" blockId="17.[113,1392,1621,1701]" pageId="17">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB52A0D81571B6430EFC422" bold="true" box="[113,214,1621,1645]" pageId="17">Figure 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB52A0D81FC1B6731A3C422" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[218,410,1621,1645]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB52A0D81FC1B6731A3C422" box="[218,410,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="17">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, upper lip; B, lower lip; C, less maxilla 1 (outer plate spine-teeth enlarged); D, right maxilla 1, palp; E, maxilla 2; F, maxilliped (apical margin of inner plate enlarged). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB52A08820C1A1F3119C5E3" blockId="17.[810,1459,1838,1956]" lastBlockId="20.[129,777,1721,1964]" lastPageId="20" pageId="17">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB52A0D820C1A1F33AAC509" box="[810,915,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="17">Pereopods:</emphasis>
Pereopod 3 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB52A0D85161A1F34B7C509" box="[1072,1166,1838,1862]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1348,161,1581]" captionTargetId="figure-155@18.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars:1 mm." pageId="17">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
): coxal plate with five anterior setae, three posterior setae, and 10 long facial setae, additional smaller, submarginal setae line apex of plate; merus 1.4× as long as carpus, carpus 80% propodus in length; dactvlus approximatelv 50% length of propodus, with plumose seta on anterior margin, and a seta on posterior margin followed bv a thin seta on medial margin. Pereopod 4 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB62A0E80DE1A253276C563" box="[504,591,1812,1836]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="18">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
): coxal plate with two anterior setae, five posterior setae, and 10 long facial setae, additional smaller, submarginal setae line apex of plate; merus 1.4× as long as carpus; carpus 70% length of propodus; dactvlus approximatelv 50% length of propodus, setation as in pereopod 3. Pereopod 5 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB62A0E82F31BE43411C4A2" box="[981,1064,1749,1773]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="18">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
): coxal plate large, bilobate with distinct anterior and posterior lobes, posterior lobe with four setae on distal corner; basis posterior margin straight with 13 shallow serrations bearing short setae, posterior face of segment with four setae, anterior margin with four robust setae, and seven long setae on anteroproximal corner, anterodistal corner with tuss of setae paired with robust seta; merus approximatelv 80% length of carpus; carpus subequal in length to propodus; dactvlus approximatelv 38% length of propodus, setation as in pereopods 3–4. Pereopod 6 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB72A0F800D1A2531BBC563" box="[299,386,1812,1836]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="19">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
): coxal plate bilobate, posterior lobe with five long setae; basis posterior margin weaklv convex with 10 shallow serrations bearing long setae, posterodistal corner with four setae and robust seta, posterior face of segment with 14 setae, anterior margin with five robust setae, and 10 long setae on anteroproximal corner, anterodistal corner with tuss of setae paired with robust setae; merus approximatelv 75% length of carpus; carpus subequal in length to propodus; dactvlus approximatelv 50% length of propodus, setation as in pereopods 3–5. Pereopod 7 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB72A0F82C11A633406C524" box="[999,1087,1874,1899]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="19">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
): coxal plate small, lobes indistinct, with seven posterior setae; basis posterior margin weaklv convex, with 19 shallow serrations bearing long setae, longest posterior setae 40% width of segment, posterodistal corner with five setae and two robust setae, posterior face of segment with 21 setae subequal in length to marginal setae, anterior margin with five robust setae and four anteroproximal setae, anterodistal corner with tuss of setae paired with robust setae; merus subequal in length to carpus; carpus subequal in length to propodus; dactvlus approximatelv 42% length of propodus, setation as in pereopods 3–6.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFB62A0E81A41B6431A4C4EA" pageId="18" startId="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" targetBox="[247,1348,161,1581]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB62A0E81A41B6431A4C4EA" blockId="18.[129,1407,1621,1701]" pageId="18">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB62A0E81A41B6430DFC422" bold="true" box="[130,230,1621,1645]" pageId="18">Figure 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB62A0E81CF1B673193C422" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[233,426,1621,1645]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB62A0E81CF1B673193C422" box="[233,426,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="18">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFB72A0F81551B643494C4EA" pageId="19" startId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" targetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" targetPageId="19" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB72A0F81551B643494C4EA" blockId="19.[113,1392,1621,1701]" pageId="19">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB72A0F81551B6430EEC422" bold="true" box="[115,215,1621,1645]" pageId="19">Figure 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB72A0F81FC1B6731A3C422" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[218,410,1621,1645]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB72A0F81FC1B6731A3C422" box="[218,410,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="19">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFB02A0881A71B64350CC4C6" pageId="20" startId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" targetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB02A0881A71B64350CC4C6" blockId="20.[129,1407,1621,1673]" pageId="20">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB02A0881A71B6430DCC422" bold="true" box="[129,229,1621,1645]" pageId="20">Figure 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB02A0881CF1B673193C422" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[233,426,1621,1645]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB02A0881CF1B673193C422" box="[233,426,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="20">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB02A08821F1B883434C4BF" blockId="20.[825,1474,1721,1776]" pageId="20">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB02A08821F1B88334FC49F" box="[825,886,1721,1745]" italics="true" pageId="20">Gills (</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB02A0882501B8833D3C49E" box="[886,1002,1721,1745]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[130,195,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1348,161,1581]" captionTargetId="figure-155@18.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, gnathopod 2 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); C, pereopod 3. Scale bars:1 mm." pageId="20">Figs 13B, C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB02A0882D31B883406C49E" box="[1013,1087,1721,1745]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="20">14A–D</figureCitation>
): Coxal gills on somites 2–6, somite 7 with pereopod 7 gill.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB02A09821F1A2333F0C56E" blockId="20.[825,1475,1810,1960]" lastBlockId="21.[810,1459,1708,1826]" lastPageId="21" pageId="20">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB02A08821F1A23334EC565" box="[825,887,1810,1834]" italics="true" pageId="20">Pleon:</emphasis>
Pleopod 1 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB02A0882DB1A23346AC565" box="[1021,1107,1810,1834]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="20">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
): peduncle with seven inner setae, 14 outer setae, and four coupling hooks; outer, inner rami with 16 and 21 segments, respectivelv. Pleopod 2 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB02A08847E1A613596C526" box="[1368,1455,1872,1897]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="20">Fig. 14F</figureCitation>
): peduncle with five inner and 10 outer setae, and five coupling hooks; outer, inner rami with 16 and 18 segments, respectivelv. Pleopod 3 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB12A0981C81B9D3171C48B" box="[238,328,1708,1732]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[115,180,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[238,1309,156,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-148@19.[226,1346,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14.Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, pereopod 4; B, pereopod 5; C, pereopod 6; D, pereopod 7; E, pleopod 1 (coupling spines enlarged); F, pleopod 2 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed); G, pleopod 3 (coupling spines enlarged, rami omiưed). Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="21">Fig. 14G</figureCitation>
): peduncle with three inner and 14 outer setae, and four coupling hooks; outer, inner rami with 15 and 16 segments, respectivelv. Epimera (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB12A0980D41BDA3275C54D" box="[498,588,1770,1795]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="21">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
): first epimeron anterior margin with 14 setae, ventral margin with two setae, distoposterior corner not produced, posterior margin with four setae; second epimeron anterior margin with 10 setae, ventral margin with four robust setae; three robust setae inserted faciallv along the ventral surface, distoposterior corner weaklv produced, posterior margin with five setae; third epimeron anterior margin with 11 setae, ventral margin with four robust setae, distoposterior corner weaklv produced, posterior margin with four setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6E667FFFB12A0981571B7935A3C433" pageId="21" startId="21.[113,178,1608,1632]" targetBox="[259,1316,167,1554]" targetPageId="21" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB12A0981571B7935A3C433" blockId="21.[113,1434,1608,1660]" pageId="21">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB12A0981571B7930EFC42F" bold="true" box="[113,214,1608,1632]" pageId="21">Figure 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB12A0981FC1B7931A3C42F" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[218,410,1608,1632]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB12A0981FC1B7931A3C42F" box="[218,410,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="21">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA. A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, pereopod 7; C, uropod 3. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm C.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB12A0A820C1A7B30D9C1BA" blockId="21.[810,1459,1865,1952]" lastBlockId="22.[129,778,144,1014]" lastPageId="22" pageId="21">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB12A09820C1A7B33BEC52E" box="[810,903,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="21">Urosome:</emphasis>
Uronites (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB12A0985341A78344DC52E" box="[1042,1140,1865,1889]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="21">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
): weaklv humped dorsallv; dorsomedial surface of first and second uronites with a robust seta and four to five setae; dorsolateral margins of first and second uronites with a pair of robust setae and two to three setae; third uronite with three robust setae and five setae dorsolaterallv. Uropod 1 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A807F1DFE318DC2A9" box="[345,436,206,231]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="22">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
): peduncle 1.2× inner ramus in length with three outer robust setae, six inner robust setae, and two anteroproximal robust setae; outer ramus subequal in length to inner, with two inner robust setae, 3 outer robust setae, five apical robust setae, and one anteroproximal seta; inner ramus with three outer robust setae, two inner robust setae, and five apical robust setae. Uropod 2 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A80E91CBA3213C3ED" box="[463,554,394,419]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="22">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
): peduncle subequal in length to outer ramus, with four outer robust setae and three inner robust setae; outer ramus approximatelv 1.2× inner ramus in length, with three outer robust setae, an inner robust seta, and six apical robust setae; inner ramus with an inner/outer robust seta, and five apical robust setae. Uropod 3 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A83641F1632AFC070" box="[578,662,551,575]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="22">Fig. 15E</figureCitation>
): elongate, biramous; peduncle approximatelv 40% length of outer ramus with two inner robust setae, an outer robust setae, and four marginal robust setae; outer ramus two-segmented, 1.2× length of inner ramus, first segment approximatelv 9× length of second segment, with four groups of robust setae on outer margin paired with setae and/or plumose setae, inner margin with three groups of robust setae and row of plumose setae lining most of margin; second segment with apical group of setae; inner ramus one-segmented with plumose setae lining outer margin along with two robust setae, plumose setae absent on apical margin. Telson (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A81AD1EB130DBC1D7" box="[139,226,896,920]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[247,1331,166,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[241,1361,144,1593]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Gammarus acerbatus, holotvpe male, 12.8 mm (USNM 1607109), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, epimera; B, uronites; C, uropod 1; D, uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson.Scale bars: 1 mm (A-E), 0.5 mm F." pageId="22">Fig. 15F</figureCitation>
): cless to base, apices each with two to three robust setae and four to six setae; outer margins with a robust seta and two to six setae; inner margins with three to five setae and a robust seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A81A71926326BC6C2" blockId="22.[128,778,1047,1165]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A81A7192630F4C660" box="[129,205,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="22">Female:</emphasis>
USNM 1607110, 
<quantity id="4CE99B12FFB22A0A80AE192631EFC660" box="[392,470,1047,1071]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="22" unit="mm" value="8.1">8.1 mm</quantity>
in length. Differing from male in several points, including smaller size, gnathopod 2 shape/ setation, pereopod shape/setation, and uropod 3 size/setation. Structures not described below are as in male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A81A7199E32B0C4D3" blockId="22.[128,778,1199,1692]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A81A7199E30C6C688" box="[129,255,1199,1223]" italics="true" pageId="22">Gnathopods:</emphasis>
Gnathopod 2 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A8084199E31C0C688" box="[418,505,1199,1223]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1608,1632]" captionTargetBox="[259,1316,167,1554]" captionTargetId="figure-146@21.[226,1346,144,1580]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 16. Gammarus acerbatus, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, pereopod 7; C, uropod 3. Scale bars:1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm C." pageId="22">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
): coxal plate with one anterior seta, four posterior setae, and six long facial setae; basis with numerous long setae inserted along anterior and posterior margins, small patch of pubescence on posterodistal corner; ischium with four setae and pubescence along posterior margin; merus with anterior seta, patch of setae on anterodistal margin, and two tusss of posterior setae, posterior surface of segment weaklv pubescent; carpus approximatelv 85% length of propodus with two groups of setae along anterior margin, posterior margin with five groups of setae, and two groups of submarginal setae directed distallv; propodus 2× as long as broad, with three groups of anterior setae, five tusss of inferior medial setae, seven anterodistal setae, and four tusss of posterior setae; palm oblique, slightlv concave, lacking robust setae, with numerous inner/outer marginal setae; defining angle with two outer and two inner robust setae; dactvlus with outer setae, inner setae lacking.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A81A61B8F3189C4BA" blockId="22.[128,777,1726,1781]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A81A61B8F313DC499" box="[128,260,1726,1750]" italics="true" pageId="22">Brood plates:</emphasis>
Slender, expanding apicallv with medium-length setae, present on somites 2–5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A81A61A27341FC011" blockId="22.[128,777,1814,1964]" lastBlockId="22.[825,1474,144,606]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A81A61A2730D0C561" box="[128,233,1814,1838]" italics="true" pageId="22">Pereopods:</emphasis>
Pereopod 7 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A80591A2731EFC561" box="[383,470,1814,1838]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1608,1632]" captionTargetBox="[259,1316,167,1554]" captionTargetId="figure-146@21.[226,1346,144,1580]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 16. Gammarus acerbatus, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, pereopod 7; C, uropod 3. Scale bars:1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm C." pageId="22">Fig. 16B</figureCitation>
): coxal plate small, lobes indistinct, with six posterior setae; basis posterior margin convex proximallv with nine shallow serrations bearing long setae decreasing in length distallv, posterodistal corner with three setae, posterior face of segment with 14 setae, anterior margin with two robust setae and 3 setae, anterodistal corner with two robust setae and two setae; merus subequal in length to carpus; carpus 83% length of propodus; dactvlus approximatelv 43% length of propodus, setation as in male. Uropod 3 (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A84141DDF35BEC349" box="[1330,1415,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1608,1632]" captionTargetBox="[259,1316,167,1554]" captionTargetId="figure-146@21.[226,1346,144,1580]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 16. Gammarus acerbatus, allotvpe female, 8.1 mm (USNM 1607110), Sago Spring, Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Chaves Countv, NM, USA.A, gnathopod 1 (palmar margin and dactvlus enlarged); B, pereopod 7; C, uropod 3. Scale bars:1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm C." pageId="22">Fig. 16C</figureCitation>
): less elongate than in male, biramous; peduncle approximatelv 40% length of outer ramus with three outer, two inner robust setae, and three marginal robust setae; outer ramus two-segmented, 1.6× length of inner ramus, first segment approximatelv 3.3× length of second segment, with three groups of robust setae on outer margin, inner margin with apical robust seta and row of plumose setae lining most of margin; second segment with apical group of setae; inner ramus one-segmented with plumose setae lining outer margin along with two robust setae, inner margin with apical plumose setae, apical margin with two robust setae and slender setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A821F1FB1349FC0F8" blockId="22.[825,1474,640,695]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A821F1FB133A5C0D8" box="[825,924,640,663]" italics="true" pageId="22">Variation:</emphasis>
Ŋe species was shown to varv slightlv in several morphological characteristics (
<tableCitation id="C693034CFFB22A0A856D1FAE34AFC0F8" box="[1099,1174,671,695]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="15.[113,168,143,167]" captionText="Table 3. Morphological variation observed among Gammarus spp. examined in this studv." pageId="22">Table 3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A821F1FE93501C160" blockId="22.[825,1474,728,815]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A821F1FE93391C0BF" box="[825,936,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="22">Etymology:</emphasis>
Ŋe specific epithet 
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB22A0A855E1FE934EDC0BF" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[1144,1236,728,752]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A855E1FE934EDC0BF" box="[1144,1236,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="22">acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, derived from the word ‘acerbate’ (to embiưer) is given in reference to the species occurrence within Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36F7FFB22A0A821F1E6135FAC6ED" blockId="22.[825,1475,848,1186]" pageId="22">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A821F1E613527C127" box="[825,1310,848,872]" italics="true" pageId="22">
Distribution and ecology: 
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB22A0A851D1E613527C127" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[1083,1310,848,872]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A851D1E613527C127" bold="true" box="[1083,1310,848,872]" pageId="22">Gammarus acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256579EFFB22A0A84001E613543C127" box="[1318,1402,848,872]" pageId="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is currentlv known onlv from the main tract of Biưer Lake National Wildlife Refuge in Chaves Countv, 
<collectingRegion id="49D5F815FFB22A0A85BE1EA13523C1E8" box="[1176,1306,911,935]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="22">New Mexico</collectingRegion>
. Here it has been recorded from six localities spanning a significant portion of the refuge (
<figureCitation id="132A2A72FFB22A0A82AF1EFF33F9C1A9" box="[905,960,974,998]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[129,194,1111,1135]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1081]" captionTargetId="figure-474@2.[129,1473,144,1084]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of members of the Gammarus pecos complex in Texas and New Mexico.A, overview of Gammarus acerbatus and Gammarus desperatus distribution in Chaves Countv, NM, USA.B, overview of Gammarus balmorhea and Gammarus hyalelloides distribution in Reeves and Jeff Davis counties, TX, USA." pageId="22">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Within BLWNR, individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB22A0A84311EFF35B6C1A9" authorityName="Cannizzaro &amp; Berg" authorityYear="2024" box="[1303,1423,974,998]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerbatus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A84311EFF35B6C1A9" box="[1303,1423,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="22">G. acerbatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been associated with vegetation in sinkholes, springs, and the edges of marshes, and are known to co-occur both with an undescribed species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB22A0A8533191D345EC60B" authorityName="S. I. Smith" authorityYear="1874" box="[1045,1127,1068,1092]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A8533191D345EC60B" box="[1045,1127,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="22">Hyalella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and with 
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB22A0A85F3191D3584C60B" box="[1237,1469,1068,1092]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A85F3191D357AC60C" box="[1237,1347,1068,1091]" italics="true" pageId="22">Gammarus</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A844B191D3584C60B" box="[1389,1469,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="22">lacustris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Ŋe laưer occurrence has onlv been noted in a single location, Hunter Marsh, towards the south end of the refuge and recent collection aưempts have failed to vield either 
<taxonomicName id="4C114D74FFB22A0A842719BB35FAC6ED" box="[1281,1475,1162,1186]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B965EAE5FFB22A0A842719BB3556C6EE" box="[1281,1391,1162,1185]" italics="true" pageId="22">Gammarus</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>